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From YouTube: Youth Commission Meeting - 04/01/2020
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A
It's
there,
however,
we
don't
want
to
overwhelm
our
hospital.
So
if
you're
exhibiting
moderate
symptoms,
please
call
your
primary
care
physician.
First,
before
visiting
the
emergency
room,
las
robles
hospital
will
be
sponsoring
a
blood
drive.
That's
this
wednesday
and
thursday
at
2190
jans
road.
It
will
be
from
7am
to
9pm.
A
You
can
visit
bloodforlife.org
for
information
on
that
program.
Food
chair,
which
is
our
county
regional
food
bank,
will
be
delivering
food
to
residents
of
thousand
oaks
on
april
2nd.
You
can
visit
foodchair.com
covid19
for
information
on
that
program
as
well.
Naturally,
we
want
our
seniors
to
be
protected
during
this
tough
time.
Senior
concerns
is
doing
a
great
job
with
meals
on
wheels.
If
you
want
to
help
go
to
seniorconcerns.org,
where
you
can
donate
or
volunteer
your
time
to
make
these
deliveries.
A
Ladies
and
gentlemen,
the
city
is
running
well,
police
and
fire
are
there
for
your
protection.
We
have
a
virtual
library
at
your
disposal
and
you
may
notice
that
some
construction
projects
are
still
running
throughout
the
city.
If
you
do
have
any
concerns
or
you
need
our
help,
please
feel
free
to
call
us
at
any
time
we're
there.
For
you
and
in
the
meantime,
let's
exercise
our
civic
duty.
Let's
stay
apart,
let's
use
distancing
it's
the
only
way
to
stop
this
virus
we're
in
this
together.
C
Most
of
us
learned
at
an
early
age
how
an
apple
falling
from
a
tree
inspired
isaac
newton
to
describe
how
the
universe
behaves
by
certain
predictable
rules,
but
what
about
when
the
universe
doesn't
behave?
So,
predictably,
can
mathematics,
explain
the
often
unpredictable
behavior
of
the
physical
world,
everything
from
the
weather
to
the
way
a
baseball
travels
through
the
air.
D
C
The
philosophical
movement
that
arose
from
newton's
mathematical
concepts
came
to
be
called
determinism,
the
belief
that
future
events
are
necessitated
by
past
and
present
events
in
combination
with
the
laws
of
nature.
Now
some
scholars
even
took
this
one
step
further,
suggesting
that
once
the
initial
conditions
of
the
universe
were
set,
the
rest
of
history
was
inevitable.
C
In
other
words,
newton
showed
us
how
to
use
mathematics
to
predict
an
object's
motion
from
instant
to
instant,
given
such
quantities
as
acceleration,
mass
and
gravitational
pull
newton's
ideas
were
revolutionary,
an
entirely
new
way
of
thinking
about
the
universe.
After
all,
he
showed
us
how
we
can
use
the
mathematics
of
differential
equations
to
predict
the
future
differential
equations
as
a
mathematical
crystal
ball.
C
Let's
look
at
a
simple
example.
Suppose
we
have
an
object
x,
traveling
around
an
object
y
solely
under
the
influence
of
gravity.
Then
we
know
exactly
where
x
will
be
in
space
10
seconds
or
even
10.
000
years
from
now,
newton's
theory
efficiently
describe
the
interactions
of
what
we
would
call
a
two-body
system
answering
the
question:
what
occurs
when
the
forces
of
two
masses
affect
each
other.
C
Now
we
see
the
power
of
these
ideas
some
200
years
later,
with
the
advent
of
more
powerful
telescopes.
At
that
time,
astronomers
noticed
that
some
planets
were
not
following
the
perfect
newtonian
elliptical
orbits,
especially
the
planet
uranus.
So
they
theorized
that
its
orbit
must
have
been
upset
by
some
other
body
and
then
using
differential
calculus.
They
were
able
to
actually
calculate
the
orbit
of
an
unknown
orb.
The
mathematician
said
point
your
telescope
here
and
you
will
find
it,
and
so
in
1846
there
it
was.
C
The
late
19th
century
was
in
fact
alive
with
such
scientific
triumphs
and
royal
prizes
were
offered
for
solutions
to
the
most
challenging
mathematical
problems.
One
such
challenge
was
introduced
by
the
king
of
sweden
in
1888.
He
offered
a
prize
to
anyone
who
could
solve
the
so-called
three-body
problem.
In
layman's
terms,
the
king
asked
does
newton's
two-body
solution,
the
simple
elliptical
motions
of
a
single
planet
around
a
massive
sun.
Can
we
do
the
similar
prediction
for
more
than
two
bodies,
one
of
the
greatest
mathematicians
and
scientists
of
all
time
took
up
the
king's
challenge.
C
Jules
on
reponcarray,
now
poincare
tried
to
find
a
closed
form
solution
to
the
famous
problem,
using
those
differential
equations
again,
essentially
looking
for
a
formula
like
one
for
an
ellipse
to
describe
the
motion
of
several
planets
all
under
the
influence
of
gravity.
Although
poincare
didn't
succeed,
he
came
close
enough
that
the
king
awarded
him
the
prize
anyway,
because
his
explorations
have
made
a
significant
contribution
to
classical
mechanics
besides
adding
a
lot
of
mathematics.
C
Unable
to
solve
the
problem
as
it
was
originally
posed,
poincare
made
up
his
own.
Will
the
solar
system
always
stay
together,
or
will
it
fall
apart?
What
poincare
discovered
was
that
for
more
than
two
bodies,
certain
initial
conditions
could
lead
to
chaos.
You
see
with
two
bodies
and
newton's
equations.
C
Poncare's
discovery
was
astounding,
but
even
more
the
way
in
which
he
made
this
discovery
was
at
least
as
important
as
the
discovery
itself.
His
epiphany
was
that
the
system
of
equations
could
be
approached
visually
to
understand
what
poincare
did.
We
have
to
understand
a
bit
more
about
the
problem
in
classical
mechanics.
An
object's
position
is
recorded
using
its
location
in
three
dimensions.
The
so-called
x
y
and
z
coordinates
when
that
object
is
moving.
C
Its
velocity
along
each
of
these
axes
is
also
noted,
velocity
x,
velocity
y
and
velocity
z,
when
a
second
object
is
added
to
the
system.
Six
more
variables
must
now
be
calculated,
as
additional
objects
are
added.
Tracking.
All
of
the
variables
can
be
completely
unwieldy,
especially
if
the
calculations
are
difficult,
still
like
clockwork
just
a
lot
of
moving
parts.
What
mathematicians
call
a
deterministic
dynamical
system?
C
What
poncaree
saw
was
that
if
we
look
beyond
the
numbers
that
govern
the
orbits
of
the
planet,
we
would
find
that
the
entire
system
could
be
viewed
as
a
single
point.
Moving
through
a
multi-dimensional
space
of
very
high
dimension.
We
now
call
this
phase
space
and
what
the
picture
told
him
was
that
the
system
as
a
whole
would
behave
unpredictably
like
a
leaf
floating
down.
C
A
stream
ponca
ray's
revelations
put
a
crack
in
the
foundation
of
newton's
clockwork
universe
and
paved
the
way
to
a
theory
of
chaos,
but
no
one
would
really
explain
the
unpredictability
that
poncare's
calculations
hinted
at
until
midway
through
the
20th
century.
When
one
man
stumbled
on
an
explanation
while
using
computers
to
examine
a
problem,
much
more
complex
than
three
bodies.
Moving
through
phase
space
weather
patterns
on
the
planet
earth
at
mit
in
the
early
1960s,
dr
edward
lorenz,
built
a
simplified
mathematical
model
of
the
way
air
moves
in
the
earth's
atmosphere.
C
Working
with
a
12
variable
computerized
weather
model,
lorenz
repeated
a
calculation
involving
a
numerical
representation
of
a
slightly
shifting
wind
condition
to
save
computation
time.
He
began
the
simulation
in
the
middle
of
its
course,
but
entered
the
data
by
rounding
off
the
original
six
digit
variables
to
just
three
digits,
an
adjustment
of
just
one,
one
thousandth
from
the
original
setting.
But
to
his
surprise,
the
weather
that
the
computer
predicted
on
this
new
run
using
these
slightly
different
intermediate
values,
was
completely
different
than
his
earlier
simulations.
C
Lorenz
expected
that
the
minuscule
difference
would
have
practically
no
effect
by
iterating.
This
slightly
altered
calculation
lorenz
realized
that
minute
variations
in
the
initial
values
in
his
weather
model
could
result
in
widely
divergent
weather
patterns.
Remember
newton
showed
how
an
object's
motion
through
space
could
be
predicted
by
calculating
the
infinitesimal
changes
in
its
path.
C
C
The
resulting
graph
called
the
lorenz
attractor
is
in
fact
a
phase
space
representation
of
this
simplified
model
of
the
weather,
the
graph
similarity
to
the
shape
of
a
butterfly
caught
on.
As
a
way
to
illustrate
the
concept
of
sensitive
dependence,
so
it's
a
magical
coincidence
that
we
explain
this
by
sometimes
saying
that
a
butterfly
flapping,
its
wings
in
china
might
cause
an
infinitesimal
change
in
wind
current
that
could
lead
to
a
hurricane
in
florida.
Several
months
later,
the
butterfly
effect.
D
The
first
butterfly
of
the
season
kind
of
warms
your
heart,
don't
you
think
hey
did
I
ever
tell
you
about
how
chaos
theory
is
connected
to
heart
dynamics.
Think
it's
gonna
rain
feels
humid
all
right,
good
air
for
a
knuckle
ball.
It
wouldn't
have
anything
to
do
with
turbulence.
Would
it
well
a
ball
that
spins
say
a
fastball
of
throne?
Correct,
can
take
a
more
predictable
newtonian
path
as
it
moves
through
the
air,
but
a
ball
that
doesn't
spin.
Well,
that's
where
celestial
mechanics
meets
chaos.
Theory.
C
Baseball
and
mathematics,
two
great
american
pastimes
so
we're
here
today
with
steve
strogatz,
author
of
the
book,
non-linear
dynamics
and
chaos,
and
also
a
professor
of
theoretical
and
applied
mechanics
at
cornell
university
and
steve's,
going
to
help
us
make
sense
out
of
chaos
on
the
baseball
field.
Steve
ready,
hey.
F
You
know
your
friends,
pops
and
red
are
having
pretty
interesting
conversations
they're.
Quite
the
grizzled.
C
F
Philosophers
so
the
thing
about
a
knuckle
ball,
you
know,
is
that
the
the
pitcher
grips
it
with
two
fingers
in
this
flat
part
here
and
the
trick
is
to
throw
it
so
that
it
has
very
little
spin,
and
what
happens
then,
is
that
the
the
airflow
around
the
the
pitch
starts
to
create
vortices
little
whirlpools
of
air
behind
the
ball.
So
it's
actually
almost
pushing
the
ball.
Yeah.
F
I
mean
mainly,
the
ball
has
its
own
inertia
carrying
it
forward,
but
these
whirlpools
do,
if
they're,
in
the
wake
of
a
knuckle,
ball
sort
of
push
it
around
in
a
funny
and
unpredictable
way,
whereas
a
fastball
which
would
have
much
more
spin
has
a
much
more
predictable
wake
and
it
leads
to
a
pitch.
That's
more
predictable,
except,
of
course
it's
fast.
I
mean.
C
F
Right
and
so
the
the
chaotic
wake
behind
the
the
knuckle
ball
is
more
turbulent
and
it
makes
the
pitch
less
predictable
in
the
sense
that
the
next
time
the
pitcher
throws
it.
Even
if
he
just
changes
the
angle,
a
little
bit
of
release
or
the
speed
it'll
end
up.
Looking
like
a
totally
different
pitch.
F
C
F
The
idea-
and
so
what
we
want
to
try
to
understand
a
little
better
is:
how
is
it
that
something
that
starts
like
a
tiny
difference?
How
can
that
tiny,
those
tiny
differences
get
amplified
and
grow
and
grow
exponentially
fast,
leading
to
very
different
outcomes
right,
so
it
seems
like
one
way
that
we
might
want
to
look
at.
It
is
what
we're
showing
here
on
the
screen.
Now
we
could
take
a
look
at
just
doing
this
with
numbers.
Okay,
not
very.
F
F
We're
going
to
do,
and
so
then
we
would
get
the
number
6.32
right,
and
what
I
want
to
do
next
is
an
operation
that
a
mathematician
calls
mod
1,
which
means
just
drop
off
the
number
before
the
decimal
point.
So
6.32
would
then
become
just
0.32,
mod
1.,
okay.
Now
what
I
want
to
do
is
compare
that
to
what
would
have
happened
if
we
had
originally
started
with
0.633,
making
only
a
difference
in
the
1000th
place.
F
F
C
F
Yeah,
so
that's
the
thing
that
this
the
difference
between
these
two
outcomes
is
growing
by
a
factor
of
10..
It's
growing
exponentially
fast
as
we
go
forward
in
time
and
that's
what
happens
in
chaotic
systems,
but
you
might
think-
and
so
this
is
the
other
interesting
point
why
we
need
the
mod
that
the
error,
if
it
kept
growing
exponentially,
that
would
be
like
one
of
the
baseball
pitches
going
out
of
the
stadium.
That
doesn't
happen
here,
because
the
mod
keeps
things
bounded
to
always
always.
F
C
F
F
That's
right
and
and
the
way
that
mathematicians
use
chaos.
It
may
be
not
the
best
word
for
the
subject
in
a
way,
because
what
we
should
think
of
is
that
there's
a
whole
spectrum
of
disorder.
If
we
keep
sort
of
like
raising
the
heat.
Yes,
you
know
to
wilder
and
wilder
behavior,
then
you
would
start
to
see
something
like
turbulence
where
it's
complicated,
not
just
in
time
like
chaos,
but
also
in
space,
there's
a
counterpart
to
the
turbulence
that
that
arises
in
living
things.
F
It
would
really
be
a
matter
of
life
and
death,
which
is
complicated
behavior
in
your
own
heart
in
space
and
time
that
we
call
fibrillation
so
fibrillation.
F
A
kind
of
electrical
turbulence
instead
of
the
organized
rhythmic
flow
of
electricity
that
triggers
the
ventricles
to
beat
properly
in
sync,
you
you
find
that
you
start
to
get
a
something
like
electrical
vortices
electrical
whirlpools
on
the
heart,
causing
different
parts
to
beat
at
different
times.
You
get
uncoordinated,
beating
and
no
blood
gets
pumped
and
you're
when
people
die.
F
Suddenly,
in
you
know
a
matter
of
minutes
from
cardiac
arrest,
that's
what's
happening
at
the
electrical
level,
so
mathematicians
nowadays
are
just
starting
to
to
work
with
cardiologists
to
try
to
figure
out
this
most
deadly
arrhythmia
using
modern
day
versions
of
chaos.
Theory
the
the
cutting
edge
of
chaos.
I.
C
See
so
a
nice
I
mean
a
beautiful
and
important
intersection
of
mathematics
and
medicine.
Well,
steve
thanks
a
lot.
This
has
been
a
really
exciting
tour
of
chaos
and
all
sorts
of
different
venues,
and
I
appreciate
the
tour
sure
thanks
my
pleasure,
so
now
we're
going
to
look
a
little
bit
more
closely
at
the
use
of
chaos
in
cardiac
dynamics.
C
When
mathematicians
talk
about
chaos,
theory,
what
they're
talking
about
is
mild
wild
poised
between
metronome
regularity
and
the
craziness
of
turbulence.
Scientists
have
begun
to
explore
chaos
for
such
practical
applications
as
the
treatment
of
heart
disease.
Chaos
is
giving
us
a
lot
of
new
insight
into
heart
dynamics.
Helping
us
understand
the
arrhythmias
that
can,
in
the
worst
cases,
lead
to
sudden
cardiac
death.
More
than
300
000
people
in
the
united
states
die
of
cardiac
arrest
every
year.
Most
attacks
are
brought
about
by
an
abrupt
change
from
rhythmic
pumping
of
the
heart
muscle
to
spasm
convulsions.
C
Scientists
discovered
that
the
unstable
palpitations
known
as
cardiac
fibrillation
are
a
form
of
chaos.
Like
all
chaotic
occurrences,
it
isn't
completely
random.
The
heart
can
become
a
rhythmic
because
of
stress
and
injury,
or
some
abnormality
in
the
muscle
tissue.
The
electronic
impulses
of
the
heart
begin
rotating
in
a
kind
of
spiral
wave.
This
rotating
disturbance
can
travel
its
chaotic
impulses
circulating
through
the
heart
tissue.
It
may
also
break
up
into
a
small
number
of
added
spiral:
waves,
all
rotating
and
diverging,
causing
the
system
to
destabilize.
C
Beyond
heart
dynamics
and
computer
animation,
scientists
and
mathematicians
use
chaos
to
explore
evolutionary
biology
economics,
population
growth,
artificial
intelligence,
gaming
and
probability
even
making
more
efficient
fuel
injectors.
But
perhaps
one
of
the
most
interesting
explorations
is
one
that
takes
us
again
into
outer
space.
H
The
interplanetary
superhighways
is
a
network
of
ultra-low
energy
orbits
generated
by
the
five
lagrange
points
that
connect
the
entire
solar
system,
and
it
explains
how
things
can
move
back
and
forth
using
chaotic
dynamics.
I'm
martin
lowe.
I
work
as
a
mission
designer
and
designing
trajectories
for
space
missions
at
jpl.
H
The
very
specific
branch
of
mathematics
that
we
use
to
study
the
interplanetary
superhighway
is
called
dynamical
systems
theory.
It
gives
us
a
very
different
picture
of
the
solar
system
instead
of
just
isolated
planets
in
near
circular
orbits
around
the
sun.
This
interplanetary
super
highway
concept
says
that
all
the
planets,
the
moons,
the
asteroid
belts,
the
comets,
the
the
kyber
belt
they're
all
actually
dynamically
connected
and
linked.
H
Lagrange
points
are
what
I
call
the
seeds
of
the
interplanetary
superhighway.
There
are
locations
where
all
the
forces,
the
gravitational
forces,
are
balanced
for
the
rotational
forces
so
that,
if
you
put
a
particle
there,
it
would
just
remain
there.
But
if
you
just
have
the
slightest
motion
on
it
breathing
on
it
would
cause
it
to
drift
away.
H
H
Starting
from
the
these
lagrange
points
or
the
equilibrium
points,
they
generate
families
of
periodic
orbits,
so
these
are
orbits
that
close
on
themselves
and
they
surround
the
lagrange
points
and
they
get
bigger,
bigger
and
bigger.
And
what
happens
to
these?
These
are
very
special
types
of
periodic
orbits
that
are
very
sensitive
or
people
call
them
unstable,
but
the
sensitive
dependence
is
really
the
definition
of
chaos.
H
The
very
first
mission
that
used
this
type
of
very
sensitive
orbits
and
it
was
called
the
ic3
international
sun
earth
explorer
3,
was
launched
in
1978.
by
using
the
sensitive
dependence
on
on
slight
changes.
It
was
able
to
reorient
itself
move
away
from
the
l1
lagrange
point
and
actually
go
to
follow
to
study
the
a
comet,
and
so
it's
this
type
of
sensitivity
and
energy
savings
that
makes
these
orbits
very,
very
powerful.
H
H
What's
really
exciting,
for
me
is
that,
even
though
the
original
design
used
very
classical
theories
to
come
up
with
the
trajectory,
we
now
can
show
that
it's
actually
following
the
pathways
of
the
interplanetary
superhighway
in
terms
of
the
future
research
on
the
concept
of
the
interplanetary
superhighway.
There's
really
two
sides
from
scientific
point
of
view
by
understanding
these
pathways
and
mapping
them
out.
It'll
help
us
to
understand
how
solar
systems
form,
how
the
transport
of
material
that
builds
life
comes
to
the
earth
on.
H
A
second
vein
is
more
practical
for
humans
is
that
it
will
help
us
to
find
ways
to
fly
cheaply
from
a
to
b.
It
might
help
us
to
deflect
detect
and
even
perhaps,
capture
rogue
asteroids
that
might
otherwise
hit
the
earth.
D
You
see
that
why
do
you
mean
that
street
was
gone?
Yeah
dude
could
have
come
all
the
way
out
from
the
hyper
belt
caught
the
interplanetary
super
highway.
I
know
I
know
you
and
your
lagrange
tubes,
a
bunch
of
convoluted
mathematical,
mumbo
jumbo.
If
you
ask
me,
chaos
theory
give
me
all
isaac
newton
anytime,
you
know,
I
don't
think
the
weather
has
anything
to
do
with
clockwork.
G
D
Who
are
most
susceptible
to
this
virus?
A
question
I
often
get
asked
is:
why
should
young
people
care
about
the
spread
of
coronavirus?
Well,
we
know
that
people
with
underlying
medical
conditions
over
the
age
of
60
are
at
highest
risk,
but
they've
got
to
get
it
from
somebody.
Social
distancing
is
really
physical
separation
of
people.
It's
what
we
refer
to
when
we
ask
people
to
stay
at
least
six
feet
apart,
not
going
to
bars
not
going
to
restaurants,
not
going
to
theaters,
where
there
are
a
lot
of
people.
D
It
all
just
means
physical
separation,
so
that
you
have
a
space
between
you
and
others
who
might
actually
be
infected
or
affect
you.
We
all
have
a
role
to
play
in
preventing
person-to-person
spread
of
this
disease,
which
can
be
deadly
for
vulnerable
groups.
For
more
information
on
how
you
can
social
distance,
please
go
to
coronavirus.gov.
G
I
In
this
series
we've
seen
that
light
is
made
of
photons
of
differing
amounts
of
energy
in
workshop
3.
We
talked
about
visible
light
as
well
as
light,
that's
not
visible
to
us.
We
looked
at
how
we
detect
light
that
we
can't
see
like
radio
photons,
that
open
garage
doors
and
infrared
photons
that
we
feel
is
heat
on
our
skin,
and
I
talked
to
you
about
my
work
with
x-ray
telescopes.
J
Here's
my
poster-
and
it
shows
this
little
boy-
reading
a
book
and
he's
thinking
about
what
he
said
like
that
he
couldn't
see
without
light,
and
this
boy
is
trying
to
figure
out
a
math
problem
and
it
shows
him
looking
in
at
the
object
and
coming
back
into
his
brain
upside
down
and
then
come
in
projecting
out
again
upside
down
up
right
side
up
and
over
here
it
says
facts.
J
J
If
someone's
looking
at
you,
they
don't
see
scene
lines,
it's
invisible
and
I
said
they're
going
looking
at
the
car
and
I
wrote
same
lines
our
colored
light
that
we
can
see
right
away
and
in
the
air
there
are
colored
particles
that
help
us
see
the
light
in
color
and
it
helps
us
see,
because
if
we
don't
have
any
light,
then
we
couldn't
see
anything
and
a
lot
of
people
think
we
can
see
in
the
dark.
J
How
we
see
is
we
use
light
because
we
can't
see
without
light,
and
here
the
sun
is
reflecting
towards
the
eye
of
the
eye
and
the
eye
sees
by
looking
at
the
tree.
Then
inside
here
it's
upside
down
and
then
reflects
back
out,
and
you
see
it
right
side
up
and
down
here,
I'm
seeing
the
eye
seize
by
looking
at
the
train
with
help
by
the
sun
for
light.
This
is
the
sun,
and
these
are
light
rays.
The
light
rays
are
going
at
the
tree
and
then
the
light's
bouncing
off
the
tree.
J
It's
going
into
the
eye
like
this,
then
these
light
lines
cross,
making
the
tree
look
upside
down
down
at
the
back
of
the
eye,
which
is
called
the
antenna.
J
J
What
I
do
was
for
an
example:
I
drew
a
fish
for
the
picture
and
the
sun
is
reflecting
on
the
fish,
because
I
I
drew
a
little
key
here.
It's
like
this
is
kind
of
like
a
web
here
and
like
the
yellow
one.
The
yellow
one
means
means
sun
reflection
and
the
red
one
means
reflection,
reflection
to
the
eye.
That
means
the
reflection
is
going
into
the
eye.
I
I
wrote
suddenly
flush
sun
reflects
on
the
picture,
so
it's
reflecting
off
of
the
fish
and
it's
going
into
the
eye.
J
K
K
K
B
B
B
L
L
L
L
This
is
a
very
realistic
view
of
the
retina,
because
we
can
see
the
blood
vessels
which
resemble
the
branches
of
a
tree.
We
can
see
the
fovea,
which
is
the
place
on
the
retina,
where
we
have
the
sharpest
vision
notice.
There
are
no
blood
vessels
in
this
area
of
the
retina,
but
there
is
a
concentration
of
detectors
here
at
this
spot.
There
are
many
blood
vessels,
but
no
detectors,
that's
why
this
is
called
the
blind
spot.
I
L
L
L
L
It's
a
little
fuzzy
z,
k,
c,
z,
v.
M
Excellent,
we
did
that
as
a
test
of
your
ability
to
see
fine
details.
Okay,
now
I'm
going
to
check
your
eye
movements.
Do
you
see
the
little
letter
a
right
there?
Okay
and
just
follow
it
with
your
eyes,
keep
your
head
still
and
just
move
your
eyes.
We
need
to
move
our
eyes
because
that
area
of
the
retina
that
has
the
clearest
vision
is
only
a
very
small
part.
M
Okay,
I'd
like
you
to
look
at
the
distance,
please,
and
here
I'm
going
to
check
that
your
pupils
are
responding
properly
to
light
now.
The
reason
that
we
do,
that
is
to
check
that
the
pupils
constrict
and
dilate
properly
now
they
do
respond
to
light
to
control
the
amount
of
light
that
gets
into
the
eye.
But
that's
not
the
main
reason
why
they
work
the
pupils
control
the
depth
of
field
of
the
eye,
and
what
that
does
is
it
gives
you
a
range
of
clear
vision.
M
M
It
actually
changes
the
direction
of
the
light,
and
it
is
the
strongest
of
the
optical
components
within
the
eye
and
on
the
right
hand,
side
right
hand,
side
of
the
image.
We
see
the
right
part
of
the
curved
slit,
and
that
represents
the
front
surface
of
the
cornea
just
to
the
left
of
that
is
the
back
surface
of
the
cornea
and
that's
represented
by
that
second
curvature.
M
The
next
component,
then,
is
the
lens
and
the
lens
sits
behind
the
iris,
which
is
the
colored
part
of
the
eye.
That
also
makes
the
pupil
of
the
eye.
Now
the
lens
has
a
front
surface,
which
causes
light
to
change
direction
even
more,
and
it
also
has
a
back
surface
now
when
we
look
from
something
far
away
to
something
close
up.
The
lens
actually
changes
thickness.
So
the
focus
of
the
eye
changes
as
we
get
older,
the
lens
thickness
increases
and
we
lose
the
ability
to
change
the
shape
of
the
lens.
M
L
M
L
L
M
So
here
we're
looking
at
the
retina
and
I
can
actually
see
the
fovea,
which
is
the
area
of
the
clearest
vision,
and,
if
you
remember
before
from
when
we
tested
eye
movements
when
you're
doing
the
tracking,
that's
the
part
of
the
eye
that
you
have
to
move
around
to
be
able
to
see.
Clearly,
we
can
also
see
the
blood
vessels
and
those
blood
vessels
actually
lie.
On
top
of
the
photoreceptors.
L
L
L
L
It
has
literally
soaked
up
light
energy
and
converted
it
into
the
chemical
energy
and
the
electrical
energy
that
carry
the
message
to
the
brain
through
the
optic
nerve
in
the
human
eye.
The
thickness
of
the
flexible
lens
can
be
adjusted
to
focus
light
on
the
retina,
but
if
the
lens
can't
adjust
sufficiently
individuals
may
need
corrective
lenses
or
glasses.
L
L
L
K
K
K
K
K
J
I
I
M
Those
photoreceptors
that
we're
looking
at
they're
rods
and
cones
rods
give
us
our
nighttime
vision
so
that
we
can
see
in
low
light
levels,
but
it's
not
very
clear
vision,
also,
there's
only
one
type
of
rod.
So
the
only
information
that
we
get
is
about
brightness.
We
can
see
different
shades
of
light
and
dark,
but
we
cannot
distinguish
color
when
the
light
level
gets
bright
enough,
then
the
cones
start
to
work
and
when
the
cones
work
the
rods
shut
off.
You
know.
D
M
M
When
those
are
working
properly,
they
give
us
color
information,
the
ones
that
respond
mainly
to
the
low
energy
photons
seem
mostly
red,
but
they
do
respond
to
other
colors
as
well,
the
ones
that
have
the
peak
sensitivity
in
the
medium
energy
those
respond
mostly
to
green.
But
again
they
do
see
other
colors
as
well
and
then
the
spinal
curve,
where
they
respond
mostly
to
the
high
energy.
Those
have
the
peak
sensitivity
in
the
blue
region
of
the
spectrum,
but
as
with
the
others,
they
do
respond
to
all
colors.
L
M
M
M
I
Now
we
know
that
c
in
color
is
really
the
result
of
cones
receiving
energy
from
photons
with
different
energies.
Photons
themselves
have
no
color,
but
are
there
colors
that
are
easier
to
perceive
than
others?
Let's
see
if
we
can
find
out
in
this
demonstration,
we
place
three
colored
filters
on
three
desk:
lamps,
red,
green
and
blue.
I
I
K
The
brain
processes,
a
vast
amount
of
information
received
from
the
eyes,
but
during
this
processing
the
brain
groups,
the
information
it
receives
into
patterns
that
are
sometimes
incorrect.
The
result
is
an
optical
illusion.
Artists
have
made
use
of
the
visual
processing
capabilities
of
the
brain
in
their
work.
K
N
Boys
and
girls
remember
that
when
you
write
your
prediction,
it's
what
do
you
think
it
will
look
like
from
across
the
room?
What
color
will
you
see
from
across
the
room?
N
Your
prediction
was
correct
and
then
write
down
what
you
actually
saw:
okay,
while
you're
waiting
to
keep.
In
fact
for
you,
I
might
add,
a
couple
more
magenta
dots
in
the
middle,
because
that
might
give
you
a
different
color.
When
you
look
at
it
from
far
away,
you
might
want
a
few
inside
legends
yeah.
I
didn't
sit
for
a
few
minutes.
N
N
J
How
does
it
like
make
a
different,
color
marina
because
it
it
kind
of
blends
in
together,
and
so
you
see
it
right.
N
J
I'm
trying
to
get
the
color
brown
for
the
stem
and
I
use
red,
blue
and
green.
N
J
J
And
you
get
the
brown
for
the
purple,
you
put
you
put
purple.
J
J
J
J
I
need
a
flower
and
I
overlapped
most
of
the
dots
and
I
used
yellow
inside
for
the
leaves
and
magenta
and
yellow
for.
J
E
As
you
walk
around
the
zoo
and
those
of
us
who
take
care
of
the
critters
always
notice
eye
placements
critical,
this
is
an
example
of
a
prey
species.
What
it
every
animal
is
a
predator
is
is
predator
and
prey
in
some
form,
but
what
these
guys
prey
on
doesn't
move
it's
grass
and
and
foliage.
You
can
notice
that
their
eyes
are
on
this
side.
This
is
a
species
which
needs
great
peripheral
vision.
E
E
This
is
a
gorilla
skull
that
gives
you
an
example
of
of
eye
placement
very
similar
to
our
own
they're
in
front.
They
have
excellent
binocular
vision
so
that
if
they
are
climbing
from
branch
to
branch
or
jumping
from
branch
to
branch
and
they're
not
going
to
fall
off,
it
also
gives
them
the
the
ability
to
really
interpret
things
close
up.
E
This
is
an
example
of
a
predator.
This
is
a
lion
skull
and
you
can
see
the
way
that
the
eyes
are
placed
again
in
front
of
the
head.
They'll
have
great
binocular
vision,
great
depth
perception,
but
they
won't
have
as
wide
a
view
as
those
prey
items.
Their
eyes
are
placed
towards
the
front
of
their
head.
So
they'll
know
when
to
time
their
leap
onto
their
prey.
O
Chameleons
are
completely
diurnal.
That
means
they're
active
in
the
daytime
and
not
at
night,
and
also
color
is
very
important
to
them,
and
colors
are
something
that's
very
hard
to
pick
up
at
night,
so
their
their
vision
is
strictly
geared
towards
daytime,
seeing
full
color
these
two
large
domes
that
surround
the
eyes.
Those
actually
allow
that
the
animal
to
operate
its
eyes
independently
of
each
other
one.
D
Thelma
is
a
great
horned
owl.
A
great
horned
owl
is
a
bird
of
prey
and
being
a
bird
of
prey.
She
has
binocular
vision.
We
think
that
owls
are
more
or
less
colorblind.
Thelma
would
have
more
rods,
because
cones
are
the
things
that
help
us
perceive
color
and
since
thelma
is
active
at
night,
she
wouldn't
need
those.
In
fact,
thelma
could
see
by
the
light
of
just
one
candle
if
it
were
held
four
football
fields
away
on
a
totally
dark
night.
E
I
Today
we
looked
into
our
eyes
literally,
we
see,
because
light
is
reflected
from
objects
into
our
eyes,
the
optical
components
of
our
eyes,
refract
the
light
so
that
we
see
things
in
focus.
We
illustrated
how
detectors
in
our
retina
absorb
light,
which
allows
us
to
perceive
all
hues
of
color
as
well
as
black
and
white.
I
It
is
clear
that
our
eyes
detect
the
light
and,
in
conjunction
with
the
brain,
we
are
able
to
see
next
time,
we'll
look
at
how
plants
interact
with
light
see.
You
then
don't
forget
to
check
out
our
website
for
additional
information
activities
and
discussions
with
your
colleagues.
The
address
is
www.learner.org.
I
G
G
G
G
G
A
This
is
not
the
outcome
that
we
wanted.
Of
course.
However,
there
are
alternatives:
let's
walk
our
neighborhoods
instead,
but
please
distance
yourself
when
you
do
so.
There
are
82
confirmed
cases
here
in
ventura
county.
We
actually
have
two
at
university
village
right
here
in
thousand
oaks
and
I'm
sad
to
say
that
we
have
had
three
fatalities.
A
Los
robles
hospital
has
a
few
patients
there.
However,
we
don't
want
to
overwhelm
our
hospital.
So
if
you're
exhibiting
moderate
symptoms,
please
call
your
primary
care
physician.
First,
before
visiting
the
emergency
room,
las
robies
hospital
will
be
sponsoring
a
blood
drive.
That's
this
wednesday
and
thursday
at
2190
jans
road.
It
will
be
from
7am
to
9pm.
A
You
can
visit
bloodforlife.org
for
information
on
that
program.
Food
chair,
which
is
our
county
regional
food
bank,
will
be
delivering
food
to
residents
of
thousand
oaks
on
april
2nd.
You
can
visit
foodchair.com
covid19
for
information
on
that
program
as
well.
Naturally,
we
want
our
seniors
to
be
protected
during
this
tough
time.
Senior
concerns
is
doing
a
great
job
with
meals
on
wheels.
If
you
want
to
help
go
to
seniorconcerns.org,
where
you
can
donate
or
volunteer
your
time
to
make
these
deliveries.
A
A
P
Hi,
I'm
dr
jay
butler
deputy
director
for
infectious
diseases
at
cdc.
I'd
like
to
talk
to
you
about
the
new
virus
that
causes
the
disease.
Covid19,
older
adults
and
people
who
have
severe
chronic
medical
conditions
like
heart,
lung
or
kidney
disease
or
diabetes,
may
be
at
higher
risk
for
severe
illness
from
covid19.
P
P
Wash
your
hands,
often
with
soap
and
water,
for
at
least
20
seconds,
use
an
alcohol-based
hand
sanitizer
with
at
least
60
percent
alcohol.
If
soap
and
water
are
not
available
cover
your
coughs
or
sneezes
with
a
tissue
or
cough
or
sneeze
into
your
elbow,
not
your
hands
avoid
contact
with
people
who
are
sick,
clean
and
disinfect
surfaces
in
your
home,
such
as
counters
table,
tops
and
doorknobs
to
remove
germs,
use,
household
cleaning,
sprays
or
wipes
according
to
the
label
instructions.
P
The
next
thing
you
can
do
is
make
a
plan
for
what
to
do.
If
you
do
get
sick
know
who
will
take
care
of
you
if
your
caregiver
gets
sick
talk
to
your
health
care
provider,
about
getting
extra
necessary
medications
to
have
on
hand
get
enough
supplies
too,
including
enough
household
items
and
groceries?
So
you
can
stay
home
for
a
few
weeks.
P
If
you
develop
warning
signs
such
as
difficulty,
breathing
persistent
pain
or
pressure
in
your
chest,
confusion
or
blueness
of
the
lips
or
face
these
may
be
signs
of
serious
illness
call
9-1-1
for
more
information
and
the
latest
resources.
Please
visit
cdc.gov,
covid19
or
call
1
800
cdc
info.
That's.
Q
Q
We're
now
seeing
community
transmission
in
our
county
community
transmission
means
that
people
much
like
when
flu
is
transmitted
from
person
to
person
are
becoming
infected
and
it's
not
clear
where
or
who
the
infection
is
coming
from
covet
19
is
spreading.
We
first
saw
it
spread
across
china
and
then
across
the
rest
of
the
world.
Q
Q
Q
We're
hoping
that
we'll
start
to
see
a
decrease
in
about
six
to
eight
weeks,
we're
aiming
to
have
a
lower
bump
of
cases
rather
than
a
higher
peak.
This
expectation
is
based
on
watching
other
countries
and
how
the
covit
19
virus
responded
to
those
countries
similar
aggressive
measures
against
the
virus.
Q
Q
Q
Those
businesses
will
be
asking
some
of
their
employees
to
work
from
home,
working
from
home
distances,
people
from
others
and
opens
up
space
at
the
workplace
for
social
distancing
workplaces
will
be
maintaining
six
feet
between
employees.
All
aspects
of
agricultural
production
will
remain
open
as
well.
If
you're
sick
do
not
go
to
work
in
those
essential
jobs.