►
From YouTube: Webinar: CKA / CKAD
Description
Kubernetes is all around the world now and more companies start using it on a daily basis. After learning how to master the platform, many companies look into getting their engineers certified to either achieve Kubernetes Certified Service Provider status or verify knowledge of their workforce. Yet taking an examination can be scary, especially as the Kubernetes ones are not “simply” multiple choice. Let’s get rid of that uncertainty what is going to happen and share best practices for taking an exam like the CKA and CKAD with insights into the process.
Presenter:
Christian Jantz, Cloud Strategist @ Level 25
A
All
right
we're
gonna
go
ahead
and
get
started.
I'd
like
to
thank
your
friend
who's
joining
us
today.
Welcome
to
today's
CNC,
a
bobbin,
our
CK
and
CK
CK
ad,
and
carry
to
you
to
me.
Cargo
manager
at
Microsoft
and
CNC
up
ambassador
I'll
be
moderating
today's
webinar
and
we
like
to
welcome
our
presenter
today.
Chris
Jones
cloud
strategist
at
level
25
and
just
before
we
get
started
a
few
housekeeping
items
during
the
webinar.
You
are
not
able
to
talk
as
an
attendee.
There
is
a
Q&A
box
at
the
bottom
of
your
screen.
A
Please
fill
in
to
drop
in
your
questions
and
we'll
go
through
as
many
as
we
can.
This
is
an
official
webinar
of
the
C&C
F
and,
as
such
is
subject
to
the
CNCs
Code
of
Conduct.
Please
do
not
add
anything
to
the
chat
or
questions
that
would
be
in
violation
of
the
code
of
conduct.
Basically,
please
really
respectful
of
all
your
fellow
participants
and
presenters.
A
B
B
Also,
please
do
use
the
chat,
so
maybe
one
question
up
front:
do
you
plan
to
take
one
of
these
certifications
in
the
new
future,
or
is
it
really
something
about
your
teams
that
you're
interested
in
so
feel
free
to
put
that
into
the
chat
while
I
present
myself
a
little
bit?
My
name
is
Christian
John's
Oh
Jen's.
How
have
you
pronounced
that
it's
a
very
German
name
in
that
sense,
I'm,
a
CNC
F
ambassador
and
I
founded
my
own
consulting
company.
B
In
that
sense,
I
think
I
started
doing
that
in
2013,
I
did
the
cka
almost
three
years
ago,
I
redid,
it
like
I,
think
it
was
two
or
three
weeks
ago
to
really
get
a
feeling
for
the
new
version.
I
also
do
the
seeker
ad
for
awhile
now
in
the
kubernetes
project.
I
do
a
lot
in
k,
ops,
so
I'm,
one
of
the
main
tennis
I.
Also
did
contribute
to
dick
release
in
114.
Sadly,
my
t-shirt
is
in
laundry
right
now.
B
Otherwise,
I
would
have
warned
that
by
the
AIESEC
release
is
really
where
coming
from
next
to
cops
as
an
installer
for
kubernetes
and
also,
very
importantly,
I.
Do
hate
slides
a
lot
so
whenever
I
do
courses
or
consulting
it
starts
to
get
messy
in
terms
of
slides,
I
always
bring
a
pen
and
some
kind
of
tablet
to
actually
do
it
as
much
interactive
as
possible
and
as
fight
body
as
possible.
B
So
many
people
didn't
go
because
if
they
didn't
know
what
to
expect
so,
this
webinar
is
really
targeted
at
people
that
want
to
take
the
certification
and
also
to
take
it
away
a
little
bit
of
that
nervousness
because
if
you
don't
know
what
to
expect
in
a
sense
of
giving
as
much
information
as
possible
without
breaking
this
NDA.
So
this
is
really
why
I'm
doing
this
also
kubernetes
is
growing
very
fast.
B
If
I
just
look
into
you,
companies
in
Europe
in
Germany
I
think
you
could
just
go
to
any
one,
and
one
of
their
like
teams.
Departments
is
really
trying
to
evaluate
kubernetes,
also
looking
into
hardware
manufacturers.
So
many
of
these
are
really
looking
into.
How
can
we
implement
kubernetes
to
do
Internet
of
Things
I?
Think
most
of
the
hardware
manufacturing
companies
feed
big
players
like
Siemens,
big,
smaller,
more
niche
players?
B
All
of
them
try
to
evaluate
kubernetes
for
running
on
the
edge
for
giving
them
a
more
powerful
like
deployment
mechanisms
on
deployment
mechanism
on
the
edge,
without
actually
trying
or
needing
access
into
the
like
clients,
networks
and
all
of
that
stuff.
Also,
in
that
sense,
I
personally
took
the
CK
a
the
first
time
because
of
I
wanted
to
get
some
validation.
B
If
I
am
thinking
about
like
do
I
do
the
right
thing
did
I
understand,
kubernetes
the
right
way
or
did
I
just
make
up
my
mind
with
some
crazy
ideas
that
potentially
aren't
the
right
way.
You
should
do
it
so
I
wasn't
really
reading
the
certificate
or
the
documentation
all
the
day
and
I
really
wanted
to
figure
out.
Is
this
something
for
me
or
isn't
it
Vinay
in
terms
of
Java
developers
for
say,
ACK
ad?
This
is
essentially
the
second
part
of
the
presentation.
B
So
please
just
hang
with
me
yeah
for
me,
validation
was
a
big
point.
I
just
wanted
to
know
if
I'm
doing
the
right
thing,
also
because
of
if
I
fail,
I
can
get
a
second
retry.
So
even
if
I
didn't
succeed
in
the
first
time,
then
I
got
to
understand
the
system,
but
in
order
to
get
this
second
free
reach
right,
you
actually
have
to
do
it
once
first
also
many
clients
that
I've
been
talking
to
especially
building
managed
services
products
in
terms
of
kubernetes.
They
need
this
to
be
a
kubernetes
certified
service
provider.
B
So,
no
matter
if
you
live
and
breathe
kubernetes
all
day
long,
you
need
I
think
as
of
now
it
is
five
certified
people
to
get
that
status
within
CN
CF
to
really
boost
your
like
appreciation
and
recognition
and
marketing
in
terms
of
being
a
certified
community
service
provider
without
people
being
certified
as
certified,
kubernetes
administrator.
That's
simply
tough
for
you
all.
So
in
that
sense
again,
kubernetes
is
exploding,
be
it
your
future
job
or
be
it
you
growing
into
your
current
job.
B
It
is
really
getting
to
understand
the
ecosystem
getting
to
understand,
what's
currently
going
on
in
the
world,
really
establishing
some
knowledge
within
yourself.
So
in
that
sense,
first
of
all,
let
me
start
with
some
of
the
things
that
are
really
required.
So
if
you
don't
know
these
things,
you
should
probably
not
look
into
the
cka
all
the
CKD,
because
if
these
things
are
required
for
all
of
them,
first
of
all,
you
should
know
how
linux
works.
Descent
in
a
sense
of
you
potentially
want
to
create
a
file
on
a
Linux
system.
B
You
want
to
read
a
file
from
the
Linux
system.
You
potentially
also
want
to
delete
something
from
a
Linux
system.
You
need
to
know
how
a
basic
file
system
of
Linux
works.
If
you
have
never
touched
Linux
the
cka
and
the
CKD
will
be
very,
very
tough
for
you,
because
if
you
have
to
do
it
not
only
on
Linux,
but
what
you
will
get
is
a
vertical
emulation
of
one
too.
So
all
you
have
is
a
badass
terminal.
There
is
no
further
tools
installed,
except
the
ones
we
potentially
require
for
the
simplification.
B
So
you
really
need
to
get
your
way
around
Linux
terminals
around
the
how
to
operate
on
a
Linux
system.
That's
hugely
important!
You
can
reconfigure
the
entire
system,
it
is
in
a
browser,
but
it's
still
your
system.
So
if
you're
there
and
we
used,
for
example,
Google
cloud-
they
have
this
virtual
terminal
that
you
can
use
Azure,
that's
the
same.
I,
don't
know
about
AWS,
but
like
most
major
parts
of
this
terminal
emulation
where
you
just
can
put
in
stuff.
This
is
how
it
feels
on
the
exam
itself
as
well.
B
So
if
you
are
family
familiar
with
that,
you
will
be
fine
if
you
don't
know
how
to
use
like
a
computer
without
a
visual
UI,
you
should
probably
look
into
that
first.
Also
because
it's
a
boon
to
focusing
on
CentOS
is
good.
The
thing
is,
the
exam
will
be
on
a
bun
too
so
getting
familiar
with
some
of
the
concepts
and
basic
things
in
a
bun.
It's
always
a
good
idea.
B
Also
in
that
sense,
SSH,
no
matter
which
certification
you
take,
you
potentially
need
to
talk
to
kubernetes
clusters
and
well,
if
you
need
to
talk
to
clusters
in
a
sense
of
especially
looking
into
administration,
you
might
might
need
to
actually
change
something
on
the
nodes
or
at
least
check
something
on
the
nodes.
In
that
sense,
you
can
SSH
into
the
nodes,
but
you
need
to
know
how
to
actually
do
that
and
last
but
not
least
again,
this
is
a
virtual
terminal.
You
need
to
know
the
cube
control
commands.
B
B
So,
in
terms
of
having
to
do
this
in
a
more
interactive
way,
there
is
no
multiple
choice.
There
is
tasks
that
you
need
to
fulfill.
You
also
get
some
privileges,
so,
instead
of
just
being
entirely
locked
down
the
privileges
you
get
is
first
of
all,
you
can
do
this
at
home
wherever
you
are
I
have
done
this
CK
ad
in
a
hotel
room
that
works.
It
is
just
your
Chrome
browser
where
you
install
the
plug-in
and
then
you
need
to
share
your
screen,
but
it
doesn't
matter
where
you
are
in
the
world.
B
I
did
this
on
a
cell
phone
connection
using
regular
LTE
and
if
you
have
ever
been
in
Germany,
you
know
that's
not
very
good
internet
connection
that
totally
works
for
doing
the
certification.
It's
completely
fine,
it's
completely
interactive
and
also
for
me,
the
internet
connection
dropped
for,
like
I,
think,
half
a
minute
or
so
and
after
like
rechecking,
my
environment,
the
proctor
was
totally
fine
with
it
and
we
could
just
continue
in
the
exam
so
worst
case.
B
If
something
goes
wrong,
if
you
can
explain
what
happened
and
you
didn't
randomly
sit
in
another
room
with
other
like
windows
in
behind,
you
is
something
like
that.
That's
completely
fine
and
people
are
really
trying
to
help.
You
here
also
incentive
privileges.
You
get
an
open
book
policy
so,
instead
of
you
having
to
just
do
it
completely
by
yourself
having
to
keep
everything
in
mind
and
remembering
all
of
these
nitty-gritty
things
in
the
CK
a
and
CK
ad
you
get
the
public
kubernetes
iOS
a
documentation.
So
you
have
another
tab
in
your
browser.
B
You
just
open
a
second
window.
You
go
to
kubernetes
thought,
io,
/,
Docs
and
whatever
you
find
on
there
can
be
used.
So
if
you
know
how
to
navigate
kubernetes
thought
io4
with
slash
dogs,
that's
ideal,
because
if
this
is
the
entire
handbook
right
in
front
of
you
that
you
can
use
in
the
entire
exam.
So
even
if
you
don't
know
what
they
specifically
are
talking
about
question,
if
you
find
the
information
on
kubernetes
dot
io
using
the
search
provided
on
kubernetes
io,
you
can
really
research
new
things.
B
Without
ever
having
heard
of
it,
you
just
need
to
know
how
to
find
it
in
the
documentation.
You
don't
even
need
to
necessarily
know
the
specifics.
I
know
kubernetes
is
exploding
and
features,
but
if
you
know
how
to
find
new
features
on
the
website,
it's
good
enough
for
the
certification,
because
in
real
world
scenarios
even
at
work,
you
don't
need
to
know
everything
by
heart.
You
need
to
know
where
to
find.
It
same
applies
to
github.com.
B
So
if
you
are
better
at
reading
code,
I'm
not,
but
if
you
are
feel
free
to
look
into
the
source
code
on
github,
that's
also
available
to
you
and
last
but
not
least,
the
entire
kubernetes
top
io
blog,
where,
for
example,
the
release
team
and
TPR
teams
are
doing
amazing
work
and
publishing
tutorials
on
how
to
do
all
of
these
things
entirely
in
front
of
you.
Also.
Last
but
not
least,
again,
you
get
a
free
retry.
B
If
you
fail,
so
don't
worry
too
much
just
do
it
once
figure
out
how
the
system
works,
get
familiar
with
the
kind
of
questions
get
familiar
with,
potentially
even
some
of
the
questions
they
ask.
I
mean
there
is
a
multitude
of
them
and
they
rotate,
but
in
essence,
CN
CF
will
not
make
up
completely
new
questions
every
single
time
you
take
the
exam.
So
if
you
get
a
feeling
on
how
the
questions
are
structured,
you
get
a
feeling
for
the
entire
exam.
So
you
can
really
study
ahead
and
towards
this
specific
goal.
B
You
don't
need
to
have
a
Linux,
troubleshooting
or
administrative
background.
That's
totally!
Fine!
If
you
do
have
not,
you
just
need
to
get
your
way
around
a
Bosch
console
so
I've
seen
many
engineers
in,
for
example,
companies
that
just
use
regular,
you
could
say
Windows
clients
and
these
Windows
clients
are
totally
fine,
because
if
they
just
fertilize
one
two
on
top
of
it
use
the
UI
for
most
of
the
parts,
but
queue
control
is
still
in
a
terminal.
B
So
if
you
can
really
type
in
commands
in
a
terminal,
that's
usually
much
much
good
enough
for
the
set
for
the
certification,
so
in
terms
of
testing
environment
and
you
can
use
any
kubernetes
or
bio
pages.
That's
below
dimension,
URLs!
Yes,
so
in
terms
of
testing
environment
you
need
to
in
the
room,
so
they
will
scan
the
entire
room.
You
have
to
rotate
your
camera
in
360
degrees.
You
need
a
clean
test.
B
B
Also
in
terms
of
seeing
you,
they
need
to
be
a
source
of
light,
best-case
scenario
in
front
of
you
potentially
above
you,
but
definitely
not
behind
you,
because
if
there
shouldn't
be
shadows,
they
need
to
see
your
face
and
see
how
you
are
behaving
also,
in
that
sense,
a
stable
internet
connection
is
useful.
Last
but
not
least
in
terms
of
testing
environment,
they
are
very
strict
on
they
need
to
see.
B
Your
mouth
like
I
was
just
scratching
my
nose
in
the
exam
and,
like
all
of
a
sudden,
a
chat
window
popped
up
being
like
you're
not
allowed
to
cover
your
mouth,
because
if
I
could
be
speaking
to
someone
else
in
the
room
which
surprised
me
quite
a
lot
and
started
to
me
trying
to
scratch
my
nose
like
yeah,
with
one
finger
without
trying
to
hide
my
mouth.
It
was
new
for
me
too,
but
it
does
work.
B
B
Last
but
not
least,
no
cheat
sheets,
so
I
know
everyone
likes
to
get
something
documented
or
you
all
have
aliases
on
your
computers
who
you
use
bash
and
all
of
these
tools.
I'm.
Sorry,
you
can't
accept.
If
you
go
to
kubernetes,
thought,
I
owed,
search
for
cheat
sheet
and
he's
the
official
one
on
the
documentation.
That's
really
the
only
cheat
sheet.
You
can
really
use
again.
They
screen
your
entire
room,
so
you
can't
hide
something
under
your
desk.
That's
what
they
want
to
see.
B
This
is
where
you
see
the
question,
meaning
there
you
will
get
you
instructions
on
what
you
do
and
on
the
bottom
down
here
there
you
have
like
arrow
keys
to
go
back
and
forth
between
the
actual
physical
questions
that
they
want
to
ask
you
or
that
you're
tasked
with.
So
there
is
a
multitude
of
tasks
you
need
to
solve,
and
the
left
side
you
can
page
innate
through
the
questions
what
I
missed
personally
is
as
far
as
I'm
concerned.
B
There
is
no
not
an
easy
way
to
flag
questions,
so
you
can
still
flag
a
question
but
you
for
me.
What
was
missing
was
hey.
Here
is
a
list
of
all
the
things
you've
flagged,
so
remember
which
questions
you
weren't
able
to
answer
potentially
go
into
the
notepad
of
the
system,
which
is
available
to
you
and
put
in
the
identifier
of
the
thing
you're
trying
to
solve
and
on
the
right
side
of
the
screen.
This
is
a
very
consistent,
so
this
is
your
a
bun
workstation,
so
you
say
this
is
where
you
type
your
commands.
B
You
can
copy
and
paste
them
there.
So,
even
in
your
second
table,
if
you
just
or
tab,
if
you
just
copy
like,
manifests
and
stuff
like
that
from
the
kubernetes
documentation,
you
can
just
paste
it
in
there.
So
it's
completely
interact
if
you're
not
locked
into
you
having
to
retype
all
of
that
stuff.
It
is
completely
your
thing
as
like
as
a
terminal
and
compute
on
your
computer
would
be,
and
even
for
idiots
like
me,
I
typed,
in
exit
one
time
too
many
so
I
essentially
logged
out
of
the
testing
interface.
B
It
took
a
few
seconds,
but
it
reconnected
me
to
the
session
and
I
could
just
continue
on.
So
all
my
files
were
persisted
all
my
connections.
All
my
configuration
was
still
in
there.
So
I
could
really
just
proceed
with
the
exam
without
losing
anything
or
having
to
redo
anything
and
in
this
virtual
terminal.
What
you
can
do
is
you
can
interact
with
the
clusters
that
are
also
mentioned
in
the
handbook.
So,
as
like
you
can
read
in
the
handbook
from
the
certification,
you
will
get
a
multitude
of
clusters.
B
This
differs
if
you
do
a
cka
or
CKD,
but
you
will
get
access
to
a
certain
number
of
clusters
and
to
these
clusters.
First
of
all,
you
can
use
cube
control
to
actually
connect
to
them,
so
you
can
talk
to
all
of
them
using
cube
control.
Your
cube
config
is
pre-populated.
You
don't
need
to
worry
about
logging
into
the
clusters
usually
like.
If
the
question
doesn't
ask
you
to
do
anything,
special
queue
control
is
really
a
good
way.
Cube.
Control
is
configured
to
be
the
tool
of
choice.
B
To
talk
to
these
clusters
because
of
queue
control
is
the
original
tool
from
kubernetes.
This
is
how
you
interact
with
the
things,
but
you
can
also
SSH
to
the
nodes.
So,
if
you're
not
a
big
fan
of
queue
control,
but
would
rather
reconfigure
stuff
on
the
server
itself,
potentially
use
docker,
natively
I,
don't
know.
B
This
can
be
done
on
the
exam
as
well
again
cube
control
is
the
tool
to
talk
to
kubernetes,
usually,
but
if
you
really
don't
want
to
use
cube
control
or
need
some
other
things,
SSH
is
your
path
into
the
clusters,
in
the
sense
of
you
can
really
directly
access
the
notes
and
how
it
feels.
It's
really
just
a
cube,
control,
config
use
context,
and
this
is
how
you
switch
between
clusters.
So
really
don't
worry
about
needing
to
know
how
queue
config
is
structured
and
all
of
that
stuff.
B
You
should
know
how
that
works,
but
in
this
certification
it's
really
testing
on.
Can
you
operate
clusters
and
can
you
develop
for
clusters?
So
it's
not
about
configuring,
your
client.
In
that
sense,
it's
really
about
the
other
side.
So
cute
control,
config
use
context,
know
this
is
the
command
you
use.
This
will
also
be
shown
like
this
is
what
you
have
to
use
for
the
specific
cluster.
This
is
your
path
into
the
system,
and
this
is
all
it's
not.
B
That
scary
essentially-
and
here
comes
the
time
for
the
first
run
of
questions
and
my
wonderful
white.
What
skills
essentially
feel
free
to
ask
questions
related
to
the
exam
interface
itself?
So
this
will
be
all
that
I'm
talking
about
in
a
sense
of
this
is
how
it
feels
in
the
exam
and
in
the
next
part.
We
will
then
talk
about
how
to
actually
look
into
the
certifications
which
want
to
choose
and
how
to
prepare
questions.
B
A
A
Okay,
there,
if
you
let's
see
hi.
A
When
editing
the
Yama
file,
what
editor
can
you
use?
Can
we
do
at
install
some
better
from.
B
What
I've
scrolled
through
this
answers,
a
lot
of
the
questions
already,
you
can
install
anything
that
you
know
how
to
install
using
aptitude,
because
if
you
get
an
internet-connected
workstation
and
if
you
know
how
to
install
tools
that
usually
works,
fine,
so
I
personally
used
women.
Women
Nano
in
the
exam
both
of
them
are
potentially
pre-installed
if
I
remember
correctly,
I'm,
not
entirely
sure,
but
I
definitely
used
both
of
them.
So
you
can
use
them.
You
can
use
Nano
both
of
them
work.
Fine.
B
You
can't
use
pen
and
paper.
The
only
thing
you
can
use
is
on
the
like.
If
this
is
your
screen
on
the
upper
right
over
here,
let
me
make
this
in
green.
Potentially
here
you
have
a
button
that
says
notepad,
and
this
is
like
word
note
like
Microsoft
Notepad
or
a
Linux
like
gee,
edit
stuff,
like
that,
where
you
can
really
just
put
in
comments,
and
these
comments
will
be
like
stored
for
you,
you
can
reopen
and
close
that
all
the
time
it's
just
as
like,
as
in
physical
exams,
on
a
test
center.
B
B
B
A
B
In
terms
of
tabs,
let
me
answer
that:
first,
you
can
have
one
tab
open
like
the
only
thing
you
can
allow
to
have
open
is
one
tab
for
the
test
and
one
for
the
kubernetes
website.
Sometimes
this
happened
to
me
like
when
you
click
one
link
on
kubernetes
that
I,
oh,
it's
configured
to
open
up
in
a
new
window
and
not
in
the
same
tab.
So
if
that
opens
up-
and
you
almost
immediately
close
it
again-
that's
fine,
like
you
wouldn't
be
shamed
or
blamed
if
it's
just
like,
is
a
hyperlink
in
a
new
window.
B
What
they
told
me
was
you
have
two
options
like
first
of
all,
either
connect
the
screens
or
remove
them
from
the
desk
so
from
what
I
can
tell
in
terms
of
what
the
Proctor
set
is
if
it's
connected,
and
they
can
see
the
content
of
the
screen.
That
seems
to
be
ok
but
I
wouldn't
swear
to
god.
That
is
this
is
really
the
thing.
Because
of
this
is
just
what
I,
like
being
stressed
being
in
the
exam
for
the
first
time
myself.
This
is
what
I
think
I
heard.
B
So
what
they
will
do
is
they
will
ask
you,
for
example,
and
neck
showed.
The
currently
running
processes
lists
of
force
closed
is
what
they
will
check
and
all
of
the
other
things
also
again,
they
install
a
browser
extension
to
your
Chrome
browser,
which
is
I,
wouldn't
say,
not
remote,
controlled
by
the
test
system.
If
you
are
in
an
exam,
but
I
am
very
sure
these
systems
are
built
in
a
way
that
you
can't
use
Chrome
X.
B
They
are
programmed
that
you
can't
use
some
kind
of
Chrome
extensions
to
make
it
easier
for
you,
so
no
idea,
but
it's
prohibited
in
the
in
the
handbook
and
all
of
that
stuff.
So
I
think
these
system
will
automatically
like
shut
down
all
the
browser,
extensions
that
you
have
installed
once
the
exam
is
actually
starting
up.
B
You
can
go
back
and
forth
all
the
time
like
the
thing.
Is
you
configure
clusters
in
kubernetes?
The
task
is
to
solve
problems
in
these
clusters,
but
in,
like
you,
can
change
things
in
a
completely
messed
up.
Order,
like
the
questions
are
not
really
related
to
each
other.
Potentially,
it's
really
one
task
for
one
domain
of
the
exam
and
each
question
is
rated
separately.
Because
of
this
is
not
do
something,
and
if
you
didn't
do
it
correctly,
like
everything
else
breaks
and
you
can't
pass
the
exam,
this
is
really
trying
to
show.
B
Do
you
have
a
broad
knowledge
of
the
domain?
So
do
you
know
anything,
that's
required,
meaning
in
that
sense
yeah.
Essentially,
the
questions
are
usually
not
like.
They
are
related
to
each
other
in
terms
of
different
or
same
field
of
domain,
but
you
don't
to
do
the
first
one
to
even
be
able
to
answer
the
second
one.
B
So
it's
really
trying
to
make
it
easy
to
work
with
tools
that
are
essentially
not
trying
to
teach
you
commands
and
all
of
that
stuff
on
a
keyboard
that
you
need
to
remember,
but
VI
and
nano
is
probably
what's
installed
everything
else.
It's
like
I
just
see
the
last
comment
and
editors
like
G
edit
note,
because
of
it's
only
a
terminal
like
you
can't
run
terminals.
In
that
thing,
it's
really
all
in
your
browser.
B
Okay,
in
that
sense,
let's
continue
with
the
contents.
I've
tried
to
put
the
the
two
next
to
each
other
as
much
as
possible.
So
if
you
look
into
domain
for
the
application
developer,
it
is
really
focused
on
getting
stuff
in
the
cluster,
so
core
concepts
like
just
basic
kubernetes
domains
like
what
is
a
part.
What's
the
deployment?
What's
a
stateful
set,
eventually
what
how
to
get
volumes
into
the
system,
how
to
make
my
application
run
everything
except
building
your
own
docker
images
because
of
this
would
be
docker
certification
program.
B
B
Should
you
put
like
mount
def
random
in
your
condo
Java
container,
not
program
a
heap
size
for
your
container
or
eventually
should
you
do
actually
really
set
a
heap
size
and
stuff
like
that,
like
just
things?
What
is
clever
about
pot
design?
How
should
you
structure
your
deployments
in
kubernetes?
Also,
of
course,
in
a
sense,
is
the
pod
really
the
correct
way
of
abstraction?
B
For
this
really,
just
working
with
the
basic
premises
in
kubernetes
is
usually
what
the
application
developer
is
asking
you
to
do
so
you're
not
worrying
about
the
cluster
itself,
but
everything
that's
running
in
the
cluster.
So
as
soon
as
you
have
a
kubernetes
cluster
handed
to
you,
when
you
get
a
configuration
file
from
an
operator,
for
example,
you
use
any
kind
of
managed
kubernetes
or
you
use
wrench
a
kubernetes
engine
to
install
kubernetes,
and
now
you
need
to
deploy
something
in
that
cluster
see
kad.
B
So
the
application
developer
is
usually
the
exam
that
you
should
probably
look
into.
If
you
go
down
the
rabbit
hole
even
further
or
you
use
an
installer,
that's
running
on
premises,
the
administrator
is
usually
the
way
you
should
look
into.
Also,
the
administrators,
the
only
one
that
counts
towards
that
goal
of
five
certified
people
in
a
sense
of
being
eligible
for
the
kubernetes
certified
service
provider
program.
The
administrator
is
taking
the
same
things,
but
again
really
summing
it
up
as
concepts
in
that
sense.
B
So
most
of
the
things
that
are
just
not
on
the
right
side,
that's
90%,
core
concepts
in
kubernetes,
also
installation,
configuration
and
validation,
keep
in
mind.
This
example
is
about
the
kubernetes
project
itself.
So
it's
talking
about
tools
that
are
documented
and
explained
on
kubernetes
that
io
third-party
installers
that
are
not
on
kubernetes.
That
io
are
not
relevant
for
the
certification.
B
Because
of
this
is
not
a
vendor
certification
for
a
specific
kubernetes
engine,
but
for
kubernetes
you
could
say
off-the-shelf
so
know
how
to
work
with
the
tools
that
kubernetes
is
publishing
as
the
tools
to
use
and
like
operate
communities.
What
is
also
if
you
look
into
Zeke
release,
what
are
the
tools
that
kubernetes
is
releasing
themselves
using
their
release
cycles?
These
are
the
tools
that
are
potentially
interesting
to
you
for
the
administrator.
B
Because
of
this
is
what
the
kubernetes
project
is
really
publishing
application
lifecycle
management
plays
into
that
as
well,
so
how
to
remove
something
from
the
cluster?
How
to
add
something
from
the
cluster?
How
to
mutate
things
in
the
cluster
I,
wouldn't
say
you
need
to
be
an
expert
in
CI
CD,
but
you
should
know
concepts
of
actually
changing
things
during
the
lifecycle
of
a
pod
or
a
deployment
or
anything
else
in
your
cluster.
In
terms
of
networking,
know
the
different
network
plugins
but
again,
network
plugins,
are
usually
third
party.
B
Things
know
about
the
network
configurations
that
you
can
do
in
kubernetes,
coming
from
the
kubernetes
project
same
for
scheduling
you
most
definitely
don't
need
to
develop
your
own
scheduler,
but
you
should
know
how
scheduling
in
in
kubernetes
works
itself
security,
how
to
make
sure
that
certificates
match
and
all
of
that
stuff
really
anything
you
would
like
get
blamed
for
it
doesn't
work
by
a
security
official
itself,
plus
the
maintenance.
I
think
this
really
plays
along
with
installation
and
configuration
logging
and
monitoring.
Where
are
these
locks
stored?
Where
do
they
come
from
how
to
get
them?
B
How
to
get
them
from
containers,
but
again
this
is
cluster
administrator,
so
also
how
to
do
it
with
the
cluster
itself.
Last
but
not
least,
storage,
how
to
store
files,
how
to
share
files
and
different
things
in
the
cluster
and
last
but
not
least,
something
could
be
broken
at
some
point
in
time
like
if
I
remember
back
into
the
kubernetes
classes
that
we
operated
in
the
real
world
most
of
the
time
something
broke,
and
the
worst
thing
that
happened
to
me
was
one
guy
being
scared.
B
We
got
hacked
so
he's
just
started
randomly
deleting
stuff
from
the
kubernetes
control
plan
using
the
kubernetes
dashboard.
In
that
sense,
you
should
be
capable
of
recovering
from
that
situation
like
the
worst
thing
that
could
happen,
for
you
is
kubernetes
itself
not
running
anymore
because
of
someone
misconfigured
deleted
or
just
messed
with
the
control
plane
or
the
control
plane
just
doesn't
work.
The
control
plan
was
never
installed
all
of
these
things
like
no
the
control
plane.
B
If
you
look
into
the
kubernetes
certified
kubernetes
administrator
exam
and
that's
usually
all
it
takes,
and
also
the
decision
tree
in
taking
this.
So
really,
if
you
look
into
the
kubernetes
certified
service
provider
program,
you
have
to
go
with
the
seeker
air
route.
There
is
no
other
choice
and
then,
if
you
don't
want
to
take
these
like
certified
service
provider
program,
you
just
need
to
deploy
something.
But
you
want
to
verify
if
you're,
following
best
practices,
how
to
run
stuff,
the
right
way
then
use
the
application
developer.
That's
usually
good
enough.
B
Essentially
it's
not
a
question
wise
equivalent
with
more
tasks
to
solve,
but
usually
from
a
scope
of
like
priorities.
The
administrator
kind
of
includes
the
application
developer
simply
because
of
stuff
that
developers
broke
potentially
end
up
having
to
be
solved
by
the
administrator
in
a
sense.
So
yeah
application
developer
is
really
you
could
say,
the
the
smaller
brother
of
the
tool.
It's
also
younger
because
of
the
administrators
really
all-inclusive
in
what
you
can
potentially
do,
comparing
them
even
further
application
developer
takes
two
hours
and
it's
19
problems
that
you
have
to
solve.
B
B
So,
if
you
compare
the
number
of
tasks
you
have
to
solve,
it's
really
not
that
much
different,
even
though
you
got
sixty
minutes
more
time
in
that
regard.
So
for
me,
in
the
application,
developed
I
took
I
think
one
hour,
forty,
when
I
started
with
kubernetes,
which
was
like
ten
to
twenty
minutes
left
in
the
end,
the
administrator,
the
first
time
it
took
me
the
same
amount
of
time,
but
for
five
problems
more
because
of
I
was
also
working
with
the
administrative
part.
B
The
second
time
I
took
the
cka
like
two
weeks
ago,
if
you
get
used
to
kubernetes
and
do
it
hence
on
for
a
few
years
like
the
last
time
and
at
the
sea,
kaa
was
done
in
fifty
five
minutes,
which
can
also
be
done
in
that
regard.
So
don't
worry
too
much
about
time.
The
entire
certification
is
built
in
a
way
that
you
can
solve
everything
using
the
resources
provided.
So
if
you
know
your
way
around
kubernetes
thought
I.
Oh,
this
is
what
I
did
for
the
most
part.
B
B
This
is
why
time
is
the
real
limit
here
and
why
it's
so
hard
coded
and
strictly
enforced
to
study.
First
of
all,
create
clusters
again
use
the
tools
the
kubernetes
project
is
provided,
know
how
to
use
the
tool.
Because
of
this
is
the
only
tool.
Kubernetes
is
really
publishing.
Also,
as
of
today,
this
certification
is
running
on
kubernetes
version
1.18,
so
it
doesn't
matter
if
you
know
how
to
install
kubernetes
in
1.15
because
of
the
certification
is
testing
on
kubernetes
version.
1.18
also,
I
know
up
version.
B
1.9
19
is
already
in
alpha,
but
it
doesn't
matter
if
you
know
how
to
deploy
kubernetes
in
the
alpha
version.
Because
of
this
certification
is
on
118.
This
is
the
only
path
possible.
Also
in
that
sense
know
how
to
update
clusters.
Do
it
one
or
two
times,
maybe
install
it
in
an
old
version,
bring
it
to
the
new
version.
Try
to
downgrade
try
to
mess
with
it
really
just
get
a
demo
set
up,
get
some
virtual
machines
using
any
kind
of
virtualization
technology
like
a
vm
and
just
start
playing
with
it.
B
You
using
the
tools
that
is
uncle
Bonetti
style,
also,
in
that
sense,
using
troubleshooting
without
leaking
information
that
I'm
not
allowed
to
witness.
That
IO
is
having
a
great
like
documentation,
article
on
how
to
debug
clusters
that
go
through
the
entire
stack
of
kubernetes
and
where
to
check
if
something
is
broken
and
stuff
like
that
same
for
the
candidate
handbook
like
it
is
I
think
five
to
seven
pages
of
information.
B
What
are
you
allowed
to
do
during
the
exam
and
what
are
Angela
during
the
exam
and,
last
but
not
least,
on
CN
CF,
slash
curriculum
on
github,
it's
the
entire
curriculum,
essentially
what
I've
just
been
talking
about,
but
it
is
there
on
github
and
updated
every
single
time.
They
also
update
the
certification
exam,
also
keep
in
mind
in
a
sense
of
kubernetes
courses.
This
is
how
kubernetes
is
essentially
built,
so
you
have
an
API
server
and
couplet
is
talking
to
the
API
server.
This
is
a
regular
structure
of
kubernetes.
B
Whatever
course
you
take
no
matter
from
Linux
Foundation
or
not.
This
is
what
you
learn
so
keep
the
architecture
of
kubernetes
in
mind.
You
have
to
know
how
the
basics
of
the
architecture
work.
Even
if
you
go
in
the
application
developer
thing
like
you
really
have
to
keep
in
mind.
How
is
kubernetes
built
from
a
basic
architecture?
All
the
links
will
be
in
the
presentation
that
you
get
after
the
certification,
very,
very
important
parental
advisory.
B
B
If
you
do
it
differently,
because
of
this
certification
program
is
not
done
by
someone
else,
but
the
kubernetes
project
itself
and
think
about
next
project
itself
as
like
as
everyone,
usually
we
pride
ourselves
in
doing
it
the
way
we
regard
as
the
right
way
of
doing
something.
So
we
expect
you
to
do
it
that
way
that
we
envision
things
to
be
done
more
or
less.
B
Some
hex
you
potentially
have
to
create
some
manifests
exactly.
This
is
how
you
interact
with
kubernetes
and
I,
mean
I
personally
hate
doing
things
all
over
the
time,
but
also
I
don't
want
to
search
on
kubernetes
that
I
all
the
time.
So,
for
example,
dry
run.
As
of
now
I
learned,
you
have
to
run
equals
client.
Otherwise
you
get
an
error
on
the
newest
kubernetes
releases,
but
dry
run
and
oh
llamó
really
helps
in
generating
these
manifests,
so
that
you
don't
have
to
type
everything
by
yourself
all
the
time.
B
Also,
in
that
regard,
I,
don't
know
how
many
of
you
know
queue
control
explained,
but
instead
of
going
to
the
kubernetes
website
and
trying
to
click
through
the
reference
website,
you
can
dress,
run
queue,
control,
explain,
pod,
spec,
dot
containers
and
you
get
deep
tail
documentation
on
which
key
value
pairs
you
have
available
to
put
into
that
manifest.
So
you
don't
have
to
jump
back
and
forth
from
console
to
the
other
tab
to
actually
research
something
on
the
website.
You
can
really
all
do
it
in
the
console
because
of
queue.
B
Control
explained
allows
you
to
do
that.
Also,
get
is
great,
but
essentially,
if
you
try
to
debug
something
describe
is
the
human
readable
way
in
that
sense,
also,
like
the
certification
is
built
in
a
way
of
testing
on
time
and
being
able
to
solve
problems
in
a
timely
manner,
so
I
would
prefer
the
human
easy
way
to
solve
the
problems
instead
of
trying
to
do
it.
Machine
readable
humans
are
not
machines,
so
described
is
usually
a
better
way
of
trying
to
get
output
from
the
kubernetes
CLI.
B
In
that
sense,
also
very
important
be
positive
about
it,
like
this
certification
program
was
not
built
to
make
you
fail.
This
certification
program
was
built
to
get
as
many
people
certified
as
possible
to
spread
the
word
around
kubernetes
so
always
keep
that
in
the
back
of
your
head.
This
was
built
to
be
solvable.
B
If
you
just
gave
it
a
try
again,
if
you
fail,
you
get
a
free
retry,
so
there
is
no
loose.
There
is
just
win
or
win
again,
it's
doable
by
anyone.
If
you
have
enough
time
and
also
in
a
sense
of
how
complex
can
this
be
and
if
I
have
to
solve.
Problems
like
this
could
be
anything
in
the
end.
What
counts
is
if
this
problem
is
solved.
B
It
doesn't
matter
if
you
like,
write
telegrams
to
kubernetes
in
the
cluster
or,
if
you
do
it
and
tell
not
a
telnet
or
if
you
use
Q
control
or
anything
it
just
has
to
be
solved.
So
in
a
sense
it
is
automated
in
terms
of
validation.
It
takes
some
time
to
get
the
result,
but
CNC
have
prides
itself
with
this
certification
being
checked
by
an
automated
validation
engine.
So
there
is
no
person
saying
yeah.
B
This
could
be
solved,
but
I'm
not
entirely
sure,
but
there
is
a
machine
saying
yes,
this
problem
is
solved
or
this
problem
is
not
solved,
and
this
is
what
you
are
graded
on
again
call
kubernetes
I
can't
stress
this
enough.
Don't
rely
on,
for
example,
having
tools
like
cube
and
s
or
cube
context,
and
all
of
these
things,
like
extensions,
are
usually
not
installed,
so
really
focus
on
core
kubernetes.
This
is
what
this
is
all
about.
B
B
That
is
more
than
good
enough,
like
mastering
the
documentation
of
kubernetes,
even
in
Linux
Foundation
trainings
is
a
core
component
in
what
we
teach
so
take
that,
to
your
advantage,
know
way
around
the
documentation,
and
you
usually
good
last
but
not
least,
have
fun
the
more
you
stress
yourself,
the
more
errors
you
do.
Also,
in
my
perspective,
like
when
I
get
stuck
on
a
question,
I
start
to
overanalyze,
so
just
go
on
do
something
else.
B
Last
but
not
least
and
foremost,
you
can
learn
this
with
instructors
so,
for
example,
on
Linux
Foundation
training,
Tim,
Tsarevich,
authored
the
good
courses,
LFS
4
5
8,
which
is
kubernetes
administration
and
a
lefty
4
5
9,
which
is
the
developer
course,
which
is
also
completely
available
online
I.
Think
it's
starting
with
a
2,
but
the
last
two
numbers
are
essentially
the
same,
so
you
can
do
it.
Self-Paced
and
again
keep
in
mind
there
is
a
20
20,
promo
I
think
it's
30%
off.
B
If
you
go
to
Linux
Foundation
training
again
I
also
do
these
courses,
both
virtual
and
in
person
during
corona
times,
it's
more
virtual
than
in-person.
But
again,
please
also
feel
free
to
come
back
to
me
and
ask
any
other
questions.
But
last
but
not
least,
let's
answer
all
the
questions
that
are
open
in
terms
of
should
I
do
seek
a
a
or
should
I
do
seek
aade
and
all
of
that
stuff.
A
A
B
B
Think
it's
not
really
more
valuable.
It's
more!
It's
different
aspects!
So,
as
a
developer,
you
usually
don't
need
to
know
how
to
operate
a
cluster
and
on
the
other
side,
if
you're
an
administrator,
you
don't
need
to
know
the
nitty-gritty
details
on
how
this
one
flag
is
called
to
do
something
with
the
pod
and
all
of
that
stuff.
Simply
because
of
you
are
more
into
architecting
the
bigger
picture
of
the
cluster
itself,
so
it's
really
just
trying
to
each
fit
into
a
specific
niche
depending
on
what
you
do
as
a
Java
developer.
B
A
B
Go
for
novices
yeah,
yeah
I
think
it's
a
good
idea
to
look
into
like
really
get
a
feeling
for
the
documentation
and
then
I
think
the
best
path
is
really
just
do
it
once
because
of
then
you
get
a
feeling
for
it
again.
If
you
succeed
the
first
time.
Probably
it
was
just
easy
peasy,
but
if
you
don't,
you
learn
so
much
from
just
going
to
through
the
question
and
understanding.
What's
D
CK
a
and
CK
ad
is
testing
for
that.
B
You
can
then
very
specifically
focus
on
these
things,
and
then
you
get
another
year
to
take
another.
Try
at
it
or
get
it
retry,
which
is
completely
included
like
you,
don't
have
to
pay
for
it
it's
one
year
of
studying
and
then
you
can
do
it
again.
So
really
I
can
only
recommend
just
do
it
like
it's,
it's
more
scary
than
it
like.
It
sounds
more
scary
than
it
really
is,
but
if
you
have
done
it
once,
you
know
what
the
structure
is
like
I
can't
lick
any
of
the
questions
and
all
of
that
stuff.
B
B
Far
as
I
know
no,
but
there
is
like,
if
you
go
to
L
dot,
CN
CF
Todai.
Oh,
there
is
a
huge
like
landscape
of
things
you
can
look
into,
which
is
also
listing.
Some
like
study
yourself,
things
where
you
couldn't
potentially
get
a
sacrificial
plaster
and
then
run
commands
against
it,
which
also
visualizes
what
you've
just
done
and
stuff
like
that
really
I.
B
Think
the
best
way
to
study
for
both
of
the
exams
is
really
just
install
your
own
cluster
as
like
you
would
on
the
LFS
four
five,
eight,
so
the
Linux
Foundation
community
administrator
class
in
the
first
lab,
essentially
or
also
in
the
classes
you
can
get
elsewhere,
and
then
you
just
play
with
it
for
like
three
to
four
to
five
days,
so
really
just
mess
with
the
cluster.
It's
usually
the
best
way
to
actually
study
just
set
yourself
a
goal
and
then
go
through
with
it.
B
Because
of
this
is
really
what
the
entire
Sika
Sika
ad
is
about.
You
need
to
be
able
to
set
up
the
cluster,
then
go
through
with
it
and
up
until
you
don't
need
to
cluster
anymore
and
potentially
need
to
remove
everything
right.
So
this
is
how
typical
clusters
in
corporate
America
and
corporate
world
work
at
some
point
you
install
them.
Then
you
do
stuff
with
them
and
at
some
point
there
is
I,
don't
know
kupah
daddy's
too
little
and
you
have
to
reinstall
everything
from
scratch.
A
B
B
Okay,
you
did
operations
now
you're
a
DevOps
engineer,
so
for
you,
cka
is
probably
the
better
choice,
but
on
another
side
like
if
you
run
on
any
manage
kubernetes
service
offering
so,
for
example,
there
is
an
oval
cloud
or
there
is
climatic
which
you
can
install
in
your
systems
or
as
google
kubernetes
engine
there
is
a
jacuz
Bonetti
service.
There
is
elastic
kubernetes
service
by
AWS.
If
you
run
on
any
of
them,
you
really
don't
need
to
worry
about
operating
service
anymore.
Because
of
this
is
what
all
of
these
different
vendors
do
for
you.
B
So
you
shouldn't
really
be
all
that
interested
in
to
the
seeker
ad.
Simply
because
of
hey.
You
don't
need
to
do
that.
This
is
what
all
of
these
service
partners
do,
for
you
already
so
focus
on.
What's
important
for
you
really
developing
application,
so
there
are
seeker.
Ad
is
probably
the
way
easier
choice.
Essentially,.
A
B
Not
that
I
know
of
any
but
I
think
from
people
I've
talked
to
personally
it.
It
was
very
even
like,
like
I,
think
it's
really
a
bit
moved
in
that
sense
because
of
the
people.
I
talk
to
most
of
them
that
were
not
ready,
we're
the
ones
that
just
did
it
to
get
a
feeling
for
it
and
all
the
ones
that
are
regarded
as
dude.
You
should
just
do
it.
They
were
like.
B
B
You
can
go
back
and
forth
all
the
time,
so
maybe
screen
all
of
the
problems
first
and
then
you
can
really
pick
the
easy
ones
first,
and
so
you
can
like
get
more
slack
on
the
ones
you're
not
sure
about.
So
everyone
gets
stuck
at
one
like
there
is
always
something
you've
never
heard
about,
and
or
potentially
you
just
don't
understand,
the
wedding
right.
So
many
people
take
the
exam
that
are
not
native
English
speakers.
So
really
do
the
ones
that
just
speak
to
you.
First
again,
you
can
do
that.
B
A
B
Don't
know
so
what
you
see
is
the
current
question
is
coming
from
area,
let's
say
administration,
and
this
is
called
at
7%
for
the
exam.
So
you
get
a
feeling
of
a
if
I
get
all
of
the
administration
ones
right.
I
potentially
get
7%,
but
this
course
I
got
really
didn't
add
up
with
the
like
scores
of
the
exam,
essentially
so
like
getting.
B
A
I,
guess
ya,
can
it's
probably
you're,
probably
gonna
give
someone
answer
like?
Is
there
a
clear
passing
score
then
I.
A
A
B
There
are
a
lot
of
questions
also
in
that
sense,
if
you
want
to
leave,
feel
free
to
like
email,
if
you
have
any
more
questions,
also
on
the
kubernetes
Lex
I'm,
always
Kris,
say
at
100
or
on
Twitter.
So
if
you're
not
interested
in
the
questions
coming
up
anymore,
feel
free
to
like
reach
out.
Thank
you
so
much
for
coming
and
back
into
the
questions.
A
few.
B
Let's
say
I'm
not
saying
it's
turned
off,
but
I'm
also
not
saying
it's
turned
on,
but
auto-completion
is
a
feature
of
queue
control.
So
if
you
know
how
to
get
that
turned
on
it
doesn't
matter
if
it's
turned
on
or
not
so
just
really
know
how
to
use
queue,
control
all
of
the
features
in
cube
control
can
be
used.
So
if
you
know
how
to
activate
it
yourself,
you
can
definitely
use
it.
If
you
don't,
you
can
eventually
use
it
if
it's
turned
on
for
default.
A
B
What
you
get
as
resources,
so
I'm,
not
very
good
at
answering
questions
using
github,
essentially
I'm,
not
reading
through,
like
in
kubernetes,
so
much
code
is
generated.
I
am
not
reading
through
thousands
of
lines
of
generated
code
to
get
a
feeling
of
hey.
What
could
be
the
right
way
of
solving
this?
So
for
me,
kubernetes
thought
IO,
especially
using
the
reference
and
hook
and
also
using
queue
control
explained,
was
the
more
natural
way
of
solving
the
issues.
Because
of
this
is
how
I
could
most
specifically
look
into
what
I
was
trying
to
find.
B
Again,
the
entire
thing
is
solvable
only
using
kubernetes
dot
IO.
If
you
have
enough
time
so,
I
wouldn't
say
you
should
focus
on
just
copy
and
pasting
everything,
but
not
that
I
know
that
they
keep
count
of
how
much
security
coffee
so
I
mean
it.
Is
there
to
help
you?
There
is
no
limit
on.
Oh,
you
get
like
500
times
help,
and
then
you
have
to
do
it
by
yourself.