►
Description
Special Edition InterCommunity 2020: Stories of Resilience - December 16 2020
(Index below)
00:00 Welcome - Evelyn Namara, Manager, Community Engagement and Special Interest Groups
01:05 Introduction - Joyce Dogniez, Vice President, Community Engagement
06:16 Growing the Internet - Jane Coffin, Senior Vice President, Internet Growth
21:49 Promoting the Right to Access through Community Networks - Joseph Bishi, Projects Manager, Murambinda Works, Zimbabwe
29:34 Strengthening the Internet - Joseph Lorenzo Hall, Senior Vice President, Strong Internet
44:08 My Encryption Journey - Theorose Elikplim Dzineku, Chair, Programs and Communication, ISOC Ghana
52:13 Q&A
Joseph Lorenzo Hall, Senior Vice President, Strong Internet
Jane Coffin, Senior Vice President, Internet Growth
Karen O'Donoghue, Director, Internet Trust and Technology
Massimiliano Stucchi, Regional Technical Advisor - Europe
Dan York, Director, Web Strategy & Project Lead, Open Standards Everywhere
Moderator: Joyce Dogniez, Vice President, Community Engagement
1:19:31 Chapterthon Announcement - I Heart the Internet
1:22:19 Closing remarks - Evelyn Namara, Manager, Community Engagement and Special Interest Groups
https://www.internetsociety.org/intercommunity/2020/stories-of-resilience/
SLIDES https://www.internetsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/ICOMM2020-StoriesofResilience-slides.pdf
A
All
right,
good
morning,
good
afternoon,
good
evening,
wherever
you
are,
thank
you
so
much
it's
an
honor
to
have
you
on
this
call.
For
those
who
don't
know
me,
my
name
is
evelyn
namara
and
I'm
the
manager
global
seek
and
community
engagement.
This
inter-community
event
is,
unlike
any
other
we've
had
this
year.
It's
a
special
edition,
focusing
on
how
resilient
you,
our
community,
have
been
in
a
very
difficult
and
challenging
year,
2020.
A
A
B
Thank
you
so
much
evelyn
buenos
diaz
bonjour
have
a
good
day.
Everyone,
wherever
you
are,
whichever
time
zone
it
is
it's
a
pleasure
to
see
so
many
of
you
and
I
see
some
people
are
still
dripping
in
so
welcome
everybody
to
this
call.
It's
been,
I
think,
we've
all
said
it
a
couple
of
times
already
evelyn
already
alluded
to
it.
It's
been
a
challenging
year.
I
know
many
of
the
colleagues
are
looking
forward
to
2021
actually,
but
let's
take
a
moment
to
pause
and
actually
reflect
back
on
this
year.
B
So
for
many
of
us
things
have
been
very
different
at
home
at
work
professionally.
Personally,
the
last
year
in
particular,
since
the
global
pandemic
started,
we've
seen
that
the
internet
was
and
is
still
a
lifeline.
In
many
ways,
children,
including
my
my
little
one,
actually
is
using
the
internet
to
continue
their
education.
B
B
B
We
saw
increased
participation
of
our
organizations
in
support
of
our
projects
and
events,
and
so
I
want
to
say
thank
you
for
the
support
throughout
the
year.
It
really
makes
a
difference.
We
also
celebrated
our
2020
jonathan
postel
award
winner,
mr
ono,
and
I
from
indonesia,
and
I
invite
you
to
read
about
his
achievements.
I
think
that
the
link
will
be
shared
in
the
chat
here.
C
B
B
B
We
also
needed
some
energy
boosts
once
in
a
while.
So
we
we
actually
did
some
virtual
yoga
zumba
and
some
more
things
that
I'm
sure
some
of
them
will
be
happy
to
share
on
a
one-on-one
call,
maybe
not
in
a
public
setting
like
this,
but
so
none
of
this
would
be
possible
without
all
of
your
dedicated,
passionate
and
very
supportive
community
across
the
globe.
B
That's
all
of
you
actually,
so
I
wanna
really
take
a
moment
to
say
thank
you
for
advancing
the
internet
society
mission
through
goods
and
through
more
challenging
times,
but
you've
been
there
throughout.
Throughout
this
year,
so
thank
you
thank
you
for,
for
being
there
and
and
for
being
part
of
this
amazing
community.
B
D
You
joyce
and
thank
you
community.
This
is
not
possible
what
we
do
and
what
you
do
without
joint
support.
So
thank
you
for
everything
that
you've
done
this
year
and
in
the
past,
and
let's
take
this
great
energy
and
resiliency
that
we
found
this
year
and
celebrate
that
for
this
year
and
move
forward
into
a
next
year
where
we
will
just
do
even
more
fabulous
things.
The
growing
the
internet
portfolio
has
three
different
projects
in
it
and
it's
it's
been
quite
a
year.
Resiliency
is
the
watchword.
D
As
joyce
said,
with
the
pandemic,
it's
clear
that
the
internet
is
a
lifeline.
It's
reasserted
the
need
for
quality,
reliable
and
affordable
internet
for
everyone
translated
into.
We
can't
do
without
it.
Everyone
needs
it.
We
need
to
connect
everything
as
andrew
said
on
a
recent
presentation,
andrew
our
ceo,
and
that's,
been
our
vision
and
our
mission
to
connect
people
globally
secure
in
a
trustworthy
manner
and
you're,
going
to
hear
more
from
some
of
our
great
rock
star
participants
in
the
work
we
do.
D
Congratulations
to
all
of
you
that
have
survived
all
the
zoom
calls
that
have
survived
wondering
you
know
how
much
longer
you
can
be
on
a
video
chat
for
the
for
the
entire
day
week
or
month.
You
did
it
and
you
built
things.
You
built
communities
and
you
built
infrastructure,
go
team
amazing,
and
I
just
I'm
inspired.
D
If
you
look
at
this
picture
here,
it
shows
you
people
are
doing
things
to
deal
with
the
pandemic
to
deal
with
connecting
each
other
and
again,
it
is
so
inspiring
when
people
go
out
there
and
we
have
to
capture
the
data
in
order
to
make
sure
we
can
talk
about
what
we've
done
so
more
on.
This
is
that
in
each
of
our
regions,
in
collaboration
with
all
of
you,
the
community
we've
reimagined
what
virtual
means
to
keep
everyone
together.
D
We
helped
build
this
internet
that
is
so
important
to
everyone
every
day
and
to
progress.
All
of
this.
We
have
to
do
it
with
you.
I
often
will
say
that
the
base
of
the
pyramid
of
the
sustainability
for
infrastructure
in
our
communities
is
building
more
partnerships.
We
can't
do
it.
We
don't
ever
want
to
be
a
single
point
of
failure
as
your
partner,
so
the
world
began
paying
attention
to
the
internet,
speeds
and
measurements.
D
This
infrastructure
that
we've
supported
through
all
of
you,
through
the
ietf,
through
others,
through
the
technical
community
for
the
policy
and
the
regulatory,
this
fabulous
infrastructure
stood
up
and
it
now
needs
to
be
built
out
even
more,
and
we
need
to
make
sure
that
we're
documenting
that
information
looking
at
those
measurements
telling
the
world
about
that
data
that
can
be
used
for
good,
evidence-based
policy
making
and
so
we've
done-
is
collaborated
even
more
with
all
of
you.
During
covid,
I'm
going
to
talk
a
little
bit
about
what
that
looked
like.
D
D
We
collaborated
with
policy
makers
and
regulators
in
jurisdictions
around
the
world,
with
global,
regional
and
national
organizations,
and
and
also
with
governments,
to
ccns
treated
more
favorably
favorably
and
what
we
mean
by
that
is
to
see
the
words
community
networks
or
complementary
access
in
their
their
output
documents.
Huge
successes
there
with
the
g20
with
the
world
economic
forum
with
the
international
telecommunication
union
development
sector
and
all
of
whom
are
great
partners
with
partners
like
a4ai
and
the
association
for
progressive
communications
apc.
D
We
had
huge
successes
on
a
tribal
priority
windows
success
in
the
united
states.
Often
the
indigenous
communities
are
left
behind.
We
we
did
a
sprint
with
the
team
mark,
buehl
who's,
the
rvp
for
north
america
huge
shout
out
to
mark
for
all
the
great
work
he
did
with
the
team
on
that
sprint
chapters.
Thank
you
chapters
involved
in
our
work
from
new
york
to
haiti,
to
the
to
washington
dc
to
brazil
and
ethiopia.
You
worked
with
us
hand
in
hand.
D
You
often
were
the
face
taking
in
suggestions
to
governments
on
how
they
could
look
at
advice,
brought
advice
from
us
and
what
to
do
with
universal
service
or
spectrum.
Those
those
crazy,
important
things
that
we
need
to
make
those
community
networks
run.
We
trained
over
300
people
on
the
cn
team,
and
there
was
an
african
summit
which
is
still
underway.
D
The
indigenous
connectivity
summit
was
a
big
success
with
eight
weeks
of
prep
and
training
and
people
splicing,
and
actually
putting
networks
together
at
home,
which
was
super
cool
and
the
cnx
apec,
which
raj
just
concluded
and
with
our
partner
def
apc
and
a4ai
huge
huge
work
together.
So
thank
you
for
that,
because
without
that
group
effort
team
effort,
the
community,
we
couldn't
build
infrastructure
during
covid
and
we
did-
and
it's
thanks
to
all
of
you.
So
thank
you
to
our
partners
there
and
people
on
the
ground
who
are
climbing
across
rooftops
and
mountains.
D
D
This
has
been
another
huge
effort
where
it's
a
very
operational
project.
Like
cns,
we
supported
over
23,
ixps
trained
over
500
humans
and
organized
over
20
virtual
meetings
with
peering
communities,
network
operator
groups,
as
I
said
before,
in
the
n-runs,
and
thank
you
to
all
of
the
partners
from
the
fl
flex,
optics
of
the
world
to
the
lynxes.
D
You
know
who
you
are
and
others
who
helped
us
organize
facebook,
others
who
helped
us
organize
the
big
peering
events
online,
that
kept
the
band
together,
as
we
say,
or
the
community
together,
and
we
made
a
lot
of
progress
in
new
and
developing
ixps.
That
means,
after
you've
been
a
startup.
We
will
level
you
up
and
you
go
to
that
next
level
and
we
kept
everyone
engaged.
We
were
able
to
send
out
equipment.
D
This
was
often
tricky,
as
you
can
imagine
to
get
equipment
into
countries
right
now,
because,
quite
frankly,
when
you
do
have
a
pandemic,
you've
got
to
focus
in
your
own
country,
on
your
people
and
your
health
and
safety.
So
equipment
wasn't
often
a
first
priority,
but
over
time
we
found
people
finding
very
creative
ways
to
get
equipment
into
countries
and
so
again
another
huge
success.
We
were
able
to
do
what
we
could
do.
I
just
a
shout
out
also
to
our
fyx
community.
This
is
the
african
ix
community.
D
We
saw
that
continue
on
this
year
and
thank
you
and
I
should
say
a
huge
shout
out
again
to
the
chapters
for
working
with
us
throughout
on
the
infracom
work
as
well,
and
we've
gotten
lots
of
sponsorships
for,
and
thank
you
to
our
sponsors
and
thank
you
to
our
partnership
team
for
all
the
great
work
in
keeping
those
virtual
events
going
and
being
creative
yannick
deserves
a
shout
out
who's
from
the
staff
team
here
for
all
of
the
innovation
and
she
pivoted
she
was
agile.
Thank
you.
D
This
was
a
big
deal,
people
who
had
normal
jobs
and
that
were
the
in-person
events,
went
from
the
in
person
to
the
online
and
their
lives
changed.
So
thank
you
for
doing
that,
because
you
helped
bring
everybody
forward.
Kept
it
super
positive
and
we
built
things
and
we
built
communities
and
we
built
infrastructure
so
again
super
proud
of
all
the
work
there.
We
can't
do
what
we
do
next
slide
without
very
important
focus
on
data.
D
You
hear
and
see
all
the
great
stories
out
there
about
x,
number
of
volume
of
traffic
going
through
this
country
and
more
and
more
people
needing
connectivity.
We
saw
the
gap.
The
covid
in
many
ways
has
helped
us
amplify
our
message
when
you
have
something
like
this,
that
happens,
that
impacts
people's
lives
so
much.
We
have
to
look
for
opportunity
and
hope
and
part
of
that
is
in
the
numbers
believe
it
or
not,
and
so
the
measuring
the
internet
project,
the
mti
team
working
with
partners
working
with
chapters
working
with
org
members.
D
Congratulations
to
that
team.
They
launched
an
insights
platform
in
december.
This
was
early
in
december
a
couple
weeks
ago.
This
platform
had
months
of
work
behind
it
and
partnerships
and
discussions
about.
Can
we
use
your
data?
What
does
that
look
like?
Can
you
be
a
partner
with
us?
What
do
you
think?
I
mean
it
was
an
amazing
effort
by
a
startup
team.
This
is
a
new
project,
but
it's
it.
It
harkens
on
many
important
things
that
we
know
from
the
policy
and
regulatory
world
and
also
for
those
that
are
in
shutdowns.
D
D
You've
been
great
partners
and
the
information
is
on
the
landing
page,
the
insights
landing
page,
and
if
someone
could
pop
that
into
the
chat,
that'd
be
really
great
again.
We've
also
partnered
with
afrinic
the
african
regional
internet
registry.
They
hand
out
ip
addresses
and
autonomous
system
numbers
for
geeky
people,
but
they're
also
a
wonderful
partner
of
ours
in
building
a
better
internet
and
a
bigger
internet,
both
afrinic
and
the
measurement
lab
the
mlab
team
have
been
working
with
us
to
develop
an
internet
resilience
focus
area
in
africa.
D
That
means
more
data
for
you
about
and
four
of
our
chapters.
Sorry,
madagascar,
abedin,
burkina
faso
in
ethiopia
have
been
working
with
us
on
this
resiliency
focus
area
as
well.
They've
been
involved
in
this
project
and
currently
measurement
probes
are
available
in
five
countries.
What
does
that
mean?
It
means
that
some
great
technical
work
is
being
done
in
order
to
measure
traffic
to
take
a
look
at
the
health
of
the
internet.
In
those
countries,
the
measurement
probes
are
in
madagascar,
mauritius,
kenya,
burkina
and
ethiopia
for
data
collection.
That's
another
huge
team
effort.
D
Thank
you
so
much
to
all
our
partners
there.
The
project
team
from
the
insights
on
the
insights
platform
and
measuring
the
internet
team
has
had
a
huge,
huge
boost
with
susana
gray
who's.
The
coms
lead
for
the
project
and
I'll
give
shout
outs
to
the
other.
Comms
leads
later,
but
she's
really
done
an
amazing
job
at
highlighting
this
project,
with
respect
to
the
blog
posts
and
other
information
that
we've
been
able
to
get
out
there.
D
So
we
presented
at
events
on
the
state
of
the
internet
during
the
pandemic
to
showcase
its
resiliency
and
agility
in
2021.
We'll
continue
that
to
build
our
partnerships
with
more
measurement
data
providers,
get
you
reports,
give
you
more
data
for
data
driven,
and
we
want
to
improve
the
platform
based
on
feedback
from
you.
D
Matt
who's,
the
project
lead
and
kenny
who's.
A
co-lead
are
working
on
a
survey
kenny's
leading
on
that
survey
to
get
feedback.
It's
really
important
that
we
continue
to
improve
that.
We
innovate
with
you
as
a
community
how
you
can
contribute
to
that
insights
platform,
because
many
people
have
asked
us.
D
This
is
a
joint
team
effort
across
the
organization
and
with
our
community,
and
you
have
been
resilient
and
awesome.
So
thank
you
for
building
a
bigger,
better
internet
with
us,
and
I
am
going
to
turn
it
back
over
to
joyce
and
just
appreciate
what
I
hear
from.
Oh,
no,
actually,
I'm
introducing
joseph.
How
could
I
forget
joseph
bishi
is
one
of
our
key
partners
in
zimbabwe.
D
E
Thank
you
so
much
greetings
and
love
from
zimbabwe.
All
protocol
observed
the
journey
of
pioneering
a
community
network
in
rose.
Babu
district
of
murabinda
was
one
of
the
toughest
decisions
we
had
in
our
attempt
to
make
a
contribution
within
our
local
community,
confronting
the
odds
of
trying
to
bridge
the
digital
gap
of
addressing
a
national
imbalance
of
a
majority
of
over
68
percent
of
the
populous
residents
in
the
rural
areas.
E
E
Good
relations,
which
gave
us
an
entry
point
to
gain
trust
from
significant
senders
of
the
community
since
2003,
where
we
managed
to
set
up
a
cyber
cafe
to
offer
digital
literacy
courses
to
the
community
and
basic
inaudible
service.
However,
the
cyber
states
is
widely
regulated.
As
you
all
know,
and
our
country
is
no
exception.
E
Any
attempt
to
seek
penetration
is
met
with
high
suspicion
from
the
mandated
regulatory
authority
and
giant
network
operators
dominating
the
big
terms.
Apart
from
battling
the
unsupportive
inflationary
economy,
it
took
us
time
to
be
able
to
gather
and
set
up
the
infrastructure,
overcoming
our
goals
from
all
angles:
the
community,
political
and
economic
factors
overcoming
panhard
was
a
humbling
experience
that
led
us
to
the
realization
of
the
magnitude
of
what
we
were
attempting
to
accomplish
a
big
vision
that
that
was
seeking
to
solve
a
generational
problem.
E
It
was
strengthened
by
other
problems
that
didn't
seem
to
appreciate
our
resolve.
Regardless
of
all
this,
we
have
a
successful
compelling
story
in
our
society
has
been
so
much
flexible
to
ensure
that
this
happens.
Many
things
to
the
team
which
stood
with
us
for
the
way
to
ensure
that
we
unlocked
this
long
desired
need.
We
managed
to
deploy
a
40
kilometer
radius,
connecting
four
schools,
a
district
referral
hospital,
some
ngos
and
business
secretary
in
the
committed
large.
E
Eventually,
the
regulator
allowed
us
to
launch
a
pilot
network
project
for
learning
purposes.
We
got
invited
to
a
consultation
process
on
revising
the
unlicensed
debate
and
we
understand
some
police
changes
are
on
the
way
for
the
benefit
of
all
underserved
communities
in
the
country.
We
got
partnership
with
one
of
the
biggest
nurses
provider,
taiwan,
by
the
name
who
is
willing
to
give
us
internet
from
whatever
area
we
need
across
the
country.
E
Since
what,
since
I
was
born
in
problem
history,
the
unceremonious
outbreak
of
kovid
19
pandemic
is,
by
any
measure
one
of
the
deadliest
and
most
vicious
attack
ever
to
be
filled.
The
human
race,
threatening
not
only
human
life
but
bringing
towards
every
system
that
sustains
community
from
mobility
of
people,
industry
and
economies,
a
global
shutdown
that
is
left
there.
Entire
group
gasping
for
air
to
survive
through
desperate
measures.
E
It
was
the
crowning
moment
for
the
vision
we
had
perceived
years
ago,
of
building
community
networks
in
most
disadvantaged
communities
in
zimbabwe
when
the
world
wake
up
in
a
new
reality
that
brought
everything
to
heart.
It
was
that
moment
the
vision
was
vindicated
to
provide
access
to
the
ever-growing
demands
of
inner
access
that
evolved
from
necessity
to
a
matter
of
life
and
death,
even
a
person
in
the
most
remote
areas
of
raw
communities
of
zimbabwe
and
african
life.
E
You
don't
need
any
persuasion
to
understand
the
importance
of
this
vision,
though
we
had
a
perspective
change
because
of
the
pandemic.
Our
network
deployment
focus
is
to
change
in
the
direction
of
the
new
demands,
hostile,
where
there
was
a
shift
that
work
and
learning
were
to
be
done
from
home
with
the
support
of
united
society.
Again
this
year,
we
managed
to
overcome
this
challenge
by
building
community
wi-fi
worksports
in
residential
areas,
enabling
access
on
the
rambina
network
from
the
comfort
of
their
homes.
The
availability
of
a
commit
network.
E
B
Thank
you
so
much
joseph
this
is.
This
is
an
amazing
story
and
as
you've
seen
in
the
chat-
and
I
I
I
want
to
highlight
that
your
passion
and
your
energy
really
comes
through
the
story
that
you
just
told
and
you
you
clearly
made
a
huge
difference
to
your
own
community
by
by
all
the
work
that
you
and
and
the
team
there
have
been
doing.
B
So
I
think
you
said
you
set
the
bar
high
for
others
to
to
to
replicate,
but
I
also
know
from
the
story
that
the
collaboration
with
other
existing
community
networks
was
key,
so
that
is
maybe
something
to
look
forward
to
as
we
develop
more
community
networks
and
and
increase
collaboration
among
all
of
you.
So
thank
you
very
much
for
sharing
the
story
and
thank
you
for
sharing
the
amazing
images
and
and
the
passion
that
you
you
convey
through
the
through
the
story.
B
F
Absolutely
thank
you
so
much
that
was
definitely
truly
inspiring
joseph
from
one
joe
to
another.
Let
me
tell
you
that
that's
amazing
stuff
2020
has
been
full
of
challenge
so
full
of
challenge,
and
we
hope
that
by
highlighting
some
of
these
stories
we
show
that
there
has
been
some
diamonds
that
that
come
out
of
the
rough
so
to
speak,
and
and
what
I'm
going
to
talk
about
are
the
resilience
and
security
elements
of
of
isoc's
work
and
by
all
means
you
know
you
are
our
customers.
F
F
Meet
yourself,
please
thank
you.
So
in
2020
we
focus
on
creating
tools
and
fostering
really
important
relationships
that
advocate
for
a
strong
internet
while
making
sure
that
we
involve
the
community
along
the
way
and
that
we
have
no
choice.
Obviously,
that's
a
really
important
part
of
how
we
do
our
work
and
with
covid
as
I'll
talk
about
it
became
even
more.
We
did
a
bunch
of
things
this
year
we
with
a
bunch
of
our
new
pro
projects.
F
We
set
a
ton
of
groundwork
for
technical
work
and
advocacy
at
2021..
We
importantly
mapped
out
a
bunch
of
audiences.
This
is
something
that
may
be
unfamiliar
to
many
of
you
unless
you
have
a
communications
background,
but
when
you
speak
like
we
do
so
much
in
so
many
ways,
you
need
to
speak
with
an
audience
in
mind
and
know
what's
important
to
those
audiences.
What's
important
to
chapter
members,
what's
important
to
chapter
leaders
compared
to
chapter
members,
we
have
to
know
those
things.
F
We
spent
a
lot
of
time
defining
specific
stances
about
certain
kinds
of
technical
subjects
and
policy
issues,
and
we
very
carefully
established
a
bunch
of
relationships
with
key
stakeholders
that
can
help
us
make
sure
that
the
internet
is
for
everyone
and
that
it's
a
strong,
secure,
internet
covert
19
made
it
really
difficult
to
do
all
this
stuff,
but
it
even
as
joseph
had
said
it
made
it
even
more
important
that
we
had
this
connectivity
and
that
people
trusted
the
connectivity.
Connectivity
isn't
worth
a
whole
lot.
F
F
I
know
a
bunch
of
the
parents
out
there
were
not
ready
to
suddenly
also
be
the
teachers
and
do
their
work
at
the
same
time,
and
those
of
us
who've
had
to
adapt
our
work
to
home
environments.
Sometimes
it
can
be
really
rough.
You
mean
you
may
not
have
the
connectivity.
You
may
not
have
any
connectivity
and
then
making
sure
that
you
know
one
of
the
things
that
the
cobot
really
highlighted
was
was
connecting
online
and
often
in
some
of
the
most
gravest
of
circumstances.
F
I
can't
tell
you
how
heartbreaking,
but
but
hopeful
it
was
to
see
people
saying
the
last
words
to
a
loved
one
who
was
in
isolation
with
kovid
over
a
video
link.
You
know
that
was
completely
unthinkable
10
years
ago
right
in
some
places
it's
unthinkable
now,
but
we
need
to
work
on
that.
We
faced
a
ton
of
challenges.
F
C
F
F
All
right,
so,
let's
talk
about
some
of
the
successes
from
the
projects.
There
are
an
amazing
amount
of
things
that
I
could
talk
about,
so
we've
picked
a
few
and
by
all
means,
if
you
have
a
pet
one
that
you
really
want
to
know
about,
or
that
I
don't
mention.
Please
ask
in
the
q
a
we
have
project
leaders
on
the
call
right
now
who
can
talk
about
these
kinds
of
things?
F
Our
encryption
project
started
up
and
just
hit
the
ground
running.
Amazingly,
despite
covet
and
all
that
kind
of
stuff,
we
launched
something
called
the
global
encryption
coalition,
which
is
a
a
global
coalition
of
coalitions.
Just
like
the
internet
is
a
network
of
networks.
We
have
eight
priority
countries
with
small
coalitions
that
then
feed
up
into
a
global
coalition.
F
It's
currently
at,
I
think
the
last
number
I
heard
was
115
members
that
could
be
more
now,
I'm
not
sure
it
tends
to
grow
quite
a
bit,
but
that
surpasses
our
goal
of
having
100
members
in
this
coalition
and
this
coalition
isn't
just
internet
society.
It
also
involves
the
center
for
democracy
and
technology
and
global
partners.
Digital
and
I
apologize
to
the
translators
and
captioners
I
talk
way
too
fast.
I
will
try
to
slow
down.
F
It's
you
know
the
glue
that
holds
everything
together,
don't
mess
with
it
published
a
bunch
of
individual
fact
sheets
that
you
can
use
talking
about
specific
aspects
of
encryption
in
your
work
or
to
convince
people
that
encryption
is
important
and
we
published
a
paper
on
quantum
computing
and
the
effects
of
something
called
quantum
and
computing
on
encryption
which
could
once
it's
here
render
a
lot
of
the
encryption
we
use
right
now
worthless,
so
to
speak.
So
we
have
to
prepare
for
that.
F
Our
time
security
project
had
a
bunch
to
show
for
their
work.
This
year
there
was
a
set
of
community
resources
that
they're
developing
for
deployment
of
something
called
network
time
security
and
the
network
time
protocol,
which
is
network
time
security,
is
an
extension
of
the
network.
Time
protocol
we've
deployed
a
bunch
of
secure
time,
nodes
time,
server,
nodes
that
that.
G
F
The
world
with
secure
time
resources-
and
these
are
useful
for
testing
new
nts
clients.
If
you
have
a
client
that
need
that
is
going
to
be
using
secure
time,
you
can
actually
use
these
nodes
to
test
your
clients
against.
These
are
based
on
open
source,
implementations
of
network
time
security,
one's
called
crony,
the
other
is
called
ntp
sec.
F
We
also
are
in
the
process
of
finalizing
a
website
to
serve
as
an
ongoing
community-based
repository
of
network
time
security
information,
including
a
best
current
practice
for
operating
ntp.
So
even
if
you
can't
do
secure
time
yet
you
need
to
do
good,
unsecured,
insecure
time
before
you
can
do
good
secure
time,
and
then
we
coordinated
some
test
events,
including
one
in
ietf
108
in
the
hackathon,
which
resulted
in
the
release
of
the
first
network
time
security
test
tool
moving
along
our
internet
way
of
networking
project
set
out
this
year
to
actually
answer
the
question.
F
What
makes
the
internet
so
special
and
they
answered
it
and
they
came
out
with
a
something
called
the
internet
impact
assessment
toolkit
that
talks
about
these
five
critical
properties
that,
if
any
of
these
critical
properties,
you
know
a
general
purpose
network,
a
common
naming
system
like
the
dns.
These
are
important
things
that
make
the
internet
work.
F
If
any
of
these
properties
are
diminished
or
undermined,
it
starts
to
undermine
the
value
we
get
out
of
the
aggregate
internet
and
we
publish
this
internet
impact
assessment
toolkit
after
a
very
successful
and
widely
participated,
pdp
policy
development
process.
Where
we
come
to
you
and
say:
hey
here's
something
we're
doing.
Let
us
know
if
we're
off
or
if
you
like
it.
F
We
also
partnered,
with
our
brazil
chapter,
to
develop
a
university
course
at
fundacio,
tullio
vargas
in
sao
paulo
and,
most
recently,
if
you're
really
into
the
nerdery
of
interfaces
and
apis
application
programming
interfaces.
We
published
a
white
paper
on
the
issue
of
mandating
openness
in
certain
kinds
of
these
interfaces.
Regulators
may
say.
B
F
F
F
Awesome
so
moving
right
along
to
two
other
projects:
the
routing
security
area
with
mutually
agreed
norms
for
routing
security
manners.
Manners
has
been
around
for
five
years.
It's
it's
a
jewel
in
our
crown.
They
had
some
very
serious
challenges.
You
know
a
lot
of
the
manor's
work
involves
going
to
ietf,
going
to
the
nog
meetings
going
to
meetings
of
the
rir's
and
giving
workshops
and
saying
hey.
We
should
really
be
more
secure
with
our
writing.
You
know
advocating
for
routing
security.
F
The
united
states
are
probably
not
going
to
be
led
into
many
countries
for
a
long
time,
and
so
what
we
had
to
do
is,
and
after
and
the
team,
the
banners
team
were
super
innovative
and
established
an
ambassador
and
fellowship
program
and
tweaked
it
a
bit
so
that,
instead
of
us
and
people
that
we
work
with
going
directly
out,
we
had
ambassadors
and
fellows
working
in
their
regional
areas
to
actually
do
things
around
manners,
be
it
training,
be
it
research,
be
it
policy
and
things
like
that.
We've
reached
500
manners,
network
operators.
F
Absolutely
not
not
least,
last
but
not
least,
any
stretch
of
the
imagination
is
our
the
open
standards
everywhere
project
which
set
out
to
make
it
easy
to
deploy
modern,
secure,
fast,
reliable
web
servers.
They
stood
up
for
reference
servers
and
you
can
you
could
find
all
of
this
stuff
on
on
github.
So
four
reference
servers
using
two
different
web
servers,
nginx
and
apache-
are
the
technical
names
for
the
web
servers
with
cdn
front
end.
F
So
if
you
had
a
content
distribution
network
on
the
front
of
your
website,
there's
a
ton
of
documentation
and
implementation
guides
about
how
to
actually
build
these
kinds
of
websites
easily
and
maintain
them.
We
have
all
this
documentation
and
such
on
github.
We
can
point
you
to
it.
Hopefully
someone
will
drop
a
link
in
the
chat
to
that
stuff.
In
terms
of
how
that's
changed
and
impacted
things,
we
saw
chapters
just
do
amazing
things
with
this.
F
For
example,
the
I
saw
kolkata
chapter
was
at
32
percent
in
terms
of
security,
so
bad
and-
and
you
know,
internet
protocol
stuff,
but
they're
able
to
with
a
a
good
bit
of
work
and
and
using
some
of
our
advice
and
contributing
back
to
us,
they're
able
to
get
their
website
up
to
100
compliance,
which
means
as
secure
as
we
can
make
it
as
resilient
as
we
can
make
it
using
all
modern
protocols.
Like
you
know,
I
don't
you
know,
let
me
get.
F
I
won't
start
on
modern
protocols
I
saw
hosted
websites
went
in
aggregate
from
72
to
about
93
percent
compliance
and
dan
is
probably
on
the
call
and
can
probably
correct
he
may
not
be
on
the
call.
Someone
can
correct
me.
We
may
have
gotten
closer
to
100
with
isoc
hosted
websites,
since
I
wrote
these
notes,
but
I'm
not
exactly
sure.
F
F
F
B
B
Whoa
one
is
santa
claus,
hans
batisa,
if
you
scroll
through
the,
if
you
scroll
through
the
videos,
you
will
see,
we
have
santa
on
the
call
and
we
have
a
special
guest
in
the
shape
of
shakespeare
brought
to
us
by
no
other
than
debbie
hotspitz.
So
if
you
scroll
through
the
videos
you
see,
we
have
famous
people
on
the
call.
F
H
It's
nice,
it's
nice
to
have
you
all
here,
and
so
my
name
is
pieros
ellie
cling
ginaku,
I'm
currently
based
in
ghana
and
I'm
from
ghana,
I'm
the
current
chair
for
programs
and
communication
for
iso
ghana.
My
my
training
journey
was
a
smooth
one.
I
will
just
want
to
establish
the
basis
of
my
training
and
why
the
issue
of
encryption
is
so
great
to
me.
I
can't
remember
when
the
call
came
in
for
for
training.
H
H
I
have
no
basic
knowledge
of
it,
so
I
wanted
something
that
has
no
internet
words
in
it,
but
unfortunately
I
didn't
get
that
so
I
I
just
have
to
be
stuck
with
the
encryption
training,
but
I
I
just
told
myself
that
well
I
mean
that
is
what
I
have
now
and
that
is
the
option
available.
So
I'll
try
as
much
as
possible
to
make
goodies
of
the
opportunity
that
was
provided,
and
I
must
admit
that
it
was
one
of
the
best
decisions
that
I've
taken
this
year,
because
the
teaching
was
so
good.
H
It
was
very
simple
like
it
was
so
basic.
I
understood
everything
and
I
I
really
loved
it
and
I
hope
to
to
do
more.
So
at
the
end
of
the
the
project
of
the
training,
I
I
made
some
few
things
I
implemented
now.
I
actually
wrote
a
research
paper
because
at
the
end
of
the
project
we
were
to
make
implement
a
project.
Various
options
were
given
and
I
chose
to
write
a
research
paper
and
now
my
research
paper
was
actually
focused
on
the
journalism
industry
in
ghana.
H
Information,
sensitive
information
are
sent
to
the
wrong
people
just
because
they
have
no
knowledge
on
how
to
keep
that
same.
So
with
that
basis
in
mind,
I
set
her
to
write
a
three-page
article,
which
I'll
post
the
link
in
the
chat,
or
everything
will
help
me
do
that.
I,
I
wrote
a
research
article
out
of
that,
and
it
has.
H
I
mean
it
confirmed
the
fact
that
now
this
research
is
limited
to
ghana,
so
I
wouldn't
know
the
state
of
that
in
other
countries,
but
it
has
shown
that
in
down
that,
first
of
all,
a
majority
of
the
journalists
who
are
already
working
have
no
knowledge
on
encryption.
They
don't
actually
they've
heard
the
word
before,
but
they
don't
know
what
it
is.
They
don't
even
know
the
type
they
don't
know
how
to
do
basic
encryption.
H
So
I
told
myself
that
okay,
fine,
even
though
the
training
is
over
and
the
initiative
is
over,
I
think
with
the
father-
they
don't
know,
I
could
do
more
by
teaching
them
how
to
encrypt
knowledges.
With
the
basic
that
I've
learned
so
I
went,
I
went
ahead
to
plan
a
workshop
which
I
will
discuss
at
the
latter
part
of
myself.
C
H
So
some
of
the
challenges
that
I
faced,
because
I
wouldn't
say
that
it
was
a
smooth
implementation.
For
me,
one
of
my
major
challenge
is
the
covered
restriction,
because
the
training
actually
happened
when
the
the
pandemic
was
high,
and
so
a
lot
of
people
were
not
allowed
to
move
on.
Actually,
ghana
was
on
lockdown
and
from
march
to
august
we
were
not
supposed
to
go
out
or
anything.
So
I
wasn't
able
to
really
do
my
workshop
during
that
era
and
because
event
sentences
were
closed.
H
Obviously
people
were
not
responsive
to
to
the
call
when,
with
when
I
sent
out
an
initial
registration
link,
knowing
that
it
has
to
be
a
physical
event,
I
didn't
get
a
lot
of
people
interested
yes,
so,
but
how?
How
did
I
overcome
the
challenge?
First
of
all,
I
was
resilient.
I
already
established
that
at
the
beginning
that
I
really
wanted.
I
really
wanted
to
use
the
little
knowledge
that
I
gained
to
make
a
change.
H
H
We
support
we
put
a
proposal
together
and
we
were.
We
won
a
grant
to
implement
the
event.
So
please
next
live
when
when
we
actually
set
on
the
date,
the
initial
date
was
in
october,
but
when
we
got
to
october,
even
though
the
bands
on
lockdown
lockdown
was
lifted,
a
lot
of
people
were
still
not
interested
in
coming
and
we
were
not
able
to
get
the
event
centers
that
we
wanted
to.
So
we
had
to
use
an
alternative
event.
H
That
was
a
conference
room
in
the
ministry
of
communication,
and
surprisingly,
it
was
so
ironic
because
the
event
happened
on
the
19th
of
november
and
ghana
was
going
to
have
their
election
on
the
7th
of
december.
So
it
came.
I
mean
I
mean
if
you
see
the
joke
in
it,
it's
very
shocking
that
we
are
teaching
encryption
or
we
are
having
an
encryption
program
within
the
ministry
of
communication,
knowing
that
they
communicate
all
the
important
information
out.
So
we
didn't
have
a
lot
of
people
present.
H
I
mean
you
can
see
some
of
the
pictures
here.
We
don't.
We
didn't
allow
a
lot
of
people
to
come
in
because
we
wanted
to
observe
the
protocol,
but
we
had
people
connect
victims,
and
these
were
some
of
the
comments
that
we
got
on
our
social
media
platform,
our
twitter
platform.
After
the
event
in
in
all,
I
would
want
to
say
that
I
was
very
happy
that
I
I
I
was
able
to
do
something
little
it.
It
didn't
look
big.
H
B
B
B
F
No,
I
was
just
saying
in
the
chat.
Encryption
can
sound
very
intimidating,
but
I'm
just
amazed
at
there's
a
really
wonderful
example
of
of
dipping
your
toe
in
the
waters
and
then
going
for
a
swim.
So
to
speak,
and-
and
let
me
tell
you
one
of
the
things
we
aim
to
do-
a
lot
of
is
demystifying
things
that
may
be
technically
intimidating.
F
J
I
F
I'm
sure,
if
he's
on
the
call
uses,
as
one
of
the
data
sources
are
kenny
who's
another
another
project
leader
as
one
of
the
data
sources
uses
beta
telemetry
from
firefox,
which
means
we
have
a
really
rich
source
of
data
from
people
using
the
firefox
browser
about
things
they
see
on
the
internet.
How
many
times
do
you
encounter
a
unencrypted
website
versus
an
encrypted
website?
A
variety
of
things
like
that,
so
that
that's
a
really
wonderful
thing.
We
also
work
with
them
on
advocacy
stuff
too.
F
B
Yes,
indeed,
jeff
actually
mentioned
it
here.
Mozilla
is
also
a
member
of
the
global
encryption
coalition.
So
you
see
very
closely
working
together
on
that
front
as
well.
So
definitely
and
matt
has
just
posted
here-
some
the
link
again
to
the
inside
platform,
with
some
more
information
on
the
data
that
we're
tracking
there
in
collaboration
with
mozilla.
D
D
F
D
B
We
have
a
question
from
rude
janssen
from
I
think
you're
in
basel
right.
If
I
look
at
the
background,
unless
you're
cheating
the
background
you
never
know
now
so
internet
society
usually
mentions
that
only
half
of
the
world's
population
is
connected
to
the
internet.
What
is
your
wish
for?
2021
in
terms
of
how
many
of
the
world's
population
is
connected
jane?
B
D
J
Also
from
in
the
example
from
joseph
there
is,
there
is
the
need
to
make
everything
more
sustainable,
so
hopefully
we
will
get
more
people
connected
and
all
of
them
in
a
in
a
more
sustainable
way
in
2021.
That
is.
That
is
what
I
would
like
to
see
in
2021
and
one
community
at
a
time
towards
the
goal
of
connecting
100
of
the
population.
B
So
I
see
joe
has
actually
answered
a
question,
but
I
will
pause
it
again
to
see
if
there
is
anything
else
that
comes
bubbles
up,
because
I
think
it's
a
really
interesting
one
herbie
charles,
I
don't
know
where
you're
based
herbie.
But
what
advice
would
you
give
to
someone
who
decides
to
go
online
for
the
first
time.
F
So
my
quick
response
was
a
technical
response.
You
know,
use
a
browser
and
some
browsers
you
can
actually
configure
such
that
there
are
no
insecure
flows,
but
that's
a
pretty
technical
answer.
I
think
a
more
appropriate
answer
is
check
out
places
like
wikipedia
you
know
the
vast
quantities
of
knowledge
out
there
that
you
might
want
to
learn
about,
and
maybe
another
one
is
don't
read
the
comments
and
maybe
stay
away
from
twitter
for
a
little
while.
But
I.
C
F
B
So
if
I
may-
and
I
don't
see
him
on
my
screen
so
I'm
trying
to
there
is
many
screens
now,
but
if
I
may,
I
would
like
to
point
that
question
to
joseph
and
actually
see
from
his
perspective,
who
just
actually
set
up
a
community
network
and
told
us
the
amazing
story
of
how
it
all
happened.
What
would
you
recommend,
as
you've
actually
gone
through
the
exercise?
What
is
the
first
thing?
You
actually
would
tell
people
who
come
online.
I
don't
know
joseph,
I
don't
see
you
there.
You
are.
E
E
So
the
person
who
comes
first
online,
the
best
way,
is
to
ensure
that
they're
relevant
content
that
she
needs
is
there
so
that
you
can
be
comfortable
to
be
online
because
in
most
communities
like
rural
communities,
people
may
not
be
interested
to
be
online
because
they
feel
there
is
no
relevant
communication
or
information
that
they
would
need
so
trying
to
ensure
that
we
have.
That
could
be
ideal.
B
C
B
B
G
Thank
you
for
poking
me,
victor,
okay.
So
a
quick
one.
On
the
on
this
issue
of
what
you
do
when
you
come
online,
I
run
a
community.
Sorry,
I'm
a
member
of
isoc
nigerian
chapter,
I'm
the
current
secretary,
but
prior
to
this
I
run
something
called
the
community
networks
for
africa.
You
know
bringing
all
the
community
networks
together
and
trying
to
share
information
and
possibly
understand
better
how
to
you
know
penetrate
the
rural
area.
G
After
saying
that,
so
the
first
thing
I
do
with
our
people
is
to
ensure
that
I
make
them
a
member
of
the
internet
society.
That's
the
first
thing
I
do
for
someone
who
needs
to
come
online.
The
beauty
about
the
name
is
internet
society,
so
I
make
them
understand.
This
is
the
first
place
where
you
get
to
know
how
to
access
the
internet.
What
information
you
share
online
and
the
last
chapter
tone
involved
with,
was
evolving
a
lot
of
our
approach
in
language
and
perception.
I
think
we
could
do
better.
G
G
We
never
knew
it
would
take
such
a
space
as
this,
where
we
get
to
have
a
pandemic,
but
now
everyone
has
gone
virtual,
even
those
who
felt
it
could
not
be
virtual
that
the
only
best
way
to
have
a
meeting
is
a
face
to
face.
I've
now
learned
to
understand
that
virtual
is
the
next
best
thing
in
the
world.
It's
just
like
saying
back
in
the
past,
oil
is
the
gold.
Now
the
internet
is
the
gold.
G
Everyone
needs
the
internet,
and
I
think,
for
now
most
of
us
who
have
spent
close
to
20
25
years
on
the
net,
now
need
to
become
newbies,
and
the
reason
why
I'm
saying
this
is
that
prior
today
we
didn't
have
to
rely
so
much
of
bringing
all
our
data
online.
Now
we
need
to
pay
attention
to
the
kind
of
data
we
bring
online.
Some
of
us
may
be
fortunate
we're
having
zoom
and
there's
no
bombing
there's
times
where
young
people
come.
G
Companies
associations
are
coming
online
and
having
their
own
zoom
meeting
and
there's
a
bombing,
and
nobody
knows
what
that
is
all
about.
So
most
of
us
in
the
chapter
in
my
own
chapter,
for
example,
I've
had
to
live
with
how
to
better
understand
the
shortcut
to
engaging
ourselves
to
ensuring
our
projects
are
executed
and
to
ensuring
that
the
right
information
and
communication
is
passed
out.
Thank
you.
B
Thank
you
so
much
akimbo
and
thank
you
for
everything
you
do
with
the
chapter
as
well.
It's
much
appreciated.
I
just
wanted
to
add
that
as
a
commenter-
and
I
saw
your
recommendation
or
request-
I'm
not
sure
which
way
to
read
it,
but
I
guess
it's
a
combination
of
both
for
for
an
internet
society
app
at
some
point
for
centralizing
all
of
the
information.
So
note
it.
Thank
you
for
that
suggestion.
B
B
J
I
I
would
say
many
of
the
challenges:
haven't
changed
power,
for
example,
but
others
have
made
it
a
little
bit
easier.
If
we
look
at
the
progress
that
wireless
technologies
have
made,
that
is
helping
a
lot
you
can.
You
can
buy
antennas
that
do
long
range,
20,
25
kilometers,
for
for
what
is
a
reasonable
amount
of
money,
so
the
that
has
improved.
That
has
changed,
but
some
challenges
states
stayed
the
same
and
also
you
have
to
consider
also
that
many
more
people
want
to
be
connected.
J
So
we
see
that
it's
easier
to
find
what
we
call
the
local
champions,
people
who
want
to
step
up
and
and
work
for
their
community
people
like
joseph
people
like
theodoras,
and
so
it's
it's
easier
on
that
side.
On
the
other
hand,
you
also
you
still
have
regulators,
you
still
have
regulations
that
sometimes
pose
obstacles
for
the
bringing
internet
to
more
and
more
communities.
So
it's
still
it's
still
pretty
similar
to
how
it
was
in
the
90s,
but
we
do
have
technologies
to
overcome
some
of
the
limitations.
K
I
was
just
going
to
say
that
there
are
risks
to
password
managers,
but
it
is
still
a
step
in
the
right
direction
because
it
makes
it
easier
for
a
user
to
manage
multiple
passwords
across
multiple
sites.
It's
a
bigger
risk
to
have
an
easy
to
guess,
password
or
a
password
or
the
same
password
on
multiple
sites,
and
so
password
managers
enable
you
to
to
mitigate
that
risk
significantly.
So
I
would
strongly
encourage
them.
B
K
Yeah,
I
mean,
I
think
there
are
trade-offs
for
for
different
tools.
I
don't
have
a
a
specific
way
to
check.
I
generally
survey
articles
and
listened
to
our
own
I.t
people.
I
know
they're
specifically
looking
at
some
commercial
solutions
for
us
and
there
are
some
open
source
solutions
as
well,
and
you
look
at
where
your
password
file
is
ultimately
stored.
K
How
is
the
data
stored?
Is
it
you
know?
Was
it
encrypted
in
such
a
way
that
it's
stored
on
a
remote
cloud
service,
but
the
the
cloud
service
and
anybody
who
gets
access
to
that
file
still
can't
have
the
data,
because
you
actually
control
the
key.
So
you
have
the
password
to
that.
So
there
are
a
number
of
sites
out
there
that
look
at
comparing
the
various
tools
and
what
the
characteristics
of
them
are
and
then
each
person
needs
to
do
their
own
risk
analysis.
B
Thank
you
karen.
Thank
you
for
jumping
in
there's
a
broad
question,
which
I
mean
just
I'm
gonna,
throw
it
out
again
and
see
who
picks
it
up,
but
it's
a
it's
a
broad
question:
what
are
new
plans
to
increase
security
of
the
internet
or
what
are
the
new
things
that
are
out
there
to
increase
increase
the
security
of
the
internet?
B
I'm
sure
evelyn
will
will
put
the
plug
for
that
one
at
the
end
of
the
call,
but
I'm
doing
a
little
pre-advertising
moment
here,
but
so
some
of
that
may
be
addressed
then,
but
I
don't
know
if
anyone
wants
to
jump
in
and
offer
a
number
of
thoughts,
I
don't
know
can
if
you
want
to
add
some
thoughts
to
that
like
what
are
some
of
the
trends
we
are
seeing
or
that
we
have
learned
from
in
2020
to
bring
it
back
a
little
bit
to
the
content
of
of
today's
presentation.
I.
C
Well
to
rude's
question:
I
think
what
we're
seeing
in
you've
seen
some
of
it
already
in
the
stories
here
around
things
like
how
do
we
upgrade
the
security
at
the
different
levels
of
the
internet?
You
know
you're,
seeing
it
with
manners
and
what's
happening
with
with
rpki,
with
with
bgp,
with
the
ways
to
make
that
level
more
secure,
you're,
seeing
it
at
the
dns
level
was
we
already
talked
about
things
like
dns
over
https
we're
seeing
it
with
encryption?
C
If
you
look
at
where
we've
come
over
the
last
five
years,
with
the
the
growth
in
https
on
the
web,
you
know
it's
we've
gone
from
very
low
in
many
ways
now
up
to
almost
90
in
some
parts
of
the
world
or
more
sites
are
over
there.
So
it's
really
looking
at
the
security
across
all
these
different
layers
of
things
that
are
happening
at
a
technical
level.
That's
really
where,
where
that
level
of
things
are
happening,
I
would
say.
Does
that
answer
your
question
rude.
B
With
a
question
from
rouwini,
thank
you
dan.
I
see
some
more
information
in
the
chat
popping
up,
so
I
think
you
triggered
conversation
which
is
great.
Thank
you.
I
have
a
follow-up
question
from
olivier
and
I
think
max
I
might.
I
might
throw
that
one
your
way.
What
about
the
new
satellite
constellations?
Will
these
be
a
game
changer?
Will
we
will
this
be
able
to
overcome
local
legislation
issues,
but
I'm
I'm
gonna,
add
the
connectivity
to
that.
J
J
So
we've
we've
had
discussions.
We
are
also
talking
to
as
community
networks
project
to
some
of
the
operators,
and
hopefully
they
will
help
in
the
years
to
come
to
to
reduce
the
gap
to
bring
more
people
online,
but
there
are
also
challenges
connected
to
to
satellite
connectivity,
for
example,
certain
operators
who
have
who
still
need
to
launch
a
high
number
of
satellites
to
cover
the
whole
world
or
the
cost
of
such
a
solution.
J
B
There's
a
question
from
hans
santa
hans,
I
should
say
I'm
going
to
call
you
that
now
he's
leaving
it.
To
what
extent
is
china
currently
participating
in
the
governance
and
evolution
of
the
internet?
So
I
see
some
some
nods
and
some
smiles
on
the
on
the
screen.
Here
I
don't
know
max
if
you
want
to
add
something
from
the
connectivity
perspective
and
then
I'll
we
can
potentially
see
who
wants
to
raise
a
hand
to
take
on
some
of
the
other
pieces.
J
J
If
you
look
at
the
amount
of
drafts
and
new
suggestions
for
protocols
and
solutions
that
they're
pushing
through
huawei
and
at
the
itf
at
the
internet,
engineering
task
force
that
that's
going
to
have
an
impact
very
very
soon,
and
then
there
there
has
been
a
big
highlight
of
this
year.
Was
the
the
proposal
called
new
ip,
where
they
aim
at
introducing
a
totally
new
protocol?
I
haven't
I'm
not
really
an
expert
in
that.
J
B
B
B
B
Now
I'm
gonna
keep
the
suspense
for
just
a
little
while
longer,
because
not
everybody
on
the
call
is
probably
aware
of
what
the
chapter
tone
is.
So
I'm
gonna
take
I'm
gonna,
I'm
gonna.
Let
the
potential
winners
just
wait
for
a
couple
of
more
seconds,
so
the
chapter's
on
is
an
opportunity
for
chapters
and
members
to
submit
projects,
ideas
and
to
participate
in
a
in
a
global
marathon
of
chapters.
B
If
you
want
related
on
or
on
a
given
topic
and
this
year,
the
theme
was,
I
hearts
the
internet
and
it
was
a
moment
to
shine
the
light
on
innovative
solutions
that
our
chapters
and
members
carried
out
to
help
their
communities,
in
particular
in
in
local
challenges.
That
2020
has
brought
to
us,
and
so
now
now
is.
I
would
need
to
have
a
drum
roll
background
here,
but
and
now
the
winner
is.
B
Put
the
heart
in
my
screen
and
say
another
congratulations
to
to
the
winners,
but
actually
congratulations
to
everybody
who
participated
it's.
It
was
heartwarming
to
see
all
the
submissions
and
obviously
we
had
to
pick
winners.
I
know,
or
you
had
to
pick
winners
I
should
say
so.
That
is
what
happened.
So
congratulations
to
everyone
and
thank
you
for
for
the
enthusiasm
in
participating
in
the
chapters
on
this
year
and
on
that
note
evelyn.
I
think
I
will
pass
it
on
to
you
to
close
off
the
call.
A
A
A
Thank
you
so
much
again
for
joining
thanks
to
our
community
representatives
for
sharing
your
stories.
Thank
you,
everyone
for
staying
to
the
very
end,
we
thank
you
for
2020..
This
has
been
our
fifth
inter-community
event
and
we
hope
to
have
better
stories
in
2021..
Thank
you
so
much
everyone
and
see
you
in.