►
From YouTube: Scaling Carbon Markets with Public DLTs
Description
A presentation at the Hyperledger Climate Action and Accounting Special Interest Group on October 19, 2021 featuring Wes Geisenberger talking about Scaling Carbon Markets with Public DLTs. In this talk, he covers:
* Open standards such as the IWA's Voluntary Markets Overview
* The advantage of public ledgers for enhanced transparency in Carbon Accounting
* Architectural overview of building Carbon Offsets & Emissions Tokens on Hedera
* Real world examples of use cases built on Hedera today in Carbon Emissions & Offsets
The Climate Action and Accounting Special Interest Group is open to everyone, so if you're interested in getting involved take a look at the group's wiki at:
https://wiki.hyperledger.org/display/CASIG/
----
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A
B
You're
live
okay,
great!
Well!
Thank
you
for
everybody
for
joining
today
for
the
climate,
action
and
accounting
special
interest
group.
I
just
want
to
kick
off
this
meeting
by
recognizing
that
we
follow
the
linux
foundation
anti-trust
policy.
So
if
you
want
to
take
a
look
at
that,
there's
a
link
that
as
well
as
a
hyper
ledger
code
of
conduct.
B
I
want
to
start
off
by
allowing
anybody
who
is
new
today
to
take
a
quick
moment
to
introduce
yourself
we'd
love,
to
hear
a
little
bit
about
what
brought
you
here
and
a
little
bit
about
your
background
and
you're
interested
in
in
the
sig
and
while
you're
here
today.
Is
there
anybody
here?
That
was
a
first
time.
A
So
I'm
a
newbie,
I'm
jim
whitestone,
I'm
the
chief
economist
with
convergence
tech,
so
we're
actively
trying
to
develop
a
range
of
traceability
platforms,
focus
on
carbon
offset
and
in
setting
so
keenly
interested
in
sort
of
how
you
layer
on
the
measurement
of
scope,
3
emissions
onto
that
traceable
platform.
So
targeting
companies
or
industries
trying
to
make
private
claims
around
net
zero
or
carbon
trailing.
B
A
I
can
introduce
myself.
My
name
is
josh,
I'm
with
tracer
dao.
It
is
a
platform
for
creating
markets,
environmental
markets
or
any
markets
at
that,
and
we're
really
keenly
interested
in
this
space,
because
I
think,
if
you
can,
I
say,
financialize
but
find
a
good
price
for
some
of
these
different
segments.
Then
you
can
create
kind
of
action
around
it.
So
we're
really
interested
in
some
of
these
markets
and
yes
here
to
learn.
B
A
C
C
To
okay,
I'm
I'm
bringing
a
presentation
today,
but
please
feel
free
to
make
it
a
conversation
versus
just
a
presentation.
I'm
happy
to
answer
any
questions
and
if
you
want
to
do
maybe
a
reaction
or
a
raised
hand
or
even
just
say
hey.
I
have
a
question
about
this,
I'm
more
than
happy
to
stop
and
pause
and
answer
any
questions
that
I
can.
B
C
B
C
B
C
C
You
know,
for
you,
know
home.
That
may
be
just
like
your
a
mom
or
pop
in
terms
of
the
energy
energy
grid,
and
I've
been
trying
to
find
a
way
to
look
at
this
traceability
and
make
sure
that
it
meets
the
merits
of
the
challenges
that
we
have,
which
are
pretty
pretty
steep
in
terms
of
what
the
enhanced
transparency
framework
calls
for
is
part
of
the
paris
agreement.
And
so
we've
been
doing
a
lot
of
research
on
this
and
spending
time
at
hedera
on
the
sustainability
markets
that
are
really
growing.
C
C
Both
the
data
level
and
the
framework
level
for
these
different
assets
that
we
produce
and
beyond
that.
We've
not
just
created
the
open
source
framework,
but
we
have
a
lot
of
folks
adopting
that
framework
and
we
will
hear
about
folks,
like
dobu
dot
earth
who's,
doing
that
in
the
hedera
ecosystem
for
soil.
Organic
carbon
use
cases
in
the
uk
and
these
these
different
applications
and
some
of
them
are
grant
recipients
of
hedera
and
the
hpar
foundation
go
ahead
and
implement
these
standards
so
that
we
have
that
fully
auditable
and
discoverable
asset.
C
If
you
you
know,
in
terms
of
I
heard
someone
say,
scope,
three
scope,
two
versus
scope,
one
accounting,
and
how
do
you
even
bucket
those
emissions?
There's
processes
for
that
that
we
can
use
as
part
of
this
auditable
framework
and
guardian
methodology
that
we've
released
this
week
and
some
of
these
application
implementers
are
also
esg
consultants.
C
Who
can
help
you
do
that
or
you
can
work
with
the
go,
build
yourself
beyond
this,
because
these
assets
are
auditable
and
discoverable
we're
actually
doing
net
new
types
of
research,
because
in
the
case
of
these
assets,
they're
oftentimes
unique.
I
I
like
to
compare
things
like
a
carbon
offset
down
to
the
metric
ton
as
a
non-fungible
asset,
where
we
have
specific
geolocation,
specific
methodologies
that
follows.
Maybe
we
want
to
understand
attributes
like
durability,
additionality,
leakage
and
specifically
for
emissions?
C
It's
easily
auditable
and
discoverable,
because
the
activity
you
can
see
on
a
public
network
like
hedera
and
going
back
to
what
we've
done
with
the
iwa,
we're
making
sure
that
we
follow
standards,
rules
from
a
technical
perspective,
so
there's
clear,
accounting
and
reporting
rules,
they're
all
matched
in
our
reference
implementation.
So
it's
easier
for
folks
to
track
every
single
role
and
actor
to
make
sure
it's
part
of
an
audible
framework.
C
B
C
That's
a
great
question,
so
we
have.
We
have
plenty
of
different
types
of
folks
types
of
projects
building
on
hedera.
We,
you
know
one
thing
that
you'll
probably
hear
a
little
bit
more
about.
Maybe
it's
later
this
week,
it'll
come
out
is
related
to
something
called
the
star
metric,
which
is
a
conservation
metric
as
a
different
type
of
asset.
We've
seen
water
rights,
token
use
cases,
there's
a
different
type
of
asset,
renewable
energy
credits.
C
Some
folks
are
even
using
the
same
framework
to
trade
energy
itself
and
and
bundle
the
renewable
energy
credits
with
it.
So
there's
a
it's.
What
we're
going
to
talk
about
today?
Is
it's
really
a
policy
engine
to
create
different
types
of
assets,
not
just
a
single
asset
like
a
carbon
offset
token
or
carbon
emission
token
great.
Thank
you,
yeah,
absolutely,
and
one
of
the
reasons
we've
spent.
C
You
know,
besides
this
being
a
really
great
use
case,
and
it's
it's
good,
for
you
know
different
governments,
enterprises
or
individuals
to
work
on
is
we've
seen
this
as
a
really
big
growing
market
up
here
and
it's
naturally
a
dlt
focused
use
case
because
of
the
complex
complex
systems
in
carbon,
accounting
and
there's
also
a
growing
market
here,
where
the
the
market
itself
has
surpassed
a
billion
dollars
in
carbon
offsets
today,
and
we
see
it
growing
pretty
significantly.
I
don't
think
anyone.
Anyone
here
needs
an
education
there.
C
But
the
challenges
that
we
really
want
to
focus
on
is
making
sure
it's
so
easy
that
everyone
can
understand
every
single
actor
in
the
ecosystem
and
the
role
that
they
play,
whether
they're
a
certifier
or
an
auditor
or
a
root
authority.
You
can
think
of
the
root
authorities
of
everyone
from
an
electric
utility
company-
that's
maybe
state-owned,
or
maybe
it's
regulated
as
a
public,
a
private
utility,
but
it's
under
a
public
regulator.
C
He's
an
iwa
chairman
in
in
one
of
his
past
quotes
speaking
about
the
iwa
from
a
microsoft
perspective.
Is
they're
really
spending
a
lot
of
time
on
this,
because
they're
trying
to
find
more
verified
supply
of
this
granular
data,
whether
it's
focused
on
you
know,
key
attributes
and
metrics.
It's
trying
to
find
a
verified
asset
or
verified
carbon
offset.
C
C
Okay,
with
that
I'll
talk
a
little
about
hedera
and
the
hashgraph
consensus
algorithm,
so
hashgraph
is
a
little
different
than
blockchain.
It's
a
dag
structure
for
a
dlt,
the
hashgraph
consensus
mechanism
is
not
doesn't
use
blocks
or
any
type
of
proof-of-work-based
system.
It's
a
highly
efficient
gossip
about
gossip
consensus
protocol,
and
so
what
that
really
means
is
we
have
a
bunch
of
different
computers
on
the
network,
a
bunch
of
different
nodes,
they're
actually
run
by
large
governing
council
members,
which
I'll
talk
about
in
a
few
minutes.
C
Some
of
those
companies
include
the
googles
of
the
world.
Ibm
boeing,
tata,
electricity
to
france,
standard
bank,
amongst
others,
they're
diversified
across
geographies
and
across
industries,
and
these
nodes
that
they're
running
are
talking
to
each
other
constantly
through
gossip
protocol,
which
is
the
fastest
way
to
disseminate
information.
In
terms
of
you
know,
in
terms
of
getting
it
out
there
and
making
sure
that
we
don't
have
any
any
information
that
can
be
disrupted
from
a
gossip
perspective.
They
we
attached
a
few
key
pieces
of
information.
C
The
last
time
stamp
of
the
transaction
they'd
sent
in
a
hash
of
it
and
the
last
message
that
that
computer
received
and
a
hash
of
them
and
ultimately,
when
we
passed
that
message
and
we're
gossiping
out
all
of
our
past
transactions.
What
we're
doing
is
we're
building
a
history
of
the
hashgraph
that
any
node
or
any
computer
on
the
network
can
can
verify
and
we
go
through
a
process
called
virtual
voting,
which
is
the
chief
innovation
of
dr
lemon
baird
who's.
C
One
of
the
founders
of
hashgraph
and
hedera,
and
this
gossip
about
gossip
with
virtual
voting,
enables
us
to
have
an
asynchronous
byzantine
fault,
tolerant
consensus
mechanism,
which
allows
us
to
be
very
fast
because
our
computers
don't
have
to
have
extra
receipts
or
votes
as
a
consensus
mechanism
for
for
any
type
of
tran
transaction.
What
they're
able
to
do
is
determine
based
on
the
history
of
the
hashgraph
and
how
we
talk
to
each
other.
C
They
can
actually
understand
asynchronously
how
to
come
to
consensus,
and
I
can
share
a
youtube
video
that
goes
into
a
little
bit
more
detail
on
a
four-minute
version
or
a
50-minute
version.
As
part
of
the
chat
in
this
call,
folks
are
interested
in
that,
but
effectively
what
we
get
is
a
very
high
throughput
distributed
ledger
of
this.
They
can
do
tens
of
thousands
of
transactions
a
second
today
and
it's
public
implementation
on
hedera.
C
It
is
asynchronous
byzantine
fault,
tolerant,
which
is
the
highest
form
of
security
in
distributed
ledger
and
beyond
that.
It's
also
fair-
and
this
is
really
important
for
the
esg
and
sustainability
focused
use
cases,
because,
when
we're
taking
in
tens
of
thousands
of
real
world
events
a
second,
we
have
fair
access
to
ledger.
You
can
submit
to
any
node
on
the
network.
C
You
have
fair
affair
timestamp,
based
on
the
median
timestamp
of
a
consensus
message,
you
a
fair
order
for
every
single
transaction,
it's
determined
for
the
nodes
and
you
have
a
fair
fee
which
we'll
talk
about
a
little
bit
more,
it's
paid
in
hbar
but
denominated
in
usd,
and
it's
very
predictable,
penny
of
a
penny
or
.0001
usd.
So
you
can
build
cost
predictable
businesses,
which
is
a
big,
a
big
advantage
for
the
public
ledger
spaces.
C
You
know
that
we've
seen
a
lot
of
adoptions
in
enterprises
because
of
this
reason,
the
services
that
folks
are
building
on
top
of
hedera
there's
two
key
services
that
are
really
used
in
this
architecture.
One
is
the
consensus
service
which
you
can
think
of
as
a
public
message
queue
where
all
the
events,
maybe
a
solar
inverter,
is
saying:
hey.
I've
created
x,
amount
of
kilowatt
hours
or
x
amount
of
x
amount
of
megawatt
hours
over
a
period
of
time.
That's
all
recorded
on
the
consensus
service.
C
C
Messages
to
that
token
service
could
be
things
you
account
for
in
terms
of
your
carbon
emissions,
tokens,
metric
tons
or
even
submetric
tons,
and
the
same
thing
could
be
said
for
carbon
offsets
or
renewable
energy
credits
or
any
other
type
of
token,
and
they
support
the
key
application
use
cases
for
this
sustainability
ecosystem.
So
we
create
a
public
audit
trail
from
a
data
integrity
perspective
for
those
things
like
the
kilowatt
hours
over
time,
or
it
could
be
a
different
step
in
a
certification.
Maybe
it's
a
hash
of
a
photo.
C
Making
sure
the
technical
roadmap
helps
them
meet,
features
feature
requests
even
supporting
things
like
our
open
source
initiatives
like
the
guardian,
making
sure
that
we
think
about
industry
standards
or
different
privacy
regulations
as
an
example
from
a
legal
perspective
and
then
also
helping
to
make
sure
you
know
everything
goes
smoothly.
The
fees
work
right
and
the
the
treasury
is
deployed
properly
in
terms
of
one
one
point
I
always
like
to
make
in
these
types
of
conversations
is
a
lot
of
times.
C
People
talk
about
the
different
footprints
of
public
networks
and
they're
very
concerned
about
this,
and
rightly
so,
about
the
outside
footprint.
Public
networks
create
hedera
as
a
ledger
because
of
the
efficiency
of
the
hashgraph
consensus.
Algorithm
is
an
extremely
low
footprint,
dlt
or
blockchain,
but
also
extremely
low
footprint
from
a
transaction
perspective.
C
For
these
public
proof
of
stake
networks,
I
do
like
to
point
this
out
because
some
folks
say:
hey
I'm
worried
about
building
a
public
ledger.
You
know
this
is
also
a
lower
lower
carbon
footprint
from
a
transaction
perspective
than
visa
and
so
now
to
jump
into
well.
How
are
we
solving
this
from
an
implementation
perspective?
What's
in
the
open
source,
repo?
That's
coming
out?
How
can
I?
How
can
I
use
this?
And
what
should
I
be
aware
of?
C
C
You
know
whether
it's
additionality,
durability
leakage
or
any
other
data
point
that
you
think
is
relevant.
There's
flexibility
to
add
this
into
the
claim
and
get
the
right
attestation
following
that
scientific
methodology
following
these
standards
on
hedera.
You
know
this
is
exciting.
To
me.
This
is
one
of
the
big
reasons
why
we're
you
know
why
we
focused
on
this
area.
C
Is
we're
excited
about
bringing
in
all
these
real
world
events
in
real
time
with
the
fair
timestamp,
with
finality
in
three
to
five
seconds
and
paying
that
predictable
fee,
whether
it's
a
tenth
of
a
penny
to
go
ahead
and
mint
a
token
or
a
hundredth
of
a
penny?
Point:
zero:
zero,
zero
one
usd
for
a
consensus
service
transaction
to
report
any
type
of
data?
In
a
token
workflow
that
workflow
looks
a
little
bit
like
this.
We
have
a
sensor
and
there's
a
there's,
a
certifying
action
that
goes
into
saying.
C
Well,
the
sensor
can
emit
the
data,
but
there's
a
sensor
that
can
emit
any
type
of
data
point,
whether
it's
a
kilowatt
hour.
It
can
be
observed
by
our
guardian
or
decentralized
validator
that
goes
ahead
and
mints
a
claim
or
a
token,
depending
on
again
the
scientific
methodology
and
what
it
calls
for,
and
that
claim
or
token
has
a
link
to
all
the
different
events
that
went
into
the
certification
of
that
sensor,
as
well
as
that
sensor
data
itself.
C
And
ultimately,
what
happens
is
when
you
go
to
retire
that
asset
or
even
look
at
it
on
the
market.
You
can
see
every
specific
action,
it's
been
attested
to
and
the
entire
data
audit
trail
for
that,
and
so
this
can
get
really
complex.
It
can
have
10
10,
plus
parties
or
100
plus
parties,
but
for
the
sake
of
simplicity,
what
it
really
looks
like
is,
you
could
have
a
root
authority,
we'll
imagine
it's
vera
today
and
they
could
issue
a
verifiable
credential.
It
describes
some
type
of
actor.
C
It
could
be
a
validation
and
verification
body,
any
type
of
certifying
authority
really
that
they
can
then
issue
an
another
credential
to
say
maybe
a
device.
It
could
be
anything
from
a
satellite
for
satellite
imagery
as
one
data
source
to
a
device
like
an
inverter
in
the
case
of
a
wreck,
or
it
could
be
to
another
party
that
that's
one
of
their
partners
and
we
know
exactly
who
is
certifying,
who
their
role
and
how
they're
describing
this
actor
and
what
that
actor
is
certified
to
do.
C
That
can
get
extremely
complex
if
you're,
bringing
in
three
four
five
different
sources,
or
maybe
a
hundred
different
sources
of
data
for
complex
measurements
or
projects
across
a
series
of
sensors,
where
we
even
add
extra
steps
around
certifying
that
the
sensor
is
operating
correctly.
Maybe
you
have
a
piece
of
firmware
that
needs
to
be
technically
audited
to
make
sure
it's
adhering
or
behaving
properly,
you
could
have
different
route
authorities.
C
C
From
a
hedera
perspective,
it
looks
a
little
bit
simpler
than
that,
where
we're
taking
a
log
of
data
that
has
you
know
the
the
actor.
In
this
case,
it
would
be
a
solar
panel
that
has
its
own
identifier
and
it's
emitting
data
and
that's
linked
to
its
entire
set
of
history
as
part
of
that
trust
chain
that
we
talked
about
where
you
have
a
certifier
who
said
hey.
C
This
is
how
this
inverter
is
supposed
to
operate
and
that
you
can
even
prove
that
they
are
still
their
certification
is
still
good
from
the
root
authority.
Every
time
that
a
data
event
is
minted.
So
if
you
say
hey,
I'm
auditing,
you,
the
audit's
good
for
three
months,
we're
going
to
have
the
guardian
validating
that
every
time
a
data
event
is
created
before
they
go
ahead
and
mint
a
token
which
is
ultimately
then
purchasable.
C
You
know
through
the
public
network
and
what
that
leads
to
is
you
know
a
fully
auditable
and
discoverable
token.
You
know
putting
those
flags
out
there
to
make
sure
that
you
know.
We
know
that
this
is
in
fact,
whether
it's
a
wreck
or
a
soil
based
offset.
You
know
the
the
token
it's
saying
it
is
with
all
the
checks
behind
it.
Before
I
get
into
some
examples,
does
anyone
have
any
questions.
A
C
A
Have
a
question
regarding
the
root
of
trust:
how
did
you
implement
this
sort
of
changing
of
the
credentials
because
we
don't
have
a
blog,
or
do
you
put
all
the
there's
all
the
credentials
of
the
issuers
into
the
next
credentials,
so
that
the
root
of
trust
could
be
completed
by
just
taking
a
look
at
the
last
credential?
Or
do
you
use
registries
for
this,
or
is
it
a
more
dynamic
approach
than
you
that
you
just
have
a
did?
A
C
So
so
effectively
you
can
think
of
the
guardian
as
managing
for
its
methodology,
managing
all
the
credentials
or
basically
a
date
registry.
If
you
will,
for
the
credit
for
the
credentials
within
the
methodology
for
the
root
authority,
and
so
the
root
authority
implements
saying
hey,
you
need
these
five
rules.
10
rolls
whatever
it
may
be,
to
go
ahead
and
mint
a
token.
C
What
the
guardian
ultimately
is
is
the
policy
engine
to
configure
those
different
decentralized
identifiers
and
the
verifiable
credentials
that
are
required
to
create
a
token
following
that
methodology
and
so
you're
able
to
look
up
exactly
who
who's
represented
by
the
did
you're
able
to
understand?
Okay,
this
is
in
the
case
of
a
data
generator.
We
use
the
solar
panel
before
so
I'll.
Stick
with
stick
with
that
for
that
solar
panel.
C
You
know
it
was
given
a
credential
on
this
state
and
as
long
as
that
signature
is
not
revoked
or
has
not
timed
out,
it's
still
good.
We
can
check
to
see
the
same
for
the
different
installers
and
we
can
go
ahead
and
look
it
up
and
based
on
the
rules,
we'll
be
able
to
see
that
and
query
that
on
a
public
ledger,
and
so
that's
that's,
I
don't
want
to
say
it's
it's
built
it
is
built
in,
but
the
schemas
that
you
create
are
very
flexible
within
the
policy
engine
for
the
guardian.
A
I
have
a
question
if
you
don't
mind
sure.
Well,
I
heard
some
background
noise
there.
I
have
a
couple
questions.
Actually,
the
first
one
was,
if
I,
if
I
owned
a
project
that
was
creating
carbon
offsets
and
they
were
calculating
in
real
time,
let's
say:
burning
methane
gas.
Is
there
a
way
for
me
to
create
an
oracle
that
puts
those
out
to
market
and
then
has
a
strike
price
based
on
what
the
market
price
might
be
for
the
carbon
offsets
through
the
hedera
market
at
the
given
time.
C
C
I
think
that
you
described
here
to
interact
with
those
markets,
and
so
you
know
it's
a
great
time
to
be
building,
because
you
know
that
can
that
smart
contract
service,
which
is
based
on
the
bezu
hyperledger
bezu
evm,
it
you
know,
would
enable
you
to
do
that.
Leveraging
tools
that
I
think
a
lot
of
folks
in
the
community
would
be
familiar
with.
A
C
C
I
want
to
ensure
that
every
minted
token
that
we
create
as
part
of
our
decentralized
registry
or
dow
is
only
is
only
allowed
to
be
burned
in
the
case
that
it's
matched
with
a
carbon
emission
token
from
these
15
different
sources.
For
example,
if
you
want
to
make
it
that
specific
or
you
could
make
it
a
little
more
generic,
depending
on
what
level
of
complexity
you
wanted
to
add
in
in
terms
of
the
governance
rules,
though
it's
it's
really
pretty
flexible.
C
The
way
that
we've
built
out
the
guardian,
it's
in
javascript's
a
pretty
pretty
well-known
language
from
a
programming
perspective
and
then
that
management
of
the
token
is
really
up
up
to
the
implementer,
whether
they
want
to
make
it
prescriptive
that
just
a
single
guardian
exists
or
if
they
want
to
interconnect
a
network
of
guardians.
That
is
all
up
to
the
implementer.
A
You
know
data
token
register
in
the
network,
but
there
are
a
lot
of
perhaps
private.
You
know
ip
sensitive
data
feeds
and,
and
those
are
ways
for
the
system.
You
know
the
hashgraph
to
manage
these
sort
of
data.
Public
versus
private
data
feeds
that
respects
sort
of
industrial,
ip
or
other
legal
issues.
C
Absolutely
that's
that's
a
great
question
so
the
way
that
the
hedera
consensus,
service
works
and
really
hedera
in
general
is
we
allow
you
to
bring
your
own
encryption
to
the
network
and
we
allow
topics
to
be
either
encrypted
or
unencrypted.
So
today
our
consensus
service,
you
can
almost
think
of
it
as
a
decentralized
message:
queue
compared
to
something
like
kafka,
being
a
centralized
message,
queue
and
if
you
want
to
say
this
topic's
permissioned
only
certain
folks
that
are
approved
can
submit
to
that.
C
That's
one
way
to
handle
things
and
you
can
either
encrypt
that
or
unencrypt
that
you
can
encrypt
part
of
the
message
or
encrypt
the
whole
message.
You
can
hash
part
of
the
data
or
make
some
of
the
data
plain
text,
and
so
there's
a
lot
of
customization
that
you
can
do
for
your
specific
architecture.
C
I
know
on
the
carbon
emission
token
side,
you
know
when
you're
you
generally
want
to
expose
certain
levels
of
granularity
of
information,
say
latitude
longitude
may
be
too
precise
for
some
corporations
comfort,
but
maybe
you
want
to
at
least
keep
it
in
zip
code
level.
Those
are
all
different
way.
Things
that
you
can
bring,
you
know
is
part
of
the
custom
you
know
and
making
sure
you're
following
of
course,
the
methodologies
prescriptive
actions
for
accounting,
but
you
can
bring
those
different
flexibilities
to
the
table
from
a
hedera
consensus
service
perspective.
C
You
know
where
those
carbon
emission
tokens
exist
and
there's
actually
a
specification
that
the
iwa
created
a
little
while
back
on
really
what
is
a
carbon
emission
token
that
you
can
go
ahead
and
and
stand
up
with
a
guardian,
but
in
the
case
of
reverely,
digital
they've
been
working
with
the
our
open
source
implementer
envision
blockchain,
who
did
some
great
work
here
in
getting
this?
Getting
this
stood
up
is
a
piece
of
open
source
code.
C
You
know,
I
think
this
is.
This
is
a
really
good
example,
but
from
a
supply
side
they
could
be
buying
from
folks
like
dobu,
dot,
earth
and
dovu
is
working.
Their
uk
based
company
they're
working
with
different
farmers
across
the
uk
for
soil,
organic
carbon
sequestration,
and
this
you
know
this
use
case
is
really
a
much
more
manual
use
case.
C
And
ultimately,
that
leads
to
the
creation
of
what
they're
calling
a
dynamic
nft,
which
is
that
unique
metric
ton
that
they
can
view
the
granular
data
down
to
even
the
sub
acre
level.
And
so
the
topic
id
is
basically
that
view
where
all
the
data
that
they
can
see
and
make
discoverable
tied
to
that
token
lives
and
every
token
that
they
produce
will
be
visible
on
ledger
tied
to
that
specific
site.
C
C
It
has
all
sorts
of
different
attributes
that
you
can
add
onto
it
and
what
that
leads
to
is
a
really
interesting
market
interaction
where,
because
we're
able
to
account
down
to
the
specific
metric
ton
or
submetric
ton.
And
with
this
additional
you
know
additional
metadata
around
things
like
additionality,
durability,
leakage,
vintage
geography,
so
on
and
so
forth.
We're
able
to
see
the
carbon
markets
in
a
much
more
granular
way,
and
we
can
almost
think
about
about
it
like
how
we
search
for
houses
today
on
sites
like
zillow
or
realtor.com.
C
C
We
talked
about
at
the
beginning
with
clear
accounting
that
methodologies
that
both
the
framework
and
the
data
level-
and
you
know
trying
to
accomplish
that
that
big
goal,
though
of
a
singular
carbon
price
and
building
new
types
of
market
mechanisms,
and
so
that's
that's
really
where
I
kind
of
wanted
to
end
up
today
and
I'm
happy
to
open
it
up
for
any
questions.
And
you
know
just
I
figured
I'd,
share
my
contact
info
here
and
yeah,
but
I'm
happy
to
take
any
questions.
A
A
C
Totally
technically
feasible.
What
I
would
say
is
because
we're
tying
the
specific
audit
trail
to
the
token
on
hedera.
I
think
it's
there
may
be
some
interesting
markets
that
can
be
built
on
hedera
in
a
high-throughput
way.
That
would
be
completely
on
ledger,
but
it's
really
up
to
the
builder
at
that
point
on
what
you
could
what
you
could
put
together.
I
would
say
it's
a
pretty
limitless
possibility
right.
You
can
do
tens
of
thousands
of
transactions
a
second
there's,
some
nice
unique
features
to
hedera,
where
you
can
do
a
many-to-many
token
transaction.
C
C
Yeah,
absolutely,
please
feel
free,
please
feel
free
to
ping
me.
A
good
way
to
get
a
hold
of
me
is
on
discord.
We
we
just
stood
up
a
sustainability
channel
on
hedera.com
discord,
and
you
know
for
those
who
are
thinking
about
building.
I
do
also
want
to
put
a
plug
out
there
for
the
hpar
foundation.
The
h
bar
foundation
is
a
hedera
ecosystem
development,
org
hedera
recently
announced
at
the
time
it
was.
C
I
don't
know
where
it
stands
today,
but
at
the
time
it
was
5
billion,
usd
ecosystem
development
fund
in
hbar,
of
course,
and
that
fund
is
really
focused
on
driving
activity
as
part
of
the
hedera
ecosystem
and
working
with
high
promised
projects
that
can
you
know,
help
change
the
world,
and
you
know
working
on
use
case
like
this,
like
this
or
any
other
use
case
that
could
be
out
there,
whether
it's
an
oracle-based
use
case
tied
to
data
bringing
the
next.
You
know
million
offset
project
onto
hedera,
whatever
it
may
be,.
A
West
side,
a
question,
one
more
question
for
you
regarding
the
the
vera
root
structure.
If
I
was
pulling
credits,
I'm
guessing
that
the
projects
will
still
be
registering
with
vera
as
the
validator.
So
then,
if
I
were
to
be
retiring
credits
and
using
hedera,
could
I
use
the
vera
hash
that
is
issued
upon
retirement
to
be
able
to
validate
that
those
credits
are
effectively
burned?.
C
Yeah,
so
we
have
a
lot
of
folks
bringing
in
I'll
call
it
different
methodologies
from
I'll
call
it
traditional
non-profit
registries,
there's
a
lot
of
different.
I
don't
want
to
get
too
specific
here
or
overstep
or
say
that
we
are
working
with
their
or
or
any
other
registry.
There's
a
lot
of
folks
who
are
that
are
in
the
project
space
and
it's
really
up
to
their
architecture.
C
A
Got
it?
Thank
you,
hey
wes.
My
name
is
gino.
I
co-founded
a
startup
up
here
in
alberta,
canada,
with
niraj
here
on
this
call
and
we're
unlocking
emissions
trading
for
micro
generators.
So,
right
now
we're
focused
on
the
compliance
markets,
as
opposed
to
voluntary
markets.
Voluntary
registries,
because
we're
finding
that
the
prices
in
regulated
emissions
trading
markets
are
consistently
higher
and
more
sort
of,
I
guess,
backed
by.
A
C
So
yeah
we
work
with
a
lot
of
different
projects,
both
across
voluntary
and
we're
also
working
with
some
of
the
compliance
space
as
well.
It
really
depends
on
what
regulator
different
folks
fall
under,
because
there's
different
schemes
in
in
every
single
country
for
the
most
part
or
or
region.
In
the
case
of
like
the
eu,
we're
pretty
flexible
right.
This
is
a
you
know,
a
piece
of
open
source
infrastructure
that
we
see
folks
using
in
both
spaces.
C
We
actually
do
see
a
couple
projects
too
trying
to
span
both
voluntary
and
compliance
markets
where
they're
producing
what
they
call
compliance
grade
credits,
particularly
in
the
rec
space.
This
is
popular
compliance
grade
credits
that
can
both
sell,
involuntary
as
well
as
compliance
compliance
markets.
C
If
nothing
else,
I'm
more
than
happy
to
connect
offline,
please
feel
free
to
reach
out
to
me.
If
you
don't
have
a
discord
account,
I
am
out
there
on
linkedin,
just
as
wes
geisenberger,
I'm
also
out
there
on
twitter,
geisenberger,
wes
and
yeah
more
than
happy
to
continue
the
conversation.
If
you
want
to
learn
more
about
the
hbar
foundation
or
hedera,
I'm
always
happy
to
have
that
discussion,
and
thank
you
all
for
having
me.
I
really
appreciate
it.
B
Absolutely
thank
you
so
much
wes.
It's
been
a
really
really
interesting
conversation.
I
just
want
to
also
flag
for
next
week.
Our
next
meeting
on
november,
2nd,
we
have
another,
a
great
presenter,
deval
dania
from
mojo
global,
to
be
around
open
source
mrb
software
for
forestry,
agriculture
and
land
uses.
So
please
join
us
then,
and
we
don't
have
any
any
more
questions.
B
B
A
A
C
Hedera
hedera's
governance,
council
they're.
Actually,
I
think
which
I
think
is
kind
of
where
the
question
is
going.
Is
the
hedera
governance
council
is
made
up
of
large
fortune,
500
type
actors
and
large
highly
reputable
universities
across
the
industry
in
geography
they
each
run
a
node
of
the
network,
which
runs
the
hashgraph
consensus
algorithm,
and
you
can
see
all
those
companies
I'm
going
to
put
it
here
in
the
chat
at
hedera.com
council
and
what
they're
doing
is
you?
Can
you
can
check?
C
Every
single
node
obviously
make
sure
it's
running
that
today
we
actually
have
a
hedera.docs.com.
You
could
even
look
at
the
node,
the
node
specs
yourself
to
kind
of
learn
a
little
bit
more
about
it.
If
you
want
to
get
into
some
more
technical
depth,
but
what
the
council
members
are
doing
is
we
publish
transparent,
and
I
say
we
as
I
was
part
of
their
team
very
recently,
but
the
era
council
really
publishes
all
their
governance
aspects
in
a
transparent
way,
meeting
minutes
everything
else.
C
That
goes
with
that,
but
from
a
technical
perspective,
the
code's
open
source,
you
can
actually
go.
Look
at
it.
It's
out
there
on
github
and
when
it
comes
in
terms
of
reliability,
it's
public
network,
so
you
can.
We
have
a
status.com
and
you
can
see
the
entire
history
of
all
the
reliability
of
the
network
itself
in
terms
of
authority,
each
of
the
each
of
the
companies
has
their
own
node
and
votes
with
different,
interesting
signing
tools
which
hedera
has
talked
about
publicly
in
blogs.
C
I
probably
don't
want
to
get
into
the
details
of
that
today
for
this
webinar,
but
I'm.
If
you
follow
me
offline,
I'm
happy
to
share
the
blog
posts
that
describe
that
and
then
steak.
Hedera
is
a
proof-of-stake
network.
Today,
from
a
state
perspective,
the
stake
is
weighted
equally
and
in
the
future,
and
we
have
a
video
series
called
path
to
decentralization,
which
is
out
there
on
the
hedera
youtube
that
actually
describes
how
that
state,
how
that
stake,
works
and
will
change
over
time.
B
C
C
It's
one
of
the
things
I'm
hoping
people
apply
to
the
fountain
to
the
hbar
foundation
with
is
new
ideas
of
how
to
demonstrate
this,
because
I
think
that,
as
we
mature
across
the
industry,
showing
all
these
assets
in
one
place
will
be
a
really
good
opportunity
for
someone
to
take
advantage
of.
But
you
know
today
it's
out
there
on
the
public
ledger.
You
can
kind
of
see
even
on
the
test
net.
I
think
there
was
multiple
rex
created
today
that
I
saw
just
kind
of
watching
the
streams
go
through
so
yeah.
A
C
Yeah,
so
so
hedera
is
very,
very
active
in
this
space.
There's
actually
and
I'm
gonna
go
try
to
grab
this
quickly
on
the
fly.
There's
an
open
source,
decentralized,
bridge
architecture.
That's
out
there
on
github
that
some
of
the
folks
in
our
ecosystem
have
built,
I
think,
is
pretty
interesting.
I
know
there's
some
folks
implementing
that
today,
and
so
I
I
would
keep
an
eye
out
for
for
activity
around
this
in
the
future.
C
But
in
terms
of
interoperability
or
say,
fabric
is
a
good
example.
There's
actually
atera
consensus
service
plug-in.
So
if
you
ever
think
about
tying
something
like
fabric
or
any
other
hyperledger
framework
to
a
public
network
using
a
consensus
plug-in,
then
you
can
plug
in
the
consensus
service,
as
that
algo
consensus
algorithm
to
get
further
public
auditability
for
ordering
of
hyperledger
networks
or
hyperledger
based
systems.
And
if
you
have
really
sensitive
data
and
you're
just
concerned,
maybe
you're
you're
taking
a
carbon
emission,
you
don't
you
aren't
quite
ready
for
a
public
ledger.
C
If
you
wanted
that
fairness
and
high
throughput
ordering
from
the
hedera
network,
you
could
plug
in
the
hcs
hts
plugin,
that
is
out
on
the
hashgraph
github
site
under
the
same
same
area
as
the
guardian
itself,
and
you
could
go
plug
that
into
fabric
now.
What
you
get
out
of
that
is
you're,
actually
leveraging
the
same
global
timestamp
so
that
fair
order
across
multiple
networks.
So
if
you
have
a
permission
framework
like
fabric,
you
can
reference.
C
The
timestamp
specifically
tied
to
hedera
for
a
transaction
happening
that
private
framework
in
relation
to
what's
going
on
in
the
public
network,
say
with
a
carbon
offset
as
an
example.
I
do
you
know
from
a
implementation
perspective.
I
do
think
it's
very
valuable
for
folks
to
be
out
there
on
a
public
network
showing
every
step
of
the
way
to
give
that
enhanced
transparency.
But
for
folks
who
aren't
quite
there,
yet
that's
that
is
one
option
is
to
relate
those
interactions
together
using
the
same
global
time
stamp.
A
C
B
C
I'm
not
sure
if
that's
directed
at
hedera
or
directed
at
the
guardian,
the
guardian
itself,
so
I'm
going
to
try
to
address
both
and
hopefully
that'll
that'll
help
from
a
hedera
perspective.
Hedera
is
currently
at
39
governing
council
seats.
However,
we've
talked
about
opening
that
up
to
community
nodes
and
I
think,
there's
a
there's.
A
lot
of
public
conversation
around
that
over
time
and
ultimately
becoming
permissionless
and
there's
an
entire
webinar
series
called
the
path
permission
list
there
there's
no
technical
limit
on
the
amount
of
nodes.
C
You
know
that
we're
we're
looking
into
so
that's
kind
of
the
hedera
level
on
the
main
net,
from
a
guardian
or
guardian
network
perspective.
That's
really
up
to
the
implementer.
You
know
right
now.
We
see
a
lot
of
folks
just
doing
a
single
guardian
because
they
want
to
get
this
set
up
for
their
specific
projects
and
adding
in
different
different
parties
to
that
process
who
want
to
run
it
at
the
same
time.
C
We
know
that
there
is
especially
in
the
esg
space,
there's
a
lot
of
folks
who
aren't
comfortable
running
their
own
nodes
from
whether
it's
a
corporation
or
somebody
else,
and
that
gives
the
flexibility
for
say
that
registry
or
root
authority,
type
body
or
even
a
separate
body
who
implements
the
root
authorities
methodology
to
stand
that
up
and
allow
them
to
interact
still
in
a
publicly
auditable
way,
publicly
verifiable
way.
Discoverable
way
with
the
guardian
network,
that's
being
created
or
the
single
guardian,
that's
being
created.
C
So
one
one
unique
technical
feature
for
hedera
is
we
can
create
multi-signature
tokens
and
you
can
have
multi-signature
accounts,
and
so,
when
you
create
a
signing
event
there,
you
could
embed
private
keys
into
every
guardian
and
prove
the
signatures,
and
you
could
do
things
that
way.
That's
that's
one
of
the
cool
features
of
the
hedera
network.