►
From YouTube: 2019 Lake Huron Fisheries Workshop (April 16, 2019)
Description
0:17 - Introductions
9:48 - Surveying Forage Fish in Saginaw Bay
26:50 - Lake Huron Predator Diet Study 2.0
51:55 - Saginaw Bay Reef Restoration Project
1:09:40 - Cisco Restoration in Lake Huron
1:29:00 - Lake Sturgeon Education Efforts in Saginaw Bay Region
1:36:15 - Saginaw Bay Walleye and Yellow Perch Fisheries
2:15:21 - Fisheries Management Highlights, Questions and Comments
A
So
I'm
gonna
say
welcome
and
thank
you
for
joining
for
our
2019
Regional
Lake
Huron
fisheries
workshop.
This
workshop
in
Bay
City
focused
on
Saginaw
Bay
right
and
what
a
great
evening
it's
miserable
outside.
So
what
a
great
evening
to
spend
inside
talking
about
the
fish
and
fishing
that
we
love
on
Lake
Huron.
So
thank
you
guys
for
taking
the
evening
to
join
and
spend
three
hours
of
action-packed
fun-filled
information
about
our
amazing
Lake,
Huron
fishery.
A
A
We
were
import
here
on
last
week
we
moved
to
Alpena
next
week
and
then
North
to
Cedarville
the
week
after
so
the
whole
conversation
is
about
bringing
together
researchers
and
managers
who
work
on
Lake
Huron
with
the
communities,
anglers
and
stakeholders
who
you
know,
value
and
interact
with
this
fishery
every
day
in
it.
That's
you
guys
so
I.
A
Look
at
these
annual
workshops
is
sort
of
a
pulse
check,
a
status
check,
a
chance
to
look
check
in
and
see
how
our
fishery
is
doing
kind
of
think
about
what
we
can
look
forward
to
in
the
coming
year.
So
a
little
bit
of
a
health
check
a
status
check,
but
it's
also
an
opportunity
to
bring
together
a
wealth
of
research
of
management
agencies
from
a
variety
of
universities
and
agencies
who
spend
their
daily
time
their
daily
days
working
on
on
taking
care
of
this
fishery.
A
We
all
values,
so
they
have
a
lot
of
great
information
to
share.
But
it's
also
a
great
opportunity
for
you
to
interact
with
those
researchers
and
managers.
It's
a
chance
to
ask
your
questions
directly
and
in
order
to
share
feedback
or
comments
or
things
that
you've
you've
had
on
your
mind
and
it's
a
networking
opportunity.
This
is
a
chance
ryoga
to
interact
with
each
other
learn,
learn
from
each
other
and
just
have
some
good
conversations
tonight.
So
that's
what
I'm
looking
forward
to
with
the
next
three
hours
of
our
time.
A
So
my
name
is
bran
Schroeder
I
work
with
the
Michigan
Sea
Grant
college
program,
we're
a
program
of
the
National
Oceanic
and
Atmospheric
Administration,
so
a
federal
program,
but
were
administered
through
the
universities
in
each
of
our
coastal
states.
So
in
Michigan
we're
a
partnership
between
the
University
of
Michigan
go
blue
and
Michigan.
A
State
University
go
green
so
that
my
job
is
at
MSU
Extension
employees
through
Michigan
State
University-
and
this
is
what
we
do
is
we
provide
educational
opportunities
that
bring
science
and
we
support
science
and
research,
but
bring
it
out
into
our
coastal
communities
to
find
ways
to
make
that
not
useful
to
us.
So
hopefully,
as
anglers,
you
find
value
in
that
science
and
research
being
shared
this
evening.
A
A
If
you
guys
are
interested
in
working
with
us
Megan
as
your
go-to
contact
here
in
Bay
County,
so
the
evening
will
go
along
so
I'm
going
to
start
with
thank-yous,
because
at
nine
o'clock
or
nine,
oh
five
and
nine
ten,
you
guys
are
like
we
want
to
hit
the
road
and
it's
hard
to
say.
Thank
you
at
the
end
when
we're
all
exhausted,
so
I
want
to
just
say
thank
you
in
advance
to
a
great
team
of
collaborators
that
really
makes
this
evening
come
together.
A
This
is
you
know,
a
sea
grant
extension
workshop,
but
it's
also
a
workshop.
That
is
a
partnered
effort
among
many
folks
that
came
together.
So
the
research
and
management
managers,
so
the
Department
of
Natural
Resources,
the
USGS
Great
Lakes
Science
Center,
US
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service,
the
Michigan
State
University
Department
of
Fisheries
and
Wildlife
USDA,
Wildlife
Services.
There's
a
lot
of
folks
researchers
and
managers
from
a
variety
of
institutions
in
this
room
that
collaborate
in
making
these
workshops
come
together
every
year
and
the
community
partners.
A
The
community
partners
are
extremely
valuable
in
helping
to
host
this
workshop
locally,
so
I
want
to
call
it
the
Saginaw,
Bay
walleye
Club
and
say
thank
you
for
being
an
awesome
host
for
us
each
year
that
we
come
to
bass
city,
but
also
partners
like
the
Michigan,
steelhead
and
salmon
fishermen's
association
of
the
Michigan
charter,
boat,
Association
and
many
other
local
partners
that
have
helped
to
make
this
workshop
possible
and
be
in
Bay
City
in
the
media.
Bay
County
TV
is
here,
there's
a
lot.
A
You
guys
made
the
commitment
to
spend
three
hours
with
us
talking
fish,
there's
folks
that
are
interested
in
the
information
we'll
share
tonight,
who
aren't
able
to
be
here
and
because
of
Bay
County
TV
and
our
media
partners
were
able
to
share
this
information
just
a
little
bit
more
widely.
So
we
appreciate
that
and
then
you
guys
again,
I
just
I
said
you.
This
workshop
doesn't
happen
if
you
don't
show
up
so
you're
all
partners
in
this
room
and
I
appreciate
you
guys
making
this
workshop
happen
on
the
side
of
the
stakeholders.
A
One
key
set
of
citizen
advisors
that
we
work
with
is
the
DNR
s:
Lake
Huron
citizen
advisory
committee.
That's
a
lake
wide
committee
of
citizens
that
provide
advice
and
guidance
to
the
department,
Natural
Resources,
and
we
spend
all
your
law
on
coordinating
these
workshops
with
that
committee.
You
know:
where
should
these
workshops
be
and
what
information
should
we
share
in
these
workshops?
That's
most
relevant
and
Frank.
Crist
is
the
chair
of
that
committee
and
he'll
be
with
us.
B
Might
take
us
one
meeting,
but
the
best
part
about
the
whole
thing
is
trees
and
I.
My
wife.
We
come
to
every
one
of
the
workshops
and
we're
looking
for
your
input.
We're
going
to
record
all
your
comments,
questions,
suggestions
that
we're
going
to
compile
them
and
we'll
be
sending
them
out
to
all
the
members
of
our
committee.
Also,
these
experts
a
lot
of
them,
the
weren't,
even
here
at
the
meeting,
so
they
know
your
input.
Also.
B
We
have
quite
a
few
of
our
members
here
today
and
I
not
going
to
miss
any
rich
crach
Meier
he's
sitting
over
here
and
and
it's
good
to
talk
to
these
people
during
the
breaks
you
got
comets
Jim
de
Klerk
from
this
area
and
dr.
Mercola.
Where
are
you
dr.,
Merkel
I
see
you
back
there
and
then
Denis
go
along
he's
out
of
walleye
expert
where's
Dennis
at
okay.
There
you
go
and
I
mean.
Then
we
got
a
big
crowd
here.
It's
hard
to
find
Randy
terian
in
the
back.
B
Randy
is
up
and
down
a
shoreline
knows
a
lot
of
people.
How
about
Captain
waltz?
Is
he
here
today
he
was
going
to
be
here:
okay,
captain
Walsh,
yeah,
Terry
and
I
think
I
got.
It.
Did
I
miss
anybody.
Alright.
Now
these
people
are
in
the
committee,
so
it's
good
to
get
to
know
them.
If
you
got
questions
concerns
that
be
happy
to
talk
to
you.
Thank
you.
A
Thanks
for
a
key
yeah,
so
take
advantage
of
that
at
the
break.
Again,
that's
a
great
way
to
get
your
feedback
into
that
Advisory
Committee,
so
I'm
gonna
get
us
started.
I've
got
a
couple
housekeeping
things
one
many
of
you
signed
in
when
you
came
in.
If
you
did
not
sign
in
I'll
pass
this
around,
please
do
you
don't
need
to
sign
in
twice
I
can't
count.
You
twice,
there's.
A
The
salmon
color
sheet
or
the
orange
sheet
orange
color
sheet
is
the
agenda
we'll
try
to
stay
on
track
as
best
we
can.
There
is
a
yellow
sheet
that
you
picked
up,
which
is
an
evaluation.
It's
two-sided.
The
front
side
is
for
the
workshop
in
its
entirety.
I'd
appreciate
if
you'd
fill
that
out,
we
appreciate
the
feedback.
The
other
is
related
to
a
specific
talk.
The
lake,
trout,
predator
diet,
study
and
I'll
remind
you
when
you
get
to
that
point,
but
we
wanted
some
feedback
on
that
specific
talk
and
it'll
make
sense.
A
When
we
get
we
get
there
and
then
the
last
is
a
white
sheet.
This
is
a
demographic
form
because
we
receive
federal
funding.
We
have
a
requirement
to
collect
data
on
those
who
participate.
We
want
our
workshops
to
be
open
and
accessible
to
anybody
and
everybody
for
whatever
reason.
So
this
is
a
way
we
keep
track
of
how
you
know
our
ability
to
make
these
workshops
open.
This
is
not
mandatory,
but
I
certainly
would
appreciate
it
if
you
would
voluntarily
fill
this
out.
A
That's
the
reporting
that
I
have
to
do
with
all
the
workshops
we
host.
So
you
can
turn
those
in
at
the
end
of
the
workshop
bathrooms
are
in
a
bank,
make
yourself
at
home.
We
will
take
a
break
about
midway
through.
So
with
that,
it's
a
long
evening,
action-packed
I'm,
going
to
get
us
moving
I'm
going
to
introduce
Andrew
Andrew
is
with
Michigan
Department
of
Natural
Resources
fisheries
division
on
a
research
side,
and
so
I
always
think
it
makes
sense
in
fishery
science
101.
A
C
My
name
is
Andrew
Briggs
and
I
work
with
Michigan
DNR
I'm
based
out
of
the
Lake
st.
Clair
fisheries
Research
Station.
Today,
I'm
gonna
talk
about
our
trawling
that
we
do
on
Saginaw
Bay.
This
data
set
goes
all
the
way
back
to
1970,
so
it's
a
pretty
long
data
set
that
really
allows
us
to
look
at
the
trends
in
the
fish
community
over
time.
So
we
refer
to
this
as
our
federal
aid
study,
466
and
really.
C
We
also
owe
a
lot
of
thank
yous
to
the
southern
Lake
Huron
management
unit,
as
they
helped
us
with
this
study,
as
well
as
far
as
moving
vehicles,
and
really
helps
us
get
this
job
done.
So,
as
far
as
our
trawl
gear
I,
don't
know
how
familiar
where
everybody
is
with
trawls,
this
figure
down
here
shows
kind
of
a
diagram.
What
a
trawl
might
look
like,
you
can
see:
it's
got
two
doors
and
then
a
large
net,
that's
dragged
behind
the
boat
and
these
doors,
keeping
that
open
as
we
pull
it
behind
the
boat.
C
So
this
trawling
or
this
gear
helps
sample
bottom
species
feces
that
live
on
the
bottom
or
benthic
species.
We
do
get
some
pelagic
species
which
are
species
that
live
higher
up
in
the
water
column,
but
those
are
only
caught
when
the
trawl
is
deployed
and
pulled
back
up.
So
it's
not
as
efficient
as
at
monitoring
those
species.
However,
debris
like
rocks
and
logs
can
be
problematic
for
this
gear
a
lot
of
times.
C
So
these
are
our
trawl
sites
from
last
year.
These
orange
sites,
those
are
sites
we
visit
every
year.
We
call
them
our
index
sites
now
with
this
with
the
Saginaw
Bay.
Here
you
can
see
we
got
different
numbers
for
each
grid,
so
we
divide
it
into
four
quadrants,
so
we
got
the
400
grids
up
here:
the
100's
200s
and
300s,
and
within
each
one
of
these
quadrants
we
sample
six
sites,
so
our
four
index
sites
plus
five
random
sites.
C
Now
we
are
kind
of
limited
on
where
we
can
sample,
as
there
are
some
areas
where
we
know
there's
a
lot
of
rocks
and
debris.
So
we
avoid
those
areas.
So
it's
not
exactly
random,
because
there
are
some
areas
that
we're
avoiding,
but
we
do
our
best
to
keep
it
as
random,
as
we
can
looking
at
some
data.
This
is
our
water
temperature
trends.
When
we
conduct
our
surveys,
we
conduct
our
surveys
at
about
the
same
time
every
year,
usually
the
first
of
two
weeks
of
September.
C
C
C
This
has
been
more
of
a
gradual
trend,
but
similarly
I
think
11
out
of
the
last
12
years,
have
been
our
highest
sucky
depth
on
record,
and
this
is
likely
due
to
the
increasing
water
clarity
caused
by
zebra
and
quagga
mussels
that
you're,
probably
all
familiar
with
looking
at
our
fish
data.
These
are
the
species
that
we
are.
These
are
the
top
ten
species
right
here
that
we
caught
in
2018.
C
The
top
three
are
mimic
shiner,
trout,
perch
and
yellow
perch,
and
these
are
actually
the
same
top
three
species
that
we
caught
in
2017
as
well
and
then
also
on
the
top.
Four
is
white
perch.
So
these
these
four
species
here,
especially
the
top
three,
make
up
the
vast
majority
of
our
catch,
and
this
last
year
we
caught
about
19,000
fish.
We
did
24
trials,
but
two
of
them
had
to
be
five-minute.
Toe
is
due
to
debris
in
the
water,
so
2310
meant
toes
in
total
when
we
collect
couplet
our
effort.
C
One
thing
we
do
is
we
create
a
forage
index
and
what
this
is
is
it's
a
a
some
of
the
catch
of
11
different
prey
species
that
we
catch
over
year
or
not.
Every
year
we
catch
frequently
one
of
them's
alewife.
We
haven't
caught
that
in
a
while,
but
other
species
in
this
forage
index
include
emerald,
shiner,
gizzard,
shad,
smelt,
spot
tail,
shiner
round,
goby,
trout,
perch,
white
bass,
white
perch,
yellow
perch
and
mimic
shiner,
and
you
can
see
that
since
2003
it's
been
on
a
downward
trend.
C
We
did
see
an
uptick
here
in
2016,
but
then
it
dropped
back
off
in
2017
and
last
year
was
is
a
little
bit
higher,
but
about
the
same
as
to
that
17.
So
I'm
going
to
take
a
look
at
some
of
these
each
of
these
species
more
in
depth
and
I'm,
going
to
start
with
our
soft
grade.
Benthic
forage
fish.
So
these
are
fish
that
are
on
the
bottom
and
our
affords.
C
C
Trout,
perch,
trout,
perch,
are
another
species
we
catch
a
lot
of
in
the
Bay.
We
did
see
a
decline
this
year
and
it's
below
the
long-term
average
choppers
are
kind
of
an
interesting
species
because
we
catch
a
lot
of
them,
but
we
don't
see
them
or
we
rarely
see
them
the
diets
of
predator
fish
and
it's
really
interesting
because
they
actually
have
about
the
same
energy
content
as
yellow
perch,
which
are
frequently
seen
in
in
walleye
stomachs,
and
we're
not
really
sure
why
they
don't
keen
on
trout,
perch.
C
But
that's
one
thing:
researchers
want
to
look
into
moving
on
to
round
goby.
You
can
see,
they
didn't
appear
in
our
catch
into
2000
until
1999,
and
this
year
was
actually
our
lowest
catch
of
round
goby.
Since,
since
the
beginning
of
our
survey
in
1999
now
I,
don't
think
this
is
necessarily
a
doesn't
necessarily
show
the
actual
abundance
of
round
goby.
As
as
I
mentioned
earlier,
we
can't
sample
rocky
areas
effectively
and,
as
many
of
you
know,
that's
where
round,
gobies
typically
like
to
key
in
on
Minik
shiner
those.
C
This
year
we
did
see
a
decline
from
2017,
but
it's
still
above
the
long-term
average
moving
on
to
the
pelagic
prey
or
fish
that
are
more
up
higher.
In
the
water
column,
we
got
gizzard
shad
here
or
an
or
alewife
gizzard
shad
rainbow
smelt
and
emerald
shiner,
starting
with
rainbow
smelt.
This
is
another
species
that
it's
a
non-native
species,
but
it
used
to
be
very
prevalent
in
our
in
our
gear
and
over
the
last
few
years,
several
years
it's
really
declined.
C
Although
this
year
we
did
see
a
small
uptick
in
our
rainbow
smelt
catch,
it's
still
well
below
the
long-term
average,
and
one
thing
that
was
interesting
this
year
is
we
caught.
Typically,
we
catch
a
lot
of
young
of
the
year
aged
zero
smelt,
but
we
did
catch
some
more
more
large
smelt
this
year
in
our
trawls,
which
was
interesting
alewife.
C
These
are
since
2003
have
been
extremely
low
in
our
catch.
This
year
we
didn't
catch
any
alewife,
that's
down
from
last
year,
we
caught
one
so
not
looking
good
for
l-life
gizzard
shad.
This
is
an
important
prey
species
for
walleye,
not
only
in
Saginaw
Bay,
but
other
areas
of
the
Great
Lakes
they're
not
really
very
well
represented
in
our
trawl
catch,
but
there
are.
There
are
a
lot
of
them
out
there.
This
year
we
saw
a
decline,
er
gizzard,
shad
catch
and
it
was
below
the
long-term
average
emerald
shiner.
C
Now
this
is
another
important
prey:
species
and
baitfish
species
for
the
baitfish
industry.
We
saw
decline
this
year
in
emerald
shiner
and
it's
really
been
kind
of.
We
don't
get
a
ton
of
them,
sometimes
where
we
have
a
period
here.
We
caught
a
lot,
but
it's
really
they're
not
well
represented
our
Charles,
regularly.
C
Moving
on
the
spiny
red
forage,
so
I'm
going
to
talk
about
the
white
perch
and
the
yellow,
perch
yellow
perch,
you
can
see
we
had
a
large
peak
here,
but
overall,
it's
been
relatively
stable
over
time.
Besides,
here
kind
of
in
the
mid-90s,
this
year
we
had
a
slight
increase
in
our
yellow
perch
catch
and
it's
about
the
long-term
average
or
slightly
below.
However,
we
look
at
the
median
who
remembers
median
and
mean
from
school.
C
Some
people
do
a
my
dad
would
if
my
dad's,
a
math
teacher,
so
I
have
to
remember
it.
So
if
I
were
to
line
all
these
numbers
up,
all
the
values
in
order
from
lowest
to
highest,
the
number
that
occurs
in
the
middle
would
be
the
median,
so
the
means
kind
of
like
your
typical
average
that
you
might
think
about.
So
if
we
looked
at
the
median,
it's
actually
above
the
median,
so
that
kind
of
gets
rid
of
the
influence
of
this
large
number
here.
C
Looking
at
white
perch,
so
this
year
we
saw
an
increase
in
our
white
perch
catch.
Now
this
is
another
species
that
in
some
years,
has
actually
been
the
species.
That's
found
most
in
our
Walt,
like
stomachs,
hasn't
been
that
way
in
a
quite
a
few
years,
but
it's
been
like
that
in
the
past.
So
this
year
we
saw
a
decrease
or
increase
in
our
white
perch
catch,
but
it
is
below
the
long-term
average
and
the
long-term
median.
C
So
just
kind
of
summarize
what
I
talked
about
with
all
these
species,
you
can
see
I
got,
yellow
or
green
arrow
as
if
it's
increase
in
red
if
it
decreased
and
then
sometimes
I
have
two
arrows,
and
that
means
a
large
decrease.
As
you
can
see,
I
got
a
lot
of
red
up
there,
so
not
a
great
sign
spot
tail,
shiner
decreased
from
last
year
and
as
well
below
the
long-term
average
trout
perch
went
down
this
year
and
as
below
the
long-term
average
round,
goby
down
and
below
the
long-term
average.
D
C
C
This
is
our
trend
in
age,
zero,
walleye
catch.
So
we
used
to
think
this
was
a
way
to
look
at
your
class
strength,
but
in
Dave
fielder
you
might
talk
about.
It
really
doesn't
necessarily
show
that
anymore,
but
we
do
catch
young
of
the
year
so
2018
it
did
go
up
and
it's
been
kind
of
hanging
hanging,
steady.
C
So
for
some
of
them,
that's
increase
in
predator
fish,
like
walleye,
otherwise,
I
mean
with
the
increase
of
direction
and
mussels
or
zero
in
fog
muscles
that
really
decreases
amount
of
plankton
out
there
that
a
lot
of
these
forage
species
eat.
So
it's
probably
a
combination
of
predators
and
habitat
issues.
E
C
F
F
E
C
C
G
E
C
Thing
that's
interesting.
That
Dave
will
pride
touch
on
is
that
with
the
decline
in
total
purse,
there
actually
have
really
high
growth
in
Saginaw
Bay.
So
there
actually
I
mean
aged
I,
think
age,
three
fish
or
each
two
fish
are
about
the
same
size
as
the
state
average
age
for
fish,
so
they're
growing,
quite
a
bit
faster
in
Saginaw
Bay
as
compared
to
other
areas
of
the
state.
D
H
You
Brandon,
like
like
Brandon,
said
this
is
a
really
large
collaborative
effort
and
I
have
to
thank
all
you
guys
here,
especially
those
who
have
already
donated
who
donated
stomachs
to
to
our
cause.
That's
a
little
bit
of
what
I'm
here
to
do
today
is
to
continue
to
rally
the
troops
to
try
to
promote
our
work
and
get
more
stomachs.
I
also
have
to
give
a
lot
of
credit
to
Katy
Krasinski,
who
many
of
you
guys,
probably
know
what
I've
interacted
with
she's
been
very
helpful.
H
I've
only
been
working
on
this
project
for
about
six
weeks
and
so
she's
been
catching
me
up
to
speed
and
getting
me
ready
to
give
this
type
of
presentation
now
we're
heading
into
our
third
year
of
collecting
stomachs,
and
with
that
we
have
a
few
more
collaborators
on
our
project.
We
have
US
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service,
as
well
as
Grand
Traverse,
Bay
band
and
Little
Traverse
Bay
band,
and
so
we're
hoping
that
with
more
people,
we
can
collect
more
stomachs.
H
So
in
2017
and
2018,
our
study
was
primarily
focused
on
Lake
Huron
and
we
were
trying
to
better
understand
some
of
these
relationships
that
were
previously
studied
in
2009
2011.
As
we
all
know,
these
lakes
and
our
fisheries
changed
very
quickly,
and
so
we
were
really
looking
at
the
spatial
and
temporal
trends
and
our
diets.
You
know
what
times
of
the
year
are
these
predator
fish?
H
You
know
who
are
they
eating,
which
some
of
the
prey
species
work
really
helps
kind
of
show
some
of
those
trends
too,
and
the
data
that
we're
collecting
is
being
put
into
these
bioenergetic
models
to
better
understand.
You
know
how
much
prey
does
chinook
salmon
eat?
How
much
prey
does
a
lake
trout
or
a
walleye
eat
it?
Does
it
have
any
doesn't
matter
where
they're
from
Lake
Huron,
Lake,
Michigan,
the
northerner
southern
US,
and
what
we
are
a
little
bit
more
expanding
in
2019
and
2020?
Is
this
comparison
of
Lake
Michigan
to
Lake
Huron?
H
Previously
the
Lake
Michigan
stomachs?
We
were
getting
we're
just
kind
of
gravy
on
the
top,
but
now
we're
really
working
to
try
to
get
a
very
large
sample
size
of
Lake,
Michigan
and
Lake
Huron
stomachs,
so
that
we
can
better
understand
how
these
you
know
same
species
of
fish,
feed
differently,
very
different
prey
communities,
and
so
similarly,
we'll
be
looking
at
those
spatial
patterns.
H
Those
temporal
trends
which
once
again
feed
these
bioenergetic
models,
as
well
as
these
models,
which
kind
of
help
inform
how
many
fish
we
should
be
stocking
and
so
how
we
collect
these
stomachs
is
through.
You
know
a
really
large
collaborative
effort,
and
you
guys
are
a
huge,
huge
help
in
that
I
and
a
technician
will
be
hitting
it'll,
be
Road,
dogging,
Lakes,
Michigan
and
Lake
Huron,
hitting
all
these
awesome
fishing
tournaments
that
a
lot
of
you
guys
participate
at
and
help
put
on.
H
We're
really
appreciative
of
that
as
well
as
if
it
you
know
we
like
to,
if
we're
near
cleaning
stations,
that's
another
good
source
for
these
stomachs
as
well
as
you
may
run
into
em
DNR
creel
clerks
this
summer.
They
are
also
helping
us
collect
these
stomachs,
and
so
you
may
run
into
them
at
a
fish
cleaning
station
or
a
port,
and
they
might
ask
you
to
see
if
you
want
to
participate
in
our
study
as
well
as
US,
Fish
and
Wildlife.
H
Service
will
similarly
be
hitting
some
of
these
tournaments,
similar
to
us
at
Michigan
State,
to
collect
these
one
of
the
interesting
and
awesome
things
about
the
newer
work.
Is
we're
gonna
get
the
opportunity
to
compare
your
angler
caught
stomachs
to
some
fishery
survey
stomachs,
as
we
know,
you
know,
sometimes,
when
we
bring
these
fish
in,
they
may
regurgitate
and
do
things
and
so
another
bit
of
what
our
study
aims
to
do
is
look
at
a
little
bit
of
the
bias
from
where
we're
getting
our
stomachs
getting
them
from
anglers.
H
We
find
a
lot
of
weird
things:
tobacco
pouches,
you
name
it
and
there's
a
chance.
We
found
it,
but
so
it's
it's
really
incredible
how
much
we
can
try
to
look
into
what
are
in
these
fishes
stomachs,
even
with
small
bits
of
information
we
use
the
clay
through
and
odorless
of
the
fish.
The
Clara
is
the
what
kind
of
holds
the
pectoral
fin
these.
H
This
is
so
up
to
date.
The
lake
here
on
collection
is
just
over
3,400
stomachs,
which
is
a
very
large
number
and
we
hope
to
do
about
3,000
stomachs
this
year
and
here
on
and
at
Michigan
it's
a
pretty
lofty
goal,
but
you
know
we're
hoping
with
with
your
guys's
help
the
weekend
we
can
hit
that
we
do
so.
I
know
this
number
in
2018.
H
You
guys
got
us
about
350
stomachs,
which
was
great
a
lot
of
those
coming
for
prank,
and
so
we
hope
to
always
get
more
stomachs,
but
now
we'll
dive
a
little
bit
into
system
results.
So
first
I'm
going
to
show
you
a
little
bit
of
what
was
going
on
in
2017
and
then
we'll
get
into
2018
and
kind
of
look
at
some
summary
comparisons.
H
So,
generally,
here
these,
these
graphs
that
I'm
going
to
throw
up
are
going
to
be
the
proportion
of
wet
weight
on
the
y-axis,
and
then
some
of
these
will
generally
just
be
fish
species.
But
then
we're
also
going
to
break
these
fish
species
up
and
look
at
what
they're
eating
by
their
statistical
districts.
So
kind
of
you
know
northern
middle
southern
parts
of
the
lake,
and
so
we
can
see
here
in
2017
lake,
trout,
I,
don't
have
my
guide
for
species,
but
I
know
that
this.
This
blue
color
here
is
a
round
goby
and
I.
H
H
These
are
species
that
we
really
struggle
to
get
very
many
of,
and
so
these
are
particularly
fish
of
interest
to
us,
not
that
we
do
not
enjoy
as
many
walleye
lake
trout
as
we
can
get,
but
you
guys
do
a
pretty
good
job
of
catching
those,
and
these
are
definitely
some
of
the
species
were
really
interested
in.
So
now,
let's
look
at
lake,
trout
and
so
on.
H
The
bottom
axis
we
have
the
statistical
districts
and
mh1
is
in
the
north
up
in
that
Sheboygan
Rogers
City
area,
and
it
makes
its
way
to
the
south
if
you're
on,
and
so
you
can
see
again
a
round
goby.
This
blue
is
a
really
it's
the
main
resource
for
lake
trout,
a
few
other
fish
in
there
to
mention
these.
The
southern
districts
of
Lake
Huron,
is
probably
where
we
struggle
the
most
to
get
Lake
trout's
from.
H
We
can
see
that
their
diet,
this
this
red
is
alewife
and
the
dark
blue
is
rainbow
smelt,
and
so
that
is
the
majority
of
the
chinook
salmon
diet.
These
only
equivocal
fish
and
most
of
the
chinook
salmon
that
we
see
are
up
in
the
northern
bit,
because
there
are
a
lot
of
these
fish
that
maybe
come
and
coming
around
from
the
banded
Lake
Michigan
and
now
to
walleye.
Probably
the
hot
topic
here
in
Saginaw
Bay.
H
Actually
mh4
is
the
bay,
so
mh4
is
the
the
bay
proper
yep
so
and
we
will
really
quick
the
next
slide.
I'm
gonna
break
wall
I
just
into
Saginaw,
Bay
stuff,
so
walleye
in
2017.
We
can
see
the
purple
is
court
gonna
its,
and
that
includes
bloater.
So
you
can
see
you
know
decent
amount
of
court
gardens
in
the
northern
diets
as
well
as
round
goby
and
then
yeah.
H
H
And
so
now
this
is
kind
of
the
seasonal
trend
of
what
we're
seeing
in
our
walleye
diets
in
2017,
and
so
we
see
that
yellow
perch
are
always
this
yellow
perch
is
this
orange
are
always
a
pretty
large
part
of
their
diet.
This
red
is
invertebrates,
and
so
you
can
kind
of
see
and
that
green
is
the
other
fish.
The
red
is
pretty
important
early
in
the
year,
I
mean
it
makes
sense.
H
You
got
a
lot
of
may
fly,
larvae,
bits
and
whatnot
and
then
there's
kind
of
a
switch
to
yellow
perch
kind
of
later
in
the
year,
and
so
now
we'll
move
to
2018
and
try
to
keep
in
the
back
of
our
heads
a
little
bit
of
what
happened
and
2017
and
then
we'll
summarize
it.
So
again
we
see
heavy
rainbow
smelt
and
goby
and
lake
trout
a
lot
of
alewife
and
Chinook
with
the
rainbow
smelt.
H
A
lot
of
go
be
a
lot
more
go
be
in
your
wall
line
2018,
then
in
2017,
and
then
again
all
this
yellow
perch
is
coming
from
the
bay
and
once
again
we
struggle
a
lot
to
get
these
Atlantic
steelhead,
pink
salmon
and
brown
trout.
Most
of
these
are
probably
not
even
ten
fish
and
so
lake
trout,
again
pretty
much
the
exact
same
story
really
loving
the
round
goby
and
the
rainbow
smelt.
H
And
then
the
chinook
salmon,
once
again,
the
majority
of
our
samples
are
in
the
northern
districts
and
very
alewife
heavy
rainbow
smelt,
though
we
do
see
some
go
bees
sneaking
in
there
too,
and
then
for
walleye.
This
is
quite
a
bit
different
from
2017.
As
you
can
see,
we
see
a
lot
more
goby
a
lot.
A
lot
more
go
be
still
in
certain
areas
like
up
in
the
north
and
mh1.
Pretty
50/50
goby
rainbow
smelt
in
MH
to
90
95
percent
goby,
but
then
an
MH
3,
pretty
much
predominantly
rainbow
smelt.
H
But
here
again
at
mh4
it'll
be
an
interesting
story
to
show
here
in
just
the
next
slide.
Again,
all
this
yellow
perch
is
really
coming
from
the
bay,
but
we're
gonna
see
a
little
bit
more
goby
than
the
Year
previous,
and
so
we
can
see
that
if
we
recall
in
this
early
part
of
the
year,
we
tended
to
rely
a
little
bit
more
on
invertebrates
and
kind
of
that
switch
to
the
yellow
perch.
H
H
Certainly
in
2017
we
saw
much
heavier
yellow
perch
dependency
on
the
Saginaw
Bay
walleye,
which
then
in
2018.
We
see
this
increase
in
round
goby
over
all
the
Saginaw
Bay
walleye
are
the
most
diverse
diets.
We
see.
Certainly
they
put
our
idea
to
the
test
when
we
get
them
and
we
see
a
little
bit
more
smelt
consumed
in
2018
than
17
and
that's
kind
of
particularly
in
the
north.
H
H
You
know
we've
already
been
out
at
a
1
tournament
and
I'm
going
to
be
at
a
tournament
this
weekend
and
we
will
be
continuing
those
efforts
and
a
little
bit
of
the
new
stuff
is
bringing
in
this
determining
the
level
of
angle
angler
bias
there,
like
the
study
of
the
excuse
me
the
stomachs
that
we
get
from
anglers
compared
to
the
stomach's
that
we
get
from
surveys
done
by
agencies
like
the
DNR,
where
we
can
get
those
stomachs
to
see
who
are
the
stomach's
that
all
the
anglers
catching
more
empty
than
the
stomach's.
We
don't.
H
And
so
we
like
to
just
cut
as
close
to
the
back
of
the
head
of
the
fish
as
we
can,
and
then
we
cut
down
down
here
on
the
intestine
and
we
just
toss
that
into
the
bag.
And
so
we
do
understand
that
in
this
process
there
is
the
likelihood
to
damage
the
stomach.
And
we
understand
that
and
we
do
accept
stomachs
that
have
holes.
We
just
appreciate
that
those
holes
are
as
small
and
unintentional
as
possible,
and
then
there
is
four
critical
things
that
we
need,
along
with
this
stomach,
so
that
we
can
understand.
H
It's
so
with
those
four
pieces
of
information
in
a
stomach
in
a
bag
or
that
stomach
enters
our
study
and
for
I
have
a
ton
of
volunteer
tags
here
that
I
hope
to
give
away
to
to
everyone
interested
in
violent
about
hearing
there's
fish
stomachs
which
looks
like
this.
It's
a
little
cut
off,
but
we
can
you'll
see
them
here
today
and
it,
and
it
has
a
little
bit
of
information
about
a
little
bit
more
information
about
the
study,
as
well
as
ways
to
get
involved.
H
And
so
you
can
also
keep
track
of
us
via
Facebook.
We
have
a
Facebook
the
here
on
Michigan
predator
diet
study
and
we
are
open
to
you
know.
Taking
all
communication
questions
we
like
to
try
to
answer
those
as
well
as
we
like
to
post
when
we
find
interesting
cool
things
in
our
stomach
and
try
to
you
know,
keep
you
guys
updated
on
what
we're
doing
and
always
be
looking
for.
Michigan
see,
see,
grant
press
releases.
They
similar,
similarly
are
releasing
our
information
and.
H
H
H
You
know
that
is
a
really
good
question
and
I'll
say
that
I
do
not
have
a
really
good
answer,
but
that
is
one
of
that
is
one
of
the.
When
we
look
at
our
prey
items,
we
have
a
digested
one
two,
three
four
five
reading,
so
we're
hoping
to
potentially
answer
that
question
because
likely
certain
things
might
digest
faster
than
others.
H
F
H
J
H
What
yeah?
No
definitely
that
was
a
pretty
big
change
and
it
was
something
that
we're
really
interested
in,
and
certainly
by
better
looking
at
some
of
the
like
prey
fish
data
and
things
like
that,
we
might
be
able
to
make
a
little
bit
more
sense
of
it.
But
there's
not
really
a
mechanism
that
we
believe
to
be
doing
that
I.
J
H
K
Look
I
think
so
this
is.
This
presentation
is
specific
to
some
habitat
improvement
work
that
a
lot
of
different
agencies
are
collaborating
on
with
the
intention
of
benefiting
not
just
walleye
other
species
in
Saginaw
Bay,
our
interest
or
I
should
say
the
importance
of
spawning
reefs
Rock
reefs
within
the
bay
really
trace
back
to
some
of
the
early
commercial
fisheries
that
operated
in
Saginaw
Bay,
as
they
were
some
early
evidence
of
what
the
importance
and
relevance
of
offshore
spawning
was
back.
K
Then
this
data
goes
back
to
the
1800s
and
it's
a
commercial
yield
of
walleye
and
there's
probably
periods
of
overfishing
recovery,
overfishing,
recovery,
but
it
was
sustained
at
about
a
million
pounds
for
a
long
time
until
it
finally
collapsed.
The
collapse
in
the
middle
part
of
the
20th
century
was
attributed
to
a
lot
of
habitat
degradation
or
there
specifically,
the
spawning
habitat,
as
well
as
other
effects
such
as
effects
of
invasive
species
and
declining
water
quality.
K
So
the
watershed
in
the
Saginaw
Bay
area
was
heavily
forested
and
the
early
logging
industry
of
course
took
care
of
that
by
removing
most
of
the
forested
lands.
And
then
the
resulting
erosion
that
took
place
would
bring
new
sediment
into
the
bay
through
runoff,
as
well
as
the
the
effects
of
the
logs
on
the
river
all
had
an
effect
on
the
spawning
habitat
of
laws.
As
the
water
should
transition
to
agriculture
that
furthered
the
erosion
such
that
the
the
sediment
would
wash
out
into
the
bay
and
then
settle
over
the
rock
reef
habitat.
K
You
an
idea
of
what
that
looks
like
here's,
an
image
that
we
took
from
Adams
point
reef
off
of
Rogers
City.
This
is
probably
a
classic
Great
Lakes
Rock
reef,
and
you
can
see
how
that
would
be
attractive
to
spawning
fishes
because
their
eggs
would
settle
down
in
those
interstitial
spaces
and
be
protected
from
egg
predators
and
be
well
oxygenated
and
result
in
successful
hatching.
K
This
particular
study
looked
at
the
origin
of
Great
Lakes
reefs
and
concluded
that
they're,
probably
a
result
of
drumlins
Drummond's,
were
the
the
melting
water
from
the
glaciers,
particularly
underneath
that
would
drop
into
posit
the
rock
formations
like
this.
So
these
are
mostly
an
artifact
of
glaciation
10,000
years
ago,
when
we
go
out
there
and
look
at
these
places
today,
where
these
both
historic
reefs
were
supposed
to
be
found.
We
see
situations
like
this
there's
occasionally
a
little
bit
of
rock
here
or
there,
but
largely
it's
just
sand.
K
One
of
the
first
projects
I
had
when
I
came
to
the
DNR,
was
to
map
the
amount
of
rock
habitat
in
Saginaw
Bay
and
the
way
you
can
see
the
outline
of
this
graphic
here
of
the
bay
and
it
kind
of
looks
like
those
mountains
back
here.
That's
that's
not
really
what
this
isn't
like
apatheia
tree
map.
This
is
the
percent
of
rock
there's
a
lot
of
rock
reef
habitat
in
the
Outer
Bay,
but
it's
the
inner
Bay
that
we're
mostly
interested
in
where
there's
very
little
rock
reef
remaining.
K
The
reason
is
indicated
by
this
satellite
thermograph,
where
the
warmer
water,
that
this
is
in
the
month
of
May,
it's
some
warmer
water
in
the
inner
Bay
that
really
proves
attractive.
We
believe
to
fish
there
coming
up
on
spawning
condition
and
the
outer
Bay
in
the
spring
warms
up
too
late,
probably
to
prove
attractive
to
spawning
condition.
Now
the
reason
that
we
importance
is
not,
unlike
diversifying
your
investments,
if
you
have
all
your
investment
in
one
stock
and
that
stock
tanks,
then
you've
lost
all
your
money.
K
K
Walleyes,
for
example,
are
either
a
river
spawner
or
a
reef
spawner
they.
But
we
believe
that
that's
a
heritable
trait
that
they're
genetically
predisposed
to
do
one
or
the
other
right
now
all
our
walleyes
are
spawning
in
rivers
like
the
tuna,
palazzi,
River
and
other
rivers
in
the
watershed,
and
we
have
very
little
left
and
they're
in
the
way
of
optional
respawning.
K
So
in
a
way
we
have
all
our
eggs
in
one
basket
so
to
speak,
and
if
we
were
to
have
a
climactic
event,
flood
events
or
contamination,
we
can
lose
our
walleye
spawning
in
the
tributaries.
That's
the
relevance
or
the
importance
of
offshore
reefs
and
we
believe,
there's
still
some
reef
spawning
walleye
left
in
the
bay
we've
seen
some
evidence
of
that,
and
this
isn't
just
about
walleye.
K
There
are
other
species
that
will
make
use
of
reefs,
certainly
lake
whitefish
and
lake
trout,
which
are
fall
spawners
and
will
come
in
in
the
fall
and
spawn
on
habit
rock
reef
habitat.
So
two
locations
had
been
identified
for
reef
restoration
work,
one
we
just
simply
called
the
Saginaw
River
mouth
reef
and
the
other
we
borrowed
the
existing
quarry
on
reefs
name,
which
was
probably
is
cited
at
probably
where
the
trailing
end
of
that
historic
reef.
Habitat
had
been
now
since
this
work
was
proposed
and
funded.
K
There
had
been
concerns
raised
by
the
boating
community
in
the
area
about
this
reef,
serving
as
a
navigation
hazard,
particularly
to
the
sailing
community,
and
so
in
response
to
that
this
site
has
been
abandoned
and
will
no
longer
be
built.
Instead,
those
resources
are
going
to
be
added
to
the
chorion
reef
site
and
this
site
will
be
doubled
in
size.
So
it's
unfortunate
because
what
we
were
looking
for
here
originally
was
something
of
a
contrast.
K
A
true
open
water
site
and
one
is
more
wave,
swept
near
the
near
the
shoreline
so
that
we
could
see
how
they
perform
relative
to
each
other,
because
part
of
the
whole
objective
of
this
isn't
just
to
make
for
more
fish,
but
to
really
learn
what
this
sort
of
habitat
improvement
can
do
for
us.
So
as
the
guide
future
investment.
K
So
we're
not
going
to
get
that
part
of
this
right
this
time,
but
there
may
be
a
future
second
phase
in
which
that
will
be
relocated
and
built
somewhere
else,
and
that's
just
to
remind
us
where
that
historic,
rock
reef
habitat
was
hypothesized
to
be
so
one
of
the
things
that
we've
heard
when
we
first
proposed
this
work
is
Lawrence.
They
just
going
to
be
covered
up
with
sediment,
like
the
historic
reefs
are.
Why
do
I
build
these?
If
that's
the
case?
K
Well,
the
sediment
load
coming
out
of
the
thing
in
our
river
system
is
not
as
great
today
as
it
was
during
the
logging
era
or
when
they
were
the
early
agricultural
practices
included
more
tilling.
This
particular
graphic
is
pixelated
by
color
and
the
darker,
the
color,
the
less
sedimentation
there
is
the
lighter,
the
color,
the
more
sedimentation.
This
is
developed
from
a
computer
model
developed
by
the
London
Tech
Corporation,
and
so
one
of
the
reasons
we
picked
these
locations
is
they
fall
in
areas
with
the
least
amount
of
sediment.
K
K
So
in
order
to
be
able
to
understand
what
we
accomplished
with
this
reef
habitat
restoration,
we
began
with
assessment
sort
of
the
before
look
and
then
we're
going
to
come
back
and
look
at
it
again.
These
are
side
scan
sonar
images
of
the
Pithom
'try
or
the
bottom
shape,
and
then
the
relative
hardness.
This
is
done
with
side-scan
asuras.
Now,
unlike
your
fish
finder
or
your
depth,
fiying
they're
only
it's
looking
off
to
the
side
and
this
particular
unit
will
record
the
data
and
then
there's
post-processing.
K
That
allows
us
to
create
these
images
and
there
were
a
result
of
like
transects
back
and
forth
so
they're
pretty
flat
and
they're
not
very
hard
and
that's
going
to
be
obviously
very
different.
Once
we
build
those
reefs,
some
of
the
other
pre
look
at
the
conditions
before
the
restoration
has
been
done
by
Purdue.
K
University
include
water
quality
metrics
like
the
sekki
disk
depth
that
Andrew
described
already,
which,
with
water
clarity,
dissolves
oxygen
levels,
we
used
experimental
mesh
gill
nets
to
look
for
the
evidence
of
spawning
fishes
in
these
areas,
egg
mats
to
collect
any
spawn.
That
was
there
and
then
micro
mesh
gill
nets
to
sample
for
any
egg
predators.
K
The
actual
reef
restoration
now
will
be
a
two
acre
site
at
the
chorion
area,
approximately
three
feet
and
relief
off
the
bottom.
Maybe
a
little
bit
more,
the
rock
will
be
barged
out
on
a
barge
with
a
crane
and
it'll
be
put
in
place
just
basically
one
bucket.
At
a
time
the
reef
will
be
about
10,000
cubic
yards
of
material.
That's
a
lot
of
stone
and
I'll
be
a
hundred
percent
cobble,
but
it's
still
not
completely
clear.
L
I
just
wanted
to
highlight
some
of
the
education
and
outreach
efforts
that
are
occurring
related
to
this
restoration
project
out
in
the
bay.
So
there
is
a
web
page
and
we
will
be
sharing
the
web
page
address
on
the
last
slide,
where
you
can
get
more
information
about
this
project
along
with
fact
sheets
I
will
warn
you
that
we
launched
a
new
web
page
this
week,
it's
hosted
through
Michigan
Sea
Grant.
L
So
if
you
go
on
there
today,
some
of
the
links
might
not
be
working,
but
they
will
be
updated
in
about
a
week
with
funding
and
support
from
Saginaw
Bay
Wynn
and
the
Bay
Area,
Community,
Foundation
and
potentially
other
local
funders.
We
are
doing
a
documentary
about
this
project
to
make
sure
that
we're
sharing
this
effort
more
with
community
members
and
then
also
highlighting
this
effort
across
the
Great
Lakes
basin
and
then
we're
also
working
with
school
programs.
L
This
will
be
outside
of
the
consumer's
energy
out
on
Saginaw
Bay,
and
then
we're
also
sharing
different
partners
on
their
own
social
media,
handles
updates
about
the
project
and
then
at,
for
instance,
over
in
the
gray
bin
on
the
table.
We
also
have
some
of
the
rocks
that
will
be
used
in
the
reef
restoration
project
and
we're
partnering
with
local
schools
and
then
also
out
at
different
public
events
to
have
people
decorate
the
rocks
that
will
be
used
on
the
reefs,
so
in
case
any
was
wondering
what
those
rocks
are
for.
L
That
is
what
they're
for
and
then.
Lastly,
this
project
would
not
be
possible
without
a
lot
of
different
partners
supporting
it
and
art
funders.
So,
with
the
support
from
the
EPA's
Great
Lakes
restoration
initiative,
the
Department
of
Environmental
Quality
received
close
to
a
million
dollars
and
then
with
additional
support
from
the
Michigan
sugar
damage
assessment
settlement
payment
and
then
Saginaw
Bay.
When
the
Bay
Area
Community
Foundation,
there's
been
over
a
million
dollars
secured
to
support
this
reef
restoration
project
in
Saginaw
Bay
and
then
at
the
bottom.
We
have
our
timeline.
L
Currently
we
are
in
this
phase
right
here
and
then
we're
getting
ready
to
launch
the
bid
process
and
then
again
the
construction
will
be
completed
this
summer
and
fall
and
then
lastly,
I
just
wanted
to
highlight
all
of
the
different
partners
that
are
involved
in
this
effort
to
restore
this
reef
out
in
Saginaw
Bay.
And
then,
if
you
want
to
get
more
information
about
the
project,
you
can
visit
this
website
here.
So
thank
you
and
I'm
going
to
turn
it
over
to
Dave
for
any
questions.
E
K
Question
was:
will
this
be
a
closed
spring
spawning
zone
like
some
of
our
rivers?
Are?
This
will
almost
certainly
be
governed
under
the
same
offshore
water
rules
that
apply
to
the
Great
Lakes,
so
whatever?
That
is
that's
probably
what
this
is
going
to
be
I,
haven't
heard
otherwise
so
far
well,
he's
concerned
about
the
protection
for
the
spawners
I
think
we
want
to
see
what's
going
to
happen
out
there.
You
know
there's
other
places
where
fish
are
congregating
from
spawning,
and
you
know
it
hasn't
been
a
problem.
K
F
K
G
G
E
K
Question
is
how
far
below
the
surface
and
the
expectation
is
it'll,
be
six
to
eight
feet
below
low
water
Batum.
So
in
the
lowest
water
that
the
corps
of
engineers
identifies,
as
you
know,
the
lowest
in
a
low
water
year.
It'll
still
be
six
to
eight
feet
below
that
right,
so
it's
gonna
be
even
more
if
I
be
1012
feet
like
that
yeah
and
the
goal
is
that
it's
not
a
sort
of
navigation
hazard
but
of
course,
we're
going
to
the
location
will
be
hopefully
well
advertised
so
to
help
Mariners
avoid
that
okay.
A
And
I
think
what's
fun
about
this
session
is
Saginaw.
Bay
is
an
exciting
place
to
be
right
now,
with
booming
walleye
populations
and
exciting
investments
in
habitat,
and
it's
also
the
heart
of
the
Cisco
or
you
might
know,
Cisco
as
Lake
hearing
Lake
Huron
Cisco
restoration
effort
on
a
lake
wide
scale.
The
heart
of
that
effort
is
happening
right
here
in
Saginaw,
Bay
and
Chris
olds
is
with
the
US
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service
and
I
was
excited
to
come
down.
He
said
we
have
to
share
this
and
it's
a
good
all
Bay
session.
A
M
M
Some
of
that
that's
going
on
right
now
in
your
own,
very
backyard
and
that's
the
Cisco
reintroduction,
so
I
broke
it
out
into
five
five
different
aspects
and
I
want
to
highlight
the
fish
community
objectives
for
Lake
Huron
for
for
Craig
anine,
so
which
includes
whitefish
and
Cisco,
and
then
transition
into
some
of
the
historical
catches
make
the
case
for
recovery
of
Cisco
and
Lake
Huron,
and
then
also
look
at
the
Lake
Huron
study.
That
is
being
a
minted
right
now
and
then
kind
of
give
you
a
quick
update
on
the
stocking
event
that
occurred.
M
This
last
fall.
So
the
fish
committee
objectives
for
Lake
Huron
and
for
Craig
means
in
particular,
are
to
maintain
the
present
diversity
of
Craig
means,
which
is
whitefish
Cisco.
Deepwater
chubs
managed
lake
whitefish
and
Cisco's
at
levels
capable
sustaining
her
annual
harvest
of
3.8
million
kilograms
and,
lastly,
restore
to
a
significant
level
and
protect
where
possible,
those
rare,
deep
water
Cisco's.
So
those
are
the
community
or
those
are
the
fish
community
objectives
that
are
the
goal
for
that.
M
We're
trying
to
reach
right
now,
so
I
want
to
look
at
some
of
the
historical
catches
for
for
Lake
Huron
and
historically,
if
you
look
at
from
the
beginning
of
the
time
series
which
is
around
1912
to
about
1940
Cisco
played
a
very
large
role
in
commercial
landings
and
right
around
1940s,
the
40s,
those
those
numbers
declined
and
further
declined
until
about
the
1960s,
where
they've
remained
really
low
in
abundance.
So
it's
not
quite
zero.
M
This
is
the
last
30
years,
40
years
of
that
time,
series,
and
so
just
to
give
you
a
reference.
The
red
circle
kind
of
shows
you
that
really
low
abundance
and
what
I
really
find
interesting
about
this
graph
is,
is
the
colors
the
color
bars
where
these
fish
are
actually
coming
from
the
black
on
the
bottom
is
our
Cisco
landings
in
Ontario,
Lika
or
Ontario
waters,
which
is
Georgian
Bay.
M
The
lighter
gray
right
above
that
is
in
the
North
channel
of
Lake
Huron,
which
is
still
Ontario
waters
with
the
white
on
top
of
that
being
Ontario
waters
of
the
main
basin
and
Lake
Huron,
and
then
the
top,
the
top
bar,
which
is
the
dark
gray.
Those
are
Cisco
landings
and
northern
Lake
Huron,
and
so
historically,
in
the
last
40
years,
there's
not
been
any
records
in
southern
Lake,
Huron
and
again.
I
mentioned
that
fish
community
that
yield
of
Lake
of
Lake
herring
or
Cisco
at
3.8
million
kilograms.
M
And
you
see
for
the
last
decade,
or
so,
we
have
not
been
reaching
that
dashed
line
of
3.8
million
kilograms,
all
more
reason
for
the
Cisco
reintroduction
efforts,
so
I
want
to
roll
into
the
case
for
Lake
Huron,
and
why
now
was
the
time
for
Cisco
reintroduction
and
recovery
so
Cisco,
as
I
showed
you
earlier
to
provide
for
commercial
fishery
and
the
recreational
fishery
within
not
just
Saginaw
Bay,
but
Lake
Huron
and
Lake
parts
of
Lake
Michigan.
It
already
does.
M
They
can
also
benefit
predatory
fish
species
because
it
would,
it
would
provide
them
an
additional
prey
source
and
not
just
an
additional
prey
source
but
a
larger
prey
source,
a
larger
prey
source
that
can
help
promote
predator
growth
and
then,
as
we
saw
in
mr.
Briggs
presentation
earlier,
with
the
decline
of
alewife,
which
used
to
be
a
common
prey
item
and
a
pretty
common
pre
species
in
the
diets
in
Lake
Huron.
M
And
then
we,
the
Cisco,
that
our
stock
can
be
providing
a
plastic
buffer
for
yellow
perch
within
Saginaw
Bay
in
other
areas
of
Lake
Huron.
They
also
differ
from
other
plant
expression.
They
may
really
Cisco
really
help
connect
those
near
shore
to
offshore
food
webs,
which
is
really
what
we're
missing
down
in
here
at
Southern,
Lake,
Huron
and
lastly,
the
lower
trophic
food
web
looks
very
much
like
Lake
Superior,
which
is
where
Cisco
have
thrived.
On
a
you
know,
a
very
select
lower
trophic
food
web.
M
M
Design
is
we're
having
an
annual
target
of
1
million
fingerlings
that
are
stocked
for
the
next
ten
years,
split
between
a
spring
and
a
fall
life
stage,
and
that
is
to
evaluate
kind
of
a
relative
for
performance
of
each
of
those
stages.
Now
we
haven't
been
able
to
assess
the
spring
component,
yet
the
goal
is
to
do
that,
yet
this
spring
in
in
May
or
June.
If
the
fish
reach
the
appropriate
size,
we
had
construction
going
on
in
our
hatchery
system,
so
the
water
was
not.
M
M
So
again,
just
as
just
a
reminder,
we
collect
gametes
and
Witney
babe,
which
is
an
abandoned
of
Drummond
Island.
That's
where
one
source
population
that
we're
collecting
these
gametes
from
this
year
was
the
first
year
that
we
actually
sampled
Witney
Bay.
We
had
done
some
work
on
the
north
and
side
by
Clodagh,
Anderson,
Bay
and
just
anecdotally
from
some
local
anglers.
They
said
well,
if
you're
looking
for
Cisco,
you
gotta
go
to
Whitney
Bay,
all
right.
M
So
that's
where
we
went
and
this
year
the
spawning
began
began
about
a
week
week
and
half
early
and
we
were
able
to
catch
enough
pairs
to
meet
our
target
needs
for
the
number
of
eggs
and
we
had
a
half
for
stocking
and
then
the
western
site.
There
is
in
Malaysia
two
islands
and
we're
sampling
the
embankments
there
as
well
November
red
around
deer
season
during
deer
season.
M
M
If
you
look
at
the
the
map
there
on
the
left,
you
see
the
yellow
circle,
that's
where
those
fish
were
stocked
up
by
white
stone
point
and
we
these
Cisco
were
three
to
four
inches
in
length,
and
this
was
unlike
any
other
stocking
program
that
the
official
wallet
service
has
been
a
part
of
you
know.
We've
been
stocking
lake,
trout
and
Lake
Huron
Lake
Michigan
for
for
many
many
years-
and
you
know,
Cisco
are
not
like
Lake
trumped.
M
They
don't
crowd
like
lake
trout,
they
don't
feed
like
Lake,
throw
they
don't
behave
like
lake
trout,
they
don't
take
stress
like
Lake
Trump,
and
so
it
was
a
real
challenge
to
you
know
not
only
just
go
out
and
collect
the
gametes,
which
I'll
mention
a
few
of
the
challenges
there
in
a
moment,
but
do
to
get
the
gametes
to
get
them
in
the
hatchery
to
rear
them
at
the
production
level
of
you
know
this.
Past
year
we
collected
just
a
shade
over
two
million
eggs.
M
To
get
them
to
three
to
four
inches
was
a
challenge.
Now
we
have
this
next
step
in
the
next
hurdle,
which
is
to
load
them
on
trucks,
transport
them
across
the
state
and
either
a
stock
them
by
shore
or
B
load
them
onto
our
offshore
stocking
vessel,
which
is
an
additional
stressor
and
see
how
they
handle
an
additional
boat
ride
out
to
an
offshore
patient,
and
it
was.
It
was
really
a
learning
experience,
but
really
encouraging
and
very
rewarding,
so
the
offshore
stocking.
M
As
I
mentioned,
we
use
the
Spencer
F
Baird,
which
is
on
the
official
online
service
stocking
vessel.
We
wanted
to
see
if
this
stocking
technique
added
any
additional
mortality
to
the
Sisqo
that
we're
trying
to
stock
and
the
short
term
results
indicated
that
it
did
not
have
any
additional
mortality.
The
fish
actually
handled
it
very,
very
well,
but
well,
both
not
just
the
loading
but
transport
to
the
dock,
from
the
dock
to
the
to
the
vessel,
and
then
the
vessels
ride
out
and
then
being
dumped
into
lake
lake
huron.
M
The
short
stocking
was
actually
a
short
stocking
attraction.
A
lot
of
the
locals
up
by
Whitestone
point
already
knew
we
were
coming
even
before
the
truck
showed
up
at
the
beach
and
we
were
very
supportive
and-
and
that
really
is
a
big
thank
you
to
all
of
you
that
you
know
are
talking
to
others
and
sharing.
You
know
the
great
work
that's
going
on
here
in
Saginaw
Bay,
because
it
was,
it
was
really
exciting
to
see
these
fish
take
off
and
you'll
be
a
part
of
a
historical
event.
M
The
the
challenge
you
know
each
technique
has
its
own
challenges
using
the
vessel.
You
know
you
have
to
you
have
to
worry
about
whether
fish
gets
seasick
go
figure.
So
you
gotta
wait.
You
have
to
have
calm
weather
days,
but
then
again
with
short
stocking.
You
have
to
have
a
suitable
spot
to
take
these
trucks
down
into
our
largest
truck,
weighs
just
shy
of
66
thousand
pounds.
M
It
has
for
1,100
50
gallon
tanks,
so
it's
not
like
you're,
just
gonna
roll
up
to
a
beach
and
back
it
down
to
the
water's
edge
and
dump
these
fish.
You
have
to
have
an
area
where
you
can
get
the
pipes
into
the
water
and
get
the
trucks
close
enough
to
get
those
fish
in
the
water
with
short
stocking.
You
have
bird
predation,
you
know
in
the
fall.
Cormorants
are
migrating
through,
so
we
have
to
kind
of
mitigate
for
those
challenges.
M
If
you
stock
too
late
after
dark
your
headlamp,
the
truck
lights,
the
house
lights
dolezal
attract
the
fish
back
in
the
shore,
so
he
can't
stocked
when
it's
too
dark.
It's
got
to
be
just
that
right
of
that
dust
zone.
So
again,
all
that
all
things
that
we
know
lessons
that
we
learned
that
we're
gonna
learn
know
mitigate
moving
forward,
but
overall,
a
really
successful
year.
We've
already
had
reports
of
some
success
from
the
stocking
days
and
weeks
after
the
stocking
events.
M
A
commercial
beach
sailor
had
captured
some
of
the
Sisqo
that
we
had
just
stocked
in
his
beach
scenes,
with
a
bunch
of
emerald
shiners
at
Thomas,
Bay
up
in
Thomas,
Point
and
down
at
our
gray.
So
again,
you
know
pretty
fair
distance
away
from
the
stocking
locations
and
they're
already.
You
know
they
were
already
surviving
days
and
weeks,
post
stocking,
which
is
again
very
very
exciting.
M
You
know
we
want
to
be
able
to
stock
these
fish
and
are
they
moving
to
inner
Bay
or
are
they
staying
in
outer
Bay?
Are
they
leaving
Saginaw
Bay
completely?
This
kind
of
information
is
want
to
help
us
understand
what
the
Lake
hearing
or
Cisco
are
doing
within
Saginaw
Bay
and
Lake
Huron
in
general,
moving
forward
when
the
fish
start
getting
large
enough,
because
right
now
there
might
be
six
inches.
So
you
may
not
keep
them,
there's
still
a
little
small,
but
when
they
get
bigger
those
Cisco
that
are
in
Lake
Huron
that
are
captured.
M
M
Lastly,
I
have
to
acknowledge
all
of
our
terrific
partners
that
have
been
helping
on
this
project.
You
know
Dave
feel,
there's
been
a
huge
asset
to
this
project
and
with
his
knowledge
of
Saginaw
Bay,
our
federal
hatchery
program,
which
again
this
is
not
like
I
mentioned
earlier-
they're,
not
like
lake
trout
and
my
staff
at
the
opine
official,
our
conservation
office.
M
We've
we've
been
doing
this
for
about
four
years
now,
four
or
five
years
now,
we've
missed
we've
had
Thanksgiving
in
the
U
P
together
once
and
we've
missed
deer
season,
three
of
the
last
three
or
four
the
last
five
years.
So
it's
a
it's
a
big
undertaking.
Everybody
loves
deer
season,
but
they
recognize
that
this
is
a
big
project
with
you
know,
hopefully
huge
outcomes
in
the
coming
years
here
and
with
that,
if
we
have
time
yeah
I'll
take
a
few
questions.
M
D
M
What
we're
gonna
find
out
I
think
we
need
to
see
what
the
behavior
of
these
fish,
what
the
behavior
of
the
fish
is
going
to
be
in
Saginaw
Bay,
you
know,
are
they
going
to
stay
relatively
near
shore?
Are
they
gonna
stay
offshore
or
anything?
Come
inner
Bay?
You
know,
what's
their
movements
gonna?
What
does
it
movement
gonna
look
like
and
then
it's
and
it's
it's
it's
seasonal.
You
have
seasonal
variations
as
well.
M
Great
question
so
in
northern
Lake
Huron
we're
capturing
Cisco
that
are
we're
using
for
gamming
collections
anywhere
from
12
to
24
inches,
so
they
can
get
pretty
good
size,
good
smoking
size.
So
in
the
back,
so
those
those
fish
that
we
just
stocked
last
fall.
Those
gametes
were
collected
about
a
year
before,
so
they
were
about
a
year
old,
three
to
four
inches.
M
J
J
M
That
so,
in
the
fall
that
time
of
year,
ten
to
twenty
feet,
yes,
yeah
because
we
need
to
be
at,
we
need
to
have
the
ripe
and
running
fish
that
literally
these
are.
These
are
two
our
three
our
net
soaks
and
we're
getting
those
fish
right
on
the
water
alive
and
to
the
hatchery
staff,
which
they
do
their
their
thing
with
the
males
and
the
females
and
the
very
next
day
those
eggs
are
sent
to
the
hatchery
yeah.
M
M
Again,
I
would
say
it's
a
seasonal
thing
in
the
summertime
in
Lake
Superior
and
even
northern
Lake
Huron
they're
right
at
the
thermocline.
So
if
there's
a
real
strong
thermal
client
in
inner
Bay,
then
you'll
find
them
right
at
that
thermic
line,
but
more
likely
they're
gonna
be
an
alder
Bay.
At
that
thermic
line
in
the
spring,
you
may
find
them
in
closer
to
Saginaw
Bay.
Historically,
there
are
sites
within
inner
Bay
that
were
identified
for
spawning
habitat.
You
know
similar
what
kind
of
Dave
showed
on
a
sparring
map.
A
A
I
hope
you
guys
are
finding
some
good
information
so
far
and
having
a
chance
to
ask
those
questions
and
we'll
have
a
lot
more
to
share
here
in
the
last
bit
of
time
we
have
left
so
one
of
the
things
that
I've
been
excited
about
in
my
role
with
Michigan
Sea
Grant
in
working
with
Meghan
is
connecting
the
fisheries
world
and
the
fisheries
work
that
we
do
with
teachers
and
education.
We
have
some
educators
in
a
room
that
are
thinking
about
how
do
these
fish
fish
go
to
school
right
fish
live
in
schools
yeah!
A
It's
another
bad
joke!
Sorry!
This
idea
of
how
can
we
use
our
amazing
Great,
Lakes
resources
and
our
fisheries
to
get
kids
excited
about
learning
and
get
kids
excited
about
this
really
cool
resource?
We
have
right
in
our
own
backyard,
so
Meghan
has
been
working
in
the
community
with
a
lot
of
partners
that
have
already
been
mentioned,
but
thinking
about
the
state
threatened
lake
sturgeon
and
how
to
get
folks
excited
about
fisheries
through
a
threatened
species.
That's
prehistoric
and
just
really
cool,
so
Meghan.
L
Well,
like
Brandon,
said
I'm
going
to
be
highlighting
some
of
the
education
efforts
surrounding
the
lake
sturgeon
reintroduction
efforts
in
the
Saginaw
Bay
watershed.
So
this
is
actually
a
sturgeon
that
was
released
in
the
cast
River
this
past
summer
in
August,
but
the
this
reintroduction
effort
was
launched
originally
in
2017
by
Michigan
Department
of
Natural
Resources,
and
it's
expanded
in
2018,
with
a
partnership
with
US,
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service,
and
they
are
reintroducing
lake
sturgeon
into
the
Saginaw
Bay
watershed
releasing
fish
fish
into
the
cast
Flint.
Today
bossy
and
Shiawassee
rivers.
L
L
There's
a
commitment
for
the
next
20
years
to
release
these
lake
sturgeon,
that
are
a
state
threatened
species
and
each
fall
they'll
be
releasing
about
1,500
lake
sturgeon
fingerlings,
in
addition
to
the
partners
that
are
helping
with
the
rearing
of
the
fish
in
the
hatchery.
There
are
also
a
lot
of
partners
on
the
ground
that
are
helping
with
some
of
the
education
and
outreach
efforts,
including
Saginaw
Bay
win
and
the
Conservation
Fund
they've,
provided
a
grant
to
help
support
some
of
these
extensions
into
the
community,
including
the
community
outreach
events.
L
So
last
August
there
was
a
large
lake
sturgeon
release,
effort
that
occurred
at
the
Frankenmuth
Rock
wrap
dam,
and
this
is
a
way
of
celebrating
to
all
the
restoration
efforts
that
have
occurred
in
the
watershed
that
have
led
to
the
release
and
reintroduction
of
lake
sturgeon.
So
at
this
event
there
were
close
to
200
people
that
attended
and
lots
of
people
that
were
excited
to
release
lake
sturgeon
into
the
cast
River.
L
And
then
these
sturgeon
will
not
reach
adulthood
for
20
years,
which
is
pretty
cool
when
thinking
about
youth,
releasing
these
fish
into
the
watershed
and
will
be
planning
more
of
these
community
outreach
events.
This
fall.
So
we
hope
some
of
you
or
all
of
you
will
be
in
attendance
at
the
different
locations
and
then
in
partnership
with
sturgeon
for
tomorrow
and
Department
of
Michigan
DNR
we've
expanded
the
sturgeon
and
the
classroom
efforts
here
with
local
schools,
so
white
pine
middle
school.
L
They
started
participating
in
this
effort
last
school
year
and
they
raised
a
lake
sturgeon
fingerling
in
the
classroom
and
then
st.
Lawrence
School
in
Frankenmuth
and
Western
middle
school
have
also
expanded
and
are
now
program
participants
in
the
sturgeon
in
the
classroom
efforts.
So
they
get
to
raise
the
fingerling
over
the
course
of
the
school
year
and
then,
with
the
support
of
MSU
Extension
and
Michigan
Sea
Grant
we're
piloting
a
curriculum
to
help
embed
more
of
these
lessons
in
the
classroom
related
to
lake
sturgeon,
there's
also
a
website
where
you
can
learn
more.
L
If
you
go
to
Saginaw
Bay
sturgeon
org,
this
website
was
developed
by
a
Saginaw
Bay
win
and
the
Conservation
Fund
with
Mike
Kelly's
leadership,
and
this
is
a
great
way
to
get
more
information
about
the
what's
going
on
with
the
restoration
effort
in
Saginaw
Bay
related
to
lake
sturgeon,
and
you
can
also
get
updates
about
the
project
and
who
you
should
contact
and
more
information
that
way
and
then
on
the
website.
You
can
also
so
as
a
part
of
this
project.
L
So
this
is
one
of
the
lake
sturgeon
from
Salem.
This
is
the
lake
sturgeon
that
they're
raising
at
st.
Lawrence
School
and
it's
eating
blood
worms
right
now
and
his
name
is
Stuart
little
yeah,
so
just
a
fun
way
of
celebrating
all
the
great
work
and
restoration
that's
going
on
in
the
watershed
that
has
led
to
the
reintroduction
of
these
lake
sturgeon.
So
any
questions.
N
L
We're
hoping
to
expand
to
have
more
classrooms,
but
this
is
something
that
needs
to
be
done
in
partnership
with
DNR,
so
currently,
I
think
there
are
a
little
over
ten
classrooms
across
the
state
of
Michigan
that
participate
in
this
program,
but
since
they
are
a
federally
threatened,
our
state
threatened
species.
We
have
to
follow
a
lot
of
the
permit
guidelines
for
it.
A
To
restoration,
oriented
fish
and
I
think
maybe
most
of
you
came
with
walleye
approach
undermined,
and
so
we
always
try
to
make
sure
these
evenings
incorporate
a
nice
update
and
a
fielder
from
the
Michigan
Department
has
resources.
This
is
you
refer
something
a
status
check
and
look
at
how
our
perch
and
wallet
deflected
the
Saginaw
Bay.
So
with
that
Thank.
K
You
Brandon
there's
always
a
lot
of
different
ways.
I
can
organize
these
presentations
and
I
thought
tonight.
Maybe
we
just
kind
of
do
it
from
the
context
of
the
recent
regulation,
changes
I,
say
recent,
but
it
really
hasn't
been
to
reason.
It
was
late
2015
that
the
management
around
yellow,
perch
and
walleye
and
the
recreational
fishery
was
changed
up
so
we're
going
in
the
year
for
now
of
these
particular
regulations.
K
So
specifically
with
walleye,
the
minimum
length
limit
was
reduced
from
15
to
13
inches
and
the
daily
bag
limit
was
increased
from
5
to
8,
and
then
the
number
of
different
things
were
done
to
try
to
benefit
or
increase
your
perch
abundance.
One
of
them
was
the
liberalized
walleye
harvest
regulations
that
if
we
take
out
my
wall
either
gonna
eat
less
perches
the
idea
there,
but
there
was
also
one
commercial
fishery
that
was
basically
relocated.
The
recreational
daily
bag
limit
was
dropped
from
50
to
25
in
the
Saginaw
Bay.
K
That's
now
going
statewide
this
year
and
then
also
to
join
and
support
the
Cisco
reintroduction
effort
that
Chris
talked
about
earlier
and
I'll
explain
the
connection
to
that.
So,
each
year
we
have
revisited
these
to
see
if
this
is
still
the
right
course
to
be
on
there's
been
lots
of
debate
among
staff
and
then
I
know,
there's
a
lot
of
debate
on
social
media
among
fishermen
and
whether
what
we're
getting
for
these
regulation
changes.
K
K
Of
course.
We
want
to
increase
the
abundance
back
to
traditional
levels,
and
that
mean
mainly
means
by
increasing
survival.
You
know
to
show
you
some
graphs
on
that,
so
the
sources
of
information
for
all
this
stem
from
our
annual
fish
Community
Survey,
are
our
netting
survey.
We
use
both
gill
nets
and
trawls.
Andrew
Briggs
already
described
the
forage
base
that
stems
from
the
trawling
data
that
is
collected
and
then
the
gillnetting
portion
is
what
really
gives
us
information
on
the
adult
fish.
K
Then
there's
a
walleye
jaw
tagging
program
that
gives
us
information
on
exploitation
rates
and
mortality
rates,
the
creel
survey,
when
you
get
interviewed
by
a
krill
clerk
and
then
there's
also
flights
to
count
boats.
All
that
is
information
is
used
to
estimate
how
much
recreational
harvest
and
effort
there
is.
Then
we
have
commercial
reporting
from
the
commercial
fishery,
and
then
we
have
computer
models
that
synthesize
a
lot
of
this
information.
So
all
this
is
intended
to
try
to
help
us
really
basically
understand.
K
K
So
this
the
fishing
year
is
actually
like
from
not
a
calendar
year,
but
rather
from
like
April
first
around
through
the
through
the
following
winter
fishery,
and
the
reason
we
do
that
sometimes
is
because
that
way
the
fish
were
the
same
age
throughout
that
whole
time,
they're
not
having
a
birthday
in
the
middle
of
the
year,
because
a
lot
of
our
analysis
is
age
based.
It
makes
more
sense
to
do
that.
So
the
blue
portion
of
the
bar
is
from
the
open
water
fishery
and
then
the
red
is
the
winter
harvest.
K
And
then
this
little
part
on
top
is
a
charter
boat
harvest,
and
so
all
these
together
basically
constitute
the
recreational
fishery
and
we
can
see
how
its
expanded
while
I
recovered
in
Saginaw
Bay.
The
fishery
has
expanded
too,
and
it
was
really
here
that
we
implemented
first
implemented
the
liberalized
walleye
harvest
regulations.
So
if
you're
going
to
raise
the
limit
and
lower
the
length
limit,
you
predict
the
harvest
is
going
to
go
up
right
and
in
actuality.
K
Before
so
now,
all
of
a
sudden,
we
see
a
big
surge
in
walleye
harvest
and
actually
that
response
or
precipitates
a
question.
Oh
boy,
where
are
we
at
relative
to
those
measures
of
sustainability?
Are
we
risking
over
harvest,
or
is
this
actually
just
progress
towards
our
goals?
So
that's
part
of
what
I'm
going
to
try
to
address
tonight,
I'm,
going
to
jump
back
and
forth
from
information
about
the
fishery
with
staffs
of
the
fish
population,
I'm
also
going
to
talk
some
more
about
ill
perch.
K
Specifically,
here
are
some
just
some
scenes
from
the
past
couple
years
of
what
the
fishery
has
been
like
from
the
ice
fishery
and
the
open
water
fishery,
lots
and
lots
of
fishing
efforts
if
you've
been
fishing
the
bay
at
all.
You
no
doubt
experienced
this
yourself.
Sometimes
it's
just
almost
impossible
to
even
find
a
parking
place
at
some
of
our
access
points.
That's
a
good
problem
to
have
lots
of
people
are
participating
and
utilizing
the
fishery,
and
we
like
to
see
that.
K
But
it's
also
symptomatic
of
an
increasingly
intensive
exploitation
that
we're
trying
to
understand
here's
an
interesting
change
between
what
anglers
are
fishing
for
and
the
open
water
fishery
is
over
there,
and
you
can
see
that
the
green
part
is
60%.
That's
mostly
walleyes
that
they're
targeting
the
18%
is
yellow
perch
and
then
those
other
colors
are
either
anything
or
other
species,
and
that's
about
the
way
it
is
always
in
the
open
water
fish.
But
here
in
the
ice
history,
things
really
changed
now,
there's
equal
pursuit
of
yellow,
perch
and
walleye.
K
It
used
to
be
the
yellow.
Perch
was
about
75%
of
the
target,
and
while
I
were
a
minority,
more
and
more
people
are
now
specifically
targeting
walleye
in
the
winter
fishery
and
understandably
so
it
was
really
good
the
past
couple
of
years.
Also,
a
big
change
is
that
the
winter
fishery
now
in
the
2018
fishing
year
or
2017
fishing
year,
was
55
percent
of
the
total
effort.
So
there
was
more
effort
in
the
winter
fishery
than
there
was
in
the
open
water
fishery.
K
So
this
is
some
of
the
trawl
and
information
like
Andrews
showed
effect.
I
think
he
even
showed
this
exact
slide.
This
is
a
catch
rate
and
ten
minutes
of
towing
the
trawl
in
the
in
Saginaw
Bay
for
young
if
you're
a
wall,
that's
age,
zero
or
young
of
year.
So
in
the
fall
they're
about
this
big,
but
this
they
they
aren't
one-year-old.
Yet
this
is
just
their
first
fall
of
life
and
the
percentages
is
a
hatchery
contribution
back
when
we
used
to
stock
fish.
K
We
knew
this
because
of
the
oxytetracycline
marking
that
we
do
so
we
could
tell
a
hatchery
first
from
a
wild
fish,
and
you
can
see
that
we
were
hatchery
dependent.
We
didn't
have
huge
height
bars
back
then
plus
they
were
mostly
all
dependent
on
unhappy
surface.
Well,
everything
changed
when
al
Ives
disappeared
from
Lake
Huron,
so
there
was
a
lot
of
consequences
for
our
chinook
salmon
and
when
the
lis
disappeared,
but
the
silver
lining
to
that
is
that
walleyes
were
able
to
reproduce
much
better.
K
That's
because
the
lis
would
come
onshore
for
spawning
right
about
the
same
time.
The
perch
and
walleye
fry
were
emerging
and
they
would
eat
the
perch
along
I-5.
So
in
the
absence
of
their
lives,
reproductive
success
of
walleye
and
yellow
perch
exploded
and
that's
how
we
were
able
to
achieve
recovery.
So
we
knew
that
these
were
all
while
fist,
because
the
percentage
of
hatchery
fish
went
way
down,
so
we
discontinued
stocking
in
2006
and
the
rest
is
history.
K
So
this
is
our
first
look
at
how
much
reproduction
is
taking
place
in
the
bay,
but
what
we've
intresting
we
have
learned
is
that
this
does
not
always
predict
strong
your
classes
it
used
to,
but
now
that's
sort
of
decoupled.
How
strong
or
weak
of
particular
your
class
of
law
is
seems
to
be
set
at
later
ages
and
the
same
phenomenon
happened
in
Lake
Erie
when
it
recovered
at
any
rate.
K
K
This
is
the
same
fish
a
year
later
and
you
can
see
it's
a
very
different,
looking
sort
of
pattern,
and
this
is
a
little
bit
better
indicator
of
of
your
class
strengths
because
now
they're
getting
older
and
we
can
see
some
of
the
stronger
classes
in
the
past
or
so.
This
is
a
survey
you
know,
so
the
your
class
strengths
would
be
the
year
behind
the
site
be
like
2005.
Was
that
one,
the
big
2003
your
class?
Was
this
one?
K
The
most
recent
year
here
is
a
year
after
the
large
harvest
of
in
the
fishery
that
I
described,
and
we
can
see
that
it's
about
our
fourth
highest
year
of
abundance.
So,
even
though
we
had
a
lot
of
harvest,
we
still
have
a
lot
of
laws
out
there.
According
to
our
tournament
survey,
if
we
overlay
the
angler
catch
rate,
that's
seola
and
I
just
popped
up
there
on
the
other
y-axis
over
here.
This
is
how
many
walls
per
hour
the
recreational
fishery
is
averaging
it's
at
a
very
high
level.
K
This
is
an
estimate
of
how
many
walleyes
are
actually
in
the
population.
This
is
a
result
of
a
computer
model
that
synthesizes
a
lot
of
these
different
inputs
to
make
estimates
of
how
many
Y's
are
out
there.
So
these
are
age,
2
and
older
walleyes.
So
what's
interesting
is,
is
the
2017
fishing
year
went
way
up
here?
That's
the
addition
of
about
1.8
million
2
year
old
fish,
so
this
is
this
starts
at
age
2
and
goes
older.
That
would
be
the
about
the
2015
ear
class.
K
So
one
of
the
things
that
drove
that
big
expansion
and
harvest
was
that
we
had
a
lot
of
young
fish
coming
in
and
they
were
just
making
that
13
inches
and
14
inches
size
range,
and
that
was
helping
the
fuel
the
fishery,
so
yeah
a
lot
of
walleyes
came
out,
but
a
lot
of
walleyes
were
coming
into
the
system
we're
running
at
one
of
our
highest
abundances
right
now.
According
to
this,
this
is
a
growth
rate
of
age.
K
Three
walleyes
and
we're
using
just
h3
is
sort
of
a
convenient
indicator,
but
you
could
do
this
with
other
ages.
The
reason
we're
interested
in
growth
rate
is
that
this
is
a
another
indicator
of
how
much
fish
we
have
out
there
how
much
abundance,
because
growth
rate
is
density
dependent,
so
the
fewer
you
have
the
faster
they're
going
to
grow
right
because
it
was
less
competition.
K
The
more
you
have
the
slower
you're
going
to
grow,
and
we
can
really
see
that
back
here
before
we
achieve
recovery,
they
were
growing
at
about
a
hundred
and
thirty
seven
percent
of
the
state
average
growth
rate.
In
fact,
we
had
so
much
confidence
in
our
ability,
the
measured
growth
that
we
mused
this
as
one
of
our
principal
indicators
of
recovery.
K
We
said
we
would
know
when
we
reach
our
recovery
targets
when
the
growth
rate
of
walleye
came
down
to
within
a
hundred
and
ten
percent
of
the
state
average
growth
rate
for
collections
at
time
of
year
or
boil
it
for
three
out
of
five
years.
The
first
year
we
achieved
that
was
in
2009.
So
technically
we
reached
our
recovery
targets
for
walleye
in
2009.
K
So
what
we're
looking
at
is
what
it
has
growth
done
since
then.
Well,
let's
come
back
up
some,
but
it's
still
in
the
in
this
zone.
The
most
recent
year
it's
gone
down
a
little
bit,
so
we
don't
see
any
big
changes
in
growth
rate,
which
is
a
further
indication
that
we
really
haven't
had
much
change
in
the
overall
abundance
of
while
I.
In
spite
of
that
that
harvest
this
is
the
percent
of
spawning
stock
biomass
relative
to
the
unfished
level.
Some,
let
me
explain
how
we
calculate
this
one
of
our
models.
K
We
can
make
forecasts
of
what
the
population
will
do
under
different
fishing
scenarios
and
we
can
simulate
it,
so
we
can
actually
turn
off
fisheries
and
see
how
much
the
female
walleye
come
up
once
we
know
that
level,
that's
called
the
unfished
level.
We
never
want
to
be
below
the
20%
level
of
that.
This
is
a
threshold
that
indicates
sustainability.
Basically,
how
many
females
out
there
is
what
this
comes
down
to,
and
our
threshold
from
sustainability
is
20%.
We
want
to
be
north
of
that
line.
K
This
is
the
same
indicator
of
sustainability
that
they
use
on
Lake,
Erie,
and
so
what
we're
looking
for
is
what
happened
in
2017
fishing
year
after
that
big
harvest.
Well,
that
barely
budged,
so
we're
still
well
north
of
that,
and
this
this
particular
metric,
like
the
other
ones,
I've
been
showing
you.
This
says
that
there's
no
sign
of
over
harvest
this
is
total
annual
mortality
rate
for
different
three
different
age
groups.
No
check
that,
let
me
see
this
is
catch
rate.
Am
I
showing
it
here?
K
This
is
the
harvest
rate
of
walleye
in
the
bay
between
the
open
water,
fishery,
the
winter
fishery
and
then
the
toll-
and
it's
just
a
way
of
breaking
out
the
fisheries
so
that
we
can
see
really
how
the
how
they
trended
in
that
most
recent
fishing
year
that
one
that
was
a
record
level.
So
you
can
really
see
how
the
winter
fishery
shot
up,
but
so
did
the
the
open
water
fishery
and
then
the
angler
catch
rate
went
up.
K
This
is
exploitation
rate,
so
exploitation
rate
can
be
thought
of
as
a
percentage
of
the
adult
population
that's
being
harvested,
so
we
have
two
ways
of
measuring
that,
and
this
is
from
our
jaw
tag
returns.
The
jaw
tagging
gives
us
an
estimate
of
exploitation
rate,
and
this
is
from
our
one
of
our
computer
models
and
what
we're
looking
for
is
what
happened
in
the
most
recent
year
and
we
can
see
that
they
agree
fairly.
Well,
one
says
twenty-nine
percent
one
says
25
percent.
K
We
don't
have
a
specific
metric
worked
out
for
to
define
sustainability,
around
exploitation
rate,
but
generally
healthy,
walleye
populations
consisting
exploitation
rates
around
thirty
five
percent,
and
sometimes
as
much
as
even
50
percent
I'm,
not
necessarily
recommending
that.
But
my
point
is:
is
that
were
below
those
values,
and
so,
although
exploitation
rate
went
up
is
really
not
indicating
an
over
harvest,
this
is
fishing
mortality.
That's
kind
of
like
a
mortality
rate
that
is
specifically
attributed
to
the
recreational
fishery
and
part
of
our
objective.
K
Now,
let
me
switch
gears
and
talk
about
yellow
perch
for
a
minute.
This
is
back
to
the
Andrews
trawling
data
and
there's
two
different
ages
of
yellow
perch
on
here.
The
yellow
bar
is
the
young
of
year.
That's
the
age,
zero,
yellow,
perch
they're
hatched
each
spring
and
then
the
the
other
color,
the
purple
or
whatever
that
is,
is
the
yearling
and
older
and
of
course,
that's
the
perch
at
where
we
are
interested
in
or
in
the
case
of
the
commercial
fishery,
what
they
harvest.
K
So
for
a
long
time
we
had
some
reproduction
and
we
had
a
lot
of
older
perch.
That's
what
you'd
expect
things
began
to
change
about
the
time
that
zebra
mussels
first
invaded
and
then
when
air
lives
disappeared,
here's
what
happened
reproductive
success,
the
yellow
part
of
the
bar
on
yellow
perch
exploded,
just
like
it
did
with
law.
Great
news.
We
have
lots
and
lots
of
yellow
perch
reproduction
there's
no
problem
with
them
spawning
or
producing
young
fish.
K
But
what
we
see
is
we
don't
see
them
again,
then,
as
yearling
in
older
fish,
so
there's
clearly
a
survival
problem
or
you
could
express
it
as
a
mortality
issue.
There's
too
much
mortality
on
our
young,
yellow,
perch
something's
changed
we
used
to
have
abundant
young
fish
and
an
older
fish,
and
now
we
only
see
the
young
fish
come
back
a
year
later.
To
look
for
materially
uns
were
older,
they're
gone
or
at
least
in
very
low
abundance.
K
So
clearly
we
don't
have
a
reproductive
problem
with
perch
just
a
survival
problem,
and
this
is
how
it
expresses
itself.
This
is
the
recreational
fishery
here
on
top,
the
yellow
line
is
the
harvest
over
time
on
this
axis,
and
this
is
the
angler
catch
rate,
how
many
yellow
perch
per
hour
the
fishery
averages,
and
it's
been
going
down
down
down
for
a
long
time,
it's
kind
of
leveled
off,
but
at
very
low
levels
or
for
a
small
fraction
of
what
had
been
gone
on
in
the
past,
so
our
recreational
fishery.
K
Although
you
sometimes
hear
about
a
good
catch
of
yellow
perch
on
the
whole
on
average,
based
on
the
krill
survey,
its
greatly
depressed
and
the
commercial
fishery
is
same
thing,
they've
been
trending
the
very
same
way.
The
the
harvest
of
yellow
perch
has
gone
down,
in
fact,
they're
only
averaging
about
40,000
pounds
a
year
across
the
entire
commercial
fishery
and
saying
aye,
Bay,
and
that's
really
just
frankly,
I
think
by
cats
and
their
whatever
they're.
Targeting
for
white
fish,
the
yellow,
perch
fishing,
the
commercial
visitors,
largely
collapsed
as
it
has
for
the
recreational
fishery.
K
This
is
the
diet
of
walleyes,
not
unlike
what
was
described
earlier,
but
this
is
based
on
the
fish
that
we
sample
in
the
fall.
So
this
is
the
fall
die
and
sometimes
it's
different
across
season
for
walleye
the
yep
when
to
go
back.
The
yellow
part
here
is
the
representation
of
yellow
perch
in
the
diet,
and
this
color
here
is
L
lives,
and
this
color
here
is
gizzard
shad,
so
their
diet
used
to
be
dominated
walleyes,
we're
eating
our
lives
and
gizzard
shad.
K
Then,
when
the
al
Ives
disappeared,
well,
there's
still
some
gizzard
shad
being
eaten,
but
now
all
of
a
sudden,
yellow
perch
have
become
a
major
dietary
component
to
wise,
and
this
isn't
unique
to
us.
Every
predator,
we
open
is
feeding
heavily
on
these
young
abundant,
yellow
perch,
so
yellow
perch
have
kind
of
gone
from
a
middle-level
for
a
trophic
species
to
becoming
more
like
a
prey
fish
in
Saginaw,
Bay
and
I.
Think
this
is
this
is
why
the
OL
perch
buttons
is
so
low.
I
think
Andrew
showed
something
like
this.
K
This
is
the
overall
forage
index.
So
that's
all
these
species
combined
expressed
in
terms
of
kilograms
per
toe,
so
the
higher
the
bar,
the
more
forage
fish
we
have,
and
this
big
bar
back
here
was
just
one
of
light:
perch,
first
and
vanity
generally
the
state.
It
goes
back
far
enough
that
this
was
back
when
there's
still
a
lot
of
water
pollution
and
that
suppress
it.
This
is
more
characteristic
of
a
healthy
Saginaw
Bay
here
and
here's
what's
happened
since
about
2000
of
force.
K
It's
gone
down
down
down
down
down,
so
this
is
the
same
period
in
which
walleye
have
become
more
and
more
and
more
abundant.
So
I'm
convinced
that
this
is
a
result
of
heavy
predation
in
the
bay
that
basically,
the
Predators
are
causing
this
downward
turn
in
the
prey
base
and
the
risk
is
that
your
predator
heavy
and
prey
light-
and
you
see
that
expressed
in
the
growth
rate.
So
you
expect
some
of
that.
The
fishery
managers
were
very
interested
in
trying
to
reverse
this
trend.
K
Back
in
2015-2016
those
regulation,
changes
were
first
adopted
and
for
a
while
there
we
thought
we
were
making
some
progress,
but
now
it
seems
to
have
leveled
off
at
a
fairly
low
level.
So
this
is
one
of
the
things
that
we're
trying
to
change:
we're
not
really
seeing
much
change.
Likewise,
we're
trying
to
see
improvements
in
the
perch
abundance
and
we're
not
making
much
headway
there.
K
It
very
possibly
will
take
more
time,
but
in
terms
of
the
heavy
while
I
harvest
it.
We
just
don't
seem
to
be
making
a
dent
in
the
walleye
population,
not
enough
to
achieve
to
sort
effects
that
we're
looking
to
achieve
in
terms
of
improved
survival
or
more
abundant
prey
fish.
So
we're
learning
what
working
what
we
can
do
and
we're
trying
as
much
as
we
can
to
affect
this
through
the
levers
that
we
have
in
terms
of
promoting
walleye
harvest,
but
for
the
most
part
we
really
haven't
been
able
to
make
a
very
big
done.
K
K
This
is
just
some
interesting
fishery
statistics.
I
wanted
to
kind
of
end
with
this
is
the
catch
rate
for
people
who
report
that
they're,
specifically
targeting
walleye
here
and
in
Lake
Erie
they've
established
a
benchmark
that
they
want
to
be
right
around
point
for
walleyes
per
hour.
This
is
our
sake.
I'm
not
baiting,
and
you
can
see,
we've
been
on
either
side
of
the
line,
but
generally
we've
been
above
it
or
right
at
it
and
our
most
recent
information,
so
our
fishery
quality's
right
on
par
with
Lake
Erie.
K
K
K
This
is
overall
angler
effort
in
the
open
water
fishery
and
and
that's
our
most
consistently
surveyed
period
over
time.
So
that's
why
I'm
showing
you
that-
and
this
used
to
be
the
majority
of
the
harvest.
Although
that's
change
this
most
recent
year,
now
the
ice
fisheries
as
much
or
a
little
bit
more
than
the
open
waters
officially.
But
what
we
can
see
is
that
it
is
trending
downwards
over
time
and
there's
maybe
a
couple
different
reasons
for
this.
K
One
of
them
is
just
fewer
fewer
people
fishing
nowadays,
there's
more
competition
for
your
recreational
time
and
people
are
choosing
to
do
other
things.
Young
people
aren't
getting
into
fishing
like
a
lot
of
our
generation
did
so
those
kinds
of
things
this
isn't
unique
to
Saiga,
not
they.
We
see
this
across
Michigan
across
the
United
States,
but
some
of
the
other
phenomenon
could
be
that
walleye
fishing
is
so
good
is
that
people
are
getting
their
limit
or
get
reaching
their
level
of
satisfaction
and
leaving
for
the
day.
K
This
is
expressed
in
total
number
of
angler
hours
and
that's
a
result
of
our
krill
survey
estimates.
So
it
could
be
that
fishing,
so
good
people
are
actually
fishing
less
because
they
get
to
the
limit
or
they
were
happy
for
the
day
and
they're
off
the
water
and
a
couple
hours
where
they
used
to
have
to
fish
all
day
to
get
that
and
then
the
other
thing
is
that
could
be
availability
of
yellow
perch.
This
is
a
scatter
plot
of
how
good
yellow
perch
fishing
is.
This
is
angler
catch
rate
of
y'all
pert.
K
So
it's
really
good
here,
not
so
good
here
and
then
this
is
recreational
effort
pointed
out
and
clearly
you
can
see
that
the
better
the
perch
fishing,
the
more
effort
you
have.
So
that's
one
of
the
reasons
that
perches
important
is
that
it's
really
a
driver
of
effort
on
Saginaw
Bay,
so
we're
very
interested
in
trying
to
do
something
about
the
Opera
Cherie,
because
that's
really
going
to
drive
participation
and
the
more
people
we
have
fishing,
then
the
more
we
can
begin
to
affect
change
in
the
walleye
population.
K
K
What
I
have
here?
This
is
the
seasonality
of
the
fishery,
and
this
is
his
change.
It
used
to
be
that
well,
this
is
harvest
of
walleye
and
we
can
see
how
it's
relatively
high
in
the
summer
and
always
has
been,
but
this
is
for
2018.
It's
also
high.
In
the
winter
that
didn't
used
to
be
it
used
to
be
much
lower.
K
If
we
pop
in
yellow
perch,
we
can
see
that
your
perch
are
relatively
high
in
the
winter
and
low
in
the
summer,
and
so
this
that's
typical,
but
it's
unusual
that
wallet
would
be
so
high
in
the
winter.
And
although
this
looks
like
a
big
number
again,
that's
about.
We
used
to
harvest
upwards
of
five
million
yellow
perch
in
a
single
year.
So
the
fact
that
they're
getting
140,000-
it's
not
a
big
number
and
there's
what
fishing
effort
is
fishing
efforts
way
higher
now
in
the
winter
than
it
is
in
the
summer.
K
So
it's
new
I
just
wanted
to
mention
the
walleye
jaw
tagging
program.
Again,
if
you
catch
a
jaw
tag
walleye,
it's
really
important
that
you
report
it
to
the
DNR
there's
an
address
on
there,
and
these
reports
go
to
Katherine
Schroeder
who's
in
the
back
here
and
she
will
generate
a
letter
and
send
it
back
to
you
that
tells
you
sort
of
the
history
of
that
fish
and
there
are
as
a
subset
of
these,
it
includes
$100
rewards.
K
So
it's
really
worth
your
your
time
to
look
closely
at
those
tags
and
if
that's
the
case
and
you're
gonna
get
some
money
for
it.
That's
we
depend
on
participation
from
anglers
in
order
to
get
this
information.
I'm
back
and
I've
already
showed
you
some
of
the
ways
that
we
make
use
of
that
information.
I
wanted
to
touch
a
bit
more
on
the
Cisco.
Our
restoration
effort
that
Chris
described
in
detail.
K
I
wanted
to
point
out
a
couple
things:
the
Cisco
reintroduction
is
as
much
about
trying
to
do
something
about
the
forage
base
or
the
prey
fish
as
it
is
trying
to
create
opportunities
for
a
recreational
fishery
or
commercial
fishery.
Yes,
we
can
fish
for
these
fish,
but
a
lot
of
fun
to
fish
for
they're
great
to
smoke,
eat
fresh.
You
can
can
them
there's
a
potential
for
commercial
fishery
for
them,
but
also
all
our
predators
will
feed
on
Cisco
wise
will
feed
on
these
up
and
lakes
appears
and
Hawk
will
feed
on
these.
K
So
this
is
about
trying
to
do
something
for
the
prey
bees.
This
isn't
intended
so
much
to
be
a
Saginaw
Bay
restoration
effort,
as
it
is
say,
gamma
bay
is
just
the
the
restoration
nursery
stocking
site,
we're
hoping
that
these
fish
will
ultimately
go
out
to
the
main
basin,
that's
where
they
usually
go
like
in
Lake
Superior.
K
That's
where
they'll
find
their
planktonic
food
that
they're
going
to
feed
on,
and
they
probably
would
all
inhabit
the
bay
for
me
with
our
first
year
as
a
nursery
ground,
but
if
they
do
that,
then
our
walleyes
may
feed
on
them
and
get
that
predation
buffer.
That
will
benefit
Yelper.
So
that's
the
connection
back
to
the
purse,
not
out
of
what
else.
This
is
really
very
experimental.
We
don't
exactly
know
what
will
happen,
but
this
is
a
native
fish.
It's
very
common
and
historically
was
in
abundance
and
say
gonna
be
along
with
walleye
and
perch.
K
F
K
So
cormorants
will
are
also
we
have.
In
fact
there
was
a
diet
study
done
on
cormorants,
back
2013
and
2014
and
predictably
they
are
also
feeding
on
yellow
perch,
just
like
all
the
other
predators,
and
they
are
absolutely
having
an
effect
and
we
originally
prescribed
corn
ramp
management
and
control
for
Saginaw
Bay
as
part
of
our
strategy
for
benefiting
perch.
K
But
that
was
taken
away
from
us
by
a
lawsuit
that
was
filed
against
the
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service,
because
remember
the
official
Valley
Service
controls
the
actual
allocate
the
the
control
authority
and
they
were
giving
us
the
permission
that
are
more
specifically
while
they
services
the
authority
to
do
that,
control
and
they
got
sued
by
a
environmental
group
that
and
they
won,
and
that
authority
has
been
taken
away.
You
want
to
say
anything
else
about
the
cormorant
management
situation
so.
O
What
you're
describing
we're
now
limited
to
do
a
non-lethal
harassment
when
it
comes
to
free,
ranging
fish
in
cases
of
farmer
predation
and
aquaculture
there's
proper
damage
there
still
permits
available
for
lethal
control
comes
to
free
swimming
fish
like
we're
talking
about
tonight.
The
limits
are
just
not
only
for
Aspen
nets,
fish
stocking
sites-
you
know
relying
on
volunteers
to
be
there.
The
car
might
show
up
that
they
do
be
able
to
browse
some
of
the
pyrotechnics
or
chase
boats
and
whatever
the
case
may
be,
but
well.
K
The
physical
wire
services
expressed
a
willingness
to
restore
the
control
options,
but
they
have
to
re-establish
the
pieces
for
issuing
those
permits
to
overcome.
They
got
suit
on
before
and
they're
partnering
with
us
on
that,
and
we
are
working
with
them,
they're
working
with
other
states
and
we're.
But
it's
not
going
to
be
anything.
That's
going
to
happen
quickly.
It's
probably
going
to
be
at
least
a
couple
more
years,
but
we're
pushing
hard
for
them
to
grant
permitting
while
we're
working
on
establishing
that
basis,
so
we're
not
letting
them
off
the
hook.
K
But
it's
not
going
to
happen
right
away
and
even
if
it
did,
though
I
don't
think
that's
enough
by
itself
to
turn
the
situation
around.
It's
part
of
that
total
survival
or
mortality
problem,
but
it's
also
the
walleyes.
In
fact,
we
did
a
study
that
equated
how
much
the
cormorants
are
eating:
young
perch
relative
to
wise
and
seventeen
percent
as
much
so.
Some
presents
that
for
nothing.
It's
really
the
walleyes
and
the
other
predators
that
are
probably
having
the
bigger
impact
when
it
comes
to
perch.
A
K
J
K
The
question
was:
what
about
keeping
big
females
well,
I'm,
all
for
it,
because,
first
of
all,
we
don't
have
a
reproduction
problem.
We've
got
so
many
wallets
coming
into
the
system
that
the
whole
idea
behind
protecting
big
females
is
to
have
more
spawn
out
there.
It's
really
not
a
numeric
issue
like
that.
In
fact,
some
will
argue
that
the
younger
females
have
greater
viability
to
their
eggs
and
the
older
ones.
I
have
no
pride,
would
not
fault
anybody
for
keeping
a
big
female,
but
if
you
want
to
put
it
back,
that's
cool
too.
K
Sure,
well,
there's
still
there's
still
people
that
think
Pike
eats
snakes
and
they
lose
their
teeth
and
there's
all
kinds
of
misconceptions
out
there,
but
I
as
an
entirely
a
personal
choice.
And
if
people
want
to
release
females,
that's
fine,
but
I
won't
fault
anybody
for
keeping
them
I.
I,
really,
don't
think
it's
going
to
make
a
difference
in
terms
of,
and
besides
we
got
the
world,
we
almost
don't
want
anymore
waters
in
a
way
you
know
so
yeah.
That
would
probably
be
more
important,
maybe
in
some
fisheries
that
are
really
depressed
with
over
harvest.
K
K
I
think
we've
lost
that
and
that's
actually
a
connection
to
the
main
base,
and
there
was
a
linkage
between
the
main
basin
and
the
nearshore,
and
that
was
abundant
pelagic
planktivores
that
came
into
the
bay
and
provided
that
predation
buffer
and
that's,
what's
broken,
I
think
in
Lake
Karen
and
that
traces
back
all
this
food
web
changes
has
gone
on
for
the
last
15
years
and
there's
a
whole
hour
long
talk
behind.
Why
that
happened
that
we
can't
get
into,
but
that's
what
we're
trying
to
get
at
with
the
Cisco
restoration.
I
K
K
We
had
that
graphic
that
remember
when
I
was
showing
you
what
the
recreational
Fisher
was
doing,
that
bar
chart
on
the
bottom.
That
was
a
commercial
expressed
in
yield
and
it
was
about
40,000
pounds.
Maybe
it
was
kilograms,
I,
don't
remember
what
the
units
were.
That
sounds
like
a
lot
of
perch,
but
their
fisheries
depressed,
they
are
I'm.
Sorry
was
I'm
having
a
hard
time
here,
cuz
that
phantoms.
Oh,
it's
flattened
out
it's
about
the
same
level.
They
had
one
little
bump
there
a
couple
three
years
ago
where
it
went
up
a
little
bit.
K
The
question
was
about
what
the
commercial
fishery
is
doing,
for
your
perch
and
and
what
I'm
saying
is
it's
it's
flat
and
largely
depressed
the
same
as
it
is
for
the
recreational
fishery.
So
when
it
comes
to
that
the
commercial
and
the
recreational
they're
they're,
all
in
the
same
situation,
I'll
come
back
to
you
hold
on
okay,
yes,.
E
K
That
that
did
happen,
that
was
the
reduction
commercial
effort
that
license
was
offered
up
in
exchange
for
the
opportunity
to
fish
off
of
Harbor
Beach.
It
hasn't
been
made
permanent,
yet
but
I
think
it
will
be
I,
think
they're
given
another
year
and
so
yeah.
That's
that
particular
gear
is
I'm.
Sorry,
what's
it.
E
K
E
A
And
I,
you
know
I
appreciate
again
good
questions,
good
conversation
and
some
of
these
are
getting
into
the
management
conversation.
So
I'd
like
to
introduce
Jim
Baker
in
to
provide
Jim's
got
the
hardest
job
of
the
evening
with
the
last
minutes
remaining
is
to
try
to
tie
some
of
these
things
together
in
the
context
of
a
management
update,
but
also
this
is
part
of
the
the
agenda
where
we
can
openly
maybe
ask
some
questions
off
Jim,
but
also
you
know
the
speakers
that
have
been
talking
with
us
sharing
with
us
throughout
the
evening.
A
N
Brandon
appreciate
it:
we've
covered
a
lot
of
ground
tonight.
There's
just
a
couple
more
things:
I
want
to
add
that
are
not
so
much
Saiga,
nabe
things
but
I
think
might
be
of
interest
to
all
of
you
and
then
we're
going
to
open
it
back
up
to
questions
and
I
am
going
to
call
on
all
of
the
speakers
to
come
up
front
and
we
will
try
to
answer
more
questions
until
all
of
you
get
really
sick
of
us
and
just
want
to
go
home.
So
a
lot
of
things
have
been
covered
tonight.
N
A
couple
things
I
would
add.
This
has
to
do
more
with
the
outside
of
the
thumb,
but
it
is
the
Great
Lakes
and
its
southern
Lake
Huron.
We
are
trying
we're
beginning
an
experiment
this
spring,
something
we
haven't
done
in
a
long
time
in
southern
Lake
Huron
or
in
Lake
Huron
at
all,
and
that
is
that
we
are
going
to
plant
coho
salmon.
N
We
do
not
know
whether
it
will
work,
but
the
only
way
to
find
out
is
to
plant
them.
We
have
some
feeling
that
the
Cohoes,
because
of
their
diet,
will
fit
better
into
the
food
web
that
we
have
in
Lake
Huron.
Now
we've
had
a
coho
fishery
in
the
early
spring
of
Lexington
and
Sante
lack
and
Harbor
Beach.
For
many
many
years,
virtually
all
the
years
I've
been
here
at
a
relatively
low
to
moderate
level,
and
we
will
see
whether
these
plants
of
Cohoes
will
augment
that
fishery.
N
Unfortunately,
they
won't
be
marked
to
start
out
so
about.
All
we
can
go
by
is
the
Creole
census
and
also
looking
for
any
return
that
might
happen
the
following
year.
Now,
if
you
plant
Cohoes
in
2019,
they
will
show
up
in
the
spring
fishery
in
2020,
and
they
should
be
returning
in
the
fall
of
2020.
So
we
should
in
relatively
short
time,
have
some
feel
for
whether
or
not
the
coho
are
working
and
given
that
they
eat
a
lot
of
terrestrial
insects
and
that
they
eat
a
fairly
white
variety
of
fish.
N
We
think
they've
got
a
fighting
chance
out
there,
unlike
the
chinook
salmon,
which
seem
to
focus
so
heavily
on
alewives,
which
we
do
not
have,
so
we
will
see
how
that
goes.
I
wanted
you
to
all
know
about
it,
we'll
see
what
happens
next
spring.
The
other
thing,
of
course,
we've
already
talked
about
lake
sturgeon,
some
and
I'm
really
kind
of
gratified
to
see
this
happen.
N
N
This
is
the
second
year
we've
had
sturgeon
plants
into
the
system,
but
the
first
year
we
only
had
enough
to
go
into
the
pitiable
Wasi
about
one
third
of
those
fish
came
from
the
black
river
rearing
facility
up
by
Onaway,
and
two-thirds
of
them
are
the
result
of
a
partnership
with
the
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service
who
took
eggs
in
the
st.
Clair
River
and
then
got
them
incubated
and
raised
at
the
Genoa
National
Fish
Hatchery
in
Wisconsin.
So
those
were
those
fish
that
went
that
we're
taken
in
the
st.
N
N
We
know
that
survival
rates
are
very
good
in
the
black
river,
but
on
the
other
hand,
the
Black
River
does
not
have
all
of
the
very
large
and
hungry
catfish
that
we
do
in
the
Saginaw
system.
So
we'll
see
how
that
all
plays
out
and
I
want
all
of
you
that
can
to
join
me
in
the
year
2038
to
come
back
and
totter
down
to
the
river
with
our
four-legged
canes
and
see.
If
we
can
see
some
of
those
fish
coming
back
to
spawn
so
I
think
that's
pretty
exciting.
N
N
Words
about
the
success
or
failure
of
the
Atlantic
salmon.
Our
Atlantic
salmon
program
at
Lexington
is
doing
very,
very
well.
Last
fall.
We
went
in
there
I
believe
it
was
a
30th
of
October
and
the
salmon
were
back
in
the
harbor.
They
can
be
really
hard
to
catch
at
that
time,
but
they
respond
very
well
to
electrical
current
and
we
got
in
in
no
more
than
30
minutes
of
shocking
time.
N
We
got
92
fish
in
the
boat
and
I
can
tell
you
that
Atlantic
salmon
in
the
boat,
when
they
wake
up,
are
very,
very
lively
and
hard
to
handle.
But
we
we
put
a
little
tail
clip
on
each
of
those
fish
before
we
release
them
and
we
never
got
a
single
recapture
I
think
we
could
have
gone
on
all
day
catching
Atlantic
salmon
like
that
they
were
so
thick
in
there,
so
they
are
coming
back.
They
are
surviving
very
well
with
those
Lexington
plants
and
they
are
doing
better
at
our
other
sites.
N
Also,
at
the
Thunder
Bay
and
in
the
ensemble,
we've
had
a
very
good
fall
fishery
in
the
ensemble
River,
the
last
couple
or
three
years,
and
a
lot
of
those
fish
are
caught
and
released.
Guys
are
specifically
targeting
them,
and
so
it's
come
along
really
well
and
again.
The
success
of
the
Atlantic
salmon,
aside
from
the
hatcheries
finally
figuring
out
how
to
raise
these
things
effectively.
The
thing
that
makes
them
successful
in
Lake
Huron
is
their
mother
extremely
varied
diet.
N
They
will
eat,
go
bees,
they
will
eat
an
assortment
of
minnows,
they
will
eat
smelt
and
they
eat
terrestrial
bugs
that
blowout
into
the
lake.
Much
like
steelhead
do
so
well,
you
know
and
of
course
we're
not
overly
short
of
bugs.
We
have
lots
of
bugs,
so
the
Atlantic
salmon
has
has
been
actually
a
very
nice
surprise
in
terms
of
how
they
have
responded
in
Lake
Huron
and
we're
very
excited
about
that
project
and
that
Graham
and
hope
that
it
will
keep
on
rolling
along
in
the
back.
N
Where
do
the
fingerlings
come
from
for
the
Atlantic's?
The
eggs
are
taken
in
the
st.
Mary's
a
river
up,
and
you
know
su
st.
Marie
by
lake
state
Superior
college
and
they
are
incubated
and
reared
at
our
Platte
River
hatchery
up
by
honor
and
their
yearlings.
By
the
time
we
get
them
matter.
Of
fact,
the
Atlantic
plant
went
in
today
at
Lexington.
The
fish
were
just
under
six
inches
long
and
it
was
about
23,000
I
think
that
we
got
this
year,
so
they
are
in
the
water.
We
have
only
gotten
a
couple
of
fish
plants.
N
I
N
Expect
natural
reproduction
from
the
Atlantic's
categorically?
No,
we
do
not
see
it
anywhere
else
in
the
Great
Lakes.
They
have
very
specific
requirements
for
living
in
nature,
and
one
of
the
reasons
that
they
are
so
rare
throughout
this
country
is
that
the
rivers
have
been
modified
by
people
so
much
that
there
are
just
very
few
places
that
Atlantic's
can
spawn
and
live
in
the
river
for
over
a
year
and
small
and
get
back
out
to
the
lake.
N
N
N
They
did
not
delegate
the
authority
to
change
commercial
fishing
regulations.
So,
in
order
for
the
commercial
fishing
regulations
to
change
a
bill
has
to
be
introduced
in
the
state
legislature,
it
has
to
pass
both
houses
of
the
legislature
and
be
signed
by
the
governor.
That
is
what
it
will
take
to
change
any
commercial
fishing
regulations.
F
N
E
N
Happened
to
the
commercial
bill
that
was
introduced
last
year,
it
died
in
the
end
of
the
legislature
that
had
that
had
the
bill
that
was
introduced
last
year
would
have
prohibited
the
keeping
of
bycatch,
and
it
also
would
have
prohibited
commercial
perch
fishing
I
think
the
one
you
may
be
thinking
about
was
from
two
years
previous
okay.
Well,
if
it
did,
it
did
not
get
out
of
committee
last
year,
I
understand
it
may
be
introduced
again
this
year.
I
don't
know.
I
haven't
heard
that
it
has
been.
N
Newzealand
mud,
snail,
I,
don't
believe
that
we
have
seen
that
creature
in
this
area.
Yet,
okay,
invasive
species
are
always
a
concern
and
the
concern
we
always
have
is
for
the
next
one,
because
we
don't
know
what
it's
going
to
do.
But
as
far
as
I
know,
we
haven't
turned
that
one
up
yet
right.
There.
N
What
does
what
can
be
done
to
stop
sedimentation
into
the
bay
and
does
it
have
to
do
with
water
temperature?
First
off?
It
doesn't
have
that
much
to
do
with
water
temperature,
but
sedimentation
coming
into
the
bay
has
to
do
with
land
use
practices,
and
if
everybody
out
there
and
including
agriculture,
would
start
to
implement
better
practices
of
land
use
to
cut
down
on
wind
erosion
and
water
erosion.
That
would
do
something
to
reduce
the
sedimentation
in
the
bay.
It
would
not
get
rid
of
the
sedimentation
that's
already
there,
but
it.
E
N
N
I
want
to
thank
you
all
actually,
because
I've
been
in
this
area
consecutively
now
for
33
years
and
over
37
years
total
for
me
at
the
time
and
I
have
17
days
to
go
and
I
will
retire
and
we've
had
some
great
times
at
these
meetings
over
the
years.
I
know
a
lot
of
you.
Quite
personally,
we
have
argued
together.
We
have
occasionally
yelled
at
each
other,
but
we've
always
managed
to
be
able
to
come
to
some
kind
of
a
consensus
and
I
think
the
resource
is
better
for
that.
A
I'll
just
add:
I
had
to
ask
permission
from
Katherine
to
make
sure
that
he
was
going
to
announce
that
tonight,
because
I
think
it's
appropriate
not
just
to
end
with
Jim
but
to
appreciate
him.
You
know
you
all.
We
all
have
been
very
lucky
to
work
with
Jim.
It's
been
my
pleasure,
see
grants
been
lucky
to
have
Jim
as
a
partner
in
workshops
like
these,
so
it's
appropriate
to
end
this
evening
with
him
Randy
Clermont
who's.
A
Not
here,
oh,
is
the
lake
basin
coordinator,
gave
me
permission
to
invite
you
all
to
his
a
retirement
party
with
that
I
think
we
can
call
it
an
evening.
You
know
you
guys
have
been
great
a
long
evening.
It
only
happens
because
you
guys
show
up
if
I
could
get
one
more
round
of
applause
for
our
speakers
collectively.
A
lot
of
information
shared
in
a
very
short
amount
of
time.
So
thank
you
guys
safe
travels,
wherever
you're
heading,
if
you
signed
in
you'll,
have
an
invitation
to
join
us
again
next
year
in
2020
safe
travels.