►
Description
Additional information at
https://lims.minneapolismn.gov
C
B
As
we
begin,
I
will
note
for
the
record
that
this
meeting
has
remote
participation
by
commissioners
and
city
staff
is
authorized
under
minnesota
statutes,
section
13
d
.021
due
to
the
declared
local
public
health
emergency.
This
meeting
will
be
recorded
and
posted
to
the
city's
website
and
youtube
channel
as
a
means
of
increasing
public
access.
B
B
B
D
B
B
B
That
motion
carries
and
the
minutes
for
the
april
22
2021
meeting
are
accepted.
The
next
order
of
business
is
the
acceptance
of
public
comments.
I
will
open
the
floor
and
invite
comments
from
the
community.
We
will
limit
the
public
comment
period
to
no
more
than
two
minutes
per
speaker
at
this
time.
Also,
I
will
open
up
public
comment
again
following
the
presentation
of
the
two
speakers
with
that.
Are
there
any
community
members
on
the
line
who
wish
to
address
the
commission?
B
Hearing
no
comments:
I
will
move
on
with
the
agenda
new
business
item
number
five:
misdemeanor
arrests
and
prosecution
in
minneapolis,
we'll
start
with
a
presentation
by
deputy
city
attorney
mary
ellen,
hang,
deputy
city
attorney
mary
ellen
hang
is
the
director
of
the
criminal
division
of
the
minneapolis
city,
attorney's
office
and
she's
a
champion
for
criminal
justice
reforms
such
as
the
diversion
program
and
alternative
courts.
We
really
appreciate
her
engagement
and
thank
thank
you
very
much
for
being
here
attorney
hank.
Please
take
it
away.
E
Thank
you
chair,
sarah,
yes,
my
name
is
mary
ellen
hang,
I
have
been
with
the
city
attorney's
office,
for
it
will
be
24
years.
In
july
I
started
as
a
line
prosecutor
became
a
supervising
attorney
in
2009,
and
I've
been
the
criminal
deputy
since
2012
and
as
the
deputy
I've
had
the
opportunity
to
really
move
our
division
forward
and
be
a
leader
in
criminal
justice
reform,
and
I'm
really
excited
to
kind
of
touch,
a
very
high
level
on
some
of
the
things
that
we
are
doing
in
our
office.
E
E
Just
to
give
you
a
rough
idea
back
in
2013,
our
case
load
was
around
24
000
the
last
two
years.
It's
been
about
ten
ten
thousand
to
thirteen
thousand
cases,
so
our
caseload
has
steadily
dropped,
which
I
think
is
a
good
thing
and
we
receive
our
cases
both
as
law
enforcement,
makes
misdemeanor
arrests
and
do
what
they
call
a
tab
charge.
We
also
prosecute
offenses
charged
by
citation,
and
then
we
issue
some
cases
by
criminal
complaint,
misdemeanors
and
gross
misdemeanors.
E
What
I'm
going
to
focus
on
is
a
lot
of
our
work
around
our
low
level,
what
we
call
livability
offenses.
We
do
prosecute
domestic
violence
and
dwis
and
and
those
public
safety
cases,
but
but
the
real
reform
work
that
we've
done
has
been
around
these.
These
low-level
livability
offenses
that
impact
not
only
the
individual
who's
brought
into
the
system
on
these
cases,
but
our
communities
that
my
office
represents.
E
What
we
know
is
a
lot
of
these
offenses
are
driven
by
underlying
issues:
homelessness,
mental
health,
chemical
addiction.
Any
combination
of
that
so
we've
tried
to
find
some
unique
ways
to
address
that.
We
also
know
that
some
of
these
offenses
are
committed
by
individuals
who
are
probably
not
likely
to
come
in
the
justice
system.
Again,
they've
made
a
one-time
mistake
and
we're
trying
to
lessen
the
collateral
consequences
that
we
know
come
from
people
that
happen.
When
you
get
any
type
of
a
criminal
conviction,
it
can
affect
your
ability
to
get
a
job
get
housing.
E
So
the
first
thing
I'm
going
to
touch
on
is
our
diversion
programs
and
the
first
few
that
I'll
just
briefly
talk
about
they're
they're
aimed
more
towards
those
individuals
that
aren't
going
to
be
circling
back
in
through
the
system.
They've
made
a
mistake
and
we're
trying
to
allow
them
a
way
to
be
accountable
for
that
mistake,
but
not
have
a
lot
of
collateral
consequences
than
possibly
have
a
conviction,
so
we
offer
diversion
both
pre-charge
and
in
court
after
they've
been
charged.
E
Pre-Charge
is
just
what
it
sounds
like
if
they
agree
to
do
our
diversion
program
and
are
successful.
We
never
file
that
case.
That's
the
best
case
scenario.
If
the
case
is
filed
and
they're
eligible,
they
can
do
it
usually
as
part
of
an
agreement
to
suspend
prosecution.
So
there's
no
conviction
and
the
case
is
dismissed
once
they
complete
the
program.
E
We
have
a
restorative
justice
livability
program
and
that
focuses
on
livability
offenses,
like
public
urination,
minor,
consuming
consuming
in
public
possessing
drug
paraphernalia,
those
types
of
offenses,
it's
with
restorative
justice,
community
action
and
the
individual
meets
with
community
members.
They
do
a
community
conference.
They
talk
about
the
offense
and
its
impact
and
they
work
out
some
sort
of
community
service
reparations
agreement
that
the
individual
follows
through
with.
E
E
E
It's
fairly
unique
and
I
honestly
don't
know
how
this
program
will
go
kind
of
after
what's
happened
in
the
last
year
with
everything
with
the
death
of
mr
floyd,
but
but
it
was
a
unique
way.
I
think,
for
us
to
address
these
these
crimes.
We
ended
up
trying
a
lot
of
these
cases.
We
didn't
win,
we
didn't
win
them.
There
really
wasn't
a
good
result,
even
for
the
individual
charged.
So
what
happens
is
restorative
justice.
E
Community
action
facilitates
this
for
us
and
a
higher
level
representative
of
the
law
enforcement
agency
and
mpd
they've
been
kind
of
trained
in
by
rjca
on
how
to
do
this
interaction.
They
sit
down
with
the
individual
charged
and
they
talk
about
the
offense.
The
individual
gets
a
chance
to
talk
about
the
offense
from
their
perspective
why
they
did
what
they
did,
how
they
felt
about
what
the
police
officer
did.
The
officer
is
going
to
talk
about
it
from
the
law
enforcement
perspective.
Maybe
try
to
explain
why
the
officer
did
what
he
or
she
did.
E
They
feel
like
they
got
a
chance
to
be
heard
to
talk
about
the
offense
and
many
even
indicated
they
have
a
little
bit
better
understanding
about
the
officer's
perspective.
So
we
think
it's
a
really
unique
program
to
kind
of
address
those
types
of
cases
and
then
we're
an
active
participant
in
the
driving
diversion
program
where
we're
trying
to
help
individuals
get
their
licenses
back
our
two
new
programs
that
they
are
post-conviction
but
they're
really
unique
is
we
have
a
pathways?
E
We
call
pathways
diversion
program
for
for
low-level
gun
offenders,
people
carrying
without
a
permit
what
we
found.
I
was
telling
commissioner
sarah.
We
have
a
90
plus
percent
conviction
rate
on
these
cases
and
the
majority
of
the
individuals
we
were
prosecuting
were
young
african-american,
males,
18
to
30,
and
when
I
looked
at
their
recidivism
post
conviction
for
my
case,
75
were
going
on
to
commit
felonies
and
serving
serious
jail
time,
if
not
prison.
So
we
knew
we
needed
to
do
something
different
on
our
cases
to
intervene.
E
So
we
partner
with
urban
ventures
and
they
receive
a
state
of
adjudication
on
their
case
and
they
go
through
about
a
12-week
primary
phase
program
all
day
where
they
they
take
classes
on
cognitive
skills,
anger
management
and
the
key
piece.
That's
unique
is
it's
trauma
centered.
What
we
found
is
most
of
these
young
men
are
carrying
pistols
for
protection,
because
they've
experienced
some
sort
of
violence
in
their
life
or
to
a
family
member
and
they're.
E
They
tell
the
police
that
that's
why
they
have
the
gun
and
this
trauma
component,
that
they
teach
really
seems
to
be
making
a
difference
in
helping
these
young
men
make
changes
and
what
we've
reviewed,
307
cases
192
have
been
eligible.
We
have
had
48
successful
graduates
and
only
nine
of
those
graduates
have
picked
up
any
sort
of
significant
new
offense,
only
one
new
gun,
offense,
and
so
the
the
recidivism
has
just
completely
flipped
and
we're
seeing
long-term
success.
E
E
It
just
started
in
january,
so
I
don't
have
a
lot
of
statistics,
but
it's
based
on
similar
similar
principles,
kind
of
a
holistic
community-based
approach
trauma
informed,
and
this
is
going
to
focus
on
the
family
as
well,
not
just
the
individual
defendant
and
so
we're
hoping
that
this
program
will
start
seeing
the
success
of
pathways
had
the
last
thing
I'll
just
touch
on
is
aside
from
these
programs.
My
office
has
been
a
leader
in
trying
to
do
some
criminal
justice
reform
initiatives.
E
So
when
there's
caught,
when
they're
encountered
by
law
enforcement
they're,
given
a
court
date
to
appear
rather
than
taken
to
jail
and
booked
and
have
to
post
bail
because
they
didn't
even
know
that
court
date
existed,
we
helped
establish
restorative
court,
which
works
with
those
low-level
livability
offenses,
we've
partnered
with
hennepin
county
health
and
human
services
and
the
individuals
work
with
social
workers
and
those
social
workers
help
them
address
those
underlying
issues
and
and
when
they
do
and
they
are
getting
getting
kind
of
more
stabilized,
then
we
are
doing
a
better
resolution,
often
a
dismissal
on
their
court
cases.
E
We
reviewed
the
people
that
were
successful
in
restorative
court
from
ja
from
2019
and
we
reduced
their
recidivism
by
69
percent,
so
we're
seeing
some
really
good
results.
The
social
workers
are
just
phenomenal.
They
do
great
work
with
these
individuals,
we're
starting
to
use
them
more
and
more.
In
a
lot
of
programs,
we
have
the
former
program,
the
downtown
100,
which
is
now
called
the
strategic
justice
partnership.
It's
very
similar
approach,
kind
of
a
holistic
approach,
but
it
focuses
on
the
downtown
area,
so
individuals
charged
with
these
crime
downtown.
E
We
added
a
social
worker
to
that
group
that
social
worker
is
doing
street
outreach
and
case
management,
we're
trying
to
get
them
engaged
with
services,
be
without
having
to
bring
them
into
the
court
system
and
that
just
started
this
year.
So
we're
really
excited
to
see
how
that
impacts
that
program,
adding
that
social
worker
component
and
some
of
these
individuals
are
going
through
our
restorative
court
as
well,
rather
than
be
placed
on
active
probation.
E
So
we
kind
of
have
a
a
dual
track,
depending
on
what
the
individual
needs
as
far
as
their
cases
and
then
the
last
thing
I'll
touch
on
is
we've
been
a
real
advocate
at
the
legislature,
we've
been
active
in
supporting
the
driver's
license
suspension
bill
where,
where
we're
advocating
that
individuals
should
not
have
their
driving
privileges
suspended
for
non-payment
of
fines,
that
just
adds
more
collateral
consequences,
it
doesn't
help
anyone.
It
doesn't
certainly
doesn't
help
them
get
their
license.
Back,
doesn't
promote
valid,
license.
E
Try
insure
drivers
on
the
road
that
bill
we're
hoping
is
going
to
be
passed
in
a
special
session.
E
Call
your
representative
or
senator,
encourage
them
to
do
so,
and
we're
supporting
the
fines
and
fees
bill
where
we're
asking
that
the
mandatory
court
surcharge,
which
is
an
additional
fee
on
top
of
any
fines,
impose
that
is
mandatory
and
can't
be
waived,
be
either
allowed
to
be
waived,
modified
or
allow
community
service,
because
again
you're,
just
creating
a
financial
burden
for
individuals
that
often
are
low
income
and
simply
don't
have
the
money
to
pay
the
fine
imposed,
let
alone
a
mandatory
court
fee.
That
goes
to
support
the
the
courts.
E
B
Thank
you
so
much
attorney
hank.
I
think
I'm
going
to
take
questions
after
the
second
speaker
just
so
we
can
sort
of
have
the
the
full
body
of
information.
So
our
next
speaker
is
professor
alexander
natapov,
she's,
a
legal
scholar
and
a
criminal
justice
expert.
Her
scholarship
focuses
on
the
influence
of
misdemeanors
in
the
us
criminal
justice
system
and
she
recently
published
a
book
focusing
on
misdemeanors
and
how
that
impacts.
Local
communities
she's
also
consulted
with
government
agencies
providing
testimony
and
assisting
in
making
criminal
justice
changes.
So
thank
you
very
much
for
your
time.
F
So,
thank
you
so
much
for
having
me.
Obviously
this
week
is
a
is
a
historic
week.
It
marks
the
one-year
anniversary
of
george
floyd's
murder.
The
whole
country
is
grappling
with
these
difficult
issues
that
your
commission
is
grappling
with.
F
We
are
all
thinking
about
how
to
make
our
criminal
system
fairer,
more
effective,
less
racist
and
less
violent,
and-
and
so
this
is
a
moment
not
only
have
historical
significance,
but
also
enormous
opportunity,
and
so
I
want
to
say
that
I'm
honored
that
you
have
invited
me
to
be
here
part
of
your
all-important
conversation
in
this
all-important
city.
F
So,
as
chair
sarah
mentioned,
I
have
spent
the
last
decade
or
so
thinking
about
criminal,
systemic
reform
from
the
perspective
of
misdemeanors
from
this
from
the
bottom
up
perspective,
and
I
want
to
emphasize
the
importance
of
the
work
that
attorney
hang
and
her
office
do
in
this
regard.
We
don't
always
accord
the
misdemeanor
system
the
importance
and
the
attention
that
it
deserves.
So
I
want
to
commend
attorney,
hang
in
her
office
for
the
obvious
effort
that
they
have
been
putting
in
over
the
over
the
years
and
currently
to
address
this
all-important
space.
F
I
want
to
encourage
this
commission,
your
city
council
residents
of
the
city
of
minneapolis,
who
may
be
listening
to
appreciate
this
focus
that
the
low-level
offense
machinery,
the
misdemeanor
machinery,
as
we
have
learned
in
the
most
painful
ways
recently,
is
the
space
of
great
human
suffering,
great
injustice,
a
lot
of
racism
and
too
much
violence.
F
But
it
is
also
a
place
of
great
opportunity
for
change
and
improvement.
And
so
what
I'd
like
to
do
is
take
a
few
minutes
to
talk
about
a
perspective
on
our
criminal
system
from
the
misdemeanor
vantage
point
and
then
offer
a
couple
of
concrete
changes
that
this
commission
could
recommend
immediately.
That
would
build
upon
and
expand
the
kinds
of
work
that
your
city
attorney
office
is
already
engaged
in
so
first
to
understand
our
criminal
system.
We
don't
we
don't
usually
think
about
them
this
way,
but
misdemeanors
are
mostly
what
our
criminal
system
does.
F
Eighty
percent
of
all
the
criminal
cases
in
the
united
states
filed
in
the
united
states
are
misdemeanors.
Most
americans
who
encounter
the
criminal
system
will
do
so
through
the
misdemeanor
apparatus.
Misdemeanors
are
in
effect,
the
net.
This
is
how
we
sweep
people
into
the
criminal
system.
In
the
first
instance,
it
is
a
space
of
enormous
discretion,
both
police
discretion
and
prosecutorial
discretion
and
therefore,
unfortunately,
as
we
have
seen
over
and
over
again,
it
is
also
a
space
of
enormous
race
discrimination.
F
People
of
color
are
stopped
and
arrested.
More
often,
punished
often
punished
more
harshly
than
our
white
people
for
traffic
violations
for
low-level
conduct
like
loitering
trespassing,
even
jaywalking
common
conduct
in
which
almost
everyone
engages,
but
for
which
not
everyone
is
punished.
F
We
sometimes
say
that
misdemeanors
represent
the
first
step
in
the
racialization
of
crime
in
america,
but
by
which
we
mean
that
this
is
the
focusing
of
criminal
enforcement
on
people
of
color
and
communities
of
color
and
therefore
represents
an
obvious
space,
an
opportunity,
an
opportunity
to
roll
back
that
that
unfair
and
disproportionate
focus.
F
F
Attorneys
often
call
misdemeanors
petty
offenses
or
minor
offenses,
but
there
is
in
fact
nothing
minor
about
the
punishments
that
go
with
them.
People
who
are
arrested,
charged
with
misdemeanors,
are
losing
their
liberty
they're,
losing
their
jobs,
their
housing.
F
If
they're
convicted,
they
will
lose
government
benefits,
perhaps
their
immigration
status
again,
all
based
on
allegations
of
relatively
minor
conduct.
Going
to
jail,
even
briefly
as
we
know,
can
be
dangerous.
It's
traumatizing
fines
and
fees,
as
attorney
hang
mentioned,
does
fines
and
fees
misdemeanor
fines
and
fees
can
be
crushing
for
individuals.
They
push
people
further
into
economic
insecurity
and
into
poverty.
F
I
want
to
suggest,
therefore,
that
the
best
way
to
understand
misdemeanors
are
not
as
a
kind
of
case,
but
that
this
is
a
system
it's
a
set
of
processes
and
institutions,
and
that
we
look
to
see
how
each
step
of
that
process
generates
economic
disparity,
racial
disparity
and
then
think
how
we
might
address
that
at
each
step.
It's
an
enormous
process.
It
begins
on
the
street
with
stop
and
frisk
and
then
arrest,
detention,
jail,
criminal
charges,
fines
and
fees,
more
incarceration.
F
Each
step
of
this
process
imposes
costs
and
again
each
step
offers
opportunities
for
change,
and
so
here,
I'd
like
to,
as
I
noted
at
the
beginning,
I'd
like
to
propose
two
concrete
changes
at
at
two
pivotal
key
moments
in
the
misdemeanor
process,
both
of
which
are
designed
to
shrink
that
enormous
misdemeanor
net
and
and
to
reduce
its
destructive,
individual
and
communal
impact.
There
are
many
more
interventions,
attorney
has
mentioned
a
few
and
we
I'm
happy
to
talk
about
them
in
the
q
a,
but
these
two,
in
my
view,
represent
best
practices.
F
Many
jurisdictions
are
already
adopting
them.
They
require
no
change
in
law,
they
can
be
adopted
tomorrow
and
they
have
the
potential
to
meaningfully
shrink
this
enormous
and
destructive
misdemeanor
net
that
we
have
permitted
to
grow
and
and
to
reduce
the
scale
with
which
we
sweep
people
into
the
criminal
system
in
the
first
place.
So,
in
a
nutshell,
the
two
changes
are
one
police
should
make
fewer
misdemeanor,
arrests
and
prosecutors
should
decline
more
misdemeanor
cases
and
I'll
explain
what
I
mean
by
both
of
those.
F
So
as
we
know
in
the
most
tragic
ways,
misdemeanor
arrests
are
incredibly
costly.
We
have
seen
across
the
country
as
well
as
well
as
here
in
minneapolis.
This
is
where
racial
disparities
in
the
criminal
system
begin.
F
Arrests
are
also,
however,
the
initiation
the
beginning
of
the
punitive
and
dangerous
experience
of
being
in
the
criminal
system.
They
are,
by
definition,
forcible.
They
involve
detention
and
all
the
dangers
that
go
with
it.
They
involve
pre-trial
incarceration,
they
create
criminal
records
and
they
create
all
these
punitive
and
risky
experiences,
even
when
that
arrest
does
not
actually
lead
to
any
criminal
case
or
any
criminal
conviction,
and
so
the
bottom
line
is
that
we
should
do
it
less.
F
It
turns
out
conveniently
that
minnesota
law
on
in
this
regard
is
ahead
of
the
curve.
Your
court
rules
minnesota
court.
Rule
6.01
already
requires
police
to
issue
a
citation
rather
than
engaged
and
engage
in
a
custodial
arrest
in
misdemeanor
cases,
and
so
the
challenge
is
not
to
change
the
law
here,
but
to
ensure
that
police
actually
abide
by
existing
minnesota
law
to
make
it
real
to
put
it
into
practice,
and
as
you,
as
you
know,
your
neighbors
in
brooklyn
center
have
already
taken
steps
in
this
regard.
F
In
response
to
the
killing
of
dante
wright
cities,
all
over,
the
country
are
experimenting
with
decriminalization,
with
issuing
citations
instead
of
engaging
in
arrest
turning
to
unarmed
service
providers,
rather
than
armed
police
with
the
authority
to
make
arrest,
and
the
idea
is
that
reducing
arrest
is
the
way
of
shrinking
the
net.
It's
a
powerful
first
step
in
reducing
the
violence
of
the
low-level
criminal
system,
reducing
the
incarceration
that
it
too
often
imposes,
and
also
improving
the
relationships
between
police
and
the
communities
that
they
serve.
F
The
second
intervention,
so
reducing
misdemeanor
arrest.
The
second
intervention
is
prosecutor
focused,
and
that
is
to
raise
declination
rates
and
declination
is
a
technical
term.
It
means
it
refers
to
the
moment
when
a
prosecutor
declines
to
transform
a
misdemeanor
arrest
into
a
case
at
all,
so
that
misdemeanor
arrestee
never
becomes
a
criminal
defendant
or
to
put
it
differently,
to
recognize
it's
when
prosecutors
recognize
that
being
arrested.
F
F
Unlike
felonies
misdemeanor
declination
rates
tend
to
be
low,
which,
which
is
a
way
of
recognizing
that
that
prosecutors
are
ratifying
police
decision
decisions
to
arrest
rather
than
screening
them,
so
in
effect,
police
are
getting
to
decide
who
will
be
formally
charged
with
a
crime.
That
is
not
how
our
criminal
system
is
supposed
to
work.
Prosecutors
are
supposed
to
make
that
decision,
but
when
declination
rates
are
low,
it
means
those
arrests
are
automatically
being
funneled
in
to
the
formal
criminal
system.
F
As
we
know,
from
research
around
the
country,
declination
rates
also
tend
to
be
racially
disparate
white
defendants
often
get
their
cases
declined
more
often
than
defendants
of
color.
The
process
in
many
offices
is
also.
F
It
is
often
managed
by
the
least
experienced
prosecutors
in
the
office,
because
it's
seen
as
a
form
of
training
and
again
in
this
at
this
key
moment,
this
key
juncture
and
the
criminal
process,
the
opportunities
for
improvement
are
enormous
and
when
prosecutors
decline
more
rigorously,
in
other
words,
when
they
screen
arrests
more
rigorously,
there
are
enormous
benefits
for
all
the
actors
in
the
system.
I'll
just
mention
a
few.
F
There
was
a
groundbreaking
study
came
out
just
last
month.
I
think
an
empirical
study
from
nyu
that
examined
declination
policies
in
suffolk,
county
in
boston,
and
the
study
showed
just
how
salutary
how
beneficial
raising
declination
rates
can
be
for
the
entire
system.
Not
only
does
declination
save
the
individual,
of
course,
that
individual
from
going
to
jail
from
getting
a
record
from
having
to
go
to
court
from
paying
fines
from
engaging
in
a
diversion
or
probationary
program,
but
it
also
reduced
their
future
criminal
contacts
with
the
criminal
system
itself.
F
Around
the
country
from
lh
boston
have
been
developing
policies,
declination
policies
that
establish
strong
presumptions
of
declination
for
certain
classes
of
misdemeanor
prosecutors,
of
course,
always
retain
their
their
discretion
to
put
a
case
into
diversion
or
put
a
case
farther
along
in
the
criminal
system,
but
strong
presumptions
for
misdemeanor
declinations
are
growing
up
all
over
the
country
and,
of
course,
you
know
the
risk
of
stating
the
obvious
higher
declination
rates
have
the
potential
to
save
the
city,
millions
of
dollars,
millions
of
dollars
in
prosecutorial
time,
public
defense,
jail
costs
and
court
costs.
F
Prosecutors
are
not
supposed
to
ratify
police
decisions;
they
are
empowered
to
check
and
screen
them.
Indeed,
the
integrity
of
the
entire
criminal
system
relies
on
prosecutors,
who
are
attorneys
and
officers
of
the
court
to
perform
this
function,
and
it's
one
of
the
reasons
that
we
accord
special
powers
to
prosecutors
and
have
special
rules
for
them.
For
example,
we
give
prosecutors
absolute
immunity
from
lawsuit
in
a
way
that
we
do
not
that
we
do
not
give
to
police
officers
because
their
roles,
their
discretionary
role,
is
so
important.
F
Prosecutors
are
given
vast,
unreviewable,
equitable
discretion
to
decide
the
all-important
question
about
whether
an
arrest
really
warrants
the
opening
of
a
full-fledged
formal
criminal
case,
and
so
when
prosecutors
decline,
an
arrest.
It's
not
an
insult
to
the
police,
it's
actually
a
recognition
of
the
very
different
roles
and
the
very
different
functions
of
police
and
prosecutors
in
our
system
of
criminal
justice.
F
So
I
want
to
leave
plenty
of
time
for
conversation
and
questions
for
those
of
you
who
are
interested
in
more
information.
As
chair
sarah
mentioned
your,
you
can
take
a
look
at
my
book,
which
is
about
the
entire
american
misdemeanor
system.
It's
called
punishment
without
crime.
For
those
of
you
who
are
more
film
people
than
book
people,
the
book
inspired,
a
documentary
called
racially
charged
america's
misdemeanor
problem.
F
I
think
it
behooves
us
to
end
by
acknowledging.
You
know
that
we
are
here
in
so
many
ways
because
of
george
floyd,
not
least
because
he
was
stopped
on
the
allegation
of
a
misdemeanor
and
so
was
dante,
wright
and
so
was
philando
castile
and
so
was
eric
garner
in
new
york,
and
so
was
michael
brown
in
ferguson.
F
B
A
Yeah,
if,
if,
if
that's
appropriate,
first
of
all,
thank
you
both
for
coming
here.
This
has
been
wonderful
and
chair.
Sarah
never
disappoints
in
her
meetings,
and
this
is
this
is
another
10..
First
of
all,
deputy
city
attorney.
Hang
I
got
a
couple
of
questions.
I
work
in
the
ems
in
minneapolis
and
I
think
I
probably
run
into
a
lot
of
the
same
people
that
your
office
runs
into
on
a
pretty
regular
basis,
kind
of
in
the
downtown
area.
A
Specifically,
can
you
talk
a
little
bit
and
I'm
just
looking
for,
like
general,
a
general
understanding?
How
many
folks
do
you
run
into
in
the
misdemeanor
system?
Maybe
in
some
of
these
diversionary
programs,
who
are
also
experiencing
either
mental
illness
and
or
substance
abuse
issues.
E
Commissioner
sylvester,
I
don't
have
an
exact
number,
but
it's
a
lot.
You
know
when
we're
when
we're
talking
about
these
low-level.
You
know
non-violent
offenses,
like
we're
talking
about
a
lot
of
them
are
driven
by
these
underlying
issues.
The
individuals
have
you
know
many
of
the
things
that
you're
describing
mental
health
issues
of
various
degrees,
chemical
dependency,
drug
addiction,
they're,
homeless,
they're.
They
don't
have
jobs.
E
So,
yes,
that's
that's
a
driving
factor
for
a
lot,
especially
the
individuals
that
we
see
that
continue
to
get
sighted
or
arrested
and
kind
of
cycle
in
and
out.
You
know
we,
like,
I
said
I've
been
doing
this
a
long
time
and
and
our
our
method
of
addressing
that
has
certainly
evolved
and,
I
think,
evolved
for
the
better,
especially
with
right
now
tapping
into
the
social
workers,
like
I
said,
has
been
it.
It
kind
of
just
happened
unexpectedly,
and
it
turned
out
to
be
just
an
exceptional
addition
to
the
toolbox
in
which
we
have.
E
E
Sometimes
even
the
active
supervision
of
the
court,
often
does
more
harm
than
good
and
doesn't
lead
to
success,
but
at
the
time
we
knew
they
had
these
issues
and
if
we
didn't
somehow
try
to
intervene
and
and
help
them
get
the
treatment
or
whatever
they
needed,
we
weren't
going
to
do
any
good,
and
so
you
know
we
we
did
what
we
thought
was
right
at
the
time
and
we
use
probation
because
they
can
be
ordered.
You
know
court
can
order
them
to
treatment,
whether
you
know
sometimes
it
works
being
ordered.
E
Sometimes
it
doesn't,
but
but
we've
known
for
a
long
time
that
for
a
lot
of
these
types
of
crimes,
that's
what's
really
driving
it.
I
think
we're
just
a
lot
better
informed
and
we
have
a
lot
more
data
and
tools
now
realizing,
there's
a
lot
of
better
ways
to
deal
with
that
than
criminalizing
it,
and
that's
really,
I
think
what
the
professor's
talking
about.
What
we're
trying
to
do
is
not
criminalize
these
things,
but
it
drives
a
lot
of
the
cases
that
we
handle
a
lot.
A
Sure
that
was
my
that
was
my
suspicion,
but
I
was
really
hoping
you
would
elaborate
on
that
and
you
really
did-
and
I
appreciate
that,
what's
your
office's
relationship
with
the
hospital
systems
that
cover
the
city,
I
mean
I'm
thinking
about
like
fairview
and
abbott
and
specifically
hcmc
like
do
you
have
a
relationship
with
those
systems
because
I
feel
like
in
my
in
my
daily
work.
I
am
kind
of
an
ad
hoc
diversionary
resource
most
days
for,
for
you
know,
smart
officers
who
understand
that
this
is
an
addiction
issue.
A
This
is
a
chronic
health
issue
whatever,
and
so,
instead
of
you
know,
taking
you
to
jail
for
something
that
you
know
the
handbook
might
say
you
should
be
taken
to
jail
for
whatever
you
get
an
ambulance
right.
So
what's
your
relationship
with
the
health
systems.
E
Commissioner
sylvester,
we
don't
have
a
a
direct
relationship
so
to
speak,
but
certainly
yes,
I
mean
we,
you
know
with
with
someone
in
need
of
either
you
know
medical
services
or
with
the
new
1800s
service
center.
You
know
I've
spoken
to
minneapolis,
police,
metro,
transit
and
we've
encouraged
them
for
these.
If
they
encounter
an
individual,
you
know
who
appears
to
be
in
need
of
services
having
these
issues
we've
encouraged
them.
Rather,
you
know,
use
their
discretion.
E
It
is
interesting,
though,
a
lot
of
the
cases
that
you're
talking
about
they
do
come
out
of
hcmc
out
of
the
you
know,
the
psychiatric
you
know
and
and
they're
cases
that
I
don't
like
seeing
you
know
when
you
have
someone
who's
clearly
having
some
issues,
mental
health
and
that
may
lead
them
to
be
obstreperous,
and
then
they
want
them
to
leave
and
they
won't
leave
the
next
thing.
You
know
securities
arresting
them
for
trespassing,
or
maybe
they
get
they
get
violent.
E
And
now
we
have
an
assault
that
we
know
is
driven
by
these
behaviors
and
we
get
a
lot
of
those
cases
and
we're
trying
to
put
those
into
our
restorative
court
and
and
lessen
the
criminality
of
the
behavior
and
getting
them
the
help
they
need,
but
but
those
cases
they're
hard
for
us
to
prosecute,
because
we
understand
why
law
enforcement
got
called
and
that
you
know
they
intervened,
but
prosecuting
that
individual
is
not
really
the
right
answer.
So
you
know
from
that
respect
it.
E
G
Okay,
okay,
I
was
like
looking
at
your
face.
I
have
a
couple
things
so
first,
thank
you
both
for
being
here.
I'm
feeling
very
hopeful
that,
like
we
have
like
something
tangible
like
wow
like
this,
is
something
that
could
be
very
beneficial
and,
like
is
like,
could
be
on
the
horizon.
So
thank
you
for
giving
us
this
information.
G
G
E
Commissioner
abdi,
I'm
not
sure
I
quite
understand
what
you're
asking
me.
Could
you
repeat
that
please.
G
Yeah,
so
I'm
just
hearing
there's
like
a
lot
of
like
support
and
resources
and
collaboration
around
like
misdemeanor
offenses,
to
try
to
like
to
alleviate
them
being
in
the
criminal
justice
system.
Is
it
possible
and
what
would
it
look
like
if
we
did
just
that,
but
for
folks
that
are
getting
felonies.
E
Yes,
I
you
know,
I,
I
know
that
the
county
attorney's
office
is
doing
work
in
that
area.
For
some
offenses,
you
know
for
the
individuals
that
are
charged
with
low-level
property
and
drug
offenses,
I
mean
really
the
difference
between
a
felony
damage
to
property
and
a
damaged
property
comes
to
me.
Is
the
dollar
amount
they
broke?
You
know
something
that's
over
a
thousand
dollars.
You
know,
depending
on
how
much
of
a
narcotic
they
have.
It
may
be
a
gross
misdemeanor
that
my
office
prosecutes.
E
It
might
be
a
fifth
degree
felony,
and
so
they
are
starting.
You
know
they've,
always
utilized
the
tools
of
treatment
and
and
the
treatment
courts.
You
know
they
have
a
robust
drug
court,
but
they
are
starting
a
felony
restorative
court
based
on
our
model,
trying
to
engage
them
with
social
workers,
so
so
for
certain
appropriate
felony
offenses.
E
The
county
attorneys
engaged
in
this
process
and-
and
I
think,
that's
really
exciting-
to
see,
because
those
are
the
areas
where
again,
they
can
really
make
a
difference,
and
then,
as
the
professor
said,
their
resources
will
be
better
utilized,
prosecuting
the
violent,
the
violent
criminals
that
need
to
be
prosecuted.
So,
yes,
that
works
being
done
by
them,
and
I
encourage
you
to
reach
out
andy
lefevre
is
their
criminal
deputy
and
I'm
sure
he'd
love
to
give
more
information
on
what
they're
doing
in
that.
In
that
regard,
thank.
G
You
so
much
for
that
and
for
miss
nadapov.
G
So
the
lowering
misdemeanor
rates
just
sounds
very
attainable
like
something
that
like
could,
I'm
not
gonna,
say
easily
happen,
but
like
we
could
see
that
happening
so,
but
like
what
are
the
stakeholders
like
incentive
to
do
that
to
like
screen
arrest
more
vigorously,
because
I
know
that
takes
like
manpower
just
hiring
enough
people
to
probably
do
that.
But
yeah
like
what's
the
incentive
for
the
cop
and
for
the
attorney
to
decline.
More
misdemeanors
and
police
like
making
more
misdemeanor
arrests,
fewer
misdemeanor,
arrests,.
F
Yeah,
that's
a
great
that's
a
great
question
and
the
answer's
a
little
bit
different
for
the
two
institutional
players
because
of
course
their
incentives
are
different,
and-
and
so
it's
an
enormous
subject
matter.
But
let
me
just
pull
the
thread
a
little
bit
and
suggest
a
few
ways
that
you
that
the
commission
might
think
about
it.
So,
with
respect
to
police,
one
of
the
things
we've
learned
is
that
there
are
all
kinds
of
incentives
for
police
to
make
arrests
that
have
nothing
to
do
with
public
safety.
F
They
have
to
do
essentially
with
advancement.
There
have
been
lawsuits
around
the
country
where
police
officers
have
sued
their
own
departments.
F
Explaining
that
they
are
under
pressure
at
either
formal
or
more
often
informal
arrest
quotas,
without
which
they
cannot
advance,
but
because,
for
example,
they
are
stationed
in
low-income
communities
of
color.
The
way
that
plays
out
is
they
are
essentially
being
pressured
to
make
unnecessary
arrests
in
precisely
the
communities
that
are
suffering
the
most
from
it.
And
so
one
thing
this
commission
might
consider
doing
is
if
you're
interested
in
promoting
lower
arrest
rates
and
return
to
citation
the
way
minnesota
law
actually
already
requires
that
they
do.
F
You
might
consider
sitting
down
with
the
rank
and
file
and
asking
them.
What
are
the
pressures
that
you
experience,
internal
and
external,
that
make
it
difficult
for
you,
for
example,
to
issue
a
citation
or
just
release
someone?
F
Commissioner
sylvester,
I
was
struck
by
your
your
comment
when
you
said
when
you
said
that
the
smart
officers
turned
folks
over
to
you
to
get
help
it.
It's
a
lot
to
ask
of
police
officers
to
say
you
need
to
be
the
smart
one.
F
Every
time
we
should
have
policies
and
incentives
that
are
baked
into
their
training
baked
into
their
professional
incentive
structure
that
they're
always
rewarded
for
doing
the
smart
thing
and
it's
a
way
of
hearing,
I
think,
from
the
rank
and
file
from
the
police,
who
may
be
relieved
to
have
allies
in
other
spaces
to
relieve
the
pressure
on
them
to
be
making
arrests
that
are
not
necessary
and,
in
fact,
would
be
better
resolved
by
a
mental
health
intervention
or
a
health
intervention
or
some
other
kind
of
of
intervention.
F
So
I
think
there's
a
lot
of
room
and
there's
I'm
happy
when
we're
offline
to
to
send
you
some
links
to
research,
there's
an
enormous
amount
of
research
in
this
space
being
done
in
all
these
areas,
and
I'm
I'm
happy
to
to
share
it
with
you
with
respect
to
prosecutors,
offices
and,
of
course,
attorney.
Hang
can
speak
more
directly
to
the
incentives
in
her
particular
office.
There
again
there's
quite
a
there's
researchers
across
the
country
in
different
prosecutorial
offices,
to
ask
what
are
the
incentives
to
charge
cases
that
should
be
declined?
F
Sometimes
they
are
again
they're
internal
to
an
office,
so
young
prosecutors
or
new
prosecutors
may
believe
that
they
will
be
perceived
as
tough
on
soft
on
crime.
F
If
they're
declining
cases,
they
may
feel
that
it's
risky
to
to
challenge
police
decisions
to
arrest
that
there
is
some
professional
or
perhaps
political,
cost
to
that,
and
I
think
it
is
in
these
spaces
that
that
conversation
and
allies
are
so
important
that
we
can,
that
that
we
need
to
have
conversations
in
it
and
there
certainly
have
been
jurisdictions
that
have
embarked
on
these
conversations
between
prosecutor
offices
and
police
departments
to
say:
look,
we
we
we're
we're,
not
disrespecting
you
when
we
decline,
your
your
arrest,
we're
recognizing
the
power
of
arrest,
we're
recognizing
the
costs
to
our
entire
system,
to
our
office,
to
the
individual
and
it's
our
job
as
prosecutors
to
make
decisions.
F
Not
what,
since
we're
not
taking
anything
away
from
your
decision
to
arrest,
we
have
a
different
job
and
then
to
make
sure
that
every
office
has
the
resources
and
in
particular
the
data
to
know
how
their
office
is
really
running
again
I'll.
You
know
defer
to
attorney
hang
on
her
particular
office,
but
one
of
the
things
we
found
in
prosecutor
offices
around
the
country
is
they
don't
know
what
their
declination
rates?
Are.
F
They
don't
know
what
the
racial
disparities
in
their
declination
rates
are,
because
they
don't
keep
the
data
and
when
they
do
find
out,
they
are
able
to
make
changes,
for
example,
to
assign
more
skilled
senior
attorneys
to
those
initial
declination
decisions,
because
they
know
that
these
cases
don't
need
to
be
prosecuted,
whereas
junior
attorneys
may
feel
you
know
more
pressure
to
make
decisions
differently.
So
there
are
so
data
collection
this.
This
is
many.
F
Prosecutorial
offices
are
starting
to
collect
more
data
precisely
so
they
can
make
these
kind
of
internal
changes
that
we
know
can
be
so
powerful,
but
very,
but
but,
as
you
pointed
out,
they
can
be
done
now.
They
don't
that
the
city
council
doesn't
need
to
pass
a
new
ordinance.
You
know
minnesota
doesn't
need
to
pass
a
new
state
law.
The
offices
have
have
that
capacity,
and
I
should
note
that
there
are
resources
so,
for
example,
for
prosecutorial
offices
that
want
to
do
more
data
collection.
H
A
Yeah,
I
just
wanted
to
circle
back
on
that
that
that
comment,
I
guess
I
I
work
with
a
lot
of
really
really
smart,
cops
and-
and
you
know
a
couple
of
guys,
the
other
day
up
in
northeast
called
me,
because
some
person
with
some
significant
mental
illness
was
banging
on
the
door
of
a
random
house
looking
for
her
son,
who
obviously
wasn't
in
the
house,
but
they
called
me
because
she
wasn't
wearing
socks
and
she
had
these
really
crummy
boots
on
and
she
had
terrible
blisters
and
so
instead
of
calling
me
for
you
know
to
transport
somebody
with
mental
illness.
A
They
called
me
because
you
got
to
check
out
this
poor
woman's
feet.
Well,
that's
how
we
got
her
into
the
ambulance,
that's
how
we
got
her
into
the
hospital.
That's
how
we
got
into
you
know,
keep
psych
services
whatever.
So
that's
what
I'm
talking
about
smart
options
and
I'd
like
to
circle
back,
I
guess
to
attorney.
Hang
one
more
time
talking
about
misdemeanors
here.
If
I
can
have
you
seen
a
drop
in
the
last
I
mean
the
data.
E
E
And
you
know
the
court
shut
down
in
basically
the
end
of
march,
and
we
were
only
having
in
custody
court
hearings
for
several
months
and
then
slowly
of
we
only
started
doing
jury
trials
on
our
misdemeanors
again
in
may,
and
then
you
know
mr
floyd
was
murdered
and
then
that
obviously
impacted
law
enforcement
and
that
and
so
those
two
yes
we
we
saw,
we
saw
a
significant
and
drop
in
arrest
and
citations
in
these.
E
And
then
you
know-
and
it's
impacting
how
we're
addressing
these
cases
now,
because
the
court
system
and
we're
we're
still
we're
doing
more
than
in
custody.
Court
hearings
right
now,
but
we're
doing
them
remotely
we're
still
not
in
person,
and
we
may
not
likely
be
in
person
until
september
or
possibly
until
2022,
so
we're
doing
fewer
cases
on
the
calendar
and
and
along.
You
know,
with
the
discretion.
What
we're?
E
What
I'm
trying
to
talk
to
my
staff
about
is,
as
we
start
doing
these
cases,
it's
going
to
kind
of
force
us
to
exercise
some
of
the
discretion
that
ms
nafo
nap
nadapov
is
talking
about.
We
have
to
decide
where
do
we
want
to
put
our
resources
and
and
as
we
you
know,
are
going
to
trial?
We
need
to
be
looking
at
that
repeat:
drunk
driver
that
repeat
domestic
abuse.
You
know
we
don't
need
to
be.
E
You
know,
no,
don't
need
to
be
trying
a
trespassing
case,
that's
driven
by
underlying
issues,
and
so
it's
going
to
factor
in
how
we
resolve
our
cases
moving
forward
and
how
we
look
at
them
and
I
think
how
we
decline
certain
things
and
we're
already
seeing
it
happen
of
like
okay,
one
of
the
things.
I
think
that
my
staff
also
does
really
well
that
not
all
prosecutor
offices
do
when
it
comes
to
misdemeanors.
Is
you
you
have
to
you
know?
First,
you
have
to
look
at
the
case.
You
have
to
decide,
you
know.
E
Is
it
a
good
case?
Is
there
probable
cause
and
if
there's
not,
you
need
to
do
the
right
thing
and
and
dismiss
it
and
decline
it
right
away,
but
even
if
there
is,
you
know
it's
not
just
looking
at
the
individual
behavior,
but
you
know
assuming
there's
no
victims
involved
or
any
public
safety
risks.
We
also
do
a
good
job
of
looking
at
their
entire
criminal
history,
because
it's
amazing,
you
know
you
might
see.
Okay,
this
is
a
trespassing,
it's
a
perfectly
good
trespassing,
but
they
they
have
two
open
felonies
that
they're
dealing
with.
E
Do
we
really
need
to
charge
our
trespass
and
have
it
tag
with
that
felony
only
to
get
dismissed
in
nine
months,
and
you
know
they
may
have
other
things
in
other
jurisdictions,
and
I
think
that's
part
of
you
know
not
piling
on
and
being
smart
as
prosecutors
of
deciding.
Is
this
a
case
that
we
need
to
be
taking
on
when
they
have
these
other
things
going
on
or
looking
at
they're
already
on
probation
and
they're
having
their
issues
addressed?
Do
we
need
another
case?
E
What's
what's
it
going
to
add,
so
I
think
a
lot
of
that
goes
into
that
analysis.
Looking
just
beyond
the
case
and
really
seeing
what
they're,
what
what's
going
on
in
their
whole
in
their
whole
world,.
A
So
much
one
more
and
thank
you
so
much
for
being
here
again.
Thank
you
for
your
work
in
our
city,
one
more
this
year,
the
county
with
kobits
started
housing,
a
lot
of
people
in
a
lot
of
empty
hotels,
and
in
my
work
you
know
on
the
streets.
I've
seen
that
have
just
a
huge
impact
on
people's
lives
and
really
understanding
that
housing.
You
can't
be
med
compliant
with
mental
health
issues.
If
you
don't
have
a
place
to
live,
and
you
can't
be,
you
know,
med
compliant
with
your
diabetes.
A
If
you
don't
have
a
fridge
to
store
your
insulin
and
you
can't
go
to
your
diversion
programs,
if
you
don't
have
a
place
to
plug
in
your
cell
phone
in
order
to
tell
you
it's
time
to
wake
up,
you
know
what
I
mean,
and
so
what
what
impact
do
you
think
has
has
that
kind
of
sheltering
program
in
those
hotels,
kind
of
that
just
very
basic.
Putting
people
in
a
place
had
on
on
kind
of
the
misdemeanor
system
that
you've
seen.
E
It
has
a
huge
impact,
commissioner,
sylvester,
for
all
the
reasons
that
you
cited.
Also,
you
know,
I
think
something.
You
know
we
often
with
some
individuals.
We
try
to
force
sobriety
on
them.
That's
not
gonna
work,
I'm
in
recovery
myself,
I
wasn't
gonna
be
forced
on
me.
E
I
had
to
make
my
own
decision,
and
I
did
that-
and
I
think
okay,
but
if
they're
drinking
in
public,
it's
not
our
jobs
to
tell
people
how
to
live
their
lives
and
and
they're
they're
drinking
legally
I
mean,
albeit
in
public,
but
but
housing
them
somewhere,
where
they
can
have
a
safe
place
to
to
do
that
and
then
they're
not
out
drinking
on
the
street.
You
know
getting
into
further
trouble
we're
seeing
that
impact
and
it's
interesting
the
housing
piece.
I'm
only
really
still
fully
understanding
the
impact
that
our
cases
have
on
it.
E
With
the
restorative
court
that
I
talked
about.
You
know
we
are
doing
a
fair
number
of
dismissals,
but
sometimes
we're
doing
continues
for
dismissals
to
keep
the
case
alive
for
a
few
months,
and
I
can't
tell
you
the
number
of
times
we've
done
that
and
then
I've
got
an
email
from
the
social
worker
saying
you
know,
mr
miss
so-and-so
housing
finally
came
through,
but
they
saw
that
they
have
this.
They
consider
it
an
open
case,
even
though
in
my
mind
it's
resolved
and
they
won't
give
them
the
apartment
because
they
view
them
on
probation.
E
You
know
the
intent
is
not
to
make
things
worse,
it's
to
try
to
put
them
in
a
better
situation,
so
we
need
to
do
things
that
help
them
get
housed
and
stay
housed,
so
they
have
a
safe
place
and
it's
all
about
safety
too.
You
know
when
you're,
when
you're
feeling
safe
and
you're
warm
and
you're
dry
in
minnesota
winter.
You
know
you're
going
to
do
better.
It's
not
it's
not
rocket
science.
B
C
Hi
this
is
dave
picking.
I
really
appreciate
your
allowing
a
public
comment
after
the
presentation.
I
very
much
appreciate
the
research
and
perspective
from
the
professor
and
I'm
encouraged
to
hear
from
the
city
attorney
that
the
number
of
cases
has
gone
down
substantially
in
the
last
few
years.
C
Just
wanted
to
offer
a
quick
perspective
a
number
of
years
ago,
probably
12
years
ago,
or
so
I
worked
for
several
years
with
restorative
justice,
myself
in
the
midtown
restorative
justice,
and
it's
certainly
an
improvement
over
the
court
system
for
handling
the
cases
we
were
talking
about.
But
that's
a
faint
praise,
I'm
afraid
we
found
that
the
the
big
thing
we
were
seeing
there.
In
fact,
most
of
our
cases
were
solicitation
of
prostitution.
C
It
was
you
know,
a
big
sting
for
a
number
of
years
there
on
lake
street
and
one
of
the
requirements
is
that
a
person
has
to
admit
responsibility
or
guilt,
and
you
know
understand
the
harm
they
created.
C
Some
people
did
exactly
that
and
were
you
know,
followed
the
program,
but
in
a
number
of
cases
it
was
clear
that
people
you
know
while
saying
that,
yes,
that
they
were
guilty
telling
a
story.
That
said
something
quite
differently
and
in
many
cases
I
believed
them.
C
Certainly,
the
racial
disparities
and
the
arrests
were
just
blatant
in
terms
of
the
cases
that
we
saw
so
and
most
many
or
most
of
those
arrests
should
not
have
been
made,
or
at
least
they
were
targeted
at
african
americans
and
immigrants
of
color.
So
the
problem
helped
the
individuals
involved,
but
it
covered
up
basically
a
problem
within
the
court
within
the
court
system
itself.
So
and
pretty
much
everybody
completed
it,
it
was
good
I
was.
C
I
was
glad
I
did
it,
but
it's
it's
not
the
cure
for
the
system
that
that
we
would
like
to
see
the
other
thing
quickly.
Is
you
mentioned,
or
talked
about
the
custodial
arrests
versus
issuing
a
citation
at
communities
united
against
police
brutality?
We
hear
from
a
lot
of
people,
we
have
a
hotline
that
people
call
in.
We
hear
about
cases
at
our
meetings,
and
this
is
an
issue
that
comes
up
just
over
and
over
and
over
again
we
ask
well,
why
did
the?
C
Why
did
the
officer
arrest
you
and
take
you
to
jail?
I
mean
this
is
something
you
should
just
get
a
citation
for
and
though
there
are
cases
where
custodials
arrest
is
necessary
in
a
misdemeanor,
those
are
the
exception,
but
unfortunately
we're
seeing
a
lot
of
cases
like
that.
So
I
just
wanted
to
pass
that
on
thanks.
B
Given
that
no
one
is
speaking
up
I'll,
take
this
opportunity
to
just
mention
something:
professor
nadapov,
you
you
mentioned
that
in
an
area
that's
sort
of
high
traffic.
If
you
will
there's
a
lot
of
like
nuisance,
type
crimes
and
livability
type
stuff
happening,
that
the
cost
of
arrest
and
prosecution
is
very
high
and
that
money
might
be
spent
in
other
spaces.
Could
you
speak
to
maybe
in
what
other
ways
and
I'll
just
offer
this?
B
That
when
I
had
clients
in
the
downtown
100
program,
one
thing
my
clients
always
told
me
they
were
downtown.
Is
that
the
housing
shelter
at
ten
ten
curry,
which
is
downtown
it
closed
at
six
a.m
and
didn't
open
until
I
think,
five
or
six
pm
in
the
evening?
So
they
had
this
block
of
time
where
they
couldn't
be
anywhere
and
they
had
to
urinate,
and
you
know
so
just
offering
that
yeah.
F
Thank
you,
and
I
know
we're
I'm
out
of
time
so
I'll
just
say
briefly
we're
in
a
moment.
I
think
we're
all
aware
the
pandemic
seems
to
be
drawing
to
a
close.
It
has
been
a
very
unusual
year,
as
attorney
hang
pointed
out.
We
don't
really
understand.
We
can't
understand
what
happens
after
the
pandemic
in
terms
of
crime
and
crime
rates,
in
the
same
way
that
we
can
understand
it
during
the
year
and
there's
some
indication
that
some
kinds
of
crimes
crime
rates
have
gone
up.
F
Many
people
think
it's
because
of
the
pandemic,
and-
and
I
just
want
to
emphasize
this-
the
value
of
the
structural
view
that
crime
rates
go
up
and
down
crime
rates
go
up
and
down
in
gentrified
downtown
areas
they
go
up
and
down
in
neighborhoods
the
the
criminologists
and
the
experts
tell
us
over
and
over
again.
We
don't
really
know
why
we
have
some
theories,
but
what
we
can
do
is
take
the
opportunity
of
this
moment
to
invest
in
principle,
change
change
that
we
know
will
reduce
economic
disparities
that
will
reduce
racial
disparities.
F
My
guess
is
that
we
will
be
seeing
soon
a
lot
pressure
to
return
to
some
old
habits
in
the
face
of
allegations
of
rising
crime,
and
this
is
a
cyclical
phenomenon
that
happens
in
the
united
states
about
every
15
years.
We
have
a
moment
of
potential
reform
and
then
people
get
nervous,
and
so
sarah,
your
your
your
question
about
how
we
can
instantiate
these
commitments
are,
as
we
have
all
been
discussing,
and
the
commissioners
and
and
attorney
sarah,
I'm
sorry
attorney,
hang
of
pointed
out.
F
We
can
create
new
institutions
so
that
people
never
get
into
the
criminal
system.
In
the
first
place
we
can
professors,
we
call
it
the
criminalization
of
the
welfare
state.
That's
a
fancy
word
we're
saying
we're
asking
the
criminal
system
to
do
work.
It
is
not
designed
to
do
sheriffs
all
over
the
country
are
telling
us
that
we
are
running
that
they
are
running
mental
health
institutions,
not
jails.
F
F
All
of
these
their
commissioner
abdi
said
we
can
do
this,
it's
right
there
for
us
to
do,
but
we
should
not
underestimate
the
power
of
doing
it
and
sticking
to
our
guns,
no
pun
intended
as
people
get
nervous
about
the
cost.
We
know
what
the
no
city
unfortunately
knows
better
than
minneapolis
the
cost
of
doing
it.
The
old
way-
and
so
I
just
want
to
say
thank
you
again
for
including
me
in
this
such
an
important
conversation.
F
Unfortunately,
the
world
is
watching
minneapolis
and
any
in
any
way
that
I
can
be
helpful
to
your
efforts.
Please
let
me
know.
B
Thank
you
so
much
and
very,
very
special
thanks
and
gratitude
to
our
speakers
this
evening,
we're
not
going
to
get
to
the
last
item
of
our
agenda,
we'll
save
that
for
the
next
week.
With
that
without
objection,
I
will
then
again
thank
our
guests
and
direct
the
clerk
to
receive
and
file
this
presentation
and
seeing
no
further
business.