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From YouTube: Hyperledger in-depth webinar: Blockchain in Europe: Advancements, Opportunities and Challenges
Description
This webinar delved into the latest trends and opportunities related to digital identity, Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs), and other important use cases, particularly in terms of increasing adoption and driving innovation in the European market.
The first half hour of the webinar featured a discussion on the initiatives and efforts of three major organizations: the Digital Euro Association, Digital Pound Foundation, and European Blockchain Association e.V. These experts shared their experiences and insights on how to drive blockchain adoption in Europe, as well as the challenges they've encountered and how they've overcome them.
The second half of the webinar was dedicated to Alastria Blockchain Ecosystem and the European Blockchain Services Infrastructure (EBSI), who got into the practical implementations of blockchain technology and its impact on the European market.
Speakers:
Daniela Barbosa- Hyperledger Foundation Executive Director - Moderator
Erwin Voloder - Senior Policy Fellow - European Blockchain Association (EBA)
Claire Conby - Operations & Governance Lead - Digital Pound Foundation (DPF)
Conrad Kraft- Executive Director- Digital Euro Association (DEA)
Maxine Lemm - DG DIGITI Project Officer- EBSI
Jesus Ruiz - CTO & Member of the Board - Alastria
A
A
A
We
have
a
fantastic
panel
of
really
experts
in
the
field
working
in
various
aspects
of
Europe
European
blockchain
projects
that
I'm
very
excited
to
announce
for
those
of
you
who
are
new
to
our
hyperledger
webinars
I'm,
going
to
take
you
through
a
couple
of
housekeeping
just
to
make
sure
that
you
understand
how
we
operate
our
webinars
and
how
to
participate
and
I
do
welcome
you
to
join
us
for
chat.
There
is
some
questions
that
you
can
also
answer
through.
A
So
let's
go
ahead
and
just
do
a
couple
of
housekeeping
rules
for
you,
hyperledger
foundation,
for
those
who
might
need
new
in
this
is
your
first
webinar.
We
are
a
global
community
of
Open
Source
developers
and
Business
Leaders
worldwide,
who
are
really
focused
on
blockchain
and
blockchain
related
Technologies
and
how
to
implement
them
in
our
various.
Both
public
and
private
sector
use
cases.
So
we
welcome
everyone
to
our
community.
We're
really
committed
to
having
a
safe
and
welcoming
Community
for
all,
and
this
also
means
the
webinar,
so
please
be
respectful
of
one
another.
A
We
do
appreciate
questions
and
hard
questions
and-
and
you
know,
potentially
some
arguments,
but
we
want
to
be
respectful
for
one
another,
so
we
do
have
a
hyperledger
code
of
conduct
that
we
also
follow
for
these
webinars.
These
virtual
webinars,
as
well
as
all
in-person
events,
so
once
again
all
are
welcome
to
the
hyperledger
community
and
please
be
safe
to
one
another.
A
couple
of
housekeeping
roles,
all
hyper
Ledger
meetings
are
held
under
our
Anti-Trust
policy,
see
the
Linux.
A
Foundation
meetings
involves
participation
by
industry
competitors
and
it's
Our
intention
to
conduct
all
its
activities
in
accordance
with
applicable
Anti-Trust
and
competition
laws.
If
you
ever
have
any
question,
please
do
just
read
our
full
policy
available
there
in
that
short
URL
and
would
be
happy
to
answer
any
questions
that
you
have
another
Point.
Today's
event
is
being
recorded,
it's
also
being
live
streamed
on
YouTube
and
tamash.
A
If
you
can
put
the
live
stream
URL
into
the
chat,
if
you
haven't
already
feel
free
to
share
it
with
others
that
might
be
looking
to
join
and
we
will
make
the
slides
available
for
download
after
the
event,
although
I
don't
think
we
have
slides
today
since
we're
having
a
panel
discussion,
but
we
will
post
the
video
on
YouTube
straight
after
the
event
as
well,
and
if
you
have
any
questions,
do
put
them
onto
the
question
and
answer
chat
stay
active,
get
involved.
We
will
also
have
some,
hopefully
some
opportunities.
A
Raise
your
hand
if
you're
new
to
zoom
there's
a
raise
hand
feature
during
the
Q
a
part
we
can
call
on
you,
please
go
ahead
and
ask
questions
cue
them
up
in
the
Q
a
so
there's
a
button
in
the
middle
of
your
screen.
Click,
the
Q,
a
ask
your
question
and
we'll
get
them
through
the
events
as
well,
and
please,
as
I
mentioned
before,
feel
free
to
talk
and
comment.
A
Please
tell
us
if
you
haven't
already
where
you're
dialing
in
from
today,
and
we
will
monitor
that
chat
as
well,
so
I
want
to
first
just
give
you
an
overview
of
what
we
want
to
dial
into.
As
I
mentioned,
the
hyperledger
community
is
a
global
community,
and
today
we're
going
to
delve
into
the
latest
trends
and
opportunities
related
to
digital
identity,
Central,
Bank,
digital
currencies
and
other
important
use
cases
where
blockchain
is
really
core
to
the
solution.
A
The
participants
today
are
going
to
learn
from
some
of
these
leaders
we're
going
to
break
the
webinar
into
two
parts.
The
first
section
will
be
a
webinar
that
will
have
our
our
associate
members
from
the
European
blockchain
Association,
the
digital
pound
foundation
and
a
digital
Euro
Association.
All
three
are
members
of
the
hyperledger
foundation
really
helping
us
collaborate
in
the
European
market
with
a
lot
of
the
projects
that
are
certainly
going
on
there,
so
I'm
looking
forward
to
digging
into
it.
A
Our
second
part
of
the
session
will
be
with
alastria
and
Epsy,
and
it
will
really
be
about
some
of
the
implementations
that
were
seeing
in
the
European
Union
and
some
of
the
advances
that
and
opportunities
that
they
see
as
well.
For
those
of
you
who
don't
know
me,
I'm
Daniella,
Barbosa
I'm,
the
executive
director
of
the
hyperledger
foundation,
I've,
been
here
with
the
hyperledger
foundation
since
2017.,
and
really
seen
the
changes
and
the
adoption
rate
in
Europe
over
the
last
few
years
really
accelerate.
A
So
I'm
very
excited
about
today's
panel
discussion
with
the
members
of
our
foundation
and
our
community
as
well.
So
I'd
like
to
go
ahead
and
Erwin
Claire
and
Conrad.
If
you
can
go
ahead
and
turn
on
your
videos
and
who's
and
Maxine.
If
you
can
turn
off
your
videos
for
this
part
of
the
session,
we'll
get
you
back
on
and
I
want
to
I'm
going
to
go
ahead
and
stop
sharing
and
see.
A
If
I
can
do
that
here,
you
go
and
you
should
be
able
to
now
see
us
all
and
let's
go
ahead
and
introduce
ourselves.
If
the
three
of
you
can't
give
a
little
introduction,
introduce
yourself
to
the
organization
and
what
your
missions
goals
are,
we
have
a
very
Global
audience
who
might
not
be
aware
of
what
your
associations
and
Foundations
are
working
on
so
Irwin?
Do
you
want
to
go
ahead
and
get
started.
B
Sure
thank
you
first
of
all
happy
to
be
here
and
representing
the
the
EPA
in
this
webinar.
So
my
name
is
Rowan
Walter
I'm,
the
head
of
policy
at
the
European
blockchain
Association
I'm,
a
former
regulator.
I've
worked
with
European
commission
I'm
European
Central
Bank
at
the
EBA
I
basically
need
research
and
advocacy
between
the
Webster
Community,
the
private
sector
and
public
sector
institutions,
including
obviously
EU
institutions,
the
EBA.
You
know
we're
we're
structured
as
a
semi,
decentralized
autonomous
organization,
and
that
are
our.
You
know.
B
Our
governance
decisions
are
driven
by
snapshot
voting,
but
then
we
also
have
a
certain
number
of
working
groups
that
cut
across
everything
from
from
SSI
digital
identity
to
data
governance,
tokenization
entities
staking
and
my
job
or
my
day-to-day
activities
really
revolve
around
coordinating
those
initiatives
across
our
working
groups.
Whenever.
A
Indeed,
indeed,
thank
you,
everyone
and
we're
looking
forward
to
to
to
digging
a
little
bit
deeper
into
that
regulatory
landscape,
which
I
know
a
lot
of
people
are
very
interested
in
worldwide
as
well.
So
a
wonderful
thank
you
Claire.
If
you
can
do
the
same,
introduce
yourself
and
give
us
a
little
bit
of
overview
of
the
organization.
Yeah.
C
Sure,
thank
you
yep
hi
there.
My
name
is
Claire
Combee
I'm,
the
operations
and
governance
lead
at
the
digital
pound,
Foundation
I'm,
also
co-founder
and
chief
risk
officer
for
an
organization
called
One,
Step
financial
and
we
design
programmable
payment
platforms
and
focusing
on
mass
payouts
such
as
refunds,
incentives,
payments
to
Temporary
workers
and
things
like
that.
C
We
run
several
working
groups
focusing
on
topics
exactly
as
I've
just
described,
but
equally
very,
very
active
in
the
policy
legal
and
Regulatory
space.
So
we
work
closely
with
policy
makers,
so
you
can
influence
Regulators,
really
with
a
view
to
making
sure
that
the
challenges
are
well
understood
and
that
we
can
support
the
UK
as
they
continue
to
be
a
leader
in
Innovation
relating
to
kind
of
fintechs
and
new
forms
of
money.
Our
members
consist
of
a
variety
of
institutional
members.
C
We
do
also
have
some
individual
expert
members
as
well,
but
through
a
variety
of
discussions,
debates.
Events
like
this
webinars
and
round
tables,
and
things
like
that.
We
really
want
to
have
a
strong
voice
to
be
able
to
influence
and
educate
in
all
things
relating
to
cbdc's
and
new
forms
of
digital
money.
A
D
Sure
my
name
is
Conrad
Croft
I'm
executive
director
at
the
digital
Euro
Association
and
we're
the
largest
independent
Association
in
Europe,
dedicated
to
fostering
you
know,
understanding
around
and
shaping
the
discourse
around
digital
currencies,
especially
Central
black
digital
currencies,
as
well
as
stable
coins
denominated
in
the
Euro.
We
we
focus
on
on
promoting
knowledge,
exchange
and
education,
about
digital
money
and
fostering
collaborations
between
our
multi-disciplinary
Global
community
of
digital
money
enthusiasts
and
experts.
Interestingly
enough
clear
is
one
of
them
and
you
know
towards
the
public
good.
D
Ultimately,
we
want
to
ensure
that
digital
money
goes
towards
the
public
good
and
that
no
one
is
disadvantaged
as
a
result
of
the
implementation
of
digital
money.
Of
course
likely
I
mentioned.
This
includes
topics
such
as
privacy,
offline
payments,
just
a
well-considered
CBD
see
such
that
no
one
is
disadvantaged
like
I
mentioned
earlier,
and
that
the
financial
system
is
integrity
and
robustness
and
resilience
is
enhanced
rather
than
diminished.
We
have,
for.
D
We
have
working
groups
there
that
consist
of
the
of
various
stakeholders
as
well
as
experts,
and
we
focus
on
matters
such
as
you
know:
machine
to
machine
payments,
for
instance
working
groups
on
tokenized,
Commercial,
Bank,
money
and
others.
We
also
form
parts
of
a
very
integral
part
of
the
digital
Euro
project,
which
is
a
stakeholder
engagement,
and
we
are
regular
contributors
towards
the
these
Civil
Society
seminars.
D
A
I
think
you
know
what
what
I
heard
and
I
think.
Hopefully
the
audience
heard
as
well
is
that
you
know
here's
three
groups.
You
know
working
uniquely
in
the
market,
for
you
know
your
your
mission
and
goals
and
your
specific
use
cases,
but
that
there's
a
lot
of
overlap
right,
there's
a
lot
of
overlap
in
this
work
and
I
really.
A
C
The
more
time
that
we
spend
through
the
digital
pound,
Foundation
looking
at
use
cases
and
what
these
new
forms
of
digital
money
can
achieve
within
the
payment
landscape,
the
more
you
know
it
becomes
more
and
more
difficult
to
actually
think
you
know.
Is
there
any
other
way
to
go
other
than
to
be
looking
at
these
new
forms
of
digital
money?
C
You
know
in
the
UK,
for
example,
you
know
the
what
we
have
here
is
kind
of
a
a
legacy
infrastructure
that
isn't
necessarily
well
designed
and
well
suited
for
the
digital
world,
as
we
know
it
today
and
when
you
look
at
cryptocurrencies
and
kind
of
their
underlying
blockchain
DLT
architecture
and
the
benefits
that
can
be
realized
from
that
in
terms
of
efficiencies,
Financial
inclusion,
you
know
and
programmability
as
well.
You
know
I'll
come
to
that
shortly.
C
You
know
it
really
does
strike
me
that
there
was
the
time
to
be
looking
at
a
different
way
of
doing
things.
The
technology
is
there
and
you
know
any
efforts
that
are
taken
to
really
explore
the
differences
that
these
new
technologies
can
make
to
money
and
payments.
As
we
know
them
today
is
you
know,
in
my
view,
efforts
well
spent,
particularly
where
we're
looking
at
countries
that
want
to
be
at
the
Forefront
of
fintech
development.
C
You
know
this
has
to
be
the
way
to
go,
and
you
know
when
we
think
about
what
blockchain
can
bring
to
payments
and
money,
as
we
know
them
today,
the
ability
to
Align
data
and
money
on
the
same
platform,
you
know
eliminates
intermediaries
introduce
programmability.
So
all
of
a
sudden,
you
have
money
that
not
only
is
just
the
transfer
of
a
value
from
A
to
B.
It
can
do
something
smarter
than
that
and
the
whole
concept
of
a
transaction
being
more
than
just
a
payment,
really
becomes
quite
exciting
and
compelling.
C
So
when
I
talk
about
programmability,
you
know
I'm,
not
by
the
way
talking
about
programmable
money,
where
we're
talking
about
kind
of
control,
role
in
what
people
can
spend
their
money
on.
What
I'm
talking
about
is
programmable
payments,
where
you
can
now
embed
rules
and
conditions
into
the
release
of
particular
payments.
So,
for
example,
if
you
were
to
have
migrant
workers
looking
for
immediate
payment
upon
completion
of
a
task,
you
validate
that
the
task
has
been
completed
and
within
the
same
platform,
the
funds
can
be
released
and
payments
can
be
received
instantly.
C
You
know
real
kind
of
use
case
benefits
here
and
where
we
have
small
micro
payments
that
go
in
through
the
traditional
payments
architecture
are
actually
really
clunky,
operationally
burdensome,
potentially
even
more
expensive,
actually
than
the
amount
of
money
that's
being
transferred
by
eliminating
intermediaries
and
using
a
blockchain
based
platform.
All
of
a
sudden,
there
are
efficiencies
that
can
be
realized
here
that
can
make
a
difference
not
only
to
the
user,
but
also
to
those
people
wishing
to
make
the
payments
and
government
grant
disbursements,
for
example,
any
kind
of
small
clunky
payment.
C
There
are
real
opportunities
here
for
efficiencies
when
we
look
at
programmability
we're
talking
now
about
people
having
control
of
their
money,
making
sure
that
it's
only
released
when
certain
criteria
are
met.
A
more
robust
audit
Trail
making
sure
that
the
recipient
is
indeed
the
correct
recipient.
There
are
so
many
opportunities
here,
but
of
course,
we
have
to
make
sure
that
any
new
forms
of
digital
money
are
well
designed
and
so
that
they
have
the
appropriate
level
of
security
of
trust,
privacy,
digital
identity.
C
All
these
things
that
really
matter
to
the
user
have
to
be
well
thought
through,
because
people
are
only
going
to
use
these
new
forms
of
money
if
they
have
trust
in
them.
You
know,
and
that's
essentially,
what
the
digital
power
Foundation
is
all
about.
Is
that
balance
of
innovation
and
an
excitement
about
what
could
be
achieved
whilst
making
sure
that
this
is
a
safe,
reliable,
stable
form
of
money
that
is
suitable
for
the
General
Public?
Indeed,.
A
You
know
it's
great
to
hear
from
a
technology
perspective,
there's
lots
of
different
options
and
different
approaches,
but
the
technology
is
there.
It's
been
proven,
you
know
in
ourselves.
In
the
hyperledger
foundation,
we
have
various
projects
that
are
being
used
in
in
some
of
these
projects
worldwide,
including
hyper
electric
Fabric
and
hyperledger
bazoo
and
hyperledger.
A
So
the
Technologies
there,
the
community's
there
and
it's
really
great
to
see
for
someone
like
myself
who's,
been
you
know,
building
these
Technologies
and
working
with
the
community
over
the
last
seven
years.
Now
it's
seeing
the
application
discussions
and
implementations
going
forward
as
well
con
Conrad.
Maybe
you
can
speak
a
bit
to
some
of
the
the
the
questions
around
privacy
and
confidentiality
but
Claire
hit
upon
you
know
in
in
her
or
her
discussion
point
there.
D
Well,
of
course,
we
know
that
privacy
around
cbdc's
has
become
quite
a
Hot
Topic,
even
going
as
far
as
being
a
political
touch
point
now,
especially
in
the
US
and
other
places,
we've
seen
how
people
have
perhaps
miscon
understood,
what's
going
on
with
regards
to
privacy
and
cbdc's
I,
do
want
to
just
make
this
statement
and
say
that
cbdcs
are
a
payment
option.
They
are
complement
to
cash
and
not
a
payment
obligation.
I
think
a
lot
of
people
are
under
the
impression
that
cbdcs
will
be
obligatory
in
terms
of
how
you
pay.
D
Obviously
we
at
the
deer
are
strong
advocates
for
privacy
guarantees
by
default.
We
under
understand
is
a
natural
tension
between
privacy
guarantees,
as
well
as
AML
and
CFT
compliance,
and
this
has
been
a
long-standing
tension.
That's
existed.
Technology
is
available
to
perhaps
resolve
some
of
these
conflicts,
and
if
we
have
a
look
at
what
the
ECB
is
has
basically
spoken
about
with
regards
to
privacy,
they
do
acknowledge
that
privacy.
You
know,
based
on
the
first
public
consultation
on
the
digital
Euro.
D
It
was
actually
noted
that
privacy
was
that
was
number
one
or
chief
among
the
concerns
of
respondents
and
I.
Think
the
ECB
has
listened
to
that,
as
well
as
the
cause
of
many
institutions
such
as
ourselves,
and
they
understand
that
privacy
exists
on
the
Spectrum.
That's
from
fully
Anonymous
payments,
similar
to
what
we
have
as
cash
these
days
and
then
fully
transparent
to
the
central
bank
as
it
were.
D
The
Baseline
application
at
present
for
digital
payments
are
that
some
sort
of
intermediary
has,
if
you're
going
to
pay
from
a
digital
perspective,
has
access
to
your
your
kyc
data,
or
at
least
the
transaction
data.
These
types
of
things,
so
the
ECB
has
explored
something
called
the
tiered
approach
to
privacy,
which
is
one
that's
currently
being
investigated.
D
D
Add
of
cbdc's,
for
instance,
the
ability
to
have
digital
offline
private
payments,
which
is
currently
not
something
that
is
widely
available,
at
least
to
my
knowledge,
and
because
a
lot
of
people
ask
what
are
the
benefits
of
cbtcs,
for
instance,
that
being
one
I
just
want
to
throw
that
out
there,
and
then
also
our
working
group
recently
issued
a
paper
on
privacy
and
cbdc's.
You
can
check
it
out
on
our
website
and
we
do
explore.
D
Technologies
such
as
DL
those
using
DLT
are
popularized
by
DLT
such
as
zero
knowledge
proofs
and
then
also
Hardware
Solutions,
like
trusted
encryption
environments,
and
then
we
also
make
a
few
policy
recommendations
with
regards
to
the
monitoring
of
how
data
is
utilized
and
also
in
enforcing
a
strong
regulatory
regime
to
penalize
any
privacy
violations
that
do
take
place,
because
we
do
know
that
the
promise
of
codc
is
one.
That's
smoother
transaction
flows
across
borders.
How
does
this?
What
does
this
mean?
D
For
you
know
data
or
payments
traversing
from
a
high
regulatory
environment
to
a
low
or
from
a
low
to
a
high
privacy
guaranteeing
or
respecting
environment.
So
these
are
some
of
the
the
ways
in
which
you
know
technology
such
as
zero
knowledge
proofs,
for
instance,
can
you
know,
really
strengthen
and
enhance
the
Privacy
guarantees,
even
within
cbdc's.
A
Indeed,
dude
I
think
you
know
education
at
down
to
the
individual
level.
The
consumer
level
is
so
important
here.
There's
some
great
work
across
the
three
organizations:
lots
of
great
papers-
lots
of
you
know,
presentations
and
stuff
that
you
know
that
I
do
think
needs
to
be
at
a
high
level
across
the
world.
Here
are
the
the
basic
principles
of
it.
So
thank
you
all
for
for
putting
that
information
together
and
out
there
as
well
Erin.
A
You
know
one
of
the
things
obviously
and
Conrad
and
Claire
hid
upon
this
is
kind
of
the
regulatory
requirements
and
how
digital
currencies
are
going
to
be.
You
know
regulated
in
in
the
world,
but
it's
more,
you
know
also
digital
assets
and
a
lot
of
the
digilitation
of
tokens
worldwide.
Can
you
tell
us
a
little
bit
about
the
landscape?
That's
currently
involving
in
Europe
around
blockchain,
and
what
you
think
this
will
have
adoption
in
Europe
and
worldwide?
B
Start
be
good
to
give
an
overview
of
perhaps
the
digital
Finance
package,
and
then
we
can
get
into
things
like
anti-money,
login
regulations
and
so
on.
So
so,
Europe
adopted
the
the
digital
Finance
package
in
in
iterative
stages
started
with
the
digital
operational
resilience
act,
which
essentially
kind
of
repents.
This
ICT
third
party
risk
management,
assessor
requirements,
service
manager,
rulebooks
for
financial
institutions,
credit
institutions
and
also
there's
there's
a
carve
out
section
there
for
crypto
asset
service
providers,
which
is
more
so
on.
B
The
regulation,
the
directive
and,
for
example,
the
csdr
and
then
the
big
one,
obviously
for
everybody's
most
excited
about,
is
the
market
same
crypto
assets
regulation,
which
is
now
making
its
way
actually
I
think
it
has
already
made
its
way
through
the
Council
of
the
European
Union
and
should
be
adopted
soon
and
published
in
the
official
journal.
And
what
Mika
does
essentially
I
mean
it's
it's
a
man
piece
of
legislation,
so
it
comprises
nine
titles.
B
Six
annexes,
like
it's
over
500
pages
long
and
essentially
covers
six
main
things,
so:
transparency
to
closure
and
disclosure
requirements
for
the
issuance,
the
offering
to
the
public
and
admission
of
trading
of
crypto
assets
to
crypto
asset
trading
platforms,
for
example.
It
has
authorization,
authorization,
supervision
requirements
for
asset
cryptos
service
providers
and
for
the
issuers
of
stable
coins
defined
as
asset
reference
tokens
and
also
for
e-money
tokens.
B
It
has
requirements
for
the
operation
and
organ
pardon
me.
The
operation
organization
and
governance
of
issuers,
protections
on
holders
of
crypto
assets
that
are
also
connected
to
the
issuance
and
offering
and
the
public
admission
of
those
crypto
options,
crypto
assets
and
their
trading
protections
for
the
clients
of
crypto
assets
and
then
also
requirements
to
prevent
Insider
dealing,
Market
abuse
and
and
Market
manipulation.
B
The
big
chunk
of
Mika,
aside
from
establishing
definitions
for
crypto
assets,
let's
say
requirements
for
crypto
service
providers
is
really
this.
This
asset
reference
token
and
and
e-money
token
regulation.
So
that's
entitled
three
title.
Four,
a
title,
two
title
three
and
title
four
of
Nika:
now
the
established
across
the
board
requirements
for
crypto
asset
issuers,
the
property
for
assets,
asset
reference,
token
issuers
and
e-money
token
issuers,
and
that
they
have
to
be
established
legal
persons
and
produce
a
white
paper.
B
If
you
have
Facebook
with
its
billions
of
users
and
IT
issues,
its
own
currency
would
be
largest
currency
area
in
the
world
right.
So
obviously,
from
a
government
perspective,
these
regulations
and
they're
very
strict
I,
have
to
admit
when
it
comes
to
stable
coins
in
Europe,
they
are,
they
are
robust
and
they
they
have.
B
They
can
for
a
large
supervisory
authorities
in
ECB,
esma
and
the
EBA,
but
they're
done
so
in
a
way
that
obviously
has
to
kind
of
square
with
what
the
ECB
does
in
terms
of
monetary
policy,
and
then
you
have
D5,
which
is
technically
out
of
scope.
However,
within
the
anti-money
laundering
regulations,
you
know
you
have
this.
B
This
argument
that,
for
example,
nft
service
providers
are
obliged
entities,
even
though,
for
example,
nfts
also
are
are
out
of
scope,
should
be
out
of
Scope
when
it
comes
to
mecap,
they're,
they're,
unique
condition
in
the
series.
The
argument
there
and
I
find
it's
a
little
confusing.
It's
like
okay,
for
example,
if
I'm,
if
I'm
open
C,
you
know
and
I'm
an
nft
service
provider,
and
then
I
have
I'm
facilitating
the
the
transfer
of
nfts
but
the
actual
transfer.
Those
nfts
has
done
P2P
through
vibrant
protocol.
B
How
do
we
look
at
develop
reliability?
How
do
we
look
at
product
licensing
standards?
How
do
we
look
at
Dows
from
the
legal
perspective
and
legal
standing
for
Dallas?
How
do
you
look
at
algorithmic
stable
coins
and
then
what
are
the
benefits
of
the
drawbacks
of
public
permissions,
blockchains
versus
permission,
blockchains
versus
the
use
for
consorters
ETC?
So
this
is
kind
of
the
way
that
the
regulation
is
slowly
developing.
Now
we
have
about
18
months
after
Mika
enters
into
force,
in
which
the
commission
should
come
with
some
sort
of
assessment,
study
or
Report.
B
It
doesn't
provide
the
necessary
confidence
for
the
space,
and
even
if
rules
might
err
on
the
side
of
caution,
they
still
do
provide
a
certain
modicum
of
workability,
especially
for
companies
that
have
product
Suites
that
are
kind
of
not
exactly
aligned
with
what
you've
seen
traditional
Finance
in
that,
for
example,
a
traditional
exchange,
you
know
tried.
Five
sense
is
not
exactly
how
an
exchange
in
itself
operates
in
in
in
crypto,
in
the
C5
space,
and
when
you
get
the
D5.
B
This
problem
is
compounded
at
infinitive
right,
so
it
becomes
necessary
then,
to
provide
that
that
regulator,
that
regulatory
architecture,
as
as
a
basic
principle
and
Europe,
is
honestly
the
largest
Advanced
economy,
to
do
so.
In
the
world,
so
this
is
a
mandate
piece
of
work
that
has
gone
and
Mika
has
been
on
underway
for
about
five
years
now.
So
it's
not
like
it
happened
overnight
and
we've
had
a
lot
of
ups
and
downs,
but
I
I
do
also
believe
that
the
space
will
be
better
for
it.
B
Time
will
tell
as
to
whether
we
have
now
an
80
flux
of
applicants
for
crypto
assets
or
Supply
licenses
from
other
jurisdictions,
and
whether
you're
going
to
see
an
exodus
in
a
brain
drain.
I
know
that
some
major
players,
also
in
the
US,
have
been
in
in
the
UAE
recently,
for
example.
So
you
have
the
idea
that
regulatory
regulatory,
Arbitrage
and
Regulatory
shopping
is
is
a
very
real
concern.
When
you
have
companies
that
operate
with
economies
of
stale
and
I
think
that
Europe
could
be
well
positioned
to
take
advantage
of
that.
A
Right
right-
and
it's
definitely
interesting-
you
know
I'm
sure
we
can
deep
dive
for
hours
and
hours.
What
we
wanted
to
do
today
is
make
sure
that
our
hyperledger
community,
which
is
really
a
developer,
an
open
source
developer
community
building
the
the
tools
that
are
going
to
power.
A
lot
of
these
new
systems
is
aware
of
where
the
work
is
being
done
and
how
they
can
get
involved.
So
before
we
go
off
to
the
next
panel,
Claire
Conrad
and
Irwin.
C
Okay,
so
yeah
so
from
a
digital
pound,
Foundation
perspective.
We
are
member
LED
if
you're
interested
in
joining
us
as
a
member,
then
just
look
on
our
website,
digital
poundfoundation.com
or,
of
course,
contact
me
directly.
We
do
also
run
a
variety
of
webinars
and
events.
Obviously
you
don't
need
to
be
a
member
to
to
join
and
we
publish
a
variety
of
written
work
as
well.
So
again,
you
know,
if
you
go
to
the
website,
you
can
subscribe
for
our
newsletter
and
keep
up
to
date.
That
way.
A
D
B
We
also
have
like,
as
I
mentioned
before,
several
different
working
groups
that
you
can
get
involved
in
either
as
a
as
a
member
with
regards
to
organization
or
as
an
independent
expert.
You
can
also
reach
out
to
me
personally
on
LinkedIn
or
find
us
on
on
LinkedIn
and
on
Twitter
shoot
us
a
message.
Otherwise,
the
information
is
on
our
website
as
regards
to
our
current
initiatives,
and
we
are
always
looking
to
collaborate
with
with
industry
partners.
A
Well,
thank
you
all
for
joining
us.
There's
a
lot
of
great
work
on
all
these
websites
and
lots
of
things
to
spend
very
long
weekends
reading,
which
I
very
often
do
so.
Thank
you
all
for
all
the
work
that
you
do
and
support
of
the
community
I'm
going
to
go
ahead
and
if
you
can
turn
off
your
videos
and
have
Maxine
and
who's
join
via
video,
please
go
ahead.
A
If
you
have
questions
for
any
of
those
panelists,
please
go
ahead
and
put
it
in
the
Q,
a
box
and
Conrad
Irwin
and
Claire.
If
you
can
answer
some
questions
that
might
come
in,
that
would
be
great
as
well.
So
let's
go
on
to
the
next
part
of
our
discussion.
I
said,
as
I
said,
when
I
introd,
we
really
just
want
to
do
an
introduction
where,
where
these
organizations
how
these
organizations
are
working,
so
we
hope
that
you
found
that
valuable
and
we'll
post
additional
links
to
after
the
webinar
as
well.
A
E
E
So
with
all
of
that
said,
Epsy
is
actually
well
it's
in
the
name.
You
know
European
blockchain,
Services
infrastructure
and
it
started
out
in
2018
as
a
blockchain
Innovation
project,
an
attempt
of
the
government
to
get
into
D
technological
innovation
landscape.
It
has
since
evolved
a
lot.
So
obviously,
a
big
part
of
what
we
do
is
enable
the
orchestration
of
a
blockchain
public
permissions
networks,
not
permissionless,
very
important
for
the
discussion
and
that's
one
big
part
of
what
we
do
providing
this
infrastructure.
E
That
is
hosted
by
member
states
of
the
European
Union
and
up
by
the
commission
itself,
but
a
large
part
of
what
we
actually
do-
and
this
relates
into
discussion.
I
believe
you
want
to
have-
is
facilitate
the
implementation
of
european-wide
use
cases
and
the
development
of
the
ecosystems
that
can
actually
adopt
the
use
cases
using
blockchain.
So
we
develop
a
lot
of
specifications
mostly
and
we
work
with
business.
A
Excellent
great
thank
you
yeah,
and
you
know
the
the
the
work
that
you've
been
doing.
You
said
since
2018
I
mean
obviously
a
lot
of
the
technologists
were
looking
at
blockchain
even
prior
to
that
I
think
is
one
of
the
you
know
the
earliest
in
in
in
around
the
globe.
Honestly,
in
doing
these
experimentations
so
and
we'll
die,
hopefully
we'll
have
an
opportunity
to
dig
a
little
bit
into
your
choices
as
well
excellent,
all
right
who's.
Do
you
want
to
go
next.
F
Okay,
thank
you,
so
What
What
In
order
to
explain
what
I'm
doing
right
now.
Okay,
I
would
say
that
in
1985,
I
started
collaborating
with
many
many
other
people
in
building
the
retail
banking
infrastructure,
which
was
needed.
Remember
no
internet
at
that
time,
and
Retail
banking
for
all
the
devices
in
contact
with
the
customers
and
then,
of
course,
all
the
payments,
the
payment
infrastructure
of
the
world,
because
I
was
in
IBM
by
the
way.
Okay
and
then
those
things
needed
some
things
which
were
critical.
F
One
is
infrastructure,
actually
communication
networks
and
how
to
exchange
information
between
the
different
entities
and,
of
course,
identity.
Now
I'm
doing
the
same.
Basically,
but
now
this
is
the
next
step
of
infrastructure.
So
in
Alaska,
when
we
started,
we
started
because
we
thought
blockchain
will
change
the
world,
but
we
were
missing
an
infrastructure
with
some
properties:
okay,
which
is
the
public
permission
model,
something
like
the
public
data
networks.
Then
you
had
ethereum
and
another
level
which
are
very
good
for
some
use
cases
and
very
bad
for
some
other
use
cases.
F
So
for
the
real
economy,
we
needed
a
different
type
of
infrastructure,
so
we
were
focusing
on
the
infrastructure
and
then,
of
course,
on
the
identity.
So
we
are
started
in
1917
before
FC
was
created,
but
then
incredibly
well.
Unfortunately,
the
European
commission
started
this
initiative
and
then
well.
Fc
is
the
the
let's
say
the
framework.
This
is
the
the
something
that
doesn't
exist
anywhere
in
the
world
is
a
Pioneer,
but
in
the
last
year
we
are
just
fans
of
FC.
F
We
are
hoping,
FC
is
put
in
production
and
it's
successful,
because
we
need
this
for
implementing
all
the
use
cases
that
we
need
and
also
an
infrastructure
at
the
national
level,
which
complements
the
infrastructure
at
the
pan
European
for
cross-border
services.
We
need
also
infrastructure
for
local
Services
I
mean
in
in
in
in
Spain.
You
have
8
000
local
governments,
you
have
I,
don't
know
how
many
100
thousands
of
businesses
and
then
customers.
So
you
know
to
get
capillarity.
F
We
need
something
like
the
Internet,
it's
a
network
of
networks,
okay
and
it
all
started
with
different
networks,
especially
in
Europe
in
72,
which
were
not
talking
to
each
other.
There
was
not
a
framework
for
trust.
There
was
not
a
common
thing
or
a
common
way
to
do
this,
and
this
fragmentation
was
horrible.
Okay,
now,
thanks
to
FC
I
think
this
is
not
going
to
happen
in
Europe
with
the
blockchain
space
and
I.
Think
FC
is
going
to
structure
the
global
framework.
F
So
then
all
the
local
Industries,
the
national
initiatives,
for
example
the
one
in
Spain,
are
going
to
be
in
trouble
with
FC
and
then
just
adding
value
to
Etsy
and
then
being
able
to
have
the
capitality,
which
is
needed
for
all
the
society
and
the
use
cases.
Basically,
by
the
way
we
are
focused,
what
alastria
is
a
big
organization
is
500
members
and
so
on.
So
there
are
many
different.
F
Ways
of
thinking
my
idea,
I,
am
focused
right
now,
because
I've
been
37
years
in
in
banking,
in
payments
and
so
on,
but
in
order
to
pay
payments
are
very
good
only
if
people
have
money
to
pay
and
only
if
there
are
some
Goods
to
pay
okay.
So
payments
is
not
for
me,
the
most
important
thing
in
the
society.
The
most
important
thing
is
the
people.
Okay,
so
they
have
money.
F
A
Who's
and
I
think
so.
The
interoperability
story
is
an
important
one
right
and
I.
You
know
we
agree.
Fc's
leadership
in
that
is
going
to
be
quite
helpful
for
the
rest
of
the
the
local
infrastructure.
Tell
me,
you
know
a
little
bit
about
the
use
cases
that
you're,
seeing
currently
being
implemented
or
being
discussed
for
illustria
I
just
spent
a
day
recently
with
you
know
some
government
officials
talking
about
blockchain,
the
not
crypto
blockchain
use
cases
and
a
lot
of
these
use
cases
they're
just
not
aware
right.
A
They're,
like
oh
I,
didn't
know
blockchain
did
that
right
or
we
would
be
able
to
run
credentialing
would
be
able
to
run
these
kind
of
use
cases
so
tell
us
a
little
bit
about
in
in
Spain
what
illustrious
is
seeing.
What
kind
of
companies
and
organizations
are
coming
to
the
table
to
use
illustria
for
okay.
F
F
But
with
identities,
okay,
because
by
the
way
you
cannot-
and
this
is
the
first
use
case-
because
if
you
want
something
which
is
a
common
good-
is
inclusive
and
should
be
decentralized
and
it's
a
scarce
is
not
infinite.
Then
you
need
identities.
Anonymous
things
don't
work
for
this
okay
and
then
you
can.
You
have
a
you,
need
a
governance
model
which
is
in
order
to
be
inclusive.
It's
a
canopy
based
just
on
economic
incentives.
F
So
if
you
want
Financial
use
cases,
okay,
that's
fantastic,
but
what
we
are
seeing
in
the
networks
of
Alaska
are
what
I
call
notarization
or
traceability.
So
you
have
two
types
of
use:
cases
in
blockchain.
Let's
say
assets,
digital
assets
in
the
blockchain
like
cryptocurrencies
or
tokenization
or
whatever,
and
then
you
have
transability.
So
you
have
authorization.
You
have
to
prove
the
existence
of
something
which
exists
outside
in
the
real
economy.
The
most
important
use
cases
are
just
the
the
traceability
and
identity.
F
For
example,
identity
cannot
be
talking,
nice
identity
cannot
be
put
in
an
nft
because
you
don't
sell
your
identity.
Okay,
you
don't
have
a
secondary
market
for
those
things,
so
diplomas
diplomas
cannot
be
talking
nice,
they
have
to
beat
threshold,
so
you
need
verified
credentials,
so
verified
credentials
are
the
things
that
we
see
in
many
use
cases
because
they
proof
or
they
State
something
about
something
that
exists
outside.
So
the
main
use
cases
we
are
seeing
is
stressability
of
food.
For
example,
there
is
a
big
company
tracing
ham.
F
Okay
ham
is
a
very
good
problem
from
Spain.
This
is
done
in
the
in
the
Alaska
Network.
Those
use
cases
are
especially
in
the
sense
that
you
don't
have
tokens.
You
don't
have
digital
assets.
Interoperability
is
easier
because
you
can
say
the
same
thing
about
the
about
the
car.
You
can
say
this
in
many
different
places:
okay,
because
you
only
have
to
prove
that
this
is
the
owner,
the
owner
of
this,
this
guy
and
whatever
you
know
the
top.
You
don't
need
tokenization
so
for
verified
credentials
for
trust.
F
Frameworks,
okay,
trash
Frameworks
are
are
critical
foundation
of
the
of
the
economy,
so
trust
Frameworks,
neither
blockchain
just
for
the
hyper
replication,
the
robustness,
the
transparency
and
so
on.
But
you
don't
transact,
so
what
we
are
seeing
are
use
cases
that
do
not
require
transacting.
It's
just
the
proof
of
the
existence
of
something
in
the
past.
F
E
And
and
zoom
out,
because
I,
what
you're?
What
you're
saying
also
is
gonna
touch
upon
a
point
that
I
really
wanted
to
make,
but
to
zoom
out
a
little
bit
because
I'm
not
sure
how
familiar
our
all
our
participants
are
with
the
architecture
of
FC
as
it
stands
currently
and
what
you've
described,
which
is
the
verifiable
credentials.
Information
sharing
pattern.
E
So
if
you
were
to
think
about
what
FC
is
today,
obviously
we
have.
We
are
developing
a
number
of
use
cases
that
Jesus
was
mentioning,
but
those
don't
have
the
mature
specifications
that
we
have
published.
We,
we
always
everything
that
we
feel
is
mature
enough
to
be
shared
with
the
world.
We
publish
it's
open
on
our
website.
Everything
can
be
accessed.
All
of
our
specifications
are
there
that
we
are
happy
to
share,
because
we
believe
that
they
work
and
they've
been
tested
with
users.
E
So
what
we
have
currently,
what
we
consider
to
be
mature
in
terms
of
use
cases
is
first
of
all
we
have
the
infrastructure,
so
we
have
a
blockchain
Network
that
is
public
permissioned
permissioned,
in
the
sense
that
the
privilege
to
write
is
only
granted.
So
our
smart
contracts
are
not
open.
You
can't
just
build
a
decentralized
app
on
Ipsy.
The
privilege
to
write
is
only
granted
to
certain
authorized
entities
and
I
will
get
into
that
in
a
moment.
Also
permissioned
in
a
sense
that
not
just
anyone
can
operate
a
node.
E
We
developed
a
software
package
that
is
open
source
that
is
based
on
hyperledger
bezu.
So
it's
a
kind
of
you
know
it's
a
kind
of
ethereum,
but
we
have
our
own
blockchain
network,
our
interpretation,
our
own
protocols,
and
we
distribute
that
that
software
package
people
are
free
to
use
it
to
set
up
any
network
that
they
want
on
their
own,
but
to
peer
with
the
other
nodes
in
the
Epson
Network.
We
do
kyc
and
typically
it's
only
government
or
proto-governmental
entities
that
are
able
to
host
them
because
of
our
security
requirements.
E
So
that's
the
permission.
Part
it's
public
because
read
access
is
open
to
everyone,
but
read
access
again
is
a
via
apis.
So
it's
not
just
that
you
and
I
could
I
mean
you.
Could
it
would
not
be
extremely
Pleasant?
You
and
I
could
just
look
at
The
Ledger
and
look
on
a
block,
Explorer
and
just
read
information
on
there,
so
that
is
one
part
of
what
we
do
orchestrating
the
network.
Currently,
we
don't
have
a
production
Network.
E
We
have
a
pilot
Network
that
pretty
much
is
production
grade
and
that
pilot
network
is
used
to
deploy
test
versions
of
the
major
use
case
that
we
have,
which
is
called
verifiable
credentials
and
verifiable
credentials
is
well.
If
you
refer
just
to
the
name,
it's
actually
just
a
data
model
and
we
built
a
profile
on
top
of
it.
But
fundamentally
it's
a
data
sharing
pattern.
You
have
a
lot
of
information
sharing
patterns.
Some
of
them
are
machine
to
machine.
E
It's
like
a
four
corner
model,
the
verifiable
credentials
exchange
pattern
is
also
what
some
people
think
about
when
they
think
about
self-sovereign
information
exchange
where
the
holder
of
information
that
keeps
all
the
claims
which
you've
described
very
well.
The
claims
can
be
pertaining
to
your
identity,
to
your
achievements,
which
some
people
also
call
attestations
in
some
Fields.
You
know
when
we
discuss
all
about
tokens.
They
can
also
been
expressed
as
attestations.
E
Immutability
is
really
bad
for
a
lot
of
things.
It's
simply
just
bad
for
a
lot
of
human
interactions
and
for
a
lot
of
information
sharing
patterns,
but
having
a
chronological
append.
Only
record
of
information
is
good,
for
that
cannot
be
amended,
is
in
the
case
of
verifiable
credentials,
keeping
a
registry
of
accredited
organizations
that
are
mandated
to
issue
something
and
I
will
illustrate
this
with
an
example
and
then
maybe
Jesus.
You
want
to
jump
in.
E
So
it's
really
simple.
The
example
is,
for
example,
use
finished,
studying
at
a
university.
You
want
to
collect
your
Master's
diploma
instead
of
a
signed,
PDF
and
electronically
signed
PDF
or
a
piece
of
paper
with
a
stamp.
You
will
request
a
diploma
in
a
new
format
for
verifiable
credentials,
store
it
on
a
digital
wallet.
The
storage
is
local,
and
only
you
can
access
it.
E
Simplifying
greatly
and
so.
I
actually
saw
a
very
interesting
question
in
the
Q,
a
which
is,
and
ultimately
the
blockchain
becomes
just
another
intermediary,
and
in
this
particular
pattern
it
does,
but
not
in
the
sense
that
we
understand,
like
you
know
so.
So
what
you
have
here
is
a
pattern
where
issuers
and
verifiers
don't
talk
to
each
other
anymore.
The
holder
of
the
data
presents
his
or
her
or
their
data
and
any
part
of
it
that
they
judge
necessary
to
make
the
claim
that
they
want.
E
They
don't
need
to
show
all
of
the
information
at
once.
They
have
absolute
discretion
on
what
they
choose
to
show
to
whom,
but
there
still
needs
to
be
a
system
that
allows
for
whoever
has
shown
information
to
verify
a
claim.
The
old
way
to
do
it
is
to
call
home
to
your
phone
home.
You
call
the
issuer
and
you
check.
Did
this
person
study
at
your
University?
That
is
privacy
breaking
you
know
in
theory,
that
creates
correlation.
E
The
other
way
is
to
put
something
in
between
the
issuer
and
the
verifier,
and
there
you
can
choose
to
put
a
centralized
solution
or
you
can
choose
to
put
a
decentralized
solution
and
for
a
bunch
of
reason
we
think
that
blockchain
is
good
for
this
kind
of
decentralized
verification
infrastructure.
It's
more
resilient,
it's
privacy,
preserving
you
know
it
doesn't.
It
doesn't
have
a
lot
of
the
processable
problems
that
a
centralized
Gateway
would
have.
So
that
is
an
Essence
where
Etsy
is
at
right
now.
E
We
believe
that
the
role
of
government
in
this
instance
is
to
anticipate
on
some
of
the
future
problems
when
it
comes
to
information
to
avoid
more
centralization,
whether
it
be
by
the
market
or
and
again.
This
is
not
a
policy
statement,
but
we
believe
in
epsy.
The
decentralization
is
better
both
in
the
private
sector
and
the
public
sector,
and
to
in
like
have
some
level
of
standardization,
because
it
isn't
actually
easy
and
simple
for
new
technologies
to
take
off.
Do
you
need
a
lot
of
parts
of
the
marketing
issuers?
E
A
That's
actually
a
fantastic
and
a
very
important
distinction
that
I
think
a
lot
of
people
on
both
sides
of
the
public
and
permission
blockchain.
You
know
Theory
world,
don't
understand
that
how
these
these
infrastructures,
like
Epsy,
are
being
in
the
last
year,
are
being
built
as
well.
Hey
who's.
Do
you
want
to
add.
F
No
I
I
I
wanted
to
say
that
again
people
trying
to
be
extremist.
So
if
you
are
saying
that
this
is
not
good
for
something,
then
you
are
against
something:
no,
those
are
complementary.
Okay,
so
this
type
of
network,
the
public
permission,
has
a
role
in
the
in
the
in
the
in
the
economy.
Okay
and
other
networks
have
another
role.
So,
though,
there's
nothing
which
serves
or
can
solve
all
the
problems
in
the
world.
F
Okay,
nothing,
not
even
Bitcoin
okay,
so
we
need
for
some
problems
with
half
a
specific
problems
right
now
with
traditional
technology.
Blockchain
is
something
that
I
I
never
saw
in
my
40
years
in
banking.
So
building
this
type
of
things
with
a
blockchain
is
an
incredible
and
Powerful
tool
and
then
Japan
European.
By
the
way
we
are
also
in
Europe,
okay,
so
FC,
for
example.
This
is
my
opinion.
Okay,
FC
is
much
more
decentralized
than
ethereum
of
Bitcoin.
F
F
Okay
for
me,
so
the
decentralization
level
of
FC
right
now
is
not
at
the
maximum
Beaker
I
hope
it
evolves
with
more
participation,
but
right
now
it's
starting
so
I
accept
this,
for
example
in
Austria,
because
we
are
not
the
commission
and
we
are
private
sector,
our
level
of
risk
that
we
assume
can
be
higher
in
Alaska.
Anybody
can
participate,
I
mean
if
you
are
a
legal
business
in
or
a
legal
entity
in
in
Europe.
You
can
enter
into
the
network
and
you
can
operate
a
validator
if
you
comply
with
some
operational
policies.
F
This
cannot
be
done
in
FC
for
very
good
reasons,
but
in
Alaska
we're
assuming
the
risk
and
the
network
that
we
are
going
to
build
in
Spain.
Okay
is
going
to
be
based
also
on
this
model,
so
is
something
like
the
internet.
I
mean.
If
you
are
a
provider
of
internet
connection,
you
can
access,
but
then
is
the
centralized
and
the
only
way
to
have
a
real
infrastructure
which
is
for
the
real
economy
is
like
FC
is
building
and
we
are
going
to
adopt
anything
coming
from
FC.
F
We
are
going
to
adopt
in
all
the
other
networks
for
interoperability,
but
this
is
something
that
the
people
on
the
other
side
don't
understand.
They
think
that
we
are
just
building
this
for
any
other
use
case
in
the
world
and
that
ethereum
or
the
or
the
public
Anonymous
networks
are
useless,
no
I'm,
sorry,
but
for
some
use
cases
we
need
what
FC
is
doing,
especially
when
we
need
an
inclusive,
Society.
Okay,
we
have
to
service
all
the
500
million
citizens
in
the
European.
F
Union
not
just
are
given
a
small
percentage
and
we
need
the
real
economy
use
cases
transability,
food
energy,
everything
I
mean
we
make
we.
We
need
to
make
efficiency
the
provision
of
services
from
the
public
Administrations,
okay-
and
this
is
FC,
focusing
on
the
cross
board
the
crossbar.
The
things
are,
there
are
the
most
difficult
thing
in
Spain
we
have
19
Regional
communities
which
have
a
lot
of
power.
A
Excellent
I
know
we're
at
the
top
of
the
hour
now
and
thank
you
for
those
who've
been
asking
questions
and
answers.
I
think
we
could
probably
go
on
for
another
hour
on
this
topic
alone
around.
Why
blockchain
and
how
blockchain
specific
for
these
use
cases,
because
I
do
think,
as
I
mentioned
before,
that
a
lot
of
people
just
don't
understand
the
kind
of
use
cases
and
and
why
blockchain?
F
My
opinion
I
mean
when
I
saw
this
in
in
the
Revelation
that
it
was
included.
I
mean
the
fact
that
electron
judges,
I
said
okay,
I,
don't
know
why.
But
it
is
there
it's
good
when
it
was
removed.
I
said:
okay,
I,
don't
care
because
at
the
end,
okay,
imagine
that
you
have
a
verified
credential,
which
is
a
diploma
very
silly
example.
But
this
is
everywhere
a
diploma
and
you
want
you've
received.
F
You
are
an
employer
and
you
want
to
check
the
digital
signature,
and
you
want
to
check
that
it
was
issued
by
a
public
university
in
Europe
which
is
authorized
to
issue
medical
doctor
diplomas.
How
do
you
do
this
today
impossible?
There
is
not
a
single
database,
but
I
give
you
the
answer.
You
put
all
the
public
universities
in
the
FC
blockchain
and
by
the
way,
who
is
adding
and
removing
universities.
Well,
each
government
I
mean
there
is
no
one
single
entity
in
the
European
commission
managing
all
the
all
the
all
the
universities.
F
E
I'll
just
say
that
you
know
our
first-hand
experience
in
FC
is
that
when
it
comes
to
working
with
Innovative
technology,
it's
really
easy
to
get
stars
in
your
eyes
and
to
almost
get
overwhelmed
by
the
potential.
The
real
hard
work
is
in
working
with
people
who
have
a
real
business
problem
that
they
really
need
to
solve,
and
we
think
that
we
found
something
where
we
can
bring
real
value.
E
I
invite
everyone
who
is
involved
in
these
kinds
of
Technologies
to
always
think
about
what
is
where
is
it
that
I
can
bring
value
and
to
not
try
to
be
almost
totalitarian
in
the
way
that
they
try
to
approach
it?
Because
that's
the
biggest
lesson
that
we've
got
from
our
project,
the
most
valuable
one
which
is
listen
to
people
participate,
make
them
participate
in
the
design
of
the
system
and
try
to
understand
what
it
is
that
they
really
need.
A
A
A
Yeah
so
and
I
think
we
we
need
to
Deep
dive
on
the
the
those
use
cases
a
little
bit
more
so
we'll
be
reaching
out
and
scheduling
additional
webinars
and
meetups
on
the
topic
as
well.
So
I
want
to
thank
everybody
who
joined
us
today.
If
you
have
any
questions
you
can
feel
free
to
just
forward
to
us
afterwards.
A
Please
do
get
involved.
There's
some
great
organizations
doing
very
important
and
hard
work
to
get
these
these
infrastructures
and
these
systems
and
these
payments
ready
for
use.
So
please
do
get
involved.
We
have
a
couple
more
webinars.
Our
webinar
series
continues
on
May
31st
with
hyperledger
member
Ren
date
talking
about
UDP
and
launch
to
support
a
regulated
digital
currency
payment.
A
So
that's
Wednesday,
May
31st
at
1
pm
Central
European
time,
and
then
we
have
a
presentation
on
June
7th,
with
collido
around
tokenized
assets
at
institutional
scale,
with
collido
and
hyperledger
Firefly
and
others
as
well.
So
please
do
join
us.
I
want
to
encourage
everybody
to
also
join
us
in
the
Discord
channels.
This
is
where
our
community,
with
by
projects
by
special
interests
and
others,
can
participate
in.
A
So
please
do
scan
that
and
join
us
in
the
hyperledger
foundation
Discord
and
it's
a
very
Lively
and
very
active
Community
for
those
who
want
to
join
us.
So
thanks
again
for
watching
the
hyperledger
member
webinar,
thank
you
to
Erwin,
Claire
and
Conrad,
with
the
blockchain
European
blockchain
Association,
the
digital
pound
foundation
and
the
digital
Euro
foundation
for
the
first
part
of
the
webinar
and
Maxine
Lim,
and
at
EPC
and
who's
we
use
at
alastria
for
joining
us
today.
So
once
again,
thank
you.