Hyperledger Foundation Meetups, 11 Nov 2021

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From YouTube: Introduction to Hyperledger projects and the Perun lab

Description

A virtual meetup hosted by Hyperledger Berlin on November 11, 2021 with guests Matt Zand and Matthias Geihs from Perun Lab. Matt Zand is the author of "Hands-on Smart Contract Development on Hyperledger Fabric" and he will briefly introduce his book to the audience and review the Hyperledger family (DLTs, libraries and tools) and its ecosystem. More about the book here https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1492086126/

The session will continue with Matthias Geihs from Perun Lab who will introduce to the audience "Blockchain Scaling & Interoperability: An overview of the Perun Framework". More about Perun https://perun.network/

More about the event is at: https://www.meetup.com/Hyperledger-Berlin/events/281499731/

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Hyperledger – Open Source Blockchain Technologies

Hyperledger is an open source community focused on developing a suite of stable frameworks, tools and libraries for enterprise-grade blockchain deployments.
It serves as a neutral home for various distributed ledger frameworks including Hyperledger Besu, Fabric, Sawtooth, Indy, as well as tools like Hyperledger Avalon, Cactus and libraries like Hyperledger Aries, Ursa. Learn more about Hyperledger projects: https://www.hyperledger.org/use

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#Hyperledger #HyperledgerMeetup #Blockchain

A

Supporting the hyper ledger meetup in berlin, uh my name is stefania tuzi and I'm virgin association manager and today, with me, there's also david boswell from the hyperledger network and uh bert chain regarding bird chain and what we do. We are a non-profit member led association based in berlin and we connect and promote the brilliant blockchain community and we facilitate as well science and research activities, education and around the topic of blockchain, through which we promote the local berlin ecosystem.

A

And if you want to know more, I will be posting a few links during the event.

A

Today's meetup will uh we'll see presenting matt sand, uh which was the author of amazon, smart contracts, development on hyperledger fabric, and he will briefly introduce his book to the audience and review the hyperledger family and its ecosystem, and the session will continue uh with mathias guys from apparoon lab, who will introduce to the audience. uh Blockchain scaling and interoperability and overview of the perum framework um I'll go really quickly through the housekeeping.

A

um So before we we get started um like uh if you want. If you wish to actually ask the presenters a question, please click on the reaction icon on the bottom of the screen and select race hands.

A

um There is also an open chat, feature and a boat I can see and um if you want to chat also with other attendees, simply click on the chat icon and at the end of the presentations there will be uh two q a sessions. uh The first one is for matt and it's starting around 5 20 and the second one is from matthias and it's starting around 5 40..

A

um Now um I will just give you a brief introduction about the speakers for today. Matt zander and matthias guys and matthew. Zand is a serial interpreter and founder of several tech startups, and he is leading author of hands-on smart contract development with hyperledger fabric book by o'reilly media and there's matthias guys, who is a principal software architect at polycrypt and currently leads the development of the perun project.

A

So I would like to welcome uh both of them. Welcome, matt, zent and matthias guys.

A

So now I will, I will hand over the word to matt, who is the first presenting. Thank you.

A

We can't hear you pretty good, actually.

B

C

Yeah so um again, thanks again stephanie and david for having me in this um talk, and I would be happy and talk about fabric and my book a little bit. I know um I typically do presentation in like a little bit longer than this, so a little bit um skims through some of the key um component of the fabric and then hyperledger family, and then you can go and do the kind of the research on your own, or you can get my book to learn more about these topics in in-depth. So I am matt sand.

C

I am the ceo of the hash fellow. um We do blockchain consulting and development and maintenance services. So um in this talks I'm gonna talk about hyperledger fabric and how how the hyper laser works. So, um as stefania covered my bio um I'll just quickly go, there is no prerequisite. There's no requirement for this talk. um uh Basically, um if you know what blockchain is and how blockchain works, it would be good to follow the things I'm talking in this presentation.

C

So um I start off by explaining um how the hyperledger family structured, what are distributed laser technologies under the hyperledger family.

C

What are crews and libraries that are under the hyperledger family, or basically hyperlaser family ecosystems and then more specifically, I'm going to focus on hyperledger fabric, which is the most popular private or distributed technologies for private uh applications for blockchain applications, so uh hyperliteral overview um again, family and then fabric. So when it comes to hyper laser family, um we can break down the different. uh You know: aspect of hyperledger family, different component of the fibrous family into the distributed ledgers and.

C

Libraries tools and domain specific projects, domain-specific projects are part of a distributed ledger. However, they are very focused in a specific area which, which I'm talking about that so now. um I have to admit that you may not know all of this very well, but it's just that if you're doing any fabric or hyperledge in production, you may use a couple of libraries and tools that I'm talking uh covering today.

C

So the first thing is a distributed: leisure technologies that that are supported by hyper ledger, um so the most popular the fabric, happy leisure, basu and hyperledger beru. Both of them are part of the cerium. So if you are doing anything public blockchain network like ethereum- and you want to find a way to connect, that is a private blockchain network like fabric you have to use beru or vessu. So this will also support the different type of the consensus.

C

Algorithm and that's, why is is very um you know, it's very flexible and then bearers also support the syrian virtual machine hyperledger indian hyperledger iroha. Both of them are for identity management.

C

So if you want to build applications, especially in the if you're building applications, that is meant for managing the identities like university in the credential of the student, things like that, india and iran are good hyperliteractors, um initiated by intel company um as original kind of kind of the project uh developer of this and then hyperloop sawtooth is focused on performance, and you know, unlike the fabric, um every node on hyperledger status can be a validator of its own, so hyperledger fabric has only one order or validator, but on the thought is every node can be validator.

C

Another advantage of sawtooth is that it supports different type of the consensus. Algorithms, like proof of mistake, proof of work, blah blah blah. So this gives you again some advantages over the fabric. At the same time, there has some disadvantages fabric versus the status versus the fabric. Most notably, is the community behind the fabric right, which is much stronger right now.

C

With regard to libraries, that's supported under hyperledger family. There is aries, there's a guild, and then um there is a transaction also. So um the thing is that uh hyperledger areas for identity management again this library- is that if you want to manage the identities, you can easily connect these libraries to your fabric project. That's very important to know hyper ledger guild um is uh intel ledger protocol.

C

If you want to do any payment processing, you know anything like that. Trade finance or things like that hyper ledger. Libraries like guilt is good and hyper. Related trans acts um allows you to do um you know: platform agnostic, smart contract development, in other words, uh if you're, if you're building a you, know blockchain on a fabric, you have to use chain code or smart contract, and maybe it's all kind of the language that go like, for example, and if you're using cerium, you may use solidity programming languages.

C

On the other hand, if you want to build a smart contract which is a plaid platform, agnostic, meaning that it works on any platform and then hyphen laser transact would be a good library to use. Hyperledger also is for security. So if you want a little bit add more security to your. You know: hybrid application. You can also use this library well. Regarding the tools um hyperledger avalon, um there is hyperlaser avalon, and then there is a hyperledger calibers and cello and explorer hyperliz explorer has been duplicated, meaning that's not supported anymore.

C

For it's almost two years it was very beautiful. It was very great um tool for monitoring the fabric network, but it's not it's not maintained anymore and so hyperledger avalon is for for managing off the chain data. So, as you know, there are some data stored on the chain and there are some data stored after chain, so you can use hyperledger avalon to securely, create the bridge or api between your off the chain. Data and under chain data.

C

Hyperledger caliber, is, is awesome, it's great tool for for for for performance monitoring like how is your, how is your network performing? You know if there's a node is down or something like that and then hyperledger selu.

C

If you want to automate some of your admin processes in the fabric, you're, managing credential or setting up the network, you know bring out the service or you know, shutting down the service. All things normal had been tasked. If you want to automate them, then hyperledger seller would be a good tool to use now with regard to domain. Specific project. Hyperledger grid is very good for managing supply chains. So um this specific um this is this dlt or distributed technology is used for supply chain management.

C

So we can also explore that now before I leave this dlts and tools and libraries I have to emphasize. I mentioned that some of these tools and libraries are still at the incubation stage, so make sure uh check, because um you you would you would, I suggest, not to use them in your production if they are at sea at the incubation stage, so it may cause some interruption into your uh operation. So for for proof of concept, you know if you are experimenting with uh some concept.

C

You can use all of them now uh regarding the fabric. um So fabric is the most popular distributed laser technologies under the hyperlaser family, and it's also very popular for private blockchain network right and then um it's manageable linux foundation and hyperledger foundation, and it's also um meant for enterprise level blockchains permission blockchain in applications, which means that one of the things about fabric is that the architectural fabric and component is little more difficult and different than cerium, and it has a little bit of the learning curve to learn how the fabric is architectured.

C

On the other hand, as your project requirement increases as your project requirements become more and more advanced and complex, then you start appreciating the the fabric, because at the very beginning, from from the very from day, one fabric was meant for enterprise. You know applications so now. um The thing is that another aspect of fabric is that it's called hyperledger with multiple ledgers. It supports private data collections.

C

It has more again, as I said, that has more uh more kind of the tools and more kind of the component and features that are meant for larger scale and also you can also build a high place of fabric, a small contract in different programming languages, and if you have multiple smart contracts, so the name chain code and the smart contract, they go hand in hand they're the same. It's just that if you have multiple smart contracts and then, if you want to wrap them together, you can use.

C

You can use the wrapper in inside chain code in your fabric and then you can use javascript or go different programming, languages, python or java, and about my book. um Well, in my book um we spent a few months to come up with a list of topics that are very practical right, so we started off covering the key component of the blockchain technology. You know the nitty gritty of blockchain technology how it works.

C

Then um we start talking about all the family ecosystems like tools and libraries, like uh that I discussed it early and then we talked about fabric components which a little bit I'm talking about later and following this slide, but in our book we talk about those components more in detail and the core of our book I put it this face. Is this: is developing testing debugging and deploying a small contract in a fabric, and then, after that, once you do that? How you want to deploy it on the cloud?

C

So we recover, um you know aws, ibm, azure and oracle. It's just that. um The thing is that uh uh the thing is that we also also cover, um like some of the things that you need to know, so these two area are also practical, so meaning that once you uh most of the blocked hyperledger fabric application currently in productions, are using the older version of the fabric.

C

So I had another presentation a few weeks ago regarding how you can upgrade your your hyperledger application to the latest versions version two and what are the things you have to take into considerations?

C

And so, basically um in our group we have one chapters and talking about uh fabric two uh version, two features and migration, and then we have also one um kind of the end-to-end formal supply chain consortium is like hands-on, step-by-step, how you can build from from a to z, a one-fabric application which is uh supply chain for pharmaceutical and then um another in last chapter in our book we talked about um hyper legend aries, which is for identity management, and then let me talk about high fashion avalon for off the chain, data management and also bezu, which is for cerium and grid for the supply chain.

C

So we covered this because these are this. All of these are at the production level. They are not incubation, they are active projects. They are active well um again, um um due to the lack of time. I just skipped some of this to start, because you can go back and read because uh it just talks about differences between private blockchain and then public blockchain networks, and why privacy matters and very high level overview. Very quick is that fabric has different component peers or notes where the organizations exist in the internet for ordinary service act.

C

As a regulator or sometime called order, and then certificate authority is in charge of issuing certificate because you cannot participate in a blockchain without having the right certificate just because it tells you what you can do, what you cannot do and then fabric ledgers and then channel channel is, is like a subset of is a form of ledger or subset of the node that they communicate with one of one another and to conduct some form of transactions, and then a small contract already covered endorsement policy is just part of the policies there's so much stuff going on in the fabric policies, and the response is the consensus which, which kind of tells you, on whatever circumstances, a transaction needs to be accepted in the network and the membership service providers is in charge of managing all the identities in the network.

C

Well, you can go back to my slide later. If you want, I can give you a link and then just read it. It's just that. um I just want to give you very high level overview. The job of order is to receive the transaction sort. The transaction send a transaction to the party that need to receive that validate them and then add that transaction into the ledger and gossip or you know, broadcast back to the to the rest of the members of the network, so that they know that this has been successfully conducted.

C

So that's order right and then appear can be for any organization which is a member of that. And then um one thing is that, uh regarding the channel, each organization in a fabric can be a part of the different channels.

C

Right can be more bound to sell different channels, and the challenge in itself adds some complexity to the fabric architecture, because each channel can have his own smart contract. Has its own policies, has its own data sharing uh so um again um and validations or things like endorsement and then, as I said, and then we have for member service providers, which is in charge of the identities.

C

We have one root admin which is in charge of the main certificate, and then we are like hierarchy main admin at the top and then comes down to all the other players or members in the network and then also like that. We have something called system channel right so very quickly, as you see that there's a system channel who's in charge of the whole network, and then we have order or regulator, and then we have different organization which is part of that, and there are.

C

There can be several channels depending what type of the data they are communicated by what targets in the in the network and then, um as I said, the chain code is in charge of the managing. The you know, checking it to be installed on each node and chain codes support the state database as well as the ledger data. Later data is immutable, meaning that ledger data cannot be changed and usually saved. In a log file, state databases can be altered, can be changed, can be updated uh by default.

C

Fabric supports level db, but cloud chip is highly recommended. The latest version of the fabric support the cache tb with cache which improve the performance and then, um as you say, that inside each node we have a state database and then we have a smart contract and we have a ledger from outside. You can query that and then we have something called over here. It's called off the chain database that communicate with the node and then for any participant who want to invoke that kind of the chain code.

C

They can also have a division to a fabric, there's something called the external chain called launcher and also there's another things that you guys need to watch for it. It's called chain code, live chat, live cycle management. So if you want to manage your smart contact, life cycle professionally, just look into division, two of the fabric.

C

So, basically, in this uh this talk, we cover um we learned about uh hyperledger family, meaning that the distributed leisure technologies that are supported under the hyperledger family and its ecosystem, and then what are tools and libraries that hyperledger support and offers, and then we also talks about hyperledger fabric component, and then we also briefly talk about my book and get some of the highlight of the topic that are covered in my book and uh so start some links and resources.

C

If you want to learn more, uh I have written a lot in the blockchain community since because of my articles and then um again, if you want to learn more in depth about um about the topic I discussed today and more, you can check out my book in amazon and then, uh if you have any other questions about hyperledger project that you have, you can contact my linkedin or you can check out our website uh some of the projects that you're working and then again, that's I'm ready to take you in your questions.

A

Thank you matt for your presentation. If there's already some questions for mats, we can give it five minutes next.

B

Hello, I have a question: please sure what language are used in the project inside your book.

C

Oh, we are using very simple in our book. We are using javascript, very simple, javascript.

B

How about interconnecting two different blockchains, like ethereum and the fabric.

C

Sorry, what you're saying is that you see for the syrian. We use solidity right, javascript um for the fabric, you have different choices, you can use javascript, you can use java or python or google.

B

I mean if I want to make an application that make use of two different blockchains, like example, fabric for internal asset management,.

C

B

Got it ethereum forebearing exactly exactly so.

C

Good question, so basically, if you want to do that, as you can use the hyperledger peso, it's a hyperledger baseball right, hyperledger basu can work with hybrid projects right, public and private right. You can use hyperledger basu or you can use one of the libraries that uh I have covered that you can usually use that library. um Like beru. You know that you can connect your private blockchain network with users public production network. So you basically you need to create a hybrid. You can use the hybrid uh hyperledger like high pressure ps2 or barrel.

C

Does that make sense.

B

uh What kind of bridge will be used to link the tool uh yeah so.

C

It's called hyperledger.

C

Is just work: it's just stand between their fabric and siri and let them communicate with one another.

D

C

Very much if I can add.

D

Is also something that might be interesting for you in this case, because the roon can also um which I will talk about next- um can also give you some interpretability between blockchain, so just a smaller.

C

Exactly there are some solutions like that available outside too, to do that, because that's uh hybrid blockchain is very hot topic nowadays, so we can, um you know, matthews can also give you more insight on that. Any more other questions.

A

uh We have another question from mehran um hi matt, thanks for the nice presentation. Is there any good alternative for hp composer.

C

Hp hyphen h, so that's a good questions. Actually I get these questions because composer was deprecated um so unfortunately not but, for example, ibm has his own console inside ibm and I'm not sure aws. Aws might also have something like that that help you to monitor uh the the network, but unfortunately there is nothing exactly like. Like the composer it used to be composer before right, you can do everything can be done on the ui right.

C

There is nothing like that, but um but again, if you're using ibm ibm has its own console ui console you can do that oracle has its own ui inside the platform. I suggest you look into those. um You know the ui the platform converts. Another question is: how can we start learning and get some kinds of experience again? I might if you want to learn uh the first thing. You have to know what how the blockchain works and if you know that, then um I think you can get the book like mines.

C

You know something like that that you start. I think this next step after you know in blockchain, you have to pick up a platform. If you want to build a private blockchain network.

C

Hyperledger's best buy book would be enough for you to know it, um but if you want to do anything like a public uh to pick up the book for sirium and you can learn it and okay, if you want someone who developed development, what so, if you want to develop to the hyperledger project, um join the hyperledger wikipedia page- and there is a hyphen ledger- has opens a very good community. You can join the developer community.

C

Then they um they're gonna, accept you under github, then you can contribute to the project and um okay, that's and then um is there any other question.

B

Yes, yes, I have a question hi. um Thank you very much for the presentation. My question is please. um I want to take something away from this meeting and can I get some more explainer on what the oddra oddra does. I understand that that's part of the component of the iphone legend fabric and I assume that these components also come on to all other family family members of our college. So I don't know what exactly does the audra does? How does it work.

C

So the order again in a very simple language is that um so, basically the way that blockchain works is like this. Like so the transaction comes and turns there is no intermediatory right transaction comes, they need to be validated before they add to their ledger right. So someone someone need to act as intermediate right, take the transaction, validate them and add them to the ledger right. That's the job of order right, the order, orders, you know, orders and validate and add the transaction to the ledger. Does that make sense.

B

Absolutely thank you. Thank you. Thank you very much.

A

Thank you, matt. For the time you took to answer the question and for your presentation I would say I'll hand the word to matthias now.

C

Okay sure and then again one thing is that thanks again stephanie, I have another talk in hyperledger community dc. I have to jump on that in 10 minutes. So but uh again, if anyone have a question, just add me linkedin. I would be happy to answer them after this presentation and thanks again stephanie. Thank you. Bye.

A

Thank you, matt bye, bye,.

D

All right, yeah I'll share my screen.

D

So, can you see it.

A

D

All right good, then, I will start with my presentation about the peruvian framework, so I think we got a pretty nice overview for matt about what is all what all exists in um in hyperledger and yeah. There are so many libraries and tools that you can use and haroon is a hyperledger labs project, so we are not a full project. Yet we joined um middle of last year and the perun framework um summarized in one sentence is for enabling enabling scalability and interoperability through station technology on and across blockchains.

D

So the goal is to get more scalability and interoperability between blockchains and the framework is designed in a way so that it can work with arbitrary blockchain backends. So you can use it with ethereum. You can potentially use it with hyperledger fabric.

D

The framework core is is a concrete set of protocols, but you can plug in arbitrary backends, for which you have a backend implementation. I will explain a bit more on that in a second and the project originated from a series of research works which focused on how can we scale ethereum? For example? How can we scale big blockchain networks and this research started at theo darmstadt in germany and very early on bosch joined as an industry partner?

D

And since then end of last year, we founded a small startup company out of that project, which is called polycrypt and that's basically, where we currently are so um just a few words also what polycrypt does. Overall, we have the pattern, product stream, which focuses on scaling peer-to-peer interactions.

D

So, for example, if you want to have a high number of transactions between a small number of parties, which is a fixed set of parties like, for example, you want to do micro payments, or you want to realize some gaming logic where you know there are a fixed set of participants and the outcome should be paid out in some sense over ethereum, then peron is a very good solution for that.

D

If you are more looking on scaling marketplaces and trading nfts, we have another product stream for that which is called nerd, and this focus on another technology more similar to roll-ups.

D

But perun is based on state channel technology, and this was what we will focus on today. We.

C

Also, do consulting.

D

And develop prototypes for for customers. So if you have interest in that any type of yeah researching scaling solutions for blockchains for your application, let us know so what problem is the pyruvate framework? Tackling the first thing that it tries to solve is scalability that this is an issue- maybe many of you know already, but it will briefly summarize this situation so especially on the public, large blockchains, bitcoin and ethereum.

D

We have a certain transaction throughput limit and this is about five to 15 transactions globally per second for each of these networks- and this is this- is just the limit that you can reach with these technologies, because you need to distribute all the transactions across the whole global network.

D

The settlement takes time at least one block mining and in a theorem it's a bit quicker. It takes about 15 seconds for mining, one block and bitcoin is more like 60 seconds, but it's depending on the use case, quite a considerable amount of time and fees of course, because there are such high loads nowadays on these networks, fees have been rising and rising and converted to us dollar.

D

You have several dollars of fees, at least even for the most simple transaction, and on top of that, the fees are varying a lot depending on the load of the network, which we can see over time.

D

The fees definitely seem to be going up for a year um and the second problem that is is a rather more recent one, but maybe as well important as the scalability problem is the interoperability between different networks. So we have ethereum nowadays, which is a large blockchain network, very widely used for decentralized finance applications.

D

But there are many more blockchain networks coming up like binance or like polka dot, which I indicate here and natively. These networks, or users on these networks cannot transact with each other, and this is also something that I've questioned on. The previous talk was referring to. I think- and this is also something that we are addressing with the state channel technology.

D

So now I would like to give you a very rough idea how that works so consider we have two clients and they decide that they want to interact with each other. They want to do some transactions with blockchain tokens, but they like to do it at a high volume, with a lot of transactions in the short number of time and at low fees, and the prerequisite for this is that they need to deploy the peru smart contract on the blockchain that they are targeting and the peru smart contract will act as an adjudication mechanism.

D

It will basically act as an entity that a decentralized entity that withholds the funds that are then available in the in the transaction channel that the parties open and it will also resolve any disputes that the parties may have.

D

So how does that work once the parties decide? They want to interact with each other and open and prune channel they deposit a certain amount of funds. They make an agreement. Okay, we want to have 10 ether each in the channel and we want to be able to trade off chain on the second layer.

D

So once they deposited the funds into the smart contract, they can consider the parent channel on layer, 2, open and now the parent channel technology gives you a guarantee that any state or any transaction that you do on the second layer without interacting with a smart contract, can eventually be redeemed on the smart contract and be paid out.

D

So we can now achieve without any interaction with those ledger. Peer-To-Peer payments at basically unlimited scalability without any costs, because it's just sending net network packages over the internet, for example,.

D

We also can extend this construction, that the clients are even swapping assets between different networks, so alice uh the party on the left-hand side.

D

The client on the left-hand side could be sitting on ethereum and bob who could could put funds from the binary smart chain network or polka dot into the channel, and they could still interact with each other, and the smart contracts in this case would have to be deployed on both chains and would guarantee that any interaction, any agreement that they take off chain will eventually be resolved on both of the chains, and so they can automatically trade across chains.

D

And all of this is based, as I said, on our series of research results and we have a security proof for the protocols that our library builds on and either in the optimistic case, or also in the pessimistic case. At some point. At least one of the parties will decide that they want to settle the channel, and um then they will go to the smart contract and the result of the off chain agreement will be paid out.

D

um So that's a rough idea.

D

So what does the rune framework consist of at the core of the framework there's the gopro library which, which you can see in the middle? If you have a full client, you will directly write an application that talks to the um library, gopro library directly.

D

If you have a lite client like an iot client for example, or just a web browser client, then you will probably interact through note and we have several nodes available that can make the the roon technology work on on on light clients as well at the core of the gopro roon library, is the state channel logic. So these are the protocols that are described from the papers and we implement these protocols against abstract interfaces.

D

So especially the blockchain interface is just an app the blockchain, a connection is just an abstract interface and you can implement that interface for your favorite blockchain. We currently have implementations for ethereum for the cosmos network and for polkadot we're thinking about adding a hyperledger fabric implementation as well. This works for almost any blockchain, so you can write your clients somewhat independent, of what um what kind of blockchain you want to use in the end- and this is also true.

D

Similarly for the network for the messaging between the clients, we are not fixed on one specific mechanism. We can either send messages via tcp ip or you can plug in your favorite message, broker the same accounts for persistence, layer and the logging layer as well.

D

So we really try to design the library so that you can make it useful in any scenario or application context that that suits your application. The best uh to give you a very rough idea of how the code looks when you work with this library, the library is written in golang, so the first line we have some prerequisites which we need to instantiate. The bus is the messaging layer, then the layer that the component that does the the deposit in the beginning that funds the channel is one object.

D

Then the adjudicator, basically the abstraction for the for the contract logic for the adjudication of the channels.

D

If there is a if the channel should be settled optimistically or pessimistically in a dispute case, this is done by the adjudicator object.

D

We have a wallet abstraction which abstracts the accounts and needs to be implemented depending on what blockchain you use- and we have also some external watching mechanism, which does some additional work on behalf of the client. But basically you can instantiate these objects, depending on your needs, depending on the application context and then create a parent client out of it, and this client then needs to watch for incoming channel proposals or incoming updates on an already open channel. The client can also be used to open a new channel in this case.

D

This is a specific type of a channel called ledger channel, it's the most basic type of channel.

D

So to do that, we can call proposed channel input, the proposal that we generated and it will contact um the clients written here in the proposal. So in the proposal he would say I want to open a channel with that client at that address and the proposal will contain that information and the library will open the connection with that client and establish a parent payment or state channel and updating the state and doing payments for your channel is by by the method update buy.

D

So you can specify how you want to do a payment or some arbitrary logic on that channel, and this is done here and if you're done with transacting option and want to redeem your funds on chain, then you can call settle. So that's a very rough idea.

D

um How are we doing with time yeah? I think this should be fine, so I also have a small demo, video that shows you how that works, um how that looks as in a browser. So we have two clients, one on the left, one on the right, and this is on testnet. I think so. You click on one client. You can now decide you want to open the channel with another client. You paste the address of the client.

D

You um enter the funding of the of the channel that you want the amount of funds that you want to have available and then, when you send it, the proposal received will be received by the other client and he can either accept opening a channel and putting the funds into it or he can reject it. But in this case we will accept.

D

Then of course we both have to formally agree via a signature. This is done via metamask signatures here and now on. The channel funds will be to be deposited and the channel will be ready to be used off-chain.

D

So now we can send, for example, here three ether from one client to the other. We have to confirm that with the signature and as you can see immediately, the transaction will be visible. On the other side, we have to confirm that we want to receive this. The funds via the channel and within yeah within an instant. This transaction is confirmed, and I think we do another transaction here from the right client to the left client with a smaller amount. Again we sign it.

D

Yeah, so we sign it at counter sign and both parties have to agree, and then, when we are happy with the result, we can close the channel. This is again requires a signature we need to indicate. We want to close the channel now.

D

B

Other party will accept.

D

And then the funds will be transferred on the contract and will be available on the global public blockchain once the channel is closed.

D

Yeah, so that's the the the flow that um the channel protocol works and that's also um yeah. Basically the end of my presentation I want to summarize um here so what you should have learned today is that the pyramid framework is a toolkit for enhancing scalability and interoperability for blockchain applications. It can be used with almost any blockchain that you implemented the backend, for we already have backends for ethereum polkadot and the cosmos network, and potentially the future. We are planning to implement additional blockchain backends, for example, for fabric.

D

If you want to support us there, let us know we also yeah, look out what custom potential customers, for example, would need. um We are also working on further developing our light client implementation on iot devices, which might be then, in the end, a rust implementation for very small devices so that we can really deploy it on on small resource constraint.

D

Devices where the full go library could not work, and then we are also. We have uh yeah the the protocols thought out how we can enable the question transactions, but we have not fully implemented um the functionality yet and that's something that we are currently working on as well, so that we can really open a channel, like I um explained, between a client on ethereum and a client on binance, marching, for example, and that would be the target for. uh um I think q1 next year.

A

D

Yes, that's that's. It.

A

Thank you for the very, very insightful presentation, and now we have already one question uh for you on the chat.

B

A

It's from athalis um how would perune defer to a layer, 2 solution like polygon,.

D

Yeah, so I think polygon has multiple so correct me if I'm wrong, but I think polygon has multiple different layer, 2 solutions, and maybe they also provide some stage technology there, so they might to some extent follow a similar approach. What makes perun a special is that we can. We are not targeting one specific blockchain with our protocol.

D

You can use peru, basically for any blockchain that you want and if you have written application with perun that you usually run on ethereum, it's pretty simple to port that application. If you decide okay well, maybe hyperledger fabric is a very interesting blockchain as well, and customers might like it.

D

You don't need to change much of your code to make it work on hyperledger effect, brick as well. So that's something unique about karoon and I think polygon overall yeah has a diff somewhat different scope. They they do more than just state channels, and their stationary solution is also different, at least in this aspect. If not more now,.

D

Yeah so um yeah, so it might not have looked like it because we needed to in the demo that I showed because we needed to manually sign everything, but we also have a cli demo, which works on the command line. Where you don't need to agree on all the signature generations, and we achieve that, you can actually download it.

D

You can find it via or github pages, and we achieve over a thousand transactions per second there. So you can run it on your pc. You can run the benchmark command, it's described in the readme, and you can see how many transactions you can do on your computer, but usually it's at least 500 per second, if not.

B

A more point of failure between two blockchains.

D

uh If there's a point of failure between two blockchains or.

B

Yes, it's also a centralized media that supplies the proxy.

D

So we don't necessarily need that. The idea is that you can basically for the protocol. It does not matter so much if you have, um if you have a smart contract deployed only on one blockchain or if you use smart contracts on, for example, two different blockchains with the same logic.

D

The smart contract will always be the point of mediation and there is no additional central party necessary. um So you don't have one point of failure. If, if you are not happy with the so, for example, it could happen, you you open a channel with a party that has funds on a different blockchain.

D

You want to swap your funds from ethereum with the person's funds from from polkadot, then you need to deposit your funds on a theorem into a theorem per roon contract and the other person needs to deposit their funds into the polkadon polkadot perum contract, and then they can transact on the channel. The channel will have a reference to um to the ethereum chain and to the pocket.chain. Basically in the channel.

D

You will see that now we have assets from two different and if some, if one of the parties of the interaction goes away and does not want to talk to you anymore, then you can go. For example, this party might previously send you some some funds and then deny to close the channel, but then you can go to the polkadot blockchain contract and say okay.

D

Here I have a statement that is signed by this party that these funds should be transferred to me and then you will be able to withdraw these funds on the polka dot network to your polkadot network account. So you need an account on each of the blockchains, but there is no trusted third party necessary to make these transactions work. They are atomic in the way that they are.

D

B

Still is in the middle.

D

Peyron is just a library per roon. Is the technology there's no party, the clients will run the peru library that they are basically independent.

D

You kind of need to trust as us as the developers that we implemented the protocols right, but that's the case with all software, um so each client will run the peru library on his device and there's no middleman necessary to be trusted, or so there's just the interaction between two clients and the blockchains.

A

Matias, there's actually like another question, for you probably like the last uh it's the time um and thank you for actually answering to the other. Questions um is perune compatible with flare or cardano now or in the future.

D

Yeah, that's an interesting question, so flair- actually I don't know much about so this is not necessarily on the roadmap with cardano we talked and there are plans, and they are also in favor of our project. They like it. I think this is yeah. I can say this, but it's a bit more difficult um to uh so it's it's cardano will be a smart contract system that is utxo based like bitcoin and all the implementations that we did so far are um like us account based like ethereum.

D

I think also fabric will probably be account based on so the so it's a bit more work than than for the other uh back ends, and this is why uh well not not so far yet, but it's it's thought to be on the roadmap.

A

Great, so thank you matthias for the answer and we just have one minute more. So I would like to thanks to thank um matt and matthias who participated and gave us uh their insights and introduced us to the perun network and the the book of matt, and I also would like to thank you david uh for co-austin, and thank you to all the attendees uh who have joined and engaged today and I'll, see you to the next cyber ledger: meetup, berlin, and to stay um updated.

A

You can just uh subscribe to the eyebrow ledger: berlin, meetup page here on the chat and stay tuned for upcoming meetups. Thank you and have a nice day.

D

Yeah, thank you for hosting bye.

A