►
Description
A virtual meetup hosted by Hyperledger Copenhagen on June 22, 2023.
The Hyperledger Foundation in collaboration with the EINST4INE consortium (a European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, under Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreements) is delighted to invite you to the upcoming webinar "Blockchain: A Revolution for Sustainable Global Supply Chains?", which will take place on Thursday 22nd of June, at 7 pm (CET).
The meetup features:
* Daniela Barbosa, Hyperledger Executive Director and General Manager, Blockchain and Identity at the Linux Foundation.
* Marin Jovanovic, Associate Professor at Copenhagen Business School.
* Douglas Johnson-Poensgen, CEO & Founder at Circulor.
The agenda includes three presentations from the speakers, followed by an interactive Q&A session.
The main goals of this meetup are to:
* Explore industry insights on the practical applications of Hyperledger blockchain technologies.
* Bridge the gap between academic research and industry practices, fostering mutual learning and collaboration.
* Stimulate discussions about diverse blockchain applications beyond finance and crypto, particularly in sustainable global supply chains.
If you're interested in the topic of blockchain and supply chains, feel free to join the Hyperledger Supply Chain and Trade Finance Special Interest Group at:
https://wiki.hyperledger.org/display/STSIG
----
Hyperledger – Open Source Blockchain Technologies
Hyperledger is an open source community focused on developing a suite of stable frameworks, tools and libraries for enterprise-grade blockchain deployments.
It serves as a neutral home for various distributed ledger frameworks including Hyperledger Besu, Fabric, Sawtooth, Indy, as well as tools like Hyperledger Avalon, Cactus and libraries like Hyperledger Aries, Ursa. Learn more about Hyperledger projects: https://www.hyperledger.org/use
Discord: https://discord.gg/rVCn4j7UFd
Case Studies: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/case-studies
Training & Certification: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/training
Tutorials: https://www.hyperledger.org/use/tutorials
Webinars: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/webinars
Events: https://www.hyperledger.org/events
Vendor Directory: https://www.hyperledger.org/use/vendor-directory
Subscribe to the Hyperledger Newsletter: https://www.hyperledger.org/newsletter
Follow-us on Twitter @Hyperledger
Learn about Hyperledger Membership: https://www.hyperledger.org/about/join
#Hyperledger #Blockchain
License
Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)
A
We
just
started
so
you're
alive:
oh
yeah,
awesome,
okay,
well,
hello,
everyone,
I'm,
Jonathan,
sumicho
I'm
a
second
year
PhD
student
at
ochos,
University
in
Denmark
and
I'm,
also
part
of
the
Einstein
project,
and
it's
my
great
pleasure
to
be
here
today.
Opening
up
this
first
Einstein
webinar
with
three
wonderful
speakers
and
I'm
gonna
present
them
in
a
moment.
A
But
before
we
start,
I
would
like
to
spend
a
few
words
on
what
is
actually
Einstein
and,
as
you
can
see
from
here,
Einstein
is
an
acronym
of
a
quite
long
name,
but,
more
importantly,
is
a
Consortium
of
almost
30
members
between
Academia
and
Industry
and
15
PhD.
Students
are
currently
enrolled
in
seven
different
universities,
but
among
the
industry
Partners.
A
A
A
So
Marion
is
associate
professor
at
Copenhagen
business
school
and
he's
also
a
visiting
scholar
at
lulia,
University
and
Sweden
University
of
Technology
in
Sweden
he's
my
research
interests
concerned
the
digital
transformation
in
different
sectors,
manufacturing,
Maritime
and
Healthcare,
but
also
the
rise
of
platforms,
Eco
platform
ecosystems
in
the
B2B
context,
which
is
why
he's
here
with
us
today
and
finally
Marine
administers
also
a
Blog
on
industry
platforms.
Research
and
I'm
gonna
share
it
in
in
the
chat,
because
I
think
it
might
be
interesting
for
many
of
you
in
the
audience.
C
D
C
So
we've
been
working
on
blockchain
based
platform
research
for
a
while.
Actually
that
was
his
main
focus
of
the
PHD.
So
that's
how
I
got
actually
engaged
with
with
blockchain
based
platforms.
Specifically,
however,
I've
been
interested
in
Industry
platforms
for
a
while
and
I
will
tell
you
how
I
arrived
to
Industry
platform.
Specifically,
so
my
my
main
interest
during
my
PhD
was
servitization
right.
That's
the
ugly
word
servitization,
so
focusing
increasingly
on
Services,
because
competing
with
products
became
increasingly
difficult
right.
C
Making
a
Distinction
on
a
product
basis
was
was
difficult
for
companies
right,
so
they
were
trying
to
bundle
product
services.
But
then,
after
a
service
layer
right,
the
digitalization
came
as
another
layer
right.
So
it
became
really
interesting
to
see
how
now
companies
are
combining
product
service,
but
also
a
digital
layer
and
digital
layer
requires
a
platform
right
always
so
that
that's
kind
of
how
I
arrived
to
to
to
Industry
platform,
specifically
right
through
the
literature
of
servitization
and
and
now
increasingly
a
digital
serviceation
right.
It's
still
phenomena
right.
C
That's
kind
of
the
problem
with
that
literature,
because
it's
there
is
no
theory
of
services
in
the
digital.
So
we
are
looking
for
a
different
theoretical
homes
when
we
kind
of
write
a
paper
because
that's
still
a
phenomena
right
so
as
paper.
This
is
a
a
slide
about
me,
yeah
I'm.
Actually,
a
computer
scientist
or
information
systems
was
my
my
major
and
then
I
escaped
from
computer
science
to
business
right
now,
management
Scholars
are
running
to
digital
and
I
actually
escape
from
the
digital.
So
it's
very
interesting
to
me.
D
C
See
how
this
evolved,
I
had
some
Consulting
experience.
Also
some
industry
experience
in
Italy
and
also
in
a
motion
course
mostly
like
a
global,
Brewing,
Company
and
then
yeah
today,
I
also
consult
the
Danish
government
since
covet
crisis,
I've
been
helping
them
on
increasing
the
the
testing
capacity
right
so
more
or
less.
This
is
my
profile.
Cambridge
I've
seen
I've
been
at
Cambridge
as
well,
at
Institute
of
for
manufacturing,
so
I've
been
working
with
Professor
Neely
for
a
while
on
serviceation
as
well
right.
C
So
now,
let's
get
to
platform
ecosystem,
so
I've
been
told
to
to
focus
a
bit
more
on
Theory,
because
I
think
other
speakers
will
show
plenty
of
empirical
examples
right.
So
I
was
thinking
what
would
be
the
most
useful
for
the
audience
to
kind
of
digest
this
literature
a
bit
better
or
if
they
already
know
how
the
literature
is
structured.
Maybe
what
would
be
my
my
contribution?
C
You
know
to
to
you
in
that
sense
right
so
I
was
thinking
what
would
be
the
key,
Concepts
and
and
key
papers
and
and
I
will
try
to
build
a
narrative
from
there.
So
the
other
writes
2017
General
management.
Definitely
so,
alignment
of
structure,
so
we
usually
have
a
multilateral
set
of
Partners
right.
C
They
are
different
in
size
and
interest
and
we
would
try
to
ensure
alignment
structures,
so
this
is
a
an
important
a
construct
when
we
talk
about
ecosystems
right
and
the
focal
value
proposition
or
like
the
the
single.
A
point
of
you
know,
convergence
of
different
partners
is
also
increasingly
a
study
right.
How
we
ensure
that
these
multilateral
set
of
Partners,
they
all
have
a
common
goal
or
a
common
or
contributable
way
to
the
common
focal
value
proposition.
Then
of.
C
When
they
said
well,
it's
not
all
partners
that
are
all
complementers.
Not
all
partners
are
complementers,
so
he
he
has
a
notion
that
you
know
the
generic
complementarities
they're,
not
really
a
a
complimenter.
So
so
we,
when
we
talk
about
complementarities,
we
talk
about
non-generic
complementarity
and
that's
that's
kind
of
important.
It
goes
from
the
modularity
literature.
It
can
go
from
generic
to
Super
generic
super
modular
complementarities.
C
Another
important
thing
that
I
I
really
highlight
to
my
students.
It's
that
you
know
in
a
typical
value
chain,
because
I
teach
Supply,
Chain
management.
You
know
it's
a
typical
supply
chain.
We
are,
usually
you
know,
hierarchically
controlled
and
in
this
context
of
of
of
ecosystem,
we
we
have
a
notion
of
where
partners
are
non-hero
they're,
not
hierarchically
controlled,
which
is
very
important
right.
So
they
are
interdependent,
but
they
are
interrelated
right.
So
this
is
something
just
to
set
the
base
of
of
what
the
ecosystem
is.
C
So
now,
when
we
discuss
a
platform
ecosystem
right,
so
there
is
some
platform
architecture
right
when
we
say
architecture,
we
think
about
technology
right,
the
the
modules
like
technology,
technological
modules,
and
on
top
of
that
these
platform
architecture
is
actually
an
enabling
layer.
You
can
say
constantinidas
and
other
Scholars
would
say
or
Tilson
right.
They
would
say
it's
a
digital
infrastructure,
depending
which
perspective
you
take,
but
the
platform
architecture
is
enabling
layer
right
and
on
top
of
it
we
would
have
an
ecosystem,
an
ecosystem
right.
C
So
a
very
important
paper,
also
recent
Kirchner
about
platform
ecosystem
as
meta
organizations
very
important
paper,
I
I
think
you
should
all
read
it
if
you're
interested
in
this
right
so
and
then
the
last,
but
probably
the
most
important
concept
is
the
governance
right
and
we
will
talk
a
bit
more
about
the
governance
of
such
platforms.
So
the
platform
governance
is
really
important.
C
So
what
I
did
in
in
my
technovation
paper,
which
was
published
like
two
years
ago
now,
I
think
we
got
the
volume
2022,
but
it's
it's
been
published
for
a
while.
We
made
a
Frankenstein
definition
which
combines
all
a
possible
smart
definitions,
so
we
said
that
platform
ecosystem
is
a
meta
organizational
form
and
we
have
enabling
platform
architecture
right.
C
It's
supported
by
a
set
of
governance
mechanisms
and
governance
mechanisms
are
necessary
to
cooperate,
coordinate,
integrate,
diverse
set
of
Partners
right,
diverse
actors,
activities,
interfaces
and
what's
the
point,
the
point
is
to
increase
the
platform
value
through
customized
platform
services.
So
that's
towards
the
end.
It
gets
very
busy,
but
but
that's
kind
of
how
we
defined
it
when
it
comes
to
platform
value.
C
C
So
if
these
are
the
concepts
right
now
that
that
kind
of
I
presented
here,
the
most
important
Concepts
that
that
you
can
engage
in
you
in
your
research,
but
also
that
are
interesting
when
we
discuss
the
platforms
both
empirically
and
theoretically.
The
trade
lens
is
a
blockchain
based
platform
that
we
studied.
C
D
C
Discontinued
before
we,
we
published
the
paper,
but
still
we
we
are
still
fine
with
what
we
presented
in
that
paper
and
I
will
present
a
few
learnings
that
that
we
got
from
from
that
from
that
a
paper
and
then
across
this
concept
that
I
introduced
now
right,
so
so
I'm
trying
to
be
systematic
to
some
extent.
So
this
is
now
a
a
trade
lens
conceptualized
like
we
have
a
platform
architecture
right,
the
I.T
infrastructure
on
the
bottom.
C
It's
based
on
the
blockchain
Network
I
will
not
go
into
details.
We
interviewed
both
representatives
of
IBM
and
trade
lens
and
also
mursk
initially,
so
so
it
was
a
qualitative
paper
and
the
the
platform
architecture
on
this
graph
represents
right.
The
bottom
side,
it's
of
course
utilizes.
The
the
apis,
the
apis
are
were
something
what
I
would
say
semi-open.
C
They
were
open
to
to
most
of
the
the
complement
our
startups
or
interested
party
willing
to
collaborate
with
them,
but
they
were
not
I
would
say
completely
open
and
then
Marketplace
is
how
we
basically
build
an
ecosystem
right
on
top
of
it.
So
the
third
party
applications
is
is
actually
the
the
essence
of
that
ecosystem.
C
However,
in
most
of
the
industrial
setting
that
the
platform
sponsor
would
develop
initial
set
of
functionalities
and
applications,
and
then
they
would
represent
the
core,
the
similar
cases
with
cognify
that
I
also
study
developed
by
kungsberg,
Maritime
or
other
Platforms
in
the
the
industrial,
mining
or
other
sectors
right.
So
basically,
the
platform
sponsor
will
develop
a
few
apps
and
then
on.
They
would
invite
also
other
complementers
to
build
a
more
applications
on
top.
What
was
the
the
saw?
C
Let's
say
provider
like
a
caterpillar
Komatsu
Volvo
around
the
mine
and
then
still
open
the
apis
to
let's
say
drone
manufacturers
like
DJI
and
other
to
to
provide
some
complementary
Services
on
top
right.
But
it's
not.
The
aim
is
not
to
connect
the
industry
as
a
whole,
it's
more
about
the
focal
solution
or
an
application
right.
C
So
these
are
the
key
actors.
Trade
lens
was
targeting
like
authorities,
screening
shipment
right
of
course,
ocean
carriers
course
and
Terminal
A
lot
of
potential
savings
for
this
area
and
then
exporters,
importers,
Freight
forwarders,
definitely
a
lot
of
potential
benefits
for
them
as
well
right
so
in
what?
If,
if
there
is
like
three
important
distinction
in
in
platform,
ecosystem
research,
again
I'm
nailing
over
and
over
one
is
a
platform
architecture
or
just
architecture.
The
other
one
is
community
right.
C
So
when,
if
you
have
a
ecosystem,
you
need
to
have
a
community
of
different
firms.
Big
and
small
heterogeneity
is
high,
but
it's
a
community
right
and
we
can
have
a
different
techniques.
How
we
can
engage
that
Community,
how
we
can
make
sure
that
the
community
is
generating
value
for
us
and
the
third
one
is
a
governance
right.
So
we
need
a
a
proper
governance
to
connect,
basically
all
together
right.
So
we
have
architecture,
community
and
governance,
at
least
in
my
head.
D
C
C
I'm,
not
saying
blockchain
is
not
the
right
solution.
I
think
it's
amazing
solution.
I
think
we
just
need
to
be
very
critical
about
it,
so
the
the
inefficiencies
in
the
shipping
Industries
are
just
massive
right.
It's
a
massive
inefficiencies
in
the
shipping,
so
so
it's
really
old,
very
traditional,
outdated
industry,
very
conservative
industry
that
the
systems
are
introduced
over.
You
know
many
years
by
different
actors
for
different
purpose.
C
C
So
because
it's
such
a
big,
a
system
and
and
that
that
is
very
difficult
to
change
and
that
it
is
changing,
but
but
slowly
so
you
know,
blockchain
was
supposed
to
be
a
right
solution
for
it
right
so
because
this
is
what
we
we
have
a
technology
that
can
address
something
problems
like
you
know,
different
perspectives
on
the
transaction
status
right.
So
this
is
exactly
what
we
are
trying
to
achieve.
C
Well,
then,
you
know
the
the
big
companies
are,
usually
you
know,
slow
and,
and
you
know,
outdated.
The
the
technology
is
a
space
where
a
smaller
companies
are
much
more
competitive
right,
so
it
was
also
interesting.
Interaction
with
different
Industries
are
converging
like
the
the
old
industry
shipping
industry.
You
can
think
about
different
industries
that
are
really
traditional.
They
are
converging
with
the
startup
entrepreneurial
space
and
that's
also
what
is
happening
in
in
this
sector.
C
C
So
when
I,
when
I
discussed
with
the
IBM
guys,
so
so
they
told
me
Mario,
listen,
the
the
key
point
in
our
solution
was
that
basically
you
could
share
sensitive
data
without
seeing
what
is
in
the
book.
Basically
so
that
was
kind
of
the
value
proposition,
so
kind
of
really
having
access
to
data
without
seeing
the
data
and
and
that's
the
the
core
of
the
the
the
the
the
solution
and
definitely
reducing
transaction
costs
and
smart
contracts.
C
Smart
contracts
and
all
other
benefits
would
be
part
of
the
ecosystem
right,
and
this
is
something
we.
Unfortunately,
the
the
platform
didn't
live
long
enough
to
to
to
see
the
the
smart
contracts
and
the
the
flourishing
the
the
ecosystem
on
top
of
it
right.
But
we
we
may
see
it
in
different
sectors
where
the
the
smart
contracts
and
and
different
startups
complementers
will
develop
a
a
solution
to
to
to
you
know:
self-automate
self-execute,
a
contract
in
a
specific
context
and
and
have
a
firm
and
have
a
you
know.
C
Legit
com
be
a
legit
complementer
around
it.
So
so
that's
the
the
the
the
basis
was
this
seamless
integration,
transparency
and
then
layer
of
data
was
promising
like
a
an
amazing
ecosystem
on
top
right.
So
once
we
have
this
basic
apart
from
architecture
established,
the
data
layer
was
extremely
promising
to
to
unlock
the
whole
ecosystem
of
application
across
the
end-to-end.
C
C
Like
the
mask
is
one
of
the
competitors
in
the
industry
and
I
think,
regardless
of
of
trying
to
kind
of
the
the
the
this
you
know,
make
a
distinction
and
and
from
from
the
original
idea,
it
was
really
difficult
to
for,
for
other.
You
know,
Partners
to
to
you,
know,
to
just
accept
it
or
maybe
to
I
would
say,
from
from
the
other
perspective,
to
gain
traction
right
to
to
adopt
the
platform
right.
C
So
the
the
notion
of
you
know
in
the
context
where
data
is
extremely
valuable
and
data
is
extremely
sensitive.
The
neutrality
of
the
platform
sponsor
is
almost
an
imperative
right.
So
so,
when
data
is
so
valuable,
it
is
just
impossible.
Maybe
in
some
other
context
where
data
is
not
so
valuable
actors.
C
So
now,
what
is
the
the
governance?
And
then
what
we
distinguish
are
three
type
of
governance.
The
first
one
was
the
own
chain,
like
all
the
technology
on
the
Block
chain:
technology
governance,
the
the
second
one
was
off
chain,
and
we
said
it's
kind
of
more
strategic
governance
like
how
we
were
set,
the
you
know,
let's
say
hypothetically
Revenue
models
or
how
we
will
split
appropriate
value
or
how
we
will
govern.
C
You
know
our
partners
set
inter-organizational
relationships
and,
and
the
third
one
was
just
interoperability,
it's
kind
of
a
bit
of
a
boat,
but
we
we
believed
it's
so
important
that
the
interoperability
that
it
requires.
You
know
a
governance
on
its
own,
like
so
the
third
type.
We
said
it's
interoperability,
governance
right.
So
in
that
sense
one
more
one
more
important.
You
know
take
away
that
that
it's
not
specifically
from
tradeless
but
from
other
platforms.
C
That
I
studied
is
that
the
B2B
platforms
are
very
different
from
B
to
C,
and
the
main
distinction
is
that
you
know
onboarding
is
difficult,
onboarding
is,
is
the
101.
onboarding
is
is
long
and-
and
you
know,
self-selection
is
very
hard
to
be
on
a
B2B
platform,
so
so
complementers
or
Partners
cannot
be
added
based
on
self-selection,
so
I'm
just
joining
the
platform.
C
So
one
of
the
last
points
is
the
interoperability.
The
standard
digital
standardization
is
the
key
and
and
I've
been
involved
with
the
dcsa,
who
was
developing
the
standards
for
this
industry,
and
they
played
a
really
important
role
in
and
will
in
will
play
important
role
in
the
future.
For
Industries,
like
this,
that
are
very
you
know,
or
very
sensitive
about
the
data
last
slide
for
Scholars
young
scholars.
C
I
will
share
what
I
do
currently
it's
a
generativity
I
work
on
General,
generative
ecosystems
and
again,
as
you
can
see,
the
the
generative
architecture,
governance
and
Community
are
the
key
constructs
that
other
Scholars
picked
They
just
added
generativity.
On
top.
Please
read
the
paper
and
and-
and
you
will
see
how
combination
of
these
three
are
unlocking
combinatorial
potential
right.
So
what
we
have
to
do
with
the
governance
architecture
and
Community
to
really
unlock
the
combinatory
combinatorial
Innovations.
So
that's
all
from
my
side,
I
think
I'm
already.
A
Great
thanks
thanks
Maureen
for
the
presentation,
I,
think
many
of
the
things
and
terms
that
you
have
mentioned
so
far
can
speak
to
both
Daniella
and
jack.
For
example,
a
community
architecture,
governance,
I
think
all
these
terms
are
very
clear
to
the
hyperledger
foundational,
Linux,
Foundation
or
community
at
large,
so
I'm
now
I
think
we
don't
have
unfortunately
time
now
for
questions,
but
if
you
have,
we
can
get
back
to
it
at
during
the
final
q.
A
Daniella
has
more
than
20
years
of
Enterprise
technology
experience
as
she
actually
started
her
career
at
Dow
Jones,
but
one
of
her
passions,
I
would
say,
is
related
to
the
concept
of
digital
identity
and
data
portability,
which
is
why
she
first
got
involved
in
the
early
Web
2.0
community,
and
then
she
got
closer
to
the
blockchain
space
some
time
ago.
So
I
think
after
this
theoretical
perspective.
Now
we
are
going
much
more
into
the
technicalities
to
some
to
some
extent
and
then
the
business
perspective
so
vanilla.
If
you're
ready
over
to
you
well.
F
John
Lorenzo
thank
you
for
inviting
us
and
for
coordinating
with
Einstein
we're
very
excited
in
our
collaboration
with
you
and
the
rest
of
the
organization
there
as
we
get
closer
to
the
academic
Community
working
on
blockchain,
and
if
you
think
about
you,
know
what
our
community
at
the
hyperledger
foundation,
but
the
greater
Enterprise
blockchain
Community.
The
lessons
learned
that
we
also
have
had
in
Marin
spoke
to
some
of
those.
It's
amazing
from
a
trade
Finance
perspective,
obviously
in
supply
chain.
It
is
about
digital
transformation
and
it's
a
problem
that
you
know.
F
A
lot
of
these
organizations
are
still
not
ready
for
it,
but
also
it's
a
fantastic
opportunity.
I
love
the
framing
that
Marin
started
with
about
architecture,
community
and
governance,
if
you
think
about
open
source
and
why
open
source
I
think
it
really
focuses
and
I'm
going
to
focus
on
that
today.
For
those
of
you
who
might
be
new
to
the
hyperledger
foundation,
it
is
a
foundation
that,
since
2015,
early
on
in
the
blockchain
days,
has
really
been
focused
around
building
cross-industry
communities
that
are
working
on
blockchain
and
blockchain
related
Technologies
and
I'll.
F
Mention
quite
a
few
about
those.
Today,
but
I
want
to
talk
first
about
the
importance
of
Open
Source
and
the
importance
of
if
you
are
building
Global
networks
and
communities.
Much
like
Marin
talked
about
and
Doug
will
talk
about
the
circulars
building.
Why
open
source
is
so
critical?
The
hyperledger
foundation
is
hosted
by
the
Linux
Foundation,
we're
one
of
hundreds
of
different
projects
within
the
Linux
foundation
and
the
goal
of
the
Linux
Foundation
is
really
just
to
create
and
enable
open
source
collaboration
with
developers
and
users
of
Open
Source
Code
bases.
F
F
These
are
just
some
of
the
logos
by
category,
but
if
you
think
about
the
things
you
touch
day
in
day
out
from
a
technology
perspective,
whether
in
your
Enterprise
use,
you
know
employment
and
the
companies
that
you
work
with
or
in
any
of
your
interactions
with
your
phones
with
social
media
applications,
most
likely
even
films.
Watching
you
know
one
of
your
favorite
films
or
Netflix
series.
F
Most
likely
there
is
open
source
software
that
has
come
that
is
hosted
and
the
community
is
hosted
here
at
the
Linux
foundation
and
obviously
blockchain
and
blockchain
related
Technologies
are
certainly
one
of
them
as
well.
The
importance
of
that
is
that
that
we
continue
to
be
a
place
where
there's
a
free
exchange
of
data
code
and
Innovation.
F
We
call
you
know,
building
better
together,
but
how
do
we
collaborate
on
the
things
that
are
critical
for
the
future
of
financial
services,
infrastructure
of
Supply
chains
of
Health,
Care
Systems
that
we
do
that
in
the
open
and
collaboratively
using
open
source
when
you
think
about
open
source
code?
A
lot
of
people
know
open
source
code.
You
go
to
a
GitHub
repository.
You
see
your
code
you're
able
to
look
at
it.
F
All
that
you
know,
controls
the
code
but
also
ways
to
make
sure
that
there's
training
and
certification
so
that,
if
you
want
to
be
a
certified
fabric,
hyperledger
fabric
certified
developer.
For
example,
there
is
a
place
for
you
to
go
to
and
if
you
want
to
hire
someone
that,
for
example,
is
a
hyperledger
certified
service
provider.
There
is
a
program
for
that
for
you
to
use
as
well,
and
this
is
all
about
the
maturity
of
the
code
that
we
go
through.
F
F
The
world
78
of
companies
are
already
using
open
source
and
numbers,
probably
even
higher
than
that,
and
63
percent
are
participating,
they're
contributing
they're
participating
in
an
open
source
Community,
whether
it
be
something
like
the
Linux
Foundation
or
other
projects
that
are
out
there,
and
it
doesn't
seem
to
be
slowing
down
anytime
soon.
As
you
can
see,
the
number
of
libraries
that
have
been
open
sourced
since
20
2012.
continue
continue
to
grow
and
I.
Think
we'll
see
more
and
more
of
that,
and
certainly
in
the
blockchain
and
digital
identity.
F
You
have
competitors
that
actually
live
in
these
networks
or
leave.
It
live
in
these
open
source
communities
and
how
do
you
make
sure
that
there's
also
an
ability
to
drive
that
competitive
stakeholdership
of
the
solutions
and
the
things
that
you
offer
so
all
open
source
and
for
the
last
20
years,
as
I
mentioned,
the
Linux
Foundation
has
been
doing
this,
but
open
source
in
general
is
a
place
for
these
types
of
platforms
and
solutions
to
build
here
at
the
hyperledger
foundation,
our
community
is
a
hundred
percent
open,
meaning
that
is
never
pay
to
play.
F
You
can
participate
in
any
of
the
communities
any
of
the
project-
communities,
the
special
interest
groups,
the
meetups
everything
like
you're
contributing
to
today
and
participating
today
is
open
and
that's
really
really
important
for
us
and
we're
very
interested
in
the
developers.
We
are
a
developer
ecosystem
that
can
contribute
and
participate
and
contribution
could
be
anything
from
being
a
maintainer,
for
example,
in
one
of
our
projects
to
being
a
contributor
in
one
of
our
special
interest
groups
like
our
supply
chain,
a
special
interest
group
and
others
as
well.
F
So,
there's
a
lot
of
ways
that
you
can
participate
and
you
can
contribute
as
well
as
I
mentioned.
Blockchain.
We've
hear
this
over
and
over
again
is
really
encompasses
a
lot
of
different
resources
and
a
lot
of
different
ways
to
do
it
and
a
lot
of
Industries
really
focused
on
blockchain
Services
I
mentioned
this
already.
You
know
what
what
makes
it
unique.
F
F
These
are
community
members,
our
sponsors
that
help
support
the
foundation,
but
over
40
000
contributors,
1.27
million
contributions,
plus
that
was
last
year's
number
in
the
last
five
years,
and
really
we
continue
to
grow
our
ecosystem
of
companies
that
are
contributing
code
and
solutions
into
the
ecosystem
as
well,
and
our
community
continues
to
grow.
We
have
multiple
projects.
We,
the
hyperledger
foundation,
is
an
umbrella
of
multiple
projects
that
we
have,
and
you
can
see
some
of
them
here
and
over
the
years
we've
really
developed
our
our
our
project.
F
Our
projects
have
come
in
and
been
contributed
to
the
foundation
based
on
on
what
was
happening
and
continues
to
happen
in
the
ecosystem.
You
know,
starting
in
2015,
that's
when
the
foundation
was
formed
and
in
2016
the
the
main
DLT
projects
that
came
in
were
fabric
Sawtooth
and
eroha,
and
fabric
obviously
continues
to
be
one
of
the
most
adopted
distributed.
Permission
distributed
Ledger
platforms
last
year.
Block
data
did
a
presentation,
a
report
where
they
highlighted
that
fabric
is
still
the
preferred
solution
for
38
percent
of
the
top
100
companies.
F
As
you
see
here
so
continuously,
our
Solutions
are
adopted
across
multiple
use
cases
as
Supply
Global
Supply
chains.
We'll
talk
a
bit
about
circular.
Other
Supply
chains
like
Simba,
which
is
tracking
airplane
parts
for
the
the
government
of
the
United,
States
and
other
use
cases
and
supply
chain,
is
obviously
from
a
blockchain
effective.
Really,
the
blockchain
enables
that
greater
transparency
and
traceability
to
reduce
risk
of
Fraud
and
counterflicting
and
we'll
get
some
more
of
that
information
when
circular
comes
up.
F
If
you
think
about
trade,
Finance
we've
had
a
lot
of
lessons
learned
a
lot
of
things
that
we've
heard
from
the
ecosystem.
We
also
were
discussing
trade
lens
and
there
are
new
new
platforms
like
gsbn,
which
is
trade
Finance
2.0.
How
do
we
take
those
learnings
from
previous
examples
and
then
incorporate
them
into
new
systems?
We
do
have
over
150
use
cases
that
you
can
explore.
Many
of
them
are
supply
chain
and
trade.
F
F
There
are
sustainability,
use
cases
that
are
being
built
on
lock
chain
as
a
public,
permissioned
blockchain,
so
lots
of
great
use
cases
FC
out
of
Europe
the
European
blockchain
system
in
Services,
also
using
hyperledger
base.
So
in
creating
a
public
permission.
Network
for
these
use
cases
to
be
deployed.
F
I
saw
on
the
chat,
someone
posted
about
our
supply
chain,
trade
Finance.
We
are
a
code
project,
we
have
these
code
projects,
but
we
always
have
special
interest
groups
that
are
focused
for
the
smes
for
the
subject
matter,
experts
to
come
in
and
talk
about
the
work
that
they've
done
to
share
best
practices
to
come
and
do
guest
speakers
come
and
do
presentations
around
the
work
that
they
are
doing
to
get
feedback
from
the
developer
community
and
the
subject
matter
experts.
F
So
in
2019
we
launched
our
supply
chain
special
interest
group
and
since
then
it's
been
merged
in
2022
and
they
have
bi-weekly
calls,
and
it
is
really
a
great
way
to
participate
in
the
community
and
have
your
voice
heard
and
share
those
lessons
learned
that
many
of
you
I
know
have
done
as
well
and
they're
currently
working
also
on
a
supply
chain
ebook.
So
please
do
keep
an
eye
out
for
that.
F
2020
was
an
interesting
view
when
we
start
thinking
about
networks
and
and
how,
especially
in
things
like
global
trade
networks,
supply
chain
networks,
financial
markets,
it
is
networks
of
networks
and
many
Enterprises
need
to
be
in
multiple
blockchain
networks
in
order
to
have
their
business
be
able
to
run.
So
we
started
thinking
the
community
started.
Thinking
about
interoperability,
and
today,
hyperledger
cacti
is
is
a
project.
F
That's
focused
on,
inter
interoperability,
between
blockchains
and
really
addressing
the
blockchain
DLT
fragmentation,
making
sure
that
businesses
can
participate
in
multiple
networks
and
and
assets
can
also
be
traded
between
these
networks
without
a
lot
of
Reinventing
the
wheel
as
well.
In
2020,
we
had
our
climate
action
and
accounting
special
interest
group
launched,
and
that
is
another
great
place
to
really
talk
about
sustainability
and
the
practices
that
we
see
in
the
marketplace
place
as
well.
So
once
again,
I
will
make
this
deck
available
in
one
second.
F
So,
as
you
can
see,
the
history
of
hyperledger
really
really
covers
the
way
that
the
marketplace
has
been
going
in
2021.
We
launched
projects
like
Firefly
and
bevel
that
are
really
about
making
sure
that
there's
tools
to
very
easily
deploy
and
build
networks
and
consortiums
and
other
use
cases
that
those
might
have.
So
this
is
an
invitation
for
all
of
you
to
join,
join
the
hyperledger
community.
You
can
join
a
community
called.
You
can
join
one
of
our
projects
in
Labs
there's
a
lot
of
great
works,
but
the
core
is
open.
F
F
We
cannot
do
all
the
great
work
that
we've
been
doing
since
2015.,
so
it
is
with
great
pleasure
that
I
also
want
to
introduce
a
circular
who,
since
2018,
has
been
a
member
of
the
hyperledger
foundation
and
really
shared
a
lot
of
the
work
and,
from
a
technical
perspective,
a
governance
and
perspective
and
I'm
really
looking
forward
to
Doug's
presentation.
As
well,.
A
E
E
The
the
particular
use
case
that
we
started,
the
business
on
was
trying
to
track
the
provenance
of
cobalt
in
electric
vehicle
battery
supply
chains.
Why?
Because
Cobalt,
as
some
of
you
I'm
sure,
will
know,
is
essential
to
lithium-ion
batteries,
which
of
course,
you
know
core
to
the
energy
transition.
E
But
65
of
the
world's
Cobalt
is
mined
in
the
Democratic
Republic
of
Congo,
with
all
sorts
of
concerns
around
human
rights
abuses,
child
labor,
etc,
etc,
and
we
were
looking
for
a
specific
use
case
where
there
was
a
real
asymmetry
of
participants
at
one
end
of
the
supply
chain.
You
have
car
money
factors
at
the
other
end
of
the
supply
chain.
E
E
The
US
has
passed
last
year
the
inflation
reduction
act,
which
provides
tax
credits
for
a
combination
of
responsible
sourcing
from
pre-trade
Nations
and
Made
In
America,
which
fundamentally
is
also
a
form
of
battery
passport,
essentially
where
stuff
come
from,
where
did
it
end
up,
and
so
there
are
themes
that
I'm
going
to
unpack
here
that
that
are
not
just
unique
to
the
automotive
industry.
Although
that's
the
example
I'm
going
to
talk
about
a
bit
more.
So
just
to
give
you
an
idea,
you
know
we
are.
We
are
working
with
a
whole
host
of
Brands.
E
This
is
a
very
small
selection.
Now
you'll
see
a
number
of
car
manufacturers
here,
you'll
see
you
might
recognize
some
of
the
Upstream
mimas
BHP
is
the
largest
Mining
Company
in
the
world.
Sqm
is
a
lot
one
of
the
largest
lithium
producers
in
the
world
and
a
whole
variety
of
others.
You'll
notice
oil
Majors.
E
E
You
know
the
the
question
around
governance
and-
and
you
know,
permissioned
or
non-permissioned,
public
or
private
questions
of
interoperability,
so
I'm
going
to
hopefully
try
and
draw
out
these
themes
as
we
go
and
I'm
conscious
of
time
so
I'm
going
to
try
and
keep
this,
so
we
actually
have
a
bit
of
time
for
questions
at
the
end.
Now
the
provenance
of
raw
materials
means
that
you
have
to
be
able
to
build
a
digital
thread
through
a
complex
supply
chain
and
no
supplied
oil.
E
E
So
what
you're,
essentially
trying
to
do
is
create
a
digital
twin
for
a
physical
commodity
source
and
build
these
digital
threads
that
follow
that
flow
of
materials.
Through
these
complex
web
of
interactions,
the
amount
of
time
between
mine
and
car
is
probably
nine
months.
So
what
you
need
to
be
able
to
do
is
notarize
and
time
stamp
transactions
so
that
you
can
be
confident
that
history
is
not
being
Rewritten
if
it
subsequently
proves
to
be
inconvenient.
E
So
if
you
haven't
responsibly
sourced
your
Cobalt
or
you
know
your
your
lithium
comes
with
environmental
concerns,
then
you
can't
rewrite
history
and
that's
the
value
that
of
a
blockchain
in
the
context
of
this
platform.
A
distributed.
Ledger
is
not
a
particularly
efficient
way
to
store
very,
very
large
amounts
of
data
and
process
it
efficiently.
E
We
have
both
apis
as
well
as
bulk
upload
data
mechanisms
for
large
volumes
of
data,
for
example
in
the
consumer,
electronics
Industry.
The
volumes
of
data
are
so
big
that
that
volume
of
structured
data
over
an
API,
even
when
collected
on
a
daily
basis,
is
a
little
bit
too
much
so
there's
a
whole
variety
of
things
in
the
platform
architecture.
E
Imagine
now
you
have
a
digital
thread
that
describes
the
provenance
of
material.
You
can
attach
other
information
to
that
digital
thread.
What
I'm
interested
in
is
the
identity
and
attributes
of
the
physical
material
and
the
identity
and
attributes
of
the
actors
along
the
supply
chain
that
work
on
that
material
through
the
supply
chain
and
when
I'm
talking
about
the
the
attributes
of
those
actors,
I'm
interested
in,
for
example,
in
their
scope,
one
and
two
carbon
emissions,
because
that's
how
you
build
a
picture
of
inherited
scope.
E
And
so
you
can
start
to
connect
a
material
to
the
actors
involved
with
them,
which
means
that
when,
for
example,
you're
a
car
manufacturer
in
Germany
and
you
have
to
comply
with
the
German
supply
chain
law,
which
means
you're
responsible
for
what
you've
inherited
from
the
supply
chain,
you
have
some
means
of
being
able
to
see
it
now
without
going
too
nerdy
on
batteries.
But
this
is
relevant
to
us
all.
If
we
care
about
the
energy
transition.
E
Clearly,
you've
got
rock
that
become
things
that
roll,
which
is
that
horizontal
line
and
then,
of
course,
that
battery
exists
in
a
vehicle
for
a
period
of
time
until
it
is
either
recycled
or
remanufactured
and
reused
or
repurposed
in
an
NG
storage
system.
The
circular
economy,
which
of
course
is
the
circle
on
this
diagram.
E
We,
the
reason
we're
all
shifting
towards
electric
vehicles
is
because
you
know
clearly,
internal
combustion
engines
are
very
polluting
when
we,
when
we
burn
diesel
and
and
and
petrol.
The
challenge,
though,
is
that
the
shift
to
electric
vehicles
is
not
necessarily
going
to
make
the
situation
better
and
that's
not
because
of
the
tailpipe
emissions
from
the
use
of
the
vehicle.
E
So
this
is
a
this
is
a
core
problem
that
industry
is
trying
to
solve,
even
as
they're
trying
also
to
create
digital
product
passports,
which
will
become
a
license
to
operate
for
car
manufacturers
in
Europe.
Now,
what
can
you
get
from
this
collection
of
information
about
either
the
physical
material
or
the
actors
involved?
Well,
you
can
obviously
see
what's
forgive
the
screenshots
a
bit
small,
but
you
can
obviously
see
what's
going
on
in
your
supply
chain.
I
talked
about
those
digital
threads.
E
One
of
the
things
that
was
touched
on
was
a
problem
with
the
Maersk
trade
lens
solution
was
neutrality
circular
plays
no
role
at
all
in
any
of
these
Supply
chains,
except
for
being
the
truth,
teller.
We
have
no
role
at
all
except
to
collect
information
from
supply
chain
participants
and
present
it
like
this
at
the
downstream
and
also
to
help
build
digital
product
passports
or
battery
passports
for
these
materials
and
the
approach
that
we
took
from
a
governance
perspective
to
this
was
different
to
some
of
the
earlier
generation
of
blockchain
projects.
E
Ibm,
for
example,
believed
firmly
in
the
idea
of
consortia
now.
The
problem
with
the
Consortium
is
it
has
a
significant
government's
overhead
is
fairly
slow
to
make
decisions.
You've
got
to
achieve
consensus.
I
don't
mean
that
in
a
blockchain
sense,
I
mean
that
in
a
human
sense,
between
multiple
different
organizations,
all
with
different
funding,
etc,
etc,
and
it's
painful
the
approach
we've
taken
is
one
of
if
you
like
a
coalition,
so
our
first
major
customers
of
Volvo
cars,
Volvo
cars
worked
with
us
on
the
traceability
of
cobot.
E
The
next
major
customer
was
Mercedes-Benz
that
was
interested
in
seeing
if
that
chain
of
custody
of
materials
you
could
start
to
attach
CO2
data
to
it,
there's
no
relationship
between
Volvo
and
Mercedes-Benz,
and
there
still
isn't.
You
know
in
our
in
our
in
our
platform
ecosystem,
but
they
each
benefit
from
The
Innovation
that
the
others
have
brought
to
it
and
that
continues.
What
we've
now
started
to
build
is
a
sizable
Data.
E
Network
we've
got
some
75
different
organizations
now
providing
battery
traceability
data
ranging
from
you
know,
mines
in
the
Congo
all
the
way
through
to
car
manufacturers
in
North
America,
and
it's
clearly
not
open
to
everybody
to
see
everything.
You
only
see
what
your
permission
to
see,
but
you
know
the
The
Innovation
driven
by
each
creates
Network
effects
for
each
of
the
others.
E
A
Awesome
yeah
thanks
for
for
the
presentation
and
being
mindful
of
the
time
so
I
think
we
can
open
up
the
discussion.
So
there
are
already
some
questions
in
the
chat,
but
perhaps
if
someone
has
already
one
question
for
Doug,
we
can
start
from
from
there.
Otherwise
again
you
have
already
something
in
the
chat.
G
G
What
are
those
features
that
undermining
this
trans
aspect
and
then,
when
we
talk,
we
talk
that
there
are
trust
issues.
Is
it
just
more
concerning
the
complexity
of
the
technology?
Privacy
concerns
scalability
or
you
know
the
regulatory
uncertainties.
Can
you
be
more
specific
on
that?
That
would
be
great.
Thank
you.
So
much.
E
E
Fraud
still
happens
today,
and
so
you
know
about
three
or
four
months
ago,
traffic
era,
one
of
the
world's
largest
commodity
Traders,
announced
that
they
had
lost
600
million
in
a
nickel
transaction,
because
what
arrived
at
the
other
end
of
the
supply
chain
was
rock
and
that's
a
pretty
sophisticated
organization,
and
there
are
many
other
examples
of
this
so
and
and
of
course,
fraud
pays
and
that's
just
one
example.
The
the
questions
of
trust
in
Supply
chains
is
nothing
to
do
with
technology.
E
It's
to
do
with
a
lack
of
transparency,
and
it's
technology,
particularly
newer
Technologies,
like
blockchain,
that
help
to
try
and
address
new
technologies,
often
address
old
problems
and
I've.
Just
said
that
supply
chain
Ford,
is
an
old
problem.
New
technologies
can
help
bring
trust
where
there
wasn't
any
before.
So.
If
you
know
I
I'm
running
a
responsible
artisanal
mine
site
in
the
Congo,
and
that
means
that
I'm
paying
my
workers
fairly
and
there's
no
kids
on
site
and
nobody's
digging
deep
holes,
the
collapse,
etc,
etc.
E
Then
I
want
to
be
able
to
get
my
material
to
Market
and
have
people
be
confident
it
actually
came
from
where
I
claim
that
it
has
come
from,
which
is
separately
audited,
to
say
that
this
is
a
responsible
mindset,
albeit
that
people
are
digging
with
picks
and
shovels,
and
that
means
you
need
reliable
provenance.
So
it
is
an
opportunity
to
use
a
technology
to
address
a
specific
need
relevant
to
a
question
of
trust.
E
Did
this
really
come
from
where
you're
saying
it
came
from,
and-
and
that
is
just
one
little
example
now
clearly,
when
you're
building
a
platform
like
ours,
you
need
to
build
tools
to
identify
anomalies
where
things
are
happening
that
are
not
as
expected,
where
claims
are
made
which
are
not
real.
For
example,
we
use
Machine
Vision
to
look
at
activity
at
mine
sites
in
certain
parts
of
the
world
and
compare
that
with
clean
production.
E
In
some
cases
where
there's
licensed
mine
sites
are
in
a
you
know,
what's
seen
as
a
safe
jurisdiction
bordering
somewhere,
that
is
not
seen
as
a
safe
jurisdiction
and
material
has
been
smuggled
across
the
border,
and
so,
if
there's
nobody
working
in
a
mine
site,
but
it's
producing
a
large
amount
of
material.
I
wonder
why.
So
it's
not
just
about
blockchain.
But
when
I
have
that
data
about
an
anomaly,
it
can't
be
changed
and
that's
also
helps
build
trust,
because
you've
got
that
neutralization
I'm
going
to
stop
and
get
other
speaker.
F
C
C
So
if
we
have
a
problem
which
is
in
in
relation
to
trust
or
or
security,
so
so
we
we
have
inter
inter
organizational
problems
right
and
then
that
problem
with
the
blockchain
are
converted
to
technical
problem,
technical
space,
technical
level
and
and
resolved
there.
So
I
think
the
the
bigger
issue
is
just
the
the
the
difficulties
of
governing
the
ecosystem
being
ecos,
blockchain
based
or
not.
C
I
think
this
is
the
main
issue
overall,
so
so
the
governance
of
ecosystem
is
is,
is
difficult
and
and
blockchain
is
nothing
different
right.
In
that
sense,
however,
the
the
blockchain
is
not
unhelping
there.
It's
definitely
helping
with
openness
with
what
Daniela
said,
the
notion
of
neutrality
and
open
source
position,
so
I
think
we
are
just
struggling
with
the
governance
of
of
such
complex
platform,
ecosystems
and
I.
C
E
It
then
talks
about
his
circular
custodian,
a
maintainer
of
the
blockchain
network
and
does
the
ecosystem
of
Partners
host
their
own
fabric
notes.
Some
do
many,
don't
so
many
you
know.
Participants
just
say:
I'm
happy
to
participate,
I'm,
happy
to
understand
that
this
is
something
that
others
upstream
and
downstream
of
me
also
participate
in
and
trust,
and
we
have
you
know
private
channels,
which
is
how
dangerous
shared
between
you
know.
E
Existing
commercial
relationship
participants
in
a
supply
chain,
but-
and
there
are
some
there
are
a
few
customers,
some
of
the
large
organizations
that
do
host
their
own
node
and
they
then
receive
a
subset
that
well
they
receive
all
the
data
that
is
relevant
to
them,
but
not
for
not
not
what
they're
not
permission
to
see,
which
is
to
other
manufacturers,
for
example.
Again,
that's
something
we
could
spend
a
lot
more
time
on.
F
But
I
think
it's
a
critical
point.
You
know
Doug
and
Merritt
about
the
understanding
that
there
are
strict
access
policies
and
requirements
to
these
systems
in
regards
to
who
sees
which
data
and
more
and
more
there's
a
lot
of
work
being
happening
in
the
blockchain
ecosystem
around
more
complex.
You
know,
data
collaboration
processes
and
exchanges.
F
If
you
think
about
things
that
are
happening
when
with
confidential
Computing
or
ZK
cat,
you
know
like
there's
a
lot
of
work,
academic,
work
and
implementation
work
to
just
really
understand
additional
ways
to
share
data
in
these
types
of
networks,
But.
Ultimately,
as
Doug
said,
many
of
these
platforms
are
built
on
permission,
blockchain
Frameworks
that
have
very
strict
access
policies
for
who
could
see
which
data
and
the
results
of
the
data
as
well
and
that's
built
in
you
know
core
into
these
systems.
That's
what
they
were
built
for.
A
E
E
It
needed
its
competitors
to
join
too,
and
there
was
nervousness
about
providing
data
to
a
platform
that
was
ultimately
controlled
and
governed
by
you
know
an
actor
who
is
might
be
one
of
your
competitors,
which
is
why
the
point
was
made
by
by
Marion
earlier
about
neutrality
and
why
I
made
the
point
when
I
was
talking
about
the
fact
that
we
play
no
role
whatever
in
the
supply
chains,
that
we
contribute
to
Marion
I'm
sure
you
know
a
lot
about
this.
No.
C
No
I
mean
you:
you
could
see
that
the
number
of
startups
the
blockchain
based
startup
like
cargo
X
like
many
Israeli
startup
as
well
startups
as
well,
that
are
doing
amazing
things
with
blockchain
in
the
context
of
supply
chain.
So
the
the
definitely
the
interest
and
application
of
blockchain
supply
chain
and
Global
Supply
Chain.
Is
there
it's
just
the
the
the
platform
sponsor
governance
in
this
particular
case
was
was
a
good
lesson
learned
for
us
going
forward
how
to
approach
such
platform.
E
I
mean
a
very
large
technology.
Company
like
IBM
needs
someone
who's
going
to
pay
the
bills,
and
so
I
understand
why
they
would
have
gone
to
a
large
corporate
to
do
it.
You
know
clearly,
if
you're
a
startup,
you're
you're
funding
yourself
until
you
can
attract
Venture,
Capital
Investments,
and
you
need
that
venture
capital
investment
until
you
can
start
to
generate
revenue
and
obviously
become
profitable.
It's
a
different
commercial
model,
which
frees
you
from
needing
a
large
commercial
sponsor,
yep.
F
We
all
just
have
to
keep
in
mind
that
this
is
still
very
early
on
right
where
we're
seeing
you
know
amazing
successes
like
the
likes
of
circular
and
others.
You
know
the
use
of
Technologies
in
these
systems,
and
these
you
know
Global,
Systems
and
infrastructure
and
Partnerships
is
new
right.
So
you
know
there
are
going
to
be
lots
of
different
ways
that,
whether
it's
trade
lens
or
we
trade,
you
know
and
others
the
approaches.
F
Many
are
early
on
right
and
we
keep
talking
about
the
Lessons
Learned,
but
even
the
technology
there's
going
to
be
changes
implementations.
So
when
we
talk
to
you
know
both
you
know,
consortiums
or
companies
that
are
building
platforms
is
really
also
understanding
the
flexibility
and
how
you
deploy
these
things.
And
how
do
you
also
architect
them
to
a
point
that
they
can
mature
as
the
technology
and
as
your
needs,
mature
and
things
like
interoperability,
that
I
mentioned
before
right,
these
networks
of
networks?
Can
you
know
to
speaking
to
one
another?
F
There's
not
going
to
be
one
DLT
to
you
know
to
rule
them
all.
You
have
to
build
on
this
DLT.
You
have
to
build
on
on
this
platform,
so
I
think
that's
you
know
an
important
aspect
of
it
is.
If
we
think
about
this,
we
all
you
know
blockchain
the
blockchain
industry,
if
you're
in
the
blockchain
industry,
it
feels
like
one
week
feels
like
three
years.
F
E
There's
a
there's,
a
question
just
come
up
on
chat
about.
You
know
I'm
curious
to
know,
thoughts
on
governmental
agencies
such
as
the
UN
to
act
as
trust
anchors,
certainly
the
space
in
which
we
operate.
The
role
of
regulators
policy
makers.
Governments
has
been
to
try
and
create
policy
objectives,
so
the
green
deal
in
Europe
has
been
the
umbrella
that
things
like
battery
regulations
has
stood
under,
which
is
required.
A
degree
of
transparency
in
us,
a
common
set
of
Standards
to
start
to
be
applied.
D
E
And
that
has
allowed
room
for
Innovation
about
how
to
prove
that
you're
complying
with
these
sorts
of
things
in,
in
this
case,
Global
Supply
chains,
where
you've
got
enormous
organizations-
and
you
know
individual
artisanal
miners
to
take
to
two
extremes.
And
so
you
know
the
and
I
think
for
the
certain
supply
chain.
E
Space
I
don't
see
yet
a
role
for
you
know
the
United
Nations
agency
of
supply
chain
or
whatever
to
to
somehow
deal
with
this,
because
I
suspect
that,
by
the
time
policy
makers
have,
you
know,
put
in
place
the
framework
of
regulations
and
harmonization
of
standards
across
between
China
and
Japan
and
Europe,
and
et
cetera
Etc
that
that
actually,
there
will
be
Solutions
already
of
scale
that
have
been
adopted
and
the
herd
has
moved
towards.
You
know
solutions
that
do
what
they
need
to
do
to
to
to
comply
and
demonstrate
what
they're
doing
yeah.
C
So
maybe
just
another
comment:
I,
don't
know
if
I'm
replying
to
to
the
question,
it's
a
very
similar
thing
like
with
the
AI
that
we
could
observe
these
days.
So
if
we
have
a
technology
domain,
an
application
domain
right,
so
these
two
domains
need
to
interact.
We
need
to
bridge
like
very
deep
understanding
of
the
problem.
We
want
to
solve
like
a
Cobalt
like
like
a
shipping
industry
like
Samara,
so
that's
an
application
domain
and
then
the
technology
is
another
domain
that
that
needs
to
kind
of
interact
with
application
domain.
C
D
D
C
H
D
E
You
know
the
underlying
technology
behind
AI
to
to
identify
anomalies
and
to
learn
patterns
within
you
know,
what's
going
on
within
Supply
chains
that
helps
us
look
for
additional
anomalies
places
where
people
are
trying
to
break
the
rules,
but
that's
something
you
can
train
and
you
can
learn.
I
I
think
this.
The
fundamental
is,
you
know,
good
data
needs
to
go
into
distributed
Ledger,
and
then
you
can
trust
that
the
good
data
was
believable.
H
H
The
the
the
applications
make
the
decisions
be
based
on
some
model,
some
context
Etc,
but
but
the
output
of
that
application
is
stored
in
the
blockchain.
Is
it
also
possible
to
store
the
context
of
how
the
dead
decision
is
made
by
the
application
so
that
you
can
trace
back
the
responsibility
that
okay,
this
application
made
a
good
decision?
This
application
made
a
bad
decision.
You.
E
H
E
D
E
I
can
only
speak
for
what
we're
doing,
which
is
that
almost
all
the
data
is
stored
in
traditional
databases,
cost
of
that
storage
is
relatively
modest.
The
GPO
the
GPU
load
is
also
modest,
which
means
it's
not
expensive,
because
what
we're
doing
is
we're
hashing
Blobs
of
data
to
the
the
blockchain,
and
we
use
high
pleasure
Fabrics.
So
we're
not
paying.
You
know
gas
or
some
other
crypto
for
transaction
volumes
on
the
distributed
Ledger.
A
E
E
I
gave
the
example
of
bulk
data
uploading,
the
consumer,
electronics
Industry,
because
the
volumes
of
data
are
much
higher,
but
the
the
the
whole
point
is
that
we've
exposed
apis
both
in
and
out
as
the
principle
means
of
moving
structured
data
between
Platforms
in
an
agreed
format
and
that's
agreed
as
part
of
the
implementation
process.
Marin
talked
about
the
implementation
when
he
was
speaking
as
part
of
the
implementation
process
of
onboarding
and
implementing
the
connection
into
the
platform
by
individual
supply
chain.
Participants.
B
E
In
in
the
context
of
critical
minerals,
the
data
that
is
necessary
is
well
understood.
You
know,
because
you
know,
ultimately,
it's
all
aggregated
up
into
what
will
eventually
be
battery
passports,
the
requirements
for
which
are
being
set
by
regulators,
and
so
the
contribution
of
data
from
participants
in
the
supply
chain
is
something
that
that
isn't
negotiable
and
if
suppliers
we
find
this
now,
some
Midstream
participants
don't
want
to
play,
but
then
they
find
themselves
excluded
from
the
supply
chains
that
would
eventually
find
materials
coming
into.
E
For
example,
Europe
a
similar
thing
will
apply
in
the
US
on
the
inflation
reduction
act
where,
for
example,
you
know
you
can't
have
Russian
nickel
coming
in
because
of
sanctions.
So
you
know
if
you,
if
you
don't
want
to
play
or
you're
in
the
wrong
place
or
you're,
not
prepared
to
declare
where
you're
getting
something
from
you'll
find
yourself
excluded
from
the
supply
chain.
E
B
E
E
Well
and
there's
another
there's
an
overlap
between
warranty
management
and
the
maintenance
of
a
battery
passport,
and
some
car
manufacturers
are
starting
to
look
at
the
idea
of
a
digital
product
possible
for
the
car
as
a
whole,
particularly
for
safety
critical
components.
So
you
can
address
questions
like
which
you
know.
H
C
D
C
E
C
I
could
yeah
I
could
take
an
major
I've,
been
part
of
that
Association.
They
are
doing
a
amazing
job.
They
are
pushing
actually,
the
the
the
you
know,
the
the
comp
The
Ground
Zero
for
for
every
everybody,
so
I
think
that
they're
putting
a
lot
of
work
into
standardizing
the
interfaces
and
if,
if,
if
I,
go
back
to
the
notion
of
a
technology
domain
and
application
domain,
so
the
technology
domain,
we
have
a
hyperledger,
we
have
Open
Standards,
so
this
is
kind
of
already
resolved.
C
Standardization
is
there,
but
on
the
application
domain,
you
know
you
have
so
many
different
standards
and
file
formats
in
the
shipping
industry
that
that
is
just
you
know,
not
allowing
progress.
So
so
that's
their
role
to
standardize
the
interfaces,
and
so
we
could
Leverage
The
the
technology
in
the
best
possible
way
and
I
think
it's
it's
progressing
quite
well.
F
Yeah
and
I'll
just
add
to
that.
Obviously,
open
source
code
always
has
to
you
know
the
the
standards
and
implementations
and
a
lot
of
these
systems.
It
is
the
data,
the
data
modeling
that
needs
to
be
done,
and
the
specifications
across
the
industry
and
the
companies
and
countries
you
know
very
importantly,
as
well,
especially
in
Supply
chains,
so
groups
like
the
CSA
and
others
are
really
needed
in
order
for
the
the
code
to
be
implemented
and
usable.
A
Great
I
think
that's
was
enough
as
an
answer
hope,
so
at
least,
and
well
with
that
I
would
say
that
it's
we
are
done
so
thanks,
Marine,
Daniela
and
Doug,
and
all
the
audience
for
the
Lively
discussion.
I
would
say:
I
hope
that
we
were
able
to
offer
you
overview,
both
theoretical
and
practical,
on
how
blockchain
can
be
implemented,
at
least
in
supply
chain,
and
what
are
the
challenges
and
what
are
the
possible
solutions
in
the
implementation?