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From YouTube: The Irish Famine Lecture Series: The Master of Portumna Workhouse: Corruption and Exploitation
Description
The Master of Portumna Workhouse: Corruption and Exploitation I Thursday 26 January 2023 I Mr. David Broderick
David is a historian and researcher from Lorrha, Co. Tipperary who currently works at the Irish Workhouse Centre in Portumna Co. Galway. David holds a Masters degree in Public History and Cultural Heritage from the University of Limerick. His book, Finding Ogle: The Mystery of the Disappearing Workhouse Master (2019) is a study of the Portumna Workhouse in Co. Galway and its notorious master, Henry Ogle.
A
B
Dolores,
thank
you
very
much.
Welcome
everybody!
It's
nice
and
special
hello
to
to
Jared
there
and
I
enjoyed
these
wonderful
talkies
he's
a
Fountain
of
Knowledge,
most
of
that
stuff
for
the
vast
majority
of
that
just
came
from
his
head
and
very
impressive
and
I'm
I'm
honored
to
be
in
such
a
great
company
tonight.
So
what
I
might
do
is
I
might
just
stop
my
video
just
to
back
up
the
strength
of
my
bandwidth
here.
If
that's
okay,.
B
So
I
should
be
gone
there
now
and
yeah.
So
if
there's
any
problems
Dolores
you
just
let
me
know
as
we
go
along:
okay,
so
I'm
going
to
begin
my
talk
or,
as
the
Lord
said,
my
story
about
the
master
from
the
workhouse,
the
infamous
Henry
Ogle
and
the
corruption
and
exploitation
that
he
got
up
to
and
again
I'm
I'm
honored
to
be
speaking
here
tonight.
B
I'll
just
use
one
quote
here
and
it's
from
John
O'connor's
book
on
the
workhouses
of
Ireland
and
O'connor,
says
that
the
workhouse
was
the
most
feared
and
hated
institution
ever
established
in
Ireland
and
after
listening
to
the
previous
speaker,
we
can
understand
why
and
hopefully,
after
this
talk
as
well,
we'll
understand
even
a
little
bit
more
as
to
why
the
workhouse
has
come
down
to
us
so
negatively.
In
Tradition
and
and
folklore.
B
So
I
suppose
it
must
be
said
that
you
know
to
be
treated
badly
in
a
workhouse
in
in
Ireland.
You
know
the
poppers
and
in
vertical
commas,
were
treated
badly,
but
that
was
also
the
case
in
England
that
I
have
visited
a
couple
of
workhouses
in
in
England
as
well,
and
you
know
treated
quite
quite
bad
in
in
the
UK
as
well.
B
Some
of
the
terms
that
come
up
when
we
research
the
workhouse
is
in
the
backdrop
here
are
dormitories
in
in
Pro
terminal
workhouse.
You
know
there
was
disease,
there
was
cholera,
smallpox,
dysentery,
typhus,
again,
Jared
mentioned
on
stigma.
Stigma
was
a
huge
part
of
of
the
workhouse
there's
an
old
saying
in
protomnia
or
an
old
story
that
if
you
wanted
to
insult
somebody
in
the
pub
while
you
were
having
a
point,
you
would
say
to
him
be
careful
not
to
throw
a
stone
over
the
wall
of
the
workhouse.
B
B
B
I'm.
Sorry
I
know
I'm,
just
not
seeing
the
very
bottom
of
my
lines
of
my
slides,
so
sometimes
I
might
have
to
leave
out
a
short
line.
This
is
a
quote
from
a
poem
in
the
children's
folklore
collection,
which
is
available
online
in
ducas
and
again,
a
valuable
source
of
local
folklore
and
lots
of
references
to
the
famine.
This
one
is
by
James
turtle
and
billywood
and
a
couple
of
lines
of
pull
from
it
speaking
about
the
master.
He
says
he
separates
them
and
they
must
away
they
hear
his
threats
and
trembling.
B
B
So
there's
a
lot
of
as
I
mentioned
kind
of
negativity
surrounding
these
workhouse
Masters,
and
we
go
back
to
where
they're
looking
for
constabury
or
ex-military
men
to
to
take
up
these
roles
and
oftentimes
oftentimes.
These
men
were
actually
expelled
from
you,
know
the
army
or
the
police
force
for
being
too
heavy
hunters,
and
these
are
the
kind
of
guys
that
were
taking
over
these
roles
in
the
workhouses,
because
don't
forget,
as
Jared
mentioned,
some
of
the
workhouses
could
hold
a
thousand
people
in
the
time
of
the
famine
they
were
overcrowded.
B
Maybe
it
could
be
up
to
three
to
three
thousand
people,
and
literally
one
man
was
controlling
these
people.
He
would
have
a
system
master
and
some
of
the
largest
workhouses
workhouses,
but
there
might
be
just
a
porter,
a
school
mistress,
a
nurse
and
you
know
possibly
a
clerk
or
a
priest
on
site,
but
this
guy
was
in
charge
and
and
most
of
them,
if
not
all,
ruled
about
a
kind
of
an
iron
fist
so
put
on
the
workhouse
was
built
in
1852,
one
of
the
later
work
houses.
B
The
earlier
workhouses
was
mentioned
was:
was
they
were
built
in
the
1840s
and
were
upstanding
in
the
time
of
the
family?
And
it
was
seen
then
that
more
were
needed
because
of
the
overcrowding
experience
during
the
farm
and
so
from
the
workers.
As
one
of
these
planar
designs
that
was
was
built,
there
was
30
of
them
built
in
some
of
the
smaller
towns
in
in
Ireland,
previously
put
the
poor
from
the
protomino
area.
B
Basically,
and
I
would
do
some
touring
as
well
or
tour
guides
to
a
tour
guiding,
but
to
be
honest,
I
I
found
the
The
Experience
quite
heavy
I'm,
a
very
kind
of
a
positive
character
and
and
happy-go-lucky
and
I
love,
history,
I,
I,
love
it
but
I
suppose
I
just
found
this
very
dark.
I
founded
anyone
that
was
visited
a
workhouse
or
maybe
a
mass
grave
from
the
time
of
the
famine
or
these
sites
that
are
associated
with
the
the
famine
and
such
suffering.
Or
you
know,
indeed
concentration
cramps.
B
B
The
one
thing
that
did
occur
to
me,
though,
was
that
the
tours
were
literally
about
the
dates
and
the
and
the
workout
system,
very
little
specifically
about
the
people
from
Potomac
workers,
because,
like
so
many
we
have
lost
our
records.
Even
though
our
workout
stands,
our
records
are
gone,
and
that
can
be
the
opposite
in
some
cases
that
there
are
cases
where
the
records
survive,
but
the
workhouses
are
gone.
B
So
protomina
is
open
to
the
public
as
as
a
kind
of
a
site.
Half
it
is,
has
is
developed
as
a
tourist
destination
and
for
me
yeah,
as
I
said,
I
was
going
to
leave
after
after
a
week,
but
before
I
left
I
had
one
kind
of
private
tour
on
my
own
to
all
the
buildings,
including
the
one
we're
looking
at
here
and
that's
the
boys
block
and
at
the
at
the
very
end
of
it
is
the
Master's
house,
and
it's
still
to
this
day,
known
as
Ogle's
house.
B
B
For
if
my,
if
the
master
was
a
first-rate
Protestant,
he
could
say
for
Mrs
Owens
that
she
was
a
right
good,
Catholic
and
the
building
at
the
back
is
a
known,
locally,
sent
molasses
college
and
something
I
found
the
fact
that
Ogle
was
appointed
and
as
Mrs
Owens
was
appointed
in
1850,
quite
strange
that
they
were
being
appointed
and
paid
for
two
years
previous
to
the
workhouse
being
open.
So
I
did
a
little
bit
of
digging
and
I
actually
found
that
at
the
back
of
this
building,
we're
looking
at
here
was
an
oldest.
B
So
to
find
the
ogles
and
my
I
had
one
huge
Advantage.
His
name
was
Olga
if
his
name
was
Kelly
or
horn
or
something
like
that
down
in
Galway,
I'd
have
been
lost
straight
away
before
I
even
started,
but
his
name
was
Ogle.
So
a
quick
look
at
Griffith's
valuation,
which
which
was
kind
of
a
a
evaluation
on
land
or
a
land
tax
in
the
1850s,
but
a
valuable
Source.
All
the
same.
A
quick
look
in
that
and
what
for
the?
The
organ
family
came
up
with
one
family
of
all?
B
Those
living
between
that
so
I
was
quite
excited.
I
said
you
know,
have
I
actually
found
where
they
came
from,
because
the
tradition
surrounding
organ
had
said
that
he
was
an
Englishman
and,
of
course
the
nobody
would
like
to
admit
that
he
was
actually
a
Galway
man
just
living
down
the
road.
It
was
easier
to
say
that
he
was,
he
was
an
Englishman
and
dismissed.
The
dismissal
dismiss
them
away
has
not
been
one
of
her
own,
but
in
fact
he
was
and
what
was
important.
B
Then,
when
I
went
and
found,
the
baptismal
records
in
the
local
church
was
in
1824
Jonathan,
Orwell
and
Jane
Campion
gave
birth
to
son.
Henry
I
didn't
found
the
house
a
contact
farmer
and
found
the
house
where
the
older
family
had
grown
up
and
I
said:
I
stood
in
the
in
the
house
and
went
to
visit
it,
and
so
literally
I
had
the
start
of
the
story
where
Henry
Ogle
was
more
than
likely,
born
and
definitely
reared,
and
then
in
the
bottom
left-hand
Corner.
B
We
have
Saint
Matthew's
cemetery
in
glan,
where,
where
the
family
plot
is
but
Henry
Ogle
was
not
with
them
and
just
a
little
interesting
side
note,
there
is
a
headstone
in
that
graveyard
for
the
Warwick
family
and
spelled
differently
than
what
the
Rocks
would
be
spelled
locally
r-o-r-k-e
and
one
of
those
guys
went
to
Africa
and
a
place
was
named
after
him
called
rorkstrift.
So
the
historians
online
will
will
recognize
that
as
the
site
of
the
that
famous
battle
with
the
British
Army
and
the
Zulu
was
just
a
little
side.
B
Snippers
I
then
was
very
lucky
to
find
that
there
was
still
one
organ
family
living
in
the
area
that
man
we're
looking
at
here
beside
me.
That's
me
on
the
left
and
in
the
middle
there
is
Jimmy
Ogle,
so
Jimmy
passed
away
last
last
year,
unfortunately,
and
I
suppose
I'd
like
to
dedicate
this
talk
to
Jimmy,
because
he
was
a
great
and
very
welcoming
and
I
taught
him.
B
The
story
of
Henry
Ogle
and
you
know
I-
was
tiptoeing
around
the
fact
that
he's
his
ancestor
was
a
bit
of
a
black
sheep
and
didn't
seem
to
bother
Jenny,
but
Jimmy
gave
me
lots
of
help.
He
produced
his
picture
on
the
on
the
on
the
opposite
side
of
his
great-grand
uncle.
Now
this
was
a
nephew
of
Henry
Ogle,
but
you
can
almost
see
the
resemblance
between
Jimmy
and
this
guy.
B
So
we
were
kind
of
trying
to
build
a
picture
of
what
Henry
Ober
looked
like,
because
today,
I
have
failed
to
find
a
photograph
of
Henry
Ogle,
but
he
like
I'm
I'm
five
foot.
Eleven
Jimmy's
is
a
good
six
foot
there
and
he
was
well
in
his
70s,
so
I'm
I'm,
guessing
that
these
were
from
kind
of
you
know
strong
stock,
as
would
have
been
suggested
earlier
on
that
these
workplace
Masters
were
big,
strong
characters.
B
So
next
I
found
that
Henry
organ
had
actually
married
Jane
Mary
Jane
Duffy
in
January
1862,
when
her
occupation
was
matron
of
the
workhouse
and
that
corrected
some
false
information
that
we
had
understood
to
this
point
that
it
had
said
that
Henry
Albert
was
married
to
the
matron
Mrs
Owens,
who
came
from
Valencia
Witten.
But
of
course,
if
we
look
at
that
more
closely,
Mrs
Owens
was
more
than
likely
married
to
Mr
Owens,
so
Henry
organ
Protestant
marries
Mary
Jane
Duffy
Catholic
in
1862.
they
have
three
children.
B
This
is
a
snipper
from
the
London
illustrator
times
referring
to
proton
the
workhouse
in
1864..
They
say
such
is
the
insight
into
which
we
are
favored
into
the
working
of
the
poor
law
of
our
sister
country.
We
talked
about
enough
on
our
own,
but
it
seems
that
White,
Chapel
or
betnel
green
may
be
reckoned
a
Paradise
by
comparison.
B
Now,
that's
a
pretty
dumb
and
a
report
from
the
London
illustrator
times,
because
these
two
workhouses
have
wiped
up
and
bethnal
green
are
two
of
the
most
notorious
workhouses
in
in
the
UK
and
all
sorts
of
you
know.
Terrible
stories
are
coming
from
them,
but
they're
actually
saying
in
in
this
snippet
here
the
protomino
workhouse
is
the
worst
of
all
the
workhouses
in
the
UK
and
Ireland
in
1864,
and
why
well?
B
B
B
B
Is
brought
to
the
doors
of
the
workhouse
by
by
his
mother,
Mary
she's
refused
admission
to
the
workers
because
she
doesn't
have
relieving
officer's
ticket.
Anyone
who
enters
the
workhouse
is
supposed
to
have
a
ticket
from
the
relieving
officer,
but
she
couldn't
get
one
because
it
was
the
weekend
and
he
was
away.
B
So
she
goes
to
the
union
doctor
and
Dr
coats
and
again
she's
turned
away,
so
she
has
no
choice
but
to
to
go
back
to
her
house
or
shed
she's
actually
living
in
a
shed
in
somebody's
Garden
conditions
in
the
shed
are
absolutely
horrendous
and
the
little
boy
dies.
The
coroner's
report
in
1864
says
that
the
child
had
died
for
the
want
of
the
common
necessities
of
life
when
she's
asked.
Why
did
she
come
to
the
poor
house
or
the
workhouse
earlier?
Mary
Howard
replies
artistically.
You
know
what
a
poor
house
is.
B
It
is
the
last
shift
for
the
poor
to
go
to
the
workhouse,
so
she's,
basically
saying
if
she
had
went
to
the
workhouse
earlier.
She
would
have
died
anyway,
because
conditions
were
so
bad
and
in
there
and
look
at
they
were
bad
all
over
the
country,
but
protomina
as
as
as
seen
here
is
one
of
the
worst.
B
You
know,
conditions
or
absolutely
you
know,
horrendous
mortality
rate
is,
is
extremely
high
and
she's,
seeing
it
here
as
well,
and
it's
one
of
the
the
saddest
stories
of
of
the
whole
period
under
under
Henry
over
another
tragic
story
is
Katie
Kelly
and
Richard
Grimes.
They
both
die
a
protona
on
in
January,
1865
and
I'm,
going
to
read
a
newspaper,
a
letter
that
was
sent
into
the
newspaper
by
Father,
Patrick
Dunn
and
the
man
that
had
actually
baptized
Henry,
all
those
daughter
just
a
couple
of
years
previous.
B
So
it's
protomina,
the
10th
of
January
1865.,
gentlemen
I
wrote
to
you
on
the
third
instance
informing
you
that
two
poor
women
were
carted
to
the
predominant
workouts
on
the
28th
of
December
last
a
cold
across
today
without
any
covering
except
their
own
clause,
and
that
one
of
them,
Kitty,
Kelly,
70
years
of
age,
died
on.
The
second
I
have
now
informed
you
that
the
other
poor
woman
named
Bridget
Grimes
died
between
eight
and
nine
o'clock
AM
today.
B
If
there
was
no
other
attention
paired
to
this
report,
except
that
what
was
paid
to
that
and
the
third
instance
I
should
feel
constrained
in
the
entrance
of
interest
of
the
poor
to
appeal
to
the
public
press
for
protection
to
prove
to
you
the
necessity
of
taking
notice
of
these
two
cases.
I
may
tell
you
I,
also
remember
a
young
girl
who
was
carted
to
the
protomino
poor
house
for
several
miles.
B
B
Your
obedient
servant
Patrick
it's
on
CC,
so
what
Donald
is
is
edginat
here
and
it's
it's
reported
in
in
other
letters
and
again
there's
an
inquisition
to
this
that
these
two
women
were
sinful
by
the
hospital
ambulance,
which
was,
of
course
it
should
have
been
a
horse
and
trap,
but
it
is
said
that
Henry
Olga
would
not
pay
for
a
horse
that
it
was
too
expensive
to
field
feed.
So
he
had
a
donkey
in
trap.
B
So
by
the
time
that
the
donkey
and
track
got
out
to
these
women,
who
could
have
been
up
to
10
miles
away
and
they
were
they
never
brought
blankets.
He
really
wouldn't
pay
for
blankets
to
be
sent
out.
These
woman
women
literally
died
of
of
exposure,
and
they
were
asked
themselves
why
they
left
it
so
late
or
when
one
of
them
was
actually
alive
when
she
came
in
for
a
while
that
she
was
asked.
B
B
Father
John
Lennon
created
a
huge
store.
Basically
he
wasn't
afraid
to
kind
of
report
what
was
going
on
into
the
into
the
workhouse
it
it
was
making
the
newspapers
in
England
and
and
the
Liverpool
Daily
Post
on
the
26th
of
July
1864.
It
met
the
front
page
and
the
headline
was
the
reason
why
people
are
immigrating
for
Ireland
from
Ireland
and
for
me,
one
of
the
biggest
reasons
why
people
are
immigrating
from
from
Ireland
by
so
many
people.
B
Now,
of
course,
they
needed
some
sort
of
Passage,
but
to
be
prepared
for
them,
be
it
be
it
assisted
passage
or
be
it
remittance
from
somebody
who
had
already
met
it
over
to
to
America,
but
nobody
wanted
to
go
into
the
to
the
work
of
Stephanie
by
by
their
own
choice.
It
says
that
last
week
an
investigation
took
place
in
the
boardroom
into
a
charge
met
by
a
priest
as
to
the
Badness
and
deficiency
of
food
supply
to
The
Paupers.
B
Some
miserable
creatures
were
produced
as
Witnesses,
but
is
it
unnecessary
to
record
their
depth
positions
because
the
infinite
of
the
system
is
indicated
into
evidence
for
the
defense
Mrs
kavana,
the
head
north
Smith
tea
for
the
patients
and
it
could
not
have
been
very
difficult
to
make
for
a
gallon,
was
poured.
A
gallon
of
water
was
poured
in
an
ounce
of
tea.
Incredible
but
true,
when
asked,
if
she
drank
that
tea
herself,
she
was
started
and
and
replied:
oh
God,
no,
so
Patrick
Father,
Patrick
Donald
one
who
hates
oppression.
B
So
in
his
initial
letters,
Father
Patrick
Donald
signed
off
as
one
who
hates
oppression.
Eventually,
everybody
knew
in
the
area.
Who
was
writing
these
letters,
so
he
just
signed
himself
as
Father
Patrick
Donald
CC,
as
I
mentioned
earlier.
He
was
not
afraid
of
you
know
blowing
the
whistle
of
what
was
going
on
in
in
the
workhouse.
Now
I'm
not
saying
to
return,
the
workhouse
was
the
worst
of
all
workers.
B
At
that
time
there
was
probably,
as
many
you
know,
as
bad,
if
not
worse,
but
a
workhouse
needs
a
whistleblower,
the
famous
George
catch
who
inspired
Charles
Dickens
from
strand
during
workhouse.
There
was
a
whistleblower
I,
forget,
Dr,
Rogers
I
think
blew
the
whistle
on
what
was
happening
in
strand
Union
Workhouse.
B
It
was
the
same
in
Andover
in
England,
Colin
McDougall,
that
famous
case
in
Andover,
where
the
inmates
were
actually
eating
the
the
kind
of
marrow,
the
rushing
marrow
from
the
bones
that
they
were
supposed
to
be
grinding
down
for
fertilizer.
There
was
a
whistleblower
there.
One
of
the
board
of
Guardian
members
blew
the
whistling
of
what
was
happening
there.
This
stuff
was
going
on
all
over
the
the
country
in
the
UK
and
Ireland,
but
it
took
somebody
brave
enough
to
to
blow
the
whistle
donlin
had
grown
up
in
the
in
the
Irish
famine.
B
He
had
seen
the
horrors
of
it.
He
was
from
County
Galway,
not
far
Union
and
he
went
to
join
the
missions.
So
he
went
to
All
Hallows
in
drumcondra
and
their
motto
was
to
go
teach
All,
Nations
and
just
to
explain
I
suppose
how
their
life
was.
Have
some
Snippets
here,
and
it
says
life
was
extremely
difficult
for
these
young
missionary
priests
and
the
huge
spaces
of
North,
America
and
Australia.
B
The
priests
were
badly
housed
and
badly
cared
for
and
were
forced
to
cope
with
the
heat
and
cold
foreign
climb,
while
traveling
vast
distances
on
Horseback
over
dirt
roads
to
minister
to
their
impoverished
flocks.
Few
of
them
lived
long
enough
to
reach
middle
age,
together
with
the
Sisters
of
Mercy,
to
perform
violent
Services
amongst
the
sick
and
wounded
soldiers
of
both
sides
of
the
battlefield
and
in
the
various
camps
and
hospitals.
B
Father
Donald
had
went
to
Virginia
Fairfax
Virginia
and
he
had
now
got
caught
open
the
American
Civil
War
his
church
was
Saint
Mary's
church
and
it
says
here
was
one
of
those
repurposed
churches
operated
as
a
hospital
or
field
hospital
and
was
described
by
his
Bishop
Bishop
McGill.
It's
he
says
the
floors
and
walls
of
Saint
Mary's
Church
Fredericksburg,
were
literally
be
splattered,
with
the
blood
of
the
wounded
and
dying
soldiers
brought
there
for
hospital
treatment.
B
So
eventually
I've
only
covered
a
few,
but
there
was
numerous
inquests
and
inquiries.
Ogle
keeps
getting
away
with
a
slap
on
the
knuckles
I'm,
convinced
that
he
had
strong
connections
locally
in
in
the
kind
of
hierarchy.
I
did
find
after
I
I
printed
my
book
that
he
was
actually
a
Freemason
which
again
would
kind
of
cement
that
that
theory,
because
he
he
was
never
really
pulled
in
for
what
he
had
done.
But
all
this
pressure
literally
paid
its
pay,
you
know,
took
it
took
its
toll
on
it.
B
This
is
a
timeline
up
to
the
up
to
the
point
where
he
actually
absconds,
because
the
master
of
automatic
workouts
famously
absconded
in
June
1865.
on
May,
the
17th.
The
board
met
to
discuss
dissolving
the
union.
So
so
it's
possible
that
autumnal
workers,
union
or
predominantly
Union
poorly
Union,
could
have
been
dissolved.
Then
all
the
books
would
have
have
to
be
shown
and
closed.
B
So
it
strongly
suggested
that
Henry
Albert
was
fiddling
the
books
and
probably
had
been
doing
it
for
for
the
time
that
he
had
the
eight
years
that
he
had
been
bought,
Clerk
and
workless
Master
that
he
was
skimming
that
he
was.
He
was
supposed
to
be
buying
in
proper
quality
food.
He
wasn't.
He
was
buying
in
this
blue
moldy
food
that
was
literally
been
being
skipped
and
and
dumped
before
the
four
of
our
commissioners.
Could
see
it
the
hospital?
B
You
know
these
are
some
of
the
conditions
that
fought
or
Donna
talks
about
the
hospital
had
a
high
mortality
rate
because
he
reckons
the
beds
were
in
dirty,
wet
conditions
that
were
called
filthy
and
down.
The
food
was
Dreadful.
The
bread
was
hard
and
moldy
Kitty
Martin
told
him
that
her
invalid
daughter
could
not
eat
the
food
and
they
would
they
would
leave
the
workhouse
and
try
and
survive
on
the
outside
and
buries
alone.
Henry
organ
had
actually
dumped
a
cart
load
of
blue
molded
bread
before
the
Commissioners
could
see
it.
B
John
Howard
another
inmate,
told
father
johnland
that
he
was
so
thirsty
that
he
resorted
to
drink
in
his
own
urine
when
asked
by
Howard
was
left
the
workers
with
no
shirt
on
his
back.
Henryola
replied.
Well,
he
did
not
enter
with.
One
purpose
were
also
regularly
placed
in
solitary
confinement,
strategically
placed
beside
the
own
empty
Cesspool
unempted
cess
codes,
where
the
stench
was
overbearing.
So
every
little
every
little
thing
that
henriola
could
do
to
save
money
and
possibly
possibly
put
money
away.
B
If
he
was
feeding
more
poppers,
the
board
met
to
receive
and
consider
tenders
to
build
an
infirmary
kitchen
and
again
the
tenders
would
have
been
brought
in
and
they
kind
of
sealed
envelopes
from
the
local
Builders
oftentimes.
They
would
be.
You
know,
accompanied
by
inverter,
come
as
a
brown
envelope,
or
maybe
some
cash
to
ensure
that
they
would
get
the
job,
so
that
was
the
last
act
Orville
had
before
he
absconded
now.
A
very
interesting
thing
happened
here.
We
see
on
June
the
4th
David
Breen.
B
For
the
murder
of
the
infant
found
in
the
retiring
room
or
toilet
on
Wednesday
last,
it
appears
that
on
the
night
of
Thursday
the
day
after
the
lasting
Quest
was
held,
the
master
revealed
to
his
wife
that
he
carried
out
an
illicit
intercourse
with
miston
and
the
said
result
of
her
becoming
pregnant
by
him.
So
don't
forget
that
Henry
Olga
was
the
former
assistant
master
of
boundless
law
workhouse.
B
B
This
is
the
famous
newspaper
clip
and
that's
all
we
had
that
this
is
all
we
were
aware
of
of
what
had
happened
to
him,
and
it
says
the
mysterious
disappearance
of
the
master
of
Port
from
the
workhouse
Mr
Henry
Ogle.
For
many
years.
The
clerk
of
the
union
and
master
of
the
workhouse
of
protomna
has
absconded
in
a
most
mysterious
manner.
On
Thursday
morning
last,
he
took
a
car
at
the
hotel
and
drove
to
Burke,
where
he
discharged
the
car
and
nothing
more
was.
A
B
While
it
is
said
in
that
a
newspaper
statement
that
you
know
the
accounts
are
in
order,
not
so
long
after
that
point,
it
is
said
in
another
newspaper
clipping
that
the
workhouse
encounter
in
the
most
unsettled
State.
Another
newspaper
runs
with
the
line
that
the
workers
that
the
master
of
terminal
workers
has
taken
French
leave,
but
there's
very
other
ministers,
there's
an
almost
a
silence,
almost
an
eerie
silence
about
Henry
Ogle.
What
has
happened?
B
There's
one
new
little
clip
to
say
that
his
wife
was
suspended
from
her
role
was
then
taken
back
on
when
they're
happy
that
she
had
nothing
to
do
with
his
departure,
and
it
is
seen
it
seems
that
Henry
Ogle
has
actually
left
the
workhouse
high
and
dry.
The
accounts
are
literally
cleared
out
and
he
has
left
his
wife
with
three
small
children
to
to
to
to
to
look
after
and
he's
abandoned
her.
B
So
where
did
Henry
Ogle
go
so
for
me
this
was
the
biggest
part
of
the
story
if
we
could
just
find
where
he
where
he
left
so
the
first
thing
I
I
went
back
to
was
that
newspaper
clipping
to
see?
Was
there
a
clue
when
there-
and
there
was
a
big
clue
in
there?
Of
course,
it
said
the
Liverpool
postmark
now
Henry
holder
was
obviously
a
clever
individual.
He
wasn't
going
to
stay
in
Liverpool
if
he
did,
the
police
would
have
picked
him
up
pretty
much
straight
away.
B
So
by
the
time
he
had
posted
this
letter,
I
presumed
that
he
was.
He
was
on
his
way.
Obviously
Liverpool
is
a
major
shipping
town
city.
So,
where
do
you
go
in
1865?
If
you
got
money
in
your
pocket
and
you
you
want
to
get
away
so,
of
course
we
guessed
America.
If
you're
going
to
America,
we
guess
New,
York
or
Boston.
B
New
York
was
the
first
guess
so
A
quick
search
on
Ancestry
and
we
got
the
shipping
records
and
found
a
week
after
Henry
Olga
left
The,
Pretender
workhouse
and
there
was
a
Henry
Ogle
is
35
the
same
age
on
a
boat
called
the
city
of
Manchester,
his
occupation
in
Alberta
commas,
a
Shoemaker.
Could
this
possibly
be
our
Henry
Ogle
I
I
strongly
believed
it
was
as
a
research.
B
Sometimes
you
get
a
hunch
that
you're
on
the
right
track
and
I
was
pretty
much
convinced
it
was
so
Henry
Ogle
had
he
escaped
to
New
York
City.
So
what
I
needed
to
do
then
was
was
check
the
the
census
in
stock
in
New
York,
but
before
we
did
that
we
found
out
that
Henry
Henry's
wife,
Mary
Jane,
had
also
entered
through
Castle
Gardens
on
January.
The
1st
1866.
there's
nothing
in
the
newspapers
about
this
either.
So
this
seems
to
have
been
pre-ranged.
Obviously,
it
was
true
to
his
word.
B
He
had
wrote
a
letter
back
to
his
wife
and
she
makes
her
way
over
to
New
York.
Interestingly,
when
we
see
the
the
shipping
record,
there's
a
Peter,
Durbin
waiter,
there's
a
Anan
Duffy
with
her
don't
forget
her
maiden
name
is
Duffy
and
there
appears
to
be
a
woman
in
the
middle
as
well.
Bridget
Conway.
These
are
all
Galway
names.
B
He
made
his
way
back
to
Virginia
and
it's
reported
in
the
Fredericksburg
letter
that
the
regret
to
say
that
the
overpowering
intensity
of
the
heat
spot
or
Patrick
Donald
and
the
priest
in
charge
of
the
Catholic
church
in
this
space
has
fallen
victim.
Basically,
father
Dunham
was
on
on
a
boat
called
the
Vanderbilt,
as
we
see
it
there
on
the
on
the
left-hand
side
and
he
was
making
his
way
from
one
parachute
to
another
when
he
succumbed
to
literally
heat
exhaustion,
and
he
was
only
36
years
old.
B
It
was
actually
harder
to
find
Patrick
dunlan
than
where
he
came
from
and
where
he
ended
up,
then
Dan
Henry,
all
with
the
leader
or
not,
but
we
finally
found
his
headstone
in
Virginia,
and
this
is
a
project
that
we're
working
on
with
the
the
order
of
ancient
Hibernians
I.
Think
in
Virginia,
who
were
hoping
to
get
the
stone
resurrected
in
his
memory,
because
undoubtedly
Father
Patrick
donland
has
saved
many
lives
in
protomenal
workers
with
his
intervention,
so
radiation.
B
We
find
Henry
Ogle
is
now
living
in
lower
Manhattan,
possibly
the
Poor
Side
of
of
Manhattan
and
a
large
Irish
area
he's
working
as
a
Kirkland
store.
His
wife
is
there
Mary
Jane
Keeper
of
the
house.
The
tree
children
are
there
and
on
the
bottom
we
have
Edward
Durbin,
as
I
mentioned,
who
came
on
the
boat
was
Mary
Mary
Jane
and
he's
also
working
as
a
clerking
store.
So
it
appears
that
Henry
is
is
doing
what
he
looks
best
and
again
he's
handling
cash,
the
1880
census.
B
Then
we
also
find
Henry
Ogle
and
we
find
Mary
and
we
find
John.
What
Henry
Jr
is
is
missing
from
this
one
and
that
kind
of
raised
my
my
eyebrow
on
that
one.
So
we'll
we'll
deal
with
it
in
a
couple
of
minutes.
At
this
stage,
Henry
Ogle
has
moved
further
up
into
Midtown
Manhattan
he's
living
in
one
of
these
Brownstone
houses
for
us.
B
As
far
as
grown
up
we've,
maybe
recognized
one
of
these
houses
and
a
show
like
The
Cosby,
Show
I
didn't
notice
until
I
made
my
way
to
New
York.
You
know
these.
This
was
the
the
kind
of
the
the
rich
part
of
New
York
and
Henry
Orville
had
literally
made
his
way
up
from
from
Lower
East
Side
Manhattan
right
right.
All
the
way
up
into
the
into
the
center
of
town.
B
B
It
says
that
disease
was
rampant
in
the
tenements
tenant
houses
were
nests
of
fever,
infection
and
The
Poisoned
abodes
of
physical
Decay
and
in
1865
a
report
questioned
that
the
entire
tournament
house
population
was
devastated
by
the
domestic
petulances
and
infectious
academic
epidemics
that
arise
from
overcrowding
and
uncleanliness
and
I
feel
that
that
what
led
to
Henry,
almost
downfall
as
we
will
find
out
now
in
1877,
Henry
Orville
and
Mary
Jane
lose
their
child.
Henry.
Remember
I
mentioned
the
previous
slides
that
he
he
was
meant.
He
was
missing
from
the
1880s
census.
B
So
we
started
researching
a
friend
of
mine,
Diane
Russo
carpoz,
which
in
America
helped
me
out
with
a
lot
of
other
stuff
in
New,
York
City,
where
I
couldn't
get
to,
and
she
found
this
death
record
for
young
Henry
who
passed
away
at
the
age
of
12..
So,
even
though
the
ogles
were
moving
up
into
Midtown
Manhattan
and
he
was
working
away
and
probably
comfortable
dealing
in
a
cast
job
again,
they
wanted
they
were.
B
We
could
say
they
were
living
the
American
dream,
but
then
their
their
fortunes
start
to
start
to
turn
and
they
lose
their
their
child.
Henry
we
lose
the
ogles,
then
in
history
the
the
sources
go
dry.
We
can't
find
them.
There's
I
think
the
the
1890
census,
if
I'm
not
wrong
or
destroyed
in
New
York,
but
we
lost
them
and
there
was
nothing.
There
was
no
Trail.
The
paper
trail
would
try.
So
we
thought
that
was
the
end
of
the
story.
B
These
guys
call
the
cabiners,
obviously
Irish
Undertakers
break
the
picket
and
basically
decide
that
they're
going
to
you
know,
work
the
funerals.
So
it
gives
the
address
of
the
where
they're
living,
where
the
organs
are
living
and
they
talk
about
bringing
the
the
coffin
to
Center
Agnes's
Church
on
45th
Street
in
in
New
York.
B
So
when
this
happens,
there's
almost
a
rise
with
the
picketing
funeral
workers,
so
the
people
in
in
New
York
it's
it's
kind
of
rush
hour
at
the
time
they
realize
what's
happening
and
they
actually
come
out
and
protect
the
funeral
good
house
and
that's
why
it
enters
into
the
newspapers
an
extraordinary
funeral.
But
what
it
does
for
us
is.
It
gives
us
an
address
where
they
were
living
in
in
1906.
B
It
gives
us
the
church
where
the
funeral
was
held.
Don't
forget,
Mary
Jane
was
a
was
a
Catholic,
but
crucially
it
says
that
Mrs
Ogle,
the
body
of
Mrs
Ogle,
was
sent
to
Woodlands
symmetry
over
the
New
York
Central
Railway.
When
the
body
leaves
the
church.
The
people
outside
do
up
to
a
thousand
people,
follow
the
Cartage
and
protect
it
from
the
pictures
and
see
her
off
on
the
on
the
the
train.
But,
most
importantly
for
us,
it
points
us
to
Woodland
Cemetery.
Now,
Henry
Ogle
was
a
Protestant.
B
B
B
B
What
caught
me
I
was
a
baptismal
font
in
in
the
corner
as
well
and
another
little
side
snippet.
It
said
that
this
baptismal
font,
the
Irish
Patriot,
came
into
Valerio
de
Valero,
was
baptized
on
December
3rd
1882,
another
snippet,
so
we
made
our
way
to
Woodlawn
Cemetery
to
see,
could
we
finally
catch
ketchup
with
the
notorious
workhouse,
Master,
Henry,
Ogle
and
finish
our
story,
and
here
I
have
Diane
and
standing
beside
a
grave
slab.
B
She
had
actually
found
the
The
Headstone
for
me
and
sent
back
a
video
to
us
in
Crotona,
and
there
was
great
excitement
that
day
in
in
the
work
of
Swindell
and
I,
opened
this
video
and
we
waited
for
all
the
staff
to
come
in,
and
it
was
quite
strange,
a
quite
strange
feeling
being
there
I
had
found
him.
I
had
found
his
wife,
Mary
Jane
was
buried
with
him.
B
Henry
had
died
on
April,
9,
1896
age,
65
years
old,
and
for
me
this
was
the
end
of
the
story
and
quite
a
fitting
end
that
we
had.
Actually,
you
know,
found
where
he
came
from
and
found.
You
know
where
he
ended
up
and
if
you
see
the
little
grave
slab
you'll
see
a
tiny
little
red
arrow
pointed
there
a
little
Stone
when
I
went
to
the
work
when
I
went
to
his
Graves
site,
I
wanted
to
bring
something
from
Baton
there.
B
B
Well,
it
was
remarkable.
It
was
when
we
found
again
thanks
to
Ayan.
We
found
the
death
records
of
Henry
Ogle
who's
mistakenly
called
Andrew
in
one
part,
but
then
it
confirms
he's
Henry
Henry,
on
the
other
part,
he's
65
years
old,
he's
white
he's
married
he's
a
collector
as
occupation
he's
from
Ireland
32
years
in
New,
York
City
Jonathan
is
his
father
and
Jane
is
his
mother
and
gives
his
address,
and
it
says
he
dies
from
acute
dysentery
and
senile
dementia.
B
So,
quite
a
rough
end,
if
we,
if
we,
if
we're
familiar
with
those
diseases,
that
they're
they're
quite
rough
and
I,
mentioned
that
possibly
working
in
the
tenements
was
his
downfall.
Possibly
he
picked
up
dysentery
working
in
the
in
the
tenements
because
it
would
have
been
rampant
in
the
tournaments
at
those
times
and
they
say
that
in
the
research
I've
done
that
you
know,
chronic
dysentery
can
actually
cause
bring
on
dementia.
So
it's
possibly.
B
This
is
what
was
his
downfall,
but
it
says
his
place
of
death
was
Manhattan
State
Hospital
on
Morris
Island,
so
just
to
get
a
kind
of
a
photograph
I
suppose
of
where
he
died
and
can
maybe
finish
his
story.
There
I
just
Googled
the
hospital
and
I
came
up
with
this-
that
it
was
the
New
York
Asylum
for
the
insane,
so
Henry
Alden
had
actually
died
in
an
asylum
for
the
insane
Awards
Island
in
New
York.
B
To
get
an
idea
of
what
conditions
were
like
in
one
of
these
asylums.
I
bought
a
book
called
10
days
at
the
madhouse
by
Nelly
Bly,
and
this
is
when
a
few
coincidences
started
kind
of
coming.
True.
This
was
a
very
strange
story.
It
literally
unfolded
right
in
front
of
me.
Nelly
Bly
is
literally
buried.
You
know
a
couple
of
meters
from
Henry
Ogle.
She
was
a
journalist
and
investigative
journalist
and
she
tricked
her
way
into
one
of
these
asylums
around
the
time
Henry
Ogle
died
in
in
on
Morris
Island.
B
Another
on
my
slide,
sorry,
the
following
are
some
of
the
accounts
given
by
Nelly
Bly
on
baiting
day
at
the
top
is
filled
with
water,
and
the
patients
are
washed
one
after
another,
without
change
water.
This
is
done
until
the
water
is
thick
and
then
is
allowed
to
run
out,
and
the
tube
is
refilled
without
being
washed.
The
patients
who
are
not
able
to
take
care
of
themselves
get
into
beastly
conditions
and
the
nurses
never
look
after
them,
but
order
some
of
the
patients
to
do
so.
B
After
breaking
a
window,
I
was
transferred
to
the
lodge
the
worst
place
on
the
island.
It
is
dreadfully
in
there
and
there's
the
stenches
off
within
this
somewhere,
the
Flies
swarm
the
place.
The
food
is
worse
than
we
get,
in
other
words,
and
we
are
given
10
plates
when
we
got
into
the
dining
room.
At
least
we
found
a
bowl
of
quality,
a
slice
of
butter,
bread
and
a
saucerer
of
goat
milk
with
molasses
on
it,
for
each
patient
I
was
hungry,
but
the
food
would
not
go
down.
B
The
bread
was
hard
in
places
and
in
places
nothing
more
than
dried
dough.
I
found
a
spider
in
my
slice,
so
I
did
not
eat
it.
I
tried
the
the
Molasses,
the
oatmeal
and
molasses,
but
it
was
raptured.
I
I
can't
read
the
the
rest
of
the
line
there,
but
you
can
see
what
I'm
I'm
getting
at
here.
These
are
literally
almost
like.
You
know,
they're
pretty
much
the
same
words
as
Father
Patrick
Donna
was
reporting
from
the
workhouse
in
the
time
of
Henry
Ogle.
B
B
It
is
still
Ward's
Island
and
still
is
a
psychiatric
hospital.
I
couldn't
take
a
photograph
of
it,
but
this
is
a
photograph
I
just
took
of
the
barrier
that
separates
people
from
the
outside
from
the
outside
world
and
it
kind
of
symbolizes
just
what
these
institutions
are
are
like,
even
even
nowadays
so.
B
Comes
to
an
end
in
New,
York
City
Henry
Olga
had
died.
You
know
a
an
awful
debt
really
in
in
a
mental
Asylum.
Mary
Jane
had
died
in
in
1906,
and
you
know,
and
had
an
extraordinary
funeral
young
Henry
had
died
in
1877.
He
was
12
years
old
Maria
had
got
married,
but
the
marriage
broke
down
and
she
had
no
children
and
then
John
Thomas,
who
also
became
a
worker.
He
was
an
inspector
in
the
tournaments
he
married
twice
and
had
three.
B
If
not
four
children
and
all
those
children
died
in
infancy.
So
the
the
oldest
story
came
to
an
end,
eventually
in
New
York
City,
so
just
a
quote
from
Galatians
6.7,
whatever
a
man
thought
that
he
shall
also
reap
now.
If
you
will
enjoy
this
story-
and
you
want
to
hear
more,
there
is
a
link
here
on
the
Galway
Bay
FM
website.
B
So
I
have
the
links
here
and
it's
basically
a
radio
documentary
that
was
done
on
this
and
it's
a
two-hour
two
parts
one
hour
on
each
part
done
by
seliam
Barrett,
and
it
was
shortlisted
for
an
emerald.
Basically,
the
national
Radio
awards
in
2020,
and
it
just
if
anybody
is
interested
in
hearing
more
of
the
story.
You'll
find
it
there
and
I
just
want
to
say.
Thank
you
very
much
and
that's
the
end.
Foreign.
A
A
B
A
very
friendly
gentleman
down
from
the
north
of
Ireland.
He
was
a
minister
for
a
tour
I
think
last
year
and
he
informed
me
that
the
name
all
well,
you
know
and
I
was
aware
that
there
was
a
town
in
in
the
north
of
England
called
Ogle,
but
he
reckons
that
there
were
border
rivers
that
there
were
Raiders
that
they
would
raid
into
Scotland,
and
so
they
were
kind
of
notorious
clan
of
I
want
civilians,
but
there
were
there
were
there
were
tough
cookies.
A
B
B
Because
they
were
one
of
one
of
the
laser
workouts,
so
some
of
our
buildings
that
are
missing
sometimes
we
we
refer
to
bonboy
for
photographs,
I,
don't
think
Bombay
is
open
to
the
public.
At
the
moment,
Donna
Moore
is
probably,
and
it's
a
there's,
an
agricultural
Museum
there
as
well
in
English
and
the
one
in
dunamore
and
we'll
be
open
ourselves
from
the
first
of
March
this
year.
If
anybody
wants
to
come
down
for
a
trip.
A
B
B
There
are,
there
is
a
good
Society
there
in
Mount,
belu,
so
I'm
sure
they'd
have
the
records
now,
there's
also
on
on
in
goal
with
golu
County
Council
website.
They
have
some
of
the
records
for
some
of
the
workhouses
as
well
in
County.
Always
so
definitely
Whoever
has
the
query.
They
should
start
googling
and
they
should
be
able
to
get
some
information
there.
B
A
Won't
be
happy
with
me.
Maybe
this
is
oval
country
up
here.
You
know
so
I'm
just
running
through
the
questions
here.
Sorry,
if
I
missed,
there's
a
lot
of
comments
that
people
have
enjoyed
the
presentation.
Thank
you
very
much.
David
a
fascinating
story,
someone's
actually
someone's
in
here
I,
worked
in
protomina
for
a
couple
of
years
in
the
90s
and
at
the
time
the
workhouse
history
was
never
mentioned.
It's
from
John
who's
in
the
chat.
What
I'm
sorry
I'm
just
trying
to
get
the
message
up.
A
Apologies
just
burf
me
everyone
for
a
moment
trying
to
just
read
this.
This
is
just
disappearing
on
me,
but
the
workers
history's
never
mentioned,
but
why
was
britomnia
picked
as
a
location
for
a
workhouse
given
its
small
size?
I
would
imagine,
though,
though,
going
back,
this
is
going
back
to
kind
of
famine
times
we
have
to
remember.
The
population
on
the
island
was
very
dense.
B
What
was
what
was
wrong
was
the
people
in
bertona
area
and
surrounding
area
that
eventually
came
to
perform
the
polar
Union.
They
were
going
to
workhouses
in
loughrea
and
balanced
law
which
were
overflowing.
So
you
know
that's
what
that
was
happening
in
in
some
of
the
bigger
workhouses.
So
there
was
a
need
for
smaller
workhouses.
Then
in
smaller
towns
like
otoma
and
don't
forget,
when
it
opened
in
1860
to
1852,
there
was
more
than
300
people.
You
know
it
was.
A
Are
there
aren't
any
other
questions
that
I
can
see,
but
David?
Thank
you
very
much.
Certainly
I
think
everybody
would
a
lot
of
a
lot
of
us
will
listen
to
the
podcast
and
I'll
certainly
send
out
that
link,
and
hopefully
your
talk
tonight
about
Mr
Ogle
will
kind
of
maybe
spur
a
little
bit
more
interest
into
the
other,
maybe
kind
of
the
people
that
were
behind.
In
the
background
of
these
facilities.
B
Okay,
I
suppose
I'll
just
finish
on
that,
as
I
said,
as
you
mentioned
earlier,
on,
I've
studied
public
history
and
and
ul
and
public
history
is
just
making
history
a
little
bit
more
accessible
to
kind
of
everybody.
So
you
know,
reading
history
in
an
academic
book
might
be
everybody's
cup
of
tea.
So
indeed,
what
we're
doing
here
tonight
is
public
history.
B
You
know
bringing
it
to
to
people
and
making
it
more
accessible
to
people
across
the
seas
and
and
making
it
a
little
bit
more
interesting
to
to
children
as
well,
and
the
new
generations
that
are
that
are
common
behind
us
that
you
know.
History
can
be
also
learned
in
the
film
forum
and
podcasts
and
all
sorts
of
of
different
things.
So
so.