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From YouTube: Pittsburgh City Council Post-Agenda - 12/5/19
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A
A
The
following
is
a
list
of
legislation
up
for
discussion
via
roundtable
by
Pittsburgh
City
Council,
an
agenda
item
at
the
request
of
councilmembers
Reverend
Burgess
and
Councilman
Daniel
Lavelle
bill
number
22,
13
resolution
establishing
the
city
of
Pittsburgh,
all
in
city's
leadership
forum,
bill
number,
22,
14
resolution
recognizing
racism
as
a
public
health
crisis
and
bill
number
22,
15
resolution
establishing
the
all-in
city's
investment
fund.
That
concludes
the
reading
of
the
legislation
up
for
discussion
via
roundtable.
B
Good
afternoon
and
welcome
to
Pittsburgh
City
Council,
we
have
tonight
this
afternoon,
'post
agenda
on
the
pittsburgh
AXA
combat
racism,
legislation,
which
is
three
bills
that
were
introduced
and
sponsored
by
Councilman
Lavelle
and
myself
and
co-sponsored
by
president
bruce
kraus.
We
are
certainly
joined
today.
I
am
Ricky,
Burgess,
I'm
joined
by
Councilman
LaBelle
and
president
Kraus
now
I
want
to
inform
everybody
today
is
a
post
agenda
meeting,
which
means
that
this
is
the
time
for
us
to
frame
the
arguments
and
have
the
discussion.
B
There
is
an
agenda
out
there
and
those
people
who
are
listed
on
the
agenda
have
been
selected
to
share
their
insight,
but
tonight
at
6:30
at
the
Ebenezer
Baptist
Church
2001,
while
the
Avenue
at
6:30,
every
single
person
who
comes
and
wishes
to
speak
will
give
and
we
be
given
an
opportunity.
Some
of
you
have
signed
up.
Those
who
have
signed
up
will
be
given
three
minutes,
and
those
of
you
have
not
signed
up
depending
on
the
Lord.
B
The
size
of
the
crowd
will
get
at
least
one
minute,
if
not
three
minutes,
and
so,
if
you
are
not,
if
you're
here-
and
you
want
to
speak
to
this
subject,
council
is
coming
to
Ebenezer
tonight
and
so
please
come
to
sign
up
the
sign-up
phone
number
by
3:30.
You
have
time.
The
sign-up
phone
number
is
four
one:
two
and
those
who
were
watching
at
home.
Four
one,
two,
two
five,
two
five,
two
one:
three:
eight
that's
4
1
2,
2,
5,
5,
2,
1,
3
8
and
you
will
be
guaranteed
3
minutes.
B
So
please
sign
up
and
you
can
go
in
the
hall
and
call
and
sign
up,
and
so
we
are
grateful
for
everyone's
participation.
We
have
a
number
of
guests,
so
the
firt
we're
going
to
do
this
in
three
sections:
we're
having
three
panels,
and
so
each
panel
will
talk
and
counsel
will
be
able
to
ask
them
questions
and
then
the
second
panel,
the
third
panel.
So
the
first
panel
will
be
government
representatives.
The
second
panel
will
be
the
University
of
Pittsburgh
researchers
and
the
third
panel
will
be
selected.
B
Community
leaders
were
also
joined
by
Councilwoman
Deborah
gross.
We're
thankful
for
her
presence,
and
so
the
first
panel,
if
they
would
please
come
forward,
is
along
with
myself-
is
majestic
Lane
Luanne
brink
from
Allegheny
County,
Health
Department
and
the
members
of
the
Pittsburgh
black
elected
officials.
I
know
Olivia
Bennett's
here,
I
send
her
the
waltons
here
and
if
you
would
come
and
take
a
seat
at
the
table,
we'd
be
grateful.
Why
you're
coming
we're
going
to
ask
Majesta
view?
B
C
B
You
very
much,
and
so
we're
going
to
Kelly.
Oh,
you
wit
me
somewhere
all
right,
they've,
gotten
high
technology
on
me
with
clickers
and
stead
of
sitting
at
the
table
right
and
doing
it
remotely
and
so
I'm
going
to
begin
to
at
least
have
an
opening
statement
about
the
legislation
and
what
we're
trying
to
suggest
today.
I
was
born
and
raised
here
in
Pittsburgh
I
spent
all
of
my
professional
life
as
a
pastor,
professor
and
politician
here
in
my
hometown.
I
was
married
here
and
have
raised
my
children
here.
B
I
am
a
Pittsburgher
through
and
through
I
believed
black
and
gold.
Yet
numerous
reports
have
documented
the
fact
that
Pittsburgh
has
a
problem
with
institutional
racism
and
it's
devastating
effects
upon
it.
Some
african-american
residents,
despite
this
fact,
I
still
love
my
city
and
I,
also
believe
of
my
heart
that
Pittsburgh
is
greater
than
racism
in
order
to
gain
greater
clarity.
First,
we
need
an
accurate
understanding
of
racism.
B
Racism
is
often
viewed
as
an
action
performed
by
individuals,
but
even
if
we
got
rid
of
all
America's
prejudiced
individuals,
racism
would
still
exist
in
the
systems
they
built.
Systemic
racism,
writer,
Jenny
Desmond
Harris,
explains
refers
to
how
racial
disparities
operate
in
major
parts
of
United
States
society,
the
economy,
politics,
education,
no,
more
racism,
in
other
words,
isn't
just
someone
using
a
racial
slur.
B
It's
also
the
poor
schooling
in
predominantly
black
and
brown
neighborhoods,
the
racial
wealth
gap,
housing
discrimination,
mass
incarceration,
police
killings
of
unarmed,
black
and
brown
people,
higher
infant
mortality
rates
for
people
of
color
and
unequal
access
to
health
care
is
becoming
apparent
that
racism
is
a
health
crisis
in
the
United
States
systemic
racism
is
embedded
in
society
and
as
a
detrimental
effect
on
the
lives
and
health
comes
of
people
of
color.
Those
who
experience
racial
discrimination
are
more
likely
to
suffer
from
chronic
diseases
and
premature
death.
B
These
health
related
issues
interact
with
and
are
reinforced
by
other
products
of
systemic
racism,
such
as
income
inequality,
educational
disparities,
housing
discrimination,
mass
incarceration,
violence,
unequal
access
to
health
care.
Racism
is
a
public
health
crisis
because
it
risks
the
health
and
well-being
of
all
citizens
and
causes
destruction
at
a
social
and
economic
level.
But
racism
is
also
killing
African
Americans
right
here
in
Pittsburgh
in
his
immediate
public
health
crisis,
America's
most
livable
city
is
also
the
least
livable
city
for
African
Americans.
B
Recently,
the
city
of
Pittsburgh
ginger
and
equity
Commission,
whose
author
we
have
with
us
today,
issued
a
report
titled
Pittsburgh's
inequality
across
gender
and
race.
According
to
its
findings,
Pittsburgh's
block
residents
could
move
to
almost
any
other
US
city
of
comparable
size
and
have
a
better
quality
of
life.
The
report
found
that
compared
to
those
in
similar
cities,
black
woman
and
pissed
face
higher
rates
of
maternal
mortality
in
poverty,
along
with
lower
rates
of
employment
and
college
readiness.
B
Black
men
face
higher
rates
of
occupational
segregation,
homicide
cancer
and
cardiovascular
disease
in
subsequent
subsequent
interviews
on
jr..
How
a
University
of
Pittsburgh
sociologist
who
worked
on
the
report
said
our
report
empirically
validated
that
Pittsburgh's
racism
is
not
only
alive
and
well,
but
more
extreme
than
most
cities.
B
Earlier
this
year,
the
city's
Pittsburgh,
the
see
of
Pittsburgh
passed
legislation
declares
the
self
and
all
in
city
department.
Heads
will
soon
not
to
submit
reports
detailing
how
their
budgetary
decisions
further
equity
within
city
government
and
an
internal
equity
implementation
team
is
being
established.
We're
over
city
council
now
has
created
and
filled
a
full
time
equity
policy
analyst
position
which
helps
to
Shepherd
this
work
throughout
the
city
government
and
also
engages
with
the
public,
including
the
oen
Pittsburgh
Coalition.
B
This
work
is
being
fast-tracked
as
the
city
is
now
receiving
training
from
gear
government,
Alliance
on
race
and
equity,
to
better
embed
racial
equity
within
city
government
operations
and
decision
making.
As
a
known
city,
we
city
council
in
the
mayor's
office,
will
continue
the
work
of
racial
justice
equity
inclusion.
We
will
continue
to
coordinate
government
activities
of
the
city
and
its
authorities
implement
the
five-point
agenda
into
equitable
development.
The
path
to
an
all
in
Pittsburgh
1
raised
the
bar
for
new
development
to
make
all
neighborhoods
healthy
communities
of
opportunity.
B
3
expand
unemployment,
employment
and
business
opportunity,
business
ownership,
opportunities
for
embed
racial
equity
throughout
Pittsburgh's
institutions
and
businesses
and
5,
build
community
power
voice
and
capacity
for
Pittsburgh
to
be
a
livable
city
for
all.
We
must
come
together
and
prioritize
racial
justice
and
racial
reconciliation.
B
Today
we
begin
this
important
conversation
about
three
additional
pieces
of
legislation
of
racial
justice
legislation,
part
of
the
all
NCS
agenda,
one
declaring
racism
as
a
public
health
crisis
in
Pittsburgh,
two
establishing
an
all
end:
city's
leadership,
Policy
Council,
to
coordinate
the
scenes
response
to
the
crisis
and
three
establishing
all
in
city's
capital
fund
to
reduce
racism,
harmful
effect
in
Pittsburgh's
african-american
communities.
In
conclusion,
it
is
clear
that
racism
is
a
public
health
crisis
in
the
United
States
and
an
immediate
and
urgent
crisis
here
in
Pittsburgh,
but
I
believe
our
country
is
greater
than
racism.
B
I
believe
our
city
is
greater
than
racism
and
I
believe
that
this
City
Council
is
greater
than
racism.
Following
the
lead
of
Milwaukee
and
Madison
Wisconsin,
we
can
become
one
of
the
first
C's
in
the
country
to
declare
racism
as
a
public
health
crisis.
So,
with
the
passage
of
the
proposed
legislation,
we
begin
to
publicly
confront
racism
as
a
public
health
crisis,
coordinate
the
city's
responses
to
the
problem
of
racism
and
commit
sufficient
resources
to
eradicate
racism.
As
Reverend
dr.
B
Martin,
Luther
King
said,
the
prescription
for
the
Cure
rests
with
an
accurate
diagnosis
of
the
disease,
and
so
first
up
our
first
panel.
We
have
government
officials,
were
you
joined
by
a
majestic
claim.
The
director
of
the
office
of
equity
see
a
Pittsburgh
Lou
Ann
brink
for
Allegheny,
County,
Health
Department
and
two
of
the
six
officials
of
the
Pittsburgh
black
elected
Fleury,
okay,
three
of
the
Pittsburgh
block
elected
official
host
coalition.
B
D
We
know
that,
even
when
you
account
for
class
and
education,
there
are
striking
disparities
in
life
expectancy
and
quality
of
life
for
black
people
in
the
city
of
Pittsburgh.
So
discussions
like
this
are
sorely
needed
in
May
of
2019
mayor
Peduto
created
the
office
of
equity,
the
fifth
in
the
country
in
order
to
work
on
issues
of
equity,
around
race
class,
gender,
sexual
orientation
and
ability,
amongst
other
issues,
our
goal
is
to
break
down
the
silos.
D
Silos
are
so
frequently
limit
our
ability
to
break
down
structural
barriers
and
provide
pathways
to
access
opportunity,
as
well
as
equal
outcomes.
We
have
become
a
member
of
gare,
which
is
the
government
Alliance
for
racial
equity
in
order
to
identify
internal
and
external
structural
barriers
to
racial
equity.
Over
a
hundred
of
our
employees
from
thirteen
departments
and
authorities,
I
have
underwent
a
two-day
training
on
racial
equity
and
government
and
how
to
identify
potential
disparities
in
decisions
around
policies
and
budgets.
D
We've
also
been
in
discussions
with
county
and
state
officials
about
how
we
can
scale
our
efforts
beyond
city,
explicit
city
responsibilities,
and
so
I
just
wanted
to
take
a
moment
to
kind
of
really
talk
about
how
we
see
this.
This
work
happening,
and
we
see
this
work
happening
in
all
components
of
city
government
right
because
we,
you
know,
we
know
that
people
don't
live
in
silos.
They
don't
live
in
isolation
and
the
challenges
that
people
have
are
not
in
isolation.
D
D
D
Those
are
things
that
sometimes
don't
come
to
bear
in
these
conversations,
but
are
examples
of
public,
explicit
public
health
challenges
that
people
are
having
this
really
cuts
to
the
core
of
what
is
happening
in
with
people's
lives
and
in
reports
they
mean
one
thing:
documents
mean
one
thing,
but
we
have
to
cut
to
the
core
of
how
are
people
living?
What
are
people
experiencing?
D
E
So
just
a
few
facts.
Racial
disparities
persist
for
many
health
outcomes
among
Allegheny
County,
including
the
city
of
Pittsburgh
residents.
Just
off
the
cuff.
Any
one
of
these
outcomes,
I,
probably
could
have
talked
about
for
an
hour,
so
I'll
be
just
doing
a
highlight,
not
unpacking
any
of
the
causes.
For
any
of
these,
we
realized
that
not
all
Allegheny
County
residents
have
an
equal
opportunity
to
live
long
and
healthy
lives
and
that
these
inequities
increase
the
risk
of
poor
health
outcomes
among
many
of
our
non-white
populations.
E
Social
determinants
of
health
are
factors
where
we
live
work
and
play
that
impact
the
health
and
well-being,
and
these
factors
encompass
what
we
need
to
live
as
healthily
as
possible.
The
following
data
reflect
racial
or
Geographic;
disparities
for
select
health
outcomes
and
social
factors,
and
again
this
is
not
a
complete
assessment.
E
So,
first
we
look
at
all
cause
mortality.
These
are
age,
adjusted
mortality
rates,
the
gray
line
at
the
top
represents
the
mortality
rate
for
black
males
from
1970
through
2017,
where
our
data
is
available
below
that
are
white.
Males
next
comes
black
females
and
finally,
white
females
have
the
lowest
all-cause
mortality
rate
median
age
at
death.
You
can
say
see
that
among
white
females
have
the
highest
age
at
death
at
84
years
in
Allegheny
County.
That
was
in
2016.
E
Next
come
white
males
at
76
than
black
females
at
age
72
at
an
average
age
at
death,
and
then
we
have
black
males
at
age
65
as
the
average
age
of
death,
the
age
adjusted
mortality
rates
by
race.
This
is
by
cause.
You
can
see
the
primary
cause
of
death
in
Allegheny
County
diseases
of
the
heart.
That
disparity
is
almost
twofold:
between
african-americans
in
our
white
population,
there's
disparities
and
many
of
these.
We
have
a
full
mortality
report
that
covers
these
even
cancer,
which
is
our
second
leading
cause
of
death.
E
There
is
a
disparity,
but
if
you
fall
down
to
the
to
the
bottom
of
the
list,
though
the
last
primary
cause
of
death,
which
is
assault
or
homicide,
we
can
see
the
racial
disparity
there.
The
orange
bar
represents
the
black
members
of
the
community,
and
the
blue
bar
represents
white
members
of
the
community.
E
E
We
have
cancer.
You
can
see
within
our
County,
where
the
rates
are
higher
than
the
county
overall
are
in
the
pink
areas
we
can
see.
Those
are
in
some
of
our
primarily
african-american
areas,
including
Homewood,
the
Hill
District,
the
Northside
and
then
in
the
Mon
Valley
adults
with
high
blood
pressure
within
the
city
of
Pittsburgh.
E
Those
those
numbers
are
between
6%
and
16%
in
just
on
Packard
a
little
bit
we'll
talk
about
some
social
factors,
median
household
income
among
the
total
population
of
Allegheny
County
that
is
56,000
among
the
black
population.
That's
just
over
30,000
percentage
living
poverty,
45%
of
black
children
are
living
in
poverty
compared
to
8.7
of
white
Joe
percent
of
white
children,
families
living
in
poverty,
that's
nearly
30%
for
the
black
population
compared
to
5%,
for
the
white
population
and
among
seniors
it's
a
less
striking
disparity,
but
still
there
over
double.
E
E
Of
eight
people
were
worried
or
stressed
about
not
having
enough
money
to
buy
nutritious
meals
among
black
respondents,
that
was
14
percent
among
white
respondents
that
was
7
percent.
They
were
stressed
about
not
being
able
to
buy
food
as
far
as
making
the
mortgage.
Nearly
a
quarter
of
our
black
population
who
answered
the
survey
were
worried
or
stressed
about
having
enough
money
to
pay
the
rent
or
mortgage
compared
to
about
12%
of
the
white
population.
E
Healthcare
access,
without
which
I
know
Reverend
Burgess,
addressed
again
dude
in
that
same
survey,
12%
of
people,
black
population
did
not
have
health
insurance
and
more
interestingly,
14
percent
of
the
black
population
said
they
couldn't
get
to
care
in
the
past
year
due
to
high
cost
and
that's
compared
to
8
percent
of
the
white
population.
Most
of
these
are
about
double
our
uninsured
adults,
and
this
is
this
is
census
data.
E
F
G
H
H
H
The
Institute
of
Politics
at
the
University
of
Pittsburgh
is
hosting
a
forum
dealing
with
mass
incarceration
and
its
impact
in
New
York
City
there
was
a
Rikers
Island
as
being
closed
at
four.
Regional
jails
are
being
established
to
address
the
inequities
that
emerge
from
Rikers
here
here
in
Allegheny
County,
we
spend
97
plus
million
dollars
a
year
on
the
Allegheny
County
Jail.
We
spent
54
million
dollars
a
year
on
this
human
center.
We
have
to
address
the
real
inequities
of
mass
incarceration.
We
have
to
issue.
H
We
have
to
really
have
a
conversation
with
the
judicial
system
on
bail,
our
locking
people
up
unreasonably
and
find
alternative
strategies
to
allow
people
to
go
to
work,
to
feed
their
families
to
maintain
jobs,
because
every
time
somebody
gets
locked
up
and
the
stay
and
stays
there
for
several
days,
they
lose
their
job,
which
places
a
greater
burden
on
the
city
and
all
the
services
that
we
provide.
Clearly,
there
has
to
be
a
better
way
in
terms
of
the
issue
of
gender
equity.
H
H
H
H
It
doesn't
work.
We
have
to
find
a
better
way.
We
have
to
tackle
these
issues
by
dealing
with
transportation.
We
have
to
deal
with
it
in
the
childcare
we
have
to
deal
with
the
education
system
and
a
more
comprehensive
and
progressive
manner.
We
have
work
to
do.
Thank
you
for
introducing
this
legislation.
I
stand
willing
and
ready
to
work
with
you
on
all
of
these
issues
to
bring
about
fundamental
progress
and
change.
Thank
you.
I
First
of
all,
Daniel
Ricci,
thank
you
for
bringing
this
legislation
forward.
I
want
to
thank
everybody
on
City
Council
everybody
in
the
mayor's
office
before
addressing
this
issue.
I
But
for
me
this
issue
is
nothing
new
who
are
we
discussing
here
today
has
been
in
every
report
for
the
last
30
years.
It
may
be
sad
different.
It
may
look
different,
but
the
same
thing
that
we're
discussing
today
is
the
same
issues
that
we've
been
discussing
when
it
comes
to
the
african-american
community
for
the
last
30
years.
I
We
are
no
liability,
but
we
are
an
asset
in
the
city
and
I
want
you
to
see
yourself
as
an
asset
every
single
day,
because
we
never
talk
about
how
we
got
in
the
institutional
racism
that
we
had
to
go
through
to
get
to
where
we
are
today.
None
of
this
happened
by
accident,
and
so
therefore
I
need
you
to
understand
that
we
can
come
out
of
it.
The
introduction
of
this
legislation
today
is
great,
but
it
means
nothing
if
we
don't
put
resources
beyond
it.
I
Now,
let's
really
talk
about
it.
Let's
talk
about
the
steering
and
how
we
did
home
ownership
back
in
the
day,
the
fact
that
we
lacked
affordable
housing
right
now.
Let's
talk
about
what
it
takes
to
move
X
bar
forward.
We
cannot
be
the
most
livable
city
until
African
Americans
get
a
piece
of
the
power
I.
B
B
Salute
him,
let
me
remind
everyone,
would
I
say
earlier
that
the
public
hearing
is
tonight
at
6:30
at
the
Ebenezer
Baptist
Church,
every
single
person
who
comes
to
the
church
tonight
will
have
an
opportunity
to
address
City
Council.
That
is
tonight.
This
is
the
post
agenda
where
we're
framing.
This
is
a
listening
session.
Tonight
is
a
talking
session.
Now
members
we're
having
three
different
panels.
This
is
the
first
wave
we'll
have
a
second
wave.
Do
you
want
to
wait
to
the
end
for
your
comments?
B
If
so,
all
right,
so
we
thank
you
I'm
going
to
excuse
this
panel
I'm
going
to
ask
for
my
second
panel
to
come
forward.
They
include
thank
you
you're
done
so
the
next
group
is
dr..
We
need
a
howl
from
the
school
of
sociology,
dr.
Jerome
Taylor,
dr.
novo,
visceral
dr.
Dara
Mendez
of
the
School
of
Public
Health
of
the
four
of
them.
Would
please
come
forward.
These
are
our
university
partners.
They
will
come.
B
B
Going
to
start
with
dr.
Howell,
who
is
the
in
part,
the
author
of
the
latest
study
and
we're
gonna
go
down
and
they're
gonna
give
us
academic
color
into
this
crisis
that
we're
establishing
we're
just
so
grateful
for
their
presence
and
grateful
for
their
insight.
Thank
you
very
much
for
coming.
Council
welcomes
you,
and
starting
with
dr.
how
you
have
for.
L
L
Second,
as
was
just
referenced,
I
am
the
lead
author
for
the
report
that
was
commissioned
by
the
Aquacade
Commission
and
I
for
the
gender
equity
Commission,
in
which
I
created
a
new
evaluator,
a
method
to
look
at
livability
and
I'll
talk
a
little
bit
about
that
today.
But
that
is
the
other
reason
that
I
am
here
today,
so
I
actually
want
to
start
on
being
being
a
scholar,
I
want
to
start
with
a
few
definitions,
so
I
am
using
the
slides
if
you
want
to
look
at
them.
L
These
first
few
ones
won't
be
as
helpful,
but
in
a
few
minutes,
I
will
be
using
graphs
as
well,
and
so
just
to
clarify.
I
want
to
take
us
quickly
back
in
history,
so
the
word
race
was
brought
into
English,
actually
from
Spanish
in
the
1500s,
and
the
word
originally
was
a
word
to
distinguish
and
Spanish
was
a
word
to
distinguish
different
animals
for
breeding,
and
it
always
was
hierarchical
and
it
always
had
condensations
of
who
could
mix
with
you,
and
so
when
that
word
was
brought
into
English.
L
The
word
racism
originally
and
historically
was
a
word
that
was
to
denote
the
racial
inequality.
That
was
because
of
that
racial
hierarchy.
It
actually
originally
had
no
condensations
of
individual
actions
at
all.
Instead,
it
was
much
more
of
a
relationship
directly
using
or
being
able
to
articulate
the
racial
and
equality
that
was
in
the
society.
The
word
became
started
to
be
used
after
World
War
Two,
as
also
a
word
that
we
used
individually,
and
that
is
not
by
happenstance.
L
The
reason
that
we
started
to
use
that
word
also
individually
was
because
it
was
a
way
of
distinguishing
between
what
was
going
on
or
how
we
were
punishing
the
Holocaust
and
justifying
that
as
different
than
what
we
are
doing
to
Jim
Crow
South
and
our
black
population
in
the
south,
to
what
we
did
to
our
Japanese
Americans
in
our
cursor
and
incarceration
camps
during
the
war
and
what
we
were
and
continued
to
do
to
our
indigenous
populations
in
reservations,
and
so
the
word.
The
changing
in
that
word
also
became
a
legal,
moat
movement.
L
Into
law
that
what
was
a
legal
was
intent,
was
your
your
desire
to
hurt
someone
else,
but
scholars
continue
to
maintain
that
the
initial
origin
of
that
word
is
about
the
inequality
of
resources
itself
and
the
ability
and
the
perpetuation
of
again
that
white
category
having
those
most
most
of
those
resources.
So
when
we
say
that
word
when
I'm
using
that
word,
I
do
not
mean
intense
I
do
and
I
do
not
mean
individual
actions.
L
In
Pittsburgh,
we
see
similar
enough
inequalities
across
income.
In
fact,
if
we
do
this
in
$2
that
we
often
use
to
talk
about
income
inequality,
weight,
women
in
Pittsburgh
makes
78
cents
to
the
white
man's
dollar.
That's
compared
to
white.
Excuse
me
black
men,
who
make
fifty
nine
eight
cents
and
black
women
who
make
only
54
cents
Pittsburgh's
poverty,
which
is
a
measure
defined
by
the
federal
government.
That's
a
combination
of
household
income
also
incorporate
county
people
are
living
in
that
house.
We
see
seller
inequalities.
In
fact,.
L
L
So
this,
as
we
were
just
saying,
is
something
we
know
it's
it's
been
here,
it's
not
new,
but
there
are
four
reasons
that
we
push
back
on
doing
anything
about
this.
That
I
often
hear
here
in
Pittsburgh
in
particular.
So
the
first
is
that
it's
getting
better
so
hold
off,
don't
do
anything
dramatic
racial
equality
is
getting
better.
We
should
just
keep
doing
what
we're
doing.
The
second
is
that
this
is
a
national
phenomenon,
so
there's
not
much
that
a
city
level
intervention
could
do.
L
The
third
is
that
it's
more
about
effort
or
what
the
black
population
is
doing
than
any
kind
of
quote-unquote
discrimination,
and
the
first
is
the
problem,
isn't
really
fixable,
so
I
want
to
address
each
of
these
in
kind.
So,
first,
is
it
getting
better
I'm
going
to
show
national
data
for
a
second
for
this
I'm
gonna
divide
it
again,
because
it's
manifested
differently
and
men
and
women
for
men
in
1980,
the
inequality
between
white
men
and
black
men
was
much
smaller
than
inequality.
L
We
now
see
in
2017
now
granted,
and
this
is
straight
dollar,
so
it's
not
accounting
for
inflation.
Everyone's
incomes
gone
up,
but
I
want
you
to
note
that
an
equality
is
now
three
times
larger
than
it
was
in
1980.
When
we
look
at
women's
income
generally,
their
income
is
smaller,
which
we
already
just
discussed,
but
even
more
dramatic
inequality
has
now
ten
times
larger
in
2017
between
white
women
and
black
women
than
it
was
in
1980.
L
Similarly,
we
see
these
inequalities
between
bachelor's
degrees
also
grow.
Thus
I
would
argue
that
it's
not
getting
better
and
using
that
rhetoric
is
actually
perpetuating
the
very
notions
of
racism
and
white
supremacy,
because
it
insinuates
that
people
shouldn't
be
calling
to
attention
the
inequality
that
is
not
only
persisting,
but
in
various
cases
getting
worse.
The
second
piece
I
want
to
talk
about
is
this
Nash?
L
Is
it
just
national,
and
this
is
where
the
report
in
which
I'm
the
lead
author
and
created
this
new
methodology
for
comes
into
play
so
part
of
our
and
mine,
in
particular,
vision
in
doing
this
report
was
to
put
Pittsburgh
in
context
with
other
cities.
It's
one
thing
to
talk
about
this.
Naturally,
it's
another
thing
to
think
about
what
can
we
do
specifically
as
a
city
also,
as
we've
already
noted,
it
was
commissioned
by
the
gender
equity
Commission
and
their
vision
and
legislation
is
intersectional,
and
thus
we
were
looking
both
at
gender
and
race.
L
Given
limitations
of
the
data,
as
many
of
you
know,
we
were
unable
to
look
at
the
full
spectrum
of
gender,
but
were
restricted
to
a
male/female
economy.
Similarly,
given
the
restrictions
of
governmental
data,
we
were
unable
to
look
at
these
intersections
across
all
of
the
racial
groups
that
the
government
collects
data
on,
and
thus
we
had
to
make.
We
made
the
decision
to
collapse.
The
groups
we
couldn't
get
individual
data
on
into
a
category
and
create
our
own
acronym.
L
So
if
you've
seen
that
and
wondered
what
was
going
on,
those
are
the
reasons,
and
this
thus
is
the
categories
we
were
looking
at.
So
as
already
mentioned,
we
created
a
new
method
to
compare
across
and
we
are
comparing
Pittsburgh's
residents
to
comparable
cities
like
Cincinnati,
Cleveland,
Baltimore,
Buffalo,
Detroit
Louisville,
in
fact,
eighty
nine
other
demographically
comperable
cities
and
eat
for
each
of
these
groups,
so
for
white
men,
we're
comparing
Pittsburgh's
white
men
to
white
men
and
other
cities,
Pittsburgh's
white
women
to
white
women
in
other
cities,
etc.
L
By
doing
this,
we
are
able
to
put
Pittsburgh
and
perspective
vert
both
in
rank,
meaning
how
Pittsburgh
compares,
but
also
we're
looking
at
variability,
and
that's
actually
really
important
for
the
policy
side.
So
I'm
going
to
explain
that
slightly
so
that
you
all
understand
the
policy
implications
of
it
and
I'm
gonna
take
a
drink
first.
L
So
to
use
an
example
if
we
were
looking
at
income,
these
are
mad
at
made-up
numbers,
but
rank
would
just
be
where
Pittsburgh
is
compared
to
other
cities.
But
if
you
want
to
look
at
those
numbers
for
a
second
I'm,
gonna
change
them
and
I
want
you
to
just
notice
how
these
numbers
there's
a
lot
less
variability
than
the
numbers
I
showed
at
first.
L
Why
that's
important
is
because,
if
there's
not
much
variability,
those
factors
are
likely
due
to
national
phenomenon,
but
if
there's
a
lot
of
variability
between
cities,
especially
when
it
comes
quality
that
has
to
do
often
with
local
actors,
not
necessarily
entirely,
but
that
is
a
way
to
start
paying
attention
to
what's
going
on
so
this
method
we
came
up
does
that
this
is
the
income
version,
and
this
is
the
visualization
of
that
method.
Just
to
explain
the
diamonds
are
pittsburgh.
L
The
middle
line
is
the
middle
of
all
the
cities
that
we're
comparing
everything
to
the
right,
our
cities
that
have
above
livability.
So
this
is
income,
so
higher
income
than
the
quote,
unquote,
average
city
and
all
the
cities
to
the
left
would
be
the
inverse
of
that.
The
length
of
the
line
is
the
variability.
So
is
that
sense
of
how
much
does
this
compare
or
differ
between
cities?
And
specifically
the
distance
between
here-
is
this
ranking
that
helps
us
identify
where
Pittsburgh
strengths
are
as
well
as
where,
as
well
as
areas
where
we
need
improvement?
L
So
we
looked
across
various
components
and
I'm,
not
gonna,
go
through
everything,
but
I
just
want
to
hit
a
few
highlights.
That
shows
that
Pittsburgh
is
different
in
some
ways
than
the
national
context.
So
I
already
showed
the
feet.
A
lower
mortality,
but
I
want
to
put
in
context
that
compared
to
other
cities,
black
woman
compared
to
black
women
in
other
cities,
have
much
higher
fetal
mortality
here
in
Pittsburgh
than
other
places.
L
Poverty
is
a
similar
story,
particularly
for
child
poverty,
and,
in
fact,
when
we
put
all
this
together,
the
factors
that
are
most
striking
I'm
using
this
method
come
down
to
black
woman's
maternal
mortality,
black
woman's
employment
and
poverty,
Blackman's,
occupational
segregation,
black
man's
homicide
and
Blackmun's
cancer
and
heart
disease.
All
the
full
list
you
can
see
in
the
report-
and
it's
it's
not
particularly
by
race,
but
it
is
very
notable
that
those
are
the
top
five
and
speak
to
again.
This
is
not
just
a
national
problem.
L
It
is
a
national
problem
that
there
are
things
going
on
in
Pittsburgh
that
we
need
to
deal
with
okay,
the
third
piece
this
for
that.
It's
because
something
is
lacking
and
I
love.
The
language
I
was
being
used
in
the
first
panel
and
that
the
language
around
this
often
ignores
the
amazing
assets
and
the
resilience
in
the
black
community,
and
so
the
other
thing
that
we
are
able
to
do
in
the
report
is
cross.
L
Compare
things
to
demonstrate
how,
for
example,
with
the
outcomes
for
babies
across
all
the
racial
racial
groups
in
Pittsburgh,
women
are
equally
likely
to
seek
prenatal
care,
in
fact
they're
more
likely
than
their
counterparts
in
many
other
cities.
They're
more
other
excuse
me,
they're,
less
likely
because
we're
inverting
it
here
to
have
various
conditions
during
pregnancy.
L
Yet
black
women
are
three
there's
still
three
times
more
likely
than
their
white
women
counterparts
here
in
Pittsburgh
to
have
babies
of
extremely
low
birth
weight,
and
that
is
even
true
when
you
just
look
at
college-educated
women
and
again
they
fall
below
their
black
women
counterparts
and
other
cities.
This
is
also
true
for
other
abnormal
conditions
etc.
At
birth.
The
one
of
the
most
striking
differences
is
again,
which
we,
which
has
gotten
a
lot
of
press,
is
the
maternal
mortality
where
black
women
in
Pittsburgh
fall
far
below
they're
black
women
counterparts.
L
In
other
cities,
bachelor's
degrees,
okay,
so
sorry
I'm
trying
to
go
quickly
and
then
I
realize
I
didn't
make
my
point
there.
So
my
point
there
is
it's
not
that
people
aren't
getting
health
care,
but
other
conditions
that
are
at
play
there
and
I'm
sure.
My
colleagues
will
fill
that
in
more
the
same
kind
of
stories
happening
with
bachelor's
degrees.
So
yes,
as
I
already
noted,
there's
an
equality
in
bachelor's
degrees,
but
actually
compared
to
other
cities.
L
L
So,
if
you
haven't
ever
looked
at
the
national
story,
this
doesn't
look
as
striking
to
you,
but
nationally
black
women
are
the
most
likely
to
be
employed
and
that's
not
true
in
Pittsburgh,
and
so,
when
you
put
that
in
context
with
these
other
cities,
you
see
that
black
women
fall
far
below
their
black
urban
counterparts
and
other
cities
as
far
as
their
employment.
So
putting
that
in
context,
it's
not
because
they
don't
have
bachelors,
because
they're
not
getting
jobs
here,
but
they're
more
likely
to
be
ACT
looking
for
jobs
than
their
white
counterparts.
L
Similarly,
another
example
of
this
from
the
report
is
black.
Women
are
the
least
likely
to
be
enrolled
or
like
be
asked
by
teachers,
for
example,
to
be
enrolled
in
middle
school
algebra,
but
when
they
are
enrolled,
they're
more
likely
than
their
white
boy
counterparts
to
pass
the
class.
So
it's
not
a
lack
of
intelligence,
not
a
lack
of
effort.
It's
not
a
lack
of
assets,
but
a
lack
of
opportunities.
The
same
patterns
are
happening
in
even
more
dramatic
ways
with
our
gifted
and
talented
programs.
M
L
In
short,
I'm
saying
all
this
to
say
it's
not
again,
it's
not
the
effort
or
the
assets
or
the
ability.
So
finally,
the
fixable
question,
and
for
this
I'm
going
to
move
slightly
into
a
little
bit
more
of
my
expertise
and
then
I
will
pass
it
on
to
my
colleagues
who
will
speak
more
on
the
health
piece.
So
there
are
many
mechanisms
that
drive
this
and
we
have
to
think
about
those
mechanisms
in
order
to
think
about
policies.
L
So
some
are
historical,
equalities
many
times
we
think
about
microaggressions
and
biases
and
those
are
at
play,
but
also
the
contemporary
policies.
So
this
is
true
across
things
like
housing,
jobs
and
schools,
and
healthcare
and
I'm
going
to
focus
for
a
second
on
housing,
because
that
is
more
of
what
I
do
so
just
to
make
sure
we're
all.
On
the
same
page
again,
this
was
reference,
but
I
want
to
give
some
historical
context
to
it.
L
In
1929,
the
stock
market
crash,
leading
to
a
new
administration
and
the
rise
and
election
of
FDR,
who,
of
course
put
in
the
New
Deal
and
part
of
that
was
a
housing
administration
and
central
to
that.
His
vision
was
to
in
order
to
recover
from
economic
crisis
and
order
to
really
restore
middle
class
was
to
make
home
ownership
away.
Not
only
that
people
could
access
homes
but
a
way
to
accumulate
wealth.
L
Thanks
for
your
patience,
and
so
as
part
of
that
they
did
a
radical
thing
and
they
change
what
historically
been
mortgages,
which
were
only
three
to
five
years
to
be
on
average
30
years
and
as
part
of
that
they
reduced
down
payments,
and
so
for
the
first
time
in
history
really
around
the
world.
People
who
are
quote
unquote
middle-class
could
afford
homes,
but
in
order
to
do
that,
they
had
to
incentivize
banks
to
give
those
mortgages.
L
So
the
federal
government
decided
to
insure
those
mortgages,
but
they
didn't
want
to
insure
the
mortgages
without
having
a
way
to
know
that
people
were
actually
evaluating
those
houses
correctly,
and
so
that
is
when
the
housing
appraisal
industry
was
institutionalized.
That
didn't
really
exist
before
that
and
in
collaboration
with
Hulk.
They
actually
decided
that
they
were
going
to
appraise
houses,
as
well
as
give
mortgages
based
on
neighborhoods,
and
so
this
is
the
redlining
map.
Though
that's
what
we
colloquial
call
it.
N
L
The
map
made
by
our
federal
government
to
decide
how
worthy
neighborhoods
in
Pittsburgh
were.
You
will
notice
that,
if
you
know
the
demographics
of
Pittsburgh
today
or
historically,
you
can
see
that
this
map
that
went
from
green
as
the
most
desirable
neighborhoods
to
blue
to
yellow
to
red.
There
is
a
racial
order
here
and
in
fact,
it
has
been
well
documented
in
historical
documents
that
our
federal
government
made
these
definitions
by
both
race
and
class
and
created
a
system
where
they
evaluated
homes
based
on
the
racial
composition
of
the
neighborhood.
L
This
was
in
place
because
this
is
in
place.
It
enabled
wealth
accumulation
among
our
white
population
across
our
nation,
and
here
in
Pittsburgh.
It
also
made
differential
impacts
on
public
schools,
public
transit
stores,
employment,
you
name
it.
It
was
in
place
into
a
series
of
four
legislation
of
Acts
in
this
late
60s
and
early
70s,
and
was
formally
outlawed
in
1977
with
the
Community
Reinvestment
Act.
L
At
that
point,
what
had
been
happening
was
that
the
appraisal
energy
in
industry
excuse
me
would
use
these
maps
in
collection
with
what
what
they
called
comps
and
so
comps,
if
you
know,
are
when
they
look
at
comparables
houses
in
order
to
determine
the
evaluation
of
a
home,
so
that
took
place
in
1977,
so
I'm
going
to
use
data
starting
in
1980.
So
right
after
that,
you
can
see
that
this
is
just
purely
descriptive.
Data
in
the
u.s.
L
homes
and
white
neighborhoods
were
worth
over
twice
that
in
communities
of
color
over
time
these
has
increased,
but
the
inequality,
much
like
the
other
inequalities
we
have
seen,
has
also
increased.
In
fact,
the
inequality
is
twice
as
much
now
as
it
was
in
1980
beckoning.
The
question,
if
we've
outlawed
redlining,
why
is
this
not
only
in
continuing
but
increasing
so
part
of
it?
Is
this
calm
process.
So,
as
I
mentioned,
an
appraiser
will
pick
homes,
ideally
in
the
same
neighborhood
that
are
similar
to
divine
to
find
how
much
the
house
should
be.
L
They
can
pick
houses
and
other
neighborhoods,
but
they
rarely
rarely
do
that
because
of
the
history
and
the
institutionalization
of
the
comparable
house
program.
So
when
people
justify
this
inequality,
they
say
well,
it's
because
of
the
historical
legacy
that
there's
differences
in
house
quality
because
of
socio-economic
inequality
and
they're,
actually
just
picking
houses
based
on
that.
It's
because
a
real
estate
demand-
or
maybe
also
it
has
to
do
with
current
temporary
appraisers
and
a
series
of
models
excuse
me
into
papers
that
my
co-authors
and
I
have
worked
at.
L
We've
actually
been
able
to
hold
constant,
so
six
distally,
constant
things
about
home
quality
in
neighborhoods
schools,
etc,
and
so
that's
the
descriptive
math.
If
we
hollowed
all
those
things
concept,
we
can
make
projections
if
we're
looking
at
the
same
two
houses,
and
these
are
the
lines.
In
fact,
we
hold
those
things
constant,
there's
even
more
stark
and
equality.
If
we
look
at
just
how
much
homes
have
accumulated
so
now,
I'm
holding
everything
constant,
so
similar
sized
homes
with
similar
community
or
public
schools,
similar
socioeconomic
demographics,
etc.
L
Those
in
white
neighborhoods
have
accumulated
in
wealth,
2266
thousand
dollars
where
homes
and
community
of
color
have
only
accumulated
$7,000
from
1980
to
today.
This
is
not
adjusted
for
inflation.
This
is
in
real
dollars.
This
is
descriptive
from
our
entire
nation
and
is
going
on
here
in
Pittsburgh
in,
in
fact,
if
so
that
right
there
is
wealth
and
equality,
that's
school
inequality,
that's
all
sorts
of
things
that
are
affecting
everything
else,
that
the
report
that
I
was
mentioning
and
things
we're
talking
about
today.
L
So
this
large,
these
larger
policies
and
systems
are
ones
that
I
think
that
the
council
here
once
it
wants
to
care
about,
and
we
want
to
think
about
how
to
address
and
these
and
these
various
mechanisms
outside
of
housing.
So
I
would
argue
that
this
is
actually
an
example,
because
it's
actually
very
specific
policy
about
how
we
evaluate
housing
and
I
know
it
might
feel
far
I
feel,
but
it's
what
I
do
and
I
think
there's
similar
arguments
to
be
made
for
employment
in
healthcare,
etc
that
these
things
are
not
just
non
flexible.
L
So
in
fact
it's
not
getting
better.
It's
persisting
or
getting
worse.
It's
not
just
national.
It's
Pittsburgh,
it's
not
just
the
people's
effort,
but
it's
opportunity
hoarding
of
the
white
population
and
the
lack
of
being
willing
to
think
critically
about
how
our
historical
inequalities
are
perpetuating.
What
we
see
today
and
I
would
argue
it
is
also
fixable
and
things
that
we
need
to
address.
Thank
you.
O
Wow
those
who
spoke
before
me,
my
name,
is
Dara
Mendez
I'm,
currently
an
assistant
professor
of
epidemiology
at
the
University
of
Pittsburgh,
Graduate
School
of
Public
Health
and
before
I
deliver
my
statement.
I
want
to
mention
that
I'm
not
here
to
speak
on
behalf
of
the
University,
but
to
offer
my
expert
opinion.
As
someone
has
been
leading
public
health
research
and
practice
for
over
15
years,
the
field
of
public
health
specifically
is
concerned
with
promoting
and
protecting
the
health
of
populations
using
science,
research
policy
and
practice.
O
My
specific
work
focuses
on
effects
of
racism,
sexism
and
other
forms
of
oppression
on
health,
equity
and
health
outcomes
related
to
pregnancy,
birth
and
women's
health,
in,
in
addition
to
my
professional
career
on
this
issue,
I
was
born
and
raised
here
in
Pittsburgh,
I
lived
in
Millville
and
Penn
Hills
for
a
very
short
part
of
my
younger
years,
but
spent
the
majority
of
my
formative
years
in
the
Lincoln
Larmour
area
of
what
I,
efficent
affectionately
called
celebrity
or
East,
illiberal
East
Liberty,
not
the
rebranded
East,
and
it
is
sometimes
referred
to.
Today.
O
O
I
lived
in
an
area
that
experience
disinvestment
in
schools
that
were
disinvested
in
where
black
individuals,
and
specifically
my
peers,
were
suspended
and
imprisoned
and
had
limited
employment
opportunities,
but
also
come
from
a
family
line
of
brave,
brilliant
black
people
who
migrated
north
from
the
south
to
work
in
the
steel
industry
here
in
Pittsburgh
and
make
a
new
way
for
their
families.
Some
of
those
same
families
who
experienced
displacement
and
what
dr.
O
Mindy
Fullilove
has
called
route
shock,
the
traumatic
stress
and
reaction
to
the
loss
and
disruption
of
one's
ecosystem,
their
neighborhood,
for
example,
and
in
her
book
route
shock.
She
discusses
the
displacement
due
to
urban
renewal
policies
in
the
1950s
and
60s
that
specifically
targeted
black
communities
where
she
cites
displacement
of
black
families
in
the
Hill
District
and
the
lasting
effects
on
what
on
health
and
well-being.
O
Scholars
such
as
doctors,
Diana,
Riley,
Mona,
Phillips
and
fleeta
Jackson,
and
in
this
initial
work,
I
was
struck
by
the
early
studies
that
demonstrated
that
even
at
levels
of
education
that
were
meant
to
be
protective,
such
as
having
a
college
education,
black
birthing
people,
so
meaning
someone
who
may
identify
as
a
woman
but
also
non-binary
or
gender
non-conforming.
People
who
give
birth
were
with
a
college
education
we're
two
times
as
likely
to
have
an
infant
death
compared
to
their
white
counterparts.
O
In
these
same
folks,
who
had
a
college,
education
were
more
likely
to
have
an
infant
death
compared
to
their
white
counterparts
without
a
high
school
diploma.
So
this
early
work
influenced
my
career.
Trajectory
I
found
that
black
women
in
particular
experienced
extreme
burden
of
gender
racism
with
dr.
Philomena
essa
defines
as
gender,
racism
or
sexism,
and
racism
are
so
intertwined
quote
and
combined
under
certain
conditions
into
one
hybrid
phenomenon.
This
results
in
oppression
not
explained
by
racism
and
sexism
alone
from
the
work
of
dr.
Jackson
and
my
own
early
work.
O
Not
only
did
women
experience
gender
racism,
but
these
experiences
were
not
just
a
specific
quote
incident,
but
a
part
of
a
quilt
historically
created
racial
construction
and
structural
reality.
From
this
work,
we
also
found
that
the
stress
and
discrimination
was
prevalent
in
the
workplace
and
with
respect
to
caring
for
children,
so,
in
other
words,
the
various
institutions
in
which
women
and
birthing
people
were
coming
into
contact
with
on
a
daily
basis,
had
a
detrimental
effect
on
their
health.
O
So
with
the
post
secondary
education,
I
received
outside
of
Pittsburgh,
which
included
a
PhD
and
and
master's
in
maternal
child,
health
and
epidemiology
I
had
the
opportunity
to
first
come
back
home
in
2009
to
address
many
of
the
issues
that
have
been
working
on
in
other
cities
and
now
actively
conduct
work
with
collaborators.
Such
as
Jada
Cheryl,
who
will
speak
a
little
bit
later,
CEO
of
Healthy
Start,
Alicia,
Tucker,
Dinah
Wilson
from
the
maternal
child,
Division
and
leaders
of
the
infant
mortality
collaborative
in
which
I
served
and
Latasha
maze
from
New
Voices
for
reproductive
justice.
O
Masaru
and
from
mashiro
that
these
inequities
and
health
are
very
well
documented.
This
includes
specific
inequities
right
here
in
our
County
black
women
and
birthing
people
are
four
times
as
likely
to
have
a
pregnancy
or
a
pregnancy
associated
death
and
three
times
as
likely
to
have
an
infant
death
in
addition
and
mortality.
There's
racial
inequities
and
morbidity
such
as
pregnancy,
related
hypertension,
postpartum,
depression
and
preterm
birth,
just
to
name
a
few.
O
Recognising
and
naming
racism
as
a
public
health
crisis
is
a
critical
first
step
in
dismantling
structures
and
systems
of
oppression
that
not
only
heat,
impede
health
and
well-being,
but
are
related
to
schooling,
education,
food
systems,
housing,
employment,
just
to
name
a
few
geographer
dr.,
Ruth,
Wilson,
Gilmore's
definition
of
racism
points
out
that
it's
state
sanctioned
that
it's
not
by
accident,
and
it
could
be
extra
legal
meaning
it
may
not
be
legal,
have
had
the
law
attached
to
it,
but
it's
a
production
and
exploitation
leading
to
vulnerability
and
premature
death.
Dr.
O
Kumar
Jones,
prominent
scholar
and
former
president
of
the
American
Public
Health
Association,
which
an
association
I
belong
to,
which
also
has
put
racism
as
a
public
health
issue
on
a
map
talks
about
it
being
an
opportunity,
structuring,
opportunity
and
signing
value
based
on
race,
some
having
advantage
unfair
disadvantage
and
unfair
advantage,
but
saps
the
strength
of
society
through
a
waste
of
human
resources.
The
majority
of
the
empirical
research
on
racial
discrimination
and
health
focuses
on
what's
called
interpersonal,
so
personally
mediate
an
individual
level.
O
This
empirical
evidence
demonstrates
that
personally
mediated
racism,
acts
through
stress
pathways
to
dis,
regulate
body
systems
resulting
in
accelerating
aging
and
adverse
health
outcomes,
and
that
these
daily
stressors
are
cumulative
where
there's
actual,
wear
and
tear
on
the
body
also
known
as
weathering
and
as
a
result,
the
body
cannot
reach
equilibrium.
It
reduces
immune
function,
creates
vulnerability
and
susceptibility
to
disease
limits,
the
ability
for
the
body
to
remain
in
a
healthy
State.
O
Additionally,
within
the
context
of
the
biological
processes
and
the
specific
health
consequences,
there
are
vestiges
of
structural
and
institutional
forms
of
racism
that
we
heard
as
well
that
we
cannot
avoid
the
conversation
about
how
institutions
and
structures
are
built
to
exclude
marginalize
or
reproduce
adverse
health
that
the
policies,
practices,
structures
and
inequities,
and
power
and
privilege
are
fundamental
in
understanding
and
eliminating
health
equities.
Dr.
Julia
career
Perry,
founder
of
the
national
birth
equity
collaborative,
says,
quote.
O
Racial
disparities
in
health
exists,
not
because
black
people
are
broken
or
genetically
inferior
or
make
poor
choices,
but
because
policy
continued
continually
tries
to
break
us.
Dr.
Williams,
leading
u.s.
scholar
on
racism.
The
health
says
that,
although
institutional
racism
is
arguably
the
most
important
mechanism
in
which
racism
affects
health,
it's
challenging
to
capture
in
epidemiologic
research.
So
it's
epidemic
gist,
we're
always
thinking
about
measurement.
And
how
can
we
actually
measure
this
and
understand
it?
But
I
would
add
that
we
can't
completely
capture
and
quantify
in
any
one
study
or
even
a
series
of
studies.
O
However,
it's
worthwhile
to
do
this
because
of
dr.
Rachel
Hardiman,
articulate
it
results
in
a
focus
on
a
level
and
a
type
that
results
in
lasting
change.
There's
a
empirical
evidence
specifically
about
institutional
racism,
however,
and
its
effects
on
health
and
most
of
this
work
has
focused
on
residential
segregation
as
a
fundamental
cause
of
health
inequity.
O
There
are
a
few
other
studies
that
also
demonstrate
that
novel
measures
of
structural
racism,
such
as
racial
inequity
and
political
participation,
judicial
treatment
and
employment
and
job
status
are
associated
with
infant
mortality,
infants
being
small
or
small
for
gestational
age,
as
well
as
my
myocardial
infarction.
Finally,
in
our
conversation
about
racism,
we
would
be
remiss
if
we
did
not
talk
about
the
intersections
with
sexism,
classism
homophobia
and
other
forms
of
oppression,
as
specifically
mentioned
gender
racism
earlier,
but
went
to
uplift
intersectionality
again
coin
by
afro-brazilian
scholar,
layla
gonzales
and
black
us
scholar,
dr.
Kimberly
Crenshaw.
O
This
legislation,
as
it
stands,
is
a
critical
first
step
to
naming
racism
and
specifically
the
effects
of
racism
and
health
and
well-being.
However,
there
are
critical
elements
that
should
be
addressed
in
order
to
move
forward,
to
be
comprehensive
to
have
a
lessening
effect
and
before
this
legislation
is
finalized
and
voted
on
number
one.
It
is
critical
to
understand
and
apply
intersectionality
as
a
gut
guiding
framework
that
we
cannot
discuss
racism
without
discussing
how
racism
intersects
with
sexism
class
some
homophobia
just
for
examples
number
two.
O
If
we
are
to
identify
racism
as
a
public
health
crisis,
it
is
critical
to
take
an
interdisciplinary
approach
that
specifically
engages
experts
in
the
field
of
Public.
Health
elected
officials
can
be
a
vehicle
to
pass
important
legislation,
but
in
collaboration
with
experts
in
those
respective
fields
and
experts,
do
not
necessarily
mean
only
University
folks
that
public
health
practitioners
activists
and
scholars
co-lead
these
efforts
with
others
from
sectors
such
as
housing,
education
and
employment,
for
example.
O
Public
health
is
a
field
in
science,
trains,
professionals
to
think
about
and
develop
solutions
from
a
quote
health
and
our
lens
meaning.
Asking
the
question
of
how
might
health
and
well-being
of
populations
be
influenced
by
a
particular
action?
Whether
this
is
an
action
related
to
transportation,
the
built
environment,
climate
change
or
housing
security,
three
health
inequities
are
not
disparities
and
that
we
are
specifically
talking
about
what
is
systemic,
socially
produced
unjust
and
can
be
avoided.
O
Five,
that,
in
addition
to
understanding
and
acknowledging
anti
black
racism
and
how
racism
impacts,
black
communities
in
the
intersections
immigration
policy
has
been
identified
as
a
mechanism
of
structural
racism
and
anti-immigrant
policies
that
also
affect
our
Latin
accent.
African
born
communities,
for
example,
have
shown
to
lead
to
hostility,
vulnerability
and
adverse
health
outcomes
6.
O
Address
inequity,
including
health.
Regarding
the
leadership
forum
council,
should
ensure
that
the
forum
is
inclusive
of
public
health
experts,
as
I
mentioned
before.
As
the
current
policy
link
recommendations
be
expanded
to
include
strategies
to
improve
health
outcomes,
a
council
should
ensure
that
the
leadership
forum,
public
meetings,
although
quarterly,
are
hosted
at
a
time
and
place
to
ensure
the
public
to
be
engaged.
O
Furthermore,
a
Council
of
citizens
from
this,
as
I
mentioned
from
specific
communities,
most
impacted
should
be
integrally
involved
in
co-leading
all
processes
from
beginning
to
end,
including
citizens,
who
may
not
be
professionals
in
government.
Non-Government
entities
or
nonprofit
entities,
education
or
public
health,
so
in
closing,
naming
and
identifying
racism
is
a
critical
first
step,
but
multiple
aspects
are
necessary
to
ensure
systemic
and
long-term
change.
Thank
you.
P
I'm
noble
Masaru,
professor
of
public
practice,
associate
dean
for
diversity
and
inclusion,
director
Center
for
health
equity
at
Pitt,
School
of
Public
Health
and,
like
my
colleague,
dr.
Mendez,
I,
come
here
not
speaking
on
the
behalf
of
the
university,
but
more
or
less
to
offer
some
comments
specific
to
my
expert
opinion.
P
So
let
me
also
say
that
I
want
to
extend
the
appreciation
and
applaud
councilman
Laville
as
well
as
councilmember
Burgess,
for
advancing
this
resolution,
so
we're
here
more
or
less
to
offer
some
thoughts
more
or
less
around
our
experience
in
the
practice
of
Public
Health,
certainly
dr.
Mendez.
What
she
has
stated
is
right
on
point
and
so.
P
To
try
to
fill
in
a
few
thoughts
in
terms
of
the
application
of
what
she
stated,
let's
see
so
what
happens
to
a
dream
deferred,
we
know
about
Langston,
Hughes
and
I
think
we
can
hear
some
of
the
expression
in
terms
of
what
happens
to
that
dream
when
it's
deferred
it
dries
up
like
A
Raisin
in
the
Sun
or
fester,
like
a
sore
and
then
run.
Does
it
stink
like
rotten
meat
or
crust
and
sugar
over
like
a
syrupy
syrupy
sweet?
P
So
in
the
in
our
practice,
in
terms
of
trying
to
achieve
health
equity,
this
body
has
already
addressing
two
of
the
principles
in
that
regard
confronting
racism
and,
let
me
just
add,
building
on
my
colleague
dr.
Mendez,
we're
talking
about
confronting
institutional
racism
and
then,
secondly,
that
government
plays
a
key
role
in
achieving
racial
in
health
equity.
We're
also,
during
our
remarks,
we're
going
to
more
or
less
address
the
importance
of
building
strategic
partnerships
across
sectors
and
communities.
P
R
P
The
community
that
affects
a
nation
that
affects
our
people,
so
the
racism
is
a
system
of
oppression
that
relies
on
the
belief
that
one
place
or
one
race
or
one
or
a
group
of
people
is
superior
to
another
based
on
characteristics
like
skin
color.
But
it's
driven
by
what
white
supremacy
and
in
our
experience,
dr.
P
However,
there
are
solutions.
There
are
things
that
we
can
do
that
were
more
or
less
Emelia
our
condition
of
what's
taking
place
in
terms
of
oppression.
So
our
aim
that
we're
advancing
is
equity,
not
equality,
but
understanding.
What
are
the
challenges
that
exists
in
our
respective
neighborhoods?
So
in
terms
of
this
body
in
terms
of
the
resolution,
as
dr.
Mendez,
as
as
eloquently
stated,
is
that
equity
we
should
have
this
resolutions
should
be
an
equity
focus
policy.
P
It
was
primarily
white
folks
that
were
subjected
to
conditions
that
are
making
the
meal.
So
it's
the
conditions
as
making
us
ill
is
not
race
selective.
So
in
this
particular
case,
as
you
see
in
terms
of
the
Schwartz
Schwartz
market
in
terms
of
the
african-american
community,
so
we're
also
looking
at
erasing
the
gaps
that
we
don't
look
at
this
situation
in
terms
of
a
black/white
disparity.
When
we
do,
we
don't
wish
to
look
at
a
numeric
differential.
Just
the
number
that's
different.
We
want
to
look
at
what
are
the
the
resources?
P
P
Racism
is
one
of
nine
or
twelve
determinants.
Social
determinants
of
health.
Racism
is
one
of
those.
Those
other
elements
that
we're
talking
about
are
what
housing,
education,
transportation,
etc.
So,
let's
be
let's
be
clear
when
we
focus
on
racism
is
a
public
health
crisis.
There
are
other
elements
that
are
the
drivers
of
racism
and
other
elements
that
are
responsible
for
the
inequities
that
are
in
our
respective
communities.
P
Some
of
those
are
right
there,
and
so
at
the
tip
of
the
iceberg.
We
see
what
the
outcomes
in
terms
of
that
those
racial
disparities.
So
when
someone
says
that
okay,
diabetes
is
an
issue
or
B
City
is
an
issue
there's
a
difference
in
cardiovascular
or
acute
myocardial,
myocardial
infarctions,
that's
a
numeric
difference.
What
are
the
drivers
for
obesity?
That's
what
we're
talking
about
all
right!
So,
let's
be
clear
about
that,
and
so
we
also,
we
also
want
to
want
to
focus
or
I
know
that
those
drivers
for
inequities
are
unjust
and
so,
respectively.
P
B
P
Lira
is,
on
the
end,
you're
quite
welcome,
but
here's
the
deal
when
you
look
at
lira
myrrh,
it's
mine.
Just
pardon
me
yes,
right
next
to
Highland
Park
right,
so
that
that
be
speaks
to
the
to
the
male
distribution
of
resources
that
are
going
to
or
not
going
to.
Larimer
that's
going
other
places,
but
it's
not
just
Laramie.
Remember,
there's
only
nine
neighborhoods
of
communities
that
are
reaching
the
seventy
eight
point.
P
Six
metric
in
terms
of
life
expectancy
in
USA
and
I
dare
say
that
those
other
fifty-six
surd,
odd
neighborhoods
are
not
majority
white
or
a
majority
black.
So
there
are
issues
that
we
have
to
take
into
account,
and
so
let
me
put
this
in
a
little
bit
more
clear
context.
In
1900
life
expectancy
in
the
United
States
was
47
years
of
age
in
1900
fast-forward
to
the
turn
of
the
century.
21St
century
1999
to
2000
life
expectancy
was
77
years
of
age.
P
S
P
P
So
the
framework
that
were
advancing
for
this
body
is
that
in
this
resolution
that
we
want
to
focus
on
the
left
side,
the
left
side
of
that
particular
image,
which
is
the
soul
which
are
the
social
determinants
of
health.
Remember
25
of
30
years
improvement
was
due
to
sto
H.
The
other
five
years
is
primarily
associated
with
health
care,
the
medical
model
going
to
a
hospital,
etc.
For
that
intervention,
all
right,
oops
I
guess
the
gremlins
want
me
to
hurry
up
and
get
out
of
here.
P
So
we're
talking
about
what
what's
needed
to
burst
these
walls
in
terms
of
the
obstacles
around
the
social
determinants
of
health.
What's
needed
again,
as
dr.
min
Mendez
stated,
is
addressing
these
issues
around
attacking
racism,
but
also
in
addition,
looking
at
what
are
those
inequities
in
terms
of
employment
etc,
and
this
is
where
I
want
to
make
a
point
in
terms
of
employment.
The
largest
employer
here
in
Western
PA
is
wet
UPMC.
P
So
when
we
so
when
we
talk
when
we
talk
to
when
we
do
our
numbers
in
terms
of
UPMC,
we
looked,
we
looked
at
the
Homewood
in
Homewood
in
terms
of
the
median
income
for
Homewood,
it's
forty
four
thousand
dollars,
almost
forty
five
thousand
dollars
and
in
the
Hill
District
its
$31,000
in
terms
of
the
median
income.
So
we
looked
at
what
are
the
the
number
of
employee
years
who
actually
worked
for
UPMC
that
live
respectively
in
Homewood
and
in
the
Hill
District?
P
P
Thirteen
hundred
and
seventy
nine
individuals
earned
more
than
forty
thousand
dollars,
so
43%
earned
forty
thousand
dollars
or
less
totally
the
39
percent
earned
within
the
forty
to
sixty
thousand
dollar
category.
So
the
punchline
there
is
that
there's
an
under
employment
in
terms
of
the
median
wage
opportunities
for
those
individuals
who
work
for
UPMC
and
live
in
Homewood
in
the
Hill
District.
P
Lastly,
let
me
just
also
say
that
when
we
drive
through
our
respective
neighborhoods
in
our
communities,
there
is
something
called
the
let's
service
line
replacement
project
and
we,
when
we
drive
through
those
neighborhoods
our
communities.
What
do
we
see
or
what
do
we
not
see
on
those
work?
Crews?
So
here
are
the
facts.
The
facts
are
for
those
individuals
for
during
the
summer
period,
in
terms
of
the
contractors,
there
were
only
two
individuals
who
had
a
zip
code
that
lived
in
the
city
of
Pittsburgh.
P
Now
you
do
the
math
on
that
in
terms
of
the
wealth,
or
at
least
the
opportunities-
that's
not
taking
place
in
that
particular
neighborhood
and
community.
So
if
you
can
envision
working
or
having
a
crew,
that's
majority
african-american,
98%,
african-american,
working
in
a
white,
neighborhood
or
community.
What
do
you
think
that
the
outcry
would
be
so
to
dr.
Mendez's
point
and
what
we're
advancing
to
this
body
is
that
when
we
look
at
policies
in
terms
of
looking
at
health
equity
from
a
aid
all
how
should
I
say
this?
P
The
infant
mortality
rate
for
the
city
for
the
city
was
roughly
thirteen
point
something
and
when
we
left
after
our
ten-year
service
there
and
just
as
a
as
an
aside,
let
it
be
known
that
the
average
tenure
for
a
health
commissioner's
three
years.
We
were
there
for
ten
years
as
a
result
of
our
service
there,
in
collaboration
with
partners,
the
infant
mortality
rate
went
down
to
seven
point:
nine
at
seven
point:
nine
infant
deaths
per
1000
live
births.
The
national
goal
is
six
infant
deaths
for
one
thousand
live
births.
P
P
Well
guess
what
the
infant
mortality
rate
in
when
we
left
went
down
to
four
point:
five,
as
you
know
that
the
population
and
the
clients,
ten,
that
go
to
health
departments,
are
marginally
a
income
marginal
and
it's
not
just
black
and
white
in
the
terms
of
the
city
of
Cincinnati,
so
the
infant
mortality
rate
of
four
point
five
that
up
to
show
that
there's
a
demonstrated
improvement
that
can
take
place,
but
also
a
concern
that
I
have
and
I've
expressed
this
before.
But
I'm
gonna
make
it
plain.
Today
you
have
the
Allegheny
County
Health
Department.
P
Those
numbers
in
terms
of
life
expectancy
was
driven
by
the
Graduate
School
and
public
health
at
the
University
of
Pittsburgh.
The
point
is
this:
is
these
are
numbers
and
Democrat
can
be
generated
out
of
the
Allegheny
County
Health
Department,
but
what's
absent
there
in
it?
There's
quite
a
few
things
as
absent,
but
for
this
body,
I
would
recommend
highly
recommend
that
the
City
Council,
the
city
of
Pittsburgh,
have
a
representative,
a
formal
representative
on
the
board
of
health
for
the
Allegheny
County
Health
Department.
P
These
decisions
that
are
being
made
policy
wise.
If
we
don't,
if,
if
we
don't
have
a
voice
on
the
board
of
health
at
the
Allegheny
Health
Department,
what
you're
proposing
what
we're
proposing
is
all
for
not
in
terms
of
what
needs
to
be
done
in
terms
of
public
health
you're
talking
about
the
public
health
crisis
with
so
with
that
stated,
I'm
going
to
leave
you
with
health
equity.
Is
our
goal.
That's
our
objective.
There
are
quite
a
few
other
things
that
we
need
to
attend
to,
but
health
equity
is
the
target
is
our
goal.
P
And
lastly,
my
colleague
Dharam
Mendes
always
had
to
be
proud
of
those
of
us
who
served
and
graduated
at
an
HBCU
school.
She
mentioned
Spelman.
We
got
to
mention
Morehouse
as
well,
and
dr.
King
and
dr.
King
in
terms
of
what
his
stance
was
in
terms
of
what
social
justice
and
Solly
I'll
leave
that
and
turn
it
over
to
my
learn
at
Kyle.
K
P
K
Is,
and
especially
for
me
at
this
moment,
a
disadvantage
of
being
the
last
to
speak.
There
has
been
so
much
said
already
that
is
consistent,
while
I'd
believe
deeply
I'd
like
to
go
to
three
things.
Perhaps
the
first
is:
what's
the
cause
and
we've
been
I,
think
speaking
about
that
I
want
to
add
a
little
twist
to
that.
K
K
R
K
K
K
Let
me
say
to
you
also
that
we
did
a
study
of
black
intimates
inmates
in
Maryland
state
of
Maryland,
and
we
found
that
the
blacks
there
that
have
committed
more
serious
crimes,
more
heinous
crimes
against
other
blacks,
guess
what
they
believed.
That
blacks
were
just
the
things
that
I've
already
said
to
you.
K
K
Want
you
to
know
that
I
support
policies
affecting
those
outcomes,
but
also
want
you
to
know
that
we
won't
get
home
free
by
just
supporting
these
economic
capital
policies
and
practices,
so
then
I'm
adding
a
complementary
type
of
capital
development.
Let's
call
it
human
capital
development
which
must
be
joined
with
economic
capital
development.
If
we
are
ever
going
to
see
the
light
of
justice
and
freedom
in
this
country.
K
K
K
Creating
schools
that
have
accellerated
rates
of
improvement
to
black
students
that
are
higher
than
the
rates
of
celebration
of
achievement
for
white
students,
and
that's
the
only
way
you
can
close
the
gap.
The
other
thing
you
got
to
figure
out
a
way
of
more
greatly
accelerating
the
rate
of
closure
for
black
students.
You
can't
mosey
along
out
to
400
years.
K
You
got
to
get
a
up.
We
got
to
create
safe,
neighborhoods
number
two
number:
three:
we
had
to
create
healthy
neighborhoods
number.
Four:
we
have
to
enhance
family
health
number
five.
We
need
to
enhance
mental
health
and
number
six.
We
need
to
enhance
physical
health.
F
F
K
K
K
B
All
of
all
of
you,
if
you
would
electronically
get
me
or
physically,
give
me
your
remarks
and
presentations
or
both
would
be
great
I'm
going
to
go
to
the
heard
panel,
but
first,
but
second
of
all,
I
don't
want
to
miss
this
moment.
This
is
a
historic
moment
that
we're
having
in
the
city
of
Pittsburgh
this
we've
never
had
a
panel
like
you
to
address
this
city
in
this
forum
and
York.
B
T
Two
quick
questions
that
sort
of
try
to
summarize
what
I
heard?
Is
it
fair
to
say
that
racism
as
a
social
condition,
it's
fundamental
to
the
health
disparities
faced
by
blacks
in
our
city?
Absolutely
that's
it.
My
question
was
to
try
to
capture
everything
that
was
mentioned
in
you.
All's
presentation:
is
it
fair
to
say
that
racism
as
a
social
condition,
is
fundamental
to
the
health
disparities
faced
by
blacks
in
our
city.
P
P
Q
P
T
L
Sorry
I
I'm
smiling
because
I
was
actually
referencing
to
you
earlier
that
we
were
I
was
talking
to
my
PhD
students
this
week,
so
it
just
makes
me
smile,
because
that
is
a
live
debate
in
in
the
field.
I
would
actually
say
that,
yes,
they
are
completely
in
inseparable
that
race.
The
concept
of
race
is
racism,
and
racism
is
race.
T
O
T
L
Would
completely
agree
with
that?
My
only
point-
and
maybe
it's
too
academic,
but
my
only
point
is
that
being
born
black
in
that
statement
is
a
social
construction.
Is
that
construction
is
a
racist
construction
and
so
that
we
can't
even
separate
what
it
means
to
be
born
black
from
this
system.
That
is
the
social
construction
of
racism,
because
that
category
doesn't
exist
without
that
history
understood.
B
So
finally,
we're
going
to
have
our
last
panel
of
the
day
we
have
Richard
Stewart
jr.
of
the
n-double
a-c-p
Tim
Stevens
from
BiPAP
Jada
Sorrell
from
healthy
start
and
dr.
Shannon
Gilliam
from
the
home
of
Children's
Village
I
do
in
this
I
do
want
to
acknowledge
the
members
of
the
all-in
coalition
who
are
in
attendance
and
hopefully
will
play
a
strategic
part
in
hosting
the
leadership
policy
conference.
C
B
Right
and
so
we're
asking
that
each
of
you
would
give
a
few
moment
give
me
a
few
minutes
to
give
your
perspective
and
reaction,
and
then
we
will
have
council
members
and
then
remember
everyone
6:30
avenues
about
this
church.
Everyone
here
who
has
not
spoken
members
of
the
public.
You
will
be
given
a
chance
to
speak
to
council.
Q
B
Q
Q
Why
is
it
that
narcan
is
not
made
readily
available?
I
want
this
put
into
legislation.
If
we
can
a
part
of
this
going
forward,
why
is
it
readily
made
available
in
these
communities,
as
it
is
made
in
the
more
predominantly
Caucasian
communities
our
residents
made
aware
of
where
and
how
to
get
this
narcan?
Where
is
the
location
at
these
communities
such
as
date,
backup?
Where
is
where
is
it
located
at
in
these
communities
such
as
Hill,
District,
Homewood,
Wilkinsburg,
Bell,
Silver
and
Sheridan
in
many
other
communities?
We
need
to
get
educated
about
that.
Q
The
topic
of
education
and
racism
raises
two
health
crises
in
a
very
serious
issue
that
has
a
tremendous
impact
in
african-american
families.
Students
who
may
suffer
from
this
traumatic
trauma
at
home
and
I
want
to
also
say
a
lot
of
these
students
come
to
school.
They
might
have
made
a
scene
something
at
the
house,
but
he
might
haven't
eaten
or
he
might
have
had
bad
dreams,
but
Bennion
still,
the
school
system
put
them
in
a
precarious
position,
and
sometimes
they
lock
them
up
that's
wrong.
Q
My
final
paragraph
here
cam,
is
issue
of
trauma
and
is
impact.
It
has
on
students
learning
to
view
more
intensely
so
that
proper
support
resources,
diagnosis
can
be
administered.
That
is
very
important.
We
need
to
add
that
to
that
and
let
people
know
maybe
we
can
stem
the
tide
of
them
knowing
where
to
go,
to
get
help
instead
of
waiting
on
law
enforcement
to
get
there.
That's
my
statement
because
we've
covered
other
issues
other
areas.
This
is
important
also
thank.
U
Afternoon,
first
of
all
want
to
thank
you
all
for
having
this.
As
you
said,
it's
a
very
unique
I've,
been
in
Council
many
many
years
and
many
times,
and
this
is
one
of
the
most
unique
conversations,
if
not
the
most
unique
in
terms
of
its
potential
impact,
so
I
want
to
congratulate
councilman,
Llewellyn,
Burgess
and
the
other
council
members
for
supporting
this
effort
and
I
want
to
read
into
the
record
some
things
from
a
previous
statement,
and
it
ties
into
some
of
what
we've
heard
today.
U
This
report
led
BiPAP
the
black
political
empowerment
project
in
2011
to
lay
the
foundation
for
the
creation
of
corporate
equity
and
inclusion.
Roundtable
an
analysis
prepared
in
2012
by
the
Three
Rivers
Workforce
Investment
Board
reported
that
african-americans
in
the
Pittsburgh
region
make
less
than
other
groups
in
the
same
sector
of
work.
U
The
report
that
the
University
and
in
the
equity
commission
came
about
in
the
city
of
Pittsburgh
was
10
years,
basically
10
years
later,
so
it
shows
we
have
had
none
little
or
no
progress.
The
headline
written
by
Jay
Dale
shoemaker,
a
public
source
in
the
article
of
September
17
states,
a
very
sad
and
troubling
reality
quote:
Pittsburgh
black
residents
feel
consequences
of
inequality
more
starkly
than
in
other
cities.
New
city
report
finds
and
what
many
African
Americans
hopefully
many
other
Pittsburghers
found
beyond
disturbing,
are
the
words
attributed
to
the
woman
who
cited
this
table
today.
U
U
To
the
majority
of
any
other
cities
in
the
united
states
automatically
by
just
moving
my
just
getting
up
and
moving
their
income
would
go
up.
Their
educational
opportunities
for
their
children
would
go
up
as
well
as
their
employment
end
of
quote.
In
our
statement
in
the
october,
twenty
first
news
conference
from
beef
happening
coalescing
as
violence
in
corporate
equity
was
what
an
indictment
on
the
city
of
pittsburgh
and
the
leadership
of
our
companies.
Our
corporations,
our
universities,
our
colleges,
our
nonprofits.
U
All
of
us
are
at
fault.
None
of
us
have
done
enough,
including
the
community
activists
such
as
stark.
Reality
is
certainly
not
an
advertisement
for
blacks
who
are
looking
throughout
the
nation
for
employment
to
seriously
consider
the
employment
of
themselves
and
others
in
pittsburgh,
nor
for
rights
or
other
races
and
ethnicities
who
wish
to
work
in
environments
where
the
employment
retaining
training
and
promotion
of
african-americans
are
seen
and
embraced
as
top
priorities.
U
The
headline
of
the
october
knife,
through
15th
edition
of
the
new
Pittsburgh
courier
black
women,
live
in
poverty
in
Pittsburgh
than
comparable
cities.
Add
to
the
poor
image
of
Pittsburgh
and
cries
out
for
change,
cries
out
for
aggressive
action
by
all
of
us
that
there's
serious
problems
with
regard
to
equity,
diversity
and
inclusion,
the
overall
conditions
of
black
people
and
black
women
in
particular
in
Pittsburgh.
U
It
remains
unacceptable,
hopefully
to
everybody
in
this
room
and
certainly
to
counsel
the
fact
that
you're
having
this
session
today,
the
fact
that
black
and
other
non-white
women
earned
between
54
cents
and
59
cents
for
every
dollar
a
white
man
makes
in
the
city
of
Pittsburgh.
This
is
2019
almost
2020.
That
almost
seems
impossible
for
those
kind
of
statistics
still
to
exist.
The
new
Pittsburgh
courier
mentioned
that
black
women
live
in
poverty
in
Pittsburgh,
more
than
85%
compared
to
eighty-five
percent
of
other
cities.
U
The
article
goes
on
to
mention
that,
while
whites
tend
to
find
employment
across
high
to
low
income
employment
sectors,
blacks
are
more
segregated,
with
fewer
in
the
high-income
positions
such
as
attorney
engineer
and
mathematician.
So,
even
at
the
higher
levels
of
people
who
do
get
educated,
the
racism
still
continues
not
just
for
poor
blacks
but
across
the
board.
U
Another
moment
or
troubling
statistic
identifying
news
report.
This
report
was
that
the
maternal
mortality
rate
among
black
mothers
in
Pittsburgh
was
worse
than
a
vast
majority
of
comparable
cities
and
that
the
rate
of
infant
mortality
for
black
babies
is
more
than
six
times
higher
than
it
is
for
white
babies,
and
we
live
in
a
city
that
we
brag
about
in
a
region
that
we
brag
about
that
has
all
these
wonderful
health
facilities.
How
could
that
be?
U
My
communities
are
within
minutes
from
great
hospitals,
I
thought
about
this
for
years
like
how
can
that
be?
If
we
don't
fix
this
stuff?
This
time,
like
I,
said
this.
Other
report
goes
back
nine
years,
so
we
obviously
haven't
done
much
if
we're
this
embarrassment,
that's
what
it
is
for
this
city
in
this
region.
It's
an
embarrassment.
We
can
either
take
the
embarrassment
as
an
incentive
to
do,
or
we
can
just
say
well,
it's
so
deep.
We
won't
do
a
thing
and
I'm
sure.
U
We
applaud
mayor,
Peduto
and
boldly
stating
in
his
September
17th
press
conference.
That
quote,
we
have
rates
within
the
black
community
that
are
third
world
when
it
comes
to
infant
mortality,
and
there
shouldn't
be
anyone
in
the
city
of
Pittsburgh
that
can
accept
that
fact
and
not
be
asking.
What
am
I
doing?
What
is
my
company
going?
Was
my
organization
doing.
U
We
hope
those
other
parts
will
be
forthcoming.
I
would
hope
now
over
the
years,
I
would
hope
their
forthcoming
because
they
need
to
be
over
the
years
many
African
Americans.
When
we
frequently
hear
the
words.
Why
do
you
hear
this
describing
Pittsburgh
as
a
most
livable
city
quote?
Unquote,
most
black
people,
a
good
number
of
black
people-
can
help
but
ask
the
question
for
whom
is
it
most
livable?
U
U
This
is
a
plan,
a
game
plan
for
action.
It
is
very
specific,
even
the
executive
vice
president
of
PNC,
it's
called
this
one
of
the
most
comprehensive
approaches
to
actually
doing
something
about
inequity
in
our
Pittsburgh
community.
We
talk
about
violence.
What
are
our
initiatives
of
BiPAP?
Is
the
coalition
against
violence?
Black
folks
will
wake
up
dysfunctional
for
no
reason.
We
have
problems.
Disease
have
been
planted
in
our
minds
in
our
community,
which
caused
us
some
of
us
to
react
in
a
way.
That's
not
productive,
but
it's
understandable.
U
We
have
a
game
plan
for
action
and
we're
asking
that
this
action
plan
not
be
put
in
for
a
day
or
two
or
three
or
four
years.
It
becomes
part
of
the
system.
The
city
of
Pittsburgh
can
adopt
this.
The
county
can
adopt
it.
Corporations
can
adopt
it.
Cholesterol
we
met
with
the
other
day
said
there
are
they're
they're
taking
this
on
and
one
piece
of
it
is
by
the
way
ban
the
box.
We
have
too
many
black
people
or
Hispanic
people,
people
of
color
coming
our
prisons.
U
If
we
don't
in
the
city,
I
congratulate
the
city
has
adopted
I
believe
in
2010,
or
something
like
that
in
the
county
in
2012,
we
want
every
entity
in
the
region
to
accept
ban
the
box,
whose
one
comes
out
of
prison.
They
have
an
opportunity
for
a
new
life,
not
just
to
go
back
to
a
life
of
imprisonment.
U
So
you,
as
political
leaders,
can
encourage
the
corporate
community
in
the
university
community,
the
nonprofit
community,
to
accept
that
concept,
as
well
as
the
game
plan
in
this
document
and
I
want
to
commend
all
those
who
spoke
today.
It
was
a
very
powerful
day
and
I
did
have
before
I
finished.
Just
a
comment
on
the
recommendations
of
dr.
U
Yeah
Mendez
and
doctor
I'm
sorry
I,
had
it
in
my
writing
is
so
bad
Mendez.
Yes,
dr.
Mendez,
I
think
her
recommendations
are
very
powerful
in
terms
of
the
inclusiveness
that
she
described
in.
How
counsel,
hopefully,
would
go
about
implementation
of
what
you
have
proposed
into
in
terms
of
your
legislation
that
it
be
multifaceted
in
terms
of
who
participates,
not
just
all
the
folks
at
the
top,
but
the
folks
at
the
bottom
of
the
folks
in
the
middle,
so
it
be
a
collective
inclusive
process
that
makes
sense
to
people
an
inclusive
process
in
dr.
U
U
We're
in
a
situation
we
are
now
because
we've
never
gone.
Oh
we've
never
recovered
from
slavery.
We've
never
come,
we've
never
recovered
from
that,
even
how
we
are
as
black
people,
between
those
who
are
lighting,
those
who
are
dark
and
those
are
in-between
and
those
who
are
poor
and
those
who
are
rich
or
wealthy
or
in
between,
and
we
beat
each
other
up
because
we've
been
had
hatred
put
into
our
own
psyche
for
our
own
people-
and
this
is
a
this-
is
not
a
black
problem.
U
N
N
N
Both
metaphorically
and
physically
may
require
a
shift
in
thinking
and
abandonment
of
core
beliefs.
But
it's
well
documented.
The
American
Public
Health
Association
asserts
that
racism
structures
opportunity
and
assigns
value
based
on
how
a
person
looks
the
result.
Conditions
that
unfairly
advantaged
some
and
unfairly
disadvantaged
others
racism
hurts
the
health
of
our
nation
by
preventing
some
people
the
opportunity
to
attain
their
highest
level
of
health.
Dr.
camara
Jones
has
previously
mentioned
by
dr.
N
Mendez,
who
is
an
American
physician,
epidemiologist
and
medical
anthropologist,
as
well
as
a
civil
rights
activist
who
specializes
on
the
effects
of
racism
and
social
inequalities
on
personal
health,
further
studies,
the
impact
of
racism
on
communities.
We
can
see
how
this
structured
system
of
advantage
and
disadvantage
plays
out
in
neighborhood
conditions,
investments
in
education
and
law
enforcement
and
health
and
even
in
politics.
N
But
what
does
this
look
like
for
the
health
of
black
babies
in
our
region?
There
were
just
under
4
million
births
in
the
United
States
and
2016.
The
infant
mortality
rate,
which
is
the
number
of
deaths
per
1,000
live
births,
was
five
point:
eight,
seven
again,
mrs.
2016
for
the
entire
country
for
whites.
This
rate
was
four
point:
nine
for
blacks.
This
rate
was
eleven
point:
nine
in
Allegheny
County,
with
a
little
over
thirteen
thousand
births
in
2016.
The
infant
mortality
rate
collectively
was
six
point
one
for
white.
N
This
rate
was
three
point
three
lower
than
the
national
average
for
blacks.
This
rate
was
fourteen
point
nine
above
the
national
average.
This
is
our
county
in
2015
for
the
city
of
Pittsburgh.
The
infant
mortality
rate
for
black
babies
was
thirteen
point
eight
again
above
the
national
average.
A
strong
and
consistent
body
of
research
tells
us
that
this
is
not
a
consistent,
a
coincidence
of
poor
personal
choices
or
genetic
inferiority
dr.
N
N
The
black
mama's
matter
alliance
states,
engagement
of
communities,
most
impacted
in
crafting
policies
and
programs
that
impact
their
ability
to
thrive
is
a
core
human
rights
principle.
Dr.
Darrell
Mendez
associate
professor
at
the
University
of
Pittsburgh
Graduate
School
of
Public
Health
and
center
for
health
equity
in
response
to
a
public
8
publication
regarding
the
appropriate
use
of
race
and
research,
says
investigators
should
engage
affected
communities
in
exploring
the
construction
of
race
and
how
it
shows
up
in
their
lives.
N
There
are
methods
to
facilitate
this
that
can
deeply
influence
how
research
is
carried
out
and
its
effects
on
black
people's
lives.
Third
partnering
with
critical
race
scholars,
public
health,
practitioners
and
transdisciplinary
teams
is
critical,
dr.
Gioia
career
parry,
founder
and
president
of
the
national
birth
equity
collaborative
a
member
of
the
black
mambas
matter
alliance
states.
Cultural
transformation
depends
on
the
capacity
for
providers
and
systems
to
listen,
understand
and
respond
to
community
voices
and,
finally,
a
collection
of
black
women
and
Femmes
in
Pittsburgh,
who
have
been
doing
maternal
child
health
and
public
health.
N
Work
stated
in
response
to
the
gender
equity
report.
These
reports
and
their
conclusions
will
not
only
serve
as
a
basis
for
suggested
policy,
but
also
allocation
of
resources
when,
as
a
collective
of
black
women
and
Femmes,
we
have
been
leading
this
work
in
many
cases,
without
financial
resources,
institutional
support
and
platforms
to
recognize
our
thought
leadership.
These
recommendations
should
come
from
the
black
community
and
those
who
have
been
long
engaged
in
this
work,
centering
them
as
experts
in
their
own
well-being,
dr.
N
Abby
Honda
Alisa,
Davis,
Tamiya,
Horsley,
Danae,
Wilson,
Dara,
Mendez,
Felicia,
savage
Freedman
Irene
got
through
Jada
charelle
Jessica
Ruffin,
Latasha,
Mayes,
lovey,
jewel
Jackson,
Foster,
Maxine,
right
waters
and
gauzy
Dee
Tibbs
Rochelle,
Jackson,
Sharon,
McDaniel,
shimira,
Williams,
sueño,
Viveiros,
Tiffany,
Gary,
Webb
and
windy
guy
locally
and
nationally
Healthy
Start
is
working
to
strengthen
the
foundations
at
the
community
state
and
national
levels
to
help
women
and
infants
and
families
reach
their
fullest
potential.
We
believe
that
racism
is
a
significant
contributor
to
these
disparities
and
outcomes.
N
We
believe
that
solutions
lie
in
the
communities
and
investments
should
reflect
this
throughout
Pittsburgh
and
Allegheny
County
Healthy
Start
serves
over
1,000
women
and
babies
annually
in
hopes
of
mitigating
some
of
the
crippling
impacts
of
racism
on
their
lives.
By
providing
direct
support,
education,
medical
advocacy
and
systems
coordination.
Our
mothers
and
babies
are
far
more
equipped
to
navigate
the
various
systems
that
impact
their
health.
We
also
consider
our
family's
experiences,
concerns
hopes
and
aspirations
and
the
context
in
which
they
live
to
be
just
as
important
as
any
data
point
where
women
are
not
healthy.
N
Our
health
systems,
as
well
as
the
myriad
of
other
systems
that
have
been
previously
mentioned.
Dr.
kimberlé
crenshaw,
a
professor
professor
at
Columbia,
Law
School,
who
also
directs
the
Center
for
intersectionality
and
social
policy
studies
and
is
co-founder
of
the
african-american
Policy
Forum
&
Co
coined
the
term
intersectionality,
which
describes
racism
and
sexism
as
interlocking
systems
of
oppression,
resulting
in
a
form
of
disadvantage
that
affects
black
women.
Uniquely
intersectionality
is
a
critical
equity,
focused
approach
that
needs
to
be
explicit
in
this
legislation.
N
M
You
thank
you
very
much
for
asking
me
to
speak
today.
As
you
said,
my
name
is
dr.
Shanna
Thorpe
Gilliam
I
am
a
developmental
psychologist
by
training
I'm,
the
director
of
research
and
evaluation
at
the
homeless,
Children's
Village
as
I've
set
here
and
listen
today.
I
have
nothing
more
to
add
to
the
science
I
think
it's
been
thoroughly
explained
and
there's
their
myriad
and
robust
reasons
why
this
is
an
issue
that
we
need
to
move
forward
with.
In
this
way,
fellow
Pitts
Pittsburghers
we
have
a
choice.
To
make
will
be.
M
That's
a
question:
we
have
to
make
it's
a
question
we
have
to
answer.
We
have
to
address
it
not
only
at
the
highest
levels
of
the
city
government,
but
also
in
the
streets
in
the
alleys
in
our
communities.
We
must
have
full
and
direct
inclusion
of
communities
to
be
a
part
of
the
change
that
we
want
to
see.
Do
not
do
things
to
us.
We
want
to
do
them
together.
I'm
reminded
of
my
mother
and
my
grandfather,
who
were
active
civil
rights
activists.
M
M
There
is
a
legacy
that
we
have
to
recognize
and
appreciate
that
the
fight
is
not
over.
We
must
continue
to
stand
for
citizens
who
do
not
have
a
voice
in
this
room
today.
We
must
also
stand
for
youth,
who
were
active,
viable
valuable
contributors
to
those
1960s
movements.
This
is
their
future
that
we
are
fighting
for
today.
They
should
be
at
the
table.
M
This
is
not
difficult:
it's
not
difficult
to
bring
people
into
a
conversation
and
not
have
a
conversation
about
them,
but
to
have
it
with
them.
These
concepts
are
complex,
but
they're
not
so
complex
that
young
people
cannot
get
the
information
that
they
need
to
feel
like
they
are
actually
being
included
in
this
process
and
as
a
person
who
has
devoted
my
life
to
the
service
of
a
community
that
is
looking
and
asking
the
question:
how
are
our
children
I
encourage
us
to
not
leave
out
the
youth?
Thank
you
thank.
B
B
R
That's
a
lot
to
digest.
I'll
tell
you
what
this
you
know,
I
want
to.
Thank
all
these
same
people
who
were
on
the
panels.
I
came
here
to
listen
today,
more
than
anything
and
I
learned
a
lot.
You
know
a
lot
of
a
lot
of
figures
that
are
really
disturbing.
Actually
to
me
and
I'll
say
this:
you
know
it
breaks
my
heart
that
you
know
the
city
of
Pittsburgh
is
below
average
when
it
comes
to
racial
discrimination.
R
It
really
breaks
my
heart
and
maybe
it's
because
I'm
a
white
kid
that
grew
up
in
Beachview
very,
very
much
poverty-stricken.
We
didn't
have
a
family
car,
we
didn't
have
a
house.
We
struggled
and
I
think
my
upbringing
and
I'll
credit.
My
mother,
there
was
no
room
for
racism.
We
don't
have
a
racist
bone
in
our
body,
at
least
in
my
family
and
I'm,
not
so
naive,
to
think
that's
the
case
amongst
the
other
neighbors,
of
course.
R
But
but
you
know,
when
I
buy
the
time,
I
got
the
high
school
I'm
a
big
believer
in
segregation.
You
know
we
were
thrown
together
with
the
Hill
District
in
Hazelwood
and
Beachview
in
Brookline,
and
you
know
it
was.
Is
that
for
you
I'm
sorry,
so
so,
and
it
was
a
really
great
experience
for
me.
You
know
I
played
on
the
football
team.
I
fought
beside
the
kids
from
the
Hill
District
and
they
had
my
back
and
we
had
their
back
and
you
know.
R
I
was
proud
to
fight
with
them
and
when
we
talk
about
you
know
when
we
talk
about
work,
work,
development,
I,
often
wonder
and
I
talked
to
councilman
Lavelle
about
this.
On
occasion
you
know
people
that
I
went
to
school
with
who
were
great
leaders,
whether
it
be
on
that
field
or
in
school,
and
why
they're
not
working
in
our
local
building
trades
or
why,
though,
I
don't
see
him
as
police
officers
on
the
street,
so
I
don't
claim
to
know
you
know
the
answers
to
all
these
difficult
questions,
but
I
do
know.
R
This
I
worked
with
Reverend
Burgess
in
his
neighborhood
I,
see
the
fight
that
he
gives
for
equality
in
his
neighborhood
and
and
the
people
who
get
behind
him
and
and
the
effort
he
puts
in
saying
with
Councilman
LaBelle.
You
know,
I'm
really
excited
about
the
lower
Hill
development
and
an
income
and
talking
to
councilman
Lavelle
I
know
his
priority
is
number
one
that
that
development
goes
up
the
hill
throughout
the
hill.
So
everybody
you
know
Advantix
advantage
of
the
fort.
R
The
great
I
think
development
that's
going
to
go
on
there,
so
so
what
I
will
tell
you
today
is
this
white
councilman
from
the
South
Hills
is
in
full
support
of
councilman
Burgess
and
mr.
LaBelle,
and
you
all
here
today
and
you
can
count
on
me.
You
know
to
have
your
back
as
my
brothers
and
sisters
and
the
hill
always
had
mine,
Thank,
You,
councilman,.
S
Thank
all
of
the
members
who
came
out
all
the
participants
who
came
out
to
testify
and
share
your
knowledge
with
us
and
and
with
the
public,
and
also
to
the
members
of
the
audience
who
came
out
to
spend
their
day
learning
and
supporting
the
work
on
this
issue.
And,
of
course,
the
councilmembers
who
introduced
the
legislation,
councilman,
LaBelle
and
councilman
Burgess.
So
I
want
to
acknowledge
a
few
of
the
things
that
I
heard.
S
That
I
think
we
as
a
body
have
heard
the
call
to
action
to
take
action
right
and
we're
so
we're
looking
for
those
actionable
things
and
what
I
heard
repeated
over
and
over
was
not
just
the
emphasis
to
focus
on
the
intersections
right.
The
intersectionality
forgive
me
so
that
we
know,
through
the
feminist
fear
project
and
through
other
testimony
in
so
many
panels
that
it's
gender
and
class
and
classes,
gender,
race
and
class
really
the
intersect
so
strongly.
S
And
we
saw
that
dramatically
in
the
presentations,
but
also
that
the
numbers
really
tell
us
that
it's
poverty
and
wealth,
disparity
and
wealth
inequity.
That's
really
shaping
so
much
of
the
outcomes
that
we're
seeing.
That's
what
I
heard
in
panel
after
panel
right
and
I
think
this.
That
is
the
place.
We
have
the
capacity
to
take
action,
and
so
we've
been
looking
through
the
work
again.
S
It's
the
council,
members
of
all
Ann
Burgess,
have
emphasized
on
wage
disparities
on
affordable
housing
and
look
to
where
we
can
apply
investment
to
counteract
historic,
disinvestment
and
now
I
mean
I
also
want
to
say
in
having
these
panels
here
today
you
we
need
to
hold
ourselves
accountable
and
the
public
should
hold
us
accountable
to
see
improvements.
We
don't
want
to
see
this
report
being
the
same
in
the
future.
We
want
to
see
improved
equity.
S
It
is
better
for
everyone
in
the
city,
so
that
and
I
want
to
acknowledge,
also
that
we
heard
the
very
overwhelming
number
of
45%
of
African
American
children
live
in
poverty,
in
the
city
of
Pittsburgh,
right
and
and
at
least
in
this
report.
Now
we
have
it
for
just
the
city
numbers:
that's
not
the
Metro,
that's
not
the
county,
that's
not
some
other
municipality.
This
is
us
and
we
need
to
do
better.
We
need
to
do
better.
So
that
is
let
us
change.
S
What
we're
doing
right
so
we
can
get
different
outcomes
and
I
want
to
acknowledge,
also
that
we
heard
that
child
care
is
one
of
the
places
that
is
a
cost
burden
on
so
many
families,
it's
african-american
families
in
the
city
of
Pittsburgh,
so
we
have,
we
shall
commit
to
work
on
those
issues.
Thank
you
for
all
your
work.
Thank.
B
T
Thank
you,
I'll,
be
very
brief.
The
dr.
Hal
cited
an
example
and
I.
Don't
I'm
not
gonna
get
this
verbatim,
but
essentially
she
mentioned.
She
used
an
example
where
black
girls
were
less
likely
to
take
I
want
to
say
it
was
algebra,
be
recommended
for
algebra,
but
when
they
actually
took
it,
they
did
better
than
all
their
counterparts.
I
use
that,
to
simply
say
we
don't,
we
should
not
be
trying
to
fix
the
people.
We
have
to
fix
the
structural
system.
T
That
is
not
allowing
them
to
succeed
in
to
improve
and
that's
a
racist
structure
that
we,
as
collectively
have
to
go
about.
Addressing
I'll.
Also
echo
your
sentiments
Tim,
which
is
you
say
this
is
not
a
black
problem.
This
is
an
American
problem.
This
is
a
Pittsburgh
problem,
and
so
when
we
have
it
have
that
understanding.
In
that
context
to
understand
that's
a
fixture
structural
structurally
racist
system
is
to
the
benefit
of
all
of
us,
collectively.
I
think
we
can
go
about
doing
that
work.
T
There
is
no
city
in
America
that
is
growing
simply
because
white
people
do
well
that's
not
happening
in
our
country
and,
despite
our
accolades,
this
city
can
techno.
This
city
continues
to
lose
population
every
year
for
over
30
years.
Now,
that
means
the
city
is
actually
dying.
Despite
our
accolades,
we
can
fix
that
by
fixing
the
porch,
the
black
and
brown
people
who
live
in
our
city
and
lift
them
up
with
that
being
said,
I
do
want
to
thank
everyone
who
provided
testimony
today,
specifically
I,
don't
want
to
miss
her
name
up
dr.
Dara
Mendez.
T
You
gave
us
eight
recommendations.
I
certainly
believe
we
can
incorporate
those
recommendations,
as
well
as
some
that
you
made
as
well
into
our
our
policy
I.
Think
many
of
them
go
into
separate
pieces
of
the
legislation,
but
it
can
certainly
be
incorporated.
So
thank
you
and
we
certainly
forward
to
working
with
you
as
we
move
towards
actual
policies.
That
begin
to
fundamentally
change
this
and
absolutely
we
will
do
it
with
you,
not
it
not
for
you
it'll,
be
with
you.
Okay,
all
right.
The
point
was
hurt.
V
V
Really
it
is
and
it's
it's
time
to
start
doing
in
those
neighborhoods
I
mean
we
get
the
CDBG
dollars.
It
can't
use
CDBG
dollars
in
CDBG
neighborhoods
and
just
use
the
other
money
in
regular
neighborhoods
that
supposed
to
be
extra
for
the
poor
neighborhoods
to
get
things
done.
I
do
know
that
that's
correct
and
it
hasn't
happened
and
until
things
like
yet
start
happening,
it's
going
to
stay
the
same,
and
it's
not
right.
N
V
V
Pittsburgh
Public
Schools
used
to
open
the
school's
up
at
night
in
a
city
of
Pittsburgh
paid
for
the
people
to
be
there
and
they
learned
a
lot
and
one
of
the
things
as
I
was
coming
back
that
that
I
heard
councilman
Coghill
say
was
about
the
trades
and
do
you
know
I
put
when
I
was
on
Pittsburgh
school
board.
I
put
the
implementation
in
for
the
Pittsburgh
public
school
children
to
get
into
the
trades.
V
N
V
V
I've
worked
with
the
Rev
and
I
worked
with
Daniel
in
the
neighborhoods
and
Daniel
has
a
little
part
of
the
Northside.
I
tease
him
about
that.
But
you
know
I'm
happy
to
work
with
and
to
try
to
get
something
done,
because
you
can't
just
keep
coming
and
bringing
people
to
the
table
and
nothing's
happening.
It
has
to
happen.
Thank
you
and
thank
you
for
all
being
here
and
staying
I.
B
Want
to
finally,
first
of
all,
I
want
to
thank
all
of
the
panel
participants
for
their
important
insight.
I
want
to
thank
all
of
you
who
have
come
and
participated
and
been
audience
I
want
to
thank
in
advance
those
who
will
be
there
tonight
at
6:30.
It
would
be
a
long
day,
probably
40
or
50
people
now
have
signed
up,
and
so
it
will
be
a
moment.
B
She
has
councils
policy
and
equity
analyst
a
full-time
position
lawyer
and
has
brought
a
level
of
expertise
to
this
work.
For
us,
I
want
to
thank
my
council
members
of
council
I.
Think
seven
members
of
council
have
participated
on
a
Thursday,
not
their
normal
day,
to
be
in
the
building,
and
so
we
are
grateful
for
your
participation
and
to
be
a
part
of
this,
because
to
do
this,
it
will
take
all
of
us
working
together.
I
do
understand
that
you're
going
to
hear
some
pain
both
today
and
tonight.
B
You're
going
to
hear
sometimes
when
people
cry
out
is
because
they're
in
pain
and
when
they're
in
pain,
they're
going
to
cry
out
I
hear
that
I
am
I
have
spent.
My
entire
career
I
have
spent
my
entire
career
working
in
Homewood,
I
have
lived,
I
had
passed
a
church,
one
block
from
where
I
was
born
and
raised.
I
lived
three
blocks
from
that
place.
Now.
I
spent
my
entire
life,
raising
my
family
and
now
serving
on
council
and
teaching
in
college.
In
that
same
place,
and
my
children
are
almost
grown.
B
My
daughter's
a
senior
in
college
I
have
three
sons,
all
undergrad
to
have
graduates
who
are
doing
active,
PA
or
full-time
PhD
students.
My
children
are
doing
okay,
but
but
I
have
eight
grand
nieces
and
nephews
who
are
between
four
and
ten
years
old
and
I
was
I,
was
sitting
at
home
once
you
know
on
a
Friday
and
they
were
not
there,
and
my
wife
and
I
decided
to
go,
get
them
on.
B
We
get
them
at
least
once
a
month
for
the
weekends,
sometimes
twice
a
month,
although
I
have
kids
in
the
church.
My
really
point
is
the
work
doesn't
stop,
even
when
your
kids
have
made
it
it
hasn't.
It
is
not
enough
as
long
as
there's
these
children
growing
up
in
poverty
without
access
to
health
care
without
a
vision
for
future
the
work
doesn't
stop.
B
The
myth
is
that
it
is
a
problem
in
our
community
that
it's
a
home
would
prob
ylim
or
that
it's
a
hill
district
problem
or
that's
a
black
problem.
If
you
take
that
bait,
you
lose.
If
you
take
that
bait
you
lose.
This
is
not
a
homeless
problem.
This
is
not
a
block
people's
problem.
This
is
a
city
problem
and
this
is
an
American
problem
and
it
will
take
all
of
us
every
community
government
nonprofits
corporations
coming
together
and
working
together.
Now
all
of
us
have
different
lanes.
B
There
are
those
of
us
who
do
direct
services
and
I've
done
that
work,
I'm
old.
So
some
of
you
are
old
enough
to
remember,
but
I've
done
that
work
right.
I've
I
was
the
director
of
education
at
the
county,
jail
I
I
ran
out
exit
pieces,
I've
done
that
I've
run
social
services.
I've
done
that
part
right.
Some
of
that
work
is
important.
Then
there
are
community-based
organizations
also
ran
a
non-profit
for
a
while
and
I've
done
that
work
too.
That's
important
right,
building
communities
building
to
an
individual
work.
B
B
You
can
do
that,
but
unless
you
set
up
policies
that
change
the
structure
of
our
system,
nothing
will
change,
and
that
is
what
I'm
at
this
table
to
do
right
to
change
the
structure
so
that
when
I'm
sleep
everyday
home,
what
gets
better
when
when
I'm
gone
only
gets
better
and
that
takes
us
all
working
together.
Councilman
Lavelle,
along
with
council,
want
to
block
elected
officials.
We
are
going
to
now
this
policy
stuff
on.
B
This
is
the
beginning
of
Korean
years
years,
long
process
of
creating
innovative
policy
which
will
drive
resources
to
create
a
to
to
to
change
our
city.
We
have
this
moment
to
do
this
and
again
I
hear
the
pay
I
do
hear
the
pain
and
I'm.
So
sorry,
yes,
I,
actually
do
and
so
and
so,
and
so
and
so
and
so
and
so
I
got
it,
and
so,
as
a
result
we
may
disagree
on.
We
may
disagree,
we
may
disagree.
B
We
must
have
been
made.
We
may
disagree
on
process,
but
now,
but
now
we
should
not
disagree
on
product
on
who
we
trying
to
help.
We
may
disagree
on
how
to
help
them,
but
we
don't
disagree
on
who
to
help,
and
so
with
that,
I
am
thankful
for
all
their
your
participation
again
6:30
tonight,
a
long
night
will
be
at
the
Ebenezer
Baptist
Church
for
a
public
hearing.
I
look
forward
to
seeing
you
there
again
thank
everybody
for
your
participation.
God
bless
you
and
good
night
I
need
a
motion
to
adjourn.