►
From YouTube: Is blockchain technology ready for the gaming industry?
Description
A guest presentation of the Gaming subgroup of Hyperledger's Media & Entertainment Special Interest Group on February 10, 2022 with Rafael Brown, CEO & Co-Founder at Symbol Zero // Microsoft Regional Director.
We've all heard of Metaverse's imminent arrival and various game platforms such as The Sandbox, Decentraland and Axie Infinity have been running in alpha/beta versions with the hope that the final product will be a truly immersive virtual environment, However, there are a multitude of issues such as high transactional cost (gas price), high energy usage, transactional latency, lack of interoperability between games, and inability to transfer true ownership of assets (with context) that prevent blockchain technology to be fully ready for the prime time with MMO gameplay. Our guest speaker, Rafael Brown, takes us through a critique of these gaps and shines a bright light on core/architectural improvements needed to enable use of DLT in the gaming space.
If you're interested in blockchain and gaming, learn more about how to get involved with the group at: https://wiki.hyperledger.org/display/MESIG/MESIG+-+Gaming+Subgroup
----
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A
A
B
B
A
All
right,
good,
good,
so
hello,
everybody,
I'm
going
to
be
looking
at
the
intersection
of
blockchain
and
gaming.
It's
a
hot
topic
today,
especially
kind
of
where
we
are
in
the
news,
with
the
the
the
nft
bubble,
there's
a
lot
of
activity
and
and
frankly
this
is
an
area
that
the
game
industry
itself
is
trying
to
make
sense
of.
So
I
I'll,
I
guess
I'll
start
by
saying
that
there's
there's
no!
A
A
There
we
go
okay,
yeah,
there's
a
little
bit
of
luck,
not
too
much
good
good
okay.
So
so
who
am
I
I'm
a
traditional
game
designer
I've
done?
You
know
done
some
consulting
on
casual,
but
a
lot
of
my
experience
is
kind
of
core
games
across
pc,
console
mobile
and
then
more
recently,
my
group
has
been
diving
into
things
with
roblox,
probably
the
two
biggest
of
which
are
the
little
knows
x,
concert
and
the
21
in
2020
and
the
the
21
pilots
concert
in
2021.
A
Now
we're
the
kind
of
primary
high-res
concert
provider
for
roblox
we're
going
to
be
continuing
to
do
things
with
them
and
we're
using
that
as
a
jumping-off
point
to
find
our
own
space
and
pacing.
In
virtual
events,
as
everybody
begins
to
talk
about
the
metaverse,
I
will
say
that
I'm
not
going
to
intentionally
talk
about
the
metaverse
here.
It's
it's
it's
a
thing
that
I
could
wax
poetic
on
for
hours.
A
It's
sadly
ironic
because
we're
still
so
far
from
it,
but
there's
a
lot
of
ground
to
get
to
it,
and
I
really
want
to
talk
more
about
the
ground
going
towards
it,
rather
than
the
ill-defined
inspiration
that
comes
out
of
film
and
and
books
that
that
we
will
eventually
get
to
if
we're
lucky.
So
I
want
to
start
first
with
this.
Technology
is
not
a
religion,
bitcoin
or
otherwise.
A
A
A
A
I
just
want
to
note
that
this
kind
of
wraps
up
in
the
roughly
2018-2019
period
and
what's
interesting
there
if
you
look
at
the
end
of
it-
is
that
this
was
starting
to
get
up.
I
think
it
crests
at
about
139
billion
for
the
the
total
size
of
this
gaming
market
and
then
in
2020
and
2021
it
grows
and
it
grows
drastically
under
the
pandemic.
A
A
Bulletin
boards,
pc,
shareware,
pc,
mmos,
console
online
mobile
free
to
play.
You'll
see
this
shortly.
In
terms
of
specific
timeline,
but
pc
console
online
games
as
a
service
actually
coming
into
play
coherently
in
the
last
decade,
and
then
this
experiment
with
blockchain,
just
in
the
last,
you
know
really
year
to
kind
of
year
and
a
half
that
we're
trying
to
make
sense
of
and
a
little
bit
before
that
the
rise
and
then
and
then
crash
of
icos
and
now
the
the
bubble
of
nfts.
A
But
handheld
grow
and
then
technically
really
kind
of
fold
into
into
console
and
mo
and
then
the
rise
of
mobile
as
we
as
we
get
into
the
effectively
the
the
odds
and
the
and
then
the
teams
and
then
mobile
takeoff
to
where
it's
become
the
largest
part
of
game
monetization
really
effectively
by
kind
of
subsuming
the
beginnings
of
what
we're
first
in
pc
of
of
web
gaming
and
then
there's
this
tiny
sliver
of
vr
and
effectively.
It's
a
thing.
A
So
with
these
I'm
just
going
to
kind
of
show,
you
show
all
of
you
a
handful
of
of
different
things
for
comparison.
I'll
be
frank,
I'm
going
to
bypass
pc,
even
though
we're
on
that
and
it's
frankly
near
and
dear
to
my
heart.
It's
where
I
started
in
this
industry,
but
the
pc
has
been
kind
of
a
steady
lifeline
because
it
is
frankly
the
most
open.
A
The
pc
is
a
consistent
thing
and
then
all
these
others
have
kind
of
moved
around.
But
you
know
there
have
been
many
notions
of
the
death
knell
of
the
of
pc
computing
and
that's
not
going
away
anytime
soon,
so
the
pc
has
been
steady,
it
has
grown,
but
it's
kind
of
leveled
and
it's
interesting
then
for
seeing
these
other
ones
come
around
it.
A
But
that's
why,
when
we
look
at
mobile-
and
it
looks
like
it
has-
you
know
this-
you
know
the
end
of
a
hockey
stick,
it's
because
the
full
hockey
stick
is
there.
The
first
15
years
is
growing
to
where
we
can
get
to
the
to
that
tip
of
the
hockey
stick,
and
so
you
look
at
at
the
iphone
curve,
and
you
see
it.
You
know
in
that
period
from
2007
to
2012
and
it
starts
to
grow
quickly
and
you
get
from
you
know
from
effectively
1
million
to
10.
A
You
know
that
2010
2012
period,
where
mobile
went
from
okay.
We
kind
of
have
something
interesting
like
and
I
you
know,
bought
my
first
ipod
touch
going.
It's
a
computer.
I
need
to
mess
around
with
this
and
then
going
oh
everyone's.
Getting
this
at
first,
it's
just
a
handful
of
us
going.
This
isn't
a
thing
I
need
to
figure
out
how
to
play
with
and
make
sure
I
understand
what
it's
doing
and
gradually
learn
how
to
make
it
sing.
And
then
you
go,
you
know
effectively
effectively.
A
The
you
know
quote
unquote
business
side,
folks
and
then
going
oh,
this
thing
with
a
screen
comes
out.
I
can
use
that
and
then
going
from
that
to
everyone
has
them
and
then
not
just
everyone
has
them,
but
everyone
globally
has
them
and
it
becomes.
You
know
it.
It
grows
to
the
point
where
now
no
one
has
their
phone
far
from
them.
A
A
A
Gaming
has
been
around
effectively
and
depending
on
how
you
went
accounted
since
the
60s
to
the
70s
vr,
actually
even
predates
that
with
sensorama
back
in
in
the
50s.
But
blockchain
is
still
trying
to
figure
out
its
impact
as
it's
as
it
is
in
relation
to
gaming.
So
with
that,
we're
going
to
touch
on
cloud
for
a
second,
because
cloud
is
something
that
goes
back
to
back,
to
the
odds,
yeah
and
and
effectively
aws
in
2003
and
azure
in
2009
and
others.
Coming
off.
A
A
A
This
is
tracking.
If
you
look
at
2009,
that's
when
azure
started
and
that's
when
when
azure
started
is
when
amazon
really
started
to
make
money
in
cloud.
But
you
look
at
that.
That
range
and
the
period
from
again
up
to
about
2013
is
still
very
small,
and
it's
effectively
the
period
from
then
around
2013
2014.
A
Up
to
now
where
it's
it
started
to
grow
ex.
You
know,
you
know
almost
exponentially
the
the
impact
is
is
huge
where
it
was
not
before
and
then
the
other
thing
I
want
to
highlight
is:
is
that,
especially
in
the
enterprise
space
cloud
is,
is
is
basically
taking
over
that
and
and
what
this
is
tracking
is
the
amount
of
overall
software
to
you
know
to
the
amount
of
cloud
where
to
be
fair,
this
is
going
out
to
2032.
A
A
I
I
actually
believe
that
a
good
amount
will
stay
on
device,
but
that
there's
going
to
be
this
mixture
of
cloud
and
edge
and
blockchain
and
we're
still
finding
the
balance
and
we're
still
finding
the
hybridization,
because
in
my
mind
nothing
absolutely
nothing
ever
replaces
a
certain
amount
of
code
execution
on
the
device
side,
but
we're
learning
to
support
and
right
now
we're
mostly
learning
from
cloud.
Because
cloud
has
this
history
going
back
to
aws
in
2003,
and
so
this
is,
you
know,
we're
now
going
to
kind
of
transition
into
blockchain.
A
But
I
I
wanted
folks
to
understand
that
looking
at
this,
especially
as
it
comes
into
games,
but
in
a
lot
of
other
fields
as
well,
the
interesting
thing
is
going.
How
did
mobile
impact?
How
did
cloud
impact?
What
lessons
do
you
take
from
each
because
mobile
and
cloud
have
both
drastically
affected
games
so
now
we're
going
to
dump
heavily
into
games
and
blockchain,
but
I
wanted
that
grounding
for
everybody,
and
I
hope
that
was
helpful.
So
this
was
a
survey
that
came
out
just
a
few
weeks
ago.
A
A
The
interesting
thing
about
that
with
mobile
is
that,
where
it
changed,
is
everyone
got
smartphones
and
when
everyone
got
smartphones,
no
one
really
hated
mobile.
Some
people
were
like
I
want
to.
I
want
to
develop
on
it.
I
don't
want
to
develop
on
it,
but
no
one
said
I
don't
want
it
to
exist
because
everyone's
like
well,
I've
got
a
smartphone
and
all
the
game
developers
got
smartphones
faster
than
just
about
anyone
else
other
than
other
technology.
A
A
We
were
baking
mega
textures
in
aws,
gpu
early
jeep.
You
know
kind
of
rough
gpu
clouds,
so
cloud
became
an
early
foundational
tech.
Mobile
became
an
ubiquitous
everyone's
got.
One
blockchain
still
needs
to
kind
of
find
its
pacing
and
find
its
path,
and
that's
going
to
determine
what
people
think
of
it.
A
So
I'll
try
to
keep
this
going
quickly,
because
I
know
I'm
going
through
a
lot
here
and
I'm
a
little
bit
behind
schedule.
So
zip
through
these
the
ico
phase,
the
simplest
thing
to
say
about
the
ico
phase.
Is
that
there's
a
point
especially
here
in
san
francisco,
where
everyone
was
talking
icos
they
took
over
from
from
vr.
They
became
the
new
big
thing.
A
A
So
I'll
just
leave
it
at
that.
Everyone
has
different
feelings
on
them,
but
some
of
those
icos
that
succeeded
that
did
not
fail
that
continued.
They
still
they
went
into
the
current
nft
phase.
So
it's
important
to
keep
that
in
context,
because
a
bunch
of
the
negative
feeling
around
ico
sorry
around
nfts
comes
from
memory
of
the
icos
that
were
really
just
a
few
years
ago
and
that
affected
the
development
community.
A
A
A
Thinking
that
it's
the
easiest
thing
for
nfts
to
go
into
when
games
are
going,
but
we
already
kind
of
do
95
of
this.
We
don't
have
a
thing
up
on
a
blockchain,
but
all
of
these
concepts
came
out
of
us
and
now
you're
pushing
them
back
to
us
with
a
twist
telling
us
to
do
these
things
that
we
already
kind
of
do.
A
A
Mostly,
I
would
say
it's
repeat
the
path
of
cloud,
but
also
look
at
at
the
practicalities
of
mobile,
because
the
reality
is
that
cloud
went
in
and
brought
in
useful
things
and
showed
that
they're
useful
and
got
adopted
just
behind
the
scenes.
We
all
started
using
cloud
first,
just
in
our
development
processes
and
then
to
roll
stuff
out
and
have
it
used
more
widely
and
to
reach
more
folks
and
go
hey.
This
is
actually
better
than
bare
metal.
A
You
know
and
it
started
with
like.
Oh,
I
can
dump
my
mega
textures
onto
on
onto
the
aws
cloud
and
instead
of
having
my
my
machine
churning
for
four
hours,
I'll
get
something
back
from
aws
in
45
minutes
that
to
us
at
it
was
magic.
I
mean
we
knew
exactly
what
it
was
doing.
We'd
set
it
up,
but
we're
like
this
is
perfect.
It's
not
tying
up
my
machine.
A
That's
great,
then
microsoft
came
around
and
and
the
rise
of
azure
started
to
fold
into
this
notion
of
xbox
and
all
of
these
useful
and
interesting
features
and
services
that
they
were
trying
to
find
ways
to
get
connected
into
and
demonstrate
in
microsoft,
game,
studios
products
and
xbox
were
going.
Oh,
I
could
actually
use
that
that
bit
of
machine
learning
that
machine
translation,
I
could
use
these
things.
A
Meanwhile,
and
and
it's
happening
because
they
have
revenue,
they
have
products,
they
have
road
maps
and
blockchain,
for
the
most
part,
is
an
ancillary
thing
and
nfts
were
a
cherry
on
top,
but
they're
not
going
we're
going
to
make
all
of
our
money
from
that
startups.
On
the
other
hand,
oftentimes
are
being
driven
entirely
by
investors,
and
they
and
and
a
lot
of
these
blockchains-
let's
say
nft
startups,
I
think,
is-
is
really
what
we
should
call
many
of
them
at
this
point
or
nft
game
startups.
A
I
hope
they
don't
screw
up,
and
I
hope
they
don't
make
us
look
bad
and
how
much
of
their
stuff
is
going
to
disappear,
and
I
honestly
expect
half
of
the
nft
game
projects
to
to
basically
close
up
shop
within
the
next
year
to
two
years
regard
like
it's
not
about
money
yeah.
Then
they
got
some
money
and
usually
they
don't
have
enough.
A
A
It's
about
the
intersection
of
art
and
technology
to
make
something
that
you
can't
plan
and
that
you
can
only
iterate
to
achieve
when
you
are
trying
to
make
games
when
you're
trying
to
make
vr
virtual
worlds.
Anything
in
that
space
you
can
guess
and
how
much
experience
and
how
much
judgment
is
what
gets
you
there,
but
you
can
never
put
together
a
rock
solid
plan
and
you
can
never
write
a
white
paper
ever
so.
A
How
does
the
game
industry
view
nfts?
I'm
not
going
to
read
all
these,
I'm
just
going
to
kind
of
call
them
out.
You
can
dive
into
these
I'll
make
my
deck
available.
A
lot
of
these
are
in
the
news,
but
I'll
just
start
with
tim's
quote,
which
I
love
for
being
we
are
touching.
We
aren't
touching
energies
as
the
whole
field
is
currently
tangled
up
with
an
intractable
mix
of
scams,
interesting
decentralized
tech
foundation
and
scams.
Now
he
he
changed
this,
but
he
changed
it.
A
A
That
is
a
cross
that
we,
the
game
industry,
have
to
bear
and
that
anyone
coming
in
has
to
bear
with
us
so
there's
a
platform
response,
which
is
that
everyone's
basically
trying
to
fade
into
the
background
and
go
yeah
we're
not
really
ready
to
deal
with
this
thing.
So
nintendo,
microsoft,
sony
apple,
google,
steam
epic,
also
a
bit
of
like
tencent
and
samsung.
A
All
these
folks
that
have
platforms.
They
are
one
concerned
about
blockchain
circumventing
payment
processing,
because
that
is
where
they
get
their
cut.
They
take
30.
The
developer.
Publisher
mix
takes
70,
so
they
are
concerned.
They
will
only
consistently
allow
the
stuff
on
when
they
figure
out
how
to
get
their,
let's
say,
20
to
30
percent.
Maybe
it
is
by
having
their
own
blockchains.
Maybe
it
is
by
banning
blockchains.
Maybe
it
is
by
participating
and
having
their
own
systems
with
their
own
nodes.
A
So
here
again,
I
won't
go
into
all
these
we're
just
going
to
zip
through
these,
but
ea
is
like
yeah
we're
gonna,
no
we're
not
gonna
sega's
like
yeah
we're
kind
of
gonna
butt
unless
it
seems
like
money
making
and
then
we're
not
gonna.
Take
two
is
like
yeah,
we're
kind
of
already
doing
all
this,
just
not
on
the
blockchain,
but
but
we
have
everything
that
you
have
already
and
we
have
it
in
gta
ubisoft
is
like
yeah.
We
got
this
thing.
Oh
nobody
loves
it.
A
Team
17
is
like
oh
we're
doing
a
thing.
24
hours
later,
we're
not
the
the
stalker
folks
at
gsc.
Oh
we're
doing
a
thing,
actually
we're
not
square
enix
we're
doing
something
we're
we're
using
it.
We're
not
going
to
say
anything
about
how,
but
we've
kind
of
got
a
thing.
Konami
is
basically
going
yeah,
so
we're
gonna
sell
some
stuff.
Oh
we
made
you
know
a
hundred
and
forty
thousand
dollars
great.
It
doesn't
really
affect
we're,
probably
going
to
do
more.
A
It
doesn't
affect
our
bottom
line
and
epic
going
yeah
we're
really
not
going
to
use
it.
Definitely
not
going
to
use
it.
Fortnite,
oh
steen
just
said:
they're,
definitely
not
going
to
use
it
we're
going
to
use
it,
but
we're
not
going
to
say
how
we
don't
actually
host
any
games,
we're
going
to
review
everything,
but
we're
not
really
going
to
say
what
we're
going
to
do.
But
it's
going
to
be
kind
of
there,
so
it's
this
really
confusing
mess
of
things.
A
And
how
was
this
different
from
mobile
mobile
went
in
and
the
devices
grew
it
was
driven
by
the
devices
and
nobody
just
said:
hey
I'm
putting
up
a
medium
blog
or
a
white
paper
and
we're
doing
this
thing.
No,
they
just
went
out
and
sold
because
the
devices
grew
and
the
population
grew,
and
you
saw
this
step
like
people
talk
about
play
to
earn
play
to
earn.
Is
I'm
sorry,
but
you
can't
just
go
hey
we're
talking
about
a
thing.
We've
mentioned
it
a
handful
of
times
on
facebook
at
linkedin.
A
A
They
took
over
a
chunk
of
the
game
industry
by
expanding
it
and
bringing
new
people
in
they
didn't
initially
try
to
cannibalize.
They
just
went
and
said
we're
bringing
all
these
other
folks
in.
So
that's
incredibly
important.
So
with
that,
here's
a
really
quick
grounding,
and
I
won't
go
into
the
specifics
of
these.
A
But
just
this
is
a
scale
effectively
tripli
to
single
a
to
double
a
to
triple
a
to
quadruple
a
and
then
you
got
this
blockchain
thing
over
here,
that's
kind
of
still
almost
being
funded
at
least
initially
like
oh
yeah,
we
raised
a
bunch
of
nfts.
Now
we
can
grow,
but
the
initial
funding
is
kind
of
the
scale
of
like
building
an
expensive
website.
A
Not
you
know
an
enterprise
website,
but
like
a
expensive
commercial
website
where
it's
smaller
than
building
a
mobile
game
and
that's
crazy,
especially
because
people
are
looking
at
it
and
going.
Oh.
This
is
going
to
be
amazing
and
you're,
seeing
a
bunch
of
concept,
art
and
some
pre-rendered
videos
and
people
are
raising
a
ton
of
money
on
nothing
and
so,
on
the
one
hand,
kudos
they're
raising
money,
but
on
the
other
hand,
do
they
know
what
they're
doing,
because
those
six
guys
in
the
middle.
A
That's
my
old
boss
on
the
left,
john
carmack,
with
kevin
cloud
adrian
carmack,
tom
hall,
john
romero
and
jay
wilbur,
six
of
those
guys
built
wolfenstein,
and
they
knew
what
they
were
doing
because
they
built
the
commander.
King
gains
five
or
six
of
those
before
them,
and
they
went
on
after
wolfenstein
to
doom.
They
grew
steadily
and
they
grew
along
the
scale
and
the
recent
reboot
of
doom
that
kevin
cloud
and
john
carmack
were
still
on.
A
Games
understand
this
range
of
experiences
and
everything
is
tied
to
money
and
time
and
people
as
you
get
through
it.
So
what
is
game
development?
I'm
not
going
to
go
into
all
this,
but
basically
just
to
say
it's,
this
range
of
specializations
art
and
animation,
design,
programming
and
engineering,
audio
production
and
then
behind
the
scenes
publishing
which
partially
mirrors
production.
A
All
of
these
things
are
needed
back
in
the
day.
We
just
wore
lots
of
hats,
but
we
did
pretty
much
all
this
still
back
then,
with
fewer
people
you
get
to
more
people
and
bigger
teams
and
there's
more
specialization,
but
this
core
notion
of
these
art
and
animation,
design,
programming
and
engineering
audio
production.
These
are
consistent.
Everything
that
we
make
needs
this
and
so
you've
got
folks
going
in
with
nfts
going.
We've
got
some
concept:
art
we've
got
some
economy
design.
We've
got
a
little
bit
of
community
management
and
we're
putting
together
a
road
map.
A
Great.
We
can
go,
write
a
white
paper
and
we
can
put
up
a
web
page
and
we
can
and
we
can
raise
money
and
people
in
the
game
industry
are
going.
No,
you
need
to
make
something
like
get
something
running
like
if,
if
you're
going
to
raise
money,
show
us
that
you
have
a
thing
in
motion,
or
at
least
have
at
least
have
a
production
plan
that
looks
realistic
and
have
a
deck.
You
know.
Maybe
you
don't
have
a
gdd,
but
like
have
a
pitch
deck.
A
There
are
more
and
better
things
to
do
if
you
want
to
make
money
faster
than
make
games.
Yes,
it
is
the
biggest
industry
in
the
world,
but
game
makers
traditionally
are
not
the
wealthiest
people
in
the
world.
We
do
this
because
we
love
it
and
we
understand
what
we're
making
and
we
share
it
and
we'll
talk
about
it,
but
we
want
people
to
know
what
they're
doing,
because
everyone
who's
in
it
has
battle
scars
everyone's
been
in
the
trenches.
Everyone
has
lost
sleep
and
and
been
in
crunch
because
of
the
craziness.
A
A
There's
this
notion
that,
like
it's,
it's
never
done
and
it's
always
complex
and
it
always
takes
more
work
than
you
think
it
will,
and
that
actually
gets
to
my
quote
at
the
end,
which
I
had
said
a
while
back,
which
is
that
you
can't
make
a
great
game
the
first
time
out.
No
matter
who
you
are
you
make
it,
you
make
a
good
game
with
a
great
team
figure
out
who
you
have
what
your
pipelining?
A
So
online
games
are
doubly
hard.
Remember
that
this
is
this
is
being
shared
out
to
everyone.
Afterwards,
you
can
go
through
this
ralph
coster,
fantastic
developer
and
and
a
great
human
being
raff
was
the
lead
designer
for
ultima
online.
He
was
also
the
director
for
star
wars.
Galaxies
he's
been
involved
at
this
point,
I
think
in
like
five
or
six
large
mmos
at
one
point
he
went
around
the
california,
texas,
mmo
community
and
he
started
collecting
rules
his
rules
of
online
world
design.
A
If
something
can
you
know
high
ropes,
loophole
love,
something
can
be
abused,
it
will
be.
There
are
a
ton
of
these
we're
running
out
of
time.
I
won't
go
through
all
of
them,
but
what
I
want
to
stress
is
that
there
is
this
collective
understanding
of
30
years
of
online
game
design,
that
it
is
harder,
more
complex,
more
curious
and
more
mercurial
than
anyone
realizes
until
they
dive
into
it.
So
anytime,
someone
new
is
coming
in.
A
We
go
you're
about
to
get
screwed,
we'll
help
you
out
as
much
as
we
can
we'll
show
you
a
bunch
of
stuff,
but
it's
going
to
hurt
and
it
does,
and
so
there
are
a
ton
of
these.
These
rules,
players
have
higher
expectations
of
the
virtual
world
than
the
real
one,
the
psychological
disinhibition
of.
If
you
have
anonymity,
people
will
be
jerks.
A
The
mass
market
problems
of
your
administrative
problems
will
increase
exponentially
and
not
linearly
the
notion
that
violence,
either
direct
or
social
psychological
will
be
done.
If
you
allow
people
to
interact
in
the
world
no
matter
what
happens,
we
do
not,
as
an
industry,
believe
that
you
can
just
let
people
go
into
a
utopia
and
they
will
treat
each
other
well
and
they
will
self-police
and
they
can
just
set
up
a
bunch
of
daos
and
run
everything.
A
You
have
to
police,
you
have
to
moderate,
you
have
to
curate,
you
have
to
deal
with
hackers,
you
have
to
help
people
push
and
shape
into
a
right
thing
and
there
can
be
a
hybrid
between
even
in
a
social
order
between
centralization
and
decentralization.
But
you
cannot
have
pure
decentralization
because
it
is
chaos
in
games.
A
So
there's
an
identity
crisis.
Do
you
want
to?
Let
people
have
a
speculative
penny
stock,
a
unit
of
currency,
a
functional
utility
utilitarian
tool?
You
can
you
know
the
the
typical
triangle
of
good,
fast
and
cheap.
You
can
never
have
all
three.
What
we
see
here
is
that
you
can
have
two
of
these
kinda.
You
can
have
one
of
these
really
well.
A
A
This
is
just
the
the
beginning
of
the
tip
of
the
iceberg
of
all
these
mobile
ar
games,
and
then
none
of
the
other
ones
ever
got
an
audience
and
mobile
ar
as
an
overall
industry
trend,
crashed,
there's
still
mobile
ar
technology
and
there's
still
people
messing
around
and
it's
going
more
local.
But
there
is
no
field
of
mobile
ar
gaming.
A
A
It's
not
that
it
can't
become
something,
but
in
the
view
of
the
game
industry,
if
you
haven't
made
a
thing
before,
if
you
don't
know
what
you're
making
you
tell
a
bunch
of
people
in
the
current
market,
you
can
sell
that
and
they
will
buy
that.
But
you
are
selling
hot
air,
and
traditionally
that
is
seen
as
criminal.
A
A
They
set
up
the
real
money
auction
house
and
that
real
money,
auction
house
broke
diablo
3
and
they
had
to
close
it
down,
despite
the
fact
that
it
was
the
most
successful
thing
that
they
had
ever
put
out.
It
was
causing
new
people
to
come
in
less
and
it
was
causing
people
to
stop
playing
and
to
just
purchase,
and
they
basically
sat
down
and
looked
at
it
and
said
this
kills
our
gameplay.
This
kills
our
game.
A
A
Anyone
going
into
nft
gaming
is
going
to
have
to
ask
this
question
because
you
cannot
have
your
eight
your
cake
and
eat
it
too
and
connected
in
with
that
is
that
play
to
earn
and
what
I
call
paid
exploit
pte
is
an
unproven
guess.
It's
a
thing
that
we
don't
actually
know
it's
a
thing
that
has
not
yet
been
defined.
A
It
has
to
be
defined
in
practice
and
not
in
white
papers,
and
what
we
see
right
now
is
that
you
can't
have
your
cake
and
eat
it
too,
and
people
are
trying
to
do
that
and
they
don't
know
what
they're
going
to
come
up
against,
because
you
cannot
coherently
design,
play
and
work
and
have
them
have
equal
value.
They
will
push
at
each
other
and
one
will
win
and
you
have
to
prioritize
in
games
when
we're
doing
game
development.
A
A
A
A
That's
the
problem
with
nfts
right
now
is
they're,
locking,
they're,
pre-selling
and
locking
in
a
design
where
the
people
who
are
who
are
selling
it
do
not
know
the
design,
even
even
if
they're
experienced
developers
like
peter
molina's
group
who
sold,
I
think
it
was
54
million
in
in
in
virtual
land
and
and
peter's
fantastic
and
he's
a
veteran
with
more
experience
than
I
do.
And
if
you
sit
down
and
talk
to
him
honestly
he's
probably
excited
and
terrified,
because
he
has
a
lot
of
people.
A
A
A
A
Frankly,
every
publisher
has
multiple
custom
engines.
Everybody
rolls
their
own
call
of
duty
has
three
different
custom
engines
for
the
three
different
groups
that
make
sure
that
call
of
duty
comes
out
every
year.
They
cannot
be
interoperable
just
within
call
of
duty.
Across
years
a
socket
wrench
has
measurements,
it's
used
for
automotive
repair.
It
is
an
artificial
human
construction.
A
A
Trying
to
take
assets
from
one
game
to
another
is
the
socket
wrench
in
the
chocolate
cake
and
until
people
realize
this
and
stop
acting
like
it's
easy,
we
can't
actually
make
file
format,
standards
that
can
allow
us
to
eventually
do
it
in
the
future,
because
we
could
have
a
thing
where
we
can
go.
The
socket
wrench
is
part
of
this
class,
and
the
cake
is
part
of
the
consumables
class
and
this
tool
class
and
consumer.
A
We
can
do
all
that
and
that's
going
to
take
10
to
20
years
to
it's
going
to
take
10
years
to
do
it
and
another
10
years
to
get
people
on
board.
It's
absolutely
doable.
If
we
want
to
get
towards
a
metaverse
and
shared
stuff,
it
can
happen,
but
it
does
not
happen
easily
and
it's
really
not
happening
now.
A
You
guys
already
understand
this
from
the
perspective
of
security,
scalability
decentralization,
you
can't
have
all
of
these
perfectly
in
that
same
fashion,
going
into
games
specifically,
there
is
a
blockchain
trilemma
in
games
of
a
particular
thing
that
you
bring
in,
cannot
be
a
penny
stock,
a
currency
and
a
utilitarian
tool
right
now,
just
about
every
group
going
in
is
doing
that.
It
needs
to
be
it's
like
pick.
One
first
make
one
your
primary
choice:
what's
the
secondary?
Let
the
third
one
fall
away.
A
Everything
coming
in
has
to
choose
that,
because
games
are
about
hard
choices,
so
I
I
know
I've
gone
a
little
bit
over.
Thank
you
guys
for
being
for
for
being
patient.
I
can
stay
on
for
questions
if
you
have
them,
but
I
you
know
I've
been
dealing
with
this,
I'm
actually
going
to
be
bringing
this
to
the
game
developers
conference.
A
B
B
A
Excellent
I'll
just
say
you
guys
are
welcome.
I
I
do
need
to
spend
my
my
twitter
back
up.
I
still
haven't
done
it.
I've
been
slammed
with
stuff,
but
you
can
feel
free
to
reach
out
to
me
on
linkedin,
I'm
active
on
both
facebook
and
and
linkedin
in
terms
of
of
kind
of
community
building,
gradually
finding
my
way
back
onto
twitter-
and
you
know,
if
you
have
questions,
feel
free
to
reach
out.
I
included
my
my
email
at
the
end
of
this.
B
Thank
you
and
I
think
just
to
just
to
wrap
up
on
that.
I
I
guess
that's
one
of
the
things
we
have
in
the
gaming
subgroup
is
exactly
to
to
basically
be
learning
by
learning
to
do,
and
and
that's
exactly
what
we're
trying
to
do
here,
like
you
indicated
in
your,
I
think,
towards
the
end
of
yes
slide.
I
think
one
very
important
thing
is
to
cut
the
ipad
learn
and
do
like
like
do
some
more
experiments
and
don't
just
try
to
rush
in
with
the
technology.
Don't
make
technology
their
religion.
A
A
Baby
steps
are
what
we
need
and
we
need
to
basically
prove
out
and
show
hey.
We
did
this
and
it
didn't
hurt
too
much
and
we
actually
got
some
benefit
out
of
it.
So,
like
again,
like
think
of
it,
as
like
the
early
days
of
melbourne
cloud,
we
have
to
show
little
things
that
don't
affect
your
revenue
that
much,
but
that
show
that
they
effectively
save
a
little
bit
of
time
because
down
the
road
that
will
save
your
revenue.
A
B
That
is
correct
and
well
what
we
are
actually
looking
at.
These
exact
kind
of
questions
in
our
gaming
sub
club,
so
you're
more
than
welcome
to
join
in,
and
we
have
this
conversation
going
on
in
terms
of,
I
think
one
of
the
biggest
points
that
profile
also
pointed
out
to
is
that
yes,
it's
possible,
but
the
two
critical
things
for
sharing
assets
across
gains
is
you've
got
to
have
shared
standards.
You
you
can't
like,
like
in
profiles
station,
you
can't
just
take
a
wrench
and
then
slam
into
another
game.
B
You
know
that
being
a
chocolate
cake
in
this
case,
because
it's
not
going
to
mean
the
same
thing
in
the
other
game.
So
unless
you
can
have
sheer
standards
and
unless
those
standards
are
agreeable
across
not
only
from
technology
point
of
view,
but
also
from
legal
aspects,
also
from
the
context
point
of
view,
it's
not
going
to
be
useful
in
the
other
game
and
those
are
some
of
the
biggest
challenges
in
terms
of
sharing
nfts,
even
across
games
or
coming
up
with
shareable
gains.
B
I
think
there's
probably
one
more
question
here:
okay,
let's
just
take
a
think.
I
think
that
should
be
the
end
of
our
presentation.
I
think
there's
any
questions,
but
please
do
do
feel
free
to
reach
out
to
either
profile
or
myself
on
once
again,
sandy
agarwal
and
I'll
be
more
than
happy
to
have
you
as
part
of
the
the
gaming
subgroup
and
we'll
most
likely
be
bringing
a
file
back
for
another
panel
in
some.
You
know
another
few
weeks
so
reach
out
to
us
if
you're
interested.