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From YouTube: BearWise - Learn about black bears in our community
Description
Please enjoy this BearWise talk with black bear biologist, Ashley Hobbs.
This is a recording of a live streamed program presented by Buncombe County Libraries.
A
Hi
everyone,
how
are
you
my
name
is
Ashley
Hobbs
and
today
I'm
going
to
be
talking
with
you
guys
about
their
wives
and
how
to
be
bear
eyes
in
your
communities.
I
want
to
give
you
guys
just
a
minute
more
for
everyone
to
log
in
and
let's
expect
some
technology
issues.
Let's
just
be
real
about
that.
But
if
you
have
any
questions
along
the
way,
I
really
encourage
you
to
type
them
into
this
chat,
especially
if
they're
clarification
type
questions
for
something
that
I've
said.
A
But
if
you
do
have
some
more
specific
questions
to
your
specific
scenario,
let's
save
those
for
the
end
and
we
can
spend
plenty
of
time
wading
through
all
of
those
questions.
But
again,
if
you
need
any
clarification,
please
go
ahead
and
put
that
in
the
chat
box,
I'm
happy
to
see
all
of
you
guys
most
of
the
time
people
don't
share
their
their
video.
So
I
can't
see
your
lovely
faces
so
I'm
happy
to
see
all
of
your
smiling
faces
today
and
we'll
give
it
a
minute
more
before
we
get
started.
A
All
right,
so,
let's
dive
into
this
here,
hopefully
everybody
can
see
my
screen.
Alright,
if
you
can't,
let
me
know
in
the
comments
and
I'll
get
it
sorted.
Hopefully,
everybody's
audio
is
also
working,
and
you
can
hear
me
loud
and
clear,
but
if
anything
goes
wrong,
just
let
me
know
in
the
comments,
but
let's
get
started
today.
I
just
want
to
introduce
myself.
My
name
is
Ashley
Hobbs
I'm,
the
assistant
black
bear
in
fur.
A
A
But
let's
get
started
today
with
bear
Weis,
so
today,
I
want
to
cover
becoming
bear
wise.
So,
starting
off
with
the
biology
in
the
behavior
of
black
bears,
it's
really
going
to
help
us
kind
of
determine,
what's
normal
behavior
for
a
black
bear,
and
why
are
they
doing
that
in
my
backyard,
then
we'll
move
on
to
coexisting
with
black
bears
in
our
neighborhoods
and
communities
and
we'll
wrap
it
up
with
a
little
bit
of
research?
That's
going
on,
let's
start
off
with
biology
and
behavior.
A
So
let's
start
off
with
wait,
it's
kind
of
one
of
the
things
that
we
noticed
right
away.
If
you
see
down
there
in
the
bottom
corner,
we
did
just
have
an
article
about
some
of
our
quote.
Unquote.
Morbidly
obese
bears
here
in
North
Carolina,
so
the
fellow
you
see
there
in
that
picture,
he
came
out
of
Terrell
County
out
on
the
coast.
A
They
have
one
of
the
highest
densities
of
black
bears
in
the
world
coming
out
of
Terrell
County
Hyde
County
Washington
County,
some
of
those
coastal
counties
over
there,
but
in
NC,
as
a
state
males,
can
get
anywhere
from
two
hundred
to
eight
hundred
plus
pounds.
The
e
world
record
black
bear
actually
came
from
North
Carolina
a
couple
decades
ago.
He
was
harvested
by
a
hunter
at
eight
hundred
and
eighty
pounds,
so
that
was
the
world
record.
Let
me
see
if
I
can
meet
that
really
quick
for
you
guys.
A
All
right,
so
the
world-record
black
bear
was
880
plus
pounds
on
average.
The
coastal
bears
tend
to
be
a
lot
larger
than
the
mountain
bears.
Raise
your
hand
if
that
surprises
you
anybody
yeah.
Okay,
usually
we
get
a
couple
people
who
are
surprised
by
that,
but
our
population
here
in
the
state
is
divided
into
two
parts,
essentially
out
in
the
mountains
and
out
on
the
coast
and
our
coastal
bears
you
can
see.
On
average
the
males
are
around
330
pounds
and
the
females
are
around
200
pounds.
A
So
that's
just
the
average
bear,
but
our
mountain
bears
here
certainly
are
not
small
by
any
stretch
of
the
imagination,
so
the
mountain
bears
Mountain
male
bears
are
about
220
pounds
on
average
and
the
females
are
not
too
far
behind
at
about
165
on
average.
But
again
lots
of
big
bears
around
here
in
North
Carolina,
some
of
the
biggest
bears
in
the
world
are
coming
out
of
North
Carolina
we're
talking
grizzly
sized
black
bears,
so
let's
talk
about
what
they
eat.
A
Naturally,
so
what
are
they
supposed
to
be
eating
so
essentially
they're
gonna
be
eating
mostly
plants,
but
they
are
omnivores
so
about
80%
of
their
diet
comes
from
plants
and
the
other
20%
or
so
comes
from
things
like
insects
and
animals.
Things
like
detritus
and
rose
kills
and
things
like
that.
In
addition
to
insects
like
grubs,
any
sort
of
termites
Hornets
nests,
wasps
nests,
you
name,
it
they'll,
eat
it,
but
essentially
here
in
the
springtime
when
they
come
out
of
torpor
or
a
false
hibernation.
A
So
to
speak,
they're
going
to
be
really
feasting
on
those
early
leaf
out
roots
and
shoots
anything
they
can
get
their
hands
on
at
that
point
because
they
will
wake
up
pretty
hungry
and
then
once
we
get
into
the
spring
and
into
the
summer
late
spring
into
the
summer,
we'll
see
those
what
we
call
soft
mass
food
sources
come
out.
So
that's
going
to
be
things
like
blueberries
and
blackberries.
It's
gonna
be
anything
from
chokecherry
service
berries,
some
of
your
willows
and
dog
woods
also
fruit
as
well,
and
they'll,
happily
feast
on
those.
A
So
if
you
have
one
of
those
species
that
produces
a
fruit,
particularly
in
the
spring
into
the
summer,
you
probably
see
some
bear
activity
around
that
that
part
of
your
landscaping
in
the
fall
they're
really
going
to
switch
over
to
what
we
call
hard
math
that
things
like
acorns
and
hickory
nuts
and
chestnuts
any
of
those
nut
type
species,
but
particularly
they
love
those
white
acorns.
So
that's
gonna
be
their
favorite
and
really
what
they're,
targeting
also
in
the
fall.
A
You
see
the
crops
come
in
to
come
in
to
their
prime,
and
this
is
one
of
the
reasons
why
our
coastal
bears
are
so
fat
and
so
healthy
because
they
are
feasting
on
these
corn
fields.
Soybean
fields,
you
name
it,
which
is
pretty
prevalent
out
on
the
coast
compared
to
here
in
the
mountains,
a
lot
more
agriculture
out
of
the
coast.
A
Certainly
they'll
go
after
small
livestock
things
like
goats
and
chickens,
whatever
the
opportunity
allows,
but
primarily
they're
gonna,
be
going
after
easy
things
like
fawns
that
maybe
aren't
running
it
running
yet
or
roadkill
as
well.
Insects
they'll
eat
year-round
whenever
they
can
find
them,
you
might
see
them
again.
Take
up
a
hornet's
nest
in
your
yard.
Things
like
that,
so
they
can
be
helpful
in
that
respect.
A
So
what
will
bears
eat
if
available?
Well,
pretty
much
anything
and
everything
so
they'll
eat
your
trash.
Your
leftover
pizza,
your
diapers
hummingbird
feeder,
a
bird
feeder,
you
name,
it
they'll,
try
it
and
the
reason
is
because
they
need
so
many
calories.
So
during
the
spring
and
summertime
they're
gonna
need
about
three
to
five
thousand
calories
to
be
able
to
meet
their
daily
caloric
intake
levels
comparatively
in
the
fall
they're
going
to
be
going
through
hyperphagia.
So
during
that
time
it's
gonna
be
a
little
bit
different
for
them.
A
They're
gonna,
metabolize
foods
a
bit
differently
to
store
fat,
so
they're
going
to
be
consumed
about
20,000
calories
per
day
in
the
fall
getting
ready
for
that
winter
time,
when
the
foods
are
least
available
to
them.
So
for
reference,
one
of
those
bird
feeders
you
can
get
at
I,
don't
know
Walmart
Ace
Hardware
wherever
holds
about
5
to
7
pounds
of
birdseed
and
that
right
there
in
itself
is
20,000
calories
for
a
bear.
A
So
a
bear
can
come
into
your
backyard
any
time
of
year
right
because
pretty
much
if
you're
feeding
birds,
you
feed
in
the
media
round,
and
they
can
get
an
entire
days
worth
of
calories
in
the
fall
and
then
almost
an
entire
week's
worth
of
calories
in
the
spring
and
summer.
So
that's
something
to
kind
of
remember
when
we're
talking
about
some
of
these
things
a
bit
farther
down
the
road.
A
Another
thing
to
mention
is
the
hummingbird
feeders
sound
like
kool-aid
for
a
bear
right
kind
of
nice,
refreshing
sip
in
the
summertime,
but
those
also
have
2,000
calories
for
the
average
sized
hummingbird
feeders.
So
that's
also
something
to
consider
when
you
have
these
things
hanging
around
in
your
backyard.
So
let's
talk
about
their
senses
a
little
bit
here,
first
and
foremost,
let's
talk
about
their
eyesight,
so
it's
pretty
comparable
to
a
human,
not
exactly
as
good
as
our
eyesight.
A
It
tends
to
be
pretty
good
eyesight
up
close,
but
when
you
get
to
distance
vision,
that's
where
they
tend
to
suffer,
they
can
also
see
in
color.
They
do
have
some
trouble
with
the
red
and
orange
into
the
spectrum,
but
generally
they
can
see
in
color
and
they
can
see
just
about
as
well
as
we
can
probably
as
well
as
I
can
I
know,
I
need
contacts
and
all
that
good
stuff.
So
probably
the
same
as
me,
but
because
of
this
you
may
see
a
behavior,
often
with
bears
where
they
stand
on
their
hind
legs.
A
So,
if
you've
seen
this,
a
lot
of
people
interpret
this
as
an
aggressive
behavior
or
a
defensive
behavior,
and
that's
certainly
not
the
case.
So
what
is
actually
happening
in
there
as
they're
engaging
all
of
their
senses,
to
be
able
to
figure
out
what
the
heck
is
going
on
off
in
the
distance.
So
a
lot
of
times,
I'll
compare
this
to
people.
If
you
were
out
on
your
front
yard
gardening
and,
let's
say
you're
down
pulling
weeds
and
you
think
oh
shoot,
maybe
that's
a
bear
over
there
in
that
corner.
A
A
This
is
probably
the
top
of
their
senses
when
it
comes
to
what
they
are
equipped
with,
and
it's
probably
the
one
that
they
use
the
most
to
interpret
the
world
around
them.
So
if
you
see
with
the
guy
in
the
picture
here,
they
have
a
pretty
long
muzzle,
pretty
long,
nasal
cavities
there
and
inside
those
nasal
cavities.
They
have
a
lot
of
channels
and
I'm
gonna
show
you
guys
here,
let's
see
so
you
see
all
of
those
little
channels
inside
of
their
nose.
A
So
those
are
actually
to
increase
the
surface
area
inside
of
their
nose
so
that
they
can
essentially
have
more
a
stick
to
their
their
nasal
passages.
So
they
can
interpret
more
of
those
scent
particles
so
because
of
this
they
can
actually
smell
your
gosh.
Your
garbage
can
your
grill,
whatever
it
is
from
over
a
mile
away.
Actually,
some
estimates
put
that
more
towards
10
miles
away.
There
are
even
some
estimates
that
put
that
at
over
25
miles
away.
A
So
if
you
have
ever
been
to
the
NC
W
NC
Nature
Center,
they
have
a
great
little
display
on
the
bear
bridge
and
it
shows
the
Asheville
map
and
then
it
shows
where
the
Bears
are
and
a
circle
drawn
with
how
far
away
they
can
smell
things
from
there
bears
that
are
there
at
the
Nature
Center.
That's
a
pretty
cool
graphic
to
look
at
if
you're
ever
back
over.
There
take
a
look
at
that
one
I
always
like
to
check
it
out
and
see
if
they
can
smell.
A
A
They
also
have
a
very
strong
homing
instinct.
So
what
this
means
is
that
if
I
were
to
pick
up
a
bear
and
put
them
several
states
away,
they
would
come
right
back
to
where
we
picked
them
up
right
back
to
their
quote-unquote
home.
So
what
that
means
is
in
terms
of
us
and
our
bear
management
is
that
we
do
not
relocate
bears
for
this
reason
in
North
Carolina.
So
this
is
a
management
decision
that
we've
chosen,
because
when
you
pick
these
bears
up
first
of
all,
we
have
nowhere
to
put
them.
A
We
don't
really
have
any
places
that
there
aren't
already
bears
and
there
aren't
already
people.
So
essentially,
we
would
just
have
to
pick
up
a
bear.
That's
just
exhibiting
some
escalated
behaviors
and
put
them
in
someone
else's
backyard,
whether
that's
another
bear
or
whether
that's
another
human,
so
we
don't
have
anywhere
to
put
them,
but
even
if
we
did,
these
bears
come
straight
back
to
where
they
were
picked
up
in
the
first
place.
So
for
that
reason
they
come
in
to
lots
of
roadways
they
get
hit
by
cars.
A
So
let's
talk
a
bit
about
their
habitat,
they
truly
are
habitat
generalist.
It
used
to
be
perceived
that
Bears
needed
these
big
swaths
of
woodlands
to
be
able
to
be
successful,
but
really
they're
more
like
white-tailed
deer
and
that
they
have
you
bill
to
adapt
alongside
of
us
alongside
of
our
homes
and
our
human
spaces.
So
they
have
very
large
home
ranges
and
those
home
ranges
need
to
incorporate
things
like
a
food
source.
A
Sheltered
you
mean
travel
corridors,
meaning
they
need
to
be
able
to
travel
from
their
food,
to
you,
know
their
shelter
space
or
from
one
food
source
to
another
food
source
without
being
impeded
by
things
like
roads,
or
you
know,
backyards
or
development
things
of
that
nature.
They
also
need
access
to
be
able
to
go
on
dates
right,
so
we
can
have
more
bears
in
our
population
so
because
they
need
all
these
things
incorporated
within
their
home
range.
A
It
can
be
anywhere
from
ten
to
250
kilometers
squared,
so
the
male's
will
have
much
larger
home
ranges
than
females.
Part
of
that
is
because
of
their
breeding
behavior.
They
need
to
be
asked
to
access
as
many
females
as
possible.
Part
of
that
as
well,
is
a
place
into.
It
is
whether
they're,
a
quote-unquote
urban
bear
or
a
more
phone
quote.
Rural
bear
so
bears
in
urban
areas,
tend
to
have
more
concentrated
resources.
A
Now
whether
those
resources
are
something
like
a
bird
feeder
or
it's
something
like
a
you
know,
an
oak
tree
that
depends,
but
because
those
resources
are
so
concentrated,
they
don't
need
to
have
such
a
large
home
range,
because
everything
they
had
need
is
right
there
in
one
spot.
So
this
is
something
that
we
tend
to
see
in
Asheville
and
something
that
the
urban
suburban
bear
study
is
addressing,
but
we
find
that
home
ranges
tend
to
be
more
towards
that
ten,
particularly
for
females
in
these
urban
and
suburban
areas,
but
you'll
see
Bears
utilize.
A
Of
course,
we
see,
bears
and
backyards.
As
you
can
see
in
a
picture
here,
we
also
have
bears
in
some
of
our
green
spaces
and
our
parks
and
places
like
that
where
we
have
a
lot
of
people,
but
the
Bears
are
more
than
happy
to
live
alongside
us
in
those
areas
and
then
you
have
places
like
downtown
where
there's
a
bear
on
a
walkway.
So
if
you
have
been
watching
the
news,
we've
had
a
couple
bears
downtown
recently
as
well.
A
So
let's
talk
a
little
bit
about
the
breeding
and
Denning
behavior.
We're
gonna
be
seeing
a
lot
of
breeding
coming
up
pretty
soon.
We
actually
got
sent
a
video
the
other
day
of
some
breeding
behavior
going
on
they're.
Definitely
starting
to
the
females
are
starting
to
come
into
estrus
and
that
behavior
is
starting
up.
We
really
see
that
breeding
behavior
peak
in
July,
usually
those
first
two
weeks
of
July
and
you'll,
see
a
lot
of
males
moving
around
during
this
time.
They're
trying
to
again
meet
up
for
dates
to
make
baby
bears
right.
A
The
Cubs
leave
the
mother,
usually
during
the
second
summer,
so
that
she
can
come
back
into
estrus
and
breed
again
and
she
will
then
give
birth
in
January
to
early
February
so
mating
in
the
summer,
and
then
the
the
embryo
will
implant
into
the
womb,
usually
in
the
fall
around
November
October
and
she
will
give
birth
in
her
dance
and
her
den
scuse
me
January
into
early
February.
So
when
they
are
in
the
stunning
behavior,
it's
a
little
bit
different
down
here
in
the
southeast.
A
Of
course,
mothers
who
will
be
giving
birth
in
their
dens
will
have.
It
will
have
excuse
me.
I
lost
my
train
of
thought.
So
in
the
southeast
we
have
such
temperate
climate
that
they
don't
need
dens
to
necessarily
take
shelter
all
winter.
We
don't
have
severe
winters
here,
however,
the
mothers
with
Cubs
will
stay
in
their
dens
for
a
longer
period
of
time.
So
we
tend
to
see
the
older
males,
maybe
females
with
older
Cubs
or
females
without
Cubs.
Maybe
some
of
the
younger
bears,
who
aren't
quite
a
breeding
age
yet
as
well.
A
They'll
come
out
a
little
bit
earlier,
usually
in
early
March
and
then
the
females
with
Cubs
they
just
had
in
the
den
that
year
will
usually
exit
the
den
starting
around
April.
They
usually
make
a
couple
small
trips
to
kind
of
test
the
abilities
of
the
the
new
Cubs
see
if
they
can
follow
Mom
once
and
follow
Mom
they'll
leave
the
den
and
be
out
and
about,
but
during
the
time
when
they're
in
their
den,
it's
called
torpor.
A
So
again,
this
is
a
false
hibernation
and
during
that
time
their
body
temperature
is
going
to
drop
pretty
significantly.
It's
usually
around
ninety
nine
to
a
hundred
degrees
and
their
heart
rate
will
decrease
to
about
four
to
twelve
beats
per
minute.
So
that's
a
significant
decrease
and
we
aren't
really
sure
while
this
happens
or
are
the
mechanisms
behind
it,
but
certainly
we
want
to
research
more.
So
we
have
a
lot
of
research
going
on
in
order
to
maybe
bridge
the
gap
and
use
some
of
that
information
for
some
medical
treatment
and
humans
as
well.
A
So
if
we
have
kind
of,
if
we
can
take
a
step
back
a
little
bit
here,
I
always
get
this
question.
So
it's
a
little
bit
random,
but
since
I
get
it
every
single
time,
I
figure
I'll
toss
it
in
here.
But
what
do
you
do
if
you
encounter
a
bear?
So
I
have
a
couple
of
different
scenarios
here.
The
first
one
is
in
the
woods.
So
if
you
are
say
out
hiking
on
a
trail,
you
come
around
the
corner
and
you
see
the
bear.
A
The
best
thing
to
do
is
to
back
away
slowly
just
stay
quiet
back
away
in
the
opposite
direction.
Make
sure
that
you
keep
an
eye
on
the
bear,
so
you
know
which
direction
the
bear
is
going
into
and
you're
not
going
to
just
bump
into
them
later
on
in
the
trail
as
you're
backing
away.
If
you
come
around-
and
you
know
you
come
around
the
curve
of
the
trail
and
you're
right
on
top
of
that
bear
that
could
be
a
scenario
where
you
need
to
act:
big
and
crazy.
A
Something
of
that
nature
did
you
take
this
seriously
because
we
do
have
bears
and
homes
in
the
Asheville
Buncombe
County
area.
Quite
often
same
goes
for
a
lot
of
the
rental
areas
out
in
Western
in
North
Carolina
as
well,
people
will
leave
a
window
open
leave
a
door
open
or
if
you
have
a
lever
style
handle
and
you
leave
that
door
unlocked
the
bear
can
come
through
using
that
door
handle
come
through
the
door
as
well.
A
So
the
best
thing
to
do
is
to
give
the
bear
a
clear
escape
route,
and
this
is
really,
in
any
scenario,
never
corner
the
bear.
They
are
very
shy
creatures,
especially
compared
to
their
grizzly,
bear
cousins.
So
if
they
can
get
away
from
you
in
any
way,
they
will
try
so
give
them
an
escape
route.
Make
sure
if
you
walk
in,
you
see
a
bear
in
your
kitchen,
you
back
out
the
same
way
that
you
came
in
and
you
leave
the
door
open
or
the
window
of
it
or,
however,
that
bear
got
in.
A
They
can
exit
as
well
again,
don't
lock
a
bear
in
a
room.
Sometimes
people
are
tempted
to
do
that,
and
that
would
not
be
a
great
idea.
Fortunately,
for
your
wallet,
you
might
have
to
do
some
remodeling
afterwards
and
it
would
be
traumatic
for
the
bear
traumatic
for
you.
We'd
have
to
call
somebody
to
come
out,
unlock
the
door,
get
the
bear
out,
it's
better
to
just
back
out.
If
you're
in
your
home,
you
can
back
out
and
get
into
your
car
and
wait
for
the
bear
to
leave
that
way.
A
If
you're
in
your
backyard,
say
you
look
out
the
window,
you
see
a
bear
in
your
backyard.
The
great
thing
to
do
is
harassment
is
kind
of
the
general
term
here.
So
really
that
means
making
loud
noises,
I'm
shouting
banging
pots.
You
can
spray
the
bear
with
a
garden
hose.
If
you
have
a
bear,
that's
particularly
resistant
to
a
lot
of
these
loud
noises.
You
can
use
something
like
a
paintball
gun
which
will
pop
them
in
the
rear,
and
it
won't
feel
good,
but
it
won't
hurt
them
either.
A
It'll
send
them
on
their
way
and
give
them
clear
message
that
there
are
boundaries
here.
They
cannot
come
up
onto
the
porch
they
can't
get
into
whatever
you
got
in
your
backyard
that
brought
them
there
in
the
first
place.
The
follow-up
to
this
is
that
when
you
finally
get
the
bear
out
of
the
year
and
you've
put
them
quote
grasp
them,
you
need
to
make
sure
you
figure
out
why
they
were
there
in
the
first
place
and
remove
that
attractant.
A
So,
whether
that's
a
garbage
or
your
birdseed,
maybe
you
have
some
cat
food
outside
make
sure
you
bring
that
in
same
thing
with
your
neighbors
as
well.
Let
them
know
hey,
there's
a
bear
around
I
scared
them
off,
but
we
need
to
bring
in
all
these
attractants
and
particularly
if
you
have
a
dog
as
well,
don't
get
in
the
habit
of
just
letting
the
dog
out
in
the
backyard,
even
if
you
have
a
fence,
and
particularly
at
night,
make
sure
that
you're
scanning
around
checking
the
area
for
bears,
make
some
loud
noises
before
you.
A
Let
the
dog
out
even
better
always
have
your
dog
on
a
leash,
particularly
at
night
or
first
thing
in
the
morning
when
it's
a
not
the
best
visually
for
us
as
humans,
so
that
we
don't
surprise,
bears
and
bears
don't
and
bears.
Don't
you
know
get
surprised
by
us,
so
another
question
I
get
is
fight
or
play
dead.
The
answer
is
to
fight,
and
this
is
kind
of
a
silly
video.
A
So
that's
a
pretty
goofy
video,
but
in
a
course
that's
a
grizzly
bear
a
fake
grizzly
bear
as
well,
but
when
it
comes
to
black
bears,
if
you
are
in
a
situation
where
you
feel
like
you
need
to
defend
yourself,
absolutely
do
fight
dirty,
do
whatever
you
can
to
get
away
from
that
bear
again.
They
are
very
shy
creatures.
So,
if
you
put
up
a
fight,
then
they're
more
likely
to
run
off
in
the
opposite
direction.
A
A
All
right,
so
he
saw
her
him
exactly
how
we
want
to
see,
and
ideally
she
got
rid
of
that-
that
bird
feeder
on
her
back
porch
as
well
after
the
bear
left
the
area,
but
she
got
big
and
crazy.
She
didn't
approach
the
bear
she
came
around.
The
corner
saw
the
bear
froze
and
got
big
and
crazy.
So
that's
the
way
to
go
on
that
now.
A
Alright,
so
that
bear
clearly
did
not
have
an
escape
route,
so
it
felt
like
it
had
to
climb
and
truly
even
when
it
climbed
it
didn't
have
askew
throughout
that
way
as
well.
There
are
people
up
there.
You
can
see.
Clearly
that
is
right
in
the
final
fine
arts
district,
so
we
do
get
bears
in
these
particularly
urban
areas
and
here
in
Buncombe
County.
A
So
this
is
a
very
extreme
video
here,
and
this
is
unfortunately
a
very
common
sight
that
we
see
around
Buncombe
County,
particularly
no
offense
guys,
but
in
town
mountain
Creek,
Beaver
Dam,
some
parts
of
wood
fin
you
guys
are
on
my
for
this
sort
of
behavior.
We
see
this
resource
garden
where
these
bears
haven't,
had
boundaries
set
for
them
around
human
areas.
A
They,
you
know,
sometimes
have
five
different
names
from
five
different
households,
because
they're
just
so
loved
and
people
leave
food
out
for
them
or
people,
let
them
access
their
bird
feeder
or
their
pet
food,
and
eventually
it
ends
up
here
where
somebody
left
a
garage
door
open.
While
they
were
doing
some
yard
work,
the
bear
then
entered
the
vehicle
and
then
flipped
over.
This
can
which
looks
like
it
has.
Maybe
some
green
or
something
in
it,
and
this
bear
no
longer
has
a
fear
of
humans.
This
is
what
we
call
habituation.
A
A
habituated
bear
so
he's
used
to
humans.
He
knows
that
humans
aren't
gonna,
cause
him
any
harm,
he
doesn't
have
any
boundaries
when
it
comes
to
humans,
and
so
he
now
is
defending
his
resource
from
the
humans.
So
watch
carefully,
you'll
see
him
pop
his
jaws
you'll,
see
him
huff
and
you'll
see
him
do
a
bluff
charge,
and
these
are
all
not
necessarily
aggressive
behaviors,
but
in
this
case
they
are
defensive.
Behaviors
and
all
of
them
generally
mean
you
need
to
back
up
you're.
In
my
space,
get
away.
A
Okay,
so
with
this
scenario
you
know
this
bear
has
learned
that
some
clapping
doesn't
mean
anything.
Nothing
Bad's
gonna
happen
because
somebody's
clapping
at
it.
So
this
is
a
reason
why,
if
you
are
using
harrassment
to
get
a
bear
out
of
your
backyard
from
around
your
home
or
community,
switch
it
up
some
so
use
an
airhorn,
sometimes
maybe
use
a
bell.
Another
time
use
a
hose.
Another
time
keep
them
guessing,
so
keep
them
nervous.
A
So
let's
kind
of
shift
a
little
bit
here
now
that
we
know
a
little
bit
about
the
biology
of
black
bears
and
their
behaviors
we're
gonna
talk
about
coexisting
and
trying
to
piece
this
puzzle
together.
So
in
the
southeast
we
have
about
70,000
black
bears.
So
if
you
notice
in
North
Carolina,
we
have
the
largest
population
in
the
southeast.
Really
we
have
one
of
the
largest
in
the
country
as
well.
So
you
see
again,
we
have
a
coastal
population
and
a
mountain
population,
not
a
lot
of
bears
in
the
Piedmont.
A
We
really
don't
have
any
bear
population
established
and
breeding
in
the
Piedmont
so
to
kind
of
different
populations
there
and
about
20,000
bears
so
with
our
population
in
the
southeastern
US
you're,
seeing
our
human
population
grow
as
well,
so
for
reference
in
North
Carolina
and
about
the
70s
or
so
we
realized.
Well,
our
hunters,
king
or
bear
hunters
came
forward
and
said:
hey
we're
losing
our
bears,
so
we
had
about
300
black
bears
in
the
state.
At
that
point,
so
we've
implemented
a
lot
of
hunting
regulations.
A
We
put
a
stop
to
some
of
the
excessive
logging
that
was
going
on
and
we
try
to
just
address
some
issues
we
were
having
with
chestnut
blight
as
well,
and
so
with
all
these
measures,
some
research
thrown
in
there
many
regulations
and
evolving
over
time.
In
addition
to
a
sanctuary
system
that
protects
certain
areas
where
females
with
cub
particularly
utilized
those
areas
for
their
resources.
We
protect
those
areas
and
we
have
seen
a
full
recovery.
A
So
we
went
from
300
bears
to
about
20,000
bears
in
the
span
of
a
few
decades,
so
that
is
really
a
great
accomplishment
for
us,
but
as
our
bear
population
is
growing,
so
is
our
human
population
and
that's
kind
of
across
the
board
in
the
southeast.
So
you
see
here,
the
number
of
interactions
between
humans
and
bears
that
are
reported
is
up
in
the
vast
majority
of
these
states,
and
in
fact
this
study
was
done
in
2015,
so
I
imagine
there
might
be
a
few
more
red
states
nowadays.
A
So
this
map
is
a
little
bit
crazy,
but
we
can
break
it
down
here
and
it
really
gives
us
some
great
information.
So
if
you
look
at
the
hashed
areas,
those
are
our
two
populations
and
their
ranges,
and
you
can
see
the
river
systems
there
as
well.
You'll
see
the
little
bright
pinkish
purple
patches
and
the
kind
of
denim
colored
patches.
Those
are
our
sanctuaries
that
we
have
both
sanctuaries,
that
we
implemented
in
places
that
have
certain
restrictions
with
their
local
laws
that
just
kind
of
make
it
a
de
facto
sanctuary
system
for
these
bears.
A
So
Asheville
is
a
great
example
of
that
we'd
have
no
hunting
allowed
inside
Asheville
City
Limits,
so
Asheville
in
itself
is
a
sanctuary
for
bears,
but
in
the
coastal
plain
we
have
about,
11,000
bears
to
13,000
bears
and
in
the
mountains
we
have
6
to
8,000
bears
so
does
it
surprise
anybody
that
we
have
almost
twice
the
number
of
bears
on
the
coast
as
we
do
in
the
mountains?
Anybody
raise
your
hand.
A
It
surprises
a
lot
of
people,
and
it's
not
that
we
don't
have
a
lot
of
bears
here
in
the
mountains
by
any
stretch
of
the
imagination.
But
it's
just
that
we
have
more
on
the
coasts
and
a
lot
of
that
again
is
that
temperate
climate,
that's
out
there
a
lot
of
swamp
and
marshlands
out
there,
which
bears
love
it's
great
habitat
for
bears,
in
addition
to
a
lot
less
people
on
the
coast
and
a
lot
more
agriculture
on
the
coast.
So
it
can
support
a
lot
more
bears
again.
Highest
densities
of
bears.
A
A
That's
where
we
expect
to
see
the
highest
densities
of
human
development
that
teal
color
is
going
to
be
lower
development,
so,
as
you
can
see,
especially
on
the
Piedmont,
we're
going
to
be
experiencing
a
higher
level
of
development,
mountains
are
kind
of
in
second
place,
so
to
speak
and
the
coasts
not
a
ton
of
development,
but
you
still
see
some
red
marks
in
there,
where
they're
going
to
be
building
up
in
the
human
populations
over
time.
So
it's
something
to
think
about.
A
So
I
want
to
flash
this
up
here
really
quickly.
You
can
see
that
NC
Wildlife,
Resources
Commission
divides
the
state
up
into
nine
districts.
You
see,
Buncombe
County
is
over
here
in
district
9,
some
of
you
tuning
in
maybe
in
district
8
as
well,
if
you're
from
the
mountains
but
I
wanted
everybody
to
kind
of
pick
their
district
here
from
their
County.
So
they
know
exactly
where
to
look
out
for
the
next
slide.
I
got
a
question
about
hibernating
on
the
coast.
Yes,
they
also
hibernate
on
the
coast,
but
it
is
still
default.
A
So
a
little
bit
back
to
observations
and
complaints.
So
this
these
are
calls
that
we
get
that
stand
from
hey,
there's
a
bear
in
my
backyard,
there's
a
bear
in
my
house
and
everything
in
between.
So
if
you
look
district
nine,
where
Buncombe
County
is
located
routinely
gets
somewhere
between
32,
almost
70%
of
the
calls
for
the
entire
state
of
North
Carolina.
A
So
we
have
nine
districts,
district,
nine,
pretty
much
rules
it
when
it
comes
to
black,
bear
observations
and
complaints,
I
put
2018
and
2019
up
here,
because
in
2018
we
did
have
what
is
considered
a
mass
failure.
So
not
a
lot
of
acorns
that
year
and
it's
not
that
they
didn't
have
enough
to.
You
know
successfully,
make
it
through
the
year,
it's
more
so
that
they're
about
again
those
easy
calories,
so
they
came
into
humans,
faces
more
often
to
access
our
food
resources
that
we
are
providing.
We
had
a
lot
more
complaints
that
year.
A
For
that
reason,
so
breaking
it
down
a
little
bit
more.
Let's
look
at
Buncombe
County
versus
the
rest
of
North.
Carolina
I
see
some
faces
here
and
yep.
This
is
where
I
live
in
Buncombe
County.
This
is
why
I
focus
a
lot
of
I
bear
wise
outreach
here
in
Buncombe
County
as
well,
and
why
we're
doing
this
presentation
today,
so
you
can
see
in
the
blue
bats
Buncombe
County
again
in
2018
we
had
amassed
failure.
A
So
with
all
this
in
mind
and
with
these
trends
tending
to
happen
in
other
states
as
well,
the
southeastern
states
got
together
and
decided
that
we
need
a
regional
program
and
we
wanted
something
that
would
be
consistent.
So
you
see
a
lot
of
the
state
logos
here
with
the
same
bear
paw.
So
we
want
you
to
recognize
that
bear
paw
as
bear
wise.
A
We
want
you
to
be
able
to
get
the
same
message
on
how
to
present
Persis
me
prevent
and
resolve
these
conflicts,
no
matter
which
state
you're
in
so
that
when
you're
at
the
beach
at
your
beach
house,
you
know
to
keep
your
garbage
secure,
you're
gonna,
follow
the
bear
wise
Basics
in
Florida,
in
San,
mature
mountain
house
in
North
Carolina,
so
bear
eyes
is
a
reach
program.
It
shares
weeds
to
prevent
conflicts
from
happening
in
the
first
place.
A
I
always
tell
people
that
the
ability
to
be
proactive
when
it
comes
to
bear
activity
in
your
community
is
the
best
position
to
be
in,
and
we
also
want
to
provide
people
who
are
already
experiencing
those
conflicts.
Ways
to
resolve
them.
So
we'll
give
you
a
whole
bunch
of
tools,
and
you
can
pick
and
choose
what's
gonna
work
best
for
your
scenario
and
we
want
to
encourage
community
initiatives
to
keep
theirs
wild
through
the
six
pairwise
basics.
We
find
that
when
people
come
together
on
a
community
level
versus
a
singular
level,
it's
much
more
effective.
A
So
again
we
try
to
have
consistent
messaging.
So
we
have
one
main
website
at
bear:
wise
org
really
encourage
everybody
to
log
in
afterwards.
It
covers
everything
much
more
outside
the
scope
of
what
I'll
cover
today.
So
it
can
really
put
you
in
touch
with
who
you
need
to
be
in
touch
with
just
resolve
your
issues
in
your
area
and
can
give
you
some
ideas
on
how
to
prevent
conflicts
or
resolve
the
conflicts
that
you're
experiencing.
A
There's
also
bear
a
certified
communities
in
these
communities,
essentially
be
community
members,
decide
to
follow
the
six
five
six
pairwise
basics
on
a
community
level,
and
because
of
this
we
see
reduced
human
bear
conflicts
duh
right,
that's
that's
the
main
point
there,
but
also,
and
to
me
more
importantly,
increases
the
confidence
of
residents
to
do
things
like
gardening
or
walking
the
dog,
and
in
any
of
these
other
kind
of
daily
activities
we
do
in
our
communities.
We
want
you
to
feel
like
if
you
did
encounter
a
bear,
you
would
know
exactly
what
to
do.
A
A
So
if
we
put
the
onus
on
the
residents
to
pick
and
choose
which
tools
are
going
to
work
and
to
keep
track
of
their
activity
and
all
of
those
things,
we
find
that
people
keep
up
with
that.
Much
more
it'll
be
much
more
important
to
the
community.
So
you
can
check
this
out
a
pairwise
dot,
work,
backslash,
pairwise
communities.
We
don't
have
any
North
Carolina
yet,
but
we
are
currently
in
the
process.
A
So
here
we
have
the
six
pairwise
basics.
This
is
just
kind
of
a
general
outline
here
you
see
the
icons,
you
see
the
bear
paw.
We
want
you
to
see
these
things
and
know
exactly
what
we're
talking
about.
So,
let's
dive
right
in
number,
one
is
never
feeder
approach
bears.
This
is
very
important
and
it
really
boils
down
to
intentional
versus
non
intentional
feeding.
So
if
you
see
a
situation
like
the
bottom
corner
there,
where
the
woman
is
tossing
out,
gosh
I,
don't
know
marshmallows
or
cookies
or
who
knows
what
she's
tossing
to
that
there.
A
If
you
see
a
situation
like
that,
we
need
to
know
about
it
immediately.
So
you
need
to
report
that
incident
to
the
NC
wildlife
helpline
or
to
NC
wildlife
law
enforcement
and,
at
the
very
end,
I'll
have
all
that
information
there
for
you,
you
can
take
a
picture
of
it
or
write
it
down
whatever
you
need
to
do
so.
You'll
have
that
information
on
who
to
contact,
but
the
thing
is
it's
not
illegal
to
feed
bears.
A
But
we
do
want
to
know
about
it
so
that
we
can
do
some
education
for
that
person
or
that
community
and
really
kind
of
nip
that
in
the
bud,
because
that
is
where
the
negative
behaviors
start
and
they
s
from
there
pretty
rapidly
also
check
out
around
your
house
to
see
if
there's
any
potential
hidden
sources
of
intentional
feeding
going
on.
Sorry,
not
intentional
feeding.
A
So
things
like
bird
feeders,
pet
food
or
compost,
where
maybe
you
don't
intend
to
feed
the
Bears,
but
the
Bears
end
up
utilizing
that
as
we've
resource
anyways,
so
be
mindful
of
your
own
property.
Do
a
laugh
every
once
in
a
while
to
kind
of
check
in
and
make
sure
you
have.
All
of
your
potential
attractions
secured
number
two
is
secure
your
food
garbage
in
recycling.
A
So
you
need
to
really
take
this
seriously,
because
this
is
out
of
the
two
Biggie's
being
bird
feeders
and
garbage
garbage
is
one
of
the
big
ones.
So
again
the
very
strongest
senses,
their
sense
of
smell.
They
can
smell
your
garbage
can
from
over
a
mile
away.
So
when
it's
trash
today
the
Bears
every
bear
in
a
mile
radius
at
least
knows
about
it.
So
I'm
sure.
If
you
live
in
this
area,
you
probably
know
that
they
have
their
own
little
schedule.
A
They
follow
the
trash
schedule
in
each
neighborhood
and
they
show
up
very
promptly
for
trash
day,
but
be
so
be
mindful
of
human
foods
as
well.
Specifically
I
want
to
mention
vehicles
here
because
bears
can
access
vehicles
like
it's
nothing
they
can
open
a
card
were
like
it's
like
a
like.
A
human
does
and
I'll
show
you
a
video
here
in
just
a
moment
before
this
reason,
even
if
you
feel
very
secure
in
your
neighborhood,
you
trust
your
neighbors.
That's
wonderful,
I'm,
very
happy
for
you,
but
please
don't
trust
the
Bears.
A
They
will
get
into
your
car
over
something
as
simple
as
a
pack
of
gum,
or
you
know
a
little
mention
the
cup
holder,
or
maybe
you
accidentally
drop
some
french
fries
under
the
seat
and
so
on
and
so
forth.
So
if
you
have
children
and
you
have
a
car
seat,
I
feel
you
I
feel
for
you.
Just
do
your
best.
The
best
thing
to
do
those
keep
that
door
locked
to
keep
those
windows
rolled
up.
A
If
you
can
keep
your
vehicle
in
a
garage,
if
you
are
lucky
enough
tagged
garage,
that's
even
better
make
sure
the
garage
door
stays
closed,
though
so
never
leave
any
food
in
your
vehicle.
Even
the
tiniest
crumb
can
draw
on
a
bear,
make
sure
it's
locked
make
sure
the
windows
are
rolled
up.
You
know
we'll
see
how
the
Bears
interact
with
vehicles
here
so
see
it's
nothing
and
once
they
learn
this
behavior
once
or
twice
they're
gonna.
Repeat
it
all
around
town.
A
So
one
thing
to
note
as
well:
we
do
see,
bears
total
cars
in
these
scenarios
and
oftentimes.
What
happens
is
the
bear
gets
locked
inside
of
the
car,
so
the
car
door
closes
behind
them
and,
interestingly
enough,
they've
learned
to
open
the
car
doors
from
the
outside,
but
not
from
the
inside
I.
Think
they
really
need
to
work
on
that,
so
that
would
make
our
jobs
a
lot
easier.
A
But
if
you
live
in
this
area,
you
probably
know
someone
I've
heard
a
story
about
a
vehicle
being
total
or
nearly
totaled
over
a
bear
accessing
the
vehicle
so
really
take
that
seriously,
really
make
it
a
habit
of
locking
your
doors
every
time.
No
matter
if
you
live
in
a
wonderful
neighborhood
or
you
love
all
your
neighbors
when
it
comes
to
garbage
and
recycling
again,
this
is
really
the
big
one.
A
The
best
advice
I
can
give
you
today
is
to
put
your
garbage
at
the
curb
the
morning
with
pickup,
so
after
6:00
a.m.
is
usually
when
we
aim
for,
but
if
you
can
wait
even
longer
until
your
scheduled,
quote-unquote
pickup
time
I
know
it
doesn't
always
pan
out
that
way.
But
if
you
can
wait
as
long
as
possible,
to
put
your
can
out
definitely
do
that
I'm,
shortening
that
window
of
opportunity
for
the
Bears
to
access
your
garbage
can
is
gonna,
be
your
best
bet
here
and
again.
A
You
want
to
see
this
on
a
community
level
if
you're
doing
it
as
an
individual
great,
but
do
try
to
get
your
neighbors
on
board
as
well.
Another
thing
is
on
non
collection
days.
You
need
to
be
able
to
have
your
cans,
secured
so
make
sure
you're
putting
it
in
a
bearing
system
building
like
garage
or
a
shed
anything
that
locks
and
stays
closed,
but
you
can
also
look
at
bear
resistant
containers
as
well.
A
A
It
has
an
automatic
locking
system
where,
as
soon
as
you
close
the
lid
it
locks
and
then
you
once
it
you
know
flips
around,
they
can
manipulate
it
and
that
lid
is
gonna
stay
locked,
but
when
the
truck
picks
it
up
and
flips
it
180
degrees,
it
has
a
gravity
latching
system
to
automatically
unlock
there.
So
it's
considered
a
an
automated
fully
automated
garbage
cart.
So
again,
that's
like
the
Cadillac
of
garbage
carts,
but
there's
a
lot
of
different
options
out
there
and
I'll
show
you
here.
So
you
can
see
up
top.
A
That's
an
example
of
a
cart
that
was
retrofitted
as
we
call
it
or
there's
a
DIY
kits
that
you
can
buy
as
well,
but
do
make
sure
that
this
is
compliant
with.
You
know
whether
you're
on
waste
pro
or
Asheville
sanitation
or
whatever
your
collection
services,
they
will
likely
ask
you
to
unlock
something
like
this
once
you
put
it
out
the
curb.
So
once
your
cart
hits
the
curb.
It's
no
longer
secure,
but
this
is
also
great
for
non
collection
days.
When
you
just
have
the
cart
you
know
sitting
around
back
to
the
house.
A
A
You
can
find
that
8th,
Hardware,
Home,
Depot
Lowe's,
all
of
those
sorts
of
places
where
have
locking
mechanisms
of
all
types,
maybe
no
not
fully
automated,
but
they
can
still
be
great
for
keeping
your
garbage
secure,
particularly
on
non
collection
days
regardless,
though,
the
best
advice
I
can
give
is
to
have
all
trash
and
recycling
put
out
after
6:00
a.m.
the
morning
of
trash
pickup.
So
we're
going
to
watch
a
video
here
of
a
I
believe
this
is
a
retrofitted
can
which
you
can
see.
A
It's
got
a
reinforced
lid
you'll
see
that
has
locks
on
the
omneya
lid
as
well.
Mind
you,
a
a
bungee
cord
or
a
ratchet
strap
is
not
going
to
work
against
a
bear.
They
can
still
bend
up
those
lids
pretty
easily,
but
you'll
see
he's
able
to
manipulate
the
can
knock
it
around
and
it
doesn't
open.
So
this
is
a
great
option.
A
A
Ultimately,
over
time,
you'll
see
the
bear
coming
back
the
number
of
times
they
come
back
decrease
until
maybe
they
only
come
back.
You
know
once
a
year
or
once
a
month
it
does
take
time
to
clinic,
will
unlearn
those
behaviors.
So
once
you
make
a
modification
like
that,
give
it
some
time
it's
not
going
to
be
in.
Excuse
me,
instant,
well.
A
I
also
saw
a
question
pop
up
asking
what
was
the
name
of
the
quote-unquote
Cadillac
of
bear
resistant
cans
that
was
by
a
Pacific
rig
and
that's
offered
by
waste
Pro
Asheville
sanitation
is
working
so
hard
bless
their
hearts.
We've
been
working
with
them
for
a
couple
years
now
to
try
and
get
a
system
of
bear
resistant,
garbage
cans
with
Cove
at
19.
A
That's
probably
gonna
put
even
more
of
a
wrench
in
that
chain,
but
we're
still
trying
we're
still
pushing
forward
and
they're
still
very
motivated
and
likely
they
would
go
with
the
same
type
of
cart
as
well
and
then
just
some
other
options
that
are
out
there
at
places
like
Ace,
Hardware
or
Home.
Depot
Toder
is
a
good
brand.
They
have
a
couple
options.
A
You
can
find
a
list
kind
of
a
comprehensive
list
to
meet
your
whatever
size
you
need,
or
whatever
your
needs
are
specifically
on
NC
Wildlife's
website.
Under
our
bear
section,
we
have
a
little
flyer
there,
where
you
can
kind
of
look
at
some
options
as
well,
and
then
I
did
see
that
there
is
somebody
mentioned
rinsing
out,
containers
which
is
great.
It
certainly
isn't
going
to
harm
anything
by
doing
that,
it
may
not
be
foolproof,
though
particularly
with
recycling.
A
Of
course
we're
gonna
be
rinsing
a
lot
of
those
cans
and
things
like
that
out,
but
because
these
Bears
have
such
a
strong
sense
of
smell,
sometimes
people
still
do
have
trouble
with
recycling.
So
I
just
wanted
to
toss
that
out
there,
but
that
is
a
great
trick.
Also
putting
stinky
things
in
the
freezer
before
you
put
them
in
your
garbage
can
on
collection
day,
that's
a
great
one
too.
So,
let's
Vonn
here
to
birdfeeders.
Sometimes
these
are
fighting
words
for
some
people,
but
bear
with
me
here
kind
of
hear
me
out
and
we'll
see.
A
If
maybe
we
can't
convert
some
people
here
so
number
three
is
removed
bird
feeders,
so
you
gotta,
remember
that
bears
are
all
about
easy
calories,
so
essentially
remember
one
of
those
five
to
seven
pound
bird
feeders
kind
of
classic
big
ones
from
Walmart
or
whatever
holds
about
20,000
calories,
that's
their
daily
calorie
target
when
it
comes
to
the
fall
when
they're
in
hyperphagia
getting
up
their
fat
stores
for
the
winter.
So
because
of
this,
we
ask
people
to
remove
bird
feeders
when
bears
are
active,
so
usually
that's
somewhere
around
March
to
somewhere
around
November.
A
So
that's
if
you
absolutely
have
to
feed
birds,
but
we
really
ask
that
people
don't
and
here's
why
so
number
one
there's
no
practical
bear
resistant
bird
feeder
really,
in
my
opinion,
you
in
order
to
cover
all
the
bases
of
a
truly
bear
resistant
bird
feeder.
It's
gonna
cost
you
probably
a
couple
hundred
dollars.
Some
systems
cost
up
to
over
a
thousand
dollars
and
man
are
they
an
eyesore?
A
They
are
not
pretty
and
they're,
not
something
that
I
would
personally
want
to
have
in
my
backyard
and
essentially
with
the
amount
of
money
and
effort
you'd
be
putting
into
it.
Why
not
go
with
something
like
a
pollinator
garden
or
putting
your
you
know,
efforts
and
your
money
into
something
like
that.
That
would
be
way
more
beneficial.
So
these
bird
feeders,
we
do
see
across
the
board,
Audubon
Society
agrees.
Any
sort
of
bird-watching
community
will
agree
as
well.
A
Bernsen
is
not
natural
for
bear
or
fairs
or
birds
or
any
of
the
other
critters
that
access
it.
And
aside
from
that,
we
see
a
lot
of
disease
transfer
around
these
bird
feeders,
so
the
disease
transfer
is
heightened.
We
see
some
more
aggressive
species
benefiting
we're.
Really
we
want
the
smaller
less
aggressive
species.
I
mean
there's
a
million
different
ways
that
bird
feeders
are
negatively
impacting
birds
in
particular,
but
also
bears
and
other
species.
So
we
really
ask
that
people
don't
use
for
see.
A
A
First
of
all
bears
can
climb
trees,
so
they
can
access,
as
you
can
see,
those
rigging
systems
that
people
use
when
they
can
access
your
second-story
third-story
balcony,
just
like
climbing
a
tree,
that's
nothing
for
them,
but,
additionally,
even
if
they
didn't
want
to
make
that
effort
to
climb
up
there,
they
are
more
than
happy
to
access
the
the
seed
that
spills
on
the
ground
and
in
some
cases
we
find
that
that's
more
of
an
attractant
than
the
feeder
itself.
So
keep
that
in
mind
as
well.
A
If
you're
gonna
go
through
all
this
effort,
I
really
suggest
you
just
look
into
other
more
effective
ways
to
see
birds
around
your
home,
using
things
like.
Instead
of
putting
birdseed
in
your
bird
feeder,
put
some
cotton
balls
or
some
yarn,
any
sort
of
nesting
material
for
the
birds
house,
bird
houses
work
great
nest
boxes,
a
little
birdbath
can
do
wonders
and
again,
I
can't
stress
this
enough.
Pollinator
Gardens
are
great.
Just
stay
away
from
some
of
the
fruiting
species,
go
more
towards
the
species
that
promote
insects.
A
So
a
lot
of
the
insects
are
gonna,
bring
in
more
Birds,
not
only
more
Birds,
but
a
wider
diversity
of
birds
as
well.
So
it's
gonna
be
much
more
beneficial
for
the
wildlife
in
your
backyard
and
viewing
that
wildlife,
while
keeping
bears
moving
through
and
not
attracting
them
to
your
yard.
Excuse
me,
I
did
see
a
question
about
hot
pepper,
suet
or
adding
cayenne
pepper
that
is
not
effective
for
bears.
A
Unfortunately,
if
you're
doing
anything
with
that,
then
you
are
properly
seizing
seasoning,
that
bird
feeder
for
them
it
doesn't
really
have
an
effect
until
it
gets
to
the
capsaicin
levels
of
a
bear
spray.
So
that's
super
super
high
and
that's
not
something
that
we
can
kind
of
replicate
what
they
sue
at
mix
or
adding
you
know,
cayenne,
pepper
or
something
like
that.
Tar
mix,
so
hopefully
that
answers
that
question.
A
So
here's
kind
of
a
serious
moment-
and
if
there's
any
kids
around
you
might
send
them
off
for
just
a
moment,
but
it
is
something
that
I
really
want
to
address,
because
this
was
right
in
most
of
our
backyards.
If
you
live
out
here
in
the
mountains,
so
in
2018
we
had
an
incident
where
we
did
have
to
euthanize
a
bear,
and
it
was
a
scenario
that
progressed
over
time
and
it
started
with
unsecured
trash
and
with
bird
feeders
in
the
neighborhood.
Again,
this
bear
didn't
have
any
boundaries.
A
It
was
continually
allowed
to
access
these
resources.
This
pictured
here
she's
miss
Tony.
She
was
unfortunately
on
the
receiving
end
of
excuse
me
of
the
female
bear
here
across
the
street
from
her.
She
had
some
new
neighbors
that
were
unfamiliar
with
living
in
their
country
and
they
were
routinely
putting
their
garbage
out
the
night
before
and
the
bear
with
her
cubs
was
coming
along
and
accessing
that
garbage
the
night.
A
Before
and
again,
this
got
to
the
point
where
the
bear
was
resource
guarding,
so
very
similar
to
the
picture
we
saw
are
the
video
we
saw
earlier
in
the
presentation
with
the
bear
in
the
garage.
So
on
top
of
that
she
had
Cubs
as
well.
She
was
habituated
and
this
Tony
went
to
let
her
dog
out
one
last
time
it
was
dark
outside
in
her
yard.
A
So
the
mom
and
Cubs
were
on
the
other
side
of
the
vehicle
and
Miss
Tony
didn't
see
when
she
scanned
her
yard
before
she
walked
outside
and
the
bear
with
her
cubs
came
around
psalmist
Tony
and
she
pursued
miss
Tony
all
the
way
to
the
door,
scratching
clawing
biting
trying
to
get
to
the
dog
that
Miss
Tony
picked
up
and
put
in
her
arms.
So
Miss
Tony
fought
back,
but
it
did
not
just
her
the
bear
at
all
and
she
pursued
her
for
a
great
distance.
A
So
for
this
reason
we
had
to
euthanize
the
female,
because
the
the
behavior
was
so
escalated
and
it
was
a
public
safety
threat.
Very
obviously,
at
that
point,
but
the
cubs
that
she
had
were
of
an
appropriate
age
to
then
relocate
outside
the
community
and,
as
far
as
we
know,
they've
been
very
successful
since
but
I
say
this
because
it
only
started
with
unsecured
trash
and
bird
feeders
and
it
escalated
to
this
point.
And
so
it's
not
a
matter
of
oh
this
might
happen.
A
It's
a
matter
of
this
has
happened
and
it's
happened
right
in
our
backyard.
So
I
really
want
to
people
to
take
this
seriously
and
I
really
want
people
to
when
they
think
about
these
things.
Consider
that
they're
making
decisions
not
only
for
them
but
for
their
neighbors
as
well
for
other
people
in
their
community,
so
the
neighbors
across
the
street
continued
to
put
the
trash
out
the
night
before
and
ultimately
miss
tawny
paid
the
price
for
that.
A
You
can
see
down
there,
regular
fence
just
isn't
going
to
cut
it.
These
bears
can
climb
trees,
they
can
hike
up
mountains.
That's
nothing
for
a
bear,
so
consider
some
electric
fencing
for
gardens
or
blueberries,
or
if
you
have
some
livestock
anywhere,
you
want
to
keep
bears
out
of
that's
a
great
option.
It
can
be
very
cost
effective
in
the
long
run,
and
it's
not
very
difficult
to
maintain
people
get
a
bit
intimidated
by
that.
A
Number
five
is
clean
and
store
your
grills.
So
remember
they
can
smell
your
grill
from
over
a
mile
away
and
if
you
think
about
it,
when
you
go
to
start
up
the
grill,
you
open
it
up
and
you
smell
those
hamburgers
from
last
week
right,
so
it's
pretty
pungent
smell,
so
make
sure.
Every
time
you
use
your
grill,
you
turn
around.
You
crank
up
the
heat
burn
off
the
food
particles,
scrape
it
down
as
best
you
can,
and
the
one
thing
that's
often
overlooked
is
removing
the
grease
pan.
A
So
take
that
grease
pan
out
you
can
stick
it
in
the
freezer.
That's
gonna
be
your
best
option
and
then
toss
it
out
on
your
trash
collection
day
time
or
maybe
the
next
time
you
go
to
the
dump,
but
do
not
toss
the
drippings
in
the
yard.
That's
just
moving
that
smell
that
attracted
five
feet
to
the
left.
Right,
so
have
a
little
common
sense
at
that
store
your
grill.
If
you
can
in
a
garage
or
shed
something
like
that
would
be
great
if
you
have
one
of
those
grills,
that's
kind
of
a
built-in.
A
If
you
have
one,
you
probably
know
what
I'm
referring
to
try
to
use
a
bicycle
lock,
if
you
can
to
lock
down
the
lid
and
lock
down
the
doors
to
the
storage
areas,
underneath
so
that's
a
great
option
for
those
people
in
those
scenarios
but
again
store
it
in
a
bare
assistant,
location
of
possible,
make
sure
it's
clean
cover.
It
number
six
is
pretty
easy
and
I
think
here
we
do.
We
do
pretty
well
with
this.
It's
alerting
neighbors
to
bear
activity,
so
we
do
this
through
sites
like
next
door.
A
That's
a
really
big
one
around
these
parts.
Facebook
groups
are
also
pretty
popular
for
various
communities
or
community
groups,
and
in
bear
my
certified
communities.
We
have
bear
Wisley
gaze
on,
so
that's
a
specific
person
designed
to
take
reports
of
bear
activity.
Let
everybody
in
the
community
know
about
that
activity
and
again
people
advice
on
how
to
be
proactive
about
bear
activity
or
combat
the
activity
that
they're
experiencing
so
I
say
all
this
to
kind
of
wrap
it
up
in
a
bow.
A
Here
we
need
to
follow
the
six
pair
wise
basics,
so
we're
not
giving
a
traveling
bear
an
excuse
to
linger
in
our
neighborhood
so
bears
that
are
hanging
around
in
our
backyards,
whether
it's
forever
feeder
or
for
your
garden
or
your
pet
food,
whatever
it
is,
they're
more
exposed
to
vehicle
strikes,
so,
for
example,
not
this
past
weekend,
but
the
weekend
before
we
had
in
Buncombe
County
at
least
four
or
five
bears
killed
by
vehicles
all
in
the
span
of
maybe
two
days.
That's
happening
off
of
240
I,
40
26.
A
If
you
get
a
little
bit
farther
to
the
west,
you
have
64
through
there
as
well,
and
then,
if
you
get
up
towards
the
kind
of
northwest
corner
of
the
state
up
by
the
smokey
Park
in
the
Tennessee
line,
that
Pigeon
River
Gorge
is
a
hotspot
for
bears
those
fall
to
get
hit
by
cars.
So
this
outside
of
hunting
is
the
number
one
source
of
mortality
for
bears,
so
the
urban
suburban
bear
study
is
now
on
phase
two
and
phase
one
I
think
it
was
over.
A
A
There
is
a
law
that
says
you
can
take
legal
action
against
a
bear
if
it's
impacting
your
safety
or
if
it
is
causing
property
destruction
to
damage
to
your
personal
property,
actively
doing
that
in
the
moment
is
the
key
there.
So,
for
some
people,
a
bear
at
their
bird
feeder
may
be
a
great
opportunity
to
take
some
pictures
for
the
neighbor
next
door.
A
So
there
is
some
key
key
terms
in
there
and
if
you
were
in
one
of
those
situations,
you
need
to
know
what
your
local
laws
were
and
then
finally,
they
may
have
to
be
removed
by
an
agency
to
protect
public
safety
and
a
good
example
of
that
was
the
Swannanoa,
a
scenario
that
we
just
spoke
about,
but
really
in
district
9.
We've
never
had
to
euthanize
a
bear
for
unwanted
behavior,
so
an
escalation
of
behaviors.
We
opt
for
education,
we've
been
very
successful,
but
right
over
the
line.
A
The
district
8
is
worse
woman,
though
it
is,
and
they
have
not.
So
it
can
very
easily
happen
here
and
we
want
to
get
out
with
education
and
make
sure
we
can
prevent
this
from
happening.
But
if
Public
Safety
is
an
issue,
that's
where
we
will
have
to
step
in
and
euthanize
the
bear,
because
we
cannot
relocate
bears
due
to
the
high
mortality
rates
we
discussed
earlier.
So
again,
most
bears
are
just
traveling
through
when
they're
sticking
around
they're
exposed
to
all
these
sources
on
mortality.
So
we
want
to
keep
all
the
attractants
secured.
A
A
You
see
there
that's
just
in
someone's
backyard,
so
we
put
out
the
traps
in
people's
backyards
within
Asheville,
City
Limits
and
we
trap
them
in
these
they're
called
culvert
traps
and
when
they
go
in
for
a
doughnut
at
the
very
end
the
door
closes
behind
them,
then
we're
able
to
anesthetize
them
process
them.
We
put
a
call
around
them.
We
identify
them
with
an
ear
tag
and
we
can
take
all
kinds
of
biological
samples
and
follow
them
for
a
few
years.
A
So
again,
we
can
use
this
information
to
combat
things
like
vehicle
mortality,
among
bears
and
we're
also
looking
specifically
with
this
project
the
influence
of
bears
community.
So
communities
where
the
community
members
are
all
implementing
the
six
bare
eyes:
basics
around
their
homes,
we're
seeing
how
that
impacts.
The
diets
of
these
bears
their
reproduction,
where
their
Denning,
how
they're
getting
and
their
general
movements.
So
you
see
in
that
top
corner,
that's
kind
of
an
example
of
some
GPS
data
we
get
and
we
tend
to
see
these
bears
start
out
Nashville.
A
They
may
take
a
little
vacation
for
a
while,
but
oftentimes
they
loop
right
back
to
Asheville
and
most
of
Buncombe
County.
So
you
also
want
to
look
at
some
of
the
perceptions
of
bears
and
human
bear
interactions
in
these
communities
and
ideally
we'll
see
that
there's
a
decrease
once
these
communities
become
certified.
So
right
now
we
have
their
caller's
out
and
we
are
looking
at
the
before
effects
and
then
we'll
have
these
community
certified
by
the
end
of
the
year
and
we
can
start
looking
at
the
after
effects.
A
So
hopefully
we'll
have
some
final
results
in
June
of
2023
I
put
an
asterisk
there,
because
who
knows
how
Koopa
19
will
affect
that,
but
hopefully
we'll
be
successful.
So
here
is
where
everyone
can
take
pictures
or
write
down
this
information.
This
is
great
information
to
have,
of
course,
I
have
my
information
up
there,
but
if
you
are
expanding
a
bear
issue,
more
importantly,
we
want
you
to
call
the
NC
wildlife
helpline,
so
that
should
be
available
Monday
through
Friday
8
to
5,
but
with
COBIT
we've
had
some
restrictions
in
our
hours.
A
You
can
always
leave
a
message
and
they'll
get
back
to
you
as
soon
as
they
can
or
there
is
an
email
address
as
well.
If
you
need
to
send
along
some
pictures
or
anything
like
that,
and
that's
great
for
any
sort
of
wildlife
issue
you're
experiencing
excuse
me,
there's
also
the
wildlife
enforcement
division.
So
if
you
experience
a
pretty
significant
issue
with
wildlife
outside
of
those
helpline
hours,
then
you
can
follow
that
link
right
there.
A
It's
on
the
NC
Wildlife
website
as
well,
and
you
can
find
your
local
wildlife
officer
for
your
county
to
hopefully
come
out
and
help
you
with
whatever
issue
you're
experiencing
right
there.
So
at
this
point,
I
would
like
to
open
it
up
to
questions.
So
if
you
can
type
them
I'll
try
to
answer
them.
You
know
as
they
come.
A
A
Also
want
to
mention
at
the
very
very
top
of
the
chat,
if
you
scroll
all
the
way
up,
I
attached
a
file,
that's
great
for
kids,
if
you'd
like
to
teach
them
about,
bear
Weis
or
maybe
connect
some
of
things
you
learned
today
in
the
presentation
for
those
younger
age
groups,
it
can
be
a
great
way
to
kind
of
connect
with
the
environment
as
well.
When
it
comes
to
composting.
A
The
best
rule
you
can
follow
is
that
brown
on
top
of
green
rule,
so
having
a
thicker
brown
level-2
will
help.
There
are
some
berries,
distant
composting
options.
You
can
look
into.
They
can
get
a
little
bit
pricey.
You
can
also
construct
a
secure
shed
or
something
like
that
to
help
enclose
your
composting
as
well.
There
are
some
online
options
for
that
and
I've
heard
some
people
who
are
trying
that
around
the
Asheville
area.
A
Yeah,
so
if
you
are
on
a
hiking
trail
and
the
bear
starts
coming
towards,
you
remember,
act
begging,
crazy,
flare
up
your
jackets,
making
any
sort
of
noise
with
bear
bells
or
whatever
it
is
that
you
have
in
your
pocket
that
you
like
to
carry
I've
even
heard
of
people
carrying
Roxanna
in
a
tin.
Can
that
works
great
too,
so
be
big
and
scary,
and
then
back
away
in
the
opposite
direction.
So.
A
Bear
bells
any
of
the
air
horns.
Things
like
that
can
be
super
effective,
but
again
switched
up,
especially
if
you're
using
it
in
a
back
backyard,
sighting,
switching
up
the
harassment,
whether
it's
noises
or
a
hose
or
whatever
it
is,
helps
kind
of
keep
that
bear
from
getting
used
to
you
know
a
human
yelling
or
a
human
clapping
at
them.
A
If
you
guys
would
like
to
access
any
other
options
for
Flyers
that
you
can
pass
out
again,
those
kids
activities
bear
Mize.
Org
has
stored
under
the
bear
wise
community
section
and
you'll
check
out
just
like
you
are
purchasing
something,
but
they
are
free
and
they'll.
Send
you
a
link
to
download
any
of
those
copies?
You
can
also
contact
me
or
any
local
biologist,
and
we
can
get
you
some
additional
outreach
information
that
way.
I'll
reach
fliers
and
magnets
and
pencils,
and
all
that
good
stuff.
A
So
I
have
a
question
about
bear
spray.
Bear
spray
is
very
effective.
You
can
carry
it
with
you
pretty
easy.
So
if
you
feel
comfortable
using
it,
I
always
recommend
people
have
it
on
there,
for
if
nothing
but
peace
of
mind
do
make
sure
you
know
how
to
use
it,
though,
if
you're
not
spraying
upwards,
you
want
to
spray
downwards
towards
the
Bears
face.
So
there's
a
lot
of
videos
online
that
you
can
look
at
to
get
some
good
information
about
training
and
I
have
a
can
and
you
can
purchase
these
online
bats.
A
A
Hey
Lisa:
when
we're
talking
about
how
far
do
they
reach
I'm?
Assuming
you
mean
the
bear
spray,
so
you
can
read
it
on
the
on.
The
can
definitely
use
bear
spray
and
not
human
pepper
spray,
because
those
links
will
be
very
different,
but
essentially
you
want
to
wait
till
they
are
just
a
you
know,
10
or
so
feet
in
front
of
you.
You
don't
want
to
spray
too
soon,
because
that
will
be
less
effective.
A
And
Rebecca
we
are
trying
so
I
believe
there
is
a
pilot
program
in
the
works
that
still
needs
approval
and
has
to
go
through
all
the
government
works
there,
but
definitely
we're
trying
to
get
Asheville
a
pilot
program,
at
least
for
very
assistant,
garbage
cans.
Again
I
think
they'll
be
the
same
ones
that
Buncombe
County
is
offering
and
they
are
very
motivated.
Some
people
think
that
they
just
don't
care.
They
do
care.
A
A
Jana
and
Marty
are
very
correct.
A
screen
is
not
going
to
keep
a
bear
out
of
anything
whether
it's
your
porch
your
window,
anything
like
that
bears.
You
know
they
accidentally
put
too
much
weight
on
it
and
it
breaks
the
screen.
You
know
there
are
large
animals
with
large
claws,
so
be
mindful
of
keeping
it
in
the
secure
location
that
can
lock
and
that
a
bear
cannot
access.
A
Hey
Christine
so
in
terms
of
lilac
bushes
in
general,
I
can
get
back
to
you
on
that.
If
you
want
to
add
rectify,
send
me
your
email,
I
haven't
personally
heard
that,
but
in
terms
of
landscaping,
I'd
much
rather
have
flowers
than
any
sort
of
fruiting
type
species
I'm,
just
as
a
general
rule
of
thumb.
So
if
you'll
personally
send
me
your
email
or
reach
out,
you
can
email
me.
My
address
is
still
on
the
screen
and
I
can
get
back
to
you
about
that.
A
All
right
well,
thank
you,
guys,
I
think
we'll
just
cut
it
off
there
again.
My
email
is
up
there.
If
you
have
any
questions
that
kind
of
just
pop
up
after
your
your
kind
of
mulling
this
over
afterwards
and
feel
free
to
reach
out
I'm
happy
to
answer
any
questions
again,
I
can
get
your
neighborhood
some
outreach
materials.
We
can
get
you
all
kinds
of
different
stuff.
A
So
just
let
me
know
remember
that
NC
wildlife
helpline,
it's
a
great
number
to
just
have
on
the
fridge-
are
ready
to
go
when
you
need
it
in
wildlife
enforcement
division.
If
you
go
ahead
and
look
up
those
numbers
for
your
local
officers
and
have
those
on
the
fringe
as
well,
it's
just
great
to
have
easily
accessible
even
programming,
and
your
phone
could
be
great.
Okay.
Well,
thank
you.
So
much
guys,
I
hope.
Everybody
has
a
wonderful
and
safe
rest
of
the
week.