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Description
Special Called Meeting of County Council July 28, 2023, 10:30 AM
Agendas can be found at https://beaufortcountysc.gov/council/council-committee-meetings/index.html
A
A
A
A
A
A
H
Thank
you,
hi
I'm,
Jody,
Hayward
I'm,
the
executive
director
of
the
Port
Royal
sound
foundation,
and
we
are
standing
in
our
Maritime
Center.
This
is
a
museum
that
we
have
available
here
for
the
community
and
our
visitors.
The
Port
Royal
sound
Foundation
opened
the
Maritime
Center
back
in
2014
as
a
place
for
people
to
come
and
learn
more
about
the
Port
Royal
sound,
which
covers
over
50
percent
of
our
area.
The
Port
Royal
sound
just
infiltrates
our
community.
You
see
it
out
you're
out
in
your
backyard,
you'll
see
it
over
when
you
cross
over
Bridges.
H
You
see
it
as
you
travel
all
over
and
this
Maritime
Center
is
here
to
connect
everyone
to
the
waters
that
surround
Beaufort.
County
The
Maritime
Center
is
here
to
connect
our
residents
and
our
visitors
to
Beaufort
County
to
this
beautiful
body
of
water
that
we
have
here
that
you
know
really
saturates,
our
landscape
and
we
look
at
educating
people
about
the
Port
Royal
sound
through
the
ecology
you
see
in
this
room.
H
We've
got
so
many
animals
that
we
are
educating
people
about
that
live
in
the
Port,
Royal
sound,
but
also
we
look
at
the
history
and
the
culture
as
well
as
the
art,
that's
influenced
by
the
port,
Willow
sound
and
all
of
the
fun
Recreation
that
the
Port
Royal
sound,
provides
to
us
all.
So
we
created
this
wonderful,
beautiful
map
of
the
Port
Royal
sound,
to
show
people
how
close
we
are
by
water,
but
yet
how
long
it
takes
to
get
to
each
other
by
you
know,
driving.
I
H
This
map
really
shows
how
the
Port
Royal
sound,
saturates,
our
landscape,
and
it
shows
the
different
systems.
The
different
rivers
that
make
up
the
Port
Royal
sound,
and
it's
just
a
beautiful
way
to
demonstrate
how
close
we
are
by
water,
but
yet
it
takes
so
long
to
to
go
from
Saint
Helena
Island
around
to
Hilton
Head
by
car.
But
it's
just
a
it's.
A
great.
H
So
the
Maritime
Center
has
so
many
great
exhibits
and
we
talk
about
the
sharks
of
the
Port
Royal
sound
or
the
dolphin
that
live
here
or
the
horseshoe
crabs
and
loggerhead
sea
turtles.
So
it's
a
place
where
people
can
really
come
and
connect,
and
it's
people
of
all
ages.
Kids,
love
coming
here:
adults,
grandparents,
love
to
bring
their
grandchildren
here.
Lots
of
coats
bring
visitors
to
the
area
here.
So
it's
a
great
place
to
connect
in
one
of
the
our
favorite.
Customers
are
the
school
kids.
I
H
H
And
a
successful
field
trip
is
one
where
the
kids
are
actually
get
a
little
puff
mud
on
them
before
they
go
back
to
school.
So
we,
you
know
we
get
them
out
on
our
docks.
They
do
activities
with
microscopes
they're,
doing
art
activities.
So
it's
just
really
important
to
start
young
and
learning
about
your
environment,
and
we
love
that
we
have
this
resource
here
for
the
community.
H
H
H
The
waves
of
History
we're
really
trying
to
do
a
timeline
that
was
really
focused
or
that
was
really
driven
by
the
Port
Royal
sound.
So
it's
a
we
try
to
tell
part
of
the
story,
but
we
don't
want
to
tell
all
the
story,
because
we
want
people
to
go
out
into
the
community
and
explore
more
about
all
of
these
different
components
and
these
people
that
are
here
in
the
history
timeline.
So
it's
a
great
place
to
start
your
journey.
It's
almost
like
a
a
Welcome
Center.
H
H
So
another
favorites
face
especially
with
the
kids,
is
our
tank
room
and
in
this
room
we
have
so
many
wonderful
animals
that
live
in
and
around
the
Port
Royal
South.
We
have
several
reptiles,
including
alligators
and
snakes
and
our
Terrapins,
but
then
also
we
have
several
tanks
that
have
crabs
and
fish
that
are
found
in
the
Port
Royal
sound,
and
this
is
such
a
great
tool.
H
This
room
is
covered
in
exhibits,
but
also
the
live
animals
which
helps
our
naturalists
and
our
volunteers
to
really
educate
our
visitors,
especially
their
school
kids,
about
the
animals
that
live
here.
So
it's
just
a
great
opportunity
to
get
up
close
and
personal,
but
not
too
up
close
and
personal
with
the
animals
that
live
here
and
then
the
room
also
houses
these
Great
Windows
to
be
able
to
look
at
it
the
sound
and
see
the
salt
marsh
and
be
able
to
connect
with
the
surroundings
here.
Hi.
J
My
name
is
Chris
Quire
I'm,
the
natural
Sun
operations
coordinator
for
the
poor,
Royal
salad,
Foundation
I've,
been
with
the
foundation
for
about
eight
years
and
as
a
naturalist
and
working
for
the
foundation.
I've
done
quite
a
bit.
I
participate
in
research
programs
in
partnership
with
University
of
South
Carolina
in
Beaufort,
Audubon,
South
Carolina,
as
well
as
participate
in
education
programs.
We
see
school
kids
from
kindergarten
to
college
and
even
adult
programs
we've
done
programs
for
most
of
the
schools
in
the
county,
as
well
as
schools
from
Columbia,
even
Hampton
and
Colleton
County.
J
We
also
run
programs
for
University
of
South,
Carolina,
Beaufort
and
Ali
programs,
so
offshore
lifelong
learning.
So
we
do
quite
a
bit
in
the
county
as
far
as
research
and
education
goes,
I
also
for
the
foundation,
help
care
for
the
animals
in
the
foundation
and
help
out
with
just
various
activities.
J
J
And
now,
if
you
go
in,
it's
bustling
on
most
days
or
getting
upwards
of
75
to
100
people
on
average
and
seeing
the
walls
filled
with
new
exhibits
and
we're
constantly
working
on
those
new
exhibits
through
opportunities
from
Grants
from
the
county
and
from
other
local
entities
like
Community
foundations
in
the
Low
Country,
we
recently
have
just
opened
up
our
brand
new
Pavilion,
that's
going
to
help
us
grow
our
education
programs
and
our
Outreach
into
the
community.
So
we're
really
excited
about
that.
J
Our
capacity
has
been
limited
by
space
and
now
we've
kind
of
opened
that
up
that's
space
availability,
so
our
capacity
is
definitely
going
to
grow
with
that
outside
of
just
normal
field
trips.
We
also
Run
summer
camps
that
are
usually
that
are
probably
filled
up
by
now
and
and
right.
Now
we
have
a
lot
of
projects
in
the
shoe
from
new
exhibits
in
the
works
to
research
being
conducted
alongside
University
of
South,
Carolina
and
Beaufort.
J
They
are
about
to
install
long-term
monitoring
devices,
to
look
at
water
quality
right
here
off
of
our
docks,
as
well
as
I
work
with
the
Clemson
Center
for
Watershed
excellence
and
DHEC,
and
their
adopt
a
stream
program
and
I
train
citizens
in
the
county
to
look
at
water
quality,
and
they
do
that
through
personal
monitoring
off
of
either
public
locations
or
at
their
own
private
docks
yeah.
So
if
you
even
come
out
to
the
center
on
any
day
of
the
week,
there
must
guarantee
you
to
see
dolphin
jumping
around
in
the
water
splashing
popping
up.
J
H
So
the
Port
Royal
sound
Foundation
was
you
know.
Our
goals
have
really
been
to
educate
the
community
about
the
Port
Royal
sale,
but
also
to
other
areas
that
we
focus
on
are
research,
research
and
conservation,
so
the
Port
Royal
Town,
Foundation,
The,
Maritime
Center,
has
been
here
almost
nine
years
and
really
in
those
first
few
years,
we're
really
focused
on
the
education
piece,
kids
room
here,
having
different
classes
and
experiences
for
people
of
all
ages.
H
Within
a
couple
of
years
ago,
we
started
focusing
more
on
the
research
and,
with
the
help
of
many
of
our
partners
here
in
the
community
being
able
to
make
an
impact
on
the
Port
Royal
sound
from
a
research
point
of
view.
We
work
with
Folks
at
South,
Carolina
DNR
uscd,
to
really
look
at
what
kind
of
research
done
in
the
Port
Royal
sound.
What
do
we?
What's
the?
What
are
the
priorities?
H
What
do
we
need
to
do
in
order
to
improve
what
we
know
about
the
Port
Royal
sound,
and
so
that
has
really
been
an
area
of
focus
for
us
in
the
past
couple
of
years
and
as
we
move
forward,
we
want
to
move
more
into
that
area.
We've
got
several
different
sort
of
research
projects
going
on
here
on
our
campus.
H
So
moving
forward,
we're
going
to
continue
to
work
hard
on
the
education
piece
and
to
improve
and
do
everything
that
we
can.
As
far
as
research
goes,
we
hosted.
We
have
hosted
a
couple
of
research
symposiums
at
the
beginning
of
last
year
and
this
year
to
really
bring
the
expert
to
the
table
to
discover
what
do
we
know
about
the
Port
Royal
sound?
What
do
we
need
to
know
as
we
move
forward
which
helps
us
to
prioritize
our
efforts.
H
We've
also
put
out
a
couple
of
rfps
to
be
able
to
generate
proposals
from
different
researchers
that
we
in
turn
then
fund,
so
that
more
research
is
being
done
on
the
Port
Royal
sound,
because
it's
imperative
that
we
learn
more
about
the
health
and
the
water
quality
and
the
species
that
live
in
the
rural
sound
because
you
know
the
Port
Royal
sound
really
drives
our
local
economy.
Here
it
supports
our
our
property
values.
It's
import
supports
our
incredible
tourism
that
we
have
here
and
it
supports
our
way
of
life.
H
H
Our
goals
moving
forward
are
to
keep
connecting
with
people
get
them
through
the
Maritime
Center
expose
them
to
a
different
program,
expose
them
to
the
Port
Royal
sound
help
them
to
understand
how
how
beautiful
and
how
important
it
is
and
really
to
learn
as
much
about
it
as
we
possibly
can
so
that
we're
preserving
it
for
years
to
come.
We
wouldn't
be
here
without
our
partners.
Beaufort
County
has
been
an
incredible
partner
for
us.
South
Carolina
DNR
has
been
a
great
partner
uscb.
H
It's
just
so
amazing
to
be
able
to
work
with
these
local
Partners,
to
have
an
impact
on
our
community
and
to
provide
a
resource
for
our
residents
and
for
our
visitors
to
learn
about
how
special
our
place
is.
The
Maritime
Center
is
free
to
visit.
We
have
ongoing
programs
for
people
to
enjoy
school.
Kids
come
to
us.
We
go
to
them.
H
We
even
have
school
kids
coming
to
us
from
all
over
the
region,
because
it
is
such
an
incredible
place
to
visit,
and
so
we
love
being
able
to
provide
these
opportunities
to
connect
with
the
Port
Royal
sound,
and
we
want
to
continue
doing
that
and,
thank
goodness,
we
have
these
great
supporters,
people
who
believe
in
what
we're
doing
and
an
amazing
group
of
volunteers.
We
would
not
have
the
Maritime
Center
without
our
volunteers.
They
help
us
as
docents
in
our
Museum.
They
help
us
with
school
field
trips.
H
So
it's
just
a
it's
a
great
family
atmosphere
and
we
love
it
when
these
families
come
in
and
the
kids
come
in
to
the
Maritime
Center
and
they
see
the
big
animals
and
they
see
the
fish
tanks
and
the
alligators
and
they
do
our
scavenger
hunts
or
they
go
out
on
the
The
Kayaks.
It's
just
it's
a
great
way
to
to
connect
with
our
local
environment.
K
Fort
Fremont
closes
out
a
350-year
legacy
of
coastal
fortifications
in
Port
Royal
sound
beginning
in
the
mid
16th
century.
It
also
represents
the
closing
chapter
of
America's
coastal
defense
system
before
the
dawn
of
air
power.
Fort
Fremont
is
an
example
of
the
most
advanced
military
technology
of
its
time.
It
would
parallel
the
B-17
and
aircraft
carrier
of
World
War
II.
The
F-35
of
today
Fort
Fremont
was
an
important
part
of
the
Beaufort
culture
very
similar
to
Paris
Island
and
the
Marine
Corps
Air
Base.
Today.
L
They
called
the
navigational
Point
La
Punta
de
Santa
Eleni,
the
point
of
Saint
Helena,
and
what
the
Spanish
explorers
discovered
is
that
Port
Royal
sound
is
a
unique
piece
of
geography.
It's
the
deepest
natural
Harbor
south
of
the
Chesapeake
Bay,
possibly
south,
of
New
York,
the
channel
into
Port
Royal
sound.
This
I
find
a
remarkable
geological
fact.
L
It
became
the
first
capital
of
Florida
and
they
explored
the
back
country
from
this
location
for
more
than
a
century,
with
the
object
of
building
a
highway
from
This
Magnificent
Harbor
to
Mexico
City.
So
the
sound
was
known
to
the
Spaniards.
It
was
known
to
the
French,
who
actually
got
here
first
and
followed
and
created
the
first
Protestant
colony
in
the
New
World
on
Paris
Island
over
my
shoulder
and
that
colony
was
a
failure.
The
Spaniards
replaced
them.
L
It
was
part
of
Spanish
Florida
when
the
English
arrived
150
years
later,
and
this
was
became
as
a
consequence,
a
Battleground
in
the
18th
century,
between
Spanish
interests
in
Florida
and
Saint
Augustine
and
the
English
colony
in
Carolina
and
in
Charleston
and
back
and
forth.
These
wars
went
many
of
them,
Naval
Wars,
many
of
them,
employing
as
all
the
sailors
Knew
by
then
the
magic
of
Port
Royal
sound
when
the
Civil
War
came,
Confederates
defended
the
harbor,
but
it
was
basically
indefensible
against
large
Naval
forces.
L
in
a
four-hour
Cannon
Aid,
which
would
have
been
deafening
from
where
we're
sitting
Was
Heard
for
miles
from
Savannah.
Nearly
to
Charleston
it
was
called
The
Day
of
the
big
gun
shoot
during
the
Civil
War.
This
Harbor
that
we're
looking
at
was
filled
with
ships.
It
would
be
hundreds
of
ships
in
this
Harbor
there
was
a
thousand
foot
dock
with
a
railroad
on
top
off
of
Hilton
Head.
L
L
So
this
was
a
major
U.S
government
installation
in
the
heart
of
the
South.
It
was
the
headquarters
of
the
U.S
army
Department
of
the
South.
But
more
importantly,
it
was
the
headquarters
of
the
United
States
Navy
South
Atlantic,
blockading
Squadron,
so
the
biggest
ships
in
the
Navy
were
here,
and
so
it
became
and
and
that's
really
where
the
story
of
Fort
Fremont
starts
with
that
huge
Civil,
War
military
operations
and
installations
on
Hilton
Head
on
Saint
Helena
Island,
on
Paris
Island
and
in
beautiful.
C
After
the
Civil
War
we're
going
to
see
a
massive
change
in
technology,
that's
going
to
revolutionize
the
military.
During
the
Civil
War,
we
had
Ironclad
ships,
we
had
rifled
cannons,
but
they
were
all
made
out
of
iron
and
they
were
not
terribly
effective,
but
it's
technology
is
going
to
change
after
the
Civil
War.
We're
going
to
see
steel
produced
and
steel
is
much
harder.
So
now
we
have
a
new
material,
though,
to
make
armor
out
of
for
ships.
C
So
we
can
have
these
armored
ships
made
with
steel
at
a
much
more
resistance,
a
shot
because
I
have
steel.
I
can
make
stronger
barrels
for
my
guns.
I
can
rifle
and
machine
these
much
better
and
the
rifling
is
the
spirals
that
are
cut
in
the
barrel.
That
allows
it
to
shoot
further
with
more
accuracy,
and
we
can
also
now
have
breech
loading
guns
that
can
lock
from
behind.
So
I
can
load
my
gun
from
behind
I.
Don't
have
to
go.
Have
the
old
black
powder
muzzle
loading
Cannon
head
before
now?
C
A
military
historian,
ER
Lewis
would
say
that
the
change
between
the
Civil,
War
and
1890
in
artillery
technology
was
the
greatest
that
would
be
seen
since
invention
of
artillery
in
the
14th
century
to
the
introduction
of
the
nuclear
projectile
in
the
1950s.
So
there's
been
a
huge
change
in
gun
technology.
At
the
same
time,
it's
not
just
the
steel
but
also
the
powder
that
fires.
These
guns
is
different.
We
have
new
chemical
makeup
and
so
like
cordite
is
invented
now
and
it's
still
a
widely
used
military
explosive.
C
Even
today,
smokeless
power
Biz
invented
during
this
period
of
time,
and
it's
not
just
chemical
composition,
but
it's
the
details
of
how
you
make
the
grain
how
fast
they
burn.
So
much
like
the
skill
of
firing.
A
solid
rocket,
solid
fuel
rocket,
it's
that
same
kind
of
Technology,
that's
been
developed
in
these
gunpowder
and
this
new
powder.
So
our
weapons
of
this
day
are
much
much
greater.
C
C
They
are
now
equipped
with
these
fine
long-range
guns
and
they
now
become
the
dominant
threat
of
the
late
19th
early
20th
century.
This
is
the
threat.
The
French
and
English
would
bombard
cities
like
Cairo
and
reduce
them
to
Rubble
because
they
were
unable
to
defend
them.
So
this
is
how
the
world
was
seeing
the
threat
from
this
new
technology.
Big
battleships,
are
the
threat
of
the
era
and
new
guns
and
fortifications
on
the
ground
or
what
you
have
to
have
to
defend
against
them.
L
One
of
the
most
important
at
first
things
that
happened
after
the
Civil
War
is
they
built
a
railroad
to
Port
Royal
sound
which
didn't
exist.
It
was
the
first
connection
of
the
Sea
Island
for
the
mainland.
The
advantage
that
railroad
is
it
brought
coal
to
Port,
Royal
South.
So
when
the
coal
was
delivered,
the
Navy
followed.
C
In
1872,
Robert
Smalls
was
in
the
South
Carolina
legislature
and
he
pushed
through
a
resolution
to
the
Secretary
of
War,
calling
for
them
to
put
a
Navy
station
on
Paris
Island
and
eventually
he
would
go
into
Congress
where
he
would
continue
his
support
for
a
Navy
station.
Here
in
the
Beaufort
Royal
area.
They
eventually
opened
a
Navy
station
here
and
a
cooling
station.
L
They
created
in
the
1890s
on
Paris
Island,
the
largest
Dry
Dock
in
the
United
States.
This
is
the
period
when
the
U.S
Navy
was
switching
from
sail
to
steam.
All
the
Navies
of
the
world
need
the
coaling
station.
This
was
the
principal
coaling
station
because
of
the
railroad
for
the
Caribbean
and
South
American
U.S
fleets.
This
would.
C
Be
the
biggest
Dry
Dock
south
of
Norfolk.
In
fact,
it
is
the
only
Dry
Dock
south
of
Norfolk
Virginia,
that's
capable
of
taking
these
new
modern
battleships
of
these
new
modern
armored
Cruisers.
So
this
becomes
at
this
point
a
strategic
Navy
Basin
that
it
provides
coal
and
it
provides
top-line
support
to
the
ships
and
they
can
repair
the
hulls
of
even
the
biggest
ships
in
the
U.S
Navy.
C
Following
Civil
War
National
strategy
and
emphasis
in
the
United
States
shifted
from
to
recovery
from
war,
and
all
of
our
Coastal
fortifications
went
into
neglect.
The
military
was
busy
taming,
the
west
and
Coastal
defenses
became
something
that
was
no
longer
important
in
the
rest
of
the
world.
Technology
is
moving
forward
and
they're
developing
these
battleships
they're
developing
new
high
quality
artillery,
and
this
is
going
on
worldwide
and
in
1885
president
Grover
Cleveland
appointed
Endicott
board.
C
This
was
headed
by
secretary
War,
Endicott,
William
Endicott,
and
the
board
would
meet
initial
report
in
1886
and
they
said
the
conditions
of
our
Coastal
defenses
were
just
unbearable.
It
cannot
be
allowed
to
stay
like
that
and
they
made
recommendations
for
fortification
and
improvements.
They
identified
29
places
that
needed
fortifications
and
11
of
which
were
critical
in
that
list
of
29,
Savannah
and
Charleston
on
the
list.
But
Beaufort
is
not
on
the
list.
L
So
the
USS
Maine
was
here
on
patrol
and
in
the
harbor
and
while
they
were
in
the
harbor
several
times,
they
entertained
the
local
population.
So
the
merchants
and
the
social
leaders
and
the
political
leaders
of
Beaufort
were
invited
to
come,
have
lunch
with
the
captain
of
the
ship.
Captain
sigsby
and
the
officers
got
to
know
the
people.
The
people
got
to
know
the
officers.
The
crew,
which
was
large,
would
go
ashore
on
payday
and
make
friends
with
everybody
in
town.
C
At
that
point,
somebody
in
the
war
department
realized
that
we
had
this
big
Dry
Dock,
the
only
Dry
Dock
in
the
South
that
could
take
on
and
repair
these
big
Capital
ships
that
were
in
our
Navy
we're
going
to
start
operations
against
a
power
in
the
Caribbean,
and
this
fort
was
totally
undefended
and
that's
what
put
Fort
Fremont
on
the
map
we
had
to
have
a
fort
here
to
defend
the
coaling
station,
and
especially
this
big
Dry
Dock,
as
well
as
this
fine
Harbor.
That's
here.
L
And,
of
course,
that
event,
which
killed
300
or
more
Sailors
on
the
ship
was
very
much
followed
by
the
local
news
media
and
very
much
lamented
by
the
many
friends
that
the
crew
had
made
here.
The
destruction
of
the
USS
Maine
was
a
personal
matter
to
Beaufort
and
to
Port
Royal
South
and
of
course
it
was
the
Spanish-American
War
and
the
attempt
to
defend
this
Harbor
again,
which
led
to
the
creation
of
Fort
Fremont.
The
United
States
declared
war
on
Spain
in
in
April
1898
and.
C
By
early
may,
we
had
temporary
batteries
in
place
here,
submarine
mines
were
in
place
and
in
the
summer
they
would
actually
place
the
mines
across
the
Beaufort
river.
Behind
me,
the
temporary
batteries
were
a
temporary
expedient.
They
were
located
to
my
left
about
a
thousand
yards.
They've
immediately
began
construction
of
what
would
become
Fort
Fremont,
the
large
batteries
with
the
house
of
large
guns
battery
four
Nance,
the
rapid
fire
guns.
The
smaller
battery
was
completed
by
June
of
1898.
L
C
M
Well,
Fort
Fremont
was
named
for
a
Major
General
John
Fremont.
He
was
actually
a
local
boy,
so
to
speak.
He
was
born
and
grew
up
in
Savannah
Georgia,
just
south
of
us,
and
went
to
college
in
the
College
of
Charleston
up
just
north
of
us
in
Charleston.
He
served
in
the
army
and
primarily
initially
as
a
Explorer
as
army.
Forts
were
generally
named
for
army
officers
and
he
was
connected
locally.
N
The
fort
was
constructed
on
a
site
directly
across
the
river
from
the
Paris
Island
Naval
Station,
and
the
site
selected
was
170
Acres,
which
included
the
two
artillery
batteries
for
it,
for
eight
Fremont,
of
course,
had
battery
furnace
and
Battery
Jessup,
but
then
adjacent
to
the
battery
site
was
an
administrative
quadrangle,
a
very
typical
military
type,
administrative
Square.
We.
M
Are
sitting
in
the
number
three
gun
position
of
a
three
gun
battery
Jessup,
which
had
three
10-inch
disappearing
carriage,
large
caliber
guns
reach
loading
guns.
Their
purpose
was
to
engage
the
more
ships
that
might
be
entering
the
harbor
and
Port
Royal
sound
we're
here
now
at
the
second
battery
that
was
part
of
Fort
Fremont.
This
is
battery
for
Nance
was
named
for
Army
officer
that
was
actually
killed
during
the
Spanish-American
War.
During
the
Battle
of
San
Juan
Hill
battery
Finance
mounted
two
British
made
4.72
inch,
Armstrong
quickfire
guns.
M
They
were
called
quick
fire
because
they
loaded
were
loaded
with
a
complete
cartridge
and
it
in
time
of
action.
They
could
fire
four
to
six
rounds
per
minute.
The
purpose
of
battery
Finance
was
to
defend
the
Minefield,
which
was
the
other
component
of
the
Endicott
Coast
artillery
or
or
Coast
defense
system,
a
Minefield
with
controlled
mines
controlled,
meaning
that
they
were
connected
electrically
to
Shore
and
could
be
fired
on
command
from
Shore.
M
That
control
station
would
have
been
probably
shared
with
the
plotting
room
and
in
order
to
protect
the
Minefield.
Obviously,
an
enemy
would
want
to
interfere
with
that
might
send
vessels
small
ships
in
here
at
night
to
try
to
interfere,
and
this
battery
would
take
those
vessels
Under
Fire.
If
there
was
some,
there
was
suspected
that
they
were
doing
something
to
interfere
with
the
mines,
such
as
pulling
up
the
cables
and
cutting
those
the.
C
O
The
life
for
the
soldiers
at
Fort
Fremont
was
disciplined
and
regimented.
They
even
had
meal
times
were
specified
lengths
of
time
15
minutes
for
lunch.
15
minutes
at
breakfast,
20
minutes
at
supper.
They
had
to
practice
their
skills.
They
were
training
and
doing
maintenance
constantly.
If
you
can
imagine
with
these
big
guns,
they
had
to
have
skills
in
and
practice
the
skills
in
artillery
mind
laying
signaling,
which
involved,
in
our
case
at
Fort,
Fremont
the
use
of
the
fire
control
tower,
which
was
pretty
sophisticated
and
advanced
signaling
technique.
O
Then
they
also
had
to
practice
the
typical
military
skills
marching
and
drilling
Small
Arms,
fire,
first
aid
and
so
forth.
In
addition
to
that,
they
also
had
participated
in
athletics.
They
had
physical
training
PT
and
they
also
had
sports
teams.
So
this
was
to
keep
them
physically
fit
so
that
they
could
continue
their
their
duties
because
they
were,
it
was
pretty
rigorous
at
Fort,
Fremont.
C
L
In
1901,
the
mayor
of
Charleston
and
the
United
States
Senator
Pitchfork
Ben
Tillman
from
South
Carolina,
wanted
this
to
move
from
Beaufort
County
to
Charleston
County,
because
there
are
more
votes
in
Charleston
County
and
the
mayor
wanted.
The
U.S
Corps
of
Engineers
in
the
Navy
to
dredge
the
harbor
in
Charleston,
because
battleships
in
those
days
required
26
feet
of
water,
Charleston's
natural
Harbors,
15
feet
of
water.
Port
Royal
is
30..
You
know
what,
in
order
for
Charleston
to
sustain
its
Port,
it's
commercial
Port.
It
had
to
dredge
the
harbor.
L
L
C
The
fort
did
its
job
build
a
deterrent
for
anybody
that
wished
to
attack
these.
It
provided
protection,
in
fact,
the
whole
endicotta
system,
although
never
challenged
in
this
era.
Here
in
the
United
States,
provided
some
300
major
guns,
Coastal
guns
to
protect
major
areas
and
left
the
United
States
at
the
beginning
of
the
20th
century,
with
his
well-defended
Coastline
as
any
place
in
in
the
world,
but
I
I.
L
Would
just
like
to
say
that
it's
a
magnificent
artifact
of
an
era
and
it's
an
era
that
has
been
neglected.
The
turn
of
the
20th
century,
the
naval
station
across
the
river
here,
and
so
it's
a
it's
a
piece
of
History
that's
disappearing
and
the
friends
of
Fort,
Fremont
and
Beaufort
County
have
preserved
it
for
the
use
of
the
public
and
as
a
memorial
to
that
moment
in
history,
Fort.
K
Fremont
closes
at
350
year
story
of
Homeland
Security
addressing
European
imperialism
in
the
19th
century.
It's
a
tale
of
how
geography,
technology
and
National
Security
creates
a
transition
for
America
to
become
a
global
power.
It's
also
a
wonderful
snapshot
of
America.
In
the
beginning
of
the
20th
century,
the
friends
of
Fort,
Fremont
and
Beaufort
County
have
a
valued
partnership,
working
in
tandem
to
preserve
the
fort's
integrity
and
promote
the
historical,
natural
and
cultural
aspects
of
the
Court
most
important,
we're
always
looking
for
creative
ways
to
enhance
visitor
experience.
I
P
Q
H
E
S
P
Water
east
of
the
Continental
Divide
drains
to
the
Atlantic,
while
water
west
of
the
Divide
flows
to
the
Pacific
and
one
drop
of
rain,
can
cross
many
different
watersheds
along
the
way
as
runoff
flows
into
rivers,
streams
and
storm
drains.
The
water
picks
up
trash,
dirts
bacteria,
toxic
chemicals
and
fertilizers,
creating
a
super
pollutants
that
is
extremely
hazardous
to
the
environment
and
the
consequences
of
polluted
runoff
exist
worldwide.
P
P
U
Many
cases
people
mistakenly
identify
large
discharge
pipes
in
the
water
as
the
problem,
but
that
may
not
be
the
problem
it
may
be
coming
from
agricultural
runoff.
It
may
be
coming
from
storm
water
runoff
over
parking,
lots
and
impervious
surfaces.
Every
Watershed
is
different
and
you
need
to
look
at
each
Watershed
in
its
own
terms
and
then
think
systematically
about
how
you
remediate
how
you
clean
up
that
watershed.
P
S
V
Pollutants
in
the
water
affect
Surfers
because
we're
actually
the
indicator
species
with
all
the
pollutants
when
we
were
in
the
waters,
we're
ingesting
it
through
our
skin
in
our
mouth.
Even
if
people
don't
take
Olive
water
and
still
getting
into
our
systems
our
ears
any
orifice
on
your
body
and
it
causes
infections,
it
can
cause
colds
sore
throats
at
the
very
least
I.
S
P
Tastes
funky
for
sure.
Every
day,
the
City
and
County
of
Los
Angeles
perform
a
battery
of
tests
to
keep
the
public
informed
about
water
quality
in
the
Santa
Monica
Bay
Cesar
arzadon
Begins
the
monitoring
process
each
morning
by
taking
a
series
of
Coastline
water
samples,
then
it's
back
to
the
lab
for
analysis.
X
Most
of
the
bacteria
that
you're
going
to
see
me,
it
comes
from
thesis
and
when
you
put
under
the
UV
light
you're
going
to
see
a
different
kind
of
color,
it's
a
fluorescent
sign
that
there
is
a
bacteria
and
then
it's
called
E
coli.
That
one
definitely
is
a
feces
from
animals
or
it
could
be
humans.
Also,
the.
P
S
V
P
P
After
the
flood
of
27,
massive
levies
were
put
in
place
and
while
they
helped
protect
the
Lower
Mississippi
River
Basin
from
flooding,
the
levees
and
other
human
activities
would
ultimately
harm
the
Watershed
in
unforeseen
ways.
The
gulf
state
of
Louisiana
is
the
Terminus
of
the
Mississippi
River,
the
mighty
Watershed
that
drains
41
percent
of
the
area
of
the
lower
48
states
into
the
Gulf
of
Mexico.
G
Z
Z
P
So
what
exactly
is
causing
this
dead
zone
in
the
Gulf
hypoxia
develops
when
an
area
of
water
receives
excess
pollutants,
primarily
an
overabundance
of
nutrients
which
produce
large
algae
blooms
that
die
off
and
lead
to
low
oxygen,
and
since
the
Mississippi
gets
fed
by
tributaries
that
flow
through
31
states.
That
adds
up
to
a
staggering
volume
of
contaminated
runoff.
U
G
AB
R
It's
just
rotten.
This
is
just
a
fact
of
of
life.
The
way
we
treat
our
water
systems
because
we
use
them
as
our
garbage
dumps.
We
use
them
to
dilute
our
pollutants
and
things
like
that
and
it
flows.
Downstream
I
believe.
The
statistic
is
that
if
you're
in
New
Orleans
the
water
that
is
going
by,
you
has
passed
through
human
gut,
something
like
three
or
four
times
before
it
gets
to
you.
R
P
AA
P
Eliminating
the
hypoxic
Zone
will
take
more
than
saving
our
Wetlands.
Reducing
nutrient
runoff
in
the
Mississippi
River
Watershed
is
the
heart
of
the
problem.
It
it's
an
issue
involving
over
half
the
states
in
the
nation
and
a
vast
array
of
Industries,
particularly
farming,
which
uses
nitrogen-rich
fertilizer
to
grow.
AA
G
P
P
In
January
of
1996,
one
of
the
most
devastating
winter
storms
in
history,
slams,
the
East
Coast
two
feet
of
snow
dumps
on
New
York
and
throughout
the
Northeast
Corridor
schools,
airports
and
roads
are
shut
down
by
the
time
it's
over.
The
blizzard
and
resultant
flooding
caused
three
billion
dollars
in
losses
and
187
lives
are
taken
and
in
the
Catskill
Mountains
of
Upstate
New
York,
the
snowmelt
triggers
another
potentially
devastating
crisis.
W
AD
AF
What
we're
looking
at
here
is
a
main
tributary
of
the
esophage
creek
during
flooding.
We
were
seeing
a
lot
of
sediment
coming
out
of
the
stream.
The
clay
gets
into
the
water
column
and
it
becomes
very
turbid,
and
then
it
makes
it
very
difficult
to
treat
and
clean
that
water
so
from
a
water
quality
perspective.
We're
very
concerned
about
erosion,
the.
W
We
have
a
very
exciting
program
with
the
Watershed
agricultural
Council,
where
we
are
working
with
local
farmers.
We
look
at
how
they're
handling
the
animals
so
that
the
runoff
associated
with
manure
fertilizer
and
that
that
farm
activity
isn't
getting
into
the
the
streams
around
our
reservoirs.
This.
D
Water
here
is
basically
the
water
you're
going
to
be
drinking
down
in
the
city
and
I
feel
I've
got
a
responsibility
to
try
my
best
to
keep
it
clean
for
when
it
gets
down
there.
It
used
to
be
when
it
rained
here
on
the
farm.
The
water
that
ran
away
from
the
the
back
of
the
barn
here
was
full
of
mud,
manure,
and
it
would
just
run
Brown
and
right
into
the
Stream
two
years
ago.
We
would
spread
every
day,
we'd
have
to
take
it
out,
spread
it
on
the
fields.
D
P
F
AC
P
V
U
Paved
concrete
surfaces
asphalt,
parking,
lots
sidewalks.
The
question
is:
do
we
need
to
have
as
many
as
we
do,
because,
to
the
extent
that
you
have
too
much
improving
the
surface,
the
water
is
not
retained
on
site.
It
doesn't
soak
into
the
ground,
it
runs
off,
picks
up,
speed
carries
pollutants
and
contaminants
into
the
water
body.
One.
P
Strategy
for
preventing
storm
water
runoff
is
occurring
at
the
new
Ford
Rouge
Center
in
Dearborn
Michigan.
This
remodeled
truck
plant
is
covered
by
a
green
roof.
The
size
of
eight
football
fields
planted
with
a
porous
ground
cover.
It
reduces
the
amount
of
polluted
runoff
released
into
the
Watershed.
AG
U
T
You
change
your
used
motor
oil,
you
don't
dump
it
into
the
street
everybody's
got
to
clean
up
after
their
pets.
Obviously,
that's
a
big
concern.
Fertilizers,
herbicides
pesticides
make
sure
you
don't
use
them
anytime,
there's
any
chance
of
rain
coming
up
in
the
near
future
when
you're
irrigating,
your
lawn
in
your
garden,
make
sure
that
you're
not
over
spraying
and
causing
all
those
chemicals
to
end
up
getting
into
the
storm
drain
system.
The
only
way
we're
going
to
solve
the
problem
is,
if
everybody
does
their
part,
we.
P
P
AH
Immediately
following
the
Civil
War
and
following
reconstruction
and
I
was
shocked.
It's
almost
like
a
horror
movie
when
you
think
that
the
vampires
did
and
all
of
a
sudden
they
come
up
out
of
the
casket,
and
he
said,
damn
I
thought
I'd
put
a
stake
in
your
heart.
I
thought
that
the
worst
and
most
pernicious
heinous
aspects
of
anti-black
white
supremacy
were
long
gone
and
that
I
was
naive
about
that
and
we've
seen
him
rise
in
hate
speech,
anti-Semitism
anti-gay
attitudes
and
people
when
people
become
frightened,
particularly
about
their
economic
future,
they
look
for.
A
The
executive
session
we
will
have
items
as
a
result
of
our
executive
session
as
a
result
of
the
information
we
received
today
and
the
information
we
received
on
Monday
and
based
on
discussions
and
deliberations
of
this
information.
I'm
going
to
ask
for
the
following
motions
motion:
number
one
is
a
motion
to
terminate
Eric
Greenway
with
cause
and
to
remove
him
from
Office
of
Beaufort
County
Administrator
effective
immediately
may
I
have
such
a
motion.
Please
Mr
McClellan
you're
on
mute,
please!
No!
So
so!
Move
Mr.
A
N
B
I
A
Number
two
is
a
motion
to
appoint
the
acting
County
Administrator
John
Robinson,
to
the
position
of
interim
County
Administrator.
While
we
conduct
a
search
for
the
next
County
Administrator
may
I.
Have
such
a
motion
I'll
make
that
motion.
Miss
tabernac
makes
the
motion
I'll.
Second,
the
motion,
Mr
chairman
Ms
Howard
seconds,
duly
motioned
and
seconded-
is
there
any
discussion
seeing
none
will
the
clerk?
Please
call
the
roll.
K
K
I
A
U
B
AG
I
A
Finally,
today
we
have
taken
additional
action
with
regard
to
Mr
greenway's
status,
with
the
Beaufort
County
Government.
We
have
voted
to
terminate
him
for
a
Cause.
This
still
is
a
Personnel
matter
and
we
are
advised
by
our
legal
counsel
that
we
cannot
talk
about
it.
Yet
we
will
talk
about
it
when
we
are
told
we
can.
A
In
the
meantime,
we
can
assure
the
public
that
the
investigations
that
were
described
in
the
prior
special
meeting
and
which
we
discussed
at
length
during
yesterday's
meeting
of
the
finance
Administration
and
economic
development
committee
will
continue
exactly
as
discussed
and
planned.
The
findings
of
these
investigations
will
be
presented
to
council
and
the
public
at
a
future
date
there
being
no
further
action.
This
meeting
is
adjourned.