►
Description
City Council held a modified open house meeting for a presentation and Q&A session with Diane Saxe, former Environmental Commissioner of Ontario, regarding climate change. For full meeting agenda visit https://bit.ly/2ySzqVc
A
C
D
D
C
Thank
you
very
much
judges
before
we're
getting
you
further.
Are
there
any
declarations
of
pecuniary
interest?
Okay,
seeing
none
it's
over
to
me
for
some
opening
remarks:
I'm
just
gonna
pivot
around
here.
So,
ladies
and
gentlemen,
it
is
of
course
wonderful
to
welcome
all
of
you
here
to
Memorial
Hall
for
tonight's
conversation.
C
C
C
We
will
have
a
couple
of
staff
people
with
with
microphones,
and
so,
if
you
have
a
question
for
our
speaker,
you
can
just
raise
your
hand
and
once
I
recognize
you
then
we'll
make
sure
we
get
you
a
microphone.
The
only
thing
I'm
going
to
ask
is
just
for
numbers
that
we
have
here,
just
if
we
just
have
one
question
per
person,
at
least
at
least
to
start
off,
and
then,
if
there's
time
we
can
circle
back
for
a
second
question.
So
with
that
I
I
will
begin
our
presentation
by
inviting
Peter
Hugo
Boss.
C
F
G
H
Bad,
we
are
as
a
country,
so
it's
not
just
per
capita
that
we're
very
big
climate
polluters
because
we
are,
but
as
a
country,
even
there
are
only
37
million
people
of
the
nearly
200
countries
in
the
world.
Canada
is
one
of
the
top
ten
climate
polluters,
both
now
and
in
terms
of
our
cumulative
contribution
to
the
pollution
of
the
atmosphere.
So
it
really
does
matter
what
we
do
and
the
combined
effect
of
all
these
greenhouse
gas
emissions
is
giving
the
world
a
fever.
We
were
the
highest
ever
rate.
H
Ghd
is
greenhouse
gases,
it's
mostly
from
burning
fossil
fuels.
We
have
the
highest
rate
of
climate
pollution
right
now.
We
have
the
highest
level
of
climate
pollution
in
the
atmosphere.
We
have
the
highest
temperatures.
We
have
the
highest
ocean,
acidity
we're
just
breaking
record
after
record
after
record
after
record,
which
is
why
the
scientists
are
screaming,
so
we've
been
building
up
heat.
Basically,
during
my
lifetime,
until
about
the
middle
of
the
last
century,
the
climate
pollution
was
rising,
but
we
weren't
really
starting
to
experience
the
effects.
H
A
couple
of
things
happen:
one
is
that
the
rate
at
which
we
burn
fossil
fuels
greatly
increased
in
the
about
the
middle
of
the
last
century,
and
the
second
thing
that
happened
about
the
1970s
is
we
cleaned
up
some
of
the
filth
in
the
atmosphere
that
used
to
be
corroding
our
lungs
and
that
has
allowed
more
heat
to
arrive
and
more
heat
to
build
up
as
well.
So
we've
really
been
building
up
the
extra
heat
during
my
lifetime,
see
where
is
it
well?
Those
of
you
with
really
sharp
eyes.
H
You
can
see
on
the
left-hand
side
that
graph
there's
a
tiny
bit
of
red
at
the
bottom
of
the
graph.
Please
not
if
you
can
see
that
of
all
the
heat
that's
built
up
in
the
world
from
the
from
the
climate
crisis,
the
red
is
what's
in
the
air
about
1%
there's
about
3%
in
soil
and
vegetation
is
about
3%,
that's
warmed
up
the
ice,
all
the
rest
of
its
in
the
water,
most
of
that
in
the
oceans,
most
of
that
in
the
Southern
Oceans,
and
that
starts
changing
a
lot
of
things.
H
So
when
you
warm
up
water,
I
hope
you
learned
this
in
grade
3.
The
first
thing
that
happens
is
warmer:
water
takes
up
more
space.
What
does
that
do
to
sea
level?
Ok,
it
doesn't
matter
if
you
believe
it
or
not.
Second
thing:
when
you
warm
up
water,
it
holds
less
oxygen
matters
for
everything
that
has
to
breathe
in
the
oceans
and
the
third
thing.
When
you
warm
up
water
and
there's
a
clue
on
the
slide,
storms
or
heat
engines,
they
get
their
power
from
the
temperature.
H
At
the
surface
of
the
ocean,
the
heart
of
the
ocean
is
the
more
powerful,
the
more
explosive,
the
more
destructive
the
storms,
which
is,
of
course,
exactly
what
we're
seeing.
So
my
experience
has
been
because
I
was
an
environmental
and
energy
lawyer
for
40
years
before
I
became
Commissioner.
Is
that
when
people
get
bad
news,
what
most
people
want
to
do
is
to
hang
on
a
wait
for
normal
to
come
back?
Have
you
ever
seen
that
and
what
we
mean
by
normal?
Well,
people,
my
age
by
normal,
mean
the
average
of
the
20th
century.
H
That's
what
our
laws
are
designed
for.
That's
what
our
infrastructure
is
designed
for?
That's
what
our
insurance
is
designed
for,
and
that's
the
zero
line
in
that
chart
and
I
hope
you
can
see
that
we
don't
live
there
anymore,
and
we
know
that
it
cannot
come
back
because
it
takes
about
a
generation
between
the
time
that
we
put
climate
pollution
into
the
atmosphere
and
the
time
that
we
really
start
to
experience
the
effects
and
see
it
showing
up
on
charts
like
this,
which
is
just
showing
us
how
temperatures
have
already
changed
right.
H
H
You
hear
sometimes
people
talking
about
we've
reached
this
new
normal
now
this
is
nonsense.
New
normal
is
when
you
gain
10
pounds
and
you
buy
a
new
pair
of
pants
right
and
you
expect
you're
going
to
be
able
to
wear
that
new
pair
of
pants.
That
doesn't
make
any
sense
if
you're
gaining
weight
faster
and
faster
and
faster
and
faster
and
faster
every
month.
Well,
that's
what
we're
doing
we're
emitting
climate
pollution
faster
and
faster
and
faster,
and
it's
going
up
in
the
atmosphere.
So
some
of
you
have
heard
of
350.org
right.
H
350
is
the
closest
thing.
We
have
to
a
magic
number,
our
best
estimate
how
high
carbon
dioxide
can
be
in
the
atmosphere
for
long
and
still
give
us
the
kind
of
world
we
had
when
I
was
young.
With
coral
reefs
and
mountain
glaciers
and
low-lying
island,
States
and
fairly
predictable
weather,
you
can
tell
we're
nowhere
near
350,
anymore,.
H
H
There
weren't
any
people,
so
we're
in
completely
uncharted
territory
and
we're
going
faster
and
faster
and
faster,
as
if
we
could
Swee
were
in
the
Titanic.
We
could
see
the
iceberg.
We've
decided
to
go
full
steam
ahead
directly
at
it
as
fast
as
we
can
go
now
we're
starting
to
see
the
impacts
everywhere
in
the
world.
Canada
were
some
of
the
luckiest
in
the
world,
ontario
for
sure
we're
the
luckiest
people
in
the
world
we're
a
long
way
from
the
equator,
we're
a
long
way
from
sea
level.
H
The
only
ocean
coast
we
have
the
land
is
rising
faster
than
the
sea,
but
even
so,
canada
is
heating
up
twice
as
fast
as
the
world
average.
We're
we've
been
heat.
The
whole
world
has
heated
up
a
little
over
one
degree
in
the
last
century,
and
a
half
Ontario
has
warm
more
than
that,
just
since
1948
we're
on
track
to
two
and
a
half
of
four
degrees
warming,
certainly
with
when
these
these
young
people
are
in
the
prime
of
their
lives
and
it's
different
in
different
parts
of
the
province.
H
It's
not
the
same
everywhere
where
you
can
see,
and
at
least
you
can
see,
there's
different
colors
and
parts
of
Ontario.
What
this
is
showing
is
how
the
frost
fee
season
has
changed
already
in
the
last
four
decades,
and
there
are
parts
of
Ontario
there's
little
red
dots
where
the
growing
season
has
increased
more
than
13
days
a
decade
for
four
decades
already
and
there's
parts
of
Ontario
you
can
see
in
blue
where
it
hasn't
changed
at
all.
So
the
impacts
it's
a
global
problem,
but
the
impacts
can
be
very
local.
H
Now
we
know
that
cities
in
Ontario
are
warming
up
even
faster
than
the
provincial
average,
and
this
is
from
Toronto,
because
we
have
the
best
historical
data
from
Toronto.
But
again
the
world
has
warmed
a
little
over
one
degree.
In
a
century
and
half
how
much
is
Toronto
warmed
in
that
same
period
of
time,
more
than
three
degrees,
so
we're
at
the
core
at
the
cutting
edge.
H
The
International
Monetary
Fund
put
out
a
really
interesting
working
paper
just
a
little
while
ago,
looking
at
which
of
the
countries
of
the
world
are
going
to
have
the
largest
percentage
damage
to
GDP
during
the
lifetimes
days.
Children
from
the
climate
crisis,
just
from
temperature,
who
do
you
think,
has
the
the
single
of
the
large
economies
in
the
world
which
one
is
gonna,
have
the
most
climate
damage
according
to
the
IMF,
put
your
hands
up.
It's
us.
H
We
can
see
the
impacts
already
in
terms
of
winter
being
wetter.
Some
places
are
drier
in
the
summer,
but
Ontario's
wetter
in
the
winter
and
again
this
is
only
what's
happened
already
in
the
last
four
decades
and
the
darker
blue
areas
are
the
area
where
precipitation
has
increased
the
most
in
the
winter,
and
it's
not
just
that.
There's
more
there's
also
what
used
to
come
as
reliably
as
snow
now
frequently
comes
as
rain.
H
Now
everything
I've
talked
to
you
about
so
far
is
averages.
Averages
are
important.
We
talk
about
1.2
degrees,
we
talk
about
3
degrees,
all
of
that
is
averages,
but
the
averages
only
tell
you
part
of
the
story.
So
the
old
joke
goes
if
your
heads
in
the
oven
and
you
have
third-degree
burns
and
your
feet
are
in
the
freezer
and
you've
got
frostbite
on
average.
You
are
on
average
you're
great,
but
actually
you
have
burns
on
the
frostbite,
so
it's
the
extremes
that
do
most
to
the
damage.
H
H
How
much
worse
are
climate
extremes
now
here
in
Canada
the
United
States
the
answer
already
four
times
worse
with
much
more
ahead,
so
it
means
when
not,
if
means
we're,
not
if
these
are
all
the
things
that
the
scientists
have
been
telling
us
for
four
decades:
floods,
fire,
drought,
windy:
these
are
all
photos
from
Ontario
the
last
couple
of
years.
We
can
see
it
in
the
insured
losses.
There
were
up
to
1.4
billion
dollars
last
year
in
insured
losses
from
extreme
weather.
H
Just
here
in
Ontario,
and
the
insurance
companies
put
out
a
report
in
March
where
they
said
for
every
billion
dollars
that
they're
spending
in
losses
from
catastrophic
weather.
Their
best
gases
of
the
broader
public
sector
includes
you,
guys,
is
losing
three
billion
dollars
in
damage
to
public
infrastructure
and
assets
they're
not
as
well
documented,
but
that's
their
best
guess.
H
H
The
Intergovernmental
Panel
on
Climate
Change
was
set
up
by
the
countries
of
the
world
30
years
ago
because
they
recognized
once
they
signed
the
treaty,
the
United
Nations
climate
convention
on
climate
change.
They
recognized
we've
got
a
big
problem,
but
they
didn't
know
how
big
they
wanted
to
have
reliable
science
that
everyone
in
the
world
could
trust
about.
What
exactly
is
happening
in
what's
ahead?
H
One
of
them
was
how
much
worse
is
1.5
degrees
than
two.
So
I
need
to
go
back
a
step
so
thirty
years
ago,
when
the
world
signed
the
treaty
about
climate
change,
it
had
to
have
a
target
and
the
the
agreement
and
the
treaty
was
we.
The
people
of
the
world
would
all
work
together
to
keep
global
heating
below
two
degrees.
Why
two
degrees,
because
the
best
science
we
had
in
the
1980s
was
that
we
get
past
two
degrees.
Things
are
gonna,
get
really
rough.
H
If
we
stay
below
two
degrees,
it
should
be
okay,
but
what
we
began
to
realize
as
the
decades
gone
by
that,
in
fact,
it
may
not
be
okay
if
we
stay
under
two
degrees,
so
the
scientists
of
the
world
were
asked.
How
much
worse
is
two
degrees
of
warming
than
1.5
degrees,
because
we're
almost
a
1.5?
How
much
worse
will
that
be?
H
The
second
report
is:
what
does
all
this
mean
for
land
and
food,
and
the
third
report
is
what
does
this
all
mean
for
the
oceans
and
for
what's
called
the
cryosphere,
which
is
everything
frozen?
So
we
got
those
three
reports
this
year,
the
first
one
a
year
ago,
almost
exactly
was
how
much
worse
is
two
degrees
in
1.5.
The
answer.
A
lot
large
widespread,
robust
differences,
including
heavy
precipitation,
extreme
heat,
drought,
sea
level
and
more
critically,
how
able
human
and
natural
systems
are
to
adapt
to
the
changes
at
1.5
degrees.
Most
systems
can
adapt.
H
H
The
climate
crisis
is
already
adversely
affecting
food
quality,
nutrient
value
of
food,
food
availability
and
security.
We've
got
really:
we've
got
high
risks
if
we
blow
past
1.5
degrees.
We've
got
very
my
risk.
If
we
blow
past
two
degrees,
things
like
a
less
stable
food
supply,
more
expensive,
rapid
declines
in
agricultural
productivity,
irreversible
damage
to
ecosystems,
more
wildfire,
more
conflict,
more
migration
and,
at
the
same
time,
real
opportunities
to
make
things
better
if
we
got
smart
right
away
and
the
same
thing
basically
for
the
oceans
and
the
cryosphere,
which
is
everything
frozen.
H
The
short
answer
is
that
everything
frozen
is
melting,
faster
and
faster
and
faster
than
anybody
thought
possible.
Even
when
the
fifth
assessment
report
came
out
in
2014,
which
is
only
five
years
ago,
the
coast
of
Alaska
was
ice-free
this
summer
last
year,
one
third
of
the
Bering
Sea
melted
in
a
in
eight
days
in
the
dark
when
the
Sun
was
down
and
hadn't
come
up
yet
for
the
spring,
we're
seeing
extraordinary
changes
that
nobody
thought
possible.
So
the
oceans
are
in
crisis.
H
We
have
heat
waves
on
land,
we
have
heat
waves
in
the
ocean
which
are
disrupting
everything
that
lives
there.
The
sea
level
is
rising,
faster
and
faster,
so
we're
expecting
higher
water
shortages,
big
flood
damage
and
lots
and
lots
of
people
on
the
move
and
they're
going
to
notice
that
here
we
have
a
pretty
good,
we
can
still
grow
food,
we'll
still
have
water,
we're
not
going
to
be
flooded.
We
can
expect
a
lot
more
people
trying
to
get
here.
Meanwhile,
so
we
have
that
whole
set
of
science
coming
out
about
the
climate.
H
We've
also
had
the
World
Health
Organization
come
out
with
major
reports
that
the
climate
crisis
is
now
the
biggest
threat
to
health
in
the
world,
and
not
only
that
that
the
health
damage
is
going
to
be
more
than
twice
as
much
as
it
would
cost
us
to
reduce
our
part.
Our
fossil
fuel
pollution
for
dollar
we
spend
now
will
avoid
$2
in
public
health
damage
again
during
the
lifetime
of
today's
children.
H
H
We
can
see
also
big
risks,
municipalities
own
and
operate
most
of
the
infrastructure
in
this
province
in
this
country.
So
we
have
an
expert
panel.
That's
looked
at.
Ok,
the
twin
next
20
years
are
pretty
much
locked
in
right.
It
takes
a
better
generation
between
today's
action
effect
how
the
weather
is
going
to
be
so.
The
weather
for
the
next
20
years
is
basically
already
locked
in
what
is
the
biggest
risk
Canada's
gonna
have
in
those
20
years.
H
According
to
the
expert
panel,
the
risk
of
catastrophic
damage
to
physical
infrastructure,
the
estimated
an
85%
chance,
and
what
do
they
mean
by
catastrophic
billions
of
dollars
in
annual
cost
just
in
the
next
20
years,
oh
yeah,
and
so
what
that
is.
That's
a
crane
that
fell
down
in
hurricane
durian,
which
was
in
early
September
and
I.
Was
there
last
week
and
that
crane
still
hadn't
been
moved,
the
street
was
still
closed.
The
people
in
the
building
next
door
was
still
out
of
their
homes.
The
people
in
the
businesses
were
still
out
of
their
homes.
H
H
We're
playing
with
the
biggest
stakes
there
are
the
special
rapporteur
to
the
United
Nations
Human
Rights
Council
reported
this
year
that
we
have
now
wasted
so
much
time
that
what's
the
best-case
scenario
during
the
lifetime
of
today's
children,
widespread
death
and
suffering
and
the
worst
case
humanity
at
the
brink
of
extinction,
there
aren't
any
bigger
stakes.
That's
what
we're
talking
about.
So
when
Greta
Thornburg
says
our
house
is
on
fire,
our
house
is
on
fire,
so
we
got
big
jobs.
To
do
I
mean
we
already
know
that
a
lot
more
change
is
unavoidable.
H
We
have
already
locked
in
and
other
generations
worth
of
change,
just
from
what
we've
emitted
already
and
so
there's
going
to
be
a
huge
challenge,
especially
for
you,
as
municipalities,
all
owning
an
operating
infrastructure
to
cope
with
the
challenges
that
are
coming.
What
the
science
tells
us
is
that
you
will
be
able
to
manage
that
if,
and
only
if,
we
drastically
dramatically
quickly
cut
our
emissions,
because
if
we
don't,
the
changes
are
not
going
to
be
manageable
and
human
and
natural
systems
are
going
to
start
collapsing.
So
that's
what
we're
at
now.
H
If
we
want
to
two
degree
world
which
we
know
would
be
much
less
stable
and
safe
than
today,
but
major
economic
damage,
but
still
survival
for
most,
you
know
fairly
recognizable,
then
we've
got
to
be
reducing
our
emissions
every
year
by
more
than
5%.
Starting
now
you
took
a
big
brave
stance
to
say:
you're
gonna
cut
your
emissions,
fifteen
percent
in
four
years,
you're
spending
a
lot
of
money,
you're
going
to
a
lot
of
trouble.
Your
staff
are
working
really
hard
on
it.
H
If
we
one
point
five
degree
world
remember,
because
we've
now
had
this
report
to
say
that
the
world
would
be
much
safer
Stabler.
If
we
could
stay
at
1.5
degrees,
then
we've
got
to
be
cutting
today's
emissions
in
half
by
2030
within
the
working
lifetime
of
today's
vehicles.
Today's
boilers,
only
a
few
terms
of
council,
cut
it
in
half
and
net
zero
by
2050.
These
are
hugely
difficult
things
to
achieve,
but
we
know
the
consequences
we
don't
do
them
are
going
to
be
enormous.
H
H
H
We
threw
that
away
after
we
knew
the
science,
because
we've
known
of
science,
the
basic
science
for
30
years,
and
during
that
time
we
have
doubled
the
climate
pollution
in
the
atmosphere,
but
it's
not
too
late
to
make
a
big
difference
in
what's
coming
we're
at
a
real
pivot
point
right
now,
and
so
our
choices
right
now
really
matter,
and
they
will
start
having
a
bigger
and
bigger
impact
when
they
have
kids
of
their
own.
So
that
takes
me
to
your
corporate
footprint
and
the
single
most
important
piece
of
advice.
H
H
Get
you
to
zero
if
you're
trying
to
be
based
on
the
science,
you
should
be
matching
Boston,
which
is
saying
that
they're
going
to
get
to
zero,
not
only
as
a
corporation
but
as
a
community
by
2050
there's
a
number
of
other
cities,
but
you've
got
to
set
your
targets
and
then
you
have
to
budget
to
them
and
why
I
don't
mean
just
budgeting.
The
money
I
mean
budgeting,
the
ignitions
counting
your
greenhouse
gas
emissions
reporting
the
public
staying
within
the
budget,
and
that
means
trade-offs.
H
That
means,
if
you
build
another
road,
you're
gonna
have
to
reduce
something
else,
even
more.
If
you
expand
your
Airport
you're
gonna
have
to
reduce
something
else,
even
more
because
it
isn't
a
question
of
getting
more
efficient.
The
total
we
emit
has
to
go
down
and
has
to
go
down
fast
or
we're.
Gonna
crash
into
the
physics
and
physics
does
not
care
what
we
want
and
physics
always
wins.
H
So
what's
your
direct
footprint
well
I
know
that
your
staff
is
been
doing
a
lot
of
work
figuring
this
out
at
least
on
some
of
your
areas.
Although
I
must
say,
I
didn't
see
in
any
of
your
reports,
anything
about
what
you
buy
or
what
you
do
with
your
investments
and
I
sure
didn't
see
anyone
flights
either,
but
there's
lots
of
examples
in
terms
of
Transportation
and
some
of
these
things.
You're
already
working
on
you've
got
lots
of
lists
of
things.
H
You're
already
working
on
I
mean
the
beam
lacking
the
big
framework,
but
at
least
you
do
have
a
lot
of
in
of
individual
things,
but
I
mean,
wouldn't
it
be
great
if
mr.
mayor
showed
up
at
a
public
meeting
with
or
without
the
chain
on
a
bike
who
would
like
to
see
that
and
city
staff
right.
Anybody
in
a
position
of
influence
and
power
sets
is
saying
something
by
how
they
get
places.
H
Electric
buses
are
important.
Electric
buses
have
are
hugely
important
for
public
health
as
well.
We
did
a
specific
analysis
of
where
is
the
best
intersection.
The
best
win/win
between
climate,
reducing
climate
pollution
and
improving
public
health
and
buses
are
the
thing
because
diesel
buses
exhaust
is
terrible
for
human
health
and
it's
right
where
people
are
breathing
and
there
is
a
technological
alternatives.
Anyway,
that's
another
big
thing
anyway:
there's
lots
of
other
things
that
you
can
do
about
transportation
and
a
lot
of
them
are
on
your
list
already.
H
Then
city
has
a
program
where
they
provide
funding
for
any
employee
wants
to
buy
an
electric
bike
if
they
live
too
far
or
don't
have
good
enough
health
to
bike
up
themselves
and
I
have
to
bike
up
a
big
hill
I've
night
and
I
hate
it,
but
so
they
have
an
e-bike
financing
program
for
staff
and
it's
being
oversubscribed
all
the
time
lots
of
things
you
can
do
about
that.
Then
there's
buildings
and
I
know
you've
done
lots
of
thinking
about
buildings
that
probably
I
don't
have
to
say
much
about
that.
H
H
If
the
sensors
are
so
cheap
and
if
you
go
into
a
room
and
the
light
goes
on
when
you
go
in
and
it
goes
off
when
you
leave
that's
telling
you
already
a
message
we
conserve
here,
we
care
about
what
we
use
and
yes,
electricity
is
pretty
clean
in
Ontario,
but
even
so
it
does
help
send
send
the
message
and
the
other
thing
that's
on
this
list-
that
I
just
want
to
explain
his
refrigerants
I
hope
that
you've
all
had
a
chance
to
look
at
drawdown
drawdown.
Org.
Do
you
know
about
it?
H
What
are
the
top
100
in
the
world
and
what's
number
one
don't
leak
anymore,
refrigerants
not
from
cars,
not
from
air
conditioned
systems
not
from
arenas,
because
refrigerants
are
powerful,
Climate,
Pollutants
and
they're
almost
always
man-made
chemicals,
that
there
is
no
system
to
get
back
out
of
the
atmosphere,
so
they
can
be
tens
of
thousands
of
time.
Worse
than
carbon
dioxide,
and
they
can
stay
in
the
atmosphere
for
very
long
periods
of
time,
so
the
simplest,
cheapest
fastest
thing
to
do
is
do
not
leak
any
more
refrigerants
and
that
is
technologically
totally
possible.
H
Oh,
yes
and
Raymond
also
put
it
on
their
landfill,
you
can
that's
their
landfill.
No,
that's
the
treatment
plant,
all
right,
Fayetteville
put
solar
on
their
water
treatment
plant
and
their
wastewater
treatment
plant,
and
they
did
it
with
a
partnership.
They
didn't
have
the
cash
to
put
up
to
build
it
all.
So
they
got
a
solar
builder
and
a
utility
and
in
exchange
for
signing
a
20-year
hour,
purchase
contract,
the
developer
put
up
the
money
and
you
guys
are
probably
going
to
need
power
in
20
years.
H
Probably
you
still
expect
to
turn
the
lights
on
in
20
years.
Ok,
so
it's
not
so
bad
to
sign
a
long-term
purchase,
contract
and
then
landfill,
Hickory,
Ridge
landfill
is
also
covered.
With
solar
panels.
Now
I
mean
you
can't
build
a
building
on
top
of
it.
It's
a
perfectly
good
place
to
get
Sun
lots
of
things.
H
You
can
do
in
your
operations
and
yes
call
out
meat,
because
when
you
look
at
the
interview,
the
carbon
footprint
of
the
average
Ontarian
of
half
of
the
carbon
footprint
of
the
average
interion
comes
from
driving
home
heating,
healing
leaky
homes
flying
and
eating
beef.
So,
if
you're
serving
beef
you're
sending
a
message,
don't
use
disposables
know
how
cold
how
hot
question
now
this
is
a
gender
war
I
recognize
that
I'm
wading
into
here
that
men
always
want
a
different
temperature
for
women.
H
How
many
women
here
are
cold
in
the
summer
and
need
to
need
to
put
on
all
subjects
or
layers,
because
the
men
have
turned
it
down
it
too
cold
right,
every
woman
I
know
has
had
this
experience
that
you
guys
are
gonna,
find
some
way
of
dressing
so
that
you
don't
need
it
chilled
to
freeze
your
temperature
in
the
summer
anyway.
It's
a
question.
The
whole
question
about
flights
flights
are
uniquely
harmful,
although
sometimes
they're
necessary
and
then
there's
the
whole
question
about
who
is
accountable.
H
If
no
one
is
accountable,
there
are
no
consequences
to
not
meeting
your
budgets.
Well,
then
stuff
tends
not
to
get
done,
and
so
you
folks
are
making
the
decisions
for
this
municipality.
Are
you
prepared
to
accept
personal
responsibility
for
your
carbon
budgets
and
for
getting
things
done
and
if
so,
how
are
you
going
to
do
it
and
then
there's
the
whole
question
of
the
of
investments.
H
The
bill
mckibben
wrote
a
really
good
article.
This
fall
that
money,
how
people
invest
their
money,
whether
it's
in
pension
funds,
any
other
kind
of
saved
money
that
is
driving
the
climate
crisis
and
in
Canada,
for
example,
the
big
banks
are
big
funders
of
fossil
fuel
expansion,
RBC
I,
think,
fifth,
worst
financial
institution
in
the
entire
world
in
terms
of
actively
financing
fossil
fuel
expansion.
That
is
completely
incompatible
with
the
Paris
target.
H
If
we
want
to
have
a
livable
world,
we
cannot
be
burning
that
fossil
fuels
and
they
keep
actively
funny,
and
so
what
you
do
with
your
money
really
matters.
Then
there's
the
question
of
the
community
footprint
and
you
have
some
data
on
this,
but
the
thing
I
wanted
to
show
you
is
that
the
number
one
is
transportation.
H
That's
not
really
a
surprise.
It's
the
same
thing
for
for
most
places
and
it
sure
is
hard
to
work
on
these
issues
when
the
province
won't
and
I.
I
think
you
all
know
that
until
June
of
2018,
the
Ontario
had
a
lot
to
be
proud
of
in
terms
of
climate
and
the
interior
government
was
leader
and
I
hope.
It
isn't
news
to
anybody
that
that
isn't
true
anymore.
H
H
Well,
if
we
don't
want
to
do
that,
then
that
means
everybody
else
who
can
lead
has
to
nobody
can
do
it
all,
but
everybody
can
do
something,
and
everyone
in
a
position
of
power
can
do
some
things.
So
three
big
things
that
municipalities
can
lead
by
there
are
the
things
you
control
and
you
control
some
of
those
things
because
you
own
them.
You
control
some
of
those
things.
Cuz
you
operate
them.
You
control
some
of
those
things
because
you
pass
them
by
laws,
tax
structure.
H
You
want
your
procurement
policies
and
the
investments
already
mentioned
what
you
do
with
your
sites.
You
can
also
do
a
lot
of
leading
by
who
you
collaborate
with
and
you've
got
great
partners
available
in
Kingston
you
got
universities,
you've
got
businesses
who
are
interested.
You've
got
some
of
the
large
government
institutions.
You've
got
some
real
potential
partners
to
work
with
even
the
churches.
I
met
with
the
Bishop
of
Kingston
was
that
my
talk
yesterday,
I
was
talking
about
how
interested
they
are
and
being
part
of
this
project.
H
There
are
lots
of
kinds
of
things
that
you
can
host
tool.
Libraries,
clothing,
exchange,
waste
exchanges,
b2b
dating
service-
might
take
some
explanation
so,
but
this
is
something
that's
been
identified
in
many
places
there
lots
of
businesses
have
it
something
to
sell
a
service
or
a
project,
and
lots
of
other
businesses
have
a
problem,
but
they
don't
know
how
to
find
each
other.
So
there
may
be
a
better
term
than
a
dating
service,
but
many
people
have
identified
small
businesses
need
help.
H
Finding
customers
and
small
business
is
the
one
who
reduced
their
own
footprint
need
help
finding
the
right
things
to
do
so.
That's
something
that
the
city
can
be
a
big
help,
not
because
you're
making
do
it,
but
you're
taking
obstacles
out
of
their
way.
You
making
it
easier
for
them
to
do
because
a
lot
of
these
people
know
most
of
them
have
kids
themselves.
H
They
want
to
do
things
same
thing
with
home
matching,
so
this
is
a
project
that
I
heard
about
in
the
United
States
that
one
of
the
cities
there
wanted
to
increase
urban
density,
but
without
having
to
build
a
lot
of
high-rises,
and
they
recognized
that
there
are
many
places
where
homes
that
were
built
for
three
or
four
or
five
people.
Maybe
there's
only
one
or
two
people
living
there
now,
maybe
a
widow
living
alone,
dad's
died
and
the
kids
have
moved
out.
H
They
would
be
glad
to
have
somebody
paying
rent,
but
they
don't
have
it
within
and
themselves
to.
You
know,
build
a
new
suite
and
find
a
tenant
and
deal
with
attendant.
All
this
is
just
too
complicated.
So
what
they
found,
though,
is
that
people
would
sign
up
to
have
tenants
if
somebody
would
make
it
easy
and
safe
and
that's
something
that
you
folks
can
do
and
make
it
easier
for
people
to
find
places
to
live.
Where
you
already
have
infrastructure.
C
H
Then
you're
also
reducing
social
isolation
and
providing
more
population
to
support
local
stores
and
that
kind
of
thing
and
then
joint
purchasing.
So
big
thing,
of
course,
is
just
leading
by
example.
I
asked
about
the
mayor
showing
up
on
his
bicycle
I,
look
forward
to
seeing
a
picture
of
that
someday
soon,
but
you
know
so.
This
is
a
church
they're,
sending
two
messages
with
those
solar
panels
right
because
they're
facing
the
street
people
look
and
see.
Are
you
walking
the
talk?
H
What
is
really
visible
and
you
guys
have
a
lot
of
opportunities
to
walk
the
talk
and
be
visible
doing
it?
Canadians
tend
to
be
really
shy
about
doing
something
good,
and
that
does
lots
of
bad
things.
So
most
people
feel
helpless
and
alone
and
they
think
no
one
else
is
doing
anything
in
the
person.
Next
thing
is
doing
something
but
isn't
talking
about
it.
Cuz
they're
a
little
bit
shy.
So
if
you
do
good
things,
make
them
obvious
help
other
people
make
they
are
good
things
obvious,
and
then
you
know
people
are
social
animals.
H
So
I
think
you
should
have
a
climate
lens
on
every
decision.
You
really
need
to
ask:
will
this
reduce
our
total
ghd's
in
the
same
way
you
ask
about
the
money?
Will
this
reduce
our
ghgs?
Will
it
help
us
meter?
Will
this
make
the
transition
to
a
low
economy,
carbon
economy
easier
or
not?
If
it
isn't,
then
you're
doing
real
harm
to
these
young
people,
people
living
today,
you
have
a
lot
of
advantages.
H
You're
already
on
the
way
you've
got
staff
who
are
interested
and
excited
you've
got
partners,
as
I
mentioned,
you've
got
your
own
integrated
utility.
This
is
a
tremendous
advantage.
Nobody
else
has
their
own
gas
utility,
which
is
integrated
with
their
electric
and
their
water
utility.
I
know
they
were
talking
about
the
storm
water
utility.
You've
got
a
very
highly
educated
population.
You've
got
both
urban
and
rural
areas,
which
should
give
you
some
advantages.
H
The
places
that
are
only
one
or
the
other
don't
have
you
got
the
international
network
you're
in,
but
still
transportation
is
number
one
just
to
say
it's
the
biggest
problem
for
everywhere
in
the
province.
It's
the
biggest
problem
here
and
we
know
that
Ontarians
drive
more
than
ever
before
and
you'll
be
glad
to
know
that
we
in
Canada,
who
in
the
world
drives
the
most
climate,
polluting
cars
in
the
entire
world,
hands
up.
It's
us,
it's
all
of
us,
Canadians
we're
number
one.
H
We
drive
them
in
air,
that's
dirty
from
tailpipe
emissions
so
who
breathes
near
the
dirty
busy
roads
well
as
everybody's
on
that
busy
road.
But
it's
also
where
our
elementary
schools
with
these
are
stats
from
Toronto
I,
don't
know
how
different
they
are
here.
Do
you
have
one
quarter
of
your
elementary
schools
on
busy
roads?
Do
you
have
half
of
your
long-term
care
homes
on
busy
roads
where
they're
breathing
the
dirtiest
air
in
the
city?
H
We
know
that
exhaust
from
tailpipe
emissions
has
enormous
impacts
on
public
health.
The
best
estimate
from
Health
Canada
is
about
7.3
billion
dollars
a
year
in
damage
from
gasoline
exhaust
and
roughly
the
same
for
diesel
exhaust,
but
and
slightly
fewer
deaths.
So
you're
talking
about
a
huge
economic
harm,
huge
harm
to
human
health
and
we
have
alternatives.
So
why
do
we
drive
so
much?
We
drive
so
much
because
the
way
we've
done
land
most
people
in
Ontario
live
in
suburbs
and
we
continue
to
build
them
faster
and
faster
and
faster.
H
Three
out
of
four
Ontarians
live
in
car
dependent
suburbs
where
they
have
to
drive
to
get
to
work.
They
have
to
drive
to
get
into
practically
everything
else.
They
want
to
do
and
you
folks
you're,
not
untrammeled,
but
you
have
a
very
important
rule
and
land-use
planning,
and
we
also
know
that
urban
sprawl
increases
tax
costs
damages
we're.
Wetlands
woodlands
destroys
farmland
that
we
need
to
grow.
Food
destroys,
and
we
know,
with
the
more
of
subdivisions
we
put
on
wetlands
woodlands
and
farmlands,
the
more
floods
and
droughts
we're
going
to
get
so.
H
Every
decision
matters
you
know
in
the
old
story
is:
if
you
need
to
get
out
of
a
hole.
The
very
first
thing
you
have
to
do
is
to
stop
digging
and
that's
what
we're
doing
we're
still
digging
the
hole,
deeper
I
think
it's
too
late
to
buy
or
build
or
approve
anything
else
that
uses
fossil
fuels
or
encourages
their
use.
It's
going
to
be
really
hard
to
cut
fossil
fuel
use
five
to
ten
percent
a
year.
It's
just
going
to
be
hard,
but
the
word
the
more
you
increase
it.
H
The
harder
is
going
to
be
so
you
know
all
this
stuff.
Your
planning
department
knows
this.
We
need
to
go
in
not
out.
We
need
to
make
zero
carbon
mobility
fast
and
safe.
I
did
want
to
tell
you
a
bit
of
a
story
about
Seville
Spain,
so
Seville,
it's
a
bigger
city
than
Kingston,
but
they
had
a
really
big
problem.
They
had
prosperity
or
better
people
buying
cars.
There
was
more
and
more
traffic
and
nobody
who
could
have
could
afford
it
wrote
a
bike
because
it
was
too
dangerous.
H
H
H
They
built
80
kilometers
of
bike
lanes
on
sidewalk
level,
so
they
weren't
at
the
same
level
as
the
road
they
were
so
cars
are,
you
know,
God
knows
when
I
ride
a
bike
in
Toronto
many
times
a
day,
somebody's
blocking
the
bike
lane.
They
just
think
they
own
they
own
the
road,
but
they
don't
very
often
drive
on
the
sidewalk.
H
So
having
the
bike
lanes
built
as
part
of
the
sidewalk
made
them
much
safer,
made
them
much
easier
to
identify,
they
painted
them
all
the
same
colors
that
people
could
find
them
and
of
course
the
thing
is
to
build
all
those
bike
lanes
because
they
needed
to
it.
Has
to
be
in
network,
you
have
to
be
able
to
get
where
you
want
to
go,
so
they
have
to
go
across
town,
not
just
in
a
few
little
corners,
and
so
they
took
out
5,000
parking
lot
spots.
H
Was
there
yelling
and
screaming?
Yes,
there
was
yelling
and
screaming,
but
because
they
got
so
much
but
done
in
18
months,
and
then
there
was
another
year
or
more
before
the
election,
but
the
time
the
election
came
around
people
had
got
used
to
their
bike
lanes.
Lots
of
people
bought
bikes,
people
tried
biking,
they
say
you
know.
This
is
pretty
good,
you
don't
have
to
pay
for
parking,
it's
good
exercise,
you
get
to
see
things
and
they
got
lots
and
lots
of
public
input
in
the.
How?
What
does
it
look
like?
H
Where
exactly
do
we
put
it?
People
like
to
have
input
in
the
how
once
the
decision
was
made
as
to
the
what
and
they
found
guess
what
it
was-
a
brilliant
investment,
because
they
would
normally
have
spent
32
million
euros
to
build
about
five
or
six
kilometers
of
road.
They
spent
800
million
euros
to
build
a
subway
which
only
provided
about
40,000
trips
a
day
and
for
32
million
euros.
They
had
created
70,000
trips
a
day
by
bicycle,
as
well
as
suddenly
being
an
additional
tourist
attraction.
I
H
Are
all
kinds
of
people
on
their
website?
You
can
see
the
pictures
of
people
in
suits
with
grey
hair
and
little
kids
and
pregnant
women,
and
just
everybody
going
around
their
business
on
the
bike
and
having
a
good
time
and
then,
when
the
government
changed
and
they
got
a
right-wing
government,
they
didn't
tear
out
the
bike
lanes.
The
big
complaint
of
the
right
wing
was
at
the
going
counsel,
hadn't
done
enough
to
keep
the
bike
lanes
in
good
repair.
H
H
Yeah
I
mean
one
thing
I,
just
because
you
in
some
of
the
US
states,
they've,
had
good
luck,
training,
prison
graduates
to
do
clean
energy
trades
because
there's
a
skills
shortage,
certainly
Co
digesting
organic
waste
was
sewage.
The
way
the
Stratford
is
preparing
to
do.
Take
the
methane,
maybe
use
it
for
transport
if
you
can't
buy
all
electric
buses
yet
well,
why
don't
you
use
your
poop
gas?
You
know
there
are
things
that
work
in
both
urban
and
rural
areas
and
I
know
that's
important
home
energy
audits
and
retrofits
are
one
of
the
big
ones.
H
People
in
rural
areas
often
have
older
houses
that
are
often
quite
expensive
to
heat
and
they
get
the
biggest
bang
for
the
buck
and
getting
Home
Energy
artists
and
lots
of
people
want
their
homes
more
efficient,
but
don't
know
how
to
go
about
it,
don't
know
who
to
trust
an
energy
concierge
just
to
make
it
easier
for
people.
My
daughter
had
this
experience.
She's
she's
an
absent-minded
professor
right.
She
could
be
if
she,
until
she
got
automatic
payment
for
her
electricity.
H
She
could
even
keep
the
lights
on
get
their
bills
paid
like
she
just
can't
cope
with
practical
stuff.
So
she
wanted
to
do
something
but
never
could
get
her
energy
together.
So
a
local
business
set
up
supported
by
the
municipality,
said:
okay,
listen!
Let
us
would
you
like
to
have
some
solar
if
it
makes
sense
for
you
and
if
we
organize
it,
she
said
sure.
So
they
came,
they
measured
her
house.
They
gave
her
a
proposal.
They
gave
her
all
the
forms
she
goes
up,
the
form
she
wrote
them
a
check.
H
She
is
solar
on
a
roof.
Now
lots
of
people
need
someone
to
make
it
easy,
they're
willing
to
do
it,
but
they
need
help
cooperatives
anyway,
lots
of
other
things
you
can
do.
Electric
school
buses
I
wanted
to
point
out
because
you're
already
paid
money
for
two
buses:
two
electric
buses
for
the
town
and
you're
already
paying
money.
Therefore,
for
charging
infrastructure
for
two
buses:
it's
pretty
expensive
to
pay
for
charging
infrastructure
just
for
two
buses,
so
maybe
you
could
have
a
cooperation
with
the
school
board.
H
There's
far
more
school
buses
in
Ontario
than
there
are
transit
buses
about
22
thousand
school
buses
for
7000
transit
buses
and
who
rides
the
school
buses,
the
kids
right
exactly
and
they
breathe
faster.
They
are
more
affected
by
pollution.
Their
health
is
more
at
risk
from
diesel
buses
than
anybody
else,
and
so
there's
a
real
opportunity
to
give
them
a
hands
up.
You
know
that's
as
well
as
making
the
city
quieter
and
maybe
get
more
bang
for
your
buck.
H
Out
of
your
charging
infrastructure,
lots
of
things
you
can
do
and
then
there's
specific
things
in
rural
areas
specifically
is
not
only
to
reduce
their
own
pollution,
but
also
to
provide
solutions
for
the
city.
One
of
the
things
you
have
I
know
when
I
was
here
last
I
talked
at
Kingston
utilities
was
talking
about
the
stormwater
utility.
As
we
know,
stormwater
contributes
to
flooding
and
there
is
I
wrote
a
whole
report
about
paying
for
what
we
need,
how
stormwater
needs
to
have
a
cost.
Well,
what
are
you
going
to
do
with
the
money?
H
One
of
the
very
cost-effective
things
to
do
with
the
money
is
to
provide
some
financial
support
to
rural
landowners
who
have
wetlands
and
a
prepared
to
provide
water
retention
on
their
property,
because,
right
now,
all
that
benefit
comes
to
the
downstream
people
and
all
the
cost
goes
to
the
property
owner.
So
when
you
have
the
incentives
out
of
balance,
you
lose
the
areas
that
the
city
needs.
Take.
Some
of
that
money
support
the
people
who
are
providing
your
protection.
Maybe
thank
them
out
loud
I
know
something
with
something
else.
H
Somebody
mentioned
to
me
last
time
is
here
was
why
don't
we
got
farmers
who
weekly
are
growing
green
beef,
not
greenish,
using
intensive
rotational
agriculture,
we're
not
using
for
confined
feeding
if
they
are
doing
something
good?
Could
we
recognize
that
for
people
who
want
to
eat
meat,
maybe
if
some
sort
of
a
municipal
recognition
program
would
work
lots
more
things
you
can
do
in
rural
areas.
There
is
going
to
be
a
tremendous
appetite
for
offsets.
H
The
carbon
pricing
federal
carbon
pricing
system
has
survived
the
election,
so
there
is
going
to
be
an
offset
market
for
the
large
industries.
You
could
be
helpful
in
helping
people
design
candidates
to
be
selling
into
that
offset
market.
It's
lots
of
design
issues
and
that
some
of
those
I
reported
on
already,
but
one
of
the
opportunities
can
be
to
plant
trees,
to
protect
woodland,
lots
of
opportunities
in
the
food
cycle
and
then,
of
course,
is
bike
tourism,
so
I
know.
That
means
always.
H
How
do
you
pay
for
it
all
for
sure,
and
that
is
an
issue
for
everybody
and,
yes,
you
got
to
start
by
recognizing
the
facts.
Having
a
future
is
gonna
cost
money.
We
got
where
we
are
by
putting
money
first,
we
are
not
gonna
get
out
of
it
by
putting
money
first
and
no
one's
gonna
do
it.
For
us,
no
one's
gonna
come
up
with
a
big
check.
People
always
wish
when
I
was
Commissioner
that
had
a
big
checkbook
somewhere
as
well
as
the
magic
one
in
the
crystal
ball.
H
Guess
what
they
didn't
give
me
any
of
those
things,
but
I
can
tell
you
that
nobody's
going
to
come
up
with
a
big
checkbook.
There
is
an
opportunity
with
a
minority
government
that
the
federal
government
may
be
prepared
to
sweeten
their
pot.
There
may
be
an
opportunity
for
me
to
school
incentives
right
now.
If
you
do
think
that
this
government
is
only
in
the
last
two
years,
I
would
say:
look
for
those
pots
quickly
and
take
advantage
of
them
while
they're
still
around
and
recognize.
H
Also
many
things
will
be
better
in
a
little
carbon
world,
but
if
we
get
this
wrong,
nothing
else
is
going
to
much
matter
anyway.
That
is
a
slide
that
the
private
economy
money
economy
at
rests
on
the
public
sector,
which
rests
in
turn
on
what
people
do
like
he's
a
little
this
a
love
economy
where
people
do
for
each
other
which
all
of
what
rests
on
the
natural
world.
If
we
destroy
that
foundation,
the
rest
of
its
not
going
to
continue
and
there's
many
co
benefits
to
reducing
our
reliance
on
fossil
fuels.
H
So
here
are
some
of
the
options
that
I've
seen
used
in
other
municipalities
and
I.
Don't
suppose
there's
anything
here
you
haven't
thought
of
already.
One
thing
is
yes:
generating
new
local
revenue,
yes,
charging
more
for
parking!
Yes,
thinking
about
road
pricing,
maybe
other
things
making
polluter
pay
part
of
land
use
cost.
So
that's
when
I
talk
about
stormwater.
H
If
you
allow
storm
water
to
go
off
your
land,
it's
creating
a
cost.
It
should
be
under
polluter
pay
basis,
development
standards,
reallocating
what
you
do
with
existing
assets
and
revenue,
and
this
is
not
stuff
that
there's
nothing
here.
That's
new
collaborating
with
major
other
major
players.
People
are
trying
to
do
similar
kinds
of
things
and
may
have
in
the
same
way
as
perhaps
buses,
school,
buses
and
city
buses
could
save
a
shared
charging
infrastructure,
maybe
other
kinds
of
things:
community
ownership.
What
I
have
been
phoning
finding
as
I
go
around
Ontario?
H
Is
lots
of
people
would
like
to
invest
in
the
green
economy
where
they
live.
They
would
like
to
be
part
of
a
solution
that
they
can
see
that
they'll
be
able
to
live,
and
they
don't
have
an
opportunity.
The
expert
panel
on
sustainable
finance
report
that
came
out
this
summer,
one
of
the
things
they
called
for,
was
opportunities
for
local
people
to
invest.
Maybe
you
can
help
with
that
work
with
a
local
bank.
Work
with
the
local
church
find
ways
that
everyday
people
can
invest.
So
the
renewable
energy
cooperatives
are
one
thing
to
do.
H
That
I
was
president
of
wind
shear.
We
owned
that
one
little
turbine
down
at
the
Exhibition
Place
in
Toronto,
one
turbine
anyway
in
mind.
There
are
the
federal
provincial
incentives.
There
is
an
opportunity
sometimes
for
philanthropy,
especially
when
you're
solving
other
problems
at
the
same
time,
and
then,
of
course,
is
the
fun
idea
of
suing
someone
for
climate
change
damages.
H
There
are
lots
of
other
cities
working
on
this
I
know.
You're
involved
in
some
of
the
other
networks
and
measuring
and
paying
attention
to
the
benefits
is
one
way
of
building
public
support.
People
want
to
see
how
what
you're
doing
is
going
to
not
just
avoid
a
crisis
later,
but
make
our
lives
better
now,
and
that's
one
of
the
reasons
why
the
bike
bike
infrastructure
is
so
powerful
people
can
use
it
right
away.
It
can
make
people's
lives
better
right
away.
H
Here's
some
of
the
things
that
have
been
done
to
pay
for
stuff.
I
mentioned
this
a
20
year
power
purchase
contract
in
Fayetteville,
and
then
the
Seville
got
set
up
a
public
bike
rental
system
with
the
first
half
hour
free
and
they
paid
for
that,
but
letting
this
advertising
company
put
in
a
batch
of
billboards.
Whether
that
was
a
good
idea
or
not
at
least
they
found
a
way
to
pay
for
it,
and
finally,
I
would
say
to
you
not
everything
costs
money.
H
If
you
think
back
a
bit
to
hazeled
love
economy,
people
do
lots
of
things,
and
only
some
of
them
are
for
money.
Sometimes
they
do
it
for
moral
leadership.
Sometimes
they
do
it
for
status.
Sometimes
they
do
it
just
because
they
get
thanked
for
it.
If
you
think
about
those
rural
landowners
who
are
keeping
the
wetlands
on
your
property
that
are
protecting
downtown
Kingston
from
flooding,
have
you
ever
written
them
a
letter
and
say?
Thank
you?
Is
there
a
plaque
they
can
put
on
their
mailbox
to
say
we're,
we're
wetland
protectors,
saying
thank!
H
You
goes
a
long
way
and
doesn't
get
used
nearly
as
much
so
who
would
like
to
have
some
hope
here?
Well,
this
is
the
only
formula
I
know
for
hope.
You
have
to
start
with
knowledge,
even
though
the
facts
are
grim
and
then
you
have
to
marry
it
to
action
with
other
people
and
that's
the
only
way
we're
going
to
have
hope.
So
no
one
can
do
everything
that
everyone
can
do
something
and
you
can
do
a
lot
and
I
hope
you
will.
Thank
you.
C
J
J
H
Option
yeah:
that's
what
I
do
I
buy
offsets
I
try
to
buy
really
good
quality
offsets.
I,
don't
buy
forestry
offsets,
because
when
I
studied
the
forestry
offsets
I
concluded
they
weren't
legit,
but
there
are
many
that
are
and
so
there's
a
real
opportunity.
Lots
of
people
would
like
to
buy
offsets
is
another
reason
why
I
think
Kingston
as
a
community.
You
could
think
about
partnering,
maybe
with
the
university
and
maybe
with
the
Federation
of
agriculture,
to
see.
Could
we
you
generate
good
quality
offsets
here,
that
that
would
be
legitimate.
J
H
Absolutely
it
is
and
I
thought
about
putting
on
a
bond
slide
and
decided
74th
lighters.
Already.
You
know
pushing
my
luck,
but
yes,
there
is
a
lot
of
interest
in
financial
markets
in
green
bonds.
There's
trillions
of
dollars
sloshing
around
the
the
economy,
looking
for
good
ways
to
make
make
money
and
contribute
to
the
green
economy.
So
definitely
there
is.
There
are
emerging
standards
for
it.
It
has
to
be
legit.
H
L
K
H
K
L
H
Harder,
the
and,
of
course,
when
you
say
taxes,
there's
all
sorts
of
things,
there's
been
quite
a
lot
of
evidence
that
having
cheap
parking
in
an
urban
centre
is
damaging
to
the
local
economy
and
that
you
would
make
more
money
by
making
the
parking
scarce
and
expensive.
So
there's
a
lot
of
different
ways
of
thinking
about
it,
but
I
mean
I,
don't
think,
there's
any
way
around.
This
is
going
to
cost
money.
We
have
we'd
love
to
have
the
choice,
as
you
said
before,
of
not
having
to
deal
with
this
and
I.
H
Don't
that's
just
not
real.
We
could
wait
and
suffer
the
damage,
and
the
best
estimate
is
that
that
would
cost
us
six
or
ten
times
as
much
as
spending
money
now
and
do
something
about
it.
So
the
money
is
going
to
have
to
be
raised
and
have
to
be
spent.
It's
not
what
people
would
choose
if
we
could
keep
dumping
our
carbon
pollution
is
the
atmosphere
without
consequences.
That's
what
we
would
do
it
just
isn't
true.
So.
K
K
K
M
Thank
you,
mayor
Paterson,
and
thank
you
for
your
presentation.
This
is
that
just
excellent,
and
certainly
as
a
councillor
that
represents
the
rural
community,
I
do
see
a
lot
of
opportunity
and
benefits
to
having
a
large
rural
area
for
our
municipality
and
I'm,
hoping
that
we
can
I
didn't
get
all
the
pictures
or
all
the
idea
there.
They
are
there
too,
so
I'm
hopeful
that
we
can
was
there
one
or
two
highlights
that
you
could
focus
or
remind
us
about
that
we
could
use.
You
mentioned
the
one
about
stormwater
or
wetlands.
H
I
was
so
I
did
a
special
report
on
paying
for
what
we
need.
It's
one
of
the
ones,
I've
reposted
all
my
reports
on
my
website,
because
they're
harder
to
find
now
on
the
government
website.
It's
called
paying
paying
for
what
we
need,
and
this
is
so
the
paying
for
stormwater
management
on
the
basis
of
the
stormwater
runoff
that
a
property
creates.
So
if
you've
got
a
big
parking
lot,
you're
creating
a
lot
of
contaminated
runoff,
you
should
pay
for
it
and
then
the
question
is:
what
do
you
do
with
the
money?
H
So
with
any
of
these
charges?
You've
got
two
questions.
One
is
where
do
you
get
the
money
from?
The
second
question
is:
what
do
you
do
with
the
money?
There
is,
in
my
experience,
a
real
appetite
for
engineers
to
take
the
money
and
spend
it
on
concrete,
and
there
are
some
important
things
you
need
to
do
with
concrete,
but
there's
often
a
better
bang
for
the
buck.
H
If
you
can
go
upstream
and
keep
the
water
there
so
there
are,
and
the
farmers
know
the
farmers
know
what
you
have
to
do
to
keep
water,
but
it
means
they
have
to
spend,
give
some
of
their
land
and
dedicate
it
to
water
holding
space
right.
So
that
costs
them
money
and
they
don't
get
any
financial
benefit
from
that
under
the
current
system
that
we
have,
but
the
city
gets
a
big
foot
Angell
benefit
by
not
flooding,
so
it
would
make
a
lot
of
sense
to
use
some
of
the
stormwater
money.
Hey.
H
M
That's
awful
definitely
want
to
think
about
that
and
see
what
we
can
do.
The
other
question
was
with
the
results
of
the
election,
and
we
mentioned
that
there
will
be
obviously
some
benefits
to
climate
change,
impacting
the
election
as
it
went
on
and
on
and
and
definitely
was,
is
there
some
low-hanging
fruit?
You
knew
right
away.
So
just
the
partnerships
is
this
the
time
to
ask
or
what
would
you
suggest?
How
would
we
as
a
municipality
proceed
now?
Would
there
be
something
that
you
would
think
that
we
would
do
right
away
is
just
start.
H
H
What
do
you
have
to
do
and
some
of
those
things
you
can
do
yourselves
and
some
of
those
things
are
going
to
need
capital,
so
I
would
start
with
that
and
I'm
sure
Peter
and
his
staff
have
gotten
a
number
of
ideas
and
then
look
at.
Where
do
you
get
the
best
bang
for
the
buck,
preferably
with
other
co
benefits?
H
So
some
of
that
is
things
like
you
know
we're
under
the
cap-and-trade
system,
some
of
the
money
went
to
social
housing
and
we
know
the
social,
housing
and
I
don't
know
the
specifics
in
Kingston,
but
generally
in
Ontario,
social
housing
was
thrown
up
cheap.
The
building's
leak,
the
HVAC
system,
stink,
they're,
cold
in
the
winter
they're
hot
in
the
summer,
they're
hard
to
repair,
and
so
you
have
a
real
adverse
impact
on
human
dignity
and
welfare,
and
you
have
buildings
that
are
very
expensive
to
operate
and
no
capital
affects
them.
H
So
putting
a
batch
of
money
into
fixing
those
building
envelopes
and
heating
systems
makes
a
big
difference.
So
there
were
two
high-rise
buildings
in
Sudbury
that
I
went
to
that
were
like
that,
just
old
crappy
buildings
and
they
got
$100,000
and
they
were
able
to
cut
their
heating
costs
in
half.
They
spent
all
of
that
money
at
small
businesses
in
Ontario
and
for
the
first
time
everyone
in
those
buildings
had
a
decent
temperature
all
winter.
H
So
if
you
look
for
those
kinds
of
win-win
opportunities
that
meet
multiple
social
objectives,
then
look
for
some
federal
money
for
that.
Those
are
the
kinds
of
things
that
politicians
of
every
level
like
to
cut
ribbons,
for
they
achieve
multiple
benefits
and
we
know
how
to
do
them.
We
don't
need
to
make
up
some
magical
fairy
dust.
We
know
what
to
do.
We
know
how
to
do
it.
It
has
real
impact
on
real
people's
lives
right
away.
M
N
Thank
you
for
the
presentation.
The
question
I
have
you.
It
came
up
near
the
end
in
the
presentation
I'm
curious,
though,
if
you
could
relate
the
the
impact
of
food
production
and
distribution
to
greenhouse
gas
emissions
and
where
we're
at
I
know
it
wasn't
on
the
graph
like
for
the
top
ones,
and
if
you,
if
you
have
examples
of
other
municipalities,
who've
who've
worked
to
change,
that
it's.
H
We
are
Canadians
among
the
most
wasteful
people
in
the
world
and
because
you
have
an
ER
land
or
urban
rural
and
urban
area.
Together,
you
have
an
opportunity
to
have
a
better
food
cycle
where
you
can
be
involved
directly
with
the
farmers
to
improve
soil
quality,
improve
soil
health
and
improve
how
the
food
is
grown.
You
can
have
impact
on
local
food.
H
What's
eating
and
moving
to
more
of
a
plant-based
diet,
you
can
have
an
impact
on
reducing
local
food
and
then,
if,
when
a
little
sorry,
reducing
local
ways,
food
waste
and
then
things
that
cannot
be
reduced,
feed
it
and
if
you
can't
feed
it
to
people
feed
it
to
animals,
you
can't
feed
it
to
animals
and
at
least
put
it
back
in
the
storm
and
it
put
it
back
into
the
circle.
You
have
the
opportunity
to
affect
the
whole
circle
and
we
have.
We
do
have
lots
of
resources.
H
I
think
Vancouver
is
working
on
some
stuff,
so
there
are.
There
definitely
are
a
number
of
examples
around
the
world
that
where
people
are
really
looking
at
food
is
too
valuable.
I
just
got
a
pitch
today,
actually
from
some
companies
in
Finland
who
have
some
technologies
for
this
as
well.
Lots
of
opportunities.
H
I
only
have
the
stats
I
showed
you,
which
is
what
the
insurance
companies
have
paid
out.
The
insurance
company,
the
insurance
Bureau
of
Canada,
has
publicly
stated
that
about
10%
for
Canadian
properties
will
soon
be
ineligible
for
private
sector
flood
insurance
at
any
price.
So
one
of
the
things
that
you
may
have
noticed-
well,
you
probably
didn't
need
to
notice,
but
in
the
very
fine
print
of
the
liberal
platform,
sort
of
midway
through
the
election
campaign
was
a
sentence
saying
that
they
were
going
to
do
something
about
people
who
can't
get
flood
insurance.
H
So
that
doesn't
answer
your
question
about
cost.
Although
we
know
the
cost
is
going
up,
and
we
know,
the
cost
of
reinsurance
is
also
going
up
because
of
the
number
of
disasters
around
the
world.
But
the
big
impact
is
not
so
much
the
cost
of
insurance.
It's
the
people
who
can't
get
it
anymore
and
also
we
see
more
and
more
poor
people
who
choose
not
to
buy
insurance
because
they
feel
it's
too
expensive
and
then,
when
they
have
a
disaster,
they're
in
the
hands
of
the
municipality,
cuz
they've
got
nowhere
else
to
go.
A
G
H
H
H
We
know
that
the
carbon
footprint,
the
material
footprint
in
compact
communities,
walkable
bikable
communities
where
everybody
lives
near
what
they
need,
or
at
least
stores
libraries
jobs-
are
all
walkable,
bikable
or,
if
need
be
in
transit,
then
people
don't
have
to
drive
and
they
can
save
a
lot
of
time
in
the
GTA.
It's
not
as
bad
here
in
Kingston,
but
in
the
Greater
Toronto
Area.
The
commutes
are
the
worst
in
North
America,
worse
than
New,
York,
worse
than
loss
and
and
getting
much
worse
and
the
urban
sprawl
is
going
to
make
it
much
worse.
H
We
know
you
can't
build
your
ways
out
of
it.
We
know
that
people
are
spending
hours
a
day
stuck
in
traffic.
This
does
not
make
your
life
better,
whereas
living
where
you
can
be
home
in
20
minutes
and
you
feel
better
when
you
get
there
because
you've
been
able
to
walk
or
bike.
So
it's
not
as
frustrating
as
sitting
in
traffic.
People
have
more
time
for
their
families.
It's
better
for
their
health.
We've
had
lots
of
information
from
the
public
health
people
about
how
movement
reduces
heart,
attacks
and
and
angina.
H
You
don't
get
as
many
traffic
accidents,
so
you've
got
a
lot
of
opportunities
to
have
a
better
life
if
you're
not
living
so
far
away
in
a
low-density
subdivision,
and
those
choices
are
determined
primarily
by
land
use.
So
we
do
have
a
lot
of
people
here.
We
have
a
lot
of
more
people
coming.
We
can
just
from
the
climate
migration.
H
More
people
are
going
to
be
wanting
to
come
here,
so
we
need
to
have
places
for
people
to
live,
and
somehow
we
have
to
do
that
without
expanding
the
urban
boundary
and
without
making
the
places
that
people
live
already
unpleasant.
We
need
to
protect
the
agricultural
land
to
actually
grow
food.
We
need
to
keep
the
people
get
places
for
people
to
live
in
the
urban
area,
and
sometimes
that
means
gentle
density.
Sometimes
it's
going
to
mean
high
rises
or
medium
Rises.
H
There's
lots
of
interest
lots
of
people
interested
in
living
in
those
missing
middle
kinds
of
homes
if
they
were
available,
they're
often
hard
to
build,
and
one
of
the
questions
often
is
approvals.
I
hear
this
constantly
from
developers
that
they
would
build
mid
rise,
but
it
costs
as
much
to
get
a
municipal
approval
for
mid
rise
as
it
does
for
high
rise
and
they
make
more
money
in
irise,
so
they
build
high
rise.
O
H
Lots
of
people
are
doing
good
things.
Toronto
has
seen
some
real
reductions,
big
reductions
again,
not
not
nearly
enough.
The
king
street
pilots
been
just
a
fabulous
success
against
something
that's
inexpensive
and
fast
and
has
made
a
huge
difference
in
mobility,
but
no
I
wouldn't
say
there's
any
one
that
stands
out
as
being
good
at
everything.
What
I
see
is
lots
and
lots
of
examples.
H
One
of
examples,
I
imagined
earlier
today,
was
+,
evil,
Quebec
population
6000,
so
they
managed
to
get
some
budget
from
Council
and
they
bought
to
count
them
to
electric
vehicles.
I
think
that's
the
town
fleet
is
they
have
two
cars
and
that's
great.
So
the
staff
was
driving
around
in
these
two
cars
and
then
they
realize
those
cars
are
just
parked
nights
and
weekends,
and
so
they
put
in
a
couple
of
extra
electric
charging
places.
H
And
now
anybody
in
the
town
can
rent
those
electric
vehicles,
nights
and
weekends
which
brings
in
some
income
back
to
the
town
as
allowed
it's
much
cheaper
for
people
than
driving
a
gas
vehicle.
Even
if
you're
only
paying
the
gas
people
get
to
show
off
at
the
driving
electric
vehicle.
People
who
drive
electric
vehicle
usually
don't
want
to
go
back
to
driving
something
else,
because
it
has
more
torque
and
is
more
fun
and
is
quieter
and
doesn't
vibrate
and
so
they've
been
able
to
reduce
the
whole
community
pollution.
H
C
P
You
probably
know
that
we're
building
a
new
bridge
in
Hixton
and
staff
decided
to
change
the
method
that
they're
gonna,
build
it
with
from
a
pontoon
technique
to
a
pseudo
causeway
technique
requiring
a
lot
of
rock
to
be
transported
in
and
that
rock
is
gonna
have
to
stay
there
and
so
forth,
and
a
lot
of
vehicles
are
gonna
have
to
be
used
to
bring
that
rock
in
so
I'm
just
wondering
is
you
may
be
able
to
comment
on
the
environmental
responsibility
that
was
involved
with
that
change?
We
were
told
a
poet
meeting
a.
P
H
This
question:
if
I
understood
it
was
do
I,
have
a
comment
on
method.
A
or
method
B
of
building
a
bridge
is
that
right,
okay,
so
you've
got
the
wrong
Sachs.
Here
my
daughter
is
a
professor
of
sustainable
infrastructure.
She
knows
all
there
is
to
know
about
building
bridges,
but
I
guess
what
I
would
say
is
this:
there
are
big
carbon
consequences
to
building
a
bridge,
adding
more
roads,
encouraging
more
allowing
more
sprawl.
If
that
decisions
made
already
you've
already
committed
to
things.
They're
gonna
make
things
worse
in
some
way.
H
Now
the
question
is:
what's
the
environmental
impact
of
the
way
you
build
the
bridge,
and
some
of
that
is
a
choice
of
construction
methods.
Some
of
that
is
a
choice
of
what
materials
do
you
buy,
so
concrete
is
not
concrete.
I
mean
it's
no
concrete
it's
company,
but
concrete
does
not
have
this?
Not
all
concrete
has
the
same
carbon
footprint.
H
So,
for
example,
there
is
a
Canadian
innovator,
called
carbon
cure
just
outside
Halifax,
which
has
patented
and
demonstrated
a
method
of
strengthening
concrete
by
capturing
carbon
dioxide,
so
it
makes
it
much
less
climate
damaging
does
provide
some
good.
So
if
you
are
buying
materials
for
a
bridge,
a
lot
of
the
impact
depends
on
what
your
specifications
are
when
you
buy
it,
and
that's
as
much
as
I
know
about
building
bridges.
K
L
After
that
Sachs,
thank
you
very
much
for
your
presentation.
I
have
any
interest
in
cycling
and
in
particular,
cycling,
tourism
and
I.
See
Kingston
is
ideally
situated
for
that,
both
South
to
this.
Yet
to
the
south
right
right
to
the
north,
east
and
west.
We
have
communities
that
could
be
connected
to
have
a
real
impact.
Can
you
talk
a
little
bit
about
the
economic
benefits
of
cycling
tourism?
L
H
I
didn't
study
that
myself
as
commissioner,
but
certainly
lots
of
people
like
to
bike
I.
Can
my
daughter,
the
professor
of
sustainable
infrastructure,
has
spent
two
months
once
and
going
from
Saskatchewan
to
Vancouver
and
once
on
on
the
East
Coast
cycling
around
for
a
month
with
her
husband
and
they
had
an
absolutely
fabulous
time
and
if
I
ever
had
a
month
off,
I
suppose
I.
H
Consider
such
a
thing
I
think
that
there
are
lots
of
people
who
would
like
to
try
it
and,
as
we
do
more
cycling
in
the
city,
people
get
more
used
to
it.
They
have
the
leg
muscles
and
would
be
more
interested
and
you
can
you
can
experience
a
place,
a
lot
better.
If
you're
cycling,
you
can
stop
where
you
want.
You
can
look
around.
You
can
smell
things.
You
can
meet
people
so
I
think
there's
a
lot
of
interest
in
it.
H
I
certainly
get
catalogs
full
of
very
expensive
bike
tour
offerings
all
the
time
all
around
the
world,
but
I
don't
get
a
lot
in
Canada
and
I
know
we
have
beautiful
places.
We
have
rolling
countryside,
which
would
be
hopefully
good
and
not
horrible
to
cycle
over
so
I
think
there's
a
tremendous
opportunity.
H
It's
also
a
really
good
match
for
local
food,
because
people
who
like
to
do
by
tourism
often
like
to
then
you
know,
use
up
a
lot
of
calories
and
then
eat
those
calories
in
very
fine
ways
and
so
to
the
especially
because
the
Kingston
area
does
have
a
lot
of
you
know
really
outstanding
food
producers.
You
would
have
a
match
made
in
heaven,
I
think
to
attract
people.
A
beautiful,
safe
place
to
cycle
has
to
be
safe
and
then
lots
of
really
good
things
to
eat.
I
think
would
be
good.
A
good
combination.
Q
H
We
have
seen
mixed
results
in
private
businesses
with
the
idea
of
personal
financial
incentives.
Sometimes
you
do
get
more
attention.
Sometimes
you
just
sort
of
contaminate
what
people
are
working
for.
So
maybe
that's
not
the
right
answer,
but
I
do
think
there
needs
to
be
accountability.
If
you
think
about
I,
don't
know
occupational
health
and
safety.
There
is
someone
who
is
on
the
carpet.
If
someone
dies
in
every
big
company
there
has
to
be
someone
who
is
responsible.
If
there
is
no
one
with
personal
responsibility,
it
doesn't
get
done.
H
Well,
we've
seen
this
since
the
1980s
and
the
studies
on
what
led
to
coal
mine
safety,
there
has
to
be
someone
in
charge
who
is
accountable
and
that
person
has
to
have
the
power
to
make
the
decisions
that
affect
the
things
they're
responsible
for
and
I
would
expect
the
same
thing
to
be
true
in
any
organization.
If
you
want
a
specific
result
and
it's
important
and
difficult,
someone
has
passed
to
have
the
power
to
do
it
and
has
to
be
accountable
for
results
and,
of
course
it
has
to
be
fair
right.
H
I
mean
the
thought
you
have
to
try
the
results
to
what
the
person
really
can
do,
but
there
are
a
lot
of
things
you
can
do.
None
of
this
is
entirely
within
your
control,
but
I
think
it
would
make
sense
to
have
someone
who
is
responsible
to
the
members
of
the
public
can
look
to
and
say
what
are
you
doing
about
this?
Why
are
you
not
getting
these
results
or
congratulations?
You
got
that
result.
I,
think
that
would
make
a
difference.
H
R
R
R
H
There
is
much
more
awareness
now
than
there
was
when
I
started
as
commissioner.
There
are
lots
of
people
who
would
like
to
do
something
still
most
people
don't
seem
to
know
what
to
do.
Many
people
don't
think
it
matters
to
them
yet
I
think
they're,
just
a
disaster
or
two
away
from
understanding
that
it
matters
to
them.
But
what
I
do
see
is
that
young
people
are
scared,
really
scared,
and
justifiably
so,
and
we
had
a
really
interesting
piece
of
research
that
Katharine
Hayhoe
tweeted
about
that.
H
If
anything,
I
mean
isn't
that
the
most
powerful
thing
in
the
world
is
a
love
of
a
mother
for
her
children,
a
parent
further
for
their
children,
and
if,
if
that's,
what's
going
to
take
to
drag
us
into
a
better
direction,
you
know
power
to
the
children,
and
we
should
all
here's
another
thing.
I
think
we
should
all
be
out
there
with
the
kids.
H
It's
this
in
Belgium
lived
in
some
really
effective
marches,
grandparents
and
grandchildren,
walking
together
the
grandparents,
older,
the
kids
and
generally,
the
grandparents
are
glad
to
have
some
time
with
the
kids.
They
need
our
support.
They
need
to
see
us
standing
beside
them.
They
need
to
know
that
we're
listening.
S
Thank
you
actually,
a
quick
question
just
for
examples,
because
transportation
is
a
big
piece
of
this
and
we're
seeing
emerging
technologies
like
hoverboards
and
scooters
and
electric
kind
of
bikes,
but
they're,
also
governed
under
the
Ontario
Highway,
Traffic,
Act
I,
believe
so
just
between
governments.
Could
you
give
examples
in
Ontario
in
Canada
of
just
these
new
technologies
being
integrated
out
of
municipal
level,
I.
H
G
H
So,
interestingly
enough,
when
I
first
became
a
full-fledged
lawyer
with
the
provincial
government,
which
was
many
decades
ago,
I
was
dealing
with
a
problem
very
much
like
that,
which
was
the
definitions
in
the
Highway
Traffic
Act
and
how
they
can
flicked
with
all
kinds
of
other
innovations
and
possibilities.
So,
yes,
that
is
definitely
still
an
issue
and
as
I
say,
we
have
a
provincial
government
at
the
moment.
Who
is
not
our
friend
on
these
things,
however,
there
are
some
things
that
the
city
can
do
with
your
Biol
up
hours.
H
There
are
certainly
some
things
you
can
do
in
terms
of
what
you
do
and
do
not
choose
to
enforce
on
municipal
roads
and
there's
the
opportunity
to
ask
the
provincial
government
for
legislative
changes,
ideally
through
a
MoU.
The
association
municipalities
of
Ontario
has
a
big
voice
with
the
provincial
government,
and
so,
if
you
were
asking
for
something
that
didn't
conflict
with
any
of
their,
you
know
key
lines
in
the
sand
and
you
have
an
answer
to
some
of
their
concerns.
There's
a
lot
of
concerns
about.
Well,
you
get
all
these
other
people
on
the
road.
H
What
do
you
do
about
liability
and
is
it
going
to
be
the
accidents
worse
and
so,
if
you're,
thinking
about
that,
you'd
want
to
talk
to
the
police,
for
example,
who
deal
with
traffic
accidents
all
the
time
and
and
and
the
insurance
people
and
see
if
you
can
come
up
with
a
solution,
is
to
to
accommodate
these
other
forms
on
the
road
electric
scooters,
for
example:
big
issue:
should
they
be
on
the
road?
Should
they
be
on
the
sidewalk?
Where
do
you
park
them?
How
do
you
not
trip
over
them?
Do
they
need
helmets?
H
You
know
what
do
you?
How
are
we
going
to
allow
these
things
in
a
way
that
makes
the
public
welfare
better,
not
worse,
we're
right!
For
that
conversation,
we're
right
for
leadership
on
that.
I
mean
I,
know
that
this
council's
got
many
things
to
do,
and
mr.
mayor
has
got
many
things
to
do.
But
again,
maybe
you
can
find
a
local
partner,
maybe
a
university,
maybe
a
university
and
sustainability
Kingston
would
be
prepared
to
take
on,
or
maybe
some
of
these
people.
This
group,
you
just
disbanded.
How
do
we
make
these
personal
mobility
devices
work?
H
T
T
All
the
time
and
I
often
find
myself
thinking
about
who's,
not
here
and
oh
sorry,
I
find
myself
thinking
about
who's,
not
in
the
room,
who's,
not
attending
these
kinds
of
events
and
there's
a
lot
of
communities
in
Kingston
that
are
the
automobile
oriented,
dependent,
sprawling
communities
where
a
lot
of
the
population
lives
and
so
I
guess.
My
question,
for
you
is
what
advice
do
you
have
for
City
Council,
many
members
of
which
represent
these
kinds
of
communities
that
are
very
car,
dependent?
H
Well,
I
mean
it's
back
to
no
magic
wand,
but
lots
I
mean
one
thing:
I
would
say
is
give
people
options.
You
know
I
know
you've
seen
great
uptake
in
public
transit
when
you
improve
the
transit,
more
people
took
it.
Seville
showed.
If
you
dramatically
improve
your
bike
infrastructure
people
will
use
it.
So
when
you're
deciding
how
to
spend
your
money,
spend
it
on
those
things,
spend
it
on
the
infrastructure
that
makes
it
safer,
more
convenient
easier
to
do
those
things,
and
then
you
know
think
about
what's
getting
in
those
people's
way.
H
H
There
are
some
communities
for
whom
the
cost
of
a
bicycle
is
a
real
obstacle.
So
in
Toronto,
for
example,
there's
the
program
where
they
collect
also
two
bits
and
pieces
of
broken
bikes,
and
you
can
come
and
learn
how
to
build
a
bike
yourself
and
look
after
it
from
the
bits
and
then
it's
yours
so,
depending
on
what
the
obstacle
is
before
we
try
to
make
people
do
things.
Our
first
thing
is:
let
them
do
things
and
often
we
don't
do
that.
It's
safety
is
huge.
The
biggest
thing
we
can
do
is
make
safe
options.
U
Thank
you.
Thanks
for
the
presentation,
my
question
kind
of
revolves
around
lots
of
different
groups
working
together
and
more
particularly
kind
of
private
and
and
government
collaborations,
so
that
you
kind
of
get
the
best
of
both
worlds,
giving
examples
that
that
you've
seen
that
have
worked
well
in
a
public
and
private
partnership.
Oh.
H
There's
lots
of
examples
of
that.
The
in
fact,
probably
many
of
the
solutions
can
only
come
that
way.
The
one
of
the
examples
I
mentioned
earlier
was
the
this
town
in
Arkansas
who
wanted
solar
and
didn't
have
the
money,
and
so
they
made
they
made
a
three-way
deal
with
the
utility
that
was
going
to
operate
the
solar
with
the
funder,
who
was
going
to
give
the
money
in
exchange
for
the
20
year,
contract
and
themselves,
who
provided
the
land
at
their
sewage
treatment
plant
and
the
demand
for
the
power.
H
I'm
not
immediately
coming
up
with
some
of
the
examples.
I
know,
I
heard
some
of
them
in
Boston
that
where
there
have
been
opportunities
for
the
active
academy
to
provide
research
and
ideas
and
innovation
and
opportunities
for
a
private
capital
to
funded
an
opportunity
of
the
municipality
to
deploy,
it
I'm
not
immediately
coming
up
with
a
better
example.
But
yes,
there's
lots
of
them.
V
Mine
are
very
practical
observations.
One
nice
sit
on
the
board
of
directors
of
a
condominium
corporation
and
we're
just
starting
our
budget
analysis
for
the
year
and
we've
been
told
to
expect
our
insurance
rates
go
up
30%
because
of
the
flooding
in
the
this
past
year.
So
it's
affecting
us
big-time.
My
question
is
simplistic.
Maybe
everybody
else
in
the
world
knows
how
to
buy
offsets
like
if
I
book
a
flight.
Nobody
asked
me
if
I
want
to
buy
an
offset
right.
H
That's
a
very
good
question:
some
of
the
airline's
do
give
you
an
offset
option.
There
VIX
value
places
like
carbon
zero,
the
sell
offsets
and
many
of
which
are
either
there
are
of
good
quality.
So
if
you,
if
you
you
could
just
start
there
go
to
carbon
zero
look
at
their
projects,
pick
one
that
you
like
buy
it.
We
do
need
better
recognition
of
different
levels
of
offsets,
but
for
now
any
offsets
sold
by
one
of
the
decent
registrar's
is
going
to
be
better
than
nothing.
I.