►
Description
e-NABLE, a worldwide volunteer group helps bring free prosthetics to people in need. However, the effectiveness of their prosthetic hands has never been systematically assessed. We tested the manual gross dexterity of the four most popular styles of e-NABLE hands, the Unlimbited Phoenix, Phoenix V2, Raptor Reloaded, and Osprey hands using the Box and Block Test (BBT). We found that the Raptor Reloaded hand performed significantly worse when compared to the Phoenix V2 and Unlimbited Phoenix hands. There was no statistically significant difference amongst the two Phoenix and Osprey hand designs. The results show that eNABLE devices still need improvements in order to compare favorably with some of the lower performing commercially available prosthetic hands. This work, therefore, establishes a quantitative baseline of performance of current e-NABLE designs and provides a clinically valid testing protocol for future assessment of 3D printed prosthetic devices.
Eric Bubar conducts research in using desktop 3D printing to create upper-limb assistive devices. Projects have included testing 3D printed prosthetics, creating low-cost mechanical prosthetics and designing custom devices using 3D scanning.
A
All
right,
so
what
I'm
talking
about
is
enable
everybody
familiar
with
the
enable
community
we'll
do
a
little
run-through
of
it.
Yeah
I
think
a
few
of
us
know
exactly
what
it
is.
So
what
I
did
is
I
tested
the
four
most
popular,
enable
designs,
risk-based
actuated
designs
and
I
found
a
clinically
validated
test,
so
something
the
prosthetist
would
use.
The
medical
providers
would
use
to
try
to
show
or
demonstrate
that
these
are
similar
to
medical
devices
or
maybe
not
similar
to
medical
devices.
A
We
wanted
to
see
so
a
little
bit
about
enable
this
is
my
and
some
stats
about
why
this
is
necessary.
So
this
is
World.
Health
Organization,
stats,
world
report
on
disability
in
2017
says
about
15%
of
the
global
population.
Have
disabilities?
That's
roughly
1
billion
people
worldwide,
United
Nations
Convention
on
the
Rights
of
persons
with
disabilities
recognizes
that
access
to
devices
to
help
these
people
is
a
fundamental
human
right.
So
we
need
to
get
them
these
devices.
How
do
we
do
that?
The
big
problem
right
now
is
only.
A
This
need
so,
even
if
everybody
became
a
process
or
occupational
therapist
or
physical
therapist
they're
still
not
going
to
meet
the
need.
That's
that
exists
out
there.
So
we
want
to
figure
out
is:
can
untrained
volunteers
bridge
this
gap?
Can
we
provide
them
with
the
training,
maybe
skills,
so
what
we
want
to
do
is
we
want
to
try
to
help
these
people
those
needing
access
to
these
devices
they're
often
stigmatized
and
shut
up
from
society.
A
A
Function
so
maker
skills
to
make
comfortable
and
functional
devices.
This
is
kind
of
our
big
question
and
this
is
where
enable
comes
along.
So
this
was
started
by
a
Gen,
oh
and
if
you
don't
know,
she's
in
the
room
sits
front
and
sensor.
So
we
have
her
to
thank
for
all
of
this,
enable
is
a
group
of
people
all
over
the
world
that
are
trying
to
use
digital
skills,
digital
tools
to
make
assistive
devices.
A
It's
not
just
hands
known
for
superhero
hands,
but
we
make
all
sorts
of
tools
and
who
are
enablers
engineers,
professors,
students,
artists,
designers,
teachers,
Boy,
Scouts,
Girl,
Scouts,
MDS,
prosthetist,
OTS,
PHP,
tease.
Anybody
you
can
imagine
can
be
an
enabler
anybody
can
participate
in
this.
That's
the
beauty
of
it
because
it's
all
open
source
and
everything
is
freely
available
for
anybody
to
use.
So
what
does
he
Nabal
do?
What
they
get
most
publicity
for
is
building
superhero
hands.
This
is
how
I
got
started.
A
A
So
I
did
once
I
started:
3d
printing
hands
students
all
wanted
to
work
in
my
lab,
so
I
went
from
about
one
or
two
students
per
semester
to
about
50,
so
I
get
lots
and
lots
of
students
that
really
want
to
do
this
work
enable
releases
all
of
their
open-source
designs
more
or
less.
We
iterate
to
improve
designs,
so
there
some
that
we've
retired,
because
we
figured
out
there
they're,
not
quite
as
good
as
the
newer
releases.
We
release
open
education,
materials
and
we
release
tasks
specific
devices.
A
So
if
you
want
to
get
involved,
these
are
the
main
websites.
I
think
that
we
can
use
to
get
involved
so
enabling
the
future
has
tons
of
useful
information.
The
enable
hub
is
how
the
community
communicates
with
itself
with
everybody
else,
go
ahead
and
join
their
join
up
in
the
forum
and
then
enable
alliance.
They
publish
educational
materials,
so
any
teacher
I
was
anticipating,
maybe
more
teachers
in
the
room,
but
we've
got
educational
kind
of
tests
that
teachers
can
do
as
well
full
lesson
plans
so
that
you
can.
A
You
can
test
these
devices
in
your
classrooms,
so
we've
got
lots
and
lots
of
different
devices,
so
these
are
all
ones
that
we've
printed
in
my
lab.
You
can
see
there's
a
very
wide
variety:
we've
got
hands
the
big
white
one
is
the
Raptor
hand,
that's
more
or
less
one
of
the
more
original
designs.
We've
got.
The
big
brown
one
is
the
Koala
arm.
We've
got
the
unlimited
arm
and
you
can
see
a
lot
of
this
designs
on
the
enable
table.
All
of
these
aren't
actually
enabled
designs.
You
see
the
black
hand.
A
That
is
a
flexible
hand,
design
made
by
a
group
called
open
bionics.
Does
anybody
know
who
open
bionics
is
so
they
are
a
group
that
does
they
have
actually
created
the
first
fda-approved
3d
printed
arm
that
works
with
myoelectric
s--
and
they
release
a
lot
of
their
plans
online
for
anybody
to
use
anybody
to
build.
A
So
why
do
we
have
all
these
different
designs?
Why
is
this
even
necessary
because
of
this
guy
who
I've
censored
for
all
the
kids
in
the
audience?
This
is
something
called
the
cortical
homunculus.
So
what
this
is
is
this
is
a
kind
of
representation
of
the
sensory
model
and
the
motor
model
of
the
human
body.
So
where
are
the
most
sensory
kind
of
nerves
and
where
are
the
most
motor
nerves?
And
if
you
look
at
that,
where
are
the
most
sensory
nerves
in
the
human
body?
Where
is
it?
A
Hence,
where
are
the
most
motors
pants,
so
these
hands
they're
very
freakin
complicated
to
make?
So
you
see
in
the
media
all
these
stories
about
making
this
bionic
arm
and
oh,
oh
all,
the
fingers
are
gonna
move
independently
and
it's
gonna
be
wonderful.
We
are
very
far
away
from
that.
That
is
not
easy
to
do
the
most
medically
advanced
prosthetics
in
the
world.
A
They
actually
make
one
of
them
just
down
the
road
from
where
I
live
at
Johns
Hopkins
the
it's
a
couple
million
dollars
of
research
that
goes
into
doing
that
the
arm
itself
is
several
hundred
thousand
dollars.
It's
been
also
integrated
into
the
guys
arm,
but
it's
only
for
one
person.
How
does
that
help
the
10
percent
of
1
billion
people,
90
%
of
1
billion
people
that
need
access,
so
the
fancy
stuff
hard
to
do
because
of
these
sensory
and
motor
models.
A
So
we
need
simpler
designs,
so
the
enable
devices
that's
what
they
are
they're
simpler
designs,
but
do
they
actually
work?
So
the
first
thought
is:
seek
user
input
right
we're
giving
these
away
we've
got
happened,
10,000
that
we've
given
away
roughly
all
right,
it's
it's
hard
to
track
them
all,
so
systematic
surveying
of
user
experiences
and
data
collection
on
device
and
usage
and
abandonment.
A
This
would
be
great
if
we
could
do
this,
but
it's
a
bit
like
herding
cats,
it's
difficult
to
get
this
information
from
everybody,
especially
when
we're
giving
these
to
people
in
low
resource
areas
that
might
get
them,
and
then
we
never
find
out
if
how
they're
using
them
there
is
work
to
continue
on
being
done
to
kind
of
figure
out
this
information,
but
that
doesn't
help
us
right
now.
We've
got
lots
of
enablers
over
10,000
that
all
want
projects
to
do
so.
A
What
can
they
do
after
they
print
these
hands
if
they
don't
have
somebody
to
give
them
to
that's
where
this
challenge
came
along
extremely
difficult
to
allow
thousands
of
random
volunteers
to
collect
systematic
data
from
from
their
users?
That's
really
hard
to
do
so.
What
we
did
is
I
tried
ask
these
questions:
how
can
volunteers
that
don't
have
recipients
test
these
devices,
so
somebody
that's
making
a
hand
and
I'm
not
going
to
give
this
to
anybody.
I
just
want
to
test
it
and
see
how
well
it
works.
A
So
I
don't
have
a
recipient,
but
I
can
still
make
some
contributions.
How
can
I
do
that
and
kind
of
make
that
test
clinically
assess
the
function
of
being
able
designs,
so
it
has
to
be
something
that
is
validated
that
the
medical
community
might
not
laugh
at
something
that's
easy
to
perform
and
something
that's
repeatable
by
anybody.
You
have
people
all
over
the
world
doing
this,
so
we
need
easy
tests
and
the
data
should
be
systematically
collected
and
shared.
So
I
looked
at
the
literature
and
found
a
whole
bunch
of
tests.
A
These
are
what
medical
providers
do
they
test
activities
of
daily
living
can
I
use
these
devices
for
personal
hygiene,
changing
clothes,
pushing
buttons,
zipping
up
a
zipper,
holding
utensils
cooking
any
of
those
activities.
So
that's
one
way
you
can
test
these
devices
testing
all
of
those
different
options.
There's
a
device
assessment,
assisting
hand
assessment,
the
eh-eh-eh,
the
studies.
Creators
actually
said:
don't
use
this
for
kids.
A
A
lot
of
these
hands
go
to
kids,
so
we
don't
want
to
use
that
the
prosthetics
upper
extremity
functional
index
to
poufy
targets,
users,
doing
tasks
in
completing
surveys
on
their
task
completion
experience,
and
then
we
have
able
hands.
Kids,
oh
that
sounds
great
simple,
well-documented
limited
resources
to
needed
to
do
them.
There's
a
problem
with
all
of
these.
Can
anybody
see
the
problem
with
all
of
these
I
want
somebody
that
that
is
making
this
device
and
not
actually
giving
it
to
somebody?
What
do
all
these
devices
require?
A
They
require
a
recipient.
They
require
you
to
be
giving
this
to
somebody
and
finding
out
what
that
recipient
thinks.
Okay,
we've
got
our
surveys
to
do
that,
and,
and
that's
that's
proving
to
be
difficult.
So
all
these
require
users
not
good
for
the
challenge
that
I
said
so
what
I
found
was
this
boxing
block
test?
This
is
a
test
done
to
assess
people
with
kind
of
weaker
grip
strength,
maybe
elderly
people,
maybe
with
people
that
have
had
strokes,
it's
published
in
1985
by
Matthew.
It's
it's.
It's
really
exactly
what
it
says.
A
You
take
a
big
box
and
you
take
a
bunch
of
little
blocks
and
you
have
this
box
that
separates
the
this
separator
that
separates
the
box
into
two
sections
and
you
pick
up
a
block
move
it
over
put
it
in
the
other
side,
pick
up
a
block
move
it
over
your
barrier,
put
in
to
the
other
side,
pick
up
a
block
move
it
over
put
it
on
the
other
side,
very
easy
test,
but
it's
been
used
to
assess
prosthetics,
so
our
test
hands.
We
have
at
the
time
that
we
did
this.
A
These
were
the
four
most
popular
and
hand
designs.
The
unlimited
Phoenix
has
a
3
pin
tensioner.
There
are
examples
of
that
on
the
enable
table
you
can
go.
Look
at
the
Captain
America
hand.
That's
a
three
pin
tensioner
the
Phoenix
version.
2
has
something
called
the
Whipple
tree.
We
can
discuss
more
about
that.
If
you
want
to
know
details
at
the
end
of
this,
we'll
have
plenty
of
time.
So
this
is
the
Phoenix
version.
A
A
Well,
we
need
a
way
for
people
to
actually
use
them,
so
we
created
an
emulator.
This
is
a
universal
I'm
later
you
can
take
it
off
one
hand
and
put
it
onto
another.
It
consists
of
a
little
bar
that
the
person
can
hold
when
they're
operating
the
hand,
and
then
it's
got
an
actual
wrist,
brace
ER
that
you
strap
on
to
your
wrist
and
then
you
can
hold
the
hand
and
I
can
operate
this
hand.
A
Even
though
I
have
fully
functional
fingers
right
so
now
we
don't
need
to
chop
the
fingers
off
of
our
testers
good.
We
don't
want
to
do
that.
Okay,
so
we
made
the
emulator
freely
available
on
Thingiverse.
You
can
go
download
it
once
Thingiverse
actually
starts
working
again.
The
methods.
How
do
we
do
this?
We
have
ten
right
right
hand,
man,
I,
say
right.
Anybody
seen
Hamilton,
it's
a
Hamilton,
joke
I,
guess,
there's
a
right
hand,
man
song
in
Hamilton,
I,
don't
know,
I
haven't
seen
it
either
it
popped
up
on
the
web.
A
Okay,
so
we
have
ten
right-handed
individuals,
eight
men
and
no
eight
women
and
two
men.
Each
individual
gets
a
short
practice
section
session,
so
they
get
60
seconds
to
about
10
seconds
to
practice,
moving
the
blocks
across
and
then
we
strap
a
hand
to
them,
and
we
see
how
many
blocks
they
can
move
in
a
minute.
That's
it!
That's
all
the
test
is
super
easy.
You
could
do
this
with
little
kids,
you
can
do
with
elementary
school
students
all
the
way
up
through
college
students.
A
Order
of
hands
that
you
give
them
is
chosen
using
a
random
number
generator
so
that
they
don't
get
to
practice
with
one
hand
and
then
get
really
good
by
the
end.
The
blast
hand
always
gives
a
better
score,
because
they've
figured
out
how
to
work
it
better.
Okay,
each
participant
performs
the
test
without
their
emulator
hand,
so
they
just
use
their
regular
hand
and
move
the
blocks,
and
then
they
perform
it
with
the
each
of
the
four
prosthetic
designs
it
takes
about
20-30
minutes.
A
Maybe-
and
this
is
what
we
get
so
hand
ordered
there's-
maybe
some
slight
indication
that
there's
a
positive
correlation,
you
can
see
first
hand
second
and
third
hand,
fourth,
hand
if
you
fit
a
line
to
the
kind
of
top
of
the
bar
graph.
It's
a
little
bit
positive.
So
maybe
they
move
slightly
more
blocks
with
the
last
hand.
In
the
first
hand,
we
need
more
data
to
tell
if
there's
anything,
actually
statistically
relevant
their
average
score
by
hand
type.
So
we
have
the
unlimited
Phoenix,
the
Phoenix
version,
the
Raptor
reloaded
and
the
Osprey.
A
A
Anybody
know
none
of
them
keep
them.
Well,
you
won't
offend
me,
keep
them
all
yeah.
So,
statistically
we
can
keep
all
those
statistically
they're
indistinguishable.
We
need
more
numbers,
we
need
better
statistics
to
actually
figure
out
if
that
holds
for
large
samples.
This
is
where
you
would
come
in,
and
teachers
would
come
in
to
actually
do
these
tests
in
their
classroom.
Okay
and
get
us
more
data,
more
data
we
can.
We
can
be
more
confident.
So,
let's
compare
this,
so
this
is
not
just
something
we
pulled
out
of
our
butts.
A
This
is
a
test
that
actually
exists
in
the
literature,
so
the
FDA
has
used
this
to
test
prosthetic
hands,
so
you
can
see
on
the
right
hand,
side
there's
the
box
of
block
test,
there's
their
emulator
testing
a
prosthetic
hand
it's
commercially
available
prosthetic.
There
is
the
co-author
of
this,
who
I
forced
to
go
to
a
different
talk
during
this
time,
so
he's
over
there
there
he
is
actually
applying
showing
our
data,
so
we
have
the
Phoenix
version,
two,
the
Phoenix
unlimited,
the
osprey
and
the
Raptor
reloaded.
A
Those
are
the
average
number
of
blocks
that
you
would
move
in.
A
minute,
and
then
we
can
compare
that
to
commercial
devices,
so
something
you
buy
from
a
prostitute.
The
Hosmer
hook
is
the
I
believe
it's
the
most
popular
prosthetic
in
the
world
that
moves
about
30
blocks.
In
a
minute,
the
TRS
grip,
2's
hook
moves
22
blocks
the
auto
back
hand,
moves
17
blocks,
so
actually
our
hands.
That's
not
too
bad.
That's
pretty
comparable
to
the
worst-performing
commercial
hand,
but
still
commercial
hand
commercial
hand
you're
going
to
spend
hundreds
of
dollars.
A
Ours,
you're
gonna
not
spend
a
thing
okay,
so
these
do
compare
favor
to
leave
favorably
to
commercial
options
that
that's
one
of
our
big
findings.
I
think
that's
pretty
cool
to
see.
So
the
results,
the
Raptor
reloaded
is
statistically
worse
than
performance.
It
should
be
retired
or
chosen
only
if
you're
really
interested
in
aesthetics.
If
you
like
the
looks
of
it
perfect,
a
lot
of
users.
Anecdotally,
don't
use
these
a
lot
for
function,
they
use
it
for
the
look.
A
So
if
you
like,
the
look
of
it
for
use
it,
okay,
other
designs
are
all
statistically
the
same,
so
it
doesn't
really
matter
which
one
you
choose
choose,
the
one
that
you
think
looks
best
looks
coolest
Joseph's
design
should
be
really
aesthetic
in
nature.
Designs
are
comparable
to
lowest-performing
commercial
devices,
and
we
just
need
more
data
to
really
get
more
information
out
and
we
need
to
apply
testing
to
the
style
of
devices
that
are
more
like
the
commercial
ones.
So
something
like
this
design
is
called
the
to
tree.
We
need
to
test
this
one.
A
This
one
can
move
blocks,
probably
a
good
bit
quicker,
okay
and
we
need
to
test
something
called
the
gripper
thumb
terminal
device.
So
that's
one,
the
that's
this
design
right
here,
I've
hooked
this
on
up
to
a
motor.
You
can
read
about
it
in
a
poster
outside,
but
this
works.
Similarly,
so
you
would
use
a
Bowden
cable
system,
something
to
actually
actuate
it.
Maybe
you
bend
your
elbow,
and
that
makes
the
thumb
open.
A
This
works
much
more
like
the
commercial
devices,
so
we
need
to
test
these
two
as
well
and
figure
out
how
these
compare
I
suspect
that
these
will
compare
much
much
more
favorably
to
the
commercially
available
devices.
So
if
you
want
to
do
this,
if
you
want
to
contribute,
there's
a
link
here
to
the
spreadsheet
that
will
let
us
collect
all
the
data
or
a
QR
code
that
you
can
just
scan
and
get
access
to
the
spreadsheet.
A
We
can
show
you
what
it
looks
like
it's
all
up
and
ready
available
for
everybody
to
put
in
your
data.
So
we
got
age
and
gender.
Those
are
kind
of
useful
demographic
kind
of
information
to
know,
and
then
we've
got
the
hands.
These
are
the
most
popular.
We
can
always
add
more
contact
info.
If
you
want
that
and
any
comments
that
any
tester
would
have
just
toss
your
data
in
there
when
you
do
it,
if
you
have
any
questions
happy
to
answer
anything,
you
want
to
know
yeah.
B
A
Are
as
many
designs
almost
as
there
are
enablers
to
get
the
single
individual
finger
motions,
you
really
need
a
mechanical
device,
so
we
have
groups
that
are
working
on
that
I.
Think
one
of
the
big
groups
that's
made
the
biggest
strides,
enable
Medellin
actually
just
released
the
second
version
of
their
Milo
electric
design,
which
gives
you
individual
finger,
motions,
actually
I.
Believe
it's
it's
three
fingers
linked.
A
A
That's
what
a
commercial
device
weighs
it's
actually
about
0.75
pounds
on
this
end
and
about
0.75
on
the
back
end,
and
even
this
is
a
little
bit
too
heavy
still
so
when
you
start
putting
more
motors
in
and
motors
that,
actually
have
good
strength
and
good
grasping
ability
that
increases
the
weight
too
much
to
make
it
actually
useful
and
the
battery
life
is
horribly
difficult.
So
this
one
lasts
about
well,
it's
been
running
today
in
yesterday
and
I
haven't
had
to
charge
it.
A
It
can
be
charged
very
easily
you
just
plug
it
in
with
rechargeable
batteries.
It
lasts
usually
about
three
or
four
days
before
we
have
to
charge
it,
but
yeah
the
better
batteries
we
really
need,
and
the
really
big
challenge
is
enable
as
all
volunteers.
We
do
this
all
for
free,
so
to
build
something,
that's
really
really
lightweight
and
really
functional
and
really
cheap.
You
kind
of
can't
get
all
of
those
you
need
to
you
kind
of
can
pick
two
so.
A
A
Indies,
so
if
a
recipient
we're
using
them,
then
what
you
do.
Is
you
strap
this?
So
you
imagine
they
need
a
wrist,
so
they
need
some
movement
on
their
wrist,
so
they
can
bend.
Imagine
I
don't
have
fingers.
We
have
little
plates
that
you
can
screw
across
here.
Instead
of
a
little
handle,
you
strap
their
their
wrists,
their
forearm
into
this
with
Velcro
and
then
their
wrist
pushes
against
this
little
window
and
it'll
close
and
then
open.
A
So,
if
they've
lost,
if
they
have
a
wrist,
we
can
make
them
one
of
these.
If
they
have
a
residual
limb,
usually
about
one
to
two,
probably
one
to
two
inches,
you
need
really
to
get
enough
leverage.
We
can
shift
this
wrist
mechanism
to
the
elbow,
so
it's
an
elbow
actuated
arm.
So
when
you
bend
your
elbow
that
closes
the
fingers,
you
can
see
all
these
designs
at
the
enable
table.
They
have
versions.
A
There
is
a
new
shoulder,
actuated
design,
that's
out
as
well,
for
if
you've
lost
your
whole
arm
and
that's
I
think
it's
only
I
think
it's
been
tested
on
one
person
so
far,
but
yeah
yeah,
so
we're
working
on
those
two
there's
a
lot
of
work
to
make
these
all
modular
as
well,
so
different
pieces
plug
and
play
nicely
with
other
pieces
and
it's
all
open
source.
So
just
go
online.
You
can
download
anything
yeah.
A
The
hooks,
so
that
is
the
entire
concept
behind
this,
so
it
works
in
functions
and
should
function
and
provide
the
same
functionality
as
the
Hosmer
hook,
but
it
looks
like
a
hand.
So
the
difficulty
with
the
hook
is
a
lot
of
our
recipients
that
really
need
these
in
the
developing
world.
They
need
something
that
looks
aesthetic
so.
A
Yeah
and
I
think
so
sorry,
it
needs
to
look
at
me
there
I
am
so
it
would
be
helpful
to
actually
have
the
kids
and
I
think
it's
a
great
project
for
them,
because
it's
not
difficult,
they
don't
have
to
test
all
four
hands.
We
just
we
just
need
numbers.
We
need
more
testing
more
kids
to
test
these.
It's
a
project
you
can
do
in
a
weekend
or
in
a
day
in
a
class.
A
couple
couple
minutes
and
all
you
need
are
little
blocks.
You
can
print
all
the
blocks
you
need
for
what
it's
worth.
A
B
A
A
A
It's
it's
some
of
its
expectations.
Some
of
it
is
if
there's
somebody
that
is
a
congenital
little
difference
and
they
didn't
get
started
with
the
prosthetic
right
away,
they've
kind
of
learned
how
to
adapt
and
they
can
do
things
easier
without
a
prosthetic
a
lot
of
the
times.
It's
been,
the
the
device
is
too
heavy
or
it's
uncomfortable
or
doesn't
fit
right
a
lot
of
times
with
kids
they'll
outgrow
it
a
lot
of
times
it's
adults
again
they
just
it's
easier
without
a
device,
so
wide
variety
of
reasons,
and
it's
not
just
our
devices.
B
A
A
It
depends
on
the
type
of
device
as
well,
so
the
body
powered
one
they
kind
of
abandon
a
little
bit
quicker,
usually
a
lot
of
times.
That
is
due
to
discomfort
and
actually
using
it.
You
get
a
lot
of
and
balances
with
the
way
the
body
powered
prosthetics
are
made
and
from
what
I
can
tell
there's
not
a
lot
of
rehab
work
done
to
help
them
to
strengthen
the
right
muscles
and
teach
them
the
right
exercises.
So
I
think
if
you
did
do
that,
that
would
help
for
the
myoelectric
hands.
A
A
So
you
might
have
to
there's
there's
one
very
popular
woman
that
she's
an
actress
I
think
she
calls
herself
the
Bionic
actress
and
she
has
to
drive
from
New
Orleans
to
Houston
to
get
her
arm
looked
at,
so
you
have
to
travel
quite
a
ways
to
sometimes
get
the
get
the
arms
fixed
and
then
the
other
problem
is
charging.
So
she
often
forgets
her
Chargers,
so
she'll
be
plugged
in
at
the
airport
and
take
pictures
and
I
forgot
to
charge
my
arm
and
that's
that's
another
reason
for
abandonment.
B
A
Yeah,
it's
very
difficult
to
solve,
so
what
I
concentrated
on
was
the
problems
that
I
can
address.
I
can
make
sure
that
this
is
as
good
as
possible
and
then
once
I
know
this
is
as
good
as
possible.
Then
we
can
start
looking
at
some
of
the
other
issues
and
and
how
to
fix
those
one
of
the
big
solutions.
I
think
that's
coming
out.
Is
this
device
called
it's
called?
A
Am
it
wearable
so,
instead
of
being
a
more
of
hard
plastic
kind
of
prosthetic,
instead
of
needing
a
prostitute's
to
fit
it
to
somebody
because
fit
is
very,
very
important.
It's
made
out
of
fabric
with
kind
of
a
harder
shell
casing,
and
what
you
do
that
is.
You
can
cinch
it
to
the
users
arm,
so
you
can
print
them
and
make
them
in
a
couple
different
sizes,
maybe
a
large
medium
and
a
small,
and
then
they
can
get
it
and
they
can
size
it
which
really
fixes
the
problem
of
not
having
enough
health
care
providers.
A
Then
you
don't
need
one,
so
they
can
put
it
on
themselves
and
then
you
start
linking
in
with
enables
a
lot
of
their
work
on
making
tasks
specific
devices,
and
you
just
attach
the
device
that
you
want
to
use
on
to
the
end
of
that.
So
I
think
that's
where
a
3d
printed
hook,
like
you
mentioned,
would
be
a
good
addition,
so
I
think
there's
their
solutions.
It'll
just
take
down
any
questions.