►
Description
A virtual meetup hosted by Hyperledger London featuring Conor Svensson. In 2015, the United Nations created 17 goals for sustainable development. These interdependent goals would pave the way for a better future for all by 2030. At Web3 Labs, we believe that blockchain can play a pivotal role in meeting these targets. In this talk Conor Svensson discusses each goal and provides examples of blockchain’s incredible potential to make the world a better place.
More about the event is at: https://www.meetup.com/Hyperledger-London/events/276144653/
More about the Climate Action and Accountability Special Interest Group mentioned in the talk is at: https://wiki.hyperledger.org/display/CASIG/
----
Hyperledger – Open Source Blockchain Technologies
Hyperledger is an open source community focused on developing a suite of stable frameworks, tools and libraries for enterprise-grade blockchain deployments.
It serves as a neutral home for various distributed ledger frameworks including Hyperledger Besu, Fabric, Sawtooth, Indy, as well as tools like Hyperledger Avalon, Cactus and libraries like Hyperledger Aries, Ursa. Learn more about Hyperledger projects: https://www.hyperledger.org/use
Case Studies: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/case-studies
Training & Certification: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/training
Tutorials: https://www.hyperledger.org/use/tutorials
Webinars: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/webinars
Events: https://www.hyperledger.org/events
Vendor Directory: https://www.hyperledger.org/use/vendor-directory
Subscribe to the Hyperledger Newsletter: https://www.hyperledger.org/newsletter
Follow-us on Twitter @Hyperledger
Learn about Hyperledger Membership: https://www.hyperledger.org/about/join
#Hyperledger #HyperledgerMeetups #Blockchain
A
A
A
A
B
A
Great
yeah,
igor,
if
you
want
to
kick
off
yeah,
of
course,
hello,
everyone,
it's
pleasure
to
meet
you
and
host
you,
hello,
conor,
a
few
words,
and
maybe
some
small
talk
about
you
and
your
and
your
path
to
to
blockchain
to
this
place.
So
could
you
share
us
what
you
are
doing
now?
You
are
a
ceo
and
founder
of
web
web
free
labs,
but
maybe
from
the
beginning,
when
when
did
you
hear
about
the
blockchain
first
time
and
what
did
you
feel.
B
Okay,
so
I'll,
I
I've
got
kind
of
a
background
that
I'll
do
in
the
talk
but
yeah
in
terms
of
what
pulled
me
into
blockchain.
In
the
first
instance,
it
was
back
in
2016
and
it
was
actually
when
I
learned
that
you
could
mine
ethereum
using
commodity,
just
gpus,
and
so
I
built
an
ethereum
mining
rig
and
then
started
scratching
beneath
the
surface
of
the
technology.
B
But
what
really
you
know
got
me
about?
It
was
that
it
was
really
that
yeah
I've
been
very
into
the
proprietary
unix
unixes
and
you
know
when
they
transitioned
to
being
open
source
such
as
sun
solaris
and
and
seen
how
linux
had
displaced
it,
because
linux
had
a
very
powerful
community
and
back
then
I
saw
a
similar
thing
happening
with
really
the
ethereum
community
and
it
being
more
than
just
the
bitcoin
network,
but
just
this
kind
of
force
force,
for
you
know
just
achieving
a
lot.
B
B
Yes,
some
people
may
argue
it's
a
fringe
technology,
but
I
think
that
there's
some
very
clear
use
cases
for
what
it
is
very
good
at,
and
I
yeah
that's
kind
of
what
kind
of
brought
me
into
the
space
and
but
I'll
talk
specifically
about
why
the
sustainable
development
goals
as
well.
Once
we
get
going
with
the
talk,
but
also
hyperledger
as
well.
B
Libraries
for
blockchains-
and
you
know
it
was
kind
of
that
that
was
my
first
point
of
contact
and
then
since
then,
I've
kind
of
you
know
times
been
on
the
fringes,
but
some
other
times
been
more
actively
involved
and
right
now,
anyway,
I'm
truly
know
trying
to
contribute
what
I
can
to
the
climate
action
and
sorry
the
climate
action
and
accounting
special
interest
group
within
hyperledger,
which
I'm
finding
there's
some
really
good
dialogues
happening
there.
So
it's
that's.
A
A
B
B
B
So
let
me
just
check,
first
of
all
that
I'm
doing
this
right.
Okay,
so
yeah,
I'm
the
founder
and
ceo
of
web3
labs
we're
a
blockchain
technology
company.
We
work
with
large
companies
to
help
them
harness
the
disruptive
potential
of
blockchain,
for
you
know,
be
a
digital
assets
or
you
know,
managing
their
data
or
simplifying
their
complex
business
processes.
B
I
think
people
are
calling
them
and
and
that's
at
a
week
in
blockchain.com
and
it's
on
all
of
the
main
kind
of
you
know.
Podcasting
platforms
too
and
there's
I'll
have
a
link
to
that.
At
the
end,
I
originally
authored
a
a
library
called
web3j,
which
is
the
java
and
android
integration
library
for
ethereum,
and
that
was
kind
of
you
know
my
first
big
commitment
to
the
the
space.
It's
still
a
very
widely
used
library
and
we
very
actively
maintain
it.
It's
coming
up
to
one
million
downloads
and
it's
used
by
some.
B
You
know
influential
companies
like
samsung,
jp,
morgan,
ubs
and
opera
browser
in
their
their
blockchain
offerings.
I've
been
very
involved
in
a
number
of
industry
organizations
as
well
during
the
last
few
years
with
the
enterprise
ethereum
alliance.
I
was
their
technical
specification
working
group
chair,
which
really
was
responsible
for
producing
the
the
first
enterprise
ethereum
standards
documents,
as
in
you
know,
following
you
know
the
sort
of
technical
standards
that
come
out
of
organizations
like
w3c
and
ieee.
B
Sig
web3
labs
is
clients,
they
include.
You
know
large
corporates,
like
microsoft,
jp
morgan,
but
also
some
very
blockchain-centric
companies
like
consensus
and
r3,
and
we
also
were
a
runner-up
in
microsoft's
partner
of
the
year
award
in
the
startup
category
last
year,
and
we've
received
the
funding
awards
from
from
innovate
uk
here
in
the
uk
and
also
the
ethereum
foundation.
B
B
So
the
the
un's
sustainable
development
goals.
I
you
know
it's
it's
one
of
those
things
that
had
actually
passed
me
by
for
a
number
of
years,
and
you
know
it
was
something
that
it
was.
You
know
more
recently.
I
became
very
aware
of
them,
but,
but
you
know
where
they
actually
came
from
was
that
in
you
know,
a
few
years
back,
the
un
basically
decided.
You
know
we
want
to
set
some
ambitious
targets
that
if
we
can,
you
know,
make
really
good
headway
in
these
between
now
and
2030.
B
They
will
make
the
world
a
much
better
place,
and
you
know
it's
it's
a
very,
very
powerful
narrative
there,
but
also
you
know
when
you
think
about
the
actual
goals
here.
You
know
who
who
wouldn't
actually
want
to
make
the
world
a
better
place,
but
what's
so
great
about
the
un's
sustainable
development
goals
is
that
they
actually
are
broken
down
into
a
number
of
key
topics,
and
so
you
know
when
you're,
when
you're,
you
know
I'm
most,
not
myself
like
most
people,
we
want
to
find
opportunities
to.
B
You
know,
do
good
in
this
world
and
often
it
can
be
hard
to
know
where
to
start-
and
you
know
one
of
the
I
think
the
powerful
things
about
the
sustainable
development
goals
is
that
they
kind
of
give
you
a
starting
point
where
you
can
think.
Okay.
Well,
you
know
which
of
these
topics
am
I
you
know
very
interested
in.
B
You
know
what
do
I
care
about
in
my
head
and
what
I
care
about
in
my
heart
and
seeing
seeing
ways
that
you
can
contribute
to
them,
and
so
it's
it's
a
great
source
of
inspiration,
for
you
know,
be
it
wanting
to.
You
know,
give
charities
charitably
or
you
know,
donate
your
time
to
causes,
or
just
you
know,
do
do
you
know,
work
in
business
that
has
impact
here.
I
think
they're
a
fantastic
framework
there
and
that
and
that's
why
I
wanted
to
talk
to
more
about
them.
B
But
the
other
reason
why
I
thought
that
you
know
it's
great
to
talk
about
how
blockchain
can
actually
contribute
to
them
is
is
simply
because
you
know
I
I
personally
believe
there's
a
lot
of
opportunity
for
blockchain
to
help
a
number
of
these,
and
you
know,
especially
with
blockchain.
There's
always
been
this
discussion
about.
You
know
how
long
is
it
going
to
take
for
the
the
technology
to
really
mature
and
you
know
no
longer
become
a
thing
just
you
know
it's
something
there
that's
kind
of
running
behind
the
scenes.
B
You
know
I'd
say
even
though
the
more
conservative
people
would
probably
agree
with
that
statement
as
well,
and
you
know,
given
that
the
sustainable
sustainable
development
goals
or
sgd
sgds
are
focused
really
on
the
next
well
nine
years
now.
I
think
there's
kind
of
this
nice
synergy
in
that
you
know
we
thought
we're
thinking
about
these
almost
10-year
time
horizons
and
also
blockchain's
well-placed
to
actually
kind
of
align
with
those,
and
so
that's.
You
know
another
reason
why
I
think
there's
a
really
nice
kind
of
synergy
between
the
two
here.
B
But
each
of
them
has
got
like
a
number
of
sub
aims
so
that
you
know
they
can
really
quantify
what
they're
trying
to
achieve
and
they're
they're
a
great
source
of
data
there
as
well,
and
you
know
for
as
you
go
deeper
so
so
so.
Hence
you
know
with
each
of
these.
I'm
framing
them
from
a
specific
angle
that
of
course,
yes,
it
does
align
nicely
with
blockchain,
but
also
you
know
it.
It's
it's
pulled
from.
You
know
an
angle
that
the
the
un's
sgds
have
actually
discussed.
B
I
thought
you
know
I
I
where,
where,
where
possible
too,
I'm
providing
examples
as
well
of
companies
and
technologies
and
organizations
that
are
you
know
working
towards
these
sustainable
development
goals
too,
and
you
know
really.
The
point
here
is-
is
not
to
sort
of
call
out
or
have
favoritism
for
specific
ones.
It's
more
of
a
general
statement
about
here's,
an
example
of
a
company.
B
That's
supporting
this
because
you
know
yes,
there's
you
know
lots
of
discussions
about
people's
favorite
protocols
or
products,
or
you
know
whatever
else,
in
the
blockchain
ecosystem,
but
really
here
what
I'm
interested
in
doing
is
just
highlighting
some
of
the
great
work.
That's
being
done,
that's
conducive
to
these
goals,
but
there's
so
many
other
examples
out
there,
and
just
because
I'm
using
it
here
doesn't
necessarily
mean.
I
specifically,
you
know.
B
Okay,
so
we
will
get
going
now
and
we'll
start
by
talking
about
number
one
which
is
no
poverty,
and
so
you
know
the
angle
here
that
we're
thinking
about
is
how
you
know
with
with
poor
and
vulnerable
people.
You
know
if
they
have
greater
access
to
economic
resources,
then
that
can
actually
you
know,
help
provide
them
with
the
assistance
they
need
to
live.
You
know
in
a
less
poverty
stricken
way,
and
so
of
course,
everyone's
heard
about
you
know
the
opportunity,
for
you
know
that
you
know
with
bitcoin.
B
You
know
more.
Well,
it's
it's
more
than
modern.
It's
you
know,
it's
very
much,
so
you
know
cutting
edge
type
financial
technology
because
you
know
even
in
in
the
more
developed
parts
of
the
world.
Blockchain's,
not
you
know
the
backbone
of
these
technologies,
but
in
in
these
more
developing
areas,
as
it
was
the
case
with
you
know
the
telephone
networks
being
able
to
jump
straight
to
sort
of
originally
3g
4g.
Now
5g,
there's
a
similar
thing
there
with
the
potential
for
blockchain,
and
so
I
think
you
know
sellers.
B
B
But
the
distribution
of
that
cash
is
is
a
real
problem
due
to
poor
financial
infrastructure,
and
you
have
issues
like
corruption
and
so
on.
That
can
stop
the
the
money
reaching
the
intended.
You
know
recipients
and
then,
even
if
it
does
reach
them,
then
someone
could
steal
it
from
them
and
so
again,
there's
challenges
there.
B
They
had
a
way
in
which
people
could
be
identified
in
a
you
know
in
in
in
this,
in
a
safe
and
reliable
manner,
and
then
they
had
they.
They
basically
had
wallets
on
the
ledger
that
were
tied
to
them,
and
so
then,
when
people
wanted
to
be
able
to,
you
know
use
that
money
for
food
in
these
refugees.
How
quickly
are
scientists
and
researchers.
A
B
A
B
A
B
Awesome,
yes,
so
so,
with
these
syrian
refugees,
basically,
you
know
they.
They
had
cash
associated
with
their
identities
on
the
blockchain,
which
enabled
them
to
you
know
be
able
to
spend
to.
You
know,
buy
food
and
and
so
on,
and
you
know
the
great
thing
here
is
that
you
know
by
having
the
money
going
in
and
being
distributed
via
the
blockchain
you
had,
you
didn't
have
those
intermediaries
that
could
potentially
jump
in
part.
B
Okay,
so
the
next
one
number
three
good
health
and
well-being-
and
you
know
especially
right
now-
you
know
this
last
year,
you
know
with
what
what's
happened
with
covid
and
you
know
how
it's
affected
so
many
lives,
and
you
know
now
you
know
hopefully
with
the
vaccines
emerging
it
will.
You
know,
help
help.
People
to
you
know
start
to
get
back
to
some
degree
of
normality,
but
the
you
know
the
distribution
of
these.
These
vaccines
is
incredibly
challenging
for
in
pharmaceutical
supply
chains.
B
B
In
order
not
to
you
know,
be
weight
go
to
waste,
and
so
you
know,
there's
by
by
utilizing
the
sort
of
blockchain
supply
chain
capabilities
where
you
can
be
certain
that
goods
going
in
transit
have
gone
through
the
specific
routes
that
you
intend
that
they
have
gone
through,
but
also
as
they've
gone
through.
Those
they
haven't
been.
You
know
exposed
to
any
you
know:
temperature
variation
say
that
could
spoil
the
the
goods.
Being
you
know
transferred
is
very
important,
and
so
this
is,
you
know,
another
great
opportunity
for
blockchain.
B
B
The
world
health
organization
themselves,
you
know
actually
estimates
that
on
the
falsification
side
that
one
in
ten
medical
products
is,
you
know
substandard
or
falsified.
So
imagine
you
know
if
you
have
this
information
on
a
shared
ledger,
just
the
the
actual
power
that
it
can
provide
that
and
confidence
that,
when
these
things
are
being
given
to
people
that
they
are
actually
getting
the
genuine
article
there-
and
you
know
when
it
comes
to
health,
that's
so
important.
B
For
you
know,
making
information
available
to
everyone
you
know
is
the
barrier
to
entry
is,
of
course
an
internet
connection,
but
you
know
people
in
you
know
all
the
different
corners
of
the
world
can
going
to
get
world-class
educations
online
from
you
know,
various
different
sources
from
the
you
know,
top
top
academics
at
the
best
academic
institutions,
and
but
but
but
again
there
are
some
yeah
and,
and
this
in
itself
can
provide
great
opportunities
to
pro.
You
know
for
greater
socioeconomic
mobility
and
as
a
result
of
that
reduced
poverty.
B
However,
again
there
can
be
challenges
with.
Actually
you
know
people,
especially
if
they're
from
a
you
know
they
haven't
gone
to
sort
of
a
well-respected
educational
institution
or
a
well-known
one.
There
can
be
some
challenges
there
with
being
able
to
prove
that
they
do
have
the
qualifications
that
they
that
they
say
they
do,
and
you
know
again
it's
another
example
where
you
know
the
authenticity
guarantees
that
blockchain
can
provide
around
say,
academic
credentials.
Here
is
another
great
opportunity
for
the
technology
and
helping
you
know
further.
B
The
the
reach
of
this
quality
education
odem
is
a
provider
of
this
sort
of
online
learning,
where
you
know
they
have
a
wide
variety
of
courses
available
and
they
provide
certificate,
certifications
of
the
people
achieving
these.
These
learnings
through
a
blockchain
there's
many
other
providers
doing
similar
things,
but
this
is
just
you
know
one
example
of
it:
gender
equality
as
well.
B
You
know
the
stats
here
are
on
the
slide.
You
know
6.5
million
members,
81
of
whom
were
women
across
46
countries,
and
so
you
know
it's
a
very
powerful
illustration
of
a
company
who's
managed
to
actually
you
know
have
him
be
impactful
for
these.
You
know
for
for
females
in
these
communities
and
but
also
by
you
know
you
making
use
of
blockchain
technology
behind
the
scenes
there,
as
well
with
their
vslas.
B
On
top
of
that
to
actually
you
know,
pay
these
communities
because
again
they
might
be
in
a
place
where
there
is.
You
know,
limitations
in
terms
of
you
know
what
financial
infrastructure
exists
to
them,
and
so
it's
you
know
another
very
powerful.
You
know
opportunity
for
the
technology
here,
and
this
is
something
that
early
last
year,
deloitte
and
ibm
actually
produced
a
you
know
a
very
useful
report
on
to
provide
some
context
around.
You
know
how
you
can
use
iot
with
blockchain
to
control
water
pollution.
B
Okay,
so
number
seven
affordable
and
clean
energy.
There's
more
and
more.
You
know
everyone
is
seeing
the
importance
of
this,
and
in
you
know,
most
countries,
you
know
electricians,
you
know
power
or
utility
operators,
and
so
on
are
starting
to
recognize
that
the
even
the
consumer
demand
for
being
able
to
see.
B
You
know
where
the
energy
is
coming
from
and
that
it's
coming
from
clean
sources-
and
you
know
often
people
would
be
happy
to
pay
a
premium
in
order
to
get
that
and
and
but
one
of
the
things
you
know
with
these
cleaner
energy
sources
is
that
they
need
to
be
able
to.
If
you
have
like
a
you
know,
a
grid
operator
that
maybe
there's
many
many
grids
of
solar
panels
and
then
they're
selling
that
power
to
a
a
utility.
You
know
more
conventional
utility
operator
who
then
distributes
it
to
consumers
and
businesses.
B
They
you
know
they
will
get
reimbursed
based
on
how
much
you
know,
power
they're
producing,
but
they
need
to
be
able
to
provide.
You
know
authenticity
guarantees
about
the
data,
that's
actually
being
measured
in
terms
of
the
you
know.
The
the
readings
like
this,
the
amount
of
I
mean
electricity,
their
solar
panels
are
generating,
is
actually
accurate.
B
Decent
work
and
economic
growth-
and
you
know-
I
think
one
of
the
fascinating
things
about
blockchain
technology
is
that
you
know
some
of
these
public
blockchains.
They
they
run
on
the
internet
and
they're.
Just
you
know:
they're
creating
whole
new
business
opportunities
for
individuals
and
businesses.
You
know
where
you
don't
need.
You
know,
you
don't
need
an
office,
you
don't
even
necessarily
need
a
conventional
currency
to
do
it.
You
just
need
to
be
able
to
access
the
network,
and
so
I
think
this
is
a
fascinating
area.
B
Where
you
know,
blockchain
is
not
only
disrupting
the
landscape
in
terms
of
you
know,
taking
some
opportunities
away
from
the
incumbents,
but
it's
also
in
creating
entirely
new
business
models,
in
the
same
way
that
the
internet
did
historically
as
well
with
people
having
these
sort
of
you
know
remote
businesses
or
lifestyle
businesses,
and
you
know
just
not
having
to
work
in
an
office.
I
think
that
you
know
blockchain
because
of
the
the
fact
that
a
lot
of
these
public
blockchain
networks
have
got
crypto
economics.
B
They
well
economic
systems,
baked
into
them
via
crypto
currencies.
It
provides
these
great
new
opportunities
for
businesses
to
to
be
created
and
what's
happening
in
the
decentralized
finance
world
is,
is
a
fantastic
example
of
this,
and,
of
course,
if
we're
talking
about
the
platforms
here,
I
think
it's
you
know.
Ethereum
is
a
great
one
to
speak
to
this.
B
Simply
because
you
know
ethereum
is
considered
by
many,
and
this
was
like
the
moniker
that
you
know
was
used
especially
earlier
on
and
was
that
it's
the
world's
computer,
which
I
think
really
nicely
encapsulates.
You
know
the
fact
that
this
this
global
computer
can
provide
new
opportunities
for
and
work,
and
you
know,
quality
work
as
well
for
people
who
come
up
with
the
right
ideas.
B
The
industry,
innovation
and
infrastructure-
I
again,
you
know
this
is
blockchain
networks
more
generally,
and
you
know
they
are
very
they're
open
to
everyone,
and
this
provides
this
notion
of
affordable
and
equitable
access,
for
everyone
which
is
is
is,
is
a
really
powerful
thing.
You
know
these
these
networks,
they
span
geographical
borders.
You
know
we
clearly
from
the
you
know
the
the
last
goal
when
we're
talking
about
decent
work,
jobs
and
economic
growth.
B
You
know
the
innovation
in
infrastructure
kind
of
underpin
that
so
there's
a
lot
of
crossover
between
these,
but
I
think
as
well.
You
know
when
we
think
about
the
networks
that
are
driving
this.
You
know
it's
it's
not
just
these.
You
know
business
networks,
it's
also
these
there's
consortia
and
and
and
and
you
you
also
have
like
a
great
number
of
really.
B
You
know,
if
you
think
about
you
know.
Often
these
migrant
workers
are
kind
of
you
know.
Really.
You
know
at
the
bottom
of
the
stack
in
terms
of
they.
They
you
know
could
be
working
on
many
many
hours
on
minimum
wage,
or
you
know
some
of
them
aren't
even
that
fortunate
and
then
they're
having
to
take
their
hard-earned
cash
and
then
they're
having
to
send
it.
You
know
back
to
their
families,
and
you
know
on
top
of
that
they're,
you
know
the
actual
value
is
being
reduced
by
four
percent
due
to
fees.
B
B
You
know
the
some
actual
figures
that
have
been
provided
here
is
that
five
to
twenty
percent
of
payments,
you
know
have
to
actually
manually
be
assessed
by
operational
staff
before
they
can
go
through,
which
ultimately
delays
payments
and
adds
cost
to
you
know
banks
make
doing
this
payment
processing
which
inevitably
they
pass
on
to
the
end
customer,
and
so
you
know
one
example
of
a
company
who's
really
trying
to
innovate
here
and
yes,
you
know
there
are,
of
course
questions
around.
You
know,
banks
generally,
and
you
know
their
motives
around.
B
You
know
good
climate
and
sustainability
goals,
but
the
you
know
the
key
thing
here
is
that
you
know
with
initiatives
like
the
the
linc
network
by
jp
morgan.
What
they're,
basically
doing
is
they
they're
using
blockchain
to
actually,
you
know,
simplify
and
provide
better
quality
data
for
payments,
and
so
what
they're
actually
able
to
do
is
rather
than
a
payment
potentially
getting
stuck
and
taking?
B
B
Number
11
is
on
sustainable
cities
and
communities,
and
so
you
know
the
the
the
there's
there's
so
much
fascinating
work
happening
in
the
mobility
sector,
so
the
mobility
sector
really
encompasses
things
like
you
know:
smart
cities
and
this
kind
of
interconnected.
You
know
web
of
where
you're
using
you've
got
all
these
devices
talking.
You
know
5g
and
well
really
it's
about
this
kind
of
convergence
of
ai
5g
iot
blockchain,
to
create
these
smart
cities.
Where
a
lot
of
you
know
many
more
innovations
are
possible
and
provided
sort
of
hyper
connectivity.
B
You
know
examples
of
some
of
the
sorts
of
things
here
that
you
want
to
be
able
to
achieve.
Having.
Maybe
you
know
idle
electric
vehicles
being
able
to
contribute
spare
capacity
to
power
grids?
Of
course
they
they
want
to
be
paid
a
micro
transaction
for
doing
that
as
a
service,
which
is
something
that
the
blockchains
are
very
good
at
and
then
you
know
even
workers.
You
know
right
now.
Things
have
changed
a
little
bit
in
terms
of
the
you
know
the
size
of
the
workforce
that
are
actually
remote.
B
The
challenge
historically
has
always
been
that
you
have
one
device
wanting
to
talk
to
another
device
and
you
can
maybe
establish
a
common
protocol
for
them.
But
then,
when
those
protocols
you
want
to
bake
business
logic
into
them,
and
you
want
those
that
business
logic
to
span
more
than
one
organization,
it
becomes
very
complex
to
agree
on
a
common
standard
and
blockchain
networks
do
actually
provide
a
common
standard.
B
You
know,
yes,
it
is
dependent
on
the
protocol
of
the
network,
that's
selected,
but
it
provides
commonality
that
can
be
used
for
these
devices
to
talk
to
one
another,
and
so
I
encourage
you
just
to
have
a
look
at
some
of
the
the
work
that
bosch
is
doing
there
to
to
get
inspired,
responsible
consumption
and
production,
and
this
one
of
the
angles
of
this
is
sustainable.
Investing,
and
you
know
this
is
something
that's
had
a
huge
upsurge.
B
Fortunately
during
the
covid
period,
because
I
think
you
know,
certainly
the
concern
for
many
was
that
harvard
comes
along
when
it
came
along
was
that
everyone
would
stop
thinking
about
the
sustainability
and
the
you
know
the
the
climate
side
of
things
just
because
so
many
businesses
were
on
their
knees.
But
you
know
one
of
the
one
of
the
fortunate
things
that
we
have
seen
during
this
this
last
year.
Is
that
you
know
so
many
businesses
really
are.
B
You
know
pushing
even
further
into
you
know
the
the
climate
related
targets,
and
so
you
know
investors
are
really
waking
up
to
this
as
well,
and
so
you
know
a
projection
by
the
ft.
Late
last
year
was
that
they
believed
that
assets
and
sustainable
investment
products
in
europe
were
going
to
reach
7.6
trillion
over
the
next
five
years,
which
actually
means
that
the
assets
in
sustainable
investment
products
would
actually
outnumber
conventional
funds
by
2025..
B
You
want
to
see
how
those
offsets
were
you
know
where
they
ultimately
came
from
then
blockchain
can
provide
that
provenance.
There
organizations
can
also
use
blockchain
to
verify
reports.
I
mean
there's
some
great
use
cases
actually,
even
when
you
step
out
of
esg,
but
just
seeing
what
microsoft's
xbox
division
have
done,
for
instance,
with
respect
to
drastically
reducing
their
reporting
burden.
You
know
using
blockchain
there,
and
you
know.
B
So
in
terms
of
taking
actual
climate
action,
you
know
the
the
one
of
the
ways
in
which
companies
take
climate
action
is
by
you
know
by
is
is
by
interacting
with
what
are
called
the
voluntary
carbon
markets,
which
is
basically
where
they
say.
You
know
we're
we're
creating
carbon,
so
we
want
to
buy
carbon
offsets
that
are
produced
by
a
project
to
you
know,
reduce
our
overall
footprints,
and
when
that
is
the
case,
the
buyer
needs
to
be
genuine.
That
needs
to
be
certain.
B
There's
a
real
push
there
to
to
you
know,
reduce
the
overall
emissions,
and
so
something
that
the
world
bank
has
been
pioneering
here
is
their
climate
warehouse
where
they're
actually
developing
a
blockchain
based
meta
registry,
so
so
that
they
can
have.
They
can
combine
climate
data
from
multiple
nations
into
a
searchable
registry.
So
you
can
see
you
know
what,
where
this,
these
these
climate
reductions
are
happening,
and
you
know
and
and
the
different
impact
that's
being
had
there,
and
so
it's
it's
another
one
of
these
initiatives.
B
If
you
have
a
way
of
you
know
providing
guarantees
of
you
know
where
how
they
were
actually
caught
in
the
first
place,
then
you
have
greater
confidence
that
the
you
know
the
fish
has
come
from,
where
you
you
believe
it
to
have,
but
also
to
those
people
who
are
actually
illegally.
You
know
fishing
or
you
know,
exceeding
their
quotas.
They
wouldn't
be
willing
to
put
this
information
in
a
you
know
on
a
blockchain
ledger
to
go
to
the
consumer
because
it
would
highlight
there
was
a
an
issue
there.
B
So
this
is
something
that
provenance
is
one
company
very
fun.
You
know
this
is
one
example
that
they've
provided
of
how
they've
used
it
for
tracking
yellowfin
and
skipjack
tuna
from
catch
to
consumer.
But
you
know
again
it's
it's
very
much
so
the
supply
chain
and
using
blockchain
there's
a
very
powerful
way
of
helping
achieve
this
number
15
is
life
on
land.
B
Currently,
a
lot
of
the
timber
tracking
is
done
with
paper,
and
so
by
with
the
wood
tracking
protocol,
they've
created
a
blockchain
based
system
to
replace
this
paper-based
methods,
allowing
the
buyers
to
verify
the
legitimacy
of
the
actual
timber
there,
and
so
this
transparency
is
helping.
You
know,
reduce
illegal
logging
operations.
There.
B
B
Where
you
you
you.
Basically,
you
you
have
like
a
verifier,
and
so
you
you
you.
You
have
like
a
verifier
for
these
actual
these
identities
that
are
created,
but
the
the
point
is,
as
I
said,
that
the
holder
of
them,
they
don't
actually
need
to.
You
know,
provide
all
of
the
information.
So
then
there's
you
don't
have
the
same.
You
know
issues
and
so
on
with
fraudulence
there.
B
One
of
the
areas,
though,
that
under
this
is
obviously
something
that
the
the
hyperledger
you
know
there's
a
working
group
around
and
some
of
the
members
are
very
involved
in
they're.
You
know
really
trying
to
you
know,
build
reference
implementations
to
support
this.
The
hyperledger
indie
project
is
one
one
great
example
of
it,
but
there's
there's
also
kind
of
you
know.
B
I
think
this
is
something
that
just
is
really
great
when
you're
talking
about
blockchain
generally,
because
given
the
shared
nature
of
blockchain
for
it
to
kind
of
work
as
a
technology,
you
have
to
have
companies
partnering
and
people
partnering.
You
know
working
together,
whether
it's
at
the
industry,
level,
government
or
non-profits,
or
you
know,
individuals.
B
B
Yes,
there
are,
of
course,
other
challenges
that
need
to
be
faced,
such
as
you
know,
of
course,
the
political
and
legislative
challenges
are
always
the
biggest
ones,
but
at
the
same
time
at
least,
I
think
that
there's,
you
know
some
key
components
here
that
can
really
help
move
people
and
innovate
in
ways
that
haven't
been
done
before
so
that
that's
you
know
everything
I
wanted
to
say
about
the
sustainable
development
goals.
If
you
want
to
learn
more
about
them
or
just
you
know,
read
more
about
them.
B
I
encourage
you
to
go
to
globalgoals.org,
it's
it's
a
fantastic
resource.
There's
lots
of
you
know
really
really
really
lovely.
You
know,
graphics
and
so
on
to
support
all
of
them
as
well.
And
you
know,
a
lot
of
companies
are
starting
to
now
talk
about.
You
know
which
global
goals,
specifically
they
report
with
they,
they
actually
support
with
their
charitable
work
too.
B
B
I
encourage
you
just
to
learn
more
about
it,
because
it's
it's
a
wonderful
framework
and
I
think
that
the
more
people
who
are
aware
of
it,
the
more
you
know,
you're
just
going
to
have
that
the
the
better
place
we
are
to
you
know
achieve
what
we
can
over
the
next
10
years.
With
this,
if
you
want
to,
you
know
reach
out
to
me,
you
can
find
me
on
twitter
at
conor
s10
and,
as
I
mentioned
earlier,
on,
just
launched
this
week
in
blockchain
as
well,
which
is
this
podcast
and
v-log.
B
B
This
is
some
that
are
there
yeah,
so,
okay
yeah,
I
think
paul
paul
dowling,
said
that
he,
you
know,
he's
interested
in
tackling
the
the
various
goals
but
across
several
emerging
technologies,
ai
quantum,
as
well
as
distributed,
ledger
and
yeah.
You
know,
I
think
I
think
this
is
the
great
thing
about
technology.
B
You
know,
there's
there's
not
one
technology
which
is
is
the
key
one
to
you
know
facilitate
this:
it's
it's
how
they
kind
of
you
know
it's
identifying
how
they
work
best
together
to
support
you
know
these
technologies,
I
mean
one.
Ai
is
certainly
one
that
pops
up
a
lot
here,
because
of
course,
you
know
when
you're
dealing
with
data
sets.
You
know
you
want
to
ensure
that
those
people
who
have
the
power
to
input
those
data
sets
aren't
trying
to
gain
the
system.
B
Right
so
a
question:
are
you
tracking
the
application
of
dlts
in
public
financial
management
as
a
sub
goal
under
17.?
So
personally
I'd
say:
I'm
I'm
not,
but
there's
there's.
Definitely
you
know
a
lot
that
people
are
doing
with
respect
to
just
using
blockchain
to
provide
greater
accountability
for
finances.
But
of
course
the
you
know
when
it's
public
finances,
the
way
in
which
they're
governed
and
managed
is
slightly
different
to
you
know
how
business
does
in
that
regard.
B
Okay,
so
this
is
adam
who's
from
the
red
cross.
Asking.
Can
you
talk
more
about
governance
and
specifically,
what
might
be
needed
in
a
humanitarian
context?
Yeah,
the
the
government's
the
governance
you
know,
discussion
around
blockchains
is
is
huge
because
you
know
when
you,
when
you
have
these
these
platforms
that
potentially
span
you
know
multiple
geographical
locations.
B
There's
there's
different
legal
implications
associated
with
that.
I
think
you
know
in
the
european
union,
for
instance,
gdb
gdpr
is
one
such
example.
Where
you
know
you've
got
to
be
very
careful
that
you
don't
have
personal
information
stored
on
a
you
know,
a
tamper-proof
ledger,
for
instance,
and
so
you
know
there
are
challenges,
and-
and
this
is
where
really
the
legislative
side
is-
is
so
important
to
ensure
that
you
can.
Actually,
you
know,
get
the
right
buy-in
from
the
regulators
to
actually
support
it,
but
then,
more
specifically
as
well.
B
You
need
to
ensure
that
you
know
if
we're
in
an
area
say
with
where
humanitarian
aid
is
required,
and
you
know
you
need
to
you-
need
to
have
the
infrastructure
available
there
too.
To
be
able
to.
You
know,
support
these.
These
platforms,
as
in,
if
someone's
just
you,
know,
they're
trying
to
record
data,
but
you
don't
have
reliable
mobile
networks
there.
Then
you
need
to
ensure
that
there's
ways
to
actually
get
it
there
too,
and
you
also
need
to
ensure
that
you
know
the
people
running.
B
B
Certainly,
you
know
one
one
report
that
I
would
recommend
you
take
a
look
at
is
the
climate
ledger
initiatives
2020
report
that
they
released
in
december
last
year.
They
have
a
whole
section
there
on
blockchain
governance
and
they've
got
this
wonderful
model
which
I
think
came
from
the
un
actually,
which
is
of
the
four
different
types
of
you,
know:
interoperability,
because
the
interoperability
is
kind
of
a
key
part
of
the
governance,
because
in
order
to
govern
something,
you
need
to
agree
on.
B
You
know
how
this
system
should
be
governed,
and
so
they
they
have
this
wonderful
model.
That
kind
of
lays
it
out.
You
have
kind
of
the
technical
details
which
is
literally
like
that
the
bytes
can
talk
to
one
another,
but
then
you
actually
have
you
know
the
next
level
up
there
is
that,
like
the
the
business
terms,
agree
to
one
another,
and
then
you
have
you
know
the
next
level
up,
which
is
that
I
think
the
the
sort
of
actors
agree
and
it's
it's
a
very
powerful
framework
for
that.
B
B
Yeah,
so
is
blockchain
heavy
on
power
in
the
same
way
as
bitcoin,
and
if
so,
is
that
an
issue?
Yes,
it's
a
very
an
important
question
to
ask
that,
because
there's
a
lot
of
when
you,
when
you
talk
about
blockchain,
it
doesn't
mean
heavy
power
consumption.
Yes,
the
bitcoin
network
uses
a
lot
of
power.
Yes,
the
ethereum
network,
which
is
the
second
largest
public
blockchain
network,
uses
a
lot
of
power,
although
it
is
transitioning
off
that
over
the
next
year
or
two.
B
But
the
point
is:
is
that
it's
it's
down
to
the
actual
network
itself,
and
so
there
are
there's
there's
a
number
of
blockchains
now
that
are
actually
using,
what's
called
a
proof
of
stake
based
model
where
someone
actually
has
in
a
public
context,
they
have
cryptocurrency
reserves
that
they
basically
put
down
on
the
line
in
the
network.
To
say
you
know,
I'm
I'm
committing
to
validating
transactions
on
the
network.
I
will
remain.
I
will
be
an
honest
actor
with
these.
B
If
I
am
not
an
honest
actor,
I
will
be
I
I
will
have
some
of
my.
You
know
cryptocurrency
that
I've
put
down
taken
away
from
me
to
actually
you
know
as
a
result
of
this,
so
it's
a
great
incentive
mechanism
and
that
actually
removes
the
need
for
these
power
hungry
approaches.
But
when
you,
when
you
actually
look
at
enterprise
blockchains,
these
are
typically
done
in
a
private
commission
network,
and
you
know
when
you
have
control
over
who
the
actual
you
know,
actors
are
on
the
network.
You
don't
need
to.
B
You
know,
have
a
barrier
to
entry,
such
as
you
know
very
high
power
costs.
You
know
to
contribute
to
it.
So
there's
a
lot
of
flexibility
there
and
really
the
the
only
place
that
you
know
it.
It
has
that
it
is
happening.
You
know.
A
lot
now
is
in
the
bitcoin
and
ethereum
networks
and
some
of
these
public
ones
in
private
networks.
It's
it's
not
an
issue
at
all
and
you
can
run
these
networks
privately
as
well.
If
you,
you
know
using
other
what
are
called
consensus
mechanisms.
A
A
A
B
I
I
would
say
to
start
by
just
going
to
the
the
sustainable
development
goals
website
and
just
the
globalgoals.org
there's
there's
lots
of
really
great
content
there,
but
also
too,
if
you
go
onto
the
social
media
accounts
as
well.
Like
you
know,
twitter,
linkedin
and
just
search
for
sustainable
development
goals,
you'll
find
it
pops
up.
B
So
much
there's
you
know,
there's
just
so
many
there's
so
many
different
companies
and
people
who
are
really
getting
behind
these
that
it's
it's
just
a
yeah
there's
just
I'm
sure
you
know,
look
looking
out
doing
a
little
bit
of
research
you'll
find
now
that
you're,
aware
of
them
you'll
find
some
great
opportunities
to
follow
what
people
are
doing
here
so
yeah.
But
I
think
these
the
website
is
a
great
place
to
start.
A
B
There's
one
more
okay,
so
do
you
see
that
distributed
ledger
solutions
are
always
justified
over
a
secure
database.
They're,
certainly
not
always
justified,
and
you
know
one
one
of
the
the
thing
even
where
you
do
think
you've
got
a
great
opportunity
for
blockchain.
It's
always
an
argument
to
say
you
could
just
have
a
trusted
intermediary
in
the
middle
who
has
their
own
private
proprietary
system
and
they
define
these
apis
that
you
all
need
to
talk
to
one
another,
but
what's
what's
really
powerful
about
blockchain?
Is
that
you?
B
Yes,
you
can
still
use
intermediaries
to
help
certain
members
on
the
network
to
work
with
it,
but
you,
actually
you
know
by
you.
You
have
a
common
interface
that
you
can
all
the
companies
and
people
can
talk
to
one
another
via
these
blockchains
have
got
their
own.
You
know
languages
for
for
the
code
that
they
run
on
them.
B
That
supports
you,
know
their
core
business
logic,
and
so,
if
you've
got
multiple
organizations
and
there's
say
a
complex
process
that
involves
input
or
spans
these
multiple
organizations,
if
you
have
a
blockchain,
you
have
a
common
interface.
So
you
can
say:
here's
a
smart
contract
or
code
that
exists
on
the
blockchain
and
you
know.
Can
we
agree
that
this
is
the
logic
that
needs
to
happen?
B
It's
going
to
be
a
lot
easier
for
everyone
to
understand
that
versus
saying:
let's
come
up
with
our
own,
you
know
proprietary
one
or
use
this
intermediary
and
then
we're
all
going
to
kind
of
interface
with
this
one
intermediary
there.
So
you
know
again,
there's
all
there's
always
other
choices
available,
but
I
think
what
blockchain
does
is
that
it
kind
of
standardizes
the
choice
there
and
the
approach,
which
is
one
of
the
very
powerful.