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From YouTube: Black Homes and Leisure Activities
Description
Listen to panelists Harry Davis, Jr. and Vivian Jenkins Nelsen talk about the history of Black homes and leisure activities in Minneapolis.
A
B
We
as
the
Elaine
Johnson
Development
Group,
have
joined
with
the
106
group,
an
equity
strategies
to
have
conversations,
call
Community
engagement
to
be
able
to
let
the
community
talk
about
how
they
want
to
preserve
history
and
how
they
want
to
honor
people
in
the
community.
African
American
community,
so
part
of
preservation
is
knowledge.
We
need
to
know
the
knowledge
centers,
the
spaces,
the
people
the
play
places
so
we're
so
happy
to
have
our
guest
tonight
who
can
shed
more
light
on
our
history
in
Minneapolis.
Thank.
A
B
A
C
As
Rob
said,
this
project
is
being
funded
by
The
National
Trust
for
historic
preservation,
and
so
we
are
looking
to
have
these
conversations
to
really
better
understand
and
better
document
the
the
built
environment
as
we
call
it
so
buildings
lands
places
that
are
associated
with
the
African-American
experience
in
Minneapolis
and
so
there's
several
different
ways.
We
can
talk
about
preservation
that
might
mean
listing
something
on
the
national
register
of
historic
places,
establishing
local
landmarks,
creating
exhibits
to
tell
the
stories,
and
you
might
also
have
ideas
that
you'll
share
with
us
this
evening.
C
We
do
want
to
acknowledge
that
the
national
register
of
historic
places
and
the
list
of
local
landmarks
as
they
currently
stand,
overwhelmingly
focus
on
the
contributions
of
white
individuals
and
events
associated
with
white
people
and,
as
a
result,
these
lists
do
not
fully
fully
represent
minneapolis's
history,
and
we
also
recognize
that
many
important
places
associated
with
African-American
Heritage
in
Minneapolis
have
been
lost
or
erased
due
to
intentional
arson.
Construction
of
interstates
urban
renewal
initiatives,
among
many
other
factors
which
have
created
additional
obstacles
to
properly
documenting
and
honoring
those
places.
C
So
through
these
engagement
sessions
we
hope
specifically
significantly
expand
the
narrative
and
we'll
be
providing
the
city
with
number
one.
Your
input
about
how
youth
like
African-American
Heritage
to
be
preserved,
number
a
list
of
places
in
the
City
of
Minneapolis,
with
African-American
contributions
to
history
are
associated
with
those
contributions
and
then
we'll
also
prepare
a
draft
outline
for
a
historic
context,
study
which
will
be
written
in
a
future
phase,
and
that
creates
the
framework
within
which
we
can
designate
and
nominate
additional
places
and
add
to
those
lists.
C
So,
throughout
the
event,
we
invite
you
to
share
in
the
chat
any
places
that
you
feel
are
important
and
and
worthy
of
preservation
within
the
city,
whether
associated
with
your
own
stories
or
stories
of
people
that
you
know
or
admire
or
inspired
by.
So
looking
forward
to
the
conversation
and
thanks
for
being
here.
A
D
You
Antonio
I
I
I'm,
a
law
student
at
the
University
of
Minnesota
I've
been
working
for
judging
for
about
a
year.
Now
it's
been
a
real
privilege.
Working
with
her.
This
project
has
been
amazing.
I've
been
you
know,
learning
so
much
about
African-American
history,
and
you
know
it's
really
good
to
shed
light
on
this
topic
because,
like
judging
was
saying,
you
know,
the
first
step
for
preservation
is
knowledge.
D
A
You
Shanice
it's
my
pleasure
to
introduce
you
to
tonight's
panelists
for
the
theme
family,
home
Leisure
and
customs
of
African
Americans
Customs
that
became
part
of
America's
identity,
I'd
like
to
first
introduce
Miss,
Vivian
Jenkins
Nelson
she's,
the
co-founder,
with
her
late
husband,
George
of
interbreeze,
a
diversity,
a
think
tank
located
at
Oxford
College
in
Minneapolis,
which
is
nationally
recognized
as
a
diversity
practitioner,
trainer,
planner
and
researcher
Miss.
Jenkins
Nelson
speaks
to
thousands
of
people
each
year
on
leadership,
change
and
diversity.
A
Even
Nelson
here
was
a
bush
leadership,
fellow
at
Harvard
University
and
a
former
director
of
administration
at
the
Huber
Humphrey
Institute
of
public
affairs
at
the
University
of
Minnesota,
and
served
as
a
co-president
of
the
Minnesota
League
of
Women
Voters
board.
She
has
authored
several
books,
11
books,
actually
many
articles
and
essays.
Thank
you.
So
much
for
being
here
tonight,
Vivian
the
next
Mr
Harry
Davis
Jr,
was
a
golfer
at
Hiawatha.
For
the
last
20
years.
A
In
a
native
Minneapolis
resident
for
75
years,
Harry
Davis
was
has
followed
the
plan
for
the
future
of
our
beloved
Highway
Golf
Course
Mr
Harry
Davis
has
a
family
Legacy
in
Minnesota
of
153
years.
It
has
a
very
special
interest
in
maintaining
an
18
whole
course
at
Hiawatha
for
the
community
inner
city,
youth
has
little
opportunity
to
play
golf
except
at
Hiawatha
because
of
cost
and
availability.
A
A
This
is
the
question
would
like
the
panel
members
to
address
What
the
residents
in
Minneapolis
know
about
the
history
of
African-American,
family,
home
and
Customs.
That
became
a
part
of
America's
identity.
What
were
beloved
activities
that
children
engaged
in
what
chores
if
their
family
is
dependent
on
to
preserve
their
Garden,
Harvest
hunting,
game
and
fishing?
A
A
E
Thank
you.
That's
the
amazing
question
and
I'm
just
thrilled
to
be
on
with
Harry
Davis
Jr,
because
your
dad
was
president
of
the
Phyllis
Wheatley
Ford,
when
I
moved
here
in
1967
and
your
dad
was
always
so
kind
to
me
and
I
just
I
just
loved
him.
He
was
just
the
best,
so
I
just
wanted
to
pay
tribute
to
that.
Thank
you,
yeah.
E
These
were
the
places
where
really
knowledge
was
stored
and
they
all
had
they
both
had
libraries
and
they
both
had
stages,
which
is
where
a
lot
happened,
and
you
know
it
was
really
amazing
too.
When
I
first
came
that
the
stage
of
Phyllis
Wheatley
was
really
quite
famous,
a
number
of
people
had
had
been
on
that
stage
and
it
had
been
used
by
the
community.
E
E
E
Also,
you
know
you
look
for
stuff
on
stage
in
The
Wider
community,
but
still
tells
but
still
tells
our
story,
for
example,
for
Black
Nativity
has
been
on
several
different
stages
through
the
years,
but
it's
it's
a
wonderful
thing
and
I
followed
it
from
Orchestra
Hall
we've
got
three
theater
Hallie
Q,
so
it's
it's.
It's
something.
I
hope
that
we
never
lose
at
holiday
time
and
Rambo.
Somebody
help
me
with
his
full
name:
Michael
ramble
has
really
been
a
key
person
now.
E
E
And
we
have
a
new
theater
brand
new
theater
that
was
just
was
just
dedicated
last
week
and
so
we're
looking
for
much
coming
from
the
high
school
students
who
go
to
school
there
and
Michael
is
also
involved
with
that.
So
I've
I've,
if
I
sound,
like
I'm
pushing
theater
I,
am
because
it's
a
place
where
stories
are
acted
out
and
they're
very
well
told
now.
I
want
to
also
say
that
around
the
holidays
everybody
looks
and
looked
for
the
master,
storytellers
and
and
right
now
things
are
starting
to
pop.
E
E
So
now,
moving
on
back
to
church,
stuff
and
I
don't
mean
to
call
Church
happening
stuff,
but
it's
just
a
quick
way
of
saying
that
there
are
all
sorts
of
Wonderful
ways
and
I
adore
I
adore
Children's
Place
at
Christmas
time.
You
know
where
they
forget
their
lines
and
stuff
like
that
and
where
and
where
the,
where
the
baby
in
the
manger
starts
talking
and
they
can't
shut
him
up.
E
E
You
all
right
so
in
my
notes,
Here
I
wanted
to
also
say
that
we
we
have
some
wonderful
musical
organizations,
Grammy
award-winning
organizations
and
they
do
concerts
during
a
holiday,
see
so
the
sounds.
Everybody
knows
who
they
are
and
I
was
lucky
enough
many
years
ago,
when
they
were
a
student
group
at
the
Callister
I
was
their
rehearsal
pianist
and
so
I
followed
them
and
adored
them
from
afar
and
near
all
these
years.
So
we
always
looked
for
musical
events,
what
the
sounds
are
doing
and
they
usually
something
in
the
holidays.
D
E
Other
groups
as
well
so
one
of
the
things
that
I
think
is
very
exciting,
is
the
kinds
of
food
and
baking
and
all
that
kind
of
stuff.
I'll,
never
forget
the
first
fried
turkey
I
had
I
was
like.
Oh,
my
God
I'm,
going
to
heaven
to
do
this
week
and
it
was
like
it's
frying,
a
turkey.
Really
you
can
fry
old
turkey.
Yes,
you
can,
and
yes,
it's
very
good
and
yes,
every
barbecue
from
here
to
Saint,
Paul
and
everywhere,
when
the
first
barbecue
pots
were
were
available.
E
Everybody
was
barbecuing
turkey
for
Christmas
and
anyway,
I
I
really
liked
it,
because
I
hate
stuffing
turkeys.
They
are
disgusting,
but
that's
another
story.
Okay,
now
then,
but
getting
ready
for
food
I'm,
a
vapor
and
kids
love
and
I'm
a
kid
at
heart,
kids,
love,
cookies
and
cooking,
and
when
I
got
here,
I
discovered
that
there's
quite
a
local
history
in
baking.
E
All
of
that
stuff,
different
ethnic
groups,
Russians
Scandinavians
black
folks
I,
was
the
designated
designated
fruit,
Kate
Baker
for
my
family
and
I
loved
getting
ready
for
you
know
you
start
you
have
to
start
with
fruitcakes.
If
you're
going
to
do
them
right,
you
have
to
start
right
around
Thanksgiving
and
you
get
them
baked
and
you
get
them.
E
You
start
putting
Liquor
on
them
weekly
and
it
takes
a
while
for
the
cake
to
really
absorb
this
and
I
found
that
most
minnesotans
knew
nothing
about
true
cake
and
they
all
made
jokes
about.
Fruitcake
fruitcakes
could
be
used
as
door
stops
and
all
that
kind
of
stuff,
but
fruitcakes
in
our
family
were
oh,
my
goodness
they
were
beautiful
and
they
weren't
dark
and
weird.
Looking
you
know,
like
you
see
in
places,
you
know,
I
should
name
places
so
I
won't,
but
there's
a
big
box.
E
D
A
E
Who
bought
Vic,
who
was
The
Fruitcake
maker?
Nobody
could
make
a
fruitcake
like
her,
so
I
haven't
done
it
well
for
a
few
years,
but
that
was
one
of
the
things
and
starting
up,
especially
in
the
South
everybody
made
Fruit
Cakes.
In
fact,
wedding,
cakes
in
the
early
days
were
fruitcakes
and
they
were
light
fruitcakes.
They
had
on
a
like
white
grapes
in
them
and
like
that
so
fruitcake
would
last
it
was
from
the
Victorian
year.
E
Fruit
cake
would
last
for
years
literally,
you
could
keep
it
for
years
if
it
was
probably
packaged
and
iced,
but
anyway,
so
back
to
this
fruitcake
is
just
yum.
If
you
know
how
to
do
it,
then
the
baking
of
the
cookies.
Now
when
I
got
here,
I
for
the
first
time
discovered,
fried
cookies,
I,
never
heard
of
them,
and
it
sounded
kind
of
disgusting
actually,
but
as
I
not
only
got
to
know
what
they
were
and
how
to
do
them,
I
ended
up
being
a
fan.
E
So
what
I'm
talking
about
now
is
the
the
Norwegian
and
danish
and
Swedish
cookies
that
everybody
here
eat
krumkake
and
this
and
that
and
they
sell
them
in
the
grocery
store.
I
was
just
amazed,
so
I
also
got
caught
up
into
into
that,
because
it's
they're
so
pretty
and
kids
love
them,
because
they're
so
scrunchy,
but
anyway,
baking
is
a
like
I
said
a
big
deal
for
me
and
I
love
to
have
people
over
for
coffee
and
that's
another
thing
that
happens
on
the
North
side,
at
least
where
I
live.
E
F
E
F
E
E
Oh
yeah,
so
there's
a
lot
of
excitement
in
darkness.
Let
me
tell
you-
and
in
that
case
it
was
a
poisonous
steaks
or
a
steak,
so
she
needed
to
to
kill
it.
But
anyway
it's
been
really
fun
to
discover
how,
if
you
live
near
a
lake
lake
creatures
that
live
around
Lakes,
oh,
like
deer
and
muskrat
and
so
forth,
they're
gonna
find
your
garden
and
they're
going
to
chew
it.
E
E
The
squirrels
here
are
gray
and
my
husband
used
to
say
that
their
rats
with
fluffy
Tails,
but
anyway
they
are
very
clever
and
they
would
wait
until
my
my
tomatoes
were
almost
red,
just
a
little
left
and
then
they'd
take
them,
bring
them
around
to
my
porch
line
them
up
and
then
take
a
little
nip
out
of
each
one.
Yep
nip,
they
wouldn't
eat
them,
they
just
ruined
them,
so
I
couldn't
eat
them,
but
anyway,
that
you
know
they're
very
clever
as
well.
So
why
do
we
need
worms?
Well,
that's
a
good
thing.
E
Isn't
it
we
need
worms
to
to
actually
make
the
soil
raw
ready
for
water
and
we
need
the
worms
because
they
help
our
plants.
The
dirt
around
them
stays
somewhat
soft
because
you
don't
want.
We
have
Clay
very
a
lot
of
clay
in
Minnesota
and
in
my
every
place,
I've
tried
to
do
a
garden
has
been
played
and
so
I
needed
the
worms
to
do
that.
Thank
you,
and
also
we
needed
the
worms
for
fishing
as
well.
My
husband
would
collect
them
and
put
them
in
his
bucket
for
fishing
now.
E
One
last
thing
I
wanted
to
talk
about,
and
that
is
regarding
Gardens,
my
dad
was
very,
very
fine
guard
there.
He
and
he
and
my
mom
and
my
mom
tells
the
story
of
being
a
Tuskegee
and
then
stealing
Dr
Carver's,
test
cabbages
and
his
test
tomatoes,
and
they
would
go
down
by
the
Tuskegee
River
and
roast
them
and
eat
them,
and
one
day
he
said
in
in
Chapel
everybody
who
ate
the
vegetables
that
had
the
white
powder
on
them.
You
need
to.
E
You
need
to
go
right
away
to
the
nurse
because
you've
been
poisoned
and
my
mother
said
she
and
all
her
friends
jumped
up
and
ran
out
and
of
course
they
hadn't
been
poisoned.
He
put
flour
on
it,
but
then
he
knew
who
was
after
his
garden
but
anyway.
So
I
will
pause
with
that
and
say
thanks
for
allowing
me
to
talk
about
my
favorite
thing,
holidays.
A
G
Thank
you
and
thank
you
Vivian.
You
brought
back
some
memories
of
Phyllis
Wheatley.
What
I'd
like
to
do
today
is
stick
basically
to
Hiawatha
Golf
Course
and
how
Athletics
and
Recreation
many
times
in
our
community
of
color
is
a
means
to
the
end,
to
go
to
college,
to
get
scholarships
Etc
to
advance
your
education,
so
as
young
people,
young
athletes
and
young
young
women
and
men.
Athletes
in
our
community
tone
their
skills
at
Recreation
facilities,
whether
it
was
we
ice,
skated
quite
a
bit
in
Minnesota,
we
swam
quite
a
bit
in
Minnesota.
G
You
know
if
you're
in
Minnesota
most
of
us
know
how
to
ice
skate.
Now,
I'll
just
give
you
a
quick
little
overview.
Judge,
Lang
and
I
went
to
grade
school
junior,
high
school
and
graduated
from
high
school
together.
So
if
I
make
a
misfit
or
say
something,
that's
not
true!
She'll
correct
me
very
quickly.
So
with
that
said,
I'd
like
to
give
a
just
brief
interview.
G
I
mean
a
brief
overview
of
my
family,
so
we
can
set
the
table
because,
when
I
make
speeches,
I
say
I've
seen
the
good
I've
seen
the
bad
and
I've
seen
the
ugly
of
Minnesota.
My
great-great-grandfather
was
a
Spanish
soldier
named
John
Wesley
Harper,
who
was
in
the
Union
Army
at
a
young
age,
but
got
shipped
to
Fort
Snelling
in
about
1855
right
during
the
Civil
War
to
be
a
in
charge
of
the
cattle
and
the
horses.
G
As
a
sergeant
in
the
United
States
military,
he
was
married
to
an
African-American
woman
and
they
had
16
children.
They
had
10
girls
and
six
boys.
Some
of
them
were
born
in
Ohio,
where
he
came
from
and
others
were
born
in
Minnesota
with
that
said,
I
am
the
fifth
generation
of
that
family
and
my
grandson
is
a
Seventh
Generation,
so
the
Davis
Legacy
has
been
in
Minnesota
since
1858,
when
my
great-great-grandfather
got
discharged
in
the
military
from
Fort
Snelling
and
stayed
in
Minnesota
with
his
African-American
wife,
because
going
back
to
Ohio
or
Virginia
was
illegal.
G
Therefore,
we
started
with
a
very
good
Legacy
of
telling
stories
in
history
about
African
Americans
contributions
in
Minnesota,
specifically
in
athletics
and
I'll,
lead
to
golf
course
Hiawatha
toward
the
middle
of
my
speech.
What
we
learned
at
Phyllis,
Wheatley,
Community
Center,
which
will
start
by
an
African-American
woman
named
gertuche
Brown,
who
started
philosophy
as
a
settlement
house
and
that
settlement
house,
because
we
as
children
in
the
Minneapolis
school
systems
did
not
have
black
teachers
did
not
have.
Black
principles
did
not
have
black
superintendents.
G
G
Therefore,
we
as
children
at
Phyllis
Wheatley
had
the
most
educated,
tutors
and
teachers
from
Nursery
School
all
up
through
High
School
Phyllis
Wheaton
was
a
part
of
our
education
of
understanding
who
we
were
in
Minnesota,
because
the
lack
of
population
that
we
identified
with
I
went
to
Central
High
School
in
Minneapolis,
which
was
the
first
founded
High
School
of
the
11
in
Minneapolis.
It
used
to
be
down
where
Vocational
High
School
was.
Is
and
then
it
moved
to
34th
and
4th
Avenue
in
1914.
G
we
were
very
much
aware
of
the
legacy
of
our
high
school,
our
junior
high
school
and
our
grade
schools,
because
in
Minneapolis,
like
many
other
cities,
they
had
redlining.
That
means
the
banks
would
only
loan
loans
mortgages
to
people
of
color
in
certain
zip
codes,
fortunately
or
unfortunately,
the
two
ZIP
codes
in
the
Twin
Cities
with
the
most
African-American
was
five
five
four
eleven,
which
is
North
Minneapolis
in
55407,
which
is
South
Minneapolis.
G
So
when
our
fathers
came
home
from
the
war
and
started
getting
out
of
multiple
dwellings
and
duplexes
and
finding
residential
homes
they
moved
into
55407,
not
because
they
wanted
to
is
because
they
were
limited
where
they
could
live,
and
basically
all
of
us
lived
on
the
south
side
of
Lake
Street,
which
was
30th
all
the
way
to
50th
on
the
south
side,
and
then
we
bought
homes
as
far
as
the
West
as
Lindale
and
Forest
East
of
Chicago
and
Elliott.
That
was
it.
So
we
all
went
to
grade
school
in
that
zip
code.
G
Junior
High
School,
where
sabathi
Community
Center
is
called
Bryant,
Junior
High.
That's
where
we
went
and
Central
High
School
was
located
where
the
Richard
Green
Middle
School
is
now
now
how
did
Athletics,
engulf
and
other
things
Place
such
a
significant
role
in
our
lives.
Nicollet
field,
which
is
now
called
Martin
Luther
King
field,
was
where
all
of
us
grew
up.
Either
we
used
Nicollet
field,
Powderhorn
field
or
Phelps
field,
which
is
on
38th
in
Chicago.
G
Fortunately,
for
us,
the
park
board
was
not
segregated,
so
we
could
play
against
any
other
students,
integrate
our
teams
and
do
anything
we
want
at
a
certain
level.
But
as
you
progress
up
toward
high
school
and
college,
the
integration
of
the
students
started
to
dwindle
because
the
park
boards
lost
their
influence
of
teaching
at
the
high
schools.
G
Phyllis
Wheatley
was
a
hub
of
Black
Entertainment,
because
the
downtown
hotels
in
Minneapolis
were
segregated.
You
could
work
at
the
Dyckman,
you
could
work
at
the
Leamington.
You
could
work
at
The,
Curtis
Hotel.
You
could
work
at
the
Nicollet
or
the
Andrews,
but
you
couldn't
stay
there.
So
my
aunts
and
uncles,
reporters
and
and
and
and
elevator
operators
and
cooks
and
maintenance
people,
but
they
could
not
stay
in
the
downtown
hotels
because
to
surprise
many
of
the
Minneapolis
was
segregated.
G
Who
did
that?
Hubert
Humphrey,
who
was
the
mayor
in
the
early
40s,
was
a
very
Progressive
straightforward,
proactive
mayor,
and
he
found
out
after
a
couple
years
of
being
mayor
that
we
could
work
in
the
hotels,
but
we
couldn't
stay
there,
so
he
initiated
something
and
he
had
meetings
at
Phillis
Wheatley
with
the
NAACP
to
strategize
to
how
to
integrate
the
downtown
hotels
and
he
threw
mayor's
and
executive
executive
rule
opened
up
the
hotels
which
they
pushed
back
at.
G
But
if
they're
going
to
be
a
part
of
our
Downtown
Minneapolis
businesses,
they
had
to
comply
with
the
rules
of
society.
That's
I'm
going
to
lead
her
to
High
Why
Hiawatha,
Golf
Course
is
so
important
to
us.
If
any
of
you
play
golf
or
if
you
don't
play
Golf
the
park
board
system
in
Minneapolis
has
five
golf
courses
over
their
jurisdiction
and
I'll
name
them.
The
first
one
is
called
Meadowbrook
Golf
Course,
which
is
on
Excelsior
Boulevard,
and
it's
located
in
St
Louis
Park.
G
G
The
third
one
is
called
gross
national
park
and
if
you
know
where
Saint
Anthony
is
off
of
280
on
the
highway,
there
part
of
the
Minneapolis
Park
Court
system,
one
of
the
golf
courses
but
they're
they're,
located
in
Saint
Anthony
and
then
the
last
one
is
Columbia
and
lejuna
know
this.
That's
part
of
Northeast
Minneapolis
and
if
many
of
you
are
from
Minneapolis,
that
was
a
part
we
did
not
live.
We
didn't
go
there
at
night.
That
was
not
a
place.
An
African-American
showed
any
visibility
in
Northeast
Minneapolis.
G
G
That
was
a
marsh
and
was
always
going
to
be
Wetlands,
because,
if
you're
familiar
with
Lake,
Nokomis
and
Lake
Hiawatha
order,
our
golf
course
and
many
how
how
Creek
runs
through
our
Golf
Course
to
go
through
the
Minnehaha
Falls,
unfortunately,
that
Golf
Course
is
lower
than
the
two
Lakes.
So
when
we
have
too
much
rain
or
too
much
overflow,
it
overflows
our
Golf
Course.
G
Therefore,
the
DNR
in
the
state
of
Minnesota
and
the
Minneapolis
parkour
had
to
decide
to
save
that
Golf
Course
from
1934
right
up
to
the
date
84
87
years
they
had
to
annually
pump
the
water
out
of
the
golf
course
to
keep
it
dry
and
feasible
to
play
golf.
Everyone
knew
it.
Everyone
agreed
to
it
and
there
was
no
issue,
but
here's
the
seat
we
could
play
at
the
golf
course
we'd
be
an
African-Americans,
my
father
and
grandfathers,
but
we
couldn't
use
the
clubhouse.
So
you
could
play
your
fees.
G
G
So
now,
all
of
a
sudden
in
2018
one
of
the
park
board
members
and
I-
won't
mention
her
name
because
it
gives
her
publicity
decided
that
Hiawassee
to
become
a
natural
reserve
for
that
part
of
the
city,
and
she
was
going
to
lead
the
charge
to
close
the
golf
course.
There
wasn't
any
reason
there
wasn't
any
really
any
philosophy.
There
was
no
data
stated
they
decided,
whoever
they
were,
that
that's
just
the
way
it's
going
to
be
now.
G
Historically
in
Minneapolis,
like
most
urban
areas,
large
cities,
there
is
a
section
of
color
that
seems
to
get
pushed
aside
when
we
come
up
with
urban
renewal,
Selby
Dale's
a
classic
example:
South
minneapolis's
crafts-
exactly
if
any
of
you
were
here
in
1954
35W
was
a
classic
example.
35W
was
a
result
of
people
living
and
working
in
Downtown,
Minneapolis
having
to
get
home
faster
to
Richfield
and
Edina
and
other
south
suburbs.
When
I
was
a
Youngster,
you
went
downtown
Minneapolis
going
south
I
mean
North
by
Park
Avenue
and
you
came
home
down.
G
So
here
we
go
again
now
here
here
was
the
the
the
the
funny
thing
about
that
freeway
here,
I
was
in
fourth
sixth
fourth
grade
and
I
had
friends
that
lived
on
First,
Avenue
and
I
lived
on
Portland.
So
if
I
wanted
to
go,
let's
say:
judge
Lang
lived
on
on
First,
Avenue
and
36th
Street.
We
could
only
cross
that
freeway
down
from
Lake
Street
all
the
way
up
to
46th
street,
because
the
hole
that
they
dug
to
tell
our
community
right
didn't
have.
So
they
took
Central
and
bright
and
they
divided
the
kids.
G
The
park
board
said
this
is
what
we're
going
to
vote
on
and
that
was
in
2018..
Well,
they
underestimated
the
community
this
time,
because
we
had
so
much
history
with
that
golf
course.
We
wanted
to
know
why
we
mean
all
the
people
that
live
in
that
Ward
that
had
shared
the
experiences
now
keep
in
mind.
The
golf
course
just
didn't
allow
people
to
play
golf
that
Golf
Course
had
many
homes
surrounding
it.
G
G
So
the
community
itself,
if
you
notice
the
people
that
surround
Hiawatha
Golf
course,
there's
not
a
lot
of
multiple
dwellings
or
apartment
buildings,
they're
mostly
freestanding
residential
homes
and
every
one
of
those
people's
complain
that
if
you
close
the
golf
course
and
you
stop
pumping
the
water,
because
the
Overflow
we're
going
to
lose
our
homes
or
the
value
of
our
property
to
go
down
15
to
20
percent.
Who
wants
to
buy
a
house
at
the
basement's
flooded
every
time
it
rains,
so
the
park
board
didn't
really
think
of
the
impact
they
were
doing.
G
Yes,
it's
Recreation.
Yes,
it's
called
sometimes
golf
is
reserved
for
people
that
have
access
and
money
to,
but
keep
in
mind
for
the
last
25
years
we
had
what
we
call
a
first
tea
program
to
teach
inner
city,
children,
free
of
cost,
the
game
of
golf,
and
one
of
the
reasons
that's
happened
because
of
the
famous
thing
of
Tiger
Woods,
which
I
didn't
mention.
Tiger
Woods
came
to
our
golf
course
and
made
a
presentation
to
youngsters
saying
this
is
a
game
of
golf.
G
These
are
some
of
the
skills
you
need
is
here's
some
of
the
teaching.
We
can
get
you
for
free
if
you're
interested,
so
in
some
sense,
say
Harry
now.
Why
are
we
making
such
a
big
deal
about
the
golf
course?
It's
not
Harry's
golf
course.
It's
the
communities
golf
course,
and
we
for
many
times.
We
always
complain
because
when
my
high
school
was
tore
down
my
high
school,
when
the
Junes
high
school
was
the
first
High
School
in
the
City
of
Minneapolis,
how
many
first
of
anything
is
tore
to
the
ground?
G
We
try
to
get
that
on
the
national
records
to
preserve
that
High
School,
but
the
park
board
and
the
other
I
mean
the
school
board
decided.
Logistically,
we
didn't
think
there
was
enough
population
to
support
that
high
school,
but
when
the
high
school
was
tore
down
two
years
later,
they
built
a
middle
school
and
named
it
after
Richard
Greene.
Now
that
was
great
naming
it
after
Richard
Greene.
But
my
my
question
was:
if
there
was
no
people
to
attend
the
high
school,
where
did
you
get
them
from
the
attended,
the
Middle
School?
G
G
If
you
look
at
those
yearbooks
from
the
last
104
years
of
that
high
school,
you
can
see
people
like
Eddie
Arnold,
James,
Arness,
Arlene,
Dow,
Frederick,
Adams,
Orville,
Freeman,
Mike
Freeman's,
dad
the
lady
that
played
Lois
Lane
from
Superman
ervic
sebarai
Halsey,
Hall,
France,
Jimmy,
Jam,
Lejeune,
Lane,
Gary
Hines.
The
list
goes
on
and
on
about
people
at
our
graduates
from
that
High
School,
Bobby
Lyle.
G
So
we're
saying,
if
you,
if
you
have
an
institution,
it's
not
just
a
school
Central
High
School
was
not
just
a
high
school.
It
was
an
Institute
of
learning,
culture,
exchange
and
integration
of
all
kinds
of
ideas.
We
had
the
first
black
man
appointed
to
the
Naval
Academy
by
Hubert
Humphrey
that
went
to
school
with
Junior
and
I
named
Emerson
Carr,
an
Emerson
Carr
got
appointed
by
the
Naval
Academy
in
our
graduation
class.
G
The
year
behind
us,
another
young
man
named
James,
Clark
who's
Judge
clock
who
just
retired
in
Saint
Paul,
was
appointed
to
the
Naval
Academy.
These
kind
of
stories
we
learned
over
and
over
again
in
our
community,
from
our
lay
people
from
our
from
our
parents
from
our
grandparents-
and
this
is
the
part
of
history
when
it
came
to
Hiawatha
Golf
course.
But
let
me
just
share
you
with
you
about
Hiawatha
Golf
Course
and
how
it
helped
integrate
golf.
G
If
any
of
you
know
a
lady
named
Shirley,
Hughes
who's,
quite
the
lady,
her
father's
name
was
Solomon,
Hughes
and
Lejeune
knows
who
he
is
or
was
Solomon
Hughes.
Probably
if
he'd
have
been
born,
a
Caucasian
man
could
have
been
on
the
PGA
tour
with
Jack
Nicholas
Arnold
Palmer,
the
greats.
He
was
that
good,
but
he
couldn't
get
a
car
to
play
in
the
PGA
golf
tournaments
because
he
was
an
African-American.
G
He
was
a
phenomenal
golfer
phenomenal.
He
was
playing
golf
in
his
40s
in
tournaments,
which
many
of
us
now
couldn't
even
keep
up
with.
So
we
decided
to
start
taking
the
African-American
contribution
of
golf
to
the
gulf.
I
mean
to
this
Park
Board,
commissioner,
tell
our
story
and
I'll
tell
you
very
briefly
about
golf
in
Hiawatha
in
1939,
A
Jim,
a
man
named
Jimmy
slimmons
here
who
was
quite
the
entrepreneur,
young
business
entrepreneur.
G
Man
had
a
dream
and
he
said
that
since
we
couldn't
play
in
white
golf
tournaments,
whether
it
was
for
the
benefit
of
cancer,
polio
diabetes,
he
was
going
to
start
saying:
okay,
we'll
have
our
own
tournament
and
we'll
have
it
either
Hiawatha
Golf,
Course
or
or
Theodore
worth,
and
he
named
the
gulp,
the
Negro
Open
golf
tournament.
Now,
in
those
days
that
word
was
acceptable,
so
he
started
that
1939.
He
got
contributions
from
all
the
businessmen
around
Minneapolis.
G
He
was
quite
the
salesman
and
he
started
that
tournament
and
he
used
Hiawatha
Golf
Course
as
the
launching
band,
because
it
was
right
dead
in
that
zip
code.
He
did
that
until
1954,
when
they
changed
it
to
the
bronze
tournament.
Now
yeah
I
think
many
of
you
here
have
heard
of
The
Bronze
tournament.
That
tournament
was
so
big.
It
used
to
be
a
week
long
we'd
get
people
for
as
far
as
Ohio
Nebraska
Iowa.
G
All
over
the
United
States
to
come
to
a
tournament
because
many
of
the
states
outlawed
African
Americans
to
play
in
white
tournaments.
So
we
were
the
standard
and
we
set
that
standard
now,
keep
in
mind,
even
though
we
had
tournaments
there,
we
would
put
up
tents
and
make
our
own
food
to
serve
the
golfers,
because
we
couldn't
use
the
clubhouse
now
think
about
that.
You
got
a
golf
tournament
at
a
golf
course
and
you're
eating
in
tents
and
other
places,
because
you
can't
use
the
facility
Well.
G
That
went
over
like
a
lead
balloon
and
that's
when
I
said
Hubert
Humphrey
said
enough
is
enough,
so
he
helped
desegregate
the
golf
courses
in
Minneapolis.
Now.
How
does
that
relate
to
us
today?
I'll
tell
you
one
last
secret
about
not
a
secret.
It's
it's
an
assumption,
but
I
kind
of
figured
it
out
real,
quick.
G
There
was
an
article
in
the
paper
that
the
DNR,
the
Department
of
Natural
Resources,
had
made
a
suggestion
that,
because
of
the
water
pumping
issues
and
Lake
Nokomis
and
Hiawatha
we're
always
going
to
drain
the
golf
course
that
they
suggested
they
be
in
the
DNR
that
they
close
Hiawatha.
That
was
told
us
by
the
park
board.
So
sometimes
you
got
to
be
careful
of
who
you
tell
people
and
maybe
you're
stretching
the
truth.
I
happen
to
know
the
commissioner
of
the
DNR
when
that
decision
was
made.
G
So
he
was
a
friend
of
mine
and
I
used
to
go
to
coffee
with
him
and
talk
about
Hiawatha,
Golf
Course,
so
I
called
him
one
day
and
I
said.
Let
me
ask
you
a
question,
commissioner:
does
the
DNR
suggest
to
cities
of
when
you
can
close
a
golf
course
and
open
up
a
golf
course
because
of
flooding
problems
said
no
I
said?
Well?
What
do
you
do?
G
He
said
Harry,
the
DNR
gives
people
permission
and
permits
to
pump
water
based
on
a
certificate
they
apply
for
if
they're
going
to
pump
a
million
dollar
million
gallons
of
water
out
of
Hiawatha
every
year.
We
give
them
a
certificate
and
we
say:
go
do
it
now.
If
you
want
to
pump
more
or
less
you
have
to
get
that
amended,
but
we
don't
tell
the
municipalities
where
they
can
close
golf
courses.
Where
did
you
get
that
from
I
said?
Well,
that's
what
the
park
board
said.
He
said.
Well,
that's
not
true.
G
I
said:
okay
can
I
use
that
can
I
email
you
use
that
easily.
Absolutely
you
can
use
it.
We
don't
tell
them
what
to
do.
We
work
with
them
so
see
when
when
it
comes
to
what
we
call
right-siding
the
inner
city
to
for
the
convenience
of
someone
else
who
does
that
usually
affect
it
affects
new
immigrants.
It
affects
people
of
color,
it
affects
people
that
have
not
the
resources
to
move
to
the
suburbs,
but
why
shouldn't
they
have
the
same
services
and
Recreation
that
everybody
else
said
well,
how
can
I
afford
golf?
G
So
when
you
see
me
hooping
and
while
yelling
and
jumping
up
and
down
about
the
golf
course
it's
beyond
that
now
it's
an
inner
city
institution
of
Excellence,
it's
an
institution
of
Education.
It's
an
Institute
of
access
to
a
sport
that
you
always
kept
out
of
and
there's
some
wonderful,
wonderful,
black
golfers
every
Tuesday.
We
have
a
league
at
Hiawatha,
every
Tuesday
at
10
o'clock,
and
we
call
it
the
old
negro
Golf
League.
G
Now
that
was
coined
way
back
in
the
50s
and
we
still
out
of
respect
to
Earl,
Bowman
and
Ted
cook
and
and
Donald
McMoRan,
and
we
kept
the
name.
There's
52
of
us
that
play
every
Tuesday
and
there's
about
32
that
are
active
members
and
we
have
everybody
from
the
first
black
pilot
of
the
Northwest
airline
named
Woody
Fountain,
to
judges,
to
Al
Nunes,
to
Alex
Rowell,
to
to
read
to
attorneys
to
school
teachers.
We
have
every
kind
of
African-American
man
from
about
50
years
old.
G
We
have
one
88
years
old,
named
Bob
Shelton,
who
shoots
his
agent
still
walks.
The
golf
course-
and
the
amazing
thing
is
when
we're
out
there
every
time
we
assemble
like
today
and
start
warming
up
the
plate,
people
will
walk
by
and
say.
Is
this
a
tournament?
What
are
you
what's
going
on
nothing's
going
on
we're
just
playing
golf,
because
the
recognition
of
golf
has
always
been
selected?
G
So
what
we're
saying
is
we're
not
doing
it
by
osmosis
we're
not
forcing
your
hand
we're
maintaining
what
we
need
for
our
community
to
help
our
children,
reach
goals
and
philosophies,
and
also
teachings
that
they
never
had
access
for
I'll.
Give
you
one
parallel
and
I'll
close
on
this
one
with
rt
Ryback
became
mayor
of
Minneapolis,
so
all
of
you
know
RT
he
was.
G
He
was
raised
around
us
and
his
dad
owned
a
drugstore
around
Franklin
Avenue
over
by
South
RT
was
a
jogger
and
a
bike
rider
and
if
you
know
over
the
years,
he
was
mayor
all
of
a
sudden,
these
bike
lanes
and
bike
paths
and
bike
places
and
bike
rental
places.
But
you
know
what
they
did
for
Portland
used
to
be
three
lanes
to
get
home
to
a
Southern
and
so
did
Park
Avenue.
G
If
you
notice
now
it's
down
to
two
lanes
and
guess
who's
got
that
third
lane
the
bike
paths
and
where
did
that
come
from
Mr
RT
Ryback,
because
he
was
a
biker.
So
now,
all
of
a
sudden
if
RT
can
influence
a
whole
community
and
I'm
not
saying
against
bike
riding
it's
great.
But
if
there's
a
will
there's
a
way.
So
you
know
what
I
said:
if
our
key
can
do
that,
I
can
do
that
if
he
can
make
this
city
access
to
bike
riders
to
be
safer
and
have
nice
paths
go
home
at
this.
G
At
the
sacrifice
of
us
losing
a
whole
Lane
of
our
freeways,
I
mean
of
our
streets,
then
why
can't
Harry,
Davis
and
a
group
of
people
go
to
the
park
but
say:
okay,
here's
here's
what
we
need
in
our
community
and
here's?
Why
we
need
it
and
here's
right?
If
you
don't
hear
us,
you
will
listen
because
we're
not
going
to
go
anywhere.
G
G
We
got
Jeff
Hayden
involved,
Peter
McLaughlin
from
and
and
representative
Torres
from
Richfield,
because
ritual
had
a
a
a
golf
course
called
Rich
acres
and
they
closed
it
down.
So
the
airport
could
expand.
Now,
that's
a
fact,
so
she
was
quite
sensitive
to
that
because
she
got
wiped
out
by
an
airport
commissioner.
G
So
we
got
them
involved
and
we
got
it
delayed
for
three
years
to
21..
Then
we
got
a
more
broader
base
of
people
involved
and
we
got
a
delayed
now
to
2025,
but
also
now
we
have
a
black
candidate
running
for
the
fifth
district
that
the
person
who
made
that
decision
to
close
Hiawatha
may
lose
her
spot.
G
So
what
I'm
saying
in
general
Hiawatha
was
a
golf
course,
but
keep
in
mind
it's
an
Institute
of
learning,
it's
an
inch
in
two
of
skills,
and
it's
also
it's
an
Institute
of
visibility,
because
golf
is
not
just
reserved
for
rich
people
that
have
access
to
them.
It's
reserved
for
all
of
us
and
many
times,
I
play
golf
with
suburbs,
all
over
the
Twin
Cities
and
the
first
time
I
walk
in
the
golf
course.
The
people
say
it's
their
tournament
here
today.
No
there's
no
tournament
here
today.
Well,
what
are
you
guys?
G
I
said
what
guys?
Oh
no
I
don't
mean
one
of
you
guys,
what's
going
on
nothing
we're
just
here
to
play
golf
because
subliminally
they
don't
believe
that
we
have
the
access
to
and
the
ability
to
play
that
game
at
that
level,
and
we
do.
There
are
a
few
golfers
in
my
group,
who've
been
given
opportunity.
You
would
be
seen
them
playing
on
television
but
the
times
the
money
and
the
opportunities
out
there.
But
I'll
tell
you
this.
G
G
It's
a
barbecue
place
in
Ted
cook
named
the
19th
hole
because
he
was
a
classic
golfer
and
golfer
has
only
eight
holes
in
his
19th
Hole
was
a
hole
to
get
to
the
barbecue
after
he
won
the
golf
tournament.
So
with
that
said,
I'd
be
open.
Any
questions
later
I
said
man
I'm
passionate
about
it,
I'm,
not
angry,
but
after
living
75
years,
like
I,
said
I've
seen
our
community
be
stomped
on
and
this
that
was
it
I've
seen
my
grade,
school
clothes
was
called
warranting
on
36th
and
Third
Avenue.
G
My
junior
high
became
Sabetha
Community
Center
that
was
Brian,
Junior
High
and
my
high
school
bit
the
Dust
and
tell
me
how
many
towns
that
the
very
first
Courthouse,
the
very
first
church,
the
various
curse,
High
School,
the
very
first
garage
or
the
very
first
airport,
was
torn
out.
They
still
have
City
Hall
down
there,
that
that
courthouse
is
old
as
Methuselah.
It
used
to
be
black
till
they
sandblasted
and
made
it
look
lighter.
G
They
would
never
tear
it
down,
because
it
was
the
first
courthouse
so
I'm
saying
when
all
of
our
first
got
tore
down
you're
not
going
to
take
Hiawatha
out
now
you
take
all
other
first,
that's
in
so
now
it's
not!
The
fight
is
on.
We've
won
that
first
battle.
Now
we
got
to
win
the
war,
so
we're
going
to
fight
very
hard
to
keep
that
open
and
if
any
of
you
have
questions
or
comments
or
want
to
have
suggestions
to
keep
us
cooking.
Just
let
me
know
thank
you
for
the
opportunity.
A
H
With
Mr
Davis
was
saying
absolutely
true:
I
grew
up
here
in
about
Minneapolis
outside
31st
and
Clinton.
All
my
schools
are
torn
down.
Clinton
Central
and
I
went
to
the
Bryant,
which
is
Sebastian,
but
you
know
I
just
want
to
let
everybody
know
that
I'm
running
for
a
Minneapolis
Park
board
at
large
as
well
and
from
what
everything
that
I'm
hearing
I
will
be
fighting
to
keep
Hiawatha
open
for
18
hours.
Thank
you.
H
H
So
I
ended
up
playing
down
at
McCray,
but
just
from
those
experiences
you
know
they
told
us
things
to
do
outside
of
just
the
athletic
field,
which
was
Hiawatha
Golf
course.
You
know
we
took
the
teams
over
there
sometimes
and
things
like
that.
So
it
was
a
program
where
they
allowed
us
to
venture
out,
and
then
you
know
to
take
up
other
things
and
then
just
like
you
said,
14
years
of
being
in
Youth
Sports
same
here
with
me,
I
mean
I
played
football
University
of
Nebraska.
H
A
I
G
There
any
other
yeah
we
have
another
candidate,
actually
named
Charles
Rogers
who
lives
in
the
community,
he's
actually
running
in
the
priest.
The
award
that
the
lady
who
made
suggestion
to
close
Hiawatha
Lejeune,
so
we're
going
to
stand
up
to
hit
with
him
right
away
and
push
his
at
Candace.
The
only
thing
I
see
if
you
don't
live
in
the
district,
you
can't
vote
be
willing
to
put
up
a
lawn
sign,
make
a
contribution,
make
a
phone
call
to
your
Park
board
or
email.
G
Your
part,
Find,
Out,
Who,
Your,
Park
Board
representative,
is
where
you
live.
Now,
if
you
don't
live
in
Minneapolis,
that's
still,
okay,
because
you
can
still
participate
with
talking
to
people
that
have
access
to
the
parkbook.
I
wrote,
The
Park
Board
several
times,
and
the
staff
outside
of
the
park
board
members
were
very,
very
receptive.
Just
a
quick
history.
We
also
had
a
young
lady
who
graduates
with
June
and
I
named
Rochelle
Berry.
G
She
was
actually
one
of
the
first
part
board
members,
along
with
a
man
named
ed
Solomon,
so
we've
had
representation
on
the
park
board,
but
there's
nine
members-
and
you
know
it's
hard
to
get
your
way.
So
what
we're
doing
is
try
to
balance
that.
So,
if
there's
nine
members,
if
we
can
get
an
at-large
member
our
way,
then
That
Swing
Vote
sometime
can
do
it
be
the
one
vote
like
we
got
the
vote
to
stop
them
from
closing
down
the
18
polls
by
one
vote:
a
Swing
Vote,
the
young
lady
of
African
American.
G
G
The
June
that
was
an
experience
you
know,
I
lived
on
36
in
Portland
and
most
of
my
partners
were
living
on
4th
Avenue,
Clinton
and
Fifth
Avenue.
We
all
kind
of
had
a
little
group
we
had
heard
Joe
Lewis
came
here
in
1957
as
a
golfer,
not
as
the
boxing
champion,
not
as
a
speaker.
He
could
really
play
golf.
So
Jimmy
slimmons
got
him
to
come
here
and
I
believe
that
year
the
golf
tournament
was
at
Theodore
worth
in
June
and
he
played
over
there.
G
But
you
know
we
didn't
have
access
to
the
course
that
was
another
side
of
town
now,
I,
don't
know
how
the
word
got
in
our
community.
The
word
can
get
out
quick.
We
found
out
us
little
youngsters
that
Joe
Lewis
was
going
to
come
to
Hiawatha
and
make
an
appearance.
We
didn't
know
what
he
was
going
to
do,
whether
he
was
going
to
swing
the
clubs
or
show
us
anything.
So
the
word
got
out
on
all
of
us.
11
year
olds
got
on
our
bicycles
and
took
off
to
Hiawatha
and
there
he
was.
G
It
was
a
word
of
mouth
and
he
talked
about
golf.
He
talked
to,
he
didn't
talk
too
much
about
boxing
because
he
had
retired
by
then,
but
he
stood
the
value
of
God
for
eye
hand,
coordination.
The
many
people
you'll
meet
different
places
you
can
play
and
we
were
all
so
impressed
that
a
heavyweight
champion
the
world
became
a
golfer.
That's
that's,
not
a
happy
marriage.
Most
the
time.
Muhammad
Ali
didn't
play
golfer,
Joe,
Frazier
or
George
Foreman,
you
know
or
Sugar
Ray
Robinson
was
golf.
G
It
was
Joe
Lewis,
so
Lejeune
that
got
us
interested
in
golf
by
a
man
talking
about
it
that
we
recognize
and
we
respected,
and
he
he
was
a
wonderful
golf
in
a
very
gentle
young
man.
I
mean
man
to
all
of
his
kids
and
we
had
a
ball.
That's
how
we
got
introduced
to
him
in
the
gulf
and
it's
a
and
one
real
quick
one
in
years
ago,
before
golf
carts,
he
used
to
carry
the
golfers
back.
G
If
you
guys
watch
golf
on
T,
you
see
the
caddy
carrying
the
guy's
bag
all
the
time
the
golfer
walking
down
the
course
okay.
Well,
in
those
days,
they
capped
caddies
and
they
had
a
Caddyshack
and
on
Saturday.
If
you
wanted
to
be
a
caddy,
you
get
over
to
the
Caddyshack
at
5,
30
or
6
o'clock
in
the
morning
and
stand
in
line
for
the
Academy
maps
to
say:
okay
little
boy
over
there
in
a
green
shirt,
do
you
want
to
carry
18
holes
enough
yeah
I
can
do
it.
G
So
all
of
us
little
kids
would
go
over
there
and
stand
in
line
to
get
picked
and
we
were
little
and
they
would
say
wow.
You
guys
are
too
small
to
carry
golf
clubs
to
poor,
caddy
and
we'd,
say
well,
who
told
you
that
are
you?
Do
you
know
what
I
can
do,
so
we
were
kind
of
challenging
them
then,
but
what
my
buddies
and
I
we
were
slick,
we
were
two
both
of
us
were
small,
but
what
we
did
legit
you
and
I
we
volunteered
we
carried
together.
G
You
and
I
you
carry
one
and
I
carry
the
other
hand,
so
the
guy
this
Academy.
What
are
you
two
kids
doing
carrying
here
in
the
golf
bag?
So
we
were
smart
and
said?
Well,
you
didn't
say
one
person,
I
didn't
care,
you
didn't
say
too
good,
so
we
got
our
way
and
we
kind
of
manipulated
the
system.
And
now
we
saw
these
famous
people
playing
golf
and
we
used
to
get
a
little
bit
of
money
because
they'd
give
you
50
cents
for
nine
holes.
G
We
get
a
dollar
or
two
dollars
and
we
thought
we
had
big
money,
but
these
guys
playing
golf
were
so
impressed
with
these
little
kids
carrying
a
bag.
They
used
to
give
us
tips
and
we
get
two
or
three
dollars
and
I
go
home.
With
my
tell
my
mother,
I
came
home
with
five
dollars.
One
day
she
said
you
didn't
get
that
five
dollar.
Where
did
you
get
find
that
at
I
said
no
I
was
carrying
this
man's
golf
bag?
So
we
learned
entrepreneurship.
G
We
were
aggressive
as
heck
and
we
didn't
take
no
for
an
answer,
because
when
the
man
told
us
we
tripped
him
up,
he
said
Lejeune.
You
and
Harry
can't
carry
those
bags
and
we
looked
and
said.
Well.
Why
not?
Did
you
ever
try
it?
Well,
he
looks
at
work.
Yeah:
okay,
when
you
guys
go
ahead
and
you're
not
gonna,
make
it
you're
too
small
you'll,
be
tired.
Well
guess
what
he
was
wrong
and
we
were
right
and
we
got
exposed
to
the
golf
on
that
end
of
it.
G
So
we've
got
an
explosive
golf
on
the
negative
side,
not
be
able
to
use
the
clubhouse,
but
the
positive
side
of
meeting
Joe
Lewis,
the
heavyweight
champion
of
the
world.
A
lot
of
people
never
met
and
also
manipulating
the
system.
Saying
who
told
you
I
couldn't
carry
the
back
for
nine
holes.
Did
you
say
that
or
does
their
rules
there
were
no
rules,
so
we
got
our
way.
G
Yes,
Lejeune.
That's
one
of
the
negotiations.
We
got
that's
in
black
and
white,
the
lady
who
here's
what
happened?
The
lady
who
I'm
not
mentioning
the
names
I,
don't
want
to
give
her
any
publicity,
the
lady
who
decided
to
try
to
close
Hiawatha.
She
came
up
with
a
with
a
scheme.
Well,
if
you
guys
keep
it
at
nine
holes,
we'll
name
the
clubhouse
Hester
Solomon,
Hughes,
Solomon,
Hughes
Clubhouse,
we
know
Solomon,
he
was
Clubhouse.
Ain't
got
to
do
whether
it's
18
holes
or
nine
holes.
G
What's
the
difference,
are
you
trying
to
throw
a
little
carrot
out
there
for
us?
So
that
is
an
official
document
now
that
when
the
clubhouse
is
they're
going
to
build
a
new
one,
regardless
of
whether
the
course
is
18
holes
or
nine
holes,
the
new
Clubhouse
will
be
named.
The
Solomon
Hughes
Clubhouse
and
that'll
happen,
probably
in
the
next
two
to
three
years.
A
Thank
you
very
much.
Thank
you
so
much
both
of
you
we'd
like
to
invite
all
of
you
now
to
participate
in
a
survey
in
which
would
like
to
learn
from
you
where
and
how
we
could
document
this
fascinating
stories,
and
tonight
we
had
again
an
example
of
so
much
that
we
don't
know
so.
The
first
question
and
the
survey
is
there.
The
first
question
is:
is
it
important
to
document
honor
and
preserve
these
events,
places
histories
and
you
have
a
choice
of
answering
yes
or
no.
A
G
G
A
J
Yes,
I
had
a
question
in
regards
to
the
information
that
was
just
shared
about
the
Hiawatha
Golf
Course
is
something
that
you
know
that
I,
you
know,
I
didn't
know
so
I
was
wondering.
Is
there
a
way
that
possibly
you
know
this
meeting
is
recorded,
that
maybe
it
could
be
posted
like
on
YouTube
or
something
like
that,
so
the
word
can
get
out
in
the
history
of
Hiawatha
can
get
you
know
out
to
the
community
to
know
you
know
how
you
know
deep
in
the
community
and
the
African-American
Community.
J
This
golf
course
goes
and
the
importance
of
it
that
you
know
was
just
mentioned.
I
think
that
is
something
that
we
have
to
figure
out
the
best
way
to
get
out
like
ASAP
and
continue
to
educate.
You
know
our
African-American
Community,
our
community
as
a
whole.
You
know
the
importance
of
preserving
the
Hiawatha,
Golf
Course
and,
and
just
like
the
gentleman
said
you
know
when
Tiger
Woods
came
I
took
I
actually
was
able
to
go
and
I
took
my
young
son
and
he
ended
up
playing
that
golf
in
high
school.
J
B
One
of
the
things
we
haven't
covered
tonight
that
Harry
Davis
has
been
receptive
to
is
considering
the
national
register
of
historic
places
for
Hiawatha
Golf
Course,
that
is
a
nomination
process
and,
as
Melanie
stated,
a
deep
knowledge
of
the
history
is
important
to
support
that
nomination.
So
there
are
many
reasons
that
the
community
needs
to
be
educated.
There
are
25
other
golf
courses
in
the
United
States
that
are
on
the
national
register
of
historic
places,
and
that
way
they
cannot
be
destroyed.
G
B
A
A
A
A
H
G
H
H
H
G
H
A
E
F
F
E
Live
out
there,
they
turn
on
the
lights
if
it's
2
A.M
and
they
pick
those
bees
or
they
pick
that
corn
I've
never
seen
anything
like
it.
My
dad
had
a
small
farm
and
we
grew
corn
weed
groupies
that
sort
of
thing,
so
we
had
80
acres
in
Iowa,
and
so
when
I
was
first
introduced
to
that,
I
knew
how
to
can
my
mother
can't,
of
course,
and
so
my
roommate
and
I
canned
stuff,
like
nobody's
business.
A
F
J
F
J
Know
we
were
mentioning
about
you
know
just
like
the
Hiawatha
golf
course
and
what
Miss
Vivian
was
discussing
about
you
know
the
youth
and
and
how
she
loves
the
youth
and
loves
these
things
and
I.
Think
that's
another
thing
that
our
youth
are
missing
out
on.
Is
you
know,
learning
these
skills
from
you
know
our
our
grown
grown-ups
and
people
that
have
these
skills
before
they're
lost.
J
J
You
know
our
youth,
these
type
of
skills
and
then
also
to
you
know,
for
you
know
our
our
elderly
and
and
people
who
you
know
most
of
them
that
still
have
these
skills
are
older,
so
they
can
teach
them,
and
then
that
way
you
know
that
can
give
programs
to
both
all
ages.
You
know
that
can
learn
from
each
other
and
bring
all
this
back
to
the
community.
I.
E
F
E
E
E
B
E
You
know,
speaking
of
a
fellow
sweetly
and
food,
we
had
a
lot
of
people
who
can't
move
Wheatley
did
these
kinds
of
things
you
know
taught
classes
and
how
to
bake
and
such
like
and
I
think
it's
I
think
it's
important
now
that
we've
been
through
The
Siege
with
covet
and
people
have
started.
Learning
these
crafts
against
bread,
making
and
and
so
forth,
for
kids
need
to
know
it
yet.
G
Vivian
one
of
the
things
they
had
at
Phyllis
Wheatley,
which
is
also
related
to
that
on
Saturdays
they'd,
have
Athletics
and
home
economics.
Yes,
it's
separated,
and
they
should
because
a
lot
of
mention
to
learn
how
to
cook
really
but
what
they
did
at
Phyllis
Wheatley.
If
you're
going
to
go
out
for
Sports
on
Saturday
morning,
if
you
were
a
young
young
man,
you
had
to
go
to
African-American.
G
We
had
a
whole
Library
there
and
we
saw
Benjamin
bannister
in
Booker,
T
Washington
and
George
Washington
Carver,
except
if
you
didn't
go,
you
couldn't
go
out
for
the
sports.
That
was
Earl
Bowman
and
my
dad's
plan
said
you
just
not
going
to
play
football
you're,
not
just
going
to
play
baseball,
run
tracks,
you're,
going
to
learn
about
Jesse,
Owens
and
Mack
Robinson,
Jackie
Robinson,
some
of
course
Walker
and
all
the
great
black
athletes
at
the
University
of
Minnesota,
which
we
never
knew
of.
G
But
they
were
back
in
the
1920s,
like
Bobby
Marshall
graduated
from
the
University
of
Minnesota
and
Central
High
School
in
1906,
as
one
of
the
first
African
Americans
to
play
football,
basketball
and
ice
hockey
at
the
University
of
Minnesota.
We
didn't
know
it
yes,
ma'am
so
Mr
Bowman
and
my
destiny,
you
kids,
that
are
going
out
for
football.
If
you're
going
to
be
down
here
at
10
o'clock
to
practice,
you're
going
to
be
at
nine
o'clock
in
in
the
library
to
study
and
read
some
books.
G
E
G
And
they
all
had
a
picture
of
Phyllis
Wheatley
when
you
walked
in
the
door
and
it
wasn't
just
a
name.
It
was
a
picture
of
her
and
who
she
was
and
a
little
dossier
history
of
her.
So
any
youngster,
you
know
I'm
gonna
go
play
football
Phyllis
Wheatley!
Well.
What
is
that?
What's
the
Phyllis
Wheatley,
then
they
all
knew
we
knew
we
were.
We
were
taught
to
them.
F
E
E
H
G
Was
our
biggest
challenge
with
teaching
kids
how
to
put
a
a
worm
on
a
hook
and
how
to
throw
a
sufficient
stuff
thrown
out
to
catch
fish
instead
of
throwing
the
whole
pole
in
the
water
because
they
literally
did
what
you
told
them,
they
said:
throw
them,
throw
the
throw
a
cast
out
there.
So
they'd
take
the
polar
coat
out
in
the
water.
He
said
no
you're,
not
listening.
G
I
Oh
yeah,
you
know
I
I,
just
love
hearing
this
history,
particularly
about
the
Minneapolis
metro
area
and
historically
black
institutions
in
Minnesota.
You
know
we,
we
grew
up
or
I
grew
up
on
48th
in
Portland
and
it
wasn't
until
I,
don't
know,
maybe
10
or
12
years
ago,
that
I
found
out
all
the
controversity
about
the
first
black
family
that
lived
south
of
38th
Street
I,
believe
it
was
over.
G
I
You
know
I
I
basically
lived
there
from
the
from
elementary
school
to
Junior,
High,
School
and
I
was
not
aware
of
all
the
history.
In
fact,
I
talked
to
Chucky
Mr,
Solomon's
son
and
Jeff
Robinson
Mr
Robinson's
son,
and
they
they
said
they
weren't
aware
about
it
either,
but
their
parents
knew
about
it.
F
I
E
B
I
G
You
well
one
just
to
add
to
that.
One
of
you
all
know
who
Bishop
Richard
Howe
is
Richard.
Howe
's
family
moved
over
in
Northeast
Minneapolis
when
he
was
in
junior
high
school
and
I,
don't
think
his
family
was
aware
or
how
sensitive
Northeast
Minneapolis
was
to
not
have
us
around,
and
he
tried
to
go
to
Northeast
Junior
High
and
was
harassed
so
much
and
ridiculed
that
his
family
pulled
him
out
of
there
and
put
him
in
private
school
because
Northeast
Minneapolis
was
not
legally
off,
it
was
just.
We
knew
it
was
off
limits.
G
But
she
also
told
me
if
you
ever
go
on
Google
search
search,
the
African-American
Yancey
family
of
Edina,
if
you've
heard
of
that
they
were
of
substantial
professional,
educated
teachers,
pharmacists
except
that
live
in
Edina
before
it
was
Edina
Morningside
and
they
are
quite
historically
in
fact,
they're
going
to
name
a
building
or
a
park
after
them
in
the
near
future.
Well,
this
is
their
contribution
to
Edina
Minnesota.
A
G
Absolutely
and
just
to
let
you
all
know
when
we
were
kids
when
we
play
against
Edina
in
sports,
we
knew
what
the
initials
were.
Edina
we
play
against
them.
We
said:
well,
you
you
guys,
aren't
the
Edina
Hornets
Edina
means
every
day,
I
need
attention
and
they
said
what
does
it
mean?
That's
what
that's,
what
it
means.
E
B
F
D
A
B
B
E
F
E
E
E
Well,
absolutely
you
know,
Harry
has
mentioned
a
severely
pertinent
things.
I
mean
you
know
it
never
is
too
late
or
too
early
for
kids
to
learn
things
like
financial
literacy
like
taking
care
of
yourself
and
where
you
live,
like
you
know,
getting
the
historical
stories
so
that
you
have
an
identity
in
them.
E
You
know
and
when
you're
talking
to
people
like
Harry,
for
example-
and
you
hear
this
story
about
how
far
their
family
goes
back,
you
know
that
helps
you
get
a
sense
that
black
people
are
rooted
here.
You
know
that
we've
had
a
presence
for
a
long
time
and
you
know
what
it
isn't
just
their
family,
but
we
share
it
together,
because
they've
been
very
generous
with
their
leadership
and
so
forth.
G
G
The
men
are
showing
up,
usually
the
first
few
years.
I
spoke
was
almost
all
women
yeah,
but
sure
you,
you
will
find
out
an
amazing
part
of
the
history.
If
you
open
up
for
questions
and
they'll
tell
you
about
their
families-
oh
they're
here
they
may
be
shut
in,
but
they're
not
shut
out.
They're
there
and
they're
sharp
as
heck
I,
agree
and
I
also
agree
with
what
you
said
about
settlement
houses.
There
are
various
similar
ones
in
Minneapolis.
G
One
is
the
circle
of
discipline,
which
was
down
on
12th,
Avenue
and
Lake
Street,
and
they
engage
in
discipline
hygiene.
They
have
sports,
but
it's
also
learning
and
it's
learning
what
we
call
after
school,
because
my
biggest
problem
with
the
school
system,
our
average
children,
are
only
in
school
five
to
six
hours
a
day.
Five
days
a
week,
there's
someplace
else,
8
17
to
16
on
hours
and
whether
on
supervision
or
not,
we
just
don't
know
the
schools
can't
do
it.
They
don't
have
them
long
enough.
G
They
don't
have
the
nurturing
form
and
and
I
always
tell
you
this
a
lot
of
times.
They
see
young
people
are
not
interested
in
art,
history,
that's
not
true
many
times
when
I've
made
speeches
and
mothers
and
brought
their
grandchildren
with
and
the
dads
because
they
want
their
kids
to
know.
Like
we
learned,
you
know
passing
the
word
around
us
and
listening
to
the
elders
so
they're
out
there,
you
just
got
to
seek
them
out,
and
your
kids
will
know
too.
B
Thank
you
very
much,
I
know.
Harry.
You
raised
a
point
about
the
freeway
35W.
We
also
had
the
Riverview
Supper
Club
taken
by
the
park
board
in
the
Park
Board
headquarters
is
now
where
the
Riverview
Supper
Club
was.
We
had
the
way
community
center
become
the
police
station.
It
was
torn
down,
and
so
there
have
been
a
lot
of
things
that
we
regard
that
have
been
taken
without
our
Community
input.
So
part
of
what
we're
doing
with
these
Community
engagements
is
asking
people
not
only
tonight
but
going
forward
into
the
future.
B
As
you
think
about
a
place,
that's
been
torn
down,
send
us
an
email,
so
we
can
remember
where
it
was
as
well
as
any
place
that
you
feel
is
in
danger
of
being
demolished
or
being
forgotten,
send
us
an
email
because
we're
trying
to
make
a
comprehensive
mapping
not
only
of
current
buildings
of
interest
and
in
importance,
but
also
document
the
past.
Our
community
has
not
been
studied
in
the
depth
that
other
communities
may
have
been
studied.
B
G
G
Vivian
I
remember:
we
used
to
go
upstairs
and
listen
to
the
people
rehearsed.
They
were
going
to
play
at
the
Orpheum
Theater,
you
know,
and
they
would
let
us
kids
listen
to.
We
saw
Duke
Ellington.
They
stayed
up
there
because
they
couldn't
stay
in
the
downtown
wholesale.
It
was
a
wonderful
Hotel,
they
didn't
know
at
the
top
of
Phillis
Wheaton
beautiful
rooms
up
there.
So.
E
G
Very
nice,
you
know
so
in
closing
too
I
would
like
to
say
that
our
history
is
there,
but
we
can't
wait
on
other
folk
to
get
it.
We
have
to
get
due
diligence
and
be
proactive
and
I
agree
with
you.
If
you
know
something
is
going
to
bite
the
dust
or
something's
going
to
happen,
Hiawatha
also
Engage
The
Total
Community,
the
people
that
were
homeowners
around
many
people
would
come
up
to
us
at
our
meetings
and
say
we're
so
happy
you're
fighting
for
Hiawatha
to
stay
open
because
we
didn't
know
how
to
do
it.
F
G
Just
don't
they
don't
have
the
political
wherewithal
or
they
don't
have
the
energy.
Whatever
reasons
they
don't.
Someone
needs
to
take
charge
to
save
our
history,
and
it
also
saves
the
community's
history,
which
is
not
all
African
Americans,
other
people
living
there.
They
want
to
save
it
too
right.
You.
G
It
was
on
Summit
Place,
but
I,
don't
know
if
Summit
Place
still
exists.
It
was
over
by
Munson.
Wear
grandmother
told
me
it
was
Summit
Place,
but
I,
don't
know
if
that's
something,
but
it
was
close.
You're
right.
The
gym
was
over
by
the
the
farmer's
market
off
of
where
the
freeway
goes
over
the
top.
Now
that
was
another
one
that
wiped
us
out.
G
G
G
E
F
G
F
B
D
B
G
No,
they
haven't,
in
fact,
when
you
called
me,
I
hadn't
really
thought
about
it,
but
then
I
said
that
that's
kind
of
neat
because
it
still
looks
nice
that
there
it
is
I
can
remember
that,
because
we
came
from
a
house,
didn't
have
grass
I
never
had
to
cut
the
lawn,
so
we
got
that
house
Dad.
The
first
thing
he
took
me
to
Syria
and
bought
a
lawnmower.
G
G
B
G
Absolutely
absolutely
in
fact,
Lejeune
in
the
group
Minneapolis
was
laid
out
many
years
ago
that
no
child's
house
would
be
more
than
one
mile
from
an
elementary
school.
That's
why
they
had
so
many
because
they
didn't
have
bussing
and
then
what
we
did
is
about
the
Lejeune
next
door
to
me.
I
picked
Lejeune
up
and
somebody
next
door
to
her.
By
the
time
we
got
to
school,
there
was
seven
or
eight
of
us
walking
to
school
together
and
all
the
parents
knew
where
we
were
and
what
we
were
doing.
G
B
Well,
I
want
to
close
out.
Thank
you
Antonia
for
hosting.
We
thank
the
audience
and,
of
course,
we
thank
Erie
and
Vivian
for
their
wonderful,
wonderful
history
and
we
thank
Rob
scalecki
from
the
City
of
Minneapolis
and
Aaron
k
for
her
participation
tonight.
Thank
you
all
and
thank
you
shonice.
Thank
you.
That'll.