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From YouTube: Resilience - the meta-game of Ethereum L1
Description
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Devcon 6 was held in Bogotá, Colombia on Oct 11 - 14, 2022.
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A
A
Thanks
for
having
me
I'm
working,
the
EF
I
work
on
the
research
team
and
name
I
do
a
lot
of
things
that
aren't
just
that.
But
you
know
here
we
go
so
resilience.
I
want
to
talk
about
what
we
might
call
the
metagame
of
ethereum
L1,
we're
trying
to
ship
a
lot
of
stuff.
There's
a
lot
of
things
underneath
the
hood
that
maybe
aren't
quite
clear
that
that
are
being
worked
on
and
thought
about
kind
of.
At
all
times,
I
did
ask
the
internet.
What
should
I
talk
about?
Devcon
got
some
answers.
A
L2
very
important.
It's
gonna
be
a
lot
of
stuff
to
talk
about
this
week,
dig
in
deep
Hudson.
If
you
want
to
talk
this
evening,
I
got
a
lot.
We
can.
We
can
exchange
some
fun
stories,
Kevin
I'm
glad
it's
worked.
A
The
pseudonym
has
fooled
everyone
and
and
Johnny
Ray
I
won't
do
a
handstand
up
here,
but
I
love,
handstands,
and
if
you
want
to
do
handstands
out
there
we
can
we
can
join,
but
that's
not
what
I'll
talk
about
today
so
again
being
listening
to
death,
but
the
merch
happened.
Finally,.
A
It
did
indeed
took
a
village
take
a
village.
A
lot
of
those
people
are
up
here.
A
lot
of
people
are
out
in
the
stage
and
they're
also
distributed
all
across
the
world.
Thanks
guys,
quick,
quick,
just
like
perspective
on
on
what
happened.
It's
been
a
bit
of
a
non-event,
which
is
good.
It's
good!
That's
how
it's
designed.
A
We
can
kind
of
see
in
that
little
Spike
towards
there's
two
little
spikes
at
the
end,
and
it
looks
like
participation,
kind
of
fell
off
a
cliff
real,
quick
right
around
the
merge
picked
up,
went
back
down,
it's
been
kind
of
leveling
off
and
figuring
out,
I.
Think
it's
worth
zooming
out
because,
like
this,
this
starts
at
94,
not
at
zero.
This
is
actually
what
participation
looks
like
there's
a
gap
because
our
infra
wasn't
collecting
at
that
point.
But
it's
it's
pretty
damn
good.
A
When
the
system
was
designed
years
ago,
we
we
didn't
know
what
participation
would
look
like,
we'd
think,
okay,
so
normally
it's
going
to
be
above
two-thirds.
Normally
people
are.
The
incentives
are
such
that
people
are
gonna,
turn
their
machines
on
and
make
sure
that
we're
finalizing.
But
we
thought
70,
80
85
would
be
like
kind
of
normal,
but
really
like
people
are
turns
out,
are
extremely
obsessive
about
every
last
attestation.
A
I
got
some
laughs
up
here,
because,
if
you,
if
you're
on
a
client
Discord,
it's
like
somebody
misses
one
out
of
station
in
a
month,
they're
like
what's
wrong
with
my
machine,
but
anyway,
shit's
pretty
good
like
and-
and
you
know,
there's
there's
a
couple
hiccups
here
and
there
with
a
couple.
Clients
and
and
people
are
resolving
them
moving
forward,
and
we
have
a
nice
little
nice
little
stable
graph
blocks
turns
out.
Those
are
good,
too
they're
coming
out
in
a
healthy
clip.
A
Blue
there's,
actually
three
colors
on
this
graph
blue
is,
is
successful
blocks
each
day
and
almost
all
of
them
are
let's
see,
but
we
do
we
do
miss
a
few
slots
from
people
being
offline,
I
was
actually
talking
to
Terence
and
it
turns
out
that
we
miss
fewer
slots
now
than
before
the
merge.
So,
even
though
there's
more
complexity
in
the
system,
terence's
hypothesis,
is
that
there's
a
bit
more
money
on
the
line.
You
really
want
those
blocks
now
with
those
fees.
A
So
the
the
number
of
blocks
is
even
better
than
it
was
before,
and
then
what
about
reorgs
there's
another
color
on
this
graph?
Presumably
it's
orange
but
I,
don't
you
know
there
weren't
many
before
the
merge
and
there's
not
many
after
in
fact,
Michael
Sproul
dumped
from
his
note
he's
seen
26
reorgs,
although
some
of
those
might
be
double
counted
and
85
orphaned
blocks.
All
of
these
generally
show
very
late
properties.
A
So
if
something's
reorged
generally
we're
seeing,
you
know
things
Landing
towards
like
the
last
two-thirds
of
a
slot
or
even
like
right
on
that
boundary,
so
the
network
gets
a
little
bit
confused
and
then
resolves
it
and
I
should
say
all
these
reorges
are
depth.
One
also
from
Terence
check
out
his
talk
in
two
days,
50
of
the
orphans.
So
these
are
the
blocks
that
tried
to
make
it
on
chain
and
didn't
come
from
Mad
boost
relays,
there's
additional
latency
and
complexity.
That
happens
there.
A
A
So
again,
these
numbers
I
mean
that's
like
one
a
day,
so
things
are
pretty
pretty
smooth,
I
think
the
the
like
Uncle
rate
in
proof
of
work,
obviously,
because
there's
a
lot
of
redundant
work
happening
because
of
the
way
competitions,
improve
of
work
happen,
there's
like
a
four
percent
or
eight
percent
uncle
rate,
and
you
know
we're
at
near
zero
now
so
things
are,
things
are
generally
working.
A
A
I
was
out
to
dinner
on
a
Friday
and
I
got
a
text
and
it's
not
a
text.
You
want
to
get
on
a
Friday
night,
there's
something
up
with
mainnet
from
Paul.
There
was
a
little.
There
was
yeah,
the
network
stayed
live,
we
lost
some
block
proposals
and
we
didn't
finalize
perfectly
into
epochs.
It
looks
like
we
finalized
a
few
in
three
epochs
and
it's
been
resolved
in
very
clean
since
I
know
Victory
lap
on
the
merge,
but
like
Victory
lap
on
the
beacon
chain.
A
It's
been
an
incredible
two
years
and
ultrasound
OnStar
ultrasound
money,
ultrasound,
Justin,
Drake,
I'm
scar,
it's
a
nod
to
onskar
convincing
us
to
merge
like
five
or
seven
days
earlier
to
to
save
on
issuance,
but
Justin's.
Given
a
great
talk
tomorrow,
check
it
out
and
before
I
move
on.
There
is
a
merge
data
challenge
going
on.
All
of
those
are
like
very
simple
metrics.
There
might
be
some
more
interesting
stuff
going
on
underneath
the
hood
check
it
out
and
submissions
are
due
by
the
end
of
the
month.
A
So
you
still
got
plenty
of
time,
certainly
from
the
inside.
We
feel
the
pain
but
I
know
the
pain
is
felt
from
the
outside
as
well.
The
interest
in
fact,
was
one
of
the
suggestions
for
my
talk.
How
we
quote
ship
faster
I,
don't
think
I'm
going
to
talk
about
how
we
ship
faster,
but
I,
want
to
talk
about
why
it's
slow,
and
it
feels
like
this,
both
from
the
internal
and
the
external.
Hopefully
this
is
not
a
very
busy
road,
so
much
of
much
of
this
is
fundamental.
A
Much
of
like
the
complexity
of
shipping
here
is
fundamental.
It
is
fundamentally
new
research,
fundamentally
new
mechanisms,
fundamentally
new
networking
and
new
crop
cryptography
ethereum
has
the
luxury
of
having
tons
of
backwards
compatibility
considerations
at
every
moment
of
every
day
and,
quite
frankly,
distributed
systems
are
complicated.
A
This
thing's
working
well
like
this
is
a
moderately
well-oiled
machine
like
we're
moving
faster,
we're
getting
more
done
than
we
used
to,
and
some
of
that's
because
more
core
questions
of
the
research
have
been
answered.
So
it
is
a
lot
of
engineering.
A
lot
of
that
is
is
alignment
and
Ethos.
A
lot
of
that
is
sophistication
and
specialization
of
client
devs.
We
have
a
lot
more
people
on
testing.
We
have
devops
wizards
driving
our
test
Nets
and
helping
us
at
every
step
of
the
day.
Dedicated
security
analysts,
all
sorts
of
academic
collaborations,
really
fun.
A
Development,
Retreats
and
the
process
is
just
it's
refined.
It's
really
moving
well,
so
things
are
slow.
A
We're
not
optimizing!
For
you
know
people
being
rich
tomorrow,
you
know
we're
optimizing
for
ethereum
existing
and
running
for
50,
plus
100
plus
years
and
being
a
fundamentally
foundational
protocol
of
the
internet
and
for
Humanity.
So
we're
trying
to
we're
trying
to
continue
to
play
the
game.
Nothing.
A
We're
trying
to
have
redundancy
built
into
the
game
we're
trying
to
be
able
to
recover
in
the
event
that
the
game
fails
when
you're
thinking
about
50
plus
years,
like
shit's
gonna
happen,
and
we
need
to
be
able
to
pick
up
the
pieces
and
keep
moving
and
in
fact
we
need
to
be
able
to
harden
under
after
this
adversity.
You
know,
not
only
do
you
can
you
pick
the
pieces
back
up,
but
can
you
come
back
stronger
and
tuning
for
ossification
and
avoidance
of
capture?
You
know
the
the
more
valuable.
A
This
thing
is,
the
more
it's
valuable
for
people
to
kind
of
get
their
hands
in
get
their
interests
in,
and
this
thing
needs
to
be
robust
against
anything
that
might
happen
in
the
next
50
years.
100
years
and
one
more
thing
when
we're
thinking
about
ethereum
resilience,
there's
a
number
of
like
ways
that
we
might
think
about
it.
The
the
most
obvious
is
probably
the
first.
The
protocol
like
we're
trying
to
make
sure
this
is
a
resilient
protocol.
That
this
thing
works
next
is
is
kind
of
the
instantiation
of
the
protocol.
A
That's
the
network,
that's
like!
Does
this?
Not
only
fundamentally,
this
abstract
protocol
work,
but
does
it
work
live
and
is
it
resilient
in
its
instantiation
of
tons
of
computers
distributed
across
the
world
doing
their
thing
and
then
there's
the
kind
of
the
social
layer
on
top
is
the
social
layer
resilient?
Is
the
social
error?
Can
people
come
and
go
Can
it
can
we
avoid
capture?
Can
we
deal
with
with
issues
in
that
layer
and
get
I
can
get
into
each
one
of
those?
Oh
and
shortcuts
are
obviously
available.
A
We
could
have
a
single
client,
we
could
have
a
single
dictator,
we
could
have
truncated
r
d
and
just
ship
it.
We
could
have
easy
centralizing
solutions,
we
could
have
a
willingness
for
downtime
and
we
could
have
processes
that
are
right
for
capture.
That's
not
what
we're
doing
and
that's
why
it's
taking
a
long
time
and
that's
why.
A
A
The
the
amount
of
time
and
effort
put
on
Simplicity
in
ensuring
that
the
system
is
generally
extensible
over
time
is
is
profound
if
you
there's
a
lot
of
hard
jobs
in
ethereum
L1,
but
if
you've
done,
if
you've
worked
on
research
for
any
amount
of
time
in
this
space,
you've
thrown
out
things
that
you've
worked
on
for
easily
a
year.
Things
you've
spent
countless
amounts
of
time,
and
you
just
been
like
you
know
what
it's
not
right:
it's
not
simple
enough!
A
It's
not
right
for
ethereum
and
and
that
that
is
a
regular,
regular
component
of
this
process
being
able
to
operate
under
adverse
conditions
and
be
able
to
recover
under
these
failure
modes.
I
think
one
thing:
that's
a
very
Guiding
Light
and
I
highly
recommend
vitalik's
piece
on
functional
escape
velocity,
but
we're
we're
looking
for.
You
know
you
can
throw
everything
out
of
protocol
you
can
you
can
try
to
build
everything
into
the
protocol?
You
can
just
be
like
okay.
This
is
good,
let's
throw
it
in
okay.
A
This
is
good,
let's
throw
it
in,
but
instead
we're
looking
for
that
minimum
functional
escape
velocity
and
that's
an
art.
You
know
you
don't
get
that
easily.
You
get
that
through
years
and
years
of
thought
and
iteration
and
many
protocols
only
try
to
avoid
failure,
whereas
ethereum
is
borderline,
obsessive
with
the
fact
that
it
likely
like
something
can
fail
and
like
all
of
these
protocols,
essentially
in
a
crypto
economic
protocol,
it's
you
get
X
properties.
A
The
next
is
Network
resilience
and
there's
really
a
heterogeneous
Network,
and
that
provides
resilience
in
so
many
ways.
So
we
have
multi-client,
multi-layered
Justin,
actually
was
pointing
out
there's
another
layer.
We
think
about
the
consensus
layer,
the
execution
layer
there's
actually
this
other
layer
which
is
kind
of
the
cryptographic
layer.
We
rely
on
a
multitude
of
of
black
boxed
crypto
tools
which
allow
for
expertise
and
and
separation
of
layers.
Here
we
have
hobbyist
stakers.
We
have
home
nodes
and
Regional
diversity.
A
Every
single
one
of
these
things
makes
it
harder
like
every
arguably
multi-layer,
doesn't,
but
the
fact
that
we
have
like
nine
clients
working
on
this
thing
does
not
make
shipping
easier,
but
it
makes
the
network
more
resilient
under
failure
modes.
It
makes
users
more
resilient
in
that
they
can
pick
different
things
in
the
case
that
something
fails.
Hobbyist
stakers
allow
for
Like,
A
diversity
or
participation.
They
allow
for
fail,
like
backups
in
the
event
of
failure,
modes
and
I'll
talk
about
that
home
modes.
A
Regional
diversity,
similar
things,
I,
think
one
thing
that
we
don't
think
about
when
we
think
about
like
this
heterogeneous
Network
and
how
it
helps
us
we
really
obsess
over
like
we
want
perfect
distributions.
We
want
like
20
of
each
client.
Thus,
if
one
goes
down,
then
like
we're
100
good,
that's
the
ideal
and
that
actually
optimizes
for
kind
of
the
continuity
of
the
network,
like
the
the
network,
can
be
continuously
resilient
in
the
event
that
you
get,
these
perfect
spreads.
A
So,
for
example,
you
know
if
we
have
five
clients
they're
perfectly
distributed
across
the
network.
If
one
goes
down,
you
might
get
a
few
fewer
block
proposals
until
it
comes
up
or
people
switch
their
nodes,
but
you
get
finality.
You
get
like
a
really
nice
quality
of
service.
It's
great.
A
A
So,
if
that
big,
if
if
client
diversity
looks
like
that
on
the
network,
that
large
block
goes
offline
and
it's
chaos
right
like
we're,
not
finalizing
we're
getting,
maybe
50
of
the
blocks
that
we're
expecting
and
and
shit's
going
down,
but
the
network
continues
blocks
are
built,
transactions
are
processed
and
users
have
options.
So
in
that
event,
users
over
the
course
of
a
day
can
dynamically.
A
You
know
either
that
big
block
gets
fixed,
the
network
stays
online
or
that
big
block
has
issues
and
users
have
options
to
switch
through
and
they
can
recover
and
make
sure
the
network
continues
in
the
event
that
it's
just
one
block
you
don't
have
all
of
that,
that
you
have
zero
ability
to
recover
until
they
turn
that
thing
back
on.
So
this
goes.
This
goes
for
some
of
the
other
things
here.
I
think
people
sometimes
say:
why
are
we
optimizing
for
home
nodes?
Why
are
we
optimizing
for
homesteakers?
A
You
know
like
if
you
look
at
staking
distribution,
you
know,
homesteakers
are
a
third
or
less
like
it's
clearly,
not
working,
but
it's
it
does
not
it's
not
giving
us
that
kind
of
perfect
distribution
that
might
help
in
in
continuity
in
the
event
of
intermittent
failures,
but
it
does
help
with
recovery.
It's
critical
for
Recovery,
it's
critical
for
these
failure
modes.
So
in
the
event
that
some
of
your
mega
pool
and
the
mega
cartel
of
pools,
they
finalize
something
invalid.
They
try
to
take
the
chain
over.
Then
you
have
a
resilient.
A
The
ability
to
continue
like
that
that
big
block
finalizes
something
crazy
and
that
small
chunk
of
hobbies
validators
become
the
backbone
of
ethereum
and
continue
forward,
and
they
don't
care.
Ethereum
doesn't
care,
you
know
and
the
ability
like
if
that
was
just
three
large
pools
and
they
their
cartel,
like
it's
so
much
more
difficult
to
recover.
A
So
we
do
think
things
are
ourselves
for
continuity
and
Recovery.
We
also
have
it's
kind
of
like
these
soft
things
that
we're
optimizing
all
the
time
in
the
social
air.
You
know
multi-client
is
very
important
for
for
Network
resilience,
but
it's
also
very
important
for
Like
A
diversity
of
perspective.
It's
very
important
for
ensuring
that
every
stone
is
unturned.
It's
important
for
kind
of
the
security
of
this
thing
and
how
everything
kind
of
communicates
and
comes
together.
A
Similarly,
a
diverse
staking
set,
brings
more
people
to
the
table,
ensures
there's
more
diverse
perspective
on
the
needs
of
stakers
and
the
desires
of
the
network.
Optimizing
for
the
global,
very
similar.
We
have
this
incredibly
like.
If
you
talk
to
academics,
almost
comically
open
research
process
which
brings
in
a
multitude
of
perspectives
and
helps
Harden
the
social
air
and
ensure
that
the
the
social
layer
is
diverse.
Similarly
open
processes,
Open
Door
all
around
and
Albert
neon
said.
The
ethereum
is
an
intellectual
gravity.
A
Well,
and
he
said
this
five
years
ago,
and
it
was
it
felt
kind
of
true,
but
it's
just
like
increasingly
true,
like
increasingly
every
time
I
talk
to
new
academics
or
new
people
joining
it's
just
like
the
obsession
and
the
fervor
to
be
involved
in
this.
This
intellectual
pursuit
of
of
ethereum,
the
the
ultimate
nerd
snipe,
just
increases
more
and
more.
A
Similarly,
Ben
calls
ethereum
a
bizarre
in
the
sense
that
you
know
it's
not
top
down
controlled.
It's
not
top
down
organized.
It's
not
it's
not
like
a
well-structured
thing
and
there's
chaos,
but
time
and
time
again,
because
of
this
open
nature
of
this
open
market
of
ideas
and
intellect
and
engagement
and
software
development,
like
people
just
show
up,
they
join.
They
join
the
party
at
the
right
time.
They
help
move
things
forward
and
and
and
get
things
done
and
this.
A
A
I
won't
get
into
it
too
deep,
but
I
personally
believe
ethereum
ossification
in
the
not
so
distant
future
is
incredibly
important.
Incredibly
valuable,
like
I
said
earlier,
the
ability
to
modify
change
or
manipulate
this.
This
machine
is
very
valuable
to
us
because,
quite
frankly,
ethereum
is
not
done.
You
know.
Ethereum
needs
to
reach
that
functional
escape
velocity,
but
it
will
be
increasingly
valuable
to
others
to
also
potentially
attempt
to
manipulate
for
their
own
their
own
value.
A
Where
does
the
EF
fit
in
I?
Think
I
will
probably
talk
about
this.
A
bit
I.
Think
Josh
is
going
to
have
some
interesting
perspectives
on
this
as
well,
but
in
general
you
know
we're
we're
here
to
help
we're
here
to
coordinate
we're
here
to
help
connect
the
dots,
some
of
some
very
interesting
work
and
valuable
work
does
come
out
of
the
ethereum
foundation,
but
tons
and
tons
more.
You
know
this
is
increasingly
just
a
small
piece
of
the
puzzle.
A
This
is
the
last
the
last
suggestion
reporting
Back
From
The
Trenches,
the
art
of
project,
managing
the
merge
one
Evan
I'm,
not
a
project
manager,
but
you
know
the
I
think
the
the
biggest
thing
is,
if,
if
someone
were
to
attempt
to
do
such
a
process
in
the
future
is
know
enough
to
connect
the
dots
contribute
enough
to
gain
the
respect
needed
of
the
group
and
and
ultimately
get
out
of
the
way
you
know.
A
A
A
You
know
I
see
a
lot
of
unnecessary
debt
taken
out
in
the
application
layer.
You
know
whether
that
be
complexity,
governance,
where
things
maybe
shouldn't,
be
governed,
upgradability,
bad
token
distributions
these
things,
they're
liabilities
in
the
sense
that
they
can
help
you
small
bits
of
this.
It
can
be
very
important
to
Applications,
but
I
feel
like
naively.
If
we
take
a
look
at
applications,
they
they
take
out
quite
a
bit
of
this
debt
for
very
unclear
return.
A
I
would
suggest
the
application
layer
more
Unix
philosophy,
more
of
doing
small
things
more
of
little
widgets
on
chain,
rather
than
Behemoth
type
contracts
that
try
to
do
it
all
when
in
doubt,
minimize
or
eliminate
governance,
and
when
you
do
need
governance,
make
it
small.
It
governs
this
one
component
that
interacts
with
all
of
these
ungovernable
components.
This
is
very,
very
important.
A
Like
governance
is
a
liability
of
being
able
to
manipulate
and
change
things
like
with
L1
is
going
to
bite
you
in
the
ass,
if
it's
not
done
with
Incredible
care,
I
recommend
to
tend
towards
ossification.
Similarly,
if
you
need
upgrade
abilities
today
have
a
path
in
which
you
don't
need
it
in
the
future.
A
Similarly,
I
think
there
must
be
more
interesting
value
generation
models
than
the
ones
currently
being
explored
today,
I
think
there
are
clearly
some
very
interesting
things
that
are
being
done
on
ethereum
with
tokens,
governance,
Etc,
but
I
promise
you
on
this
new
landscape
of
coordinated
games
on
top
of
ethereum.
There
are
going
to
be
interesting
and
less
potentially
risky
value
generation
models
check
it
out,
explore
the
non-financial,
especially
with
l2s,
opening
up
more
scale
for
ethereum.
There's
much
more
room
in
this
stack
to
be
doing
things
Beyond
just
that
defy
Beyond.
A
Just
that
speculative
cool
little
picture,
I
I
do
think,
especially
in
the
identity
space,
especially
in
the
Privacy
space.
There
is
a
lot
of
incredible
work
to
be
done
in
the
next
few
years,
oh
and
if
you're
riding
l2s
it's
time
for
fraud
proofs.
It's
time
for
decentralized,
sequencers,
I,
think
that
goes
without
being
said,
but.
A
If
l2s
are
going
to
inherit
the
not
only
the
security
but
the
legitimacy
of
ethereum,
we
can't
go
without
this
stuff
and
I
think
the
former
is
is
obvious.
The
latter
is
is
not
so
obvious.
Obviously
you
can
construct
secure
l2s
without
a
decentralized
sequencer,
but
when
you
start
thinking
about
regulatory
risk
and
other
types
of
things
at
play
here,
these
are
a
must,
so
I
suggest
playing
the
metagame
resilience
across
the
stack
not
at
all,
not
just
at
all.
A
One
unify
this
whole
thing
everything
built
on
ethereum
does
isn't
going
to
necessarily
last
for
50
plus
years,
but
the
the
applications
that
matter
will
and
quick
Happy
Birthday
to
someone
in
the
audience
that
I
could
not
do
any
of
this
without.