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From YouTube: League of Women Voters: Climate Action- Simple Steps to Leave a Better World for Your Children
Description
An Earth Day and sustainability presentation is came to City Hall. The Bloomington Sustainability Commission and League of Women Voters Bloomington are hosted “Climate Action: Simple Steps to Leave a Better World for Your Children” on Tuesday, April 30, at City Council Chambers, Civic Plaza, 1800 West Old Shakopee Road.
Meet your Sustainability Commission, and learn what you can do that will make a difference. Speakers include Mayor Gene Winstead, members of the Bloomington Sustainability Commission and Twin Cities’ top experts on recycling, sustainable eating, electric vehicles, energy efficiency and renewable electricity.
A
Thank
you,
everyone
for
coming
tonight
for
our
program,
climate
action,
simple
steps
to
leave
a
better
world
for
your
children.
This
is
hosted
by
two
organizations:
the
Bloomington
sustainability
Commission,
which
you'll
introduce
and
you'll
hear
from
shortly,
and
also
the
League
of
Women
Voters
Bloomington,
which
I'm
a
member,
the
League
of
Women
Voters
Bloomington
is
a
nonpartisan
political
organization
which
encourages
informed
and
active
participation
in
government
and
influences
public
policy
and
education
through
education
and
advocacy.
A
The
Bloomington
league
has
a
long
history
in
this
community
and
is
a
resource
for
questions
about
issues,
candidates,
voting
procedures
and
resident
involvement.
We
meet
regularly
throughout
the
year
and
coordinate
candidate
forms,
community
service
projects,
informational
events
like
this
evenings
and
other
activities.
I
am
Lois
nor
Gard
and
I'm
going
to
be
your
emcee
for
the
evening
and
introduce
our
other
speakers
with
that
I'm
going
to
kick
in
and
introduce
our
first
speaker
was
just
somebody
who
needs
no
introduction,
but
Jean
Winstead.
A
He
is
a
longtime
mayor
of
Bloomington
and
he
is
also
a
small
business
owner.
So
he
is
the
owner
of
Ike's
restaurant
there's
one
and
in
Minneapolis,
one
in
the
Minneapolis
st.
Paul,
Airport,
International,
Airport
and
also
one
in
Bloomington
along
494.
So
I
will
introduce
Jean
and
he'll.
Have
his
remarks
for
us
here
this
evening.
B
Appreciated
it's
it's
all
there.
Well,
it's
fun
here
to
be
here
this
evening
wrists,
really
to
greet
you
and
say
thank
you
for
coming
out
and
thank
you
to
the
League
of
Women
Voters
who
keep
the
topics
that
are
so
important
to
all
of
us
in
our
communities.
They
keep
them
on
the
forefront
and
they're
out
here
and
by
sponsoring
something
like
this
tonight,
but
also
on
this
subject
matter.
The
city
of
Bloomington
really
has
engaged
with
its
sustainability.
Commission
and
I'll
tell
you.
B
These
are
people
in
our
community
that
have
a
passion
for
what's
going
on
here
and
it's
on
this
Earth
Day
event.
It's
they
really
do
express
it
well,
but
they
keep
it
in
our
forefront
and
really
they're.
We
really
lean
upon
them
as
your
city
leaders
to
really
implement
programs
and
just
an
understanding
of
what's
going
on
and
keeping
us
moving
as
a
city
with
sustainability,
environmental
sustainability
and
just
so
many
things
in
so
many
ways.
So
I
have
to
just
really
say
thank
you
to
the
sustainability
Commission.
B
We
have
adopted
a
sustainability
as
a
strategic
priority
for
the
city
of
Bloomington,
and
what
that
means
is
everything
we
decide
on
the
city.
Every
policy
we
put
forth
every
ordinance
we
put
out
there
we
layer
on
a
sustainability
component.
Is
it
the
right
thing
to
do?
Is
it
the
thing
that
should
be
done
for
the
community?
Is
it
something
that
is
good
really
for
Bloomington
and
the
region
and
the
state
and
the
earth?
B
So
it
said
we
have
to
always
be
thinking
down
those
lines
and
we
send
all
these
things
through
our
sustainability
Commission
that
they
can
comment,
and
they
can
give
us
expert
advice
on
what
we
should
and
shouldn't
be
doing.
The
city
has
accomplished
so
many
things
with
really
the
support
and
the
the
direction
of
the
sustainability
Commission.
B
We
have
entered
into
what's
called
the
green
steps
program
over
time
and
really
what
that
does
it?
It's
some
of
the
best
practices
that
can
be
put
out
there
for
sustainability
programs
and
practices,
and
what
it
is
is
it's
even
how
we
design
streets,
it's
the
efficiency
of
our
city
vehicles.
You
know
what
we
should
be
doing.
What
we
should
be
buying
is
city
vehicles
to
accomplish
goals
our
operations
of
our
own
buildings.
You
know
the
HVAC
systems,
the
lighting
things
like
that.
B
You
know
full
of
LED
lights
in
here,
they're
awfully
bright
too
so,
but
it's
but
they
are
LEDs,
and
so
they
are
very
efficient.
So
we
look
at
those
things
going
for
their
arbor
day,
our
urban
forest.
It
plays
a
part,
and
all
that
goes
on
in
the
health
of
our
city
and
really
the
region.
Stormwater
management
just
different
things
like
this,
how
we
handle
all
these
things
are
things
that
the
city
is
addressing
and
working
on.
You
know
we're.
It
was
mentioned.
B
We,
the
sustainability
Commission,
has
been
working
with
our
local
businesses
too,
for
them
to
put
in
some
best
practices
on
what
they
can
do,
and
you
mentioned
the
shameless
plug
about
the
business
I
have
here
in
Bloomington.
What's
a
restaurant
and
you'd
be
surprised
how
many
small
things
we
can
do
in
that
restaurant
business
that
can
address
the
issues
that
we're
gonna
be
discussing
tonight.
B
We
do
things
like
well.
First
of
all,
when
we
went
to
build
and
put
the
restaurant
in
Bloomington,
we
went
into
a
LEED
certified
building
very
energy-efficient
building.
We
have
got
LED
light
bulbs
throughout
the
restaurant
every
place
we
can
put
them.
We
do
organics
recycling,
we
do
compostable
to-go
containers
and
things
like
that.
Just
all
the
little
things
that
can
come
together
and
we
can
help,
inform
and
address
these
issues
with
all
the
businesses
in
Bloomington.
It's
gonna
take
time
it
takes
effort
and
it
takes
resources,
but
it
is
the
ultimate
goal.
B
So
you
know
these
are
the
different
things
that
we're
doing
you
know
our
sustainability
Commission
and
put
out
a
plan
to
that
was
approved
by
the
City
Council
and
it's
to
reduce
carbon
emissions
within
the
city
of
Bloomington
by
seventy
five
percent
by
the
year
2035.
It's
an
aggressive
goal,
they've
put
out
there,
but
we
can
keep.
If
we
keep
working
at
it,
we
can
get
there,
we
can
do
it
and
it
really
aligns
with
some
of
the
other
that
are
being
put
out
by
other
entities
and
agencies.
B
But
Bloomington
is
going
to
be
out
there
working
in
the
same
direction,
and
so
you
know
we're
going
in
at
that.
So
the
other
thing,
too
is
the
city
of
Bloomington,
has
added
some
staff
people
we
put
on
a
coordinator
this
past
year
for
the
sustainability
Commission
for
them
to
do
their
work,
because
it
does
take
a
lot
of
work
to
get
these
things
done.
So
these
are
the
things
that
your
city
is
doing
and
I'm
happy
to
stand
here
and
say
that
we're
working
in
that
direction.
B
B
So
we're
working
in
that
direction,
but
you
need
to
know
that
the
utilities
that
the
different
entities,
the
businesses,
are
all
working
to
make
this
a
better
community,
and
so
we're
here
gonna
be
some
fun
things
to
talk
about
and
do
tonight.
So
let's
get
going
with
it
and
thank
you
for
coming
and
it's
great
to
see
everyone
here.
A
I'm
going
to
talk
a
little
bit
about
the
agenda
that
we
have
going
on
this
evening
and
then
I'll
introduce
our
questions.
We're
gonna
do
a
little
test
questions,
so
you
can
test
out
your
buttons
and
then
I'll
introduce
the
sustainability
commission
chair
so
that
you
can
hear
about
what's
going
on
through
the
Commission,
but
yeah,
basically
we're
gonna.
Well,
do
the
welcoming
remarks
we're
going
to
introduce
the
Commission
and
you'll
get
a
little
chance
to
meet
some
of
the
commission
members?
Overall
energy
and
carbon
conversation
will
have
we're.
A
Gonna
have
a
home
energy
efficiency
conversation,
some
simple
steps
that
you
can
take
in
your
own
homes,
renewable
energy
and
the
wind
source
is
one
of
those
but
you'll
hear
more
about
some
of
that.
The
electric
vehicles
will
be
introduced
and
I
know.
Hopefully
some
of
you
had
a
chance
to
get
out
and
see
some
of
them
that
were
parked
out
in
our
lot
at
6:15
and
we'll
have
a
conversation
about
the
organics
and
solid
waste
that
we
have
going
on
in
the
city.
There's
also
a
food
and
agriculture
conversation.
A
That's
going
on
so
we'll
have
a
the
second
largest
source
of
carbon
introduced
through
an
organization
so
with
that
I
think
we
are
at
the
question
time.
So
your
first
question
here
test
question
is
how
much
do
you
know
about
the
Environmental
Quality
board,
the
EQB
here
in
Minnesota,
so
it's
our
Minnesota
Environmental
Quality
board.
A
I'll
have
a
definition
at
the
end
of
the
night
about
who
this
is
so
with
that
I'm
going
to
move
on
to
our
next
question
and
introduce
Tim
prior
to
hearing
about
this
event.
What
did
you
know
about
the
sustainability,
Commission
and
you'll
have
a
chance
to
answer
this
question
as
I
invite
Tim
up
to
speak,
but
Tim
has
been
in
a
Bloomington
resident
for
almost
30
years.
He's
retired
so
has
time
to
focus
on
things.
He
is
passionate
about.
A
After
a
nearly
40
year,
career
in
information
technology
as
consultant
manager
and
executive,
he
is
now
devoting
his
time
to
organizing
like-minded
people
to
work
toward
a
sustainable
future
in
2015,
Tim
formed
a
task
force
to
look
at
the
possibility
of
getting
a
sustainability
or
establishing
a
sustainability.
Commission
modeled
after
similar
Commission's
and
cities
around
us,
Eden
Prairie,
st.
Louis,
Park
and
Edina.
A
The
task
force
presented
their
findings
to
the
City
Council
and
recommended
that
they
make
environment
sustainability,
one
of
their
top
priorities
as
the
city
of
Bloomington
priority
for
Bloomington
and
to
form
a
commission
to
lead
on
implementing
their
strategies.
The
council
agreed
and
in
October
of
2016
the
Bloomington
City
Council
unanimously
established
the
Bloomington
sustainability
Commission
in
January
of
2017,
the
council
appointed
nine
members
to
the
first
Commission
and
in
March
of
that
year,
Tim
Sandri
was
elected
as
the
first
chair
of
the
Commission
and
continues
in
that
role
today.
D
D
The
room
is
pretty
full,
which
is
really
really
a
good
sign,
so,
especially
on
a
kind
of
a
cool
kind
of
rainy
night,
I'm
sure
that
the
electric
vehicle
thing
was
a
little
wet,
but
hopefully
you
got
a
chance
to
to
take
a
look
at
it
today,
I'm
going
to
just
do
a
brief
overview
of
the
Commission
and
discuss
some
of
the
high
level
indicators
of
the
status
of
sustainability
within
Bloomington.
You
know
really
both
boils
down
to.
Why
do
we
care?
You
know
what
what
is
it
you
know?
D
What's
going
on
that,
we
should
be
concerned
about
this
I'm
going
I'm
gonna
go
over
some
of
that
briefly
and
then
spend
some
time
just
talking
a
little
bit
about
what
the
Commission
is
up
to
whatever
what
it's?
What
what's
our
main
focus
at
this
point
in
time
and
I'm
gonna
leave
two
other
speakers
to
talk
about
specifically
what
you
can
do
and
if
you
want
to
you
know,
talk
about
any
of
this
more,
please
stop
by
our
table
after
the
event.
D
So
as
Lois
and
the
mayor
indicated,
there
was
some
strategic
planning
that
City
Council
did
a
few
years
ago,
and
they
decided
that
environmental
sustainability
should
be
one
of
the
stuccis
for
the
city
going
forward,
and
out
of
that
was
born
the
sustainability
Commission.
This
is
the
current
make
up.
There's
10
members
and
the
ordinance
that
established
us
requires
that
at
least
a
majority
of
us
have
deep
expertise
in
some
area
of
sustainability.
So
it's
not
only
people
who
are
passionate
about
this,
but
it's
also
people
who
know
a
lot
about
it.
D
D
You
know
for
the
benefit
of
this
current
generation,
but
especially
the
future
generations,
and
knowing
that
we
have
a
population
of
85,000
people
here
in
Bloomington,
and
we
probably
have
as
many
people
that
work
here,
trying
to
influence
the
behavior
of
170,000
people.
That's
a
pretty
tall
order,
but
you
know
we're
gonna.
Take
it
one
day
at
a
time,
so
behavior
change,
you
know
kind
of
bottom
line.
D
The
this
is
a
long
list,
I'm
not
going
to
read
through
all
these,
but
this
is
a
long
laundry
list
of
things
that
we
are
looking
asking
people
to
change
their
behavior
around
and
it's
broken
up
into
four
different
areas,
which
is
which
is
you
know
in
our
Charter?
These
are
the
areas
that
we
that
we
focus
on
carbon
energy,
solid
waste,
water
and
ecological
land
stewardship,
and
our
speakers
tonight
are
going
to
address
some
of
these
and
for
those
that
they
don't
do.
D
D
So
the
question
is
from
an
energy
and
carbon
standpoint.
Why
do
we
care?
Well,
we
care,
because
the
city
of
Bloomington
generates
over
a
million
tons
of
carbon
on
an
annual
basis,
and
some
of
that
comes
from
natural
gas
and
comes
from
electricity,
and
you
know
you
hear
big
numbers
and
it's
hard
to
get
your
head
around.
What
that
looks
like.
So
what
does
a
million
tons
look
like?
Well,
it
looks
like
ten
of
these
aircraft
carriers.
D
Ten
of
them,
that's
how
much
carbon
we
generate,
or
you
know
two
hundred
thousand
elephants
or
two
hundred
thousand
horses
I
mean
that's
the
that's
the
magnitude
of
the
amount
of
carbon
that
we
generate
on
an
annual
basis.
That's
to
me,
that's
a
call
to
action
and
that's
what
the
bloom
and
sustainability
is.
Is
you
know
that's
why
we're
focused
on
this?
As
the
mayor
mentioned,
we
have
come
up
with
a
a
goal
to
reduce
carbon
emissions
within
the
city
of
Bloomington
by
seventy
five
percent
by
2035.
D
As
he
also
mentioned,
it
is
a.
It
is
a
stiff,
it's
a
it's
a
big
goal,
and
so
we're
gonna
be
focused
a
lot
on
that
and
the
way
we
get
that
done.
There's
two
kind
of
primary
ways:
one
is
Xcel.
Energy
is
actually
gonna.
Do
a
lot
of
work
for
us
by
just
greening
up
their
grid,
they're
they're,
using
more
and
more
wind
and
solar
to
generate
electricity.
In
fact,
if
we
did
nothing,
we'd
probably
get
to
about
30
percent
of
that
goal.
D
D
Doing
the
Home
Energy
Squad
visits
doing
the
the
work
that
comes
out
of
that,
and
it's
it's
looking
at
renewables
sign
up
for
wind
soars,
doing
solar
panels
sign
up
for
a
solar
garden.
You
know
those
sorts
of
things
and
to
get
more
information
about
all
those
things.
You
can
certainly
stop
by
our
table
to
stop
the
by
the
cee
table.
The
the
Xcel
Energy
table.
There's
people
here
that
can
talk
to
you
about.
You
know
those
specific
programs
tonight
in
the
area
of
solid
waste.
We
do
a
pretty
good
job
here
in
Bloomington.
D
We
do
good
job
with
recycling,
and
you
know
that
because
if
you
drive
down
the
street
a
lot
of
cases,
you'll
see
a
large
recycling
bin
on
garbage
day
right
and
a
small
garbage
bin.
You
know,
so
we
do
a
pretty
good
job.
The
only
thing
that
we
really
need
to
worry
about
from
that
perspective
is
making
sure
that
we're
putting
stuff
in
the
recycling
that
belongs
in
recycling-
and
you
know
and
not
contaminating
it.
D
Our
next
target
is,
is
going
to
be
organics
and
and
John
Hymas
is
going
to
talk
a
bit
about
that
tonight,
but
and
why
that's
important?
But
what
many
of
you
may
know
about
this
already?
We
we
have
set
up
some
organic
drop-off
sites
in
the
city
of
Bloomington,
so
that
you
can
go
and
drop
off
your
organics.
D
Ultimately,
we
need
to
get
the
curbside
we're
probably
a
few
years
out.
In
the
mean
time,
we've
set
up
a
process
that
you
can
drop
off,
drop
off
your
organics.
We
also
be
announcing
sometime
this
year,
a
textile
recycling
program.
Textiles
make
up
ten
to
fifteen
percent
of
the
waste
stream,
and
so
this
would
be
a
way
to
not
have
to
throw
away
those
those
textiles.
D
Curbside
recycling,
so
you
may
have
seen
pictures
of
this.
This
is
Burnsville
was
planning
to
build
a
new,
a
new
dump,
and
this
is
an
artist's
rendition
of
what
that's
going
to
look
like
once.
It's
done.
It's
going
to
be
taller
than
than
the
Highland
ski
hill
and
taller
than
Buck,
Hill,
and-
and
this
is
this-
is
artist's
rendition
of
it.
Looking
southward
along
Xerxes
Avenue
as
you
look
down
towards
Burnsville.
So
what
does
this
got
to
do
with
curbside
cleanup?
D
Well,
so,
every
year
we,
you
know
the
curbside
cleanup
program,
we
collect
about
fifteen
hundred
tons
of
stuff
and
it
goes
to
a
landfill
and
it's
going
to
go
to
this
mountain,
so
you
know
and
the
weekly
trash
you
know
that
we
throw
it
goes
through
a
burner,
but
the
curbside
clean-up.
It
all
goes
into
into
the
landfill,
and
you
know
the
burner
has
its
own
issue,
but
from
a
landfill
perspective.
D
This
is
an
ecological
disaster,
because
a
lot
of
this
is
going
to
end
up
generating
methane,
which
is
a
hundred
times
more
powerful,
green
gas
and
carbon
is
so.
This
is
this
is
really
you
know.
This
is
really
not
a
good
thing,
so
what
the
Commission
is
doing,
I
mean
we
know
curbside
cleanups,
really
popular,
we're
not
saying
that
we
should
get
rid
of
curbside
cleanup,
but
we
are
looking
for
is.
Can
we
find
alternatives,
a
lot
of
the
things
that
get
put
out
there
like
mattresses
and
and
couches,
and
carpet
and
stuff
like
that?
D
Water
so
think
in
your
mind,
how
much
water
does
Bloomington
use
on
an
annual
basis?
You
know
maybe
100
million
gallons,
maybe
a
billion
gallons.
You
know
no
idea
well
so
here's
what
the
here's,
what
the
answer
is
city
of
Bloomington
uses,
3.8
billion,
gallons
of
water
and
annual
basis,
and
again
you
know
how
do
you,
how
do
you
visualize,
3.8
billion
gallons,
will
for
those
of
you
that
that
have
ever
been
to
Lake
Harriet?
That's
about
three!
That's
about
that
amount!
Lake
Harriet
is
three
miles
in
diameter
and
about
85
feet
deep.
D
So
that's
so
much
water
we
use
in
an
annual
basis,
and
where
does
it
come
from?
Well,
80%
of
it
comes
from
an
aquifer.
That's
down
below
us
an
aquifer.
That's
being
you
know,
water's
being
drawn
out
by
cities
around
the
Metro
and
we
take
out.
You
know
at
80
percent
of
whatever
80
percent
of
3.8
billion
gallons
is,
and
this
is
an
aquifer.
We
are
drawing
it
out
faster
than
its
recharging.
D
So
long-term.
This
is
not
a
sustainable
solution,
so
the
other
question
is
so:
where
does
what
do
we
do?
Where
do
we
do
with
3.8
billion
gallons
of
water?
Well,
half
of
it
goes
on
our
lawns.
1.75.
You
know
whatever
you
know,
whatever
half
of
that
is,
it
goes
on
our
lawn
and
the
problem
is,
is
that
half
of
that
is
wasted
because
people
water
too
much
they
water
out
the
wrong
time
of
the
day.
You
know
it
evaporates,
so
it
runs
off
into
the
street.
D
Alternate
turfs,
Prairie,
plantings,
rain,
gardens
those
sorts
of
things.
So
we
don't
have
a
speaker
on
water
tonight
so
feel
free
to
stop
by
our
table,
and
we
can
tell
you
more
about
that
surface
water.
We
all
know
what
happened
to
Lake
Normandale
right
they
had
to
they
had
to
drain
it.
They
had
to
put
down
iron
stuff
to
kill
to
neutralize
all
the
phosphate
that
sort
of
thing.
Well,
that's
because
everything
that
we
put
on
our
lawn
ends
up
going
into
the
streams
and
into
the
our
lakes
and
rivers.
D
D
So,
and
as
I
and
I
said,
you
know
the
commissioners
going
to
continue
to
push
residents
to
figure
out
how
to
use
less
fertilizer,
keep
leaves
out
of
the
street.
You
know
all
those
sorts
of
things
to
to
keep
to
keep
the
water
clean.
The
other
issue
is,
is
that
the
nine
mile
watershed
Creek
is
listed
as
impaired
for
chloride
and
chloride
is
really
bad.
You
know,
chloride
is
salt
and
it's
really
bad
it's
hard
to
get.
You
know
once
it's
in
the
water,
you
can't
get
it
out.
D
You
know
I
mean
we
have
oceans
that
have
salt
in
them
that
salt
isn't
coming
out
of
those
oceans.
It
gets
into
a
lake,
it's
not
coming
out
it's
going
to.
It
kills
the
aquatic
plant
life
and
animals
and
in
the
water.
So
where
does
all
this
chloride
come
from
road
salt
right,
the
stuff
that
you
know
now
the
city
of
Bloomington
is
a
leader
in
terms
of
how
little
salt
they
actually
use.
Now,
unfortunately,
the
you
know
the
in
the
commercial.
D
If
your
church
has
a
parking
lot
or
you
go
to
a
store,
that's
got
a
parking
lot.
The
commercial
salt
applicators
aren't
quite
on
the
same
page
yet
so
the
Commission
is,
is
going
to
be
working
to
try
get
businesses
to
look
for
to
higher
low
applicators
that
are
trained
in
low
chloride,
application
and
as
residents
we
gotta
do
the
same
thing.
You
get
a
little.
You
get
a
little
ice
on
your
on
your
driveway
and
you
want
to
go
through
you.
We
got
to
figure
out
how
to
do
that.
D
You
know
just
use
the
minimum
that
that's
needed.
So
there's
education,
that's
out
there
on
the
website
already
and
will
continue
to
to
promote
that
and
last
but
not
least,
ecological
land
stewardship,
so
how
much
of
Bloomington
the
land
in
Bloomington?
How
much
of
that
do,
you
think,
is
open
and
natural?
You
know
it's
parks,
open
natural
spaces,
so
maybe
10
percent,
20
percent,
40
percent.
D
Well,
let's
see
here
about
35
percent
of
Bloomington
is
natural.
Opens
yeah
yeah!
Really
it
you
know.
So
if
you
think
about
the
Minnesota
River
Valley,
you
think
about
Highland
Park,
you
think
about
the
Anderson
lakes.
Tierney
woods.
You
know
when
you
start
thinking
about
it.
We
have
a
lot
of
this
natural
open
space
and
it's
really
a
jewel
for
Bloomington
I
mean
they're
there.
We
probably
have
more
open
space
than
any
other
city
in
the
Metro
right
and
it's
it's
it's
a
secret
and
I
think
it's
even
a
secret
from
the
residents
of
Bloomington.
D
D
You
know
that
are
owned
by
Three
Rivers
or
the
Department
of
Natural
Resources
or
whatever,
as
a
forerunner,
to
come
up
with
a
plan
of
how
do
we
maintain
and
enhance
and
restore
these
areas
for
future
generations,
because
a
lot
of
them
are
becoming
overrun
with
native
species,
invasive
species
and
that
sort
of
thing.
So
that's
really
the
end
of
what
I
had
to
say
about
all
that
170,000
people
that
we
need
to
change
their
behavior
right
and
you
know,
behavior
change
doesn't
come
from
putting
a
notice
in
the
briefing
or
you
know
whatever.
D
It
really
comes
from
having
face-to-face
conversations
like
this.
So
as
you
have
a
church
group
or
a
some
other
service
group
that
you
think
might
be
interested
in
hearing
about
this,
a
lot
of
snow
would
be
happy
to
come
out
and
talk,
give
people
specific
ideas
about
what
they
can
do
in
their
life
to
to
be
more
sustainable.
Thank
you
thank
you
for
coming
tonight.
So.
A
Yes,
the
next
question
is
this:
one
and
I
think
was
there
time
that
we
were
collecting
questions
on
cards
for
Tim?
No,
okay,
all
right.
So
this
is
your
next
question
to
test
with
your
beeper
and
then
I
will
introduce
our
next
speaker.
Joe
Stroman
Joe
serves
on
the
sustainability
Commission
for
the
city
of
Bloomington
he's
focusing
mainly
on
energy
issues.
He
grew
up
in
Bloomington
and
lives
here
now
with
his
wife
and
children.
He
recently
started
a
business
20:40
energy
to
develop
clean
energy
heating
solutions
for
cold
climates
like
Minnesota.
A
E
E
Welcome
back
to
this.
Welcome
back
to
what
we
thought
about
this
in
a
moment.
Here's
what
the
country
thinks
this
was
a
study
just
in
January
yelled,
at
a
survey
nationwide.
How
concerned
are
Americans
about
global
warming
and
they
are
the
category
that
dominated
this
room
very
concerned
is
the
smallest
out
of
all
the
three
options
that
they
had
nationwide.
E
You
know
a
big
percentage
of
the
country
isn't
concerned
about
this
at
all.
They
think
it's
not
a
problem
or
that
somebody
else
is
taking
care
of
it.
So
you
know
what
does
this
mean
for
us?
If
we're
in
that
green
section
of
the
pie,
or
maybe
in
in
the
greenish
part
of
the
yellow
part
of
the
pie,
it
means
that
we
have
to
do
more
than
our
fair
share,
because
a
lot
of
people
aren't
gonna
do
anything
at
all,
and
a
lot
of
people
are
only
gonna
do
a
very
little.
E
So
we,
the
federal
government,
is
doing
very
little
and
the
state
government
is,
you
know,
they're
also
doing
a
very
little
so
the
responsibility
to
move
things
forward.
It
falls
on
us.
We
all
we
need
to
be
the
climate
leaders,
people
like
us
that
would
come
to
a
climate
event
on
a
rainy
Tuesday
evening.
E
So
what
this
means
is
we
need
to
make
an
outsize
impact
on
the
problem.
We
can't
just
do
the
things
that
are
easy,
convenient
and
cheap.
We
should
do
those,
and
the
speaker's
after
me
today
are
gonna,
have
a
lot
of
great
easy,
convenient,
cheap
ideas
for
you
all
to
do,
but
if
twenty
nine
percent
of
us
pull
our
weight,
that's
not
going
to
be
enough.
E
So
how
do
we
do
this?
You
know,
let's
start
with
the
easy
stuff
right.
It
gives
you
a
base
to
build
on,
and
what
you'll
find
is
that
the
more
you
know
once
you've
sort
of
shored
up
what
you
see
as
your
personal
contribution
to
climate
change,
whether
it's
the
energy
you're
using
your
home,
the
energy
used
to
drive
the
food
you
eat.
You
know
the
the
garbage
you
create,
then
it
gets
a
lot
easier
to
kind
of
take
the
next
step
and
to
try
and
do
something.
That's
gonna
influence,
broader
society.
E
The
next
you
know
tell
your
elected
leaders
how
you
feel
this
picture
here.
Is
our
house
vote
in
Minnesota
from
a
few
days
ago,
and
it
was
simply
about
adding
a
clause
to
an
energy
bill
that
humans
are
the
primary
contributor
to
climate
change
and
there's
a
lot
of
red
there.
A
lot
of
people
voted.
No
a
lot
of
people
said.
No,
that's
not
true.
E
We
don't
want
to
put
that
in
the
law
and
if
I
had
had
a
chance
to
update
the
slides
today,
they
did
another
vote
in
this
Minnesota
State
Senate
there
was
more
red
than
to
take
it
out
to
take
the
same.
So
the
house,
the
one
here
right,
said:
okay,
we're
adding
this
to
the
bill.
The
Senate
said:
let's
take
it
out,
and
the
greens
one
there.
So
it's
now,
it's
not
going
to
be
in
the
bill
anymore.
E
The
this
you
know
it's
just
illustrate
that
there
are
a
lot
of
people
that
are
not
invested
in
this
problem.
Don't
care
about
this
problem,
the
responsibility
falls
on
us
and
the
elected
leaders.
So
from
the
city
level,
the
state
level,
the
federal
level
you
know
we
they
for
the
most
part,
will
govern
the
way
that
they
think
their
constituents
want.
Right,
like
it's
sort
of
surprising
to
you
know
it's,
maybe
not
your
first
instinct
but
they're
trying
to
do
right
by
their
constituents.
E
They
if
they
go,
they
see
the
results
of
that
survey
and
they
see
well.
A
few
people
are
a
little
concerned.
Most
people
are
kind
of
ho-hum
and
some
people
don't
care
at
all.
Well,
it
seems
like
the
middle
ground
is,
will
be
ho-hum
about
it
and
that's
what
is
happening
for
the
most
part,
especially
at
the
state
level,
in
the
federal
level,
and
so
the
way
that
we
can
change.
That
is
to
reach
out
to
our
elected
leaders
to
tell
them
no.
This
is
a
really
important
thing.
E
E
Massive
climate
action-
that's
not
going
to
work,
he's,
not
gonna,
listen,
but
at
the
city
level,
and
even
at
you
know
your
stay
in
federal,
congressional,
reps
and
Senators.
That
can
have
a
big
impact,
they're
all
trying
to
find
the
right
place
to
be
on
this
issue.
We
can
guide
them
towards
that
green
section
of
the
pie.
The.
E
Other
thing
that
you
can
do
is
you
can
talk
to
your
friends
and
family.
You
know
you
do
those
things,
those
easy
things:
the
Home
Energy
Squad,
the
wind
source.
You
get
clean
energy,
you
know.
Maybe
your
next
car
is
an
electric
vehicle.
Maybe
you
recycle
a
little
more
tell
your
friends
and
family,
your
neighbors,
whoever
what
it
is
you're
doing
and
why
don't
be
pushy
about
it?
You
know,
don't
don't
badger
them
for
not
doing
it
themselves.
E
Cuz
then
just
nobody
will
like
you,
they're,
not
gonna,
listen
to
what
you
have
to
say,
but
if
you're
just
open
about
what
you're
doing
and
why
you
care,
it's
not
very
often
that
people
tell
us
about
an
issue
that
they
care
about
and
why
they
care
about
it.
So
that
can
be
real
impactful
and
you
know
we
all
need
people
need
a
little
nudge
to
move
them
from
one
section
of
the
pie
to
the
other
right.
E
This
is
something
that's
going
to
be
impacting
all
of
us.
It's
impacting
us
already.
We
see
it
in
the
weather,
we
see
it
in
the
flooding,
we
see
it
in
the
sea
levels
and
if
somebody
is
a
climate
denier
in
the
red
area,
I
don't
really
know
what
to
tell
them.
I
can
just
I
can
tell
you
what
I
say,
which
is
what,
if
you're
wrong-
and
you
know
I-
don't
usually
leave
it
at
that,
because
if
they
come
back
with
what?
E
If
what,
if
I'm
wrong
well
I've
got
a
pretty
good
answer
and
then
we're
just
we're
doing
a
lot
of
stuff
that
has
a
lot
of
other
benefits
too.
You
know
clean
energy,
clean
air,
clean
water,
better
jobs,
energy
security,
so
it
ends
up.
You
know
it's
a
win-win
situation.
Whatever
actions
were
taking
I'll
close
on
that.
A
Thank
you.
Do
we
have
questions?
No
okay.
Do
people
know
that
they
can
be
filling
out
question
cards
and
handing
them
in
this
pass
them
on
down
and
at
some
point
we'll
get
to
your
answers
so
I'm
going
to
introduce
our
next
speaker
and
here's.
Your
question
as
I
introduce
state
seaboots
camp
Stacey
has
been
with
the
Center
for
energy
and
environment
Cee.
A
Since
2009
Stacey
started
in
the
field
as
an
energy
counselor
on
the
community
and
energy
services
program
and
Home
Energy
Squad
enhanced
program
in
2012,
she
stepped
into
a
new
role
as
recruitment
and
outreach
coordinator
for
C's
residential
energy
programs.
She
is
now
the
assistant
manager
for
those
programs.
Stacey
has
over
a
dozen
years
of
community
and
environmental
organizing
experience.
She
has
a
BA
in
English
and
environmental
studies
from
the
University
of
Wisconsin
La,
Crosse
memberships,
certified
energy
auditor
by
the
Dunwoody,
Institute
and
permaculture
designs
served
certification
from
the
regenerative
design
Institute
in
Bolinas
California.
F
F
F
All
right,
so
a
lot
of
you
have
had
a
visit
like
your
show
of
hands,
told
us,
so
that's
great
and
you've
even
done
some
of
the
work.
So
that's
even
better
so
I'm
happy
to
see
that.
But
there
is
room
for
all
of
us
to
have
a
visit
and
to
do
the
work,
that's
recommended
and
make
an
impact
on
the
climate.
F
So
the
Home
Energy
Squad
is
a
program.
That's
provided
by
CenterPoint
Energy
and
Xcel
Energy.
It's
a
very
comprehensive
award-winning
program
and
you're
lucky
to
have
access
to
it
here
in
Bloomington,
and
the
city
actually
pays
for
half
of
the
cost
here
in
Bloomington,
which
makes
it
a
super
deal.
So
I
work
for
a
nonprofit
organization.
We've
been
around
working
on
energy
efficiency
for
40
years
in
Minnesota,
and
we
do
a
lot
of
research
that
informs
programs
we
design
and
deliver.
So
we
work
not
only
with
residents
home
owners.
F
We
work
with
businesses,
nonprofits
utilities
I'm
just
trying
to
help
everyone
save
that
kind
of
also
work
on
public
policy,
and
we
have
a
lending
center
and
an
engineering
department.
We've
got
about
150
160
employees
were
always
hiring,
so
if
you're
looking
for
a
job,
you
can
come
and
talk
to
me
after
this
too
so
I'm
going
to
talk
about
the
home
energy
squad
program.
Tonight,
though,
that's
what
I
work
on
so
this
program
is
available
to
wonderful
unit
buildings
and
it's
available
to
Homer
owners
and
renters.
F
F
Bloomington
is
also
working
on
partners
and
energy
with
Xcel
Energy,
as
some
of
you
might
know,
but
that
is
work
towards
smart
energy
planning
for
for
the
community
and
it's
great
that
you're
all
are
participating
in
that.
So
with
the
Home
Energy
Squad
program,
we
work
on
community
engagement.
Like
events
like
this,
you
might
see
us
at
the
farmers
market
and
we
also
come
out
and
do
the
Home
Energy
Squad
visits,
and
then
we
have
a
team
of
people
that
follows
up
with
you.
F
After
your
visit
to
help
you
take
those
next
steps
and
then
you
can
enjoy
a
more
comfortable
and
efficient
home
after
doing
those
steps.
So
we
like
to
make
it
easy
for
you
to
make
your
home
comfortable
and
efficient
and
make
helped
you
to
feel
good
about
not
wasting
money
and
energy
anymore.
And
then
you
can
have
that
peace
of
mind
like
people
who
have
already
participated,
that
you've
brought
your
home
to
that
basic
level
of
efficiency.
F
Where
does
our
money
go
about?
Fifty-Five
percent
of
that,
of
course,
goes
to
making
our
houses
count
warm
comfortable,
cool
and
comfortable,
and
then
the
other
forty
five
percent
is
divided
between
our
electronic
use.
Our
appliances
in
our
water
heating,
so
the
Home
Energy
Squad,
tries
to
help
people
save
in
all
of
these
sectors
of
energy
use.
Here's
some
of
our
friendly
staff
and
you
may
have
encountered
at
your
home
energy
visit.
F
So
when
we're
we're
at
the
house,
we
like
to
help
people
start
saving
right
away,
and
we
do
that
by
installing
products
like
door,
weatherstripping,
water,
heater,
blanket
programmable,
thermostat,
LED,
light
bulbs,
water
saving
fixtures
and
those
are
great.
They
help
you
save
right
away,
and
then
you
can
feel
good
that
you've
taken
that
first
next
step.
F
We
also
do
a
blower
door
test
which
measures
the
air
tightness
of
the
home.
We
check
the
insulation
test,
the
heating
system
and
water
heater.
We
put
everything
together
in
a
report
for
you
with
personalized
next
steps.
We
can
write
up
a
quote:
that's
honored
by
participating
insulation
contractors
and,
like
I
said
we
are
a
non-profit,
so
we're
a
third
party,
giving
you
this
information
and
that
can
give
you
some
peace
of
mind
too.
F
Here's
some
of
our
energy
advisors
that
help
people
with
those
next
steps,
and
we
also
have
loans
to
help
people
with
financing,
really
low
interest
loans
to
help
people
take
those
next
steps,
and
so
does.
The
save
Bloomington
has
some
really
great
financing
and
then,
if
you
do
all
of
the
things
that
are
recommended,
you
might
even
get
a
home
energy
certificate.
You
can
join
a
few
hundred
of
those
elite
people
who
have
their
home
certified
as
an
energy
fit
home
in
Minnesota.
F
A
F
C
F
A
F
A
You
so
much
thank
you
for
the
questions.
I
will
move
us
into
our
next
question
and
introduce
our
next
speaker.
So
this
is
the
one
you
use
your
buttons
for.
Our
next
speaker
is
Nicholas
Martin
from
Xcel
Energy
Nicholas
serves
as
manager
of
energy
and
environmental
policy
for
Xcel
Energy
part
of
a
team
spearheading
the
company's
strategy
for
affordable,
Carbon
Reduction.
He
advises
on
federal
and
state
clean
energy
policy,
helps
repair
integrated
resource
plans,
works
with
large
customers
on
sustainability
strategy
and
helps
design
new
options
for
renewable
energy
procurement
and
transportation
electrification.
Mr.
A
Martin
previously
worked
for
the
American
carbon
registry
developing
offset
protocols
and
registering
projects
from
the
voluntary
carbon
market
and
California
cap-and-trade
market
and
managed
a
forestry
enterprise
for
the
Zuni
India
tribe.
He
has
an
MS
and
energy
and
resources
from
the
University
of
California
at
Berkeley
and
a
BA
in
music
from
Yale
welcome.
H
People
been
voting
yet
on
this,
so
you
won
the
the
majority
of
you
chose
the
right
answer.
Those
are.
This
is
from
the
ground
to
the
tip
of
the
blade
I'm,
the
kind
of
newest
biggest
land-based
turbines
out
in
the
sea,
they're
even
bigger,
but
these
these
turbines
have
gotten
quite
quite
large,
quite
sort
of
to
the
point
where,
like
the
constraint
is,
how
do
we
like
drive
them
around
corners
to
like
where
they
have
to
be
installed
and
stuff
like
that?
So
anyway,
that's
a
nice
perspective.
H
It's
a
little
bit
taller
than
the
full
shape
tower
in
Minneapolis,
not
counting
the
needle.
If
you
want
to
get
really
technical,
so
I
am
going
to
talk
mostly
tonight
about
I'm
going
to
be
pretty
brief
and
talk
mostly
about
sort
of
our
carbon
vision,
but
and
and
what
you
know,
the
goals
that
we've
set
and
some
of
the
drivers
of
that
and
but
I'm
gonna
come
around
to
telling
you
about.
You
know
some
some
stuff
that
you
can
do
that.
You
ought
to
do
tonight
to
do
your
own
part
on
on
climate
change.
H
So
I'm
gonna
go
from
pretending
to
be
a
climate
scientist
to
sort
of
a
used
car
salesman
thing
at
the
end
and
give
you
a
chance
to
take
some
action
before
leaving
here
tonight.
Ok,
so
I
will
so.
This
is
just
a
picture
of
the
the
area
that
Excel
serves
we're
in
eight
different
states,
but
the
one
at
the
top,
the
the
five
state
region
at
the
top
is
what
many
of
you
are
used
to
thinking
of
as
northern
states
power.
So
that's
our
Upper
Midwest
territory,
including
here
in
Minnesota.
H
A
lot
of
you
know
the
Twin
Cities
and
surrounding
area.
One
really
important
thing
to
note
about
that
service
territory
is
that
it's
it's
some
of
the
best
wind
resource
in
the
country.
So
we're
really
fortunate
part
of
the
reason
we
have
so
much
wind
on
our
system
is
that
we've
got
great
wind
resources
all
the
way
from
the
top
to
the
bottom
of
the
country
right
and
pretty
good
solar
resources
as
well.
H
The
the
numbers
for
Minnesota
are
about
1.3
million
electricity,
tricity
customers
and
460,000
natural
gas
customers.
So
that's
the
the
share
of
the
overall
numbers
there.
We
have
sort
of
three
strategic
priorities
that
you've
got
to
talk
about
in
every
Xcel
Energy
presentation.
These
are
really
equally
weighted.
I'm
going
to
talk
to
you
tonight,
mostly
about
the
first
one
leading
the
clean
energy
transition.
But
it's
it's.
It's
equally
important
that
we're
sort
of
trying
to
deliver
more
options
more.
H
You
know,
affordable,
clean
energy
options
for
our
customers
and
I'll
talk
about
some
of
those
at
the
end
of
the
presentation
and
and
to
do
all
this
while
keeping
bills
low.
We
think
you
know
electricity
needs
to
stay
quite
affordable,
certainly
as
we're
think
talking
about
electrifying
more
of
the
economy.
That
needs
to
be
one
of
the
main
considerations
as
well,
so
we
try
to
balance
all
of
these
things
so
about
the
carbon
goal.
Some
of
you
may
have
heard
about
this.
Others,
perhaps
not
actually
before
I,
say
about
the
goal.
H
How
have
we
done
to
date
since
2005,
which
is
a
really
common
baseline
year?
It's
also
the
baseline
year
for
the
state
of
Minnesota.
We
have
managed
to
reduce
our
carbon
dioxide
emissions
by
38
percent,
which
is
you
know
compared
to
the
u.s.
power.
The
electricity
sector
in
the
in
the
US
as
a
whole
has
reduced
by
about
twenty
eight
percent.
Thirty
percent-
it's
something
like
that.
H
So
we're
a
little
bit
ahead,
but
overall,
the
electric
power
sector
is
one
of
one
of
the
bright
spots
in
terms
of
haven't
been
able
to
reduce
more
than
other
sectors.
That's
all
has
to
do
with
renewable
energy
and
shift
from
away
from
coal
generation
nationwide
and
for
Xcel
Energy.
So
it's
it's
a
it's
a
good
progress.
It's
it's!
We've
already
exceeded
what
would
have
been
the
goal
under
the
clean,
the
EPA's
clean
power
plan.
What
would
have
been
the
goal
for
2030
and
we
exceeded
that
a
couple
years
ago?
H
So
that's
really
positive,
but
it
you
know
we
haven't
gone
far
enough.
Where
were
we
needing
to
you
know?
We
were
setting
new
carbon
goals
to
try
to
push
that
further
and
we
recently
announced
just
in
the
last
few
months.
We
announced
some
really
aggressive
goals.
The
first
one
is
80
percent
carbon
reduction
by
2050.
H
H
I'll
say
a
little
bit
more
about
that,
and
then
we
are
one
of
the
only
utilities
in
the
country
that
set
a
goal
to
be
a
hundred
percent
to
provide
a
hundred
percent
carbon
free
electricity
by
2050,
which
is
more,
you
know
even
more
of
a
stretch
goal
but
but
something
we
we
are
committed
to
do
as
well.
These
goals
were
really
driven
by
several
things,
probably
more
than
anything,
increasing
demand.
H
There's
there's
a
tremendous
demand
from
our
communities
and
from
our
large
customers
for
clean
energy
and
also
you
know,
there's
demand
from
investors,
there's
great
investment
opportunities
and
there's
you
know
climate
risks
that
we
all
have
to
about
seriously
we're
feeling
in
our
states
and
we
need
to
all
be
doing
our
part
toward
those.
So
all
those
factors
really
went
into
our
goal,
so
let
me
say
a
little
bit
more
about
the
components
of
this
goal.
We
know
we
can
get
to
80
percent
by
2030
in
a
variety
of
ways.
H
We
file
resource
plans
that
our
Public
Utility
Commission.
That
will
determine
exactly
how
we
do
that,
but
we
know
it's
going
to
include
these
elements.
We're
gonna
we're
adding
a
huge
amount
of
wind
in
the
next
five
years.
We're
gonna
keep
adding
more
wind,
we're
going
to
be
adding
a
lot
of
solar
as
well,
we'll
be
adding
some
natural
gas,
but
some
of
that
natural
gas
over
time
may
be
replaced
by
energy
storage.
We
think
it's
gonna
be
key
to
maintain
our
nuclear
plants,
at
least
through
their
current
licenses.
H
That's
about
half
of
our
carbon
free
energy,
you've
heard
about
will
be
retiring
coal
units
and
changing
the
way
we
operate
existing
coal
units
and
we're
increasingly
really
trying
to
promote
more
and
more
electrification,
and
you
Eevee's,
is
a
great
example
of
that.
We
also
talked
about
how
getting
to
a
hundred
percent
carbon
free
energy
will
require
some
major
investments
in
technologies
that
don't
exist
today.
You
know
carbon
free,
dispatchable
technologies
and
long
duration,
energy
storage,
so
we're
gonna
be
working
on
all
of
that.
H
H
Everyone
can
do
something
in
it
and
it
really
matters.
So
here's
some
of
the
things
I
just
want
to
highlight
a
few
things
here
and
then
I
want
to
urge
you.
This
is
the
used
car
salesman
part.
How
can
we
get
you
into
renewable
energy
or
energy
efficiency
today
before
you
leave
the
room
before
you
leave
the
building?
So
there's
a
lot
of
ways
that
we
provide
for
you
to
do
renewable
energy
for
your
own
house
or
business.
Quite
affordably,
wind
source
is
one
of
those
you
can
sign
up
for
that
tonight.
H
It
takes
almost
no
time
and
it's
really
not
very
costly-
the
cost
of
wind
energy,
a
lot
of
that
is
offset
by
a
by
a
credit
for
avoided
fuel
purchase,
so
I
do
that
myself.
I
think
it's
a
great
thing
to
do.
I
think
it's
kind
of
a
no-brainer
there's
a
lot
of
other
ways.
You
can
do
that
too,
through
solar
rewards
and
other
programs.
So
please
check
that
out
and
please
just
sign
up
before
you
before
you
leave
tonight.
H
If
that's
something
you
feel
you
can
do
the
second
category,
their
energy
efficiency
is
really
important.
You
can
save
a
lot
of
carbon
by
saving
energy
and
you've
heard
about
the
home
energy
squad.
That's
a
great
way
to
do.
It
say
verse,
which
is
another
program
where,
just
by
letting
Xcel
Energy
cycle
your
air
conditioner
off
in
short
intervals
through
the
summer
I'm
on
it,
we
never
know
it
happens.
H
You
don't
feel
it,
but
it
can
that
that
peak
energy
is
often
served
by
natural
gas
power
plants,
so
that
can
save
carbon
to
just
allow
us
to
shave
some
of
those
Peaks
that's
important
too,
and
then
the
last
area
choosing
to
drive
an
Eevee.
Obviously
that's
a
bigger
decision
right,
but
but
there's
really
a
lot
of
a
lot
of
things
that
we're
doing
to
try
to
make
that
easier.
I'd
urge
you
to
check
out
on
our
website.
H
We've
got
an
awesome
online,
Eevee
advisor
that
helps
you
think
about
which
Eevee
might
be
best
for
you.
What
could
your
gasoline,
your
fuel
cost
savings
be
based
on
how
much
you
drive
and
and
so
on,
which
Eevee
you're
considering
and
what
rates
are
available?
We've
got
some
Eevee
rates
that
are
available
today
and
a
lot
more.
That's
coming
as
we've
had
some
programs
recently
approved
by
the
Commission.
So
that's
really
a
really
useful
thing
to
do
in
a
few
about
this,
but
you're
hesitating
just
go
test-drive
an
Eevee.
It's
an
exciting
experience.
H
It
costs,
generally
speaking,
less
than
a
dollar
a
gallon
to
drive
gallon
equivalent.
The
ranges
are
getting
up
above
200
miles,
so
you
really
don't
have
to
worry
about
some
of
these
things
so
much
anymore.
I'll
leave
more
about
this
to
to
Yuka,
who
can
tell
you
much
more
about
EVs
than
I
can
so
those
are
there.
Some
things
to
think
about.
We've
got
a
lot
of
info
on
these
programs
out
here.
I
hope.
You
really
think
about
those
I
hope
you'll
check
out
the
EVs
as
you
go
and
I
think
it's
just.
H
A
H
So
that's
a
good
question:
I
don't
have
off
the
top
of
my
head
like
exact
sort
of
proportions
or
something
oh,
but
it's
happening
at
every
level.
So
when
you
put
solar
in
large
installations
out
in
the
country
where
you
can
put
it
all
in
one
place,
you
get
big
economies
of
scale.
You
can
do
that
very
cost-effectively.
H
That's
gonna
be
a
way
to
build
solar
at
a
with
the
economies
of
scale
at
a
lower
cost
per
megawatt
hour
or
per
megawatt
right,
but
that
doesn't
mean
like
there's
all
kinds
of
values,
of
solar
on
homes
as
well,
where
it's
cited
on
the
distribution
system
and-
and
you
know
it
has
sort
of
a
concrete
benefit
that
you
can
feel
as
well.
So
we
try
to
support
all
of
those
things.
I
think
there's
in
scale.
There's
gonna
be
more
out
in
these
farms
than
there
is
on
the
rooftops.
H
H
That's
a
really
a
question
that
is
going
to
be
addressed
in
detail
in
an
integrated
resource
plan
that
we
will
file
July
July.
First,
it's
a
it's
a
question
of
tremendous
interest.
We've
committed
to
retire,
two
of
us
two
of
the
coal
units
at
our
circle
plant
in
Becker
in
the
mid
2020s,
which
leaves
just
two
two
remaining
coal
units:
a
third
one
at
circo
and
one
at
the
king
plant
out
near
Stillwater
that
whose
retirement
dates
are
up
in
the
air
and
will
be
discussed
in
this
integrated
resource
plan
and
there's
a
lot.
H
It's
it's
a
complicated
process,
there's
a
lot
of
sort
of
things
on
either
side
in
terms
of
how
we
time
those
those
those
retirements.
So
we'll
be
talking
about
that
in
our
plan.
But
it's
our
CEO
has
said
it's
a
matter
of
when
not
if
and
and
I'm
I
think
I
will
say
that
I
think
those
dates
are
gonna
move
up.
Those
plants
are
not
going
to
run
to
the
end
of
to
the
to
their
full
sort
of
depreciated
book
life.
I
think
there's
a
lot
of
reasons
to
to
look
at
shifting
and
replacing
them.
H
H
Storage
is
great
for
the
most
obvious
thing
that
storage
is
great
for
is
sort
of
short
duration,
like
four
hours,
eight
hours
taking
the
solar
generation
that
comes
in
the
middle
of
the
day
when
load
is
pretty
low,
saving
that
energy
a
few
hours
and
then
when
the
Sun
is
going
down
but
load,
is
going
up.
You've
got
enough
energy
in
your
batteries
to
to
address
that
peak
right.
That's
the
obvious
thing
for
that.
Salt
storage
is
getting
better
and
better.
The
costs
are
coming
down.
H
The
second
sort
of
area
to
think
about
batteries
are
getting
better
at
providing
some
of
these
kind
of
you
know
electrical
engineer,
geek
geek
kind
of
things
you
have
to
worry
about,
for
reliability,
around
voltage
and
frequency,
and
so
on.
So
we're
testing
some
of
those
capabilities
and
then
other
kinds
of
storage
that
might
be
important
for
addressing
kind
of
long-term
imbalances
might
not
be
batteries.
H
Actually,
there's
there's,
there's
pumped
hydro,
there's
sort
of
compressed
air
energy
storage,
there's
a
lot
of
technologies
that
are
not
sort
of
much
used
yet,
but
might
become
more
and
more
important
as
our
system
gets
more
and
more
dominated
by
renewables,
so
we're
kind
of
trying
to
keep
our
eye
on
a
lot
of
those
things.
Thank.
H
I
kind
of
hinted
before
so
nuclear,
the
the
energy
from
our
nuclear
units,
is
about
30
percent
of
our
energy
today
and
it's
about
half
of
our
carbon
free
energy.
So
it's
it's
a
key
piece
of
our
ability
to
provide
today
almost
60
percent
carbon
free
energy
for
our
customers
right,
so
we
have
about
30
percent
renewables.
Another
30
percent
from
nuclear
makes
almost
60%
carbon
free
and
those
those
nuclear
plants.
H
We
have
said
you
know
it's
important
that
we
in
terms
of
achieving
our
carbon
goals,
getting
to
80%
reductions
by
2030,
they're
gonna
play
an
important
role
and
running
them
through
the
through
their
current
licenses,
which
is
in
into
the
early
to
mid.
2030S
is
an
important
piece
of
that
of
that
picture
and
how
what
happens
beyond
that,
but
from
2030
on
to
2050,
and
how
do
we
get
to
100%
carbon
free
energy?
Our
is
nuclear,
a
part
of
that
or
not
that's
sort
of
an
up
in
the
air
question.
H
You
know
we
haven't
proposed
to
rely
since
the
plants,
but
we
also
haven't
said
we
licensing
is
off
the
table.
We
need
to
like
keep
all
options
on
the
table
and
that
and
then
there's
you
know
other
carbon
free
technologies
that
might
come
into
play
beyond
2030
as
well
so
we're
gonna
have
to
you
know
the
nuclear
plants
provide
carbon
free
energy.
This
is
to
say
nothing
about
the
other
debates
around
nuclear
there's.
There's
justifiable
justifiable
debates
around
nuclear,
but
for
carbon
for
energy
we're
gonna
have
to
either.
H
A
H
That's
a
that's
a
good
question
and
it's
true,
like
every
energy
source,
has
its
pros
and
cons
right.
I
can't
speak
specifically
to
the
to
the
copper
in
wind
turbines.
I
mean
obviously
to
build
wind
turbines,
there's
materials
that
go
into
them.
There's
also
materials
that
go
into
solar
panels
and
nuclear
plants
and
everything
right.
So
if
you,
if
you
were
to
compare
everything
on
an
equal
basis,
look
at
the
sort
of
lifecycle,
impacts
of
everything
you
wouldn't
find
any
sort
of
energy
source
with
no
impacts
right,
but
and
and
the
nuclear
waste
issue
yeah.
H
That's
that's
one
that,
were
you
know
actively
working
on
we're
pushing
for
a
long
term
waste
solution.
So
these
were
all
things
that
have
to
be
weighed.
I
mean
when
I
talk
to
you
about
like
moving
to
100%
carbon
free
electricity.
I
think
that's
really
urgent
from
a
climate
perspective,
but
it's
not
it's
not
the
sole
consideration
right.
We're
going
to
be
trying
to
balance
a
lot
of
these
impacts,
and
you
know
it's
complicated
enterprise.
H
A
You
all
right,
thank
you,
I
didn't
get
answered.
Please
ask
him
at
the
table
afterwards,
but
we're
gonna
move
to
our
next
question
on
the
screen,
how
much
less
energy
do
eby's
consume
compared
to
traditional
internal
combustion
vehicles
and
I'll
introduce
our
next
speaker.
Yuka
kokkonen
is
from
plug
in
connect
he's
an
Eevee
market
and
business
conditions.
Consultant
Yuka
combines
his
automotive
industry
experience
with
in-depth
electric
vehicle
market
knowledge
and
he
specializes
in
market
dynamics
and
real-life
user
perspectives.
A
He
has
built
programs
for
utility
companies,
condominium
and
apartment
buildings,
charging
workplace
charging,
DC
fast
charging
outreach
and
education
and
smart
grid
integration.
He
also
teaches
the
evie
market
and
technologies
graduate
course
at
the
University
of
st.
Thomas
for
more
information
go
to.
I
Okay,
all
right!
No,
that's
great!
So
thank
you,
Thank
You
Nick
for
taking
care
of
half
of
my
presentation
here.
That's
always
nice,
Nick
and
I
find
ourselves
in
the
same
same
arenas.
Nowadays
we
were
last
week
in
a
University
of
Minnesota,
but
I
think
we
agreed
that
I'll
take
care
of
the
used
car
sales
perspective.
So
let's
just
keep
it
that
way
in
the
future.
All.
I
I
have
a
so
I
said
my
name.
Is
you
kook
and
I
work
with
the
electric
cars
here
and
we
also
coordinate
the
Minnesota
plug-in
vehicle
owners
where
we
have
1500
members
here
in
in
in
Minnesota,
and
our
owners
set
up
the
display
outside
there.
So
that
was
good.
How
many
of
you
drive
electric
here
all
right?
Keep
your
hands
up
here!
Okay!
So
these
folks
talk
with
these
people
after
the
presentation,
because
they
know
their
stuff,
they
know
their.
I
They
know
their
stuff
and
you
can
ask
them
all
the
good
questions,
because
we
have
a
very
short
time
here
when
I
do
the
course
fold
at
the
University
of
st.
Thomas,
I
have
45
hours
with
the
students
there
to
talk
about
electric
vehicles
with
you
guys.
I
have
five
minutes,
so
you
just
can
understand
why
I
have
to
kind
of
focus
here
a
little
bit
so
how
much
less
energy
do
EVs
consume
compared
to
traditional
internal
combustion
engine
vehicles.
Have
everybody
answered
this
question
excellent
because
now
we're
going
to
show
the
results
boom?
I
75,
hey,
that's
right,
good
job,
all
right!
Well,
that
that
took
the
second
part
of
my
presentation,
so
excellent,
but
that's
true
I
mean
we
just
when
you
think
about
the
electric
motors.
There
are
so
much
more
efficient
than
internal
combustion
engine,
and
this
is
the
big
difference
between
traditional
cars
and
electric
cars.
We
are
using
so
much
less
energy,
so
I
will
talk
with
you
how
to
choose
your
next
car.
That's
where
we
go.
That's
why
we
are
talking
about
the
used
car
sales
person
perspective
here.
I
Definitely
so
why
choose
an
electric
car
first
of
all
use
this
much
less
energy.
We
just
figure
that
out.
You
knew
that
already.
So
that's
that's
pretty
clear.
That
is
great
because
that's
the
first
part
of
the
whole
puzzle
here.
The
second
part
is
no
more
oil.
That
is
really
really
really
important.
Part
of
the
whole
thing,
if
you
think
about
it,
it
is
just
very,
very
good
if
you
think
about
it
when
we
import
oil
here
to
Minnesota.
At
the
same
time,
we
export
ton
of
money
outside
of
Minnesota.
I
That
is
not
in
our
business
anymore.
It
goes
outside
and
it's
not
always
used
your
right
ways
when
it
when
it
left
Minnesota
and
then,
if
you
think
about
it,
how
knotty
this
is.
We
are
taking
that
oil
here
and
we
are
burning
it
right
here.
Taking
all
the
emissions
into
here.
How
stupid
is
that
it's
totally
stupid.
So
again,
why
choose
an
electric
car,
no
more
oil,
all
right!
You
can
power
your
driving
with
renewable,
a
nick
already
told
you
what
what
Xcel
Energy
is
doing
in
this
area.
That's
great
progress!
I
Of
course
you
can
do
all
also
more
Nick
medicine.
The
wind
source
program
I,
for
example,
have
been
the
wind
south
customer
for
last
ten
years.
It
doesn't
cost
once
couple
bucks
a
month
more,
it's
not
a
big
investment
and
then,
of
course,
look
into
other
ways
to
add
more
renewable
there,
so
that
those
are
good
options.
For
you
know
local
emissions.
If
you
think
about
it,
you
drive
an
electric
car,
there's
no
local
emissions.
You
look
at
how
many
cars
go
around
here.
I
How
many
cars
cars
drive
on
44
94
by
blooming
through
Bloomington,
here
every
day,
think
about
how
much
emissions
they
will
produce
to
this
area
where
we
live,
where
our
children
live,
where
everybody
is
right
here,
it's
just
dumb
again,
so
getting
rid
of
all
that
with
every
EVs
is
the
right
way
to
go.
They
also
really
fun
to
drive
you're,
not
really
losing
anything.
I
mean
again
talk
with
these
people
who
drive
electric
every
day.
That's
us
better
cars,
everybody
who
stops
driving
like
that
was
not
like.
I
Never
going
back
and
more
torque,
more
power,
just
more
advanced
in
every
way
and
I'm,
an
automotive
engineer
by
training.
That's
why
I
believe
in
electric
cars,
because
I
look
at
them
from
technology
standpoint.
They
are
just
pay
their
cars,
they're
cheaper
drive
to
drive
an
own,
much
cheaper,
to
drive.
I
If
you
drive
about
thousand
miles
a
month
and
you
used
a
substandard
rate,
electricity
about
thirty
five
bucks,
that's
what
you'll
be
paying
for
it
if
you
take
advance
so,
for
example,
excels,
Evy
rate
or
time
of
use
rate
when
the
electricity
is
half
off
during
the
night
time.
It's
about
20
bucks,
all
your
driving
for
the
month,
then
you
start
to
compare
how
much
you
pay
for
this
baby
every
month
and
you're
driving
doesn't
cost
you
anything
anymore.
I
So,
just
to
give
you
a
good
perspective
in
comparison
there
and
also
much
less
maintenance,
don't
have
to
call
the
dealer
every
half
a
year
or
year,
you
really
don't
they
heat
up
so
much
faster
than
in
the
winter
time
than
traditional
cars.
If
you
think
about
the
traditional
cars
to
get
heating
inside
the
cabin,
you
have
the
first
heat
up
the
internal
combustion
engine,
and
if
you
drive
five
miles
to
work,
it
starts
to
heat
up
right
about
when
you
park
your
car
works
with
electric
cars.
It
starts
immediately.
I
If
you
have
a
heat
pump
heating
system,
it
starts
right
away
pretty
much
when
you
just
get
the
car
outside
of
garage.
It
is
great
and
you
can
set
it
up.
Solar,
like
my
wife,
has
driven
seven
years
with
electric
cars
7:20
in
the
morning
when
she
goes
into
cold
karate.
The
car
is
waiting
for
her
interiors,
warm
her
seat
is
hot
and
even
her
steering
wheel
is
hot.
So
she's
pretty
luxurious
right
from
there
and
then,
when
she
has
her
car
park
outside
at
work
and
she's
thinking
to
leave
the
work
she
just
takes.
I
Her
cell
phone
sells
the
car.
Could
you
please
hit
yourself
up
and
then,
when
she
goes
out,
the
car
is
again
warm
to
go
back
home,
so
no
waiting,
it's
it's
much
more
enjoyable
to
drive
in
that
way,
and
it's
very
easy
to
charge
at
home.
You
don't
have
to
be
figuring
out.
Okay,
I
have
to
go
the
gas
taste
and
the
feel
it
feel
up
there.
So
go
that
way.
Some
people
are
afraid
of
chains,
but
we
can
drive
it.
That's
important
for
you,
so
for
you
I.
I
You
should
have
one
of
these
lists
of
all
the
electric
vehicles
that
are
available
in
Minnesota.
Now
we
could
spend
the
next
three
hours
talking
about
all
of
these
things,
but
unfortunately
we
don't
have
that.
So
you
have
to
do
some
homework
yourself
and
check
out
those
and
go
test,
drive
them,
and
you
can
also
find
this
online
on
a
PDF
format.
So
on
the
bottom
of
it,
you
have
a
line
there
where
you
can
find
the
information
about
or
that
one
in
PDF
format.
I
So
then
how
to
choose
your
next
car
first
commit
to
not
buying
in
internal
combustion
engine
vehicle.
That's
the
first
commitment
you
have
to
do
next.
Car
will
be
electric
one
way
or
another.
There's
just
no,
nothing!
Nothing
there!
Then,
if
you
wanna,
do
you
have
two
choices,
then
full
battery
electric
vehicle
or
plug-in
hybrid
and
I'm,
giving
you
a
couple
of
ideas
how
you
can
choose
between
those
two?
I
So
if
you
want
to
get
the,
if
you
want
to
get
rid
of
oil
altogether,
take
a
full
battery
electric
vehicle,
because
then
you
don't
carry
any
gas,
you
can't
use
any
oil
anymore
you're
out
of
it.
So
that's
that
and
again
you
can
do
that
overnight
and
if
you
have
more
than
one
car
in
your
family,
this
is
very
easy
thing
to
do.
You
can
just
move
no
problems.
It
doesn't
mean
that
you
can
do
it
with
just
one
car,
but
just
one
step
easier.
I
If
you
do
it
that
way,
use
battery
electric
vehicles,
that'll
get
50,
50
150
miles
of
range
you
can
buy
for
eight
thousand
to
fifteen
thousand
dollars
nowadays,
they're,
not
too
expensive.
New
ones
with
150
to
370
miles
of
range
again
range
is
not
an
issue
anymore.
It
used
to
be
five
years
ago,
not
anymore.
They
start
from
twenty
thousand
dollars
going
up
from
there.
I
Then
the
other
option
is
plug-in
hybrid.
So
if
this
one
the
first
Aurora
is
electric
and
then
after
that
it
turns
into
hybrid
mode.
This
one
is
cute.
If
you
just
have
one
car
in
your
household,
so
then
you
don't
have
any
limitation
there.
You
can
normally
Drive
the
normal
30
to
40
miles
or
something
like
that.
But
if
you
need
a
lot
of
flexibility
in
your
driving,
you
can
do
it
with
this
car.
I
So
if
you
don't
know,
if
you
one
day,
you
have
to
drive
the
North
Dakota,
you
drive
the
North
Dakota,
that's
not
an
issue
in
that
way:
use
plug-in
hybrids
with
10
to
35
miles
of
evie
rains
about
10
to
15,000
and
new
ones,
with
15
to
53
miles
of
electric
trains
about
24,000.
After
the
fair
all
tracks
grade
and
again
you
can
find
all
the
information
about
the
new
ones
right
in
this
one.
I
So
that's
easy,
so
my
suggestion
is
call
look
at
the
look
at
the
list
figure
out
which
ones
you
potentially
like
and
then
contest
drive
them
have
fun.
That's
what
you
can
do,
because
I
can
tell
you
you
should
buy
this
car
used
by
that
car.
It's
a
personal
decision!
You
have
to
contest,
see
oh
I,
actually
like
this
one
better
than
that
one
and
that's
how
it
is,
but
remember
that
no
plug
No
Deal.
That's
the
mantra!
Do
you
have
to
go?
I
Because
when
you
go
to
the
dealers
they
will
potentially
try
to
sell
you
a
senior
utility
vehicle
and
you
can
say
I'm
not
that
old.
Yet
so
I
don't
want
one
of
those.
So
that,
because
they
have
so
many
of
those
at
the
lot,
that's
why
they
tried
to
sell
you
the
traditional
ones.
You
makes
very
clear
to
them.
I
want
the
one
that
I
can
plug
in,
because
that's
the
best
chosen
for
me
all
right.
Thank
you.
I
Not
a
problem
for
EVs,
you
will
have
less
of
rains
in
wintertime
because
the
batteries
will
provide
less
capacity
in
the
winter.
So
let's
say
you
buy
a
new
Nissan
Leaf
that
in
an
that's
EPA
rating
is
about
150
miles
in
United
States.
You
might
be
able
to
get
170
miles
out
of
that
in
really
really
really
cold
winter
days,
maybe
hundred
ten
miles.
So
as
long
as
you
know
that
when
you
wear
it,
no
issues,
but
just
be
just
just
know
that
that's
the
case.
I
There's
some
already
over
500
locations
for
charging
instruction
around
the
state
and
there's
more
DC
fast
charging
coming
online.
All
the
time
too
so
mpca
is,
for
example,
doing
VW
settlement
funding
for
those
and
we'll
see
more
and
more
DC
fast
charging
stations
coming
from
that
program,
but
remember
the
place
to
charge
your
car
is
at
home.
80
to
90
percent
of
charging
happens
at
home.
That's
where
you
charge
your
car.
My
wife,
for
example,
has
driven
every
day
with
the
electric
car
for
the
last
seven
years.
A
G
G
G
You
will
also
see
as
I
go
through
this
presentation,
that
preventing
waste
in
the
first
place
really
has
the
just
impact
overall,
which
intuitively
you
probably
already
know
that,
but
there's
also
some
numbers
to
back
it
up.
So
this
really
should
say
reducing
greenhouse
gas
emissions
by
preventing
waste
and
recycling.
G
So,
to
begin
to
wrap
your
mind
around,
how
do
you
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions
through
recycling?
How
do
you
achieve
environmental
benefits?
I.
Think
this
illustration
does
a
really
good
job
of
helping
you
do
that
when
I
try
to
explain
it
to
people
I've
used
this
diagram.
Many
times
is,
you
know,
first
think
about
whatever
product
you
want
to
think
about.
In
this
particular
case
we're
talking
about
how
paper
is
made
and
if
you're,
making
brand-new
sparkling
white
office
paper
from
virgin
raw
materials.
This
is
essentially
the
entire
process
that
you
have
to
go
through.
G
Trees
have
to
be
grown,
they
have
to
be
harvested.
They
have
to
be
shipped
to
a
paper
making
facility
where
the
before
the
wood
gets
there
it's
shipped
somewhere,
then
there's
chemical
pulping,
there's
a
lot
of
energy
that
goes
into
all
of
that
process.
There's
Kemp
to
make
the
chemicals
that
go
into
the
process
write
all
of
that
to
then
get
the
paper
to
you.
So
there's
all
kinds
of
resources
and
energy
tied
up
into
this
paper.
G
G
So
your
tax
dollars
at
work-
if
you
want
to
put
numbers
on
to
that
exactly
what
are
the
benefits?
What
are
the
greenhouse
gas
emission
reductions?
The
US
Environmental
Protection
Agency
about
I
think
it
was
roughly
15
years
ago,
came
out
with
something
called
the
warm
model
which
takes
all
of
that
information
puts
it
into
algorithms
plugs
it
into
an
Excel
spreadsheet.
You
can
go
on
epa.gov,
slash,
warm
and
download
your
own
spreadsheets.
If
you
want
and
you
plug
the
information
in,
and
it
allows
you
to
compare
alternative
management
scenarios
for
materials.
G
So
if
I
was
going
to
landfill
organics
rather
than
compost
them,
what
are
the
differences
in
greenhouse
gas
emissions?
What
are
the
other?
You
know
benefits?
That's
what
this
allows
you
to
do,
so
you
can
look
at
landfilling,
waste-to-energy,
otherwise
known
as
incineration,
recycling,
composting,
etc,
and
then
it
spits
out
numbers
for
you
and
you
could
see
exactly
how
much
benefit
you've
received.
So
this
is
an
example.
I
work
for
Hennepin
County.
This
is
a
Hennepin
County
example
for
2009
residents
recycled
more
than
117
thousand
tons
of
various.
G
What
of
recyclables
we
plug
that
into
the
warm
model,
and
you
can
see
what
the
benefits
were
by
avoiding
those
greenhouse
gas
emissions
associated
with
raw
material
extraction,
manufacturing,
etc.
So
that
was
equivalent
to
removing
forty
one
thousand
three
hundred
cars
from
the
road
annually,
which
was
enough.
It
saved
enough
energy
to
provide
heating,
cooling
electricity
for
twenty
thousand
five
hundred
households,
and
then
you
can
see
the
rest
there.
So
those
are
the
kind
of
numbers
that
you
that
you
get
food
waste
food
waste
in
organics.
G
That's
I've
been
working
on
food
waste
in
organics
for
fifteen
years,
so
I
could
go
way
way
deep
on
this,
I
won't.
But
this
is
kind
of
how
many
of
you
have
heard
that
in
the
u.s.
we
waste
about
40
percent
of
our
food
so
see.
So
the
word
has
gotten
out
and
you
and
probably
why
you
heard
about
it.
Was
this
report
came
out
from
the
Natural
Resources
Defense
Council
in
2009
called
wasted?
G
So
this
this
is
on
a
national
basis
that
food
waste
that
40
percent
takes
up
a
quarter
of
the
fresh
water
used
in
the
u.s..
Just
think
about
that.
A
quarter
of
the
fresh
water
is
tied
up
in
that
forty
percent
of
food
waste.
Four
percent
of
US
oil
consumption
tied
up
in
that
food
waste
goes
on
much
of
this
food
waste
is
land
filled
when
food
waste
goes
into
landfill,
it
breaks
down
without
oxygen,
it
breaks
down
anaerobically
and
that
create
some
methane.
Methane
is
a
much
more
potent
greenhouse
gas
than
carbon
dioxide.
G
It's
anywhere
I've
seen
estimates
from
30
to
80
percent,
more
potent
than
co2.
So
by
preventing
that
food
waste
by
recycling
that
food
waste,
you
then
reduce
a
lot
of
greenhouse
gas
emissions
if
you're
interested
in
tips
on
how
to
do
that.
This
led
to
a
whole
new
effort
by
the
NRDC
called
stop
food
waste
org.
If
you
go
to
stop
food
waste,
org,
there's
all
kinds
of
tips
on
better
purchasing
storage,
prep,
etc
to
reduce
food
waste.
G
The
last
thing
I'm
going
to
just
point
out
here,
is
again
talking
about
prevention,
so
it's
great
to
recycle,
sometimes
I've
seen
where
people
are
so
crazy
about
recycling,
it
seems
like
they
generate
more
waste
just
so
they
can
recycle
more.
So
you
it's
great
that
you
recycle
your
waste,
but
you
really
want
to
think
about
preventing
it,
and
some
agencies
like
ours.
This
really
organ
Department
of
Environmental
Quality,
is
leading
this
by
looking
at
in
green.
Here
is
really
just
managing
the
waste.
G
But
when
you
look
at
the
extraction
and
the
manufacturing
of
materials,
they've
done
a
report
that
shows
that
almost
50%
of
the
greenhouse
gas
emissions
emitted
nationwide
are
really
associated
with
materials
use.
So
not
just
the
way.
So
when
you
look
at
it
that
way,
it's
a
much
much
bigger
slice
of
where
the
emissions
are
coming
from
and
that
we
need
to
really
start
looking
upstream.
More
so
with
that,
I
will
stop.
A
These
questions,
I
think
got
answered
at
an
earlier
presentation
that
the
sustainability
Commission
put
on
so
I
will
jump
a
couple
apologize
to
people.
If
you
want
to
ask
those
questions,
please
do
at
the
table.
Is
it
possible
to
give
restaurants
incentives
to
use
compostable
takeout
containers
and
do
some
cities
do
this?.
G
It
is
possible
to
cab
those
incentives.
In
fact,
Hennepin
County
has
a
business
recycling
program.
That's
been
going
on
for
several
years
that
provides
funding
for
businesses
to
either
start
new
recycling
programs
or
improve
existing
ones,
including
organics
recycling,
and
part
of
that
you
can
buy
up
to
a
six
month
supply
of
compostable
food
ware,
which
includes
to-go
containers.
G
Let's
just
say
contaminant
for
people
who
are
really
really
passionate
about
recycling,
I
would
say
when
in
doubt
throw
it
away
and
I
know
many
people
who
are
very
passionate
about
recycling,
think
the
exact
opposite.
There
aren't
magic
little
elves
at
the
recycling
facilities
that
pull
out
every
little
wrong
thing.
The
way
things
get
processed
is
are
on
high-speed
conveyor
belts,
they're,
processing
about
40
tons,
an
hour
of
material
and
there's
not
people.
There
they're
pulling
really
big
things
out,
but
a
lot
of
the
contamination
will
not
get
pulled
out.
A
So
I
have
another
speaker
to
introduce.
We
have
another
question
up
on
the
screen.
If
everyone
in
the
u.s.
ate
no
meat
or
cheese
just
one
day
a
week,
it
would
be
equivalent
to
taking
how
many
cars
off
the
road
Wow
and
our
next
speaker
bill.
Adamski,
grew
up
on
a
farm
in
Wisconsin
and
is
still
knowing
the
basics
regarding
agricultural
practices
for
35
years
he
worked
as
an
air
pollution
meteorologist
with
the
Wisconsin
Department
of
Natural
Resources
and
did
regulatory
duties
to
help
keep
the
ambient
air
as
clean
as
possible
from
contaminants.
Bill
fills.
A
Global
warming
is
all
about
the
existential
life
consequences
born
from
injecting
humongous
amounts
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
greenhouse
gas
emissions
into
the
atmosphere.
So
he
is
very
active
with
organization
MN
350
working
to
help
convince
the
powers-that-be
that
it
is
immediately
necessary
to
significantly
reduce
carbon
in
the
atmosphere
in
order
to
preserve
the
livability
of
our
planet,
and
with
that
I'd
like
to
welcome
our
last
speaker
and
best,
maybe
Bill
come
on
up.
J
All
the
answer:
oh
there
we
go.
Okay,
it's
the
answer
is
actually
seven
million
six
hundred
thousand.
This
is
across
the
United
States
though
it
just
gives
you
an
idea
of
how
much
global
warming
gases
are
emitted
in
the
production
of
meat
and
other
animal
protein.
In
this
case,
dairy
products,
especially
cheese,
so
yeah,
it's
a
big
factor:
egg
egg
and
global
warming
gases.
Are
there
they're
big
numbers?
J
So
it's
it's
got
a
lot
of
character
to
it:
okay,
the
first
one,
a
agricultural
practices
that
lead
to
the
sizable
amount
of
global
warming
emissions
and
just
the
basics.
We
all
know
about
co2
and
that's,
as
you
can
see
from
the
pie
chart
that's
far
and
away
the
largest
by
mass
I
want
to
call
attention
to
methane
ch4
as
well
as
nitrous
oxide
and
OH.
J
There
are
slivers
in
this
in
the
pie.
Chart
of
global
warming
gases,
but
their
potency,
as
you
can
see,
is
considerably
many
times
more
than
what
co2
has
for
methane
ch4
30
times,
no.2
n2o
300
times
so,
even
though
they
might
be
small
in
volume,
they
are,
they
do
pack
a
lot
of
wallop
on
their
own
and
these
the
methane
in
the
n2o,
which
aren't
is
well-known
in
the
general
circular
in
general
public.
As
far
as
global
warming
gases,
they
are
much
more
prevalent
in
agricultural
practices.
J
I
just
want
to
show
that
egg
as
well,
combined
with
forestry
and
other
land
use,
comes
in
a
barely
just
under
that
for
electricity
and
heat
production,
the
egg
and
the
other
operations
24%,
just
under
the
25%
for
electricity
and
heat.
So
hey
it's!
It's
a
sizeable
source
of
GHG
global,
warm
how
global
warming
and
now
we
get
to
farm-related
global
warming
emissions-
and
this
is
where
methane,
particularly
in
its
it's,
the
belching
from
livestock
animals.
A
lot
of
people
sort
of
a
snicker
at
it
might
be
coming
out
the
other
end.
J
J
J
Continuing
co2
we've
heard
that
co2
sometimes
helps
with
increasing
crop
productivity,
because
plants
need
carbon,
but
they
also
in
general,
reduce
the
nutritional
value,
weeds,
passed,
others
thrive
in
excessively
warm
weather,
heat
waves,
increased
stress
on
livestock
and
droughts
reduce
the
amount
of
pasture
and
and
forage
for
the
grazing
livestock
at
nighttime.
You
know
this.
We're
talking
about
co2,
mostly
the
warmer
weather,
is
coming
at
night
with
the
greenhouse
effect,
where
it
traps
the
long-wave
radiation
coming
out
at
night,
and
that
accelerates
the
evaporation
of
in
the
crops
dries
them
out.
J
J
J
The
plants
pull
the
co2
out
of
the
air,
and
this
deals
with
turbulence.
The
air
works
its
way
down
with
us
with
the
co2
in
the
air
it
hits.
It
hits
the
surface
where
the
it's
pulled
out
of
the
atmosphere
with
by
the
by
the
plants
photosynthesis
they
draw
down
the
carbon
into
the
soil.
The
expiration
process
involves
the
release
of
oxygen
as
a
by-product.
J
Actual
practices
you
want
to
have
green
on
the
surface
bare
ground
in
agricultural
fields
is
doesn't
do
us
any
good
in
terms
of
working
the
pulling
the
co2
out
of
the
air.
You
need
ground,
you
need
crop
cover
and
plants,
you
know
growing
them,
they're
very
helpful
off
seas
between
between
crops,
but
even
more
effective
is
planting
trees
and
the
next
two
categories
are
just
that,
where
trees
are
planted
between
fields
for
agroforestry
for
trees
are
just
much
much
much
more
effective
in
pulling
the
co2
out
of
the
atmosphere
and
working.
J
J
Where
you
grow
up
you,
you
have
trees,
you
have
cows
cattle
grazing
among
trees,
and
that
way,
you
you
don't
waste
land
just
devoted
strictly
to
forage
I'ma,
Tyrael
and
then
rotational
grazing
same
along
the
same
lines
of
reducing
the
stress
on
the
on
the
pasture.
Let
them
rest
the
plants
have
a
chance
to
regenerate
and
it's
get
healthy
again
and
also
there's
a
byproduct
of
literally
with
the
animal
dung
is
sort
of
they
self
fertilize.
The
land
for
more
mork
carbon
through
their
animal
droppings.
J
Okay
and
they're
coming
just
these
other
things
here
with
no-till
again,
avoiding
plowing
is
a
big
thing
towards
getting
keeping
the
soil,
stable
and
regenerative
and
finally
improving
consumer
choices.
This
this
is
probably
the
tall
bar
chart.
Portion
of
the
bar
chart
is
eating
people
eating
a
lots
of
meat
and
they
are
the
type
of
people
who
whose
food
choices
result
in
much
more
global
warming
gases
being
emitted,
and
it
works
its
way
down
to
vegan,
which
is
less
than
half
of
what
a
meat
lover
would
generate
in
terms
of
their
carbon
footprint.
A
I
just
want
to
mention
again
if
people
have
any
further
questions
for
any
of
our
speakers.
Please
talk
to
them
at
the
tables
outside.
We
have
a
few
minutes
left
that
we
can
be
doing
that
and
thank
you
so
much
for
coming.
I
really
appreciate
all
of
the
interactive
participation
from
the
audience
and
I
hope.
You
learned
a
lot
about
the
different
aspects
of
things
we
can
do
to
change
in
our
own
lives,
ways
to
reduce
our
impact
on
carbon
and
sustainability.