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From YouTube: Ethan Allen Homestead Enrichment Program: Bennington Battlefield Locations Revealed with Bob Hoar
Description
From the Ethan Allen Homestead:
On August 16, 1777, the Green Mountain Boys joined American rebel forces and faced off against the professional British army near Bennington, VT. This battle was part of the larger Saratoga campaign and contributed to a major turning point in the Revolutionary War that helped lead to an American victory. But how did the American rebels near Bennington defeat the strongest and richest army in the world at the time? Former park docent and history presenter Bob Hoar explains the battle and battlefield in a visual presentation of little-known battlefield locations. What happened at these locations over two hundred years ago helped lead to America as we know it today.
For more information: ethanallenhomestead.org
8/21/2022
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A
All
right,
so
we
we
will
start
over
and
say
welcome
to
new
zealand
for
our
talk
with
bob
on
the
bennington
battle
field
locations
reveal.
So
before
we
begin,
I
would
like
to
thank
some
of
our
sponsors.
We
have
some
organizations
who
have
been
very
generous
to
us.
One
of
them
is
from
arp
vermont,
just
right
arrow
to
the
next
one.
Oh,
I
think
it's
just
telling
you
that
the
length
is
now
our
lamp
is
apparently
running
a
little
low,
but.
B
A
C
A
A
This
battle
was
part
of
a
larger
saratoga
campaign
and
contributed
to
a
major
revolutionary
war
victory
which
ultimately
led
to
the
successful
conclusion
of
the
revolutionary
wars.
But
how
did
the
american
rebels
near
bennington
defeat
the
strongest
and
richest
army
in
the
world
at
that
time,
and
that
is
what
bob
will
tell
us
all
about
in
a
few
minutes.
So
just
a
couple
of
things
about
bob
he's,
a
benign
historian
and
researcher
he
has
been
studying
at
the
bennington
museum
research
library.
A
B
A
D
I've
grabbed
my
sword
here
I
don't
have
a
clicker,
so
I
might
raise
the
sword
when
I
want
the
slide
to
to
change
today.
So
once
again,
my
name
is
bob.
I've
done
in
bennington.
I've
been
working
at
the
battlefield
for
a
bunch
of
years,
and
one
of
the
things
about
working
at
the
battlefield
is,
if
you
guys
don't
know,
the
battlefield
is
at
the
top
of
the
hill
and
that
particular
location
gets
all
the
gets
all
the
attention.
Okay.
D
So
one
of
the
things
I'm
trying
to
do
here
today
is
to
tell
you
about
other
parts
of
bennington
battlefield
and
other
areas
that
had
to
do
with
the
battle
of
bennington,
the
hero
of
the
bennington.
The
battle
of
edinburgh
is
john
stark
and
there's
a
statue
of
john
stark
in
a
statue
of
seth
warner
near
the
bennington
battle
monument.
D
D
It's
not
going
to
have
every
last
piece
of
information
that
there
is
about
the
battle
of
bennington,
and
that
will
be
the
first
two
thirds
of
my
presentation
and
then
there
will
be
a
little
bit
about
the
continental
storehouse
and
some
of
the
the
information
before
and
after
now.
Okay,
so
we're
just
jumping
right
into
the
battle
of
benson
stuff.
Okay,
this
image
is
of
a
professional
army
in
europe,
either
the
germans
or
the
prussians.
D
So
I'm
giving
you
a
sense
of
what
the
americans
would
have
thought
of
when
they
were
threatened
with
invasion
by
a
large
european
army.
So
the
british
had
said:
8
000
men,
half
british
half
germans
also,
including
maybe
400
native
americans-
to
take
albany
new
york.
So
what
they're
going
to
do
is
they're
going
to
come
down
from
canada,
they
would
get
to
albany
new
york
and
the
the
storyline
is
that
that
would
split
the
colonies
in
two
with
with
new
england
being
the
rebellious
part
of
the
the
colonies.
D
Sending
troops
and
materials
to
the
other
part
they'd
be
able
to
hold
the
hudson
river
in
lake
champlain
corridor,
because
in
76
they'd
already
taken
new
york
city
and
if
they
take
albany
they'd,
really
be
cutting
off
new
england
from
the
rest
of
the
colonies,
and
perhaps
then
they
would
attack
me.
Okay,
so
they're
trying
to
get
to
albany
new
york
in
albany
new
york,
there's
a
fort
frederick.
D
So
I'm
showing
you
the
sign
of
fort
frederick
and
that
that's
right
where
the
albany
state
house
is
and
that
and
the
egg
and
those
large
buildings
in
downtown
albany.
So
that's
the
actual
place
that
the
british
were
trying
to
get
one
of
those
star.
Forts
was
there,
so
they
started
to
run
short
of
supplies.
D
D
Okay,
so
we're
right
on
to
the
bennington
battlefield
already,
so
the
battle
of
bennington
happened
on
the
16th,
but
now
we're
talking
about
august
14th.
So
maybe
not.
Everybody
knows
that
the
british
army
got
to
the
bennington
area
just
outside
of
bennington
in
new
york
on
the
14th,
and
this
location
is
in
north
hoosick
new
york
and
it's
called
the
sandcoit
mill,
and
that
picture
is
showing
the
road
where
that
sand
quake
mill
was.
The
bridge
is
just
to
the
right
and
there's
a
culvert
there's
a
culverted
stream.
D
It's
going
over
under
the
road
right
there,
so
that
skirmish
would
have
happened
between
the
two
houses
in
the
picture
right
there.
So,
on
the
four
on
the
13th
john
stark
hearing
that
there
was
a
group
of
invaders
on
the
road
sent
200
men
under
colonel
greg
to
take
post
at
the
san
quay
mill
and
on
the
morning
of
the
14th,
the
advanced
party
of
the
british
army,
the
the
tories
and
the
indians
had
a
skirmish
with
greg's
men
at
this
mill.
D
And
the
story
in
the
storybooks
is
that
the
americans
pulled
up
the
planks
to
the
bridge
and
that
delayed
the
british
army.
But
at
the
same
time,
the
british
army,
at
this
mill
were
able
to
achieve
some
of
their
objectives
because
they
need
supplies.
They're
able
to
get
78
barrels
of
flour
and
some
other
supplies
at
this
mill.
D
The
reason
why
the
battle
of
bennington
happened
in
new
york
state
you
can
change
the
slide.
John,
is
because
of
the
continental
storehouse.
So
in
bennington
we
had
what
would
be
like
a
business,
a
militia
supply
business
that
is
supplying
our
troops
in
the
field
supplying
the
green
mountain
boys
they're
a
little
bit
more
now:
independence
and
fort
ticonderoga.
D
Those
supplies
are
coming
from
bennington
for
the
most
part,
and
when
the
british
army
attacked
the
colonies,
the
continental
army
sent
over
some
agents
to
bennington
to
create
another
layer
of
that
supply
business
that
would
be
called
the
continental
storehouse.
So
this
is
what
the
british
army
is
trying
to
to
capture
in
bennington
is
capture
our
supplies.
B
D
Vermont
government
is
ordering
themselves
they're
saying,
come
south,
do
not
give
aid
to
the
enemy,
bring
your
belongings
and
your
livestock.
So
this
stuff,
all
these
people
and
these
supplies
are
going
to
all
be
congregating
in
bennington,
and
this
continental
storehouse
really
is
about
the
mills
and
the
farms
around
the
bennington
area.
So
that's
why
they're
trying
to
keep
the
british
out
of
town.
D
So
there
was
a
skirmish
at
that
first
bridge
and
the
americans
delayed
them
by
pulling
up
the
planks,
then
they
retreated
to
another
bridge,
and
this
second
bridge
is
going
to
be
sort
of
the
center
of
the
location
of
the
battle
of
bennington.
We
call
that
the
wilcox
bridge
so
on
the
14th,
we're
still
on
the
14th
two
days
before
the
battle
at
the
skirmish,
the
americans,
according
to
john
stark,
killed
30
of
the
enemy
along
with
two
of
their
enemy,
the
indian
chiefs.
D
So
the
americans
had
been
sort
of
pushed
back
from
the
bridge,
but
they
stopped
this
invasion
from
heading
towards
benetton.
The
americans
used
this
house
called
the
widow
whipple's
house,
not
that
house,
but
an
earlier
house
in
the
same
location,
and
there
were
seven
haystacks
in
the
area
that
were
also
used
by
the
americans
to
slow
this
british
defensive.
D
So
bomb
was
outnumbered
and
he
sends
for
reinforcements.
So
this
area
right
here
is
the
entrance
to
the
bennington
battlefield
park
and
it's
probably
around
that
location
that
bomb
had
his
headquarters
and
his
hq
tent
and
where
he
could
see
most
of
the
battlefield
and
probably
where
he
wrote
his
letter.
So
on
the
14th,
colonel
friedrich,
baum
said:
half
a
mile
away
behind
a
height
there's,
1900
americans
and
at
times
they're
building
some
works.
So
you
can
see
that
he
was
stopped.
D
His
1200
men
declined
to
attack
the
americans
that
day
and
they
started
to
dig
in
and
they
sent
for
reinforcements.
So
that's
the
battle
of
bennington.
The
irony
of
the
battle
of
bennington
is
that
the
british
army
that
was
sent
to
attack
bennington
to
take
the
supplies
didn't
bring
enough
men
and
they
were
stopped
and
they
dug
in
so
the
battle
of
bennington.
Is
the
americans
attacking
the
enemy
just
outside
of
town?
D
So
the
americans
are
attacking
the
british
who
are
invading
next
slide,
so
stark
realizing
the
enemy
had
the
better
position
there
at
the
bridge,
withdrew
just
inside
the
vermont
border
and
put
his
camp
on
what
we
call
harrington
hill
in
bennington
and
when
he,
when
he
attacked
on
the
16th.
There's
a
famous
quote:
that's
written
on
this
marker
here.
It
says
there
are
the
red
coats
and
there
are
hours
or
this
night
molly
stark
sleeps,
a
widow.
D
Next
slide,
so
we're
going
to
jump
right
into
the
battle
of
bennington
itself
now.
So
there
was
a
rainy
day
between
that
14th,
the
the
14th
when
they
stopped
the
americans
in
the
16th,
when
the
battle
happened,
so
the
americans
being
very
prudent
and
their
main
weapon
being
musk
agreed,
wouldn't
attack
on
a
rainy
day,
but
that
may
have
helped
them
to
design
their
attack
plan
because
they
had
a
very
good
attack
plan
for
the
16th.
So
I'm
going
to
talk
about
a
couple
of
things
here.
D
There
was
a
location
on
the
battlefield
because
we're
talking
about
mysteries
that
start
used,
and
it
was
only
about
half
a
mile
away
from
the
the
two
british
cannons
they
brought.
They
brought
three
pound
cannon
and
those
three
pounder
cannon
had
blown
up
with
a
whipple's
house.
I
showed
you
that
picture
and
they
were
also
firing
at
this
place
called
starks
hill.
So
there's
a
quote
by
thomas
mellon
that
says
john
stark
was
parading.
D
His
men
around
and
around
a
circular
hill
within
view
and
cannon
shot
of
the
enemy
and
the
the
cannons
were
roaring
against
the
hill,
and
this
was
a
this.
Was
lessening
the
fear
of
the
soldiers
of
the
great
guns,
but
also
what
he's
doing
is
he's
distracting
the
enemy
from
this
double
pincer
envelopment
encirclement?
That
is
his.
That
is
his
attack
plan.
D
So
here's
our
most
famous
map
of
the
bennington
battlefield
done
by
a
english
lieutenant
lieutenant
durnford,
who
was
captured
at
the
battle
of
bennington
and
what
it's
showing
is
those
breast
works,
the
the
lines
where
the
british
had
dug
in
here's?
What
the
tories
had
dug
in
here
was
that
bridge
that
I
said
that
the
americans
stopped
them
at
and
the
enemy
had
taken
the
houses
on
both
sides
of
the
bridge,
and
this
is
what
we
all
call
the
hessian
hill.
So
that's
really.
D
The
focus
of
the
battle
of
bennington
is
that
there
was
a
dismounted
cavalry
unit.
They
posted
themselves
up
high
on
this
hill,
and
that
was
really
the
object
of
the
americans
attack
and
what
most
people
remember
about
the
battle
of
bennington
and
that's
where
the
bennington
battlefield
state
historic
site
is
so
here
you
can
see
the
americans
attacking
those
fixed
positions
and
there
could
be
large
arrows
that
are
showing
the
americans
taking
long
marches
to
go
around
the
rear
of
the
enemy
positions.
So
some
maps
show
the
encirclement
using
some
arrows.
D
D
That's
the
americans
attacking
the
the
the
prominent
hill
and
what
they
had
really
done
was
sent
overwhelming
numbers
to
the
top
of
that
hill.
It
sort
of
attacked
the
top
of
the
hill
like
two
to
one
and
overwhelmed
the
top
of
that.
So
here's
just
another
version
of
me
of
using
a
google
map
to
show
all
these
very
interesting
positions
around
the
battlefield
that
not,
as
many
people
are
interested
in
as
I
am
so
on
the
14th.
D
When
john
stark
stopped
the
british,
he
had
the
whole
brigade
set
up
on
this
ridge,
which
was
quite
a
bit
away
from
that
bridge
position.
But
there's
a
lot
of
people
that
remembered
the
brigade
being
formed
up
there
and
I
guess
once
again
in
the
upper
right.
You
can
see
that
there
was
the
indians
were
posted
out
in
advance
of
that
hessian
hill
and
was
part
of
the
defense
of
the
hessians
on
that
hill,
so
that
the
hessians
would
have
been
defended
by
the
indians
before
the
americans
had
attacked
the
hessians.
D
On
top
of
that,
and
here
is
more
of
our
mysteries
of
the
bennington
battlefield.
So
that's
just
a
diagram
at
the
top
of
the
hill
hessian
hill.
Once
again
and
when
I
started
working
at
the
bennington
battlefield
five
years
ago,
there's
absolutely
nobody
that's
going
to
tell
you
where
the
actual
breast
works
were
on
the
top
of
the
hill.
On
the
top
of
that
hill,
there
was
a
220
yard,
long
log
breast
works.
D
D
And
so
it's
the
other
thing
just
because
I
have
a
wonderful
audience
here
is
that
when
people
would
get
to
the
bennington
battlefield
in
the
top
of
that
hill,
they
wouldn't
look
in
this
direction.
From
once
the
attack
came,
they
would
look
in
the
opposite
direction
towards
bennington
and
look
for
the
monument,
so
I
feel
like
now.
People
are
oriented
towards
looking
for
the
battle
locations.
D
Go
back
to
the
last
slide,
so
bennington
is
actually
down
in
this
direction
and
when
they
built
the
park,
all
these
trees
were
not
there.
It
was.
It
was
a
farm
field
up
there,
and
so
the
park
actually
included
this
wonderful
view
of
the
the
monument
and
so
as
it
sort
of
disappeared
in
the
last
generation.
D
Into
some
action
here
so
back
at
that
top
of
the
hill,
the
dismounted
german
cavalry,
then
they
were
the
foes
and
there's
a
picture
of
that
log
wall
that
I
described
that
we
had
just
rebuilt
and
there's
some
signs
corresponding
to
the
attacks
there,
where
new,
hampshire
nickels
that
sign,
that's
where
they
attacked
and
there's
also
a
sign
for
the
herrick's
rangers,
the
vermont
troops,
where
they
attacked.
As
you
know,.
D
So
the
natives,
the
100
kanawake
mohawk
indians,
retreated
before
the
battle
happened,
so
realizing
they
were
being
encircled.
Remember
I
was
trying
to
explain
that
there
was
an
encirclement
and
the
overwhelming
number
of
men
set
there.
They
realize
that
they're
in
trouble
and
the
story
is
that
they
retreated
from
the
battlefield
area
and
took
some
of
their
horses
that
were
already
loaded
with
baggage
and
left
for
canada
directly
from
the
battlefield,
but
my
research
and
some
of
us
have
figured
out
that
some
of
the
indians
actually
went
and
tried
to
hasten
those
reinforcements.
D
Okay,
so
here's
the
big
attack
on
the
top
of
the
hill.
So
when
the
when
the
indians
had
retreated
from
the
top
of
the
hill,
the
germans
have
two
three
pounder
cannon
with
them,
and
these
are
very
small
mobile.
You
know
lightweight
cannons
and
they
can
respond
to
battlefield
action.
So
what
actually
happened
was
one
of
those
two
cannons
that
were
down
at
the
bridge
was
quickly
brought
up
to
the
top
of
this
hill
to
help
replace
the
loss
that
the
germans
had
of
their
indian
helpers.
D
So
the
americans
assaulted
the
cap,
the
cavalry
in
their
one
cannon
on
this
hilltop.
There
was
probably
just
a
few
volleys
fired.
Americans
are
firing
behind
trees,
they're
slowly
sneaking
up
on
the
germans.
The
germans
are
armed
with
carbines,
so
carbines
are
short
muskets,
so
they're
not
going
to
have
quite
the
length
or
the
accuracy
of
the
american
muskets.
D
So
meanwhile,
down
at
that
bridge
that
I
was
talking
about
john
stark
and
and
the
old
men
and
boys
attacked
across
the
river
against
that
second
cannon
by
beardsley's
house.
So
here
is
the
first
time
in
the
revolutionary
war
that
american
patriots
are
attacking
point-blank,
fixed
artillery
positions,
and
this
painting
is
great.
So
it
shows
john
stark
rushing
right
against
a
cannon.
Now
the
cannon
seems
to
be
defended
by
redcoats.
There
were
50
british
redcoats
at
the
battle
of
bennington
and
they
were
at
the
bridge
position.
D
None
of
them
returned
to
the
british
army
except
their
commander.
They
were
all
wiped
out,
but
the
british
cavalrymen
at
the
battle
of
anything
were
germans.
So
I
just
thought
I'd
point
that
out
so
meanwhile,
the
tories
who
were
up
in
their
own
position
just
across
the
bridge
were
attacked
and
their
position
was
spoiled
because
colonel
stafford
from
massachusetts
found
a
little
ravine
and
he
popped
up
with
50
men
behind
the
tory
readouts
position
and
that
caused
the
tories
to
only
get
off
a
couple
of
shots
fired
at
the
battle
of
bennington.
D
This
painting
is
not
of
one
of
the
tories.
The
tories
didn't
have
uniforms
and
the
tories
weren't
all
armed.
So
at
the
battle
of
bennington
there
was
300
loyalist
americans
or
what
we
call
tories.
Many
of
them
were
there
to
help
with
the
1400
horses
the
british
had
hoped
to
get
from
southern
vermont
and
the
hundreds
of
beef
cattle
and
to
drive
all
that
stuff
back
to
the
british
army.
They
didn't.
D
D
Here's,
a
great
painting
by
don
trioney,
it's
very
new
and
it
shows
colonel
bong
with
a
sword
there,
giving
the
orders
to
the
hessian
brigade
or
the
brunswick
brigade,
sorry
about
that,
to
put
away
their
carbines
and
to
use
their
saber
swords
to
cut
through
the
americans.
So
things
are
getting
desperate
and
they
don't
have
time
to
to
volley
fire
anymore
they're
about
to
be
captured,
and
we
know
from
some
of
the
first-hand
accounts
that
this
is
what
happened.
D
So
you
see,
colonel
bomb
is
issuing
the
order,
while
his
drummer
beats
a
certain
drumbeat
that
actually
tells
all
the
men
far
and
wide
what
to
do.
Go
ahead,
put
down
your
guns
and
break
out
your
swords,
and
we
think
it's
at
this
moment,
perhaps
when
bomb
identified
himself
as
the
leader.
By
giving
this
order,
the
bomb
was
actually
shot.
D
D
The
yankers
were
just
hunters
and
they
were
riflemen
and
they
had
short
barreled
rifles,
yup,
okay,
next
lap,
so
stark
captured,
700
out
of
1200
soldiers
in
the
first
battle
out
in
the
fields
behind
the
beardsley
house.
So
the
maps
of
the
battle
of
bennington,
like
that
one
over
there
shows
where
the
brigade
was
captured
behind
the
beardsley
house.
I
think
it
actually
required
the
wolfsack
river
to
capture
this
german
brigade.
I
think
they
just
kept
retreating
and
retreating
and
the
americans
were
surrounding
them.
D
D
So
less
than
an
hour
later,
after
they've
captured
the
two
cannon
and
700
out
of
1200
men
and
they're
dealing
with
all
these
prisoners
and
they're
trying
to
bring
them
back
to
bennington,
they
hear
the
sounds
of
two
more
cannon
down
the
road.
They
hear
the
sounds
of
another
german
brigade,
they
hear
lutheran
hymns
and
they
hear
the
sounds
of
the
drummers
beating
away.
The
second
brigade
had
14
drummers.
D
The
first
brigade
only
had
seven
drummers,
so
imagine
the
racket
that
this
reinforcement
group
is
actually
intently
trying
to
make
so
that
they
can
have
less
resistance
as
they
enter
this
battlefield
area
here,
certainly
stragglers
from
the
first
battle
and
said:
hey
everybody's,
getting
captured
down
the
road.
You
need
to
push
forward
and
change
this
battle.
Perhaps
we
can
still
win
this
thing,
so
the
americans,
at
the
same
time
they
had.
D
I
think
I
forgot
to
tell
you
that
the
americans
had
2
000
men
at
the
battle
of
bennington
at
the
first
engagement
while
the
enemy
had
1200
men.
So
that's
why
they
won.
They
had
quite
a
few
more
so
I
would
say,
because
I'm
the
only
one
that's
been
putting
these
sort
of
facts
together
that
maybe
a
thousand
of
the
americans
didn't
even
fight
in
that
second
engagement
for
all
sorts
of
reasons.
Many
of
the
reasons
being
they
had
700
germans
or
prisoners
to
march
towards
back
towards
benefit.
D
So
this
is
where
the
second
of
engagement
happens.
So
there's
a
marker
and
you
see
that
little
turn
on
the
road
there,
where
that
marker
is
there's
actually
a
hill
and
a
ridge
top
that
helped
to
stop
the
the
germans
coming
down
that
road.
So
a
natural,
a
defensive
position
that
some
of
us
call
the
rock
ridge-
and
it
says
on
that
marker
there
that
that's
where
seth
martyrs,
seth
warner's
men
came
into
the
action.
So
seth
warner
was
at
the
battle
of
bennington.
D
He
was
in
bennington
with
john
stark
at
the
catamount
tavern,
helping
everybody
organize
the
battle
and
to
design
the
attack
plan
that
day,
but
his
men
were
still
actually
marching
down
from
from
manchester.
So
some
histories,
the
battle
of
bennington.
I
don't
tell
the
seth
warner
story
quite
right,
so
his
reinforcements
showed
up
in
time
to
be
the
some
of
the
first
men
in
the
field
for
the
second
engagement
of
the
matter
with
bennington.
D
D
So,
basically,
the
americans
were
here's,
a
here's,
a
painting
of
the
hess
now
cannoners
and
in
the
second
battle
they
had
two
six
pound
cannon
and
the
first
battle.
They
had
three
pound
cannon
next
slide,
so
the
americans
were
trading
ground
for
time,
so
they're,
probably
just
retreating.
You
know
farm
field,
the
farm
field,
letting
the
germans
move
towards
the
battlefield
while
they
were
organizing
themselves
and
bringing
up
more
men
and
a
final
stand
would
occur
near
this
house.
D
Mr
clark,
who
lived
on
that
farm
there
had
found
quite
a
few
six-pound
cannonballs
on
his
farm.
So
it
would
be
really
great
if
we
could
find
them
today
through
today's
archaeological
methods.
But
it's
been
proved
in
the
past
that
this
his
house
was
the
location
of
the
final
stand
of
the
vet
of
the
battle
of
bennington
one
more
slide.
So
after
it's
successfully
advancing.
So
the
germans
really
did
push
the
americans
out
of
the
way
for
almost
two
miles
before
the
americans
got
enough
troops
in
the
field
to
stop
them.
D
So
let
me
throw
some
numbers
at
you
here,
so
650
german
reinforcements
themselves
may
be
only
reinforced
by
a
hundred
men
from
that
first
battle,
end
up
fighting
the
americans
to
a
standoff,
and
the
americans
probably
only
put
about
a
thousand
men
in
the
field,
so
850
versus
a
thousand.
Those
are
my
numbers
and
like
this
painting.
This
is
actually
not
a
painting
of
the
battle
event,
and
some
of
these
paintings
are
not
of
the
battle
of
men.
D
Forest
in
the
woods,
so
I
sort
of
like
this
painting
for
that
and
it
shows
the
band
sort
of
fighting
towards
darkness.
Okay,
so
here's
the
fun
part
about
the
battle
of
bennington.
Why
were
the
was
braven
the
reinforcement
group
late
to
come
to
the
to
the
to
aid
of
colonel
bong
because
he
was
he
was
late
by
about
an
hour.
So
the
first
thing
that
the
storybooks
talk
about
is
how
colonel
braymond
had
formed
up
his
men
and
and
disciplined
them
on
the
march
and
had
kept
order.
D
Considering
the
fact
that
he's
trying
to
save
somebody
in
the
wilderness
for
being
defeated
in
battle,
they
actually
left
very
late.
So
colonel
baum,
the
the
fir
the
guy
in
the
first
battle
he
had
left
on
at
five
o'clock
in
the
morning,
but
colonel
bremen
didn't
leave
until
nine
o'clock.
But
the
orders
had
gotten
the
night
before
got
into
the
camp
the
night
before.
D
Well,
it
doesn't
seem
that
the
german
and
the
english
general
were
getting
along
and
the
german
general
had
some
animosities
about
how
his
troops
were
being
used
in
this
engagement.
So
some
people
will
point
to
that,
but
my
research
has
also
pointed
out,
if
you
didn't
know
that
german
general
reedus
hill's
wife,
frederick
baron,
frederick
von
riedel,
had
actually
showed
up
that
very
same
day
at
the
british
camp.
So.
B
D
You
imagine
addict
adjutant
o'connell,
going
to
the
german
general's
tent
late
at
night,
saying
we
need
to
fill
out
some
orders
so
that
the
troops
can
march
in
the
morning
morning
and
friedrich,
rita's
soul
saying
well,
maybe
I'm
a
little
busy
right
now
with
my
wife
and
children,
so
one
factor
for
burboy
and
dingley,
I
mean
brandon
being
late.
Bremen
said
that
he
did
not
hear
the
sounds
of
the
first
battle.
So
this
is
part
of
the
confusion.
D
So
all
this
cannon
fire
all
thousands
of
troops
he
gets
within
two
miles
away
to
that
bridge.
He
says
I
couldn't
hear
you
know
the
the
troops
and-
and
I
didn't
know
that
I
needed
to
move
any
faster
at
that
point.
So
if
you
all
do
study
the
stories
of
the
battle
of
bennington,
it
is
very
interesting
why
bremen
doesn't
show
up
on
time.
D
D
So
450
captured
soldiers
were
in
bennington
by
nightfall,
so
the
council
of
safety
in
bennington
says
at
six
o'clock,
the
450
troops
have
just
arrived
in
town
and
according
to
most
of
the
sources,
the
battle
of
benjamin
the
battle
began
precisely
at
three
o'clock.
So
within
three
hours
they
have
a
battle,
they
capture
hundreds
of
men
and
they
march
them
eight
miles
into
old
bennington.
So
that's
gives
you
an
idea
how
quick
that
at
least
that
first
engagement
happened.
D
D
D
This
painting
shows
some
indians
right
there
in
the
center,
so
many
people
said:
did
the
patriots
have
indians
at
the
battle
of
bennington?
Well,
we've
never
really
figured
that
out
until
recently,
so
they
did
not
have
any
indians
at
the
battle
of
bennington
some
of
the
stockbridge
mohawk.
I
mean
mexican
indian
sorry
about
that
marched
and
got
two
got
to
the
battlefield
too
late.
D
So
quite
a
few
troops
marched
to
many
battles
and
and
got
to
those
battles
late,
so
the
indians
would
have
helped
with
the
prisoners,
so
the
soldiers
who
died
of
their
wounds
after
the
battle
are
buried
in
old
bennington.
So
in
ben
old
benjamin
of
course,
they
would
have
had
a
hospital
and
that
hospital
would
have
continued
through
the
battles
of
saratoga
wounded
from
the
battles
of
men
from
the
mountains
of
saratoga
were
sent
to
bennington
for
care.
D
D
So
here's
one
of
the
main
questions
about
the
battle
of
bennington
was
ethan
allen
at
the
battle
of
bennington.
Well,
he
had
actually
been
captured
a
couple
of
months
after
he
took
fort
ticonderoga
in
75
and
he
returned
from
captivity
to
bennington
in
the
spring
of
78.
So
he
was
not
at
the
battle.
He
was
in
captivity
by
the
british
and
he
wrote
two
of
the
top
five
books
of
the
revolutionary
war
period.
D
D
So
the
continental
storehouse,
that
was
the
object
of
the
british
attack,
that's
what
the
bennington
battle
monument
marks
and
you
can
see
on
this
little
diagram
here
that
actually
there
had
been
a
further
marker,
noting
quite
precisely
where
that
storehouse
had
been
the
storehouse
was
started
by
john
fassett.
He
was
the
millis
militia
leader
on
the
captain
and
the
militia,
so
he
also
seems
to
have
been
the
commissary
for
their
supply
efforts
the
if
you've
been
to
bennington.
D
This
is
monument
avenue
and
monument
avenue
used
to
you
know
just
carry
right
through
where
the
monument
is
now.
That's,
that's
that
was
route
7
back
in
the
day,
so
they
removed
they
discontinued
the
road
when
they
built
the
monument
and
created
that
circle.
But
the
road
going
through
the
monument
circle
area
would
have
been
lined
by
houses,
was
the
parade
grounds
for
the
troops
in
the
revolutionary
war?
So
that's
where
they
would
muster,
and
that's
where
they
would
train
is
also
was
also
here
in
old
bennington.
So.
D
D
Okay,
so
we're
we're.
We
were
done
with
the
battle
of
bennington
and
we're
still
mopping
up
some
of
our
stories
of
the
battle
of
bennington.
So
it's
ira
allen
who
requested
the
help
from
other
states
not
just
new
hampshire
and
that's
what
resulted
in
john
stark
and
1500
new
hampshire
men
being
sent
to
to
bennington
and
that's
what
stopped
the
british.
So
the
british
were
sent
to
bennington
thinking
that
three
or
four
hundred
men
were
defending
this
continental
storehouse,
no
problem,
let's
send
1200
men
and
we'll
take
that
thing.
D
Well,
they
didn't
realize
until
they
got
to
the
battlefield
area.
I'd
explained
that
to
you
that
there
was
1900
men
there
instead
and
the
difference
was
was
john's
daughter.
So
there's
the
ira
allen
house
in
sunderland,
vermont,
surely
irene
would
have
visited
his
house
as
he
retreated
himself
from
the
british
invasion
and
went
down
to
bennington
and
there's
the
marker
in
charleston
new
hampshire,
for
the
for
john
stark's
expedition
to
bennington.
D
Okay,
here's
a
painting
of
colonel
bomb
on
his
way
to
bennington
he's
actually
at
the
house,
that's
famous
in
bennington,
because
it's
painted
by
grandma
moses
as
the
checkered
house,
if
you've
ever
seen,
that
checkered
house
painting
exactly
the
same
house
that
colonel
baum
had
used
for
his
headquarters
when
he
was
in
cambridge
on
his
way
to
bennington,
and
it
seems
like
some
sort
of
irony.
But
I
think
that
the
germans
did
like
sauerkraut
and
such
things
and
we
have
jerk.
D
We
have
the
commander
standing
in
the
cashbacks
and
it's
really
neat
to
do
the
what
we
call
the
bomb
trail.
So
colonel
bomb
left
from
fort
miller
on
the
10th
to
to
attack,
bennington
and
there's,
I
think,
maybe
eight
markers
along
the
way
for
the
various
campsites
that
he
had.
There
was
one
day
that
got
spoiled.
They
thought
they
were
going
to
be
attacked
and
bomb
ran
up
onto
a
hillside.
D
Okay,
so
bomb
was
sent
to
bennington
and
these
are
some
of
his
orders
and
I
think
they
helped
to
explain
what's
going
on
here,
so
here's
don
troiani's
painting
of
british
general
johnny,
burgoyne
and
johnny
burgoyne
issued
a
manifesto
to
the
inhabitants.
He
basically
threatens
the
inhabitants
of
north
america.
D
I
have
but
to
give
stretch
to
the
indian
forces
under
my
direction
and
they
amount
to
thousands
to
overtake
the
hardened
enemies
of
great
america
of
great
britain
and
america.
I
consider
the
same
wherever
they
lurk
so,
unlike
general
howe
in
the
middle
colonies
down
in
new
york
and
new
jersey
who
didn't
use
the
the
native
americans,
it
was
this
particular
army's
desire
to
use
native
americans
against
the
colonies.
D
The
object
of
your
expedition
is
to
mount
raid
redaisians
to
dragoons.
So
not
only
did
they
not
have
horses
for
their
cavalry
men,
but
german
general
redazel
was
actually
a
cavalry
officer,
and
so
is
john
bernoy,
so
the
history
books
might
discount
whether
or
not
the
british
needed
a
cavalry
on
this
campaign
in
the
southern
campaign.
We
know
about
general
dope.
We
know
about
vanessa.
Tarleton's
loyalist
cavalry
was
very
effective.
So
I
think
if
the
british
had
a
mounted
cavalry
unit
that
cavalry
in
itself
could
have
taken
bennington.
D
D
So
this
is
a
painting
of
the
the
bottom
house
in
shaftsbury.
The
object
of
your
expedition
is
to
complete
peter's
loyalist
corps.
So
john
peters
was
from
northern
vermont.
He
was
from
french
somewhere
around
newbury
and
he
had
his
own
core
of
loyals
and
they
were
at
the
battle
of
bennington,
but
they
weren't
completed,
and
so
they
were
trying
to
recruit
more
men
for
his
core.
One
of
the
most
famous
loyalists
in
the
revolutionary
war
in
vermont
is
justice:
sherwin
justice,
sherwood's,
wife.
D
D
The
attack
on
bennington
thinking
that
bennington
was
defended
by
three
or
four
hundred
men,
but
john
stark
had
been
in
bennington
and
he
already
marched
down
that
road
and
was
already
invented.
So
what
a
mark?
How
does
it
happen
that
justice
sherwood
is
credited
with
the
intelligence
for
the
battle
of
bennington,
which
was
wrong
and
he
actually
went
there
on
the
13th
and
the
people
who
are
living
in
that
very
house
must
have
seen.
John
stark's
brigade
marked
down
that
very
road
several
days
before,
so
we
would
have
some
pretty
good
patriots
in
this
area.
D
Your
parties
are
likewise
to
bring
in
wagons
and
other
convenient
carriages
with
this
many
drag
locks.
This
part
of
this
building
right
here
is
the
benjamin
fey
carriage
shop
and
that
was
probably
located
somewhere
on
monument
circle
and
relocated
to
that
area
there.
So
the
british
were
looking
for
quite
a
few
horses
and
they
were
looking
for
the
saddles
and
the
bridles
and
all
the
things
that
went
along
with
them.
D
The
object
of
your
expedition
is
to
obtain
large
supplies
of
cattle
and
horses.
Well,
I
haven't
quite
finished
this
research
yet,
but
stephen
hopkins
is
one
of
the
providers
of
cattle
to
the
continental
storehouse
and
it
turns
out
that
there
is
a
hopkins
in
bennington
that
had
a
large
stretch
of
land
that
is
known
as
a
as
a
one
of
our
early
cattle
farms
and
still
a
local
area.
D
The
object
of
your
expedition
is
to
dis
concern
the
councils
of
the
enemy.
So,
if
you
people
don't
know,
this
is
the
catamount
tavern
in
bennington
also
sometimes
called
the
green
mountain
tavern,
it's
the
fey
tavern.
So
originally
it's
it's
jonas
phase,
tavern
stephen
fades
steven
phase
tavern
and
now
there's
a
bronze
catamount
in
front
of
this
tavern
and
the
bronze
catamount
has
to
do
with
the
controversy
between
new
hampshire
and
vermont
and
atlanta,
new
hampshire
and
new
york
over
the
land
that
became
vermont
and
the
catamount
symbolizes,
the
vermonters
resistance
to
new
york.
D
D
D
C
D
The
object
of
your
expedition
is
to
try
the
affections
of
the
country
so
once
again
we're
just
talking
about
the
loyalists
and
I'm
showing
some
of
the
mills
in
north
bennington
next
slide
and
those
millstones
right.
There
were
from
havlin's
mill,
so
joseph
haviland
was
a
tory
in
a
month
before
the
battle
of
bennington.
He
went
over
to
the
british
and
he
said
to
the
british.
I
will
supply
you
with
x,
y
and
z,
when
you
get
to
bennington
when
he
got
back
to
bennington.
D
He
was
he
was
arrested
by
our
committee
of
safety,
but
those
are
the
mill
stones
for
the
the
mill
that
once
stood
in
that
very
same
location
and
the
millstones
ground.
The
grain
specifically
for
seth
warner's
troops,
seth
warner's
troops
that
fought
in
that
second
battle,
came
through
bennington
and
camp
near
that
mill
and
were
fed
at
that
mill
that
day.
D
D
The
second
is
october:
7th,
okay,
so
they
lost
the
time
because
they
had
to
gather
the
supplies
they
needed
to
move
forward
in
other
ways,
so
they
lost
their
initiative
as
well
at
that
time
and
they
also
lost
the
best
battleground
between
albany
and
canada,
which
is
where
the
americans
set
up,
which
was
bemus
heights.
The
americans
set
up
their
canon
battery
in
a
position
that
was
better
than
fort
ticonderoga
or
mount
defiance
and
that's
bemus
heights.
D
So
the
british
don't
even
attack
down
the
road
along
the
river,
because
that
can
canada
prevented
them
from
from
doing
so.
The
the
loss
of
time
that
the
battle
of
bennington
created
gave
the
americans
time
to
get
more
troops
in
the
battle
on
the
battlefield.
So
I
told
you
at
four
ticonderoga:
it's
8
000
versus
3
500.
Well,
it
worked
out
better
in
the
end
for
the
americans,
because
at
the
battles
of
saratoga
they
have
equal
numbers
and
they're
going
to
win
these
battles.
D
D
That's
when
france
entered
the
revolutionary
war
on
our
side
and
it
went
from
being
a
civil
war
or
revolutionary
war
to
being
a
world
war,
because
we
all,
we
would
also
have
aid
from
holland
and
spain
and
the
revolutionary
war
returned
for
the
most
part
to
the
southern
colonies.
The
major
battles
in
the
north
were
were
won.
It
was
all
over
because
of
the
battles
of
bennington
and
saratoga.
B
D
So
that's
why
they
were
a
little
reckless
with
their
coordination
because
they
had
general
howe
that
could
have
come
up
and
helped
at
albany.
They
they
figured
that
wasn't
needed.
So
in
the
revolutionary
war
there
was
a
in
the
middle
colonies.
How
had
taken
new
york
city,
new
jersey
and
then
went
and
took
philadelphia
that
summer,
instead
of
heading
north,
to
perhaps
help
burgoyne
on
this
campaign,
because
he
didn't
think
berlin
was
going
to
need
it.
F
I
learned
about
your
perspective.
At
the
beginning,
we
heard
what
we
offered
that
the
british
army
was
the
most
powerful
best
army
in
the
world
against
this
militia.
All
these
mistakes
were
made.
You
know
they
didn't
have
enough
proofs.
The
they've
done
the
right
rifle.
They
didn't
have
horses,
their
intelligence
was
faulty.
Do
you
have
a
perspective
on
how
they
all
just
happened,
that
that.
B
F
D
D
So
so
the
the
surprise
was
lost
and
the
commander
in
76
was
carlton
and
when
they
appointed
for
going
to
be
the
commander
of
the
next
year,
not
everybody
liked
that
so
carlton
didn't
really
didn't
help
for
going's
invasion
as
much
as
he
could
have,
and
also
the
german
general
rie
daiso,
you
might
say,
was
more
of
a
carlton
person
than
a
burgoyne
person.
So
there
was
some
issues
there.
A
D
Okay,
so
one
more
thing:
there
was
a
gentleman
named
phillips
keane
who's,
the
commissary
on
the
on
the
attack
to
bennington,
and
he
he's
the
person
behind
skeinsboro
or
today's
white
house.
Okay,
he
was
telling
burgoyne
and
the
british,
because
he
was
actually
over
in
britain
meeting
with
the
king,
everything
the
king
needed
to
know,
which
was
faulty
information,
that
there
was
more
loyalists
in
this
area
and
that
they
would
all
they're
all
just
wanted
the
king
to
show
up
before
they'd,
say:
yeah,
we're
not
into
this
patriot
thing
anymore.
D
B
C
D
C
D
Yeah,
the
british
troops
are
more
valuable,
so,
as
the
british,
as
the
british
army
marches
south
from
canada,
the
right
wing
of
the
british
army
is
the
british
troops.
The
left
wing
of
the
army
is
the
german
troops,
so
everything
that
occurs
on
the
left
is
for
the
germans
to
take
care
of
anything
that
would
happen
on
the
right
would
be
for
the
british
to
take
care
of.
So
that's
one
reason
why
the
germans
were
sent.
C
D
Important
object
for
the
british
that
was
in
their
way
for
the
british
to
get
to
albany
was
fort
ticonderoga
and
after
we're
going
took
fort
ticonderoga
in
77,
and
when
king
george
got
word
of
the
defeat
he
said,
I
have
beat
them.
I
beat
all
the
americans,
that's
how
important
ticonderoga
was
and
then
on
the
american
side.
They
were
so
upset
that
the
americans
didn't
have
a
battle
before
ticonderoga.
A
A
A
Somebody
I
was
talking
to
about
that
earlier.
They
said
that
they
were
very
interested
in
in
getting
a
copy
of
reason.
The
only
horrible
man
that
is
a
difficult
book
to
read
it's
kind
of
the
logic
is
a
little
circuitous,
but
it
is
definitely
worth
reading.
We
have
a
little.
I
guess
it's
like
a
14-page
booklet
that
was
put
together
by
the
late
michael
mcknight,
who
gave
a
talk
here
back.
I
think
it
was
in
2010
and
it's
a
summary
there's
like
one
page,
for
every
chapter
of
of
the
reason
book.
A
So
if
you
want
to
read
the
reason
book
having
that
as
a
guide,
it's
a
tremendous
little
guide,
another
booklet-
you
will
not
find
on
amazon
because
we're
the
only
place
that
sells
michael's
widow's
allowed
us
to
gave
us
permission
to
keep
printing,
though
so
it's
a
great
little
resource.
If
you're
interested
in
learning
a
little
bit
about
ethan's
progressive
thinking,
apple's
100
I
mentioned,
we
had
152
talks.