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From YouTube: 2021 Lake Huron Open Water Fisheries Workshop
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A
Well
good
evening
and
welcome
to
the
2021
lake
huron
regional
fisheries
workshops,
we're
excited
and
appreciate,
appreciate
everybody
taking
their
time
to
be
with
us
this
evening
to
chat
for
a
couple
hours
about
our
amazing
lake,
huron
fisheries
and
on
a
perfect
day
earth
day
to
have
that
conversation
so
glad
each
of
you
have
taken
some
time
out
of
your
busy
schedules
to
hang
out
and
talk
fish
this
evening.
A
I
just
wanted
to
hang
on
this
introduction
agenda
outline,
so
you
can
see
some
of
the
talks
that
we
can
look
forward
to
we're
going
to
hear
about
our
lake
huron
prey
fish,
an
exciting
lake
here
on
lake
michigan,
predator
diet
study,
here's
some
offshore
fishery
updates
from
the
michigan
dnr
we're
going
to
learn
from
pete
esselman
with
the
usgs
great
lakes,
science
center
about
a
really
neat
and
innovative
round
goby
monitoring
effort
and
then
we'll
round
out
the
evening
with
some
opportunity
to
hear
and
visit
about
some
of
the
lake
huron
management
updates.
A
I
just
wanted
to
say
this
is
a
traditional
each
spring
meeting,
it's
kind
of
a
health
check.
If
you
will
on
our
lake
human
fishery,
it's
a
great
opportunity
to
bring
researchers
and
managers
together
with
anglers
communities
or
anyone
involved
or
simply
interested
in
our
great
lakes
lake
huron
fishery.
So
we
do
this
each
spring.
A
Typically,
we
do
them
out
in
the
communities
but
given
given
the
times
where
we're
we're,
having
a
virtual
workshop
again
here
in
2021,
so
we're
kicking
off
this
series
with
the
offshore
open
water
fisheries
focus
this
evening,
but
I
wanted
to
share
that
next
thursday,
three
thursdays
of
talking
lake
huron
next
thursday,
we'll
we'll
shift
to
a
near
shore
focus
where
we'll
talk
more
about
saginaw
bay,
the
latino
islands
area,
the
saint
mary's
river
touch
on
some
cisco
restoration
effort
updates
and
cormorant
management
updates,
among
others.
A
So
if
you're
excited
about
the
near
shore,
fisheries
join
us
next
week
and
if
you
haven't
had
enough
of
lake
huron
fisheries,
you
can
join
the
dnr
conversation
and
coffee
on
may
6th.
To
have
a
chance
to
ask
questions
and
learn
more
from
the
dnr
fisheries
and
michigan
sea
grant
is
excited
to
be
a
partner
in
that
effort
too.
A
Before
I
move
on,
I
like
to
start
these
workshops
with
thank
yous,
there's
a
lot
of
partners
and
contributors
that
pull
together
to
make
these
workshops
possible,
and
I
just
I
think
it's
important
to
acknowledge
that
this
is
truly
a
collective
effort
to
bring
these
these
education
programs
together.
A
And
I
need
to
end
with
a
mention
of
the
lake
huron,
the
dnr
lake
here
on
citizen
fishery
advisory
committee.
It's
worth
noting
that
this
committee
and
many
on
this
caller
are
members
of
that
committee
gathers
quarterly
and
contributes
important
input
and
ideas
as
advisors
to
the
department
of
natural
resources,
fisheries.
But
I
also
view
those
those
advisors
as
michigan
sea
grant
advisors.
They
spend
a
lot
of
time
helping
us
to
think
about
what
we
want
to
bring
out
to
the
communities
through
these
educational
workshops.
A
Out
of
this
conversation,
and
then
I
need
to
end
on
you
know
my
own
awesome
michigan
sea
grant
team,
so
I'm
brandon
schroeder
I'm
an
extension
educator
for
northeast
michigan
northern
lake
huron
serving
out
of
alpena
county,
but
I
wanted
to
introduce
some
of
my
other
lake
huron
focused
colleagues
elliot
nelson
in
the
eastern
upper
peninsula,
megan
goss,
who
serves
the
saginaw
bay
region
and
then
mary
bowling,
who
covers
our
southeast
michigan
coastlines
and
splits,
her
time
between
lake
erie
and
in
the
the
far
south
of
lake
huron,
and
then
our
fantastic
communication
team
cindy
hudson
is
on
the
call,
in
the
background,
helping
to
make
sure
that
we
are
moving
along
and
everybody
is
able
to
stay
connected
as
we
have
this
virtual
session.
A
A
We
call
the
great
lakes,
so
no
salt,
but
still
invaluable
resources
to
our
state
in
our
our
country
and
our
world,
with
20
percent
of
the
world's
fresh
water
available
to
us
on
the
surface
of
the
planet,
and
our
role
is
really
to
think
about
how
to
support
great
lake
science
and
research
and
make
that
research
useful
in
our
coastal
communities
in
in
and
so
that
we
are
able
to
sustainably
use
these
resources
for
the
social,
ecological
and
economic
benefits
that
they
provide
us.
A
A
So
I
I
I
mentioned:
michigan
sea
grant,
promoting
great
lakes,
science
and
research
and
then
trying
to
make
that
useful
in
our
coastal
communities
and
folks
that
participate
in
in
the
fishery.
So
I
just
wanted
to
make
a
note
that
there's
some
great
resources
we
offer
make
sure
to
check
out
our
website.
A
We've
got
some
nice
fisheries
focused
publications
like
the
life
of
the
lakes,
a
guide
to
the
great
lakes
fishery
and
then
a
salmon
salmonid
identification
guide
that
came
out
last
year,
which
is
a
nice
reference
and
resource
that
you'll
you'll
probably
want
to
have
on
file,
and
I
think
in
in
sort
of
closing
up
my
introductions
here.
A
I
just
want
to
point
out
this
anti-discrimination
acknowledgement
because
we
receive
federal
funds,
we
have
a
we
were
required
to,
but
we
also
have
made
a
commitment
to
ensure
that
our
programs
and
resources
are
accessible
to
any
and
all
who
would
value
or
benefit
from
those
resource
without
discrimination.
So
we
we've
made
that
commitment
and
I
hope
you
all
will
will
help
to
share
these
resources
widely
among
any
and
all
who
will
value
and
benefit
from
the
work
and
resources
and
programs.
A
We
provide-
and
I
will
get
us
on
to
our
agenda-
I'm
going
to
introduce
tim
o'brien
who's
with
usgs
great
lakes.
Science
center
they've
been
a
long-time
partner
in
these
educational
efforts
and
they
really
are
at
the
heart
of
the
monitoring
of
the
prey
fish
species
in
lake
huron.
So
it's
really
nice
each
year
to
get
that
status
and
check
in
on
what's
going
on
with
the
lake
huron
crayfish
community.
So
with
that
tim
welcome,.
B
B
B
A
recent
project
funded
by
the
great
lakes
fishery
commission
provide
some
materials
that
illustrate
this
nicely
just
seeing
here
this
this
miniature
food
web
model,
and
we
can
see
crayfish
sort
of
occupying
this
middle
position
of
the
flow
of
energy,
so
as
nutrients
come
from
either
benthic
or
other
organisms.
Algae
and
these
nutrients
are
then
brought
up
through
the
food
chain.
B
Crayfish
serve
sort
of
that
important
role
to
shuttle
them
further
up
towards
towards
top
predators
and
then
just
showing
here
on
this
corresponding
energy
pyramid.
We
see
a
life
and
bloater
and
other
small
prey
fish
occupying
trophic
levels.
Three
and
four.
B
This
began
in
2004,
and
this
covers
all
of
the
basins
of
of
lake
huron,
the
exception
of
2020
as
we'll
see
here
in
a
minute.
The
bottom
trail
survey
is
the
main
basin
only,
but
it's
a
much
longer
time
series
now
exceeding
four
decades.
So
we
have
these
two
different
tools
and
we
look
at
the
results
from
them
as
complementary
and
then
just
to
illustrate
the
two
different
methods
that
we
use
for
surveying
prey
fish
shown
here
on
the
left
is
the
midwater
trawl.
B
So
this
is
then,
as
the
name
implies
towed
through
the
middle
of
the
water
column
or
sort
of
somewhere
here
other
than
the
bottom,
wherever
fish
are,
are
distributed
and
suspended.
B
B
B
We
did
have
no
sampling
in
the
canadian
waters
of
lake
huron
in
2020,
and
the
acoustic
survey
greatly
reduced
in
spatial
scope
in
length
as
a
result,
and
then
the
bottom
trawl
survey
was
nearly
completed
except
again
in
canada,
our
single
port
in
southern
lake,
here
on
off
the
port
of
cotter,
which
was
not
sampled,
but
this
led
then
to
a
situation
where,
for
the
first
time
in
in
several
years,
both
the
bottom
trawl
and
the
acoustic
survey
essentially
covered
the
same
portion
of
the
lake.
That's
shown
here
in
this
map.
B
Our
standard
bottom
trawl
locations
are
shown
here
at
the
ports
of
harbor
beach.
These
are
the
open
circles,
ensemble
point
alpena,
thunder
bay,
hammond
bay
and
detour,
and
then
the
acoustic,
transects
and
midwater
trawls
shown
here
black
line
and
triangle.
So
you
can
give
a
pretty
good
idea
of
what
kind
of
coverage
we
had
in
the
lake
in
2020.
B
So,
just
to
start
out
with
the
results
so
in
this
presentation
we're
going
to
report
on
long-term
shifts
in
species
composition
and
for
this
we're
going
to
use
the
bottom
trowel
survey,
spatial
trends
in
abundance
and
for
this
we'll
use
the
acoustic
survey,
which
is
again
traditionally
whole
lake.
This
type
of
data
lends
itself
well
to
looking
at
spatial
trends
and
then
trends
in
the
abundance
and
composition
of
dominant
species
since
2004,
so
bloater
rainbow
smelt
and
alewife
are
primary
species.
We
use
both
surveys,
cisco
only
from
the
acoustic
survey
and
then
sculpting
around
gobi.
B
And
then,
just
looking
at
the
trends
for
some
of
the
more
common
species
that
we
see
in
the
offshore,
these
slides
are
going
to
be
oriented
pretty.
Similarly,
we
have
biomass
of
large
fish
at
the
top
density
of
young
fish.
These
are
the
newly
produced
recruits
for
a
given
year
on
the
bottom
and
really,
if
we
look
at
bloater
the
last
couple
years
decade
to
decade
and
a
half
we've
tended
to
see
this
increase
in
biomass
we've
also
seen
an
increase
in
in
small
fish
production.
B
When
we
look
at
the
two
surveys
overlaid
so
again,
this
is
just
2004
through
2020,
looking
at
bottom
trawl
and
acoustics,
they
track
pretty
well.
We've
seen
a
couple
years
where,
where
the
bottom
trawl
diverged
quite
a
bit,
but
generally
we've
seen
this
increasing
number
in
biomass
of
large
fish
and
pretty
variable,
but
generally
it's
kind
of
an
increasing
trend
in
the
small
fish
as
well.
B
B
B
If
you
look
at
the
two
surveys,
overlapped
a
little
bit
noisier
here,
we
see
the
bottom
trawl
tends
to
in
a
lot
of
cases,
pick
up
more
more
fish
in
terms
of
of
rainbow
smelt,
but
generally
they
track
fairly
well
in
terms
of
the
general
trends
young
a
year,
fish
also
fairly.
Well,
primarily
in
recent
years,
we
see
pretty
similar
trends
between
the
two
surveys.
B
In
2020,
rainbow
smelt
were
primarily
distributed
in
the
central
in
southern
portions
of
the
michigan
waters
of
the
main
basin.
The
lengths
distribution
between
the
two
surveys
was
very
similar.
B
We
tended
to
see
sort
of
a
nice
split
here
where
we
saw
young
of
your
fish
and
then
sort
of
the
older
component
of
the
population
pretty
similar
size,
measured
by
both
both
surveys.
B
But
you
know
this
story
has
remained
the
same
really
for
the
last
15
years
or
so.
We've
seen
very
low
levels
of
alewife.
We
have
seen
occasionally
some
production
of
young
fish,
but
certainly
much
lower
than
than
previous
years
and
similar
to
rainbow
smelt.
This
has
not
turned
into
any
notable
increase
in
adult
biomass.
B
B
There
is
still
some
small
levels
of
production
that
we
see
occasionally
for
alewife
in
lake
huron
in
2020.
Most
of
the
alewife
were
distributed
here
outside
of
thunder
bay.
In
the
last
couple
years,
we've
tended
to
see
this
alewife
have
been
distributed,
sort
of
in
this
portion
of
lake
huron
very
low
numbers
in
2020.
So
we
really
only
saw
this
little
pocket.
B
B
Georgian
bay,
north
channel
and
the
northern
rim
here
of
the
main
basin
is
where
we
see
current
populations
of
cisco,
and
I
should
point
out
that
these
are
primarily.
These
are
adult
cisco.
It's
the
corresponding
lengths
from
roughly
200
millimeters,
all
the
way
up
to
close
to
500
millimeters.
So
these
are
larger
fish
that
are
caught
during
late
summer.
Early
fall,
acoustic
surveys
and
they're
foraging
off
in
the
in
the
epileptian
of
the
lake.
B
Nonetheless,
our
trial
survey
still
catches
this
fish.
We
still
estimate
their
abundance,
we've
seen
generally
a
lot
of
variability.
We
know
that
some
of
this
is
due
to
their
abundance
in
certain
types
of
habitats
that
we
trawl
or
do
not
troll
in
2020.
We
happen
to
pick
up
a
very
low
numbers
of
gobi.
B
B
B
B
So
generally,
this
decline
in
in
nutrients
and
lake
huron
means
that
less
fish
biomass
can
be
produced
so
sort
of
the
trends
and
patterns
that
we're
seeing
in
the
last
few
years
give
us
an
indication
that
lake
huron
is
sort
of
behaving
like.
We
might
think
it
would
in
terms
of
nutrient
limitation
when
we
think
about
a
carrying
capacity
model
for
a
population
just
shown
here
with
the
population
abundance
over
time
and
the
black
line
here,
just
showing
the
sort
of
the
limitation.
B
The
carrying
capacity
of
that
population,
then
just
to
point
out,
there's
a
lot
of
factors
that
can
affect
that
both
density
dependent
factors
and
density,
independent
factors
as
well.
We
know
that
that
nutrients
and
and
how
they
play
a
role
in
aquatic
ecosystems
can
certainly
be
one
of
these
factors
that
can
drive
this
down.
B
B
And
just
in
conclusion,
offshore
prey:
fish
biomass
in
2020
continued
to
be
dominated
by
rainbow
smelt
and
bloater
prey.
Biomass
has
been
stable
for
over
a
decade.
Now
we
have
seen
large
reductions
in
the
early
2000s,
certainly
around
the
time
of
the
alewife
crash
declines
in
other
species
like
rainbow
smelt,
but
the
good
news
is
it's
sort
of
stabilized
and
has
been
at
that
point
for
several
several
years
now,
alewife
biomass
continues
to
be
low.
B
B
The
native
pelagic
species,
however,
have
increased
and
seem
to
have
adapted
well
to
this.
This
new
food
web,
this
nutrient
limited
food
web,
so
species
like
bloater,
as
well
as
cisco
in
the
northern
portions
of
the
lake,
I'd
just
like
to
acknowledge
all
the
usgs
staff
and
fish
and
wildlife
service
personnel
who
have
contributed
to
the
long-term
surveys
in
2020
and
in
previous
years.
A
Wonderful,
thank
you
tim.
I
appreciate
that
and
there
are
a
couple
of
questions
coming
in.
If
you
have
questions
even
if
we
don't
get
to
them
now
type
them
in
the
chat
and
we
can
circle
back
at
the
end
of
end
of
the
evening.
But
one
question
is:
have
there
been
any
discussions
or
speculation
on
what
the
future
of
alewives
and
rainbow
smelt
might
be
in
lake
huron.
B
B
There's
you
know
there
have
been.
I
don't
have
the
exact
time
frame,
but
over
the
last
decade
or
so,
there's
been
limitations
on
how
many
smelt
can
be
harvested
during
the
spring.
So
I
think
a
rec
recognition
that
the
populations
had
declined
enough
to
limit
their
their
harvest
when
they're
most
vulnerable
in
spawning
streams.
B
B
Predators
were
certainly
being
stocked
in
higher
numbers
to
to
sort
of
not
only
manage
the
explosion
of
exotic
species
like
alewife,
but
also
develop
this
fishery.
Just
sort
of
some
of
the
original
intentions
for
for
building
the
stocking
program,
so
I
think
right
now
you
know
I
might
defer
to
some
of
the
some
of
the
managers
as
well
on
this.
But
you
know
the
lake
is
not
fully
self-regulating.
We
still
stock
fish,
but
there's
a
little
bit
more
in
terms
of
self-regulation
in
the
lake
than
there
was.
A
Thank
you
I'll
grab
a
couple
more
questions
here.
One
is
in
the
model
for
energy
transfer.
There's
no
mention
made
of
the
introduced.
Predate
predatory,
zooplankton
like
with
the
trophies,
for
example,
the
spiny
water
flea
inserted
into
into
the
food
web.
Are
these
species
being
monitored
and
their
effects
modeled.
B
Yeah,
that's
a
that's
a
good
question,
so
the
the
food
web
was
kind
of
a
little
bit
oversimplified
there.
So
it
didn't
didn't
really
capture
some
of
these
other
species.
So
you
know
speaking
about,
for
instance,
bit
the
trophies
as
as
brandon
mentioned,
certainly
one
of
our
important,
predatory,
claddoster
and
zooplankton
in
the
lakes
and
non-native
there
was
some
work
done.
B
I
can't
remember
the
exact
publication
year
that
looked
at
at
cledocrine
or
predatory,
claddoster
and
consumption
of
native
zooplankton,
some
work
led
by
bobinel
and
others
that
came
out
of
some
work
in
in
2007
that
we
did
in
lake
huron.
So
there
are,
there
are
studies
that
are
ongoing.
That
have
looked
at
that
sort
of
what
are
the
effects
of
of
sort
of
some
of
these
predatory
introduced
zooplankton
and
they
are,
they
are
sort
of
being
monitored.
I
guess
to
answer
that
that
secondary
question.
B
You
know
we
on
the
acoustic
surveys
we
routinely
sample
both
zooplankton
and
mysis,
which
are
sampled
with
two
different
types
of
nets
and
the
like
beth,
the
trophies,
for
instance,
are
caught
in
both
those
types
of
gears.
We
do
quantify
their
abundance
in
the
zooplankton
nets.
They
are
a
tricky
organism.
If
you
know
about
them,
they
tend
to
the
way
that
they're
shaped
and
they
tend
to
clump
up
and
for
the
the
lab
technician
they're
a
difficult
animal
to
untangle,
literally
in
the
lab,
but
we
do
nonetheless
quantify
their
abundance.
A
Great
thank
you.
I
will
there's
a
couple
more
questions,
I'll,
throw
one
more
at
you
and
we'll
move
along
with
our
evening.
So
two
questions
kind
of
grouping
together
here
relating
to
the
phosphorus
reduction.
So
what's
the
primary
cause
of
that
fifty
percent
reduction
in
piano
lake
phosphorus
in
the
lake
in
lake
huron
wasn't
aware
of
the
correlation
between
phosphorus
and
biomass,
and
so
the
secondary
question
was
what's
causing
that
low
nutrient
level
in
the
lake
sure.
B
So
that
first
off,
I
think
I
mean
just
going
back
even
predating
sort
of
the
mid
90s
we
started.
You
know.
Just
across
the
lakes,
there
was
tighter
controls
on
on
nutrient
releases
into
the
lake,
so
the
clean
water
act.
This
goes
back
certainly
further
than
the
1990s,
and
we
began
this
process
over
time.
Where
we
were
you
know,
municipalities
had
tighter
controls
on
how
much
nutrients
could
be
flushed
into
the
lake.
That
was
certainly
sort
of
began
sort
of
the
reductions
in
nutrients.
Overall.
B
We
also
know
that
invasive
muscles,
dry,
scenic
muscles
tend
to
just
by
their
very
nature,
filter
nutrients,
the
way
that
they
filter,
essentially
that's
how
their
their
filter
feeders,
so
they're
filtering
out
nutrients,
and
that's
also
probably
compounding
that
over
time.
Also,
this
the
spread
of
most
recently,
the
the
offshore
variant
of
the
the
dry
cenid,
the
quagga
mussel
more
recently,
as
expanding
into
deeper
waters,
is
also
sort
of
impacting
that
sort
of
continued.
B
So
there's
a
couple
reasons,
or
certainly
other
lots
of
other
causes
for
that
that
we're
not
totally
clear
on
in
a
lot
of
cases,
but
hopefully
that
helps
a
little
bit.
A
Yeah
thanks
tim
and
I
see
just
acknowledging,
there's
some
questions
about
whitefish
in
a
cisco
question
and
maybe
we'll
try
to
circle
back
to
those
later
in
the
evening.
So
with
that
a
virtual
round
of
applause
for
you
tim,
I
appreciate
your
contribution
and
I
always
kind
of
think
about
the
parade.
A
What
what
is
my
fish
eating
exactly
and
so
what
I'd
like
to
do
is
transition
to
our
next
talk
with
jake
sowecki
from
the
msu
department
of
fisheries
and
wildlife
and
they've
been
managing
a
long-term
predator
diet
study
that
was
actually
started
in
part
with
usgs
great
lakes,
science
center,
looking
at
food
web
dynamics
in
lake
michigan
and
lake
huron,
through
the
lens
or
through
the
stomachs
of
our
fish,
that
we
contribute
as
anglers
so
jake
welcome
and
I'll
introduce
and
pass
the
mic
to
you.
Thank.
C
You
brandon
hi
everybody,
I'm
jake
sawicki.
I
am
a
phd
student
at
michigan
state
on
the
huron
michigan
predator
diet
study,
so
I'm
one
of
the
people
that
has
spent
hundreds
of
hours
in
the
lab
digging
through
fish
stomachs
to
see
what
these
fish
are
eating
before
I
get
into
it.
I
just
want
to
mention
that
this
is
a
very
large
scale
project
and
there
are
a
lot
of
collaborators
on
this
project.
C
Without
them
we
wouldn't
be
able
to
get
as
many
diets
as
we
have
collected,
and
some
of
those
collaborators
are
some
of
the
people
that
are
here
today.
The
volunteer,
anglers
and
sport
fishing
groups
have
donated
stomachs
to
the
project
and
that
has
been
really
crucial
for
collecting
data,
especially
in
2020
when
a
lot
of
our
collaborators
weren't
able
to
get
out
and
collect
data
themselves.
C
So
if
you've
been
here
before,
you've
probably
seen
these
project
goals,
but
for
folks
that
haven't
the
goal
of
the
project
it
started
in
2017..
C
We
want
to
determine
species-specific
diets
for
salmon,
trout
and
walleye
in
lake
michigan
and
lake
huron,
so
we're
looking
at
lakewide
diets
of
these
different
predator
fish,
and
in
doing
so
we
want
to
determine
seasonal
trends
in
diet
composition.
So,
looking
at
if
these
fish
are
eating
different
prey
items
at
different
times
of
the
year,
we
want
to
look
at
a
spatial
heterogeneity
in
diet,
composition.
So
are
they
eating
different
prey
items
in
different
locations
of
the
lake
and
then
we're
hoping
to
determine
bias
in
angular
cut
diets?
C
C
So
over
the
course
of
a
couple
of
months
to
see
what
these
fish
are
eating,
rather
than
just
looking
at
the
stomachs
and
seeing
what
they
ate
within
the
past
24
hours.
So
so
far,
progress
has
been
good.
We
started
in
2017,
I
joined
the
project
in
2019,
but
due
to
the
pandemic,
we
weren't
able
to
collect
as
many
diets
in
2020
as
we
would
have
hoped
to.
We
did
collect
some,
but
definitely
not
as
many
as
previous
years
and
because
of
the
pandemic.
C
C
We
have
the
results
for
the
predator
species
for
those
stable
isotopes.
The
prey
fish
have
been
submitted
to
the
university
of
wyoming
and
they
will
get
that
data
back
to
us,
but
we
are
still
waiting
on
that
and
another
important
note
is
that
this
project
does
end
in
december
of
this
year.
So
this
will
be
the
last
year
that
we
are
collecting
fish
stomachs
for
this
project
and
I
would
love
to
see
us
collect
more
than
we
have
in
any
of
the
years
previously
for
this
one
final
year
of
diet
collection.
C
So,
as
I
mentioned,
we've
collected
a
lot
of
stomachs
thanks
to
the
help
of
many
collaborators,
so
here's
some
totals
for
lake
huron
and
lake
michigan,
so
the
asterisk
for
2020
is
just
because
we're
still
processing
those
stomachs,
so
those
numbers
will
increase.
Unfortunately,
in
lake
michigan,
those
numbers
won't
increase
by
much.
We
got
very
few
stomachs
from
lake
michigan
this
year,
but
in
lake
huron.
We've
done
pretty
well.
C
So
the
diets
that
we've
been
collecting
are
from
various
locations
in
lake
huron
and
we
do
a
pretty
good
job,
especially
in
the
northern
part
of
lake
huron,
at
getting
diets
from
a
variety
of
different
species.
As
you
can
see,
in
mh1
and
mh2,
we
have
tons
of
lake
trout
diets.
We
have
chinook
salmon
diets,
even
a
decent
number
of
walleye
diets.
C
However,
in
the
other
stat
districts,
so
mh3
through
mh6,
we
do
struggle
to
get
some
samples
from
those
areas,
so,
whether
it's
fewer
people
are
fishing
or
there's
just
not
as
many
fish
to
catch.
Maybe,
but
if
you
are
fishing
in
those
areas-
and
you
do
want
to
contribute
to
the
diet
study,
we
do
appreciate
getting
stomachs
from
volunteers
and
it
would
help
us
fill
in
these
gaps.
So
we
can
get
that
data
that
we
need
for
those
locations.
C
C
In
addition
to
space
jets,
we
have
some
temporal
gaps,
so
people
are
fishing
mostly
during
the
spring
in
the
summer,
but
during
the
winter
and
in
the
fall,
as
you
can
see,
we
don't
get
a
ton
of
diets
and
there's
plenty
of
reasons
for
this.
It's
tough
for
us
to
go
sample
diets
during
these
months
and
there
are
fewer
people
fishing
during
the
colder
months
of
the
year.
C
So
we
just
don't
happen
to
get
as
many
fish
diets
so
moving
into
some
of
the
things
that
we
found
so
far,
and
just
so
you're
all
oriented
to
how
these
graphs
are
going
to
look
on
the
y-axis
of
all
these
is
proportion
of
diet,
and
that
is
by
wet
weight.
So
when
we
open
up
a
fish
stomach,
we
take
out
a
prey
item:
we
identify
it
and
then
we
weigh
it.
So
that's!
What's
on
the
y-axis
there
and
then
on
the
x-axis
on
this
graph.
We
have
the
different
predator
species.
Ats
is
atlantic
salmon.
C
Then
we
have
chinook
salmon
coho
salmon
lake
trout,
rainbow
trout
and
walleye,
and
the
different
colors
represent
different
prey
fish
so
always
represented
by
that
light.
Blue.
The
dark
blue
is
invertebrates
that
really
like
green
is
other
fish,
so
that
could
be
shiners,
gizzard,
shad,
etc,
which
we
just
don't
see
a
ton
of
another
important
one
is
that
light.
C
So
if
you
look
at
chinook
salmon,
for
example,
that's
that
second
bar
from
the
left-
they
are
a
good
number
of
alewife
and
rainbow
smelts
in
lake
huron
walleye,
which
are
far
to
the
right
eat,
a
lot
of
round
gobi
represented
by
that
light
orange
and
then
as
we're,
seeing
in
2019
and
2020
they're,
starting
to
incorporate
more
yellow
person
to
their
diet.
However,
in
2020
this
could
be
because
our
samples
came
from
later
on
in
the
year,
whereas
we
see
ground
goby
in
the
diet
more
so
in
the
spring.
C
Then,
if
we
look
at
lake
trout,
we
see
that
they
incorporate
a
lot
of
rangobi
into
their
diet,
which
I
don't
think
is
a
surprise
and
there's
also
a
decent
number
of
rainbow
smelts
in
their
diet,
especially
in
2018
and
2020,
and
then
for
rainbow
trout
or
steelhead.
They
eat
a
lot
of
bugs.
So
that's
that
dark
blue
color.
C
So
if
we
look
a
little
bit
more
closely,
just
at
some
of
the
main
predator
fish
in
lake
karen,
what
we
see
for
chinook
salmon
is
that
they're
eating
more
alewife
over
time.
So
if
we
look
from
2017
to
2019,
the
proportion
of
the
diet
made
up
by
alewife
was
increasing.
However,
we
don't
see
that
same
thing
in
2020,
but
that's
because
we
only
had
38
fish.
Maybe
we
probably
need
a
bigger
sample
size
to
be
able
to
accurately
see
if
that
trend
was
going
to
continue
or
not.
C
And
then
for
walleye
round,
goby
are
an
important
prey
item
for
walleye,
yellow
perch.
Look
like
they're
becoming
more
of
a
common
prey
item.
However,
the
2020
sample
most
of
it
comes
from
saginaw
bay
and
most
of
it
comes
from
later
on
in
the
year
when
the
walleye
are
maybe
eating
the
young
of
your
yellow
perch,
because
we
do
find
small,
yellow
perch
in
the
diets
and
we
may
be
under
representing
the
round
goby
there
just
because
we
don't
have
any
diets
from
the
spring
for
those
walleye
and
then
looking
at
steelhead.
C
C
C
Then,
if
we
look
across
time
so
starting
with
chinook
salmon,
if
you
look
at
the
left
graft
first,
this
combines
all
years
of
sampling.
We
see
that
alewife
were
pretty
common
in
the
diets
in
the
spring
and
then,
as
the
season
progresses,
they
seem
to
incorporate
more
rainbow
snouts
into
their
diets.
We
see
that
occurring.
Pretty
strongly
in
2017
a
little
bit
in
2018,
we
don't
see
it
as
much
for
2019
and
2020.
C
C
And
then
for
walleye,
so
I
did
mention
that
while
I
were
consuming
more
round
goby
in
the
spring,
we
can
see
that
here
so
in
june,
they're
consuming
a
ton
around
gobi
same
with
april
and
then
as
the
season
progresses.
So
we
get
to
july
through
october
they're,
starting
to
incorporate
more
yellow
perch,
which
again
we
do
see
very
small,
yellow
perch
in
the
diets
of
the
walleye.
C
So
the
next
steps
of
this
project
are
to
continue
analyzing
the
2020
stomachs.
So
we
do
have
plans
to
finish
that
this
summer,
like
I
said,
we
didn't
get
as
many
as
we
would
have
hoped
for,
but
that's,
okay,
we're
gonna
be
able
to
process
those
by
the
end
of
the
summer.
We
have
the
isotope
data
coming
in
just
waiting
on
the
prey
species
and
then
we'll
be
able
to
analyze
that
and
have
those
results
available.
We're
gonna
start
collecting
more
stomachs
starting
this
month.
C
Actually
I
am
going
to
a
fishing
tournament
in
port
huron
on
saturday,
so
if
you're
there
and
you
want
to
donate
stomachs,
I'll
be
there
to
collect
them,
and
then
the
project,
as
I
mentioned,
also
ends
in
2021.
So
at
the
end
of
this
year,
we'll
be
done
collecting
data
and
then
we'll
just
be
processing
those
stomachs
and
analyzing
the
data.
C
And
if
you
are
interested
in
participating
in
the
study-
and
you
want
to
volunteer
and
donate
stomachs,
we
are
introducing
punch
cards
for
2021.
So
this
is
what
they
look
like
they're
going
to
be
one
full
sheet
of
paper.
I
had
to
cut
it
in
half
for
the
powerpoint,
so
it
would
fit,
but
if
you're
interested
in
receiving
some
of
these
so
that
you
can
collect
stomachs,
let
me
know
we'd
be
happy
to
send
them
to
you
directly.
If
you
want
to
have
some
to
put
at
your
local
fish
cleaning
station.
C
Let
me
know
that
too.
We
can
send
you
a
packet,
get
you
all
the
materials
that
you
need
so
you're
able
to
put
these
out
and
then
people
can
help
collect
fishing
or
collect
fish
stomachs
and
contribute
to
this
project,
and
with
that,
if
you
want
to
stay
up
to
date
on
the
project,
we
do
have
a
social
media
page
here
on
michigan
predator
diet
study.
You
can
follow
us
on
there.
You
can
follow
me
directly
on
twitter
at
jakesawiki.
A
Thank
you,
jake
and
just
a
note
for
everybody.
We
are
dropping
and
sharing
some
of
the
website
and
resource
links
in
in
the
chat,
so
you
can
grab
them
today
and
we'll
make
sure
to
share
those
in
post-workshop
communication
also.
So
this
is
definitely
a
study.
That's
dependent
on
angular
contributions,
so
we're
hoping
everybody
and
all
either
are
contributing
or
will
contribute
this
season
so
jake
we
do
have
one
question
relating
to
the
calorie
value
of
prey
species.
C
We
for
this
project.
We
have
not
done
that.
I
know
there
is
research
out
there
where
that
has
been
done,
because
there
definitely
is
a
difference
between
the
caloric
value
of
certain
prey
items,
but
for
us
personally,
with
this
project,
we
have
not
done
that
now.
It's
definitely
something
that
we
could
do,
though,.
A
Great,
thank
you.
Are
there
any
specific
seasons
or
species
that
you
could
use
a
little
extra
help?
You
know
from
anglers
with.
C
C
A
Great
thank
you.
I
appreciate
that
and
I
I
think
it's
worth
noting
that
you
guys
spend
a
lot
of
effort
this
year,
trying
to
make
this
an
an
easier
project
for
anglers
to
participate
in
trying
to
streamline
the
contribution
piece.
We
do
have
one
more
question
that
just
came
in
is
is:
is
there
any
difference
in
in
preference
within
a
given
game
fish
species
for
a
particular
prey
other
than
perhaps
by
size,
or
is
it
more
happenstance
or
prey
availability.
C
There
is
definitely
preference
by
some
species
for
certain
prey.
I
didn't
show
any
of
the
lake
michigan
data,
but
chinook
salmon
will
exclusively
almost
exclusively
feed
on
alewife
when
life
are
available.
C
Lake
trout
are
more
of
a
generous,
though
not
be
as
picky,
but
for
a
species
like
chinook
salmon,
they
are
very
picky
and
they
want
to
eat
almost
exclusively
alewife,
whereas
fish
like
lake
trout,
less
picky,
coho
salmon,
less
picky
as
well,
but
there
is
some
preference
involved
based
on
predator
fish.
A
Great
thanks,
jake.
I
appreciate
that
so
a
virtual
round
of
applause
and
much
appreciation
for
sharing
that
study
and
I
think,
to
keep
us
moving
on
with
our
program.
I'll
move
us
up
the
food
chain
a
little
bit.
A
One
of
the
traditional
updates
that
the
dnr
fisheries
research
station
provides
is
an
offshore
fishery
update,
catch
and
creel
sort
of
look
at
how
the
fishery
has
performed
and
some
of
the
highlights
that
that
fishery
provided
in
the
last
year,
and
maybe
some
things
we
can
look
forward
to
in
in
the
coming
years.
A
So
todd
todd
wills
is
not
able
to
join
us
tonight,
but
he
pre-recorded
this
review
and
update
for
us
to
listen
to,
and
then
some
of
the
dnr
team
is
on
hand
to
answer
any
questions
you
might
have
following
todd's
todd's
update.
D
Good
evening,
thanks
for
tuning
in
to
tonight's
spring
fishery
workshop,
before
I
begin
tonight's
update
on
lake
huron's
main
base
in
offshore
fishery,
I
think
it's
helpful
to
define
exactly
what
a
fishery
is.
A
fishery
is
the
interaction
between
fish,
habitat
and
people
which,
in
the
case
of
the
great
lakes
and
its
connecting
waters,
results
in
major
social
and
economic
benefits
for
michigan.
D
This
50
000
foot
level
overview
of
how
the
current
conditions
in
lake
huron
came
to
be
begins
with
the
introduction
of
invasive
zebra
and
quagga
mussels.
This
created
a
perfect
storm
which
led
to
a
decrease
in
offshore
prey
through
fundamental
changes
in
nutrient
and
energy
flow,
which
was
exacerbated
by
increased
predation
pressure
from
naturally
reproducing
chinook
salmon.
D
Keep
that
in
mind,
as
it
not
only
affected
our
ability
to
collect
and
summarize
data,
but
it
also
created
a
surge
in
interest
for
outdoor
recreational
activities,
including
fishing
charter
operators,
are
required
to
report
their
effort,
catch
harvest
and
release
to
us.
Each
year
we
don't
survey
our
charter
operators.
D
Let's
begin
with
a
summary
of
charter
effort,
main
base
and
charter
fishing
effort
during
2020
over
23
000
angler
hours
continue
to
trend
above
the
contemporary
average
of
over
22
thousand
angler
hours,
which
is
represented
by
the
black
line.
This
is
the
fifth
consecutive
year
of
above
average
charter
effort
and
that's
impressive.
Considering
that
charter
operations
were
undoubtedly
affected
by
restrictions
associated
with
the
pandemic,
especially
early
in
the
year,
note
that
the
changes
to
the
lake
huron
ecosystem
that
have
occurred
since
2005
can
be
considered
the
new
normal.
D
I
use
harvest
as
one
of
the
primary
measures
of
fishery
performance
throughout
this
talk,
since
the
main
basin
fishery
is
harvest
oriented,
with
the
exception
of
tributary,
fish
freeze
for
steelhead
and
atlantic
salmon
harvest
in
the
main
basin
charter
fishery
mirrors.
Total
charter
effort,
which
is
represented
by
the
black
line
total
harvest
in
2020,
was
just
over
11
500
fish,
which
is
a
slight
increase
compared
to
2019
salmon
and
trout,
continue
to
comprise
the
largest
component
of
charter
harvest,
followed
by
walleye,
yellow
perch,
had
been
a
relatively
minor
component
of
charter
harvest.
D
In
contrast
to
the
charter
reporting
program,
the
creel
program
is
a
survey
we
station
creo
clerks
at
ports
in
order
to
interview
non-chartered
recreational
anglers,
as
they
finish
their
fishing
trips.
The
clerks
are
also
responsible
to
count.
The
number
of
people
or
boats
that
are
fishing
at
scheduled
times.
D
Counts
are
like
taking
a
snapshot
of
fishing
at
a
given
place,
and
time
counts
can
also
be
done
by
plane
using
the
interviews
and
accounts.
The
creel
program
estimates
how
many
hours
people
spend
fishing,
how
many
and
what
species
of
fish
they
harvested
and
released,
and
what
the
catch
harvest
and
release
rates
are
for
each
species
from
year
to
year.
We
estimate
this
information
because
we
only
sample
our
proportion
of
the
actual
anglers
that
are
out
there.
Fishing
2020
was
a
very
different
year
for
creel.
D
The
annual
creel
survey
started
nearly
two
months
later
than
usual
because
of
the
pandemic.
So
in
a
typical
year
the
open
water
creole
covers
the
months
of
april
through
october
in
2020.
The
creel
covers
the
last
week
of
may
through
october.
Please
remember
that
difference
when
considering
comparisons
among
years
in
the
next
slides.
D
D
Let's
focus
in
on
the
main
basin
fishery
for
the
remainder
of
this
presentation,
since
this
is
an
offshore
fishery
talk,
only
main
basin
ports
are
included
for
the
following
summary:
slides,
the
st
mary's
river
and
saginaw
bay
are
not.
Data
are
pooled
across
all
site
samples
in
a
given
year
to
provide
the
big
picture.
D
Estimated
recreational
fishing
effort
during
2020
range
from
a
low
of
about
400
angler
hours
at
hammond
bay
to
a
high
of
nearly
80
thousand
angler
hours
near
the
leishnow
islands.
Drummond
island
in
rogers
city
are
also
high
effort
ports
in
the
north,
while
alpena
and
oscoda
received
the
highest
effort.
Mid
lake
lexington
followed
harbor
beach
in
port
sanilac
in
the
south.
D
Overall
recreational
fishing
effort
has
trended
down
since
2005,
but
a
declining
trend
in
recreational
fishing
effort
isn't
unique
to
lake
huron
main
in
total
recreational
effort.
During
2020,
nearly
310
000
angler
hours
was
about
30
000
hours
higher
than
2019,
and
remember
that's
only
for
part
of
the
year
well,
still
below
the
contemporary
average,
represented
by
the
black
line.
The
past
three
years
have
shown
relatively
stable
levels
of
effort.
D
Salmon
and
trout
were
the
major
sources
of
non-charter
recreational
targeted
effort
throughout
the
1990s
and
early
2000s
after
the
food
web
changes
in
the
mid
2000s,
more
effort
in
the
main
basin
has
shifted
to
wale
and
yellow
perch
targeted
salmon
and
trout.
Effort
in
2020
was
similar
to
2019.
The
increase
in
non-charter
effort
in
2020
was
due
to
more
walleye
and
yellow
perch
effort.
D
It
doesn't
appear
that
the
observed
decline
in
non-charter
recreational
fishing
effort
in
the
main
basin
is
due
to
a
shift
in
effort
to
saginaw
bay,
while
lakewide
effort
represented
by
the
blue
line,
has
declined.
Saginaw
bay
has
consistently
accounted
for
60
to
80
percent
of
lakewide
effort
over
the
past
15
years,
which.
D
Chinook
salmon
lake,
trout
and
rainbow
trout
are
important
species
to
the
fishery
and
have
historically
comprised
the
largest
component
of
the
trout
and
salmon
harvest
and
continue
to
do
so.
Non-Charter
salmon
and
trout,
total
harvest
during
2020
was
just
over
26
000
fish.
That's
right
at
the
average
for
the
time
series
and
remember
it's
an
underestimate,
because
the
creel
survey
didn't
cover
the
typical
april
through
october
period.
D
I'd
like
to
focus
in
on
atlantic
salmon
for
a
moment
as
they
weren't
included
in
the
previous
summary
slide.
Atlantic
salmon
harvest
has
been
variable
during
the
past
15
years
for
reference,
I've
included
the
number
of
fish
stocked
which
is
represented
by
the
black
line.
The
harvest
in
2020
was
about
900
fish.
The
fishery
continues
to
grow
in
popularity
beyond
lake
huron,
with
catches
reported
throughout
the
sinclair
detroit
river
system.
D
The
extent
of
the
atlantic
salmon
fisheries
not
fully
captured
by
the
creel
survey
by
all
accounts.
There
are
active
tributary
fisheries
such
as
the
asaba
river
and
thunder
bay
river,
as
well
as
fishing
activity
that
extends
into
the
late
fall,
which
is
confirmed
by
coded
wire
tag.
Reports
note
that
catch
and
release
is
also
not
reflective.
D
D
D
Harvest
rates
are
another
useful
measure
for
fishery
performance
because
they
account
for
effort
rather
than
just
raw
numbers
of
fish.
Overall
non-target
harvest
rates
or
the
number
of
fish
harvested
per
angler
hour
of
effort
for
salmon
and
trout
had
been
above
the
contemporary
average,
represented
by
the
black
line.
During
the
past
five
years,
the
salmon
and
trout
harvest
rate
in
2020
was
the
third
highest
in
the
time
series
following
2018
and
2016.
D
Let's
shift
attention
away
from
salmon
and
trout
for
a
moment
and
discuss
walleye,
which
have
responded
very
well
to
the
ecosystem.
Changes
in
lake
huron.
The
recovery
in
saginaw
bay
is
a
perfect
example
if
you're
interested
in
learning
more
be
sure
to
tune
into
the
new
shore
fishery
workshop
on
april
29th
main
basin
walleye
harvest
in
2020
was
around
7
000
fish,
which
is
on
par
with
the
past
two
years.
Remember
that
effort
drives
harvest
and
targeted
walleye
effort
in
the
main
basin,
represented
by
the
black
line,
has
been
highly
variable.
D
In
summary,
charter
effort
and
harvest
have
been
stable
and
above
average
during
the
past
five
years,
harvest
mirror's
effort,
the
non-charter
recreational
fishery
has
been
relatively
stable.
The
past
three
years,
with
a
small
increase
in
effort
and
harvest
for
2020.
lake
trout
remain
the
largest
part
of
the
harvest
and
overall
salmon
and
trout
harvest
rates
are
up.
The
anglers
that
are
investing
the
time
to
fish
are
being
rewarded.
D
Finally,
lake
huron
continues
to
support
a
diverse
fishery
anglers
continue
to
harvest
lake
trout,
chinook
salmon,
rainbow
trout,
atlantic
salmon
and
coho
salmon.
The
relatively
new
coho
salmon
stocking
program
initiated
in
2019,
will
create
more
opportunity
and
don't
forget
about
the
opportunities
provided
by
walleye,
as
well
as
other
species
like
yellow,
perch
and
smallmouth
bass,
which
are
not
mentioned
here
when
fishing,
the
main
basin.
D
A
A
And
thank
you
goes
back
to
todd
for
preparing
that
update
so
and
I'm
gonna
move
us
on
and
introduce
pete
esselman
with
the
usgs
great
lakes
science
center.
The
great
lakes
science
center
has
been
doing
some
pretty
innovative
work
to
really
use
some
technology
to
think
about
how
to
monitor
and
estimate
around
gobi
abundance.
We
all
know
gobies
end
up
in
the
stomachs
of
a
lot
of
the
fish
we're
catching.
A
But
what
is
that
overall
contribution
of
gobies
in
our
lake
huron
system,
so
pete
I'll,
introduce
you
and
let
you
share
a
bit
more
about
your
exciting
work.
E
Thanks
so
much
I
appreciate
it.
I
appreciate
appreciate
the
opportunity
to
present
tonight
so
out
of
the
gate
here,
I
want
to
acknowledge
my
collaborator
chuck
mcdengen,
also
at
the
usgs
great
lakes
science
center
in
ann
arbor.
E
As
you
heard
from
some
of
the
other
presenters
earlier
jake
and
tim,
for
instance,
you
know
round
goby
are
very
important
prey
item
for
lake
trout,
walleye
as
well
as
other
species
in
lake
huron
and
the
great
lakes
more
generally,
especially
the
lower
four
lakes
and
through
the
effort
that
usgs
expends
every
year
in
with
the
bottom
trial.
E
E
The
gobies
may
have
behaviors
that
would
make
them
avoid
the
net,
and
so
there's
a
the
assumption
that
our
estimates
around
gobi
have
have
been
consistently
low,
in
other
words,
we're
not
very
efficient
at
catching
them
and,
at
the
same
time,
we're
seeing
these
great
increases
in
gobi,
as
in
the
guts
of
the
different
fishes
that
are
important
within
the
the
sports
and
commercial
fisheries,
and
so
we've
cut,
we've
essentially
begun.
E
Developing
new
methods
and
and
the
method
we've
developed
is
one
that
relies
on
what's
called
an
autonomous
underwater
vehicle
and
it's
essentially
a
underwater
drone
that
we've
equipped
with
cameras.
You
can
see
the
the
vehicle
in
the
lower
right
side
of
this
slide
here.
E
So
this
is
a
about
nine
feet
long,
it
is
untethered
we
you
know.
Essentially
we
we
plot
out
a
mission
for
it.
We
load
that
mission
via
wi-fi
link
to
the
the
computer
on
board
the
the
vehicle
we
deploy
it
from
a
small
boat
which
I'll
show
you
in
a
moment
in
a
video
it
operates.
We
tend
to
operate
at
about
one
and
a
half
knots
at
two
one,
one
to
two
meters
off
the
bottom.
E
We
tend
to
target
one
point:
seven
five
meters
off
the
bottom
and
the
the
vehicle
essentially
has
been
modified
to
carry
a
color
camera,
which
is
a
9
megapixel
camera,
and
then
we
have
a
stereo
camera.
Of
course,
the
stereo
camera
gives
us
the
ability
to
do
three-dimensional
reconstructions
of
the
lake
bed,
so
we
can
understand
not
just
where
the
gobies
are
at,
but
also
we
can
understand
what
type
of
habitat
they're
they're
existing
in
the
the
vehicle
is
rated
to
200
meters
depth.
E
E
So
you
can
see
in
this
video
what
it
looks
like
in
the
water.
This
is
in
thunder
bay,
lake
huron.
After
a
deployment
we
just
hook
it
up.
We
bring
it
on
the
back
deck.
This
is
before
covid
when
we
had
to
have
our
masks
on
all
the
time
and
when
it's
underwater,
it's
essentially
flying
right
off
the
bottom
you
can
see.
This
is
a
probably
about
six
feet
off
the
bottom,
there's
an
object,
avoidance
sounder
in
the
front,
which
is
essentially,
if
there's
a
shipwreck
or
a
pipeline
or
anything
in
front
of
it.
E
It
will
avoid
that
the
orange
mast
is
essentially
a
communications
mast
when
we're
at
the
surface
and
then
it's
taking
photographs
along
the
way
and
we
take
five
photographs
per
second,
as
we
as
we
move.
So
this
is
what
the
pictures
look
like.
You
can
see
if
you
can
recognize
some
fish
in
this
picture.
Also,
some
hairy
cold
offer
algae.
Those
fish
can
be
labeled
or
traced
manually,
but
we're
also
trying
to
train
machines
to
do
that.
E
This
is
essentially
what
the
process
looks
like
of
from
a
raw
photo
to
having
data
from
each
photo.
So
in
the
top
left
we
have
the
raw
photo
right.
Now
we
have
hired
a
company
in
new
jersey
to
look
at
each
individual
photo
and
to
trace
the
the
fish
that
are
present
in
that
photo.
E
Once
we
have
those
traces
done,
we
can
actually
estimate
their
length
of
each
individual
fish,
which
gives
us
the
ability
to
estimate
their
their
their
weight
as
well,
because
weight
scales
with
length-
and
once
we
have
you,
know
the
whole
photo
sort
of
labeled
and
quantified.
E
So
when
we
average
our
data
over
many
midi
images
on
a
transect,
usually
we
sub
sample
the
images,
so
we're
not
getting
double
counts
and
then
we
then
could
average
them
over
many
transects
within
a
lake
and
that's
exactly
what
we
are
working
on
right
now
with
2020
data
we
collected
in
lake
michigan
so
last
summer
we
overcame
the
coveted
barriers
and
we
were
able
to
to
collect
30
10
kilometer
flight
paths
with
the
auv
we
tried
to
reach
that
blue
line,
which
is
the
30
meter
depth
line
in
lake
michigan.
E
We
structured
our
study
to
encompass
coarse
bottom
types,
rocky
bottoms,
which
would
be
the
red
dots
as
well
as
fine
bottom
types,
which
would
be
sand
and
silt
and
clay,
and-
and
so
you
know,
we
were
able
to
essentially
have
a
very
nice
spatially
distributed
study
that
was
focused
on
the
summer
distribution
of
gobi,
which
is
in
the
shallow
water
environment,
from
zero
to
30
meters.
E
For
much
of
the
rest
of
the
talk
I'll
be
focused
on
this
site,
lm
underscore
20
underscore
08,
which
is
to
the
west
of
grand
traverse
bay.
You
can
see
it
outlined
here,
so
the
first
thing
that
we
did
well
in
total.
We
gathered
about
two
and
a
half
million
photographs
during
this,
this
effort,
and
that's
just
from
the
color
camera,
and
we
have
the
same
amount
for
the
stereo
camera,
and
we
have
point
clouds
which
show
us
the
elevation
of
the
lake
bed.
E
It's
essentially
how
rough
it
is
or
how
smooth
it
is.
So
we
subsampled
every
25th
image
and
then
we
screened
all
of
those
and
and
we
threw
out
any
pictures
that
were
overexposed
underexposed
to
turbid,
and
we
had
a
fairly
consistent
overexposure
in
our
photos,
which
sort
of
begs
for
some
camera
adjustments
this
year.
So
we
ended
up
being
able
to
use
about
44
of
the
100
000
photos
and
for
those
usable
images
we
sent
them
off
to
be
evaluated
and
traced
for
the
presence
of
fish.
E
You
can
see
sleeping
bear
dunes
shown
in
the
pink
outline
here
sleeping
bear
dunes.
Has
this
heart-shaped
reef
called
good
harbor
reef,
and
this
is
showing
the
elevation
of
the
reef
with
the
warmer
colors
being
shallower
and
the
bluer
colors
being
deeper.
So
last
august
we
were
out
there.
We
did
a
ten
and
a
half
kilometer
flight
path
with
the
auv
lasting
almost
four
hours.
E
E
E
We
had
the
greatest
abundance
of
round
goby
on
this
particular
survey
and
we
can
of
course
get
statistical
estimates
of
the
number
of
fish
per
meter
squared,
as
well
as
the
weight
of
fish
per
meter
squared
based
on
that
length
to
weight
conversion
that
I
mentioned.
E
And
so
when
I
in
my
title,
you
know,
I
I
suggested
that
we're
trying
to
make
a
whole
lake
estimate
of
round
goby
to
complement
our
trial-based
studies
and
the
way
we
do
that
is
essentially
through
extrapolation
and
mathematical,
extrapolation
and
I'll
demonstrate
that
briefly
here.
So
here
we
have
good
harbor
reef
in
its
depth
ranges
we
can.
We
can
essentially
categorize
the
that
depth
gradient
into
discrete
depth
classes
and
each
one
of
those
has
an
area
associated
with
it,
which
you
can
see
on
the
left
hand
side
of
the
slide.
E
So
in
this
case,
in
this
10
square
kilometer
area
of
reef
in
northeastern
lake
michigan,
we
estimate
there's
a
little
bit
over
seven
million
fish
on
the
reef
and
there's
weighing
you
know:
89
000
kilo
kilograms,
which
is
0.089
kilotons.
E
So
that's
just
an
example
from
one
of
the
30
transects
we
did
so
we're
in
the
process
now
of
combining
those
and
but
even
looking
at
that
specific
transect,
we
can
learn
some
things
so
first
we
can
learn
that
the
abundances
that
we
we
measured
are
sort
of
well
within
the
range
of
other
published
studies
that
use
similar
methods
using
video
or
cameras
to
estimate
fish
abundances.
E
The
other
thing
that
we
can
learn
is
that
even
in
a
10
square,
kilometer
area
of
lake
michigan,
which
is
a
lake
in
which
we
we
through
our
bottom
trawl
survey,
make
an
estimate
of
fish
abundance
in
15
000
square
kilometers,
even
in
that
small
10
square
kilometer
area
we're
already
estimating
enough
round
gobi
biomass
to
account
for
three
percent
of
the
average
lakewide
estimate
that
we
get
from
our
bottom
troll,
suggesting
that
we're
likely
to
arrive
at
an
answer
eventually.
E
At
the
end
of
the
lakewide
sort
of
data
crunch,
that
is
a
fair
amount
higher
than
our
than
our
bottom
trawl
estimates
coming
out
of
the
the
large
vessel
trawling
operations.
This
these
numbers
are
likely
to
be
conservative
because
round.
Gobies,
of
course,
are
cryptic,
they're
well
hidden.
They
hide
they're
under
the
algae
they're
under
the
rocks.
E
They
bury
themselves
in
sand
sometimes,
and
so
you
know
we're
likely
to
be
estimating
on
the
low
end
of
abundance
when
we
come
out
with
our
numbers
and,
of
course,
we're
currently
working
to
combine
all
these
data
to
get
to
the
lake
michigan
scale
from
this
sort
of
transect
scale
that
I
just
just
showed
you.
E
The
other
thing
I
wanted
to
sort
of
highlight
very
briefly,
is
that
I
mentioned
that
we're
trying
to
incorporate
not
just
these
depth
categories,
but
also
whether
the
substrate
on
the
lake
bed
is
smooth
or
rough,
with
the
assumption
that
rougher
rougher
substrate
correlates
the
greater
abundances
of
round
gobi,
which
is
a
well-established
fact
in
in
the
literature
from
the
great
lakes.
So
here's
an
example
of
a
three-dimensional
reconstruction.
E
That's
coming
from
our
cameras.
This
is
a
reconstruction
that
is
probably
on
has
a
resolution
of
about
a
centimeter,
maybe
a
half
centimeter.
You
can
see
these
these.
You
know
the
clay.
E
This
is
actually
an
area
on
mitchley
reef
from
thunder
bay
lake
here
on
and
there's
these
clay
platforms
there,
which
are
shown
in
smooth
in
the
reconstruction
and
there's
also,
these
dry
seated
muscle
covered
rocks
these
quagga
mussels
encoding
these
rocks.
So
we
can
correlate
this
sort
of
high
resolution,
habitat
information
with
the
abundance
of
gobies
and
improve
our
estimates
of
abundance
and
we're
also
working
to
sort
of
take
the
the
middleman,
the
people
who
are
labeling
the
fish,
we're
working
to
take
them
out
of
the
equation
here.
E
So
specifically,
we're
really
trying
to
automate
the
process
of
detecting
the
fish
in
in
the
imagery
there's
very
powerful
approaches
using
ai
systems.
You
can
see
in
this
case
that
a
functioning
model
that
we're
calling
goby
net
has
detected
with
between
87
and
99
probability,
which
is
shown
here
as
a
proportion,
0.87
would
say.
There's
an
87
percent
probability
that
round
goby
occurs
in
that
bounding
box,
so
we're.
E
Basically,
we
already
have
a
the
computer
performing
at
about
82
accuracy
in
automating
that
and
we're
moving
forward,
so
we're
going
to
incorporate
course
versus
fine
substrate,
as
well
as
depth
classes
into
the
whole
lake
assessment.
E
Hopefully,
within
two
months
we
have
our
final
results
for
that
and
we
can
share
those
and
publish
them.
We
are
essentially
spanning
our
program
building
a
second
autonomous
underwater
vehicle
that
should
be
online
in
the
early
fall.
E
So
hopefully
I
run
into
some
of
you
this
summer
and
if
I
do,
please
feel
free
to
come
up
and
check
out
the
robot
and
and
talk
to
me
more
about
it
and
we're
very
much
pushing
to
develop
to
develop
these
automated
methods
more
quickly,
because
the
the
vision
here
is
that
by
the
time
the
robot
comes
out
of
the
water
we
take
it.
We
put
it
in
a
box
trailer.
E
We
upload
the
data
to
the
cloud
and
and
the
computers
are
essentially
whirring
away
remotely
and
within
a
few
days
we
can
publish
the
results
of
a
specific
transect
and
anyone
could
go
there
and
and
sort
of
consume
those
that
information
and
the
maps
that
that
were
we're,
predicting
gobi
abundance
variation
in
space
and
in
time.
E
So
with
that
a
lot
of
folks,
a
lot
of
funding
has
supported
this
project.
Some
people
on
the
phone
today,
randy
claremont.
Thank
you
so
much
a
lot
of
people
on
my
team
listed
on
the
left
and
if
these
can
be
shared
or
you
can
consume
this
video
later
later,
these
are
some
of
the
references
that
I
shared
in
the
presentation
today.
Thank
you
very
much.
A
Thank
you
pete.
This
is
all
very
exciting
and
I
appreciate
you
taking
the
time
to
share
a
summary
of
the
technology
and
and
some
of
the
early
findings
and
future
opportunities.
That's
really
really
neat.
So
there's
some
questions
coming
in
one
one
question
I
had
was:
how
does
the
image,
how
do
you,
how
are
you
differentiating
between
other
bottom
dwelling
species
like
sculpins
and
darters,
that
look
kind
of
similar
to
or
could
look
similar
right
so.
E
So
so
we're
working
so
currently,
I
think
the
task
is
to
automate
the
process
of
identifying
a
fish
on
the
lake
bed,
whether
regardless
of
species.
E
E
E
E
But
I
I
think
it's
also
safe
to
to
to
say
that
the
majority
of
those
fish
are
around
goby
and
and
so
that
I'll
leave
it
at
that.
I
think
down
the
line
as
our
image
quality
improves,
we'll
be
able
to
discriminate
among
species.
I
don't
think
we'll
do
that
this
year
or
next,
though,.
A
Yeah
thanks
pete
and
then
one
other
question
I
had
here
regarding
the
potential
to
deploy
these
types
of
underwater
rvs
remotely
to
get
a
more
comprehensive
picture
of
prey
fish
in
the
lakes
in
in
really
specifically
in
the
context
of
supplementing
or
maybe
replacing
some
some
of
the
troll
trial
data.
And
I
know
so
tim
tim
and
you
worked
together.
So
tim
was
sharing
some
of
the
acoustic
data
in
the
trial
data.
And
how
does
that
pair?
A
Up
with
with
the
data
that
you're
gathering
in
terms
of
telling
a
overall
prey
story
for
lake
huron
or.
A
E
The
the
you
know,
the
large
vessel
program
is
kind
of
the
heart
of
usgs's,
long
science
and
and
we,
the
thing
that's
really
powerful
about
our
data
set-
is
that
the
the
bottom
trial
data
set
extends
now
for
50
years
and
and
we
wouldn't
have
as
much
insight
into
these
food
web
shifts
that
that
todd
was
talking
about
unless
we
were
out
there
every
year,
deploying
the
similar
gear
types
with
similar
boats
to
get
comparable
data.
E
We
can't
be
everywhere
all
the
time
and
and
if
the
weather
gets
rough,
we
can't
be
on
the
lake
at
the
shoulders
of
the
seasons
when,
when
whitefish
and
cisco
and
lake
trout
are
beginning
to
spawn
and
deposit
eggs
and
aggregate,
we
can't
be
out
there
very
effectively
because
it
becomes
pretty
dangerous
and
so
these
technologies
we
see
as
a
supplement
and
a
complement
to
our
large
vessel
operations.
E
I
think
it
is
worth
making
a
comparison
and
trying
to
sort
of
cross
calibrate
between
the
new
tech
and
the
old
tech.
But
I
think
right
now.
The
mode
of
thinking
is
not
that
that
these
new
technologies
replace
the
large
vessel
operations
and
and
the
important
data
we
get
from
those
operations,
but
rather
to
supplement
those.
A
Thank
you
and
then
there's
one
last
question
here:
in
the
q
a
tabs,
have
you
repeated
transects
as
a
means
of
data
controls,
so
it
sounds
like
a
lot
of
the
work
right
now
is
calibrating
and
test
driving
the
equipment
and
the
methodology,
and
so
just
wondering
about
it.
How
you're
managing
for
for
data
controls,
sir.
E
Not
exactly
sure
what
what
some,
what
you
know,
what
the
question,
what
what
data
controls
means
in
that
context,
what
we
have
been
doing
it
we
do,
we
do
repeat
transects,
and
because
we
have
this
underwater
positioning
capability,
those
trans
sacs
are
likely
to
be
within
a
few
meters
of
each
other.
You
know,
regardless
of
the
year
or
the
month
or
the
day
or
the
time
of
day,
and
so
we
can
do
a
pretty
good
job,
repeating
the
same
transect
over
and
over.
E
I
think
there's
also,
you
know
I
I
think,
there's
there's.
It
remains
to
be
seen
a
little
bit
whether
we
run
the
exact
same
transects
every
year,
but
we
certainly
could
do
that
and
so
from.
We
could
control
for
year
to
year
variation
in
the
habitats
we
assess
by
essentially
running
the
exact
same
transects
that
we
did
last
year.
E
Over
again,
we
could
probably
even
get
pretty
close
in
terms
of
when
we
assess
those
transects,
so
that
would
be
one
form
of
control,
but
there's
a
trade-off
of
course,
when
you
start
talking
about,
you
know,
looking
at
the
same
30
sites
every
year
versus
potentially
branching
out
and
learning
more
about
the
spatial
variability
like.
E
Essentially
how
variable
are
those
abundances
in
space,
for
instance,
we
encountered
massive
aggregations
of
gobies,
I
would
say
of
75
gobies
per
square
meter
near
ludington
last
season
in
early
september,
and
you
know
it's
possible
that
if
we
can
continue
to
sort
of
mix
up
where
we're
doing
our
transects,
we
could
encounter
additional
sort
of.
We
can
make
new
realizations
about
sort
of
where
gobies
are
and
why
they're
there,
and
when
are
they
there?
E
Speaking
about
when
you
know,
there's
the
common.
The
common
thinking
right
now,
based
on
available
evidence,
is
that
gobies
go
to
deep
water
in
the
wintertime,
and
that's
the
other
thing
that
we
can
do
pretty
well
with
this,
because
we
can
get
sort
of
a
surgical
precision
of
our
deployment
well
well
down
into
the
lake
water
column
to
200
meters,
and
so
this
offers
us
a
great
opportunity.
E
For
instance,
if
we
were
going
to
again
do
repeated
transects
one
way
of
doing
a
repeated
transect
that
would
be
particularly
useful
is
to
do
that
on
a
monthly
basis
or
every
other
month
throughout
the
year
to
see
if
the
the
distribution
and
size
sizes
of
the
gobies
we
catch
are
actually
becoming
deeper
in
the
winter
and
then
and
then
coming
back
into
the
shallows
to
confirm
that
pattern
for
lake
huron,
because
it
hasn't,
it
hasn't
yet
been
confirmed
for
lake
huron
in
a
sort
of,
at
least
in
the
scientific
literature.
A
Thanks,
pete
and
again,
a
virtual
round
of
applause,
and
thank
you
for
taking
time
out
of
your
evening
to
share
with
us
it's
all
very
exciting
work
and-
and
I'm
sure
folks
on
the
webinar
are
excited
to
have
had
a
chance
to
listen
in.
So
thank
you
and
I
appreciate
everybody
hanging
tight.
A
We've
we've
got
a
great
group
tonight
and
everybody's
hanging
strong
into
the
conversation,
so
we
we're
getting
close
to
rounding
out
the
evening
and
in
good
tradition
we
and
end
our
our
workshop
series
with
each
each
year
with
a
a
fisheries
management.
So
what
right?
So?
We've
had
a
great
opportunity
here
from
a
lot
of
the
research
side
of
of
what's
going
on
in
the
lake
huron
fishery
and
we're
going
to
turn
it
over
now
to
randy
claremont
and
his
team.
A
Dave,
borgeson
and
jeff,
jolly
and
and
some
other
of
the
management
crew
are
online
to
really
share
a
quick
management
update,
but
maybe
more
so
generate
a
conversation,
and
I
did
just
want
to
acknowledge
that
there
was
some
questions
in
chat
regarding
comparing
contrasting
atlantic
versus
coho
stocking,
and
I
think
that
probably
relates
here
right
right.
Randy.
F
Absolutely
brandon-
and
I
just
want
to
say
thanks
again
before
I
forget
to
you
and
michigan
sea-
grant
for
all
your
help
in
facilitating
these
and
to
the
presenters
for
the
excellent
presentations
and
information
they
shared.
We
all
know
that
2020
was
a
challenging
year
and
you
know,
as
we
saw
in
some
of
the
estimates,
that
todd
wills
provided
for
the
charter
and
recreational
fishery.
F
You
know
there's
gaps
in
data,
but
crews
did
their
best
and
staff
did
a
phenomenal
job,
trying
to
complete
the
surveys
or
get
whatever
information
we
could
to
inform
our
management
decisions
so
kudos
to
all
of
the
staff
and
everybody
for
you
know
really
doing
their
best
in
a
challenging
year.
One
of
the
things
that
we
looked
at
that
I
want
to
talk
about
before
we
get
into
maybe
the
the
coho
and
the
atlantic
salmon
is,
you
know
we
did.
F
F
But
one
of
the
things
that
that
we
did
is
we
try
to
use
those
gaps
as
opportunities
to
look
at
our
programs
and
kind
of
do
a
deep
dive
into
some
of
the
approaches
and
before
I
get
into
into
that
for
steelhead
and
atlantic
salmon.
I
want
to
talk
about
input
from
the
advisors,
and
I
see
you
know
with
the
hundred
or
so
participants
we
have
on
today
that
many
of
our
citizens,
fisheries
advisers,
are
on
the
call
and
are
are
very
much
familiar
with
giving
us
input
throughout
the
year
on
various
proposals.
F
One
of
those
being
you
know
their
their
concern
with
the
post
stocking
survival
of,
especially
for
steelhead,
but
also
atlantics,
and
really
for
most
of
our
stockings
in
general.
But
there
are
specific
cases
that
our
advisors
raised,
that
they
were
looking
to
see
if
there
are
any
other
options
to
increase
the
post-docking
survival
of
some
of
our
salmon
and
trout.
And
we
because
we
weren't
stocking
steelhead
and
walleye.
F
We
kind
of
took
the
opportunity
to
work
with
our
advisors
and
we
came
up
with
a
what
I
believe
is
a
a
relatively
flexible
but
advanced
strategy
that
we're
going
to
implement
next
year
to
try
to
deal
with
the
the
timing
of
these
stockings
and
increase
the
overall
probability
of
post-stocking
survival
so
that
these
fish
return
to
the
fish
the
fishery,
and
we
did
that
for
steelhead
and
wall,
our
steelhead
and
atlantic
salmon
presented
that
to
the
advisors
and
that
was
well
received.
F
Likewise,
we
did
this
a
similar
type
of
exercise
for
walleye
and
our
pond
production.
This
is
mostly
for
inland
systems,
but
again
trying
to
utilize
the
opportunity
that
we
had,
because
we
weren't
stocking
fish
to
try
to
address
some
of
our
management
concerns.
So
you
know
I
I
could
go
on
with
updates,
but
I
really
think
if
there
are
some
questions
out
there,
I'd
like
to
hear
them.
F
I
know
one
of
them
that
was
asked
was
you
know
we,
the
the
advisors,
worked
with
us
on
some
revisions
to
our
salmon
and
trout
management
plan
a
few
years
back
and
that
resulted
in
re-stocking
coho
salmon.
F
But
we
didn't
want
to
increase
the
overall
predator
consumption
consumptive
demand,
so
we
decreased
snook
salmon
at
roughly
the
same
equivalency
in
terms
of
their
overall
consumption
at
a
rate
that
would
allow
us
to
increase
our
to
reinstate
coal
salmon.
So
we
traded
chinook,
30
000
shook
for
approximately
90
000
coho
and
anglers
are
seeing
those
fish
return
to
the
fishery,
especially
in
the
southern
portion
of
the
lake
in
the
spring.
F
So
really
great
news
we'd
love
to
hear
those
reports,
but
you
know
some
of
the
points
where
we
could
could
we
stock
more
coho
or
what
other
changes
might
be
coming
and
I
I
really
want
to
say
we
looked
at
our
overall
predator
prey
dynamic
and
made
some
assessment
that
we
really
don't
want
to
push
the
system
much
more
than
we
are
right
now
and
there
was
an
opportunity
with
the
reduction
of
you
know
no
steelhead
eggs
being
taken
last
year
that
maybe
we
could
accommodate
or
temporarily
increase,
salmon
stocking
of
a
different
species
and
our
advisors
said
they
would
rather
not
do
that
in
lieu
of
the
prey
fish
biomass
levels
and
give
a
little
bit
more
room
in
the
system
to
manage
a
healthy
ecosystem.
F
So
that's
a
mouthful
I
know,
and
it's
a
lot
that
we
have
been
trying
to
work
through.
But
with
that
maybe
I
can
you
know
transition
into
some
some
questions.
It
looks
like
a
comment
that
the
the
coho
and
the
atlantic's
are
a
good
part
of
the
fishery.
F
Are
we
getting
data
about
the
lake
erie
corridor
yeah?
So
we
are
getting
reports
of
coho
showing
up
not
only
in
the
lake
erie
corridor,
but
also
on
the
ontario
side
of
lake
huron.
So
the
coho-
that's
telling
us
they're
surviving.
Well,
so
we
and
we
would
see
you
know
the
range
expansion
if
we
get
good
survival,
which
appears
to
be
the
case
so
to
us.
F
That's
a
good
indicator
that
these
fish
are
surviving
well
and
we
expect
them
to
kind
of
migrate
north
as
the
season
warms,
and
we
see
that
in
some
of
the
krill
data.
So
we'll
expect
that
what
are
we
hearing
on
coal
fish
in
the
spring?
The
south
and
the
lake
are
many
being
caught
kind
of
address
that,
but
basically
yeah,
I
would
say
the
fishery
continues
to
expand.
F
You
know
last
year
in
2020
was
the
first
spring
we
were
expecting
returns
and
unfortunately
we
had
to
postpone
our
creel
surveys,
but
a
lot
of
you
sent
me
images
of
fish
that
were
being
caught
limit
catches
of
coho
and
southern
lake
huron
similar
pattern
this
year.
So
we're
seeing
success
of
that
program
not
only
in
southern
lake
huron,
but
even
other
areas
of
lake
huron.
F
Another
question
is
any
chance
of
lowering
the
lake
trout
stocking
to
make
room
for
more
coho
steelhead
atlantic's
yeah.
You
know
that
what's
interesting
about
this
question
and
thanks
bryce
for
bringing
that
up
is
that
one
of
our
goals,
you
know
overall,
is
to
have
a
balanced,
predator
prey
fish
fish
community.
So
we
don't
want
to
drive
the
prey
fish
to
low
levels
and
have
the
predators
crash,
and
we
recognize
that
we're
dealing
with
a
very
diverse
and
ever-changing
prey
fish
community.
F
So
our
approach-
and
I
would
say
a
follow-up
goal-
is
to
manage
a
diversity
of
predators
from
lake
trout
to
coho,
to
you
know
as
part
of
the
reason
for
reintroducing
coho
chinook
atlantic
salmon,
steelhead,
etc.
So
you
know
we
look
into
changing
and
by
the
way
we
did
reduce
stocking
of
lake
trout
a
couple
years
back
by
approximately
66
percent
lake
wide,
and
that
was
to
account
for
some
changes
in
natural
production.
But
I
think
some
anglers
in
certain
parts
of
lake
feel
like
that
stocking
reduction.
F
Lake
trout
was
too
far
and
there
there's
actually
calls
for
reintroducing
or
restocking
lake
trout
and
areas
where
the
fishery
has
declined
pretty
dramatically,
because
the
natural
recruitment
isn't
holding
up
and
we're
not
seeing,
obviously
the
returns
from
stocking.
So
the
overall
answer,
your
question
is:
we'll
constantly
look
at
this
diversity
of
predator
diversity
of
prey
and
shoot
for
a
balance.
F
But
you
know
we
we
want
to
get
away
from
managing
a
single
species
system
like
chinook,
alewife
dominated
or
a
lake
trout,
bloater
dominated
because
we
know
the
fish
community
is
much
more
complicated
than
that
and
a
suite
of
predators
and
a
diversity
of
prey
promotes
stability
and
health
in
the
fishery.
F
One
of
the
additional
questions
was
that
that
was
asked
about
thiaminase
and
prey
that
is
expressed
in
natural
reproduction
of
predators.
Is
this
fact,
or
other
factors
related
to
the
quality
of
crayfish
being
considered
the
planet
of
plenty
of
predators
yeah?
This
gets
to
it.
You
know
builds
upon
what
I
was
just
saying
about
a
diversity
of
predators
and
prey.
An
alewife
were
a
big
driver
in
the
thyme
and
thiaminase
deficiency
syndrome
that
we
saw
across
the
great
lakes
and
played
out
in
lake
huron
for
sure.
F
So
you
know
again,
I
think
the
the
the
solution
we're
not
going
to
be
able
to
get
away
from
this
thiamin
thiaminase,
as
it's
now
in
the
bacteria
in
the
food
web
through
and
through,
but
by
managing
a
diversity
of
predators
and
and
prey
we're,
hopefully
going
to
build
a
community
that
can
compensate
and
mitigate
for
things
like
thiamin
deficiency
syndrome,
and
you
know
we're
seeing
increased
evidence
of
natural
production
of
lake
trout
and
several
other
salmoning
species
across
the
lake.
F
So
good
news,
good
question
and
I
know
I
kind
of
ran
through
those
and
I
could
circle
back,
but
other
questions,
brandon
or
ones
that
I
might
have
missed.
As
I
was
trying
to
follow
through
the
question
and
answer
session
there.
No.
A
That's
great
keep
it
rolling
if
there's
other
questions
not
just
for
the
dnr
crew,
but
other
presenters
that
you
didn't
have
a
chance
to
ask
feel
free
to
toss
them
in
there
randy.
Maybe
as
a
teaser,
you
and
it
looks
like
tim
addressed.
The
cisco
question
so
early
on
greg
asked
what
what
attracts
cisco
to
georgian
bay
versus
lake
huron.
So
there's
been
this
concerted
effort
to
restore
cisco
and
lake
huron
and
and
we'll
have
kevin
mcdonald
from
fish
and
wildlife
service
share
an
update
on
that
that
that
restoration
stocking
effort.
F
Yeah,
I
thought
tim
did
a
good
job
of
kind
of
setting
the
stage
of
framing
that,
in
terms
of
you,
know
the
habitat
the
you
know
what
we
understand
about
cisco
in
northern
lake
here
on
georgia
bay,
the
idea
that
these
stocks
have
been
relatively
stable,
but
they
haven't
really
expanded
to
other
areas
of
the
lake.
F
Cisco
are
unique
because
they
can
provide
or
serve
as
a
prey
fish
at
the
younger
life
stages,
but
then
grow
outside
of
the
the
sizes
that
can
be
consumed
by
fish
predators.
But
then
that
leaves
you
kind
of
a
bank
of
of
prey
availability
or
production,
because
you've
got
a
constant
supply
of
adults
as
well
as
providing
fishing
opportunities
across
a
range
of
users,
so
yeah
getting
into
you
know,
efforts
to
try
to
promote
their
colonization
or
building
stocks
in
other
areas
of
the
lake
like
outer
saginaw
bay.
F
You
know
that
that
is
what
will
be
discussed
a
little
bit
next
week
and
you
know
a
lot
of
great
work
and
a
lot
of
great
effort
from
our
partners
to
help
facilitate
those
stockings.
And
you
know
this
is
the
early
part
of
the
program.
So
we're
kind
of
looking
for
every
little
indicator
we
get
on
the
returns
of
those
stockings
and
and
so
yeah.
I
encourage
everyone
to
to
listen
next
week
and
hear
about
the
updates.
F
I
know
there
was
a
question
about
creel
clerks.
We,
our
crew
clerks,
are
working
a
full
strategy.
This
year
we
have
some
temporary
setbacks
and
our
our
staffing,
because
a
lot
of
our
crew
clerks
actually
promoted
to
some
other
positions
this
year
and
are
retired.
F
So
if
you
see
gaps,
it's
because
we're
just
in
transition
of
staff,
but
not
because
of
the
pandemic,
so
we're
moving
on
with
with
trying
to
get
a
full
complement
of
our
creole
program
and
estimating
catch
and
effort
looks
like
there's
a
question
on.
Could
I
briefly
update
us
in
the
lamprey
numbers
and
control
efforts
by
mr
ed
yeah,
so
in
sea?
Lamprey
control
remains
a
priority
for
all
the
great
lakes
agencies.
F
If
you
weren't
aware
we
had
a
crisis
a
couple
years
ago
with,
on
the
ontario
side,
there
was
some
pushback
between
some
of
the
first
nations,
the
mississauga
and
the
garden
river
first
nations
on
sea
lamprey
control
that
led
to
some
very
critical
streams
not
being
treated
for
a
couple
years,
so
we're
seeing
some
signals
in
the
data
in
certain
areas
and
certain
species
of
minor
up
ticks
and
sea
lamprey.
F
But
we
were
able
to
reach
agency
resolve
on
that
issue
and
we
will
be
aggressively
pursuing
an
expanded
sea
lamprey
control
strategy
for
lake
huron
in
this
upcoming
year
and
anticipate
that
those
numbers
will
be
in
check.
F
But
by
chance
you,
you
know,
see
something
unusual
or
an
a
large
number
of
fish
with
transforming
sea
lamprey
on
on
predators
that
you
wouldn't
know
we
love
to
get
that
feedback
and
we'll
pass
it
on
to
our
our
counterparts
of
the
fish
wildlife
service
and
great
lakes
fisheries
commission
to
address
those
issues
in
the
data
presented.
Why
was
ty
tawas,
not
included?
F
Many
of
the
species
discussed
here
are
target
anglers
from
that
port
yeah.
So
the
the
port,
specific
information
and
by
the
way
tawas,
is
sampled
both
in
fishery
surveys,
so
crews
have
both
bottom
trawl
and
other
survey
information
collected
out
of
tawas
and
likewise
we
do
get
angular
input
and
and
feedback
from
anglers
at
that
port.
F
So
that's
partly
part
of
the
the
reason
why
taos
might
not
be
included
in
our
estimates
of
the
creel
survey,
but
we
do
have
other
information
that
you
can
reach
out
to
us
if
you're
interested
and-
and
we
certainly
try
to
expand
and
or
collect
other
information,
if
we
don't
have
crew
clerks
every
port,
that's
just
a
reality
of
the
extent
of
the
number
of
anglers
and
the
amount
of
work
and
and
the
resources
we
have
to
do
cruel
surveys.
F
So
good
to
see
those
questions
keep
coming
in
and
certainly
look
for
any
other
feedback
or
if,
if
any
of
the
other
presenters,
if
you
had
questions
about
their
presentations
and
want
to
raise
those
at
this
time,
you
know
we.
We
appreciate
all
the
feedback,
and
you
know
I
would
say
we
didn't
really
talk
about
it.
Brandon,
but
you
know
again
I'll
put
another
plug.
I
just
saw
a
a
michigan
tourism
magazine,
come
out
and
say
that
lake
huron
is
the
up
and
coming
fishery.
F
If
you're
gonna
fish
anywhere
in
the
great
lakes
fish
lake
huron
next
year,
and
it
was
funny
they
had
a
complicated
survey.
They
also
said
unless
you
want
to
ride
roller
coasters
and
they
suggested
going
to
another
lake.
So
I
don't
know
how
that
fit
in,
but
I
I
do
want
to
say
I
think
we're
looking
for
some
great
opportunities
coming
this
year,
the
uptick
in
the
steelhead
fishery
was
promising
last
year.
F
I
know
this
spring
has
been
absolutely
hard
to
understand
and
it's
thrown
a
lot
of
the
anglers
off,
but
I
also
have
been
hearing
good
reports
at
sites
that
normally
wouldn't
have
runs,
but
you
know
we're
hopefully,
hopefully,
hopefully
going
to
see
some
increased
fishing
opportunities
across
the
lake
as
we
move
into
2021..
A
A
Randy
is
the
the
basin
coordinator
for
lake
huron
and
just
really
appreciate
all
the
dnr's
contributions
to
this
session,
as
well
as
all
of
our
presenters
we've
on
lake
here,
I've
been
really
lucky
to
have
a
great
core
of
research
and
management
partners
that
are
willing
to
have
this
conversation
each
spring
with
any
and
all
who
are
interested
in
in
talking
lake
huron
fish.
So
thank
you
to
our
presenters
and
I
need
to
thank
as
we
kind
of
round
out
our
evening
here.
I
need
to
thank
all
of
you
as
attendees.
A
You
know
obviously
we'd
love
to
do
these
workshops
in
person
out
in
our
coastal
communities,
where
we
can
have
a
more
person-to-person
conversation,
but
in
the
world
we're
in
this
is
the
best
we
can
do
and
I'm
glad
we
all
were
willing
to
get
together
to
to
have
this
conversation,
even
if
virtually
and
for
those
of
you
attending
as
participants.
A
We
don't
have
this
workshop
if,
if
you
don't
show
up
and
and
be
a
part
of
the
conversation,
so
appreciate
you
all
being
a
part
of
the
conversation,
I
will
make
a
couple
of
a
quick
comments.
In
closing,
we
will
put
an
evaluation
link,
in
fact,
I
think,
it'll
pop
up
when
you,
when
you
log
off
so
we'd
love
your
feedback,
we're
always
looking
to
find
ways
to
make
these
workshops
better,
including
looking
for
topics
that
you
might
want
to
hear
about
in
future
workshops.
A
So
if
you
have
ideas,
thinking
like
about
the
lamprey
update,
question
right,
fish
and
wildlife
service
would
surely
be
happy
to
share
an
update
on
sea
lamprey
management
in
lake
huron
in
future
years.
So
share
your
feedback.
We'd
appreciate
that
and
then
a
reminder
in
a
promotional
pitch
for
the
next
couple
of
weeks.
Two
more
thursdays
of
lake
here
on
fish
next
week,
we'll
turn
our
focus
to
the
near
shore,
fisheries,
we're
gonna,
and
this
is
randy's
great
idea.
A
We're
gonna
we're
gonna
talk
all
these
great
fisheries
of
the
saint
mary's
river
and
the
latino
islands
area,
and
this
awesome
saginaw
bay,
perch
and
walleye
fishery,
all
in
one
session,
and
cover
some
some
some
relevant
topics
like
cisco
restoration
and
cormorant
management
that
tied
to
some
of
those
new,
more
nearshore
fisheries.
So.
F
If
I
could
just
jump
in
not
to
interrupt
but
just
another
teaser
for
next
week,
so
we
will
be
discussing-
or
at
least
updating,
on
the
giving
update
on
the
new
permit
system
for
managing
the
conflict
with
cormorants
and
fisheries
and
also
we're
going
to
have
jared
joining
us,
the
new
wildlife
chief
for
mdnr.
So
you
know
we're
looking
for
a
good
discussion
on
that
and
hopefully
going
to
share
some
in-depth
information
about
the
new
permit
system.
F
A
Yeah
yeah,
thanks
for
adding
that
randy
and
then
the
following
thursday.
After
that
may
6th
the
dnr
conversation,
coffee
will
be
happening
and
michigan
sea
grant
is
super
excited
to
collaborate
with
you
all
in
making
that
available
to
anybody
that
wants
to
join.
So
with
that
a
lot
of
appreciation
for
everybody
attending
and
contributing
and
we'll
do
it
again
next
thursday.
So
I
will
say
normally
say
safe
travels
but
we'll
just
say
have
a
good
evening
and
we'll
hope
to
catch
you
in
the
next
session
or
two.