►
Description
Erika MacKellar, Dan Thatcher, and Austin Reid of NCSL and Mike Griffith of the Learning Policy Institute provide an update on state revenue, state education budgets, and federal aid during the pandemic. June 23, 2020.
A
Welcome
everyone
to
today's
virtual
meeting
focused
on
education
issues
with
regard
to
the
pandemic.
This
is
our
last
week
in
our
series
of
meetings,
so
we
welcome
you
and
thank
you
for
joining
us.
Today.
We
are
going
to
be
doing
an
update
on
the
state
revenue
and
state
education
budgets
in
federal
aid.
A
So
we
can
see
your
face
and
it
feels
a
little
bit
more
like
an
in-person
meeting,
please
be
sure
to
add
your
full
name
to
your
tile
and
you
can
do
that
by
clicking
on
the
three
dots
in
your
upper
right
hand
corner.
Please
add
your
name
and
your
state
also
or
your
organization.
If
you
would,
this
helps
us
keep
track
of
who's
joining
us
today
and
also
helps
to
make
sure
we
have
a
secure
setting
be
sure
to
meet
your
audio
unless
you
are
speaking
and
feel
free
to
virtually
raise
your
hand.
A
So
as
we
get
started,
we're
gonna
do
a
little
bit
of
chatter
in
the
chat
box.
We'd
love
to
know
from
you,
first
of
all,
which
state
you're
from
and
what
is
your
state's
anticipated
revenue
decline
as
a
result
of
the
pandemic?
Any
information
you
have
for
us.
It's
helpful
for
us
as
ncsl
staff
to
track
that
information
and
we'd
also
left
for
you
just
share
with
others
who
are
participating
in
the
meeting.
A
A
So,
while
you're
doing
that,
I
am
I'm
going
to
get
started
and
introduce
today's
speakers.
We
have
four
amazing
experts,
an
embarrassment
of
riches,
really
the
expertise
at
NCSL
and
in
a
partnership
with
the
learning
policy
institute
on
state
and
federal
budget
issues.
Erica
McKellar
is
in
our
fiscal
affairs
program
and
she
keeps
track
of
state
budgets
in
state
revenue,
dam
vouchers
in
her
education
program,
and
he
is
our
education.
Finance
expert,
Mike
Griffith
is
at
the
Learning
Policy
Institute
and
Mike
is
also
an
education.
A
So
just
a
review
of
the
agenda
for
today.
First
of
all,
we'll
hear
from
Erica
she's
going
to
speak
to
the
current
state
of
state
budgets
and
what
we
know
about
the
revenue
shortfalls.
We
will
take
a
few
questions
and
then
we'll
get
into
the
impact
on
education,
budgets
again,
take
a
few
questions
and
then
we'll
and
our
discussion
with
an
update
on
federal
education
aid.
Him
again
take
a
few
questions
from
you
and
then,
at
the
end
of
the
meeting,
I'll
preview,
a
really
exciting
opportunity
that
we
have
on
Friday.
A
B
B
Okay,
well,
thank
you
guys
for
having
me,
as
Michelle
mentioned,
I'm
Erica,
Mikkeller
and
I'm
in
our
fiscal
affairs
program
here
at
NZSL.
If
you
were
on
a
previous
education
committee,
call
that
I
talked
about
state
budgets
on
I
apologize.
If
some
of
this
information
is
repetitive
but
I
hope
that
there
is
some
new
information
that
will
be
useful
for
you
as
well.
B
Every
state
is
getting
hit
hard
by
the
pandemic
and
the
economic
crisis
that
we're
facing
you
know
states
that
rely
heavily
on
income
taxes.
The
unemployment
rate
has
affected
their
revenues.
Many
states
delayed
their
tax
filings
to
July
15th,
which
has
pushed
funding.
They
would
have
had
in
fiscal
year
2020
into
fiscal
year
2021.
So
that's
creating
some
cash
flow
issues
for
those
states
and
so
they're.
Seeing
a
significant
impact
states
that
rely
heavily
on
sales.
Taxes
are
obviously
seen
immediate
impact.
B
You
know
a
lot
of
retail
was
essentially
shut
down
for
a
couple
of
months
and
the
things
that
that
folks
were
by
and
like
groceries
are
lower
the
tax-exempt
in
many
states
online
sales
taxes
have
have
helped
states
have
been
able
to
collect
those,
so
that
has
been
helpful
and
there's
some
evidence
that
there
is
some
pent
up
demand
for
goods
and
services.
Those
states
start
to
reopen
their
economies,
so
there's
some
hope
that
sales
tax
figures
might
be
a
little
better
than
anticipated,
but
certainly
is
still
going
to
be
significantly
impacted.
B
The
states
that
are
probably
going
to
be
the
hardest
hit
and
based
on
prolonged
challenges,
states
that
are
reliant
on
severance
taxes
like
Wyoming,
North,
Dakota
and
New
Mexico,
are
facing
a
lot
of
challenges
right
now,
oil
prices
have
rebounded
some
as
people
start
to
plan
their
summer.
Road
trips
and
people
go
back
to
work,
but
they're
still
lower
than
many
states
had
budgeted
for
creating
some
some
challenges.
There
states
that
rely
heavily
on
tourism,
like
Hawaii
and
Nevada
I,
think
face
some
pro
lying
challenges.
B
So
we
don't
ESL
are
working
to
track
state
revenue
projections,
we're
tracking
this
on
her
website,
and
this
map
is
accompanied
by
a
table
on
our
website
where
you
can
see
both
fiscal
year
2020
and
fiscal
year,
2021
revenue
projection
declines,
as
you
can
see,
there's
there's
a
lot
of
red
here.
Unofficially,
you
know
we're
kind
of
hearing
that
states
are
preparing
for
a
15
to
25
percent,
to
have
twenty
fifteen
to
twenty
five
percent
level,
less
revenue
than
they
had
anticipated,
which
is
a
huge
staggering
number
and
could
lead
to
significant
cuts.
B
As
you
go
to
our
website,
you
can.
Each
of
these
is
linked
to
the
individual
report
where
we
pulled
this
information
from
and
I
would
encourage
you
to
kind
of
dig
into
those
individually.
If
you
want
to
do
some
comparisons
because
they
don't
all
use
the
same
assumptions
and
they
may
not
be
comparing
to
the
same
time
period,
you
estimate
so
use
some
caution
when
you're,
when
you're
making
comparisons
with
this
data,
but
I
do
think
it
provides
a
nice
overall
look.
You
know
the
the
drastic
fiscal
picture
that
states
are
facing.
B
B
As
we
know,
demand
for
social
service
programs
also
increases
during
times
of
economic
downturns.
So
you
know
we
see
more
folks
eligible
for
Medicaid.
You
know
the
unemployment
rate,
it
was
13.3%
in
May
and
we
don't
know
when
those
jobs
will
return
so
Steve,
but
just
really
gets
squeezed
at
both
ends
during
times
of
economic
downturns.
B
So
another
question
that
we're
getting
a
lot
right
now
is
how
states
are
going
to
balance
their
budgets.
There's
a
lot
of
unknown
still
out
there
right
now,
we're
still
seeing
a
lot
of
states
right
now,
just
sort
of
directing
agencies
to
prepare
for
prepare
for
cuts.
You
know
Georgia
asked
agencies
to
prepare
for
14
percent
cuts,
Utah
provided
us
agencies
to
provide
some
different
scenarios,
and
so
far
we've
seen
those
kind
of
working
in
increments
Georgia
ended
up
asking
agencies
to
cut
by
11%
instead
of
14%.
B
After
some
revised
estimates,
Utah
last
week
was
able
to
balance
their
budget
without
sort
of
these
drastic
scenarios,
but
we're
still
seeing
states
ask
agencies
to
kind
of
prepare
for
some
various
revenue
scenarios.
The
state's
kind
of
are
still
unsure
about
what
the
revenue
picture
is.
Gonna,
look
like
spending
freezes
for
the
remainder
of
fiscal
year,
2020
have
been
implemented
in
a
lot
of
states
were
also
seeing
States
implement
furloughs
for
state
workers
and
then
I
think
down.
B
The
road
is,
when
we'll
start
to
see
right
right
now,
we're
seeing
a
lot
of
across-the-board
cuts
and
I
think
down.
The
road
is,
when
we'll
start
to
see
some
more
targeted
cuts
and
I'm.
You
know
we
know
from
past
recessions.
Higher
education
tends
to
be
one
of
those
areas
that
can
be
cut
first,
and
so
we
may
see
that
happen
again,
depending
on
how
the
economy
rebounds.
B
Other
ways
that
states
are
may
balance
their
budgets.
You
know
revenue
increases
or
another
way
they
can
I.
Don't
think
we'll
see
a
lot
of
that
this
year
for
a
couple
of
reasons,
one,
it
tends
not
to
be
the
first
way
that
states
balance
their
budget
during
during
times
of
economic
downturns,
but
two
it's
also
an
election
year.
B
So
we
tend
not
to
see
a
lot
of
revenue
increases
during
election
years,
but
I
think
this
is
a
tool
that
states
could
reach
for
next
year
if
these
trends
continue
other
methods
that
we've
seen
states
use
during
past
recessions,
you
know,
broadening
the
tax
base
has
been
one
way
that
states
have
closed
revenue
shortfalls,
implementing
temporary
tax
increases,
temporary
taxes
on
high-income
earners
and,
of
course,
tapping
state
rainy
day
funds.
There
are
some
other
options:
states
might
reach
for
this
time
around
that
weren't
really
available
during
the
last
recession.
B
There
are
a
lot
of
new
products
on
the
market
that
states
can
tax
like
a
cigarette
sand.
Potentially
marijuana
there
are
some
digital
taxes.
States
could
could
impose.
You
know
I
know
Maryland
had
proposed
a
tax
on
digital
advertising
earlier.
So
you
know
if
state
revenues
don't
rebound
as
quickly
as
we
hope
then
I
think
we
could
see
states
reaching
for
some,
so
the
tools
from
the
Great
Recession
and
maybe
some
new
tools
with
some
of
the
new
technology
and
things
that
are
on
the
market.
B
One
other
you
know
consequence
of
everything
we've
seen
is
that
the
budget
process
itself
has
really
been
interrupted
and
I
apologize.
I
forgot
to
pull
a
new
map
for
this.
We
updated
this
on
Monday.
So
there's
a
couple
states
there
since
past
budgets
that
are
not
reflected
here
and
that's
available
on
our
website
and
I
can
get
that
to
Michelle.
Also
after
this,
but
you
know,
states
are
really
still
uncertain
about
their
revenue,
so
we've
seen
more
States
than
we
typically
do
past
stopgap
measures.
B
You
know,
typically,
when
states
pass
a
temporary
spending
plan,
it's
because
they
can't
agree
on.
You
know
the
House
and
Senate
or
the
legislature
and
governor
can't
agree
exactly
on
let's
spend
or
how
much
to
cut,
and
this
year
we're
just
seeing
states
passed
those
just
to
give
themselves
more
time
to
get
a
handle
on.
You
know
what
the
revenue
picture
is
going
to
be
we're.
Also
seeing
a
lot
of
states
plan
special
sessions.
You
know
they
passed,
maybe
based
budgets
that
they
now
need
to
go
revise.
So
it's
been
an
interesting
interesting
time.
B
For
you
know,
budget
process
as
well
and
I
think
we'll
see
a
lot
of
special
sessions
as
states
get
a
better
handle
on
what
the
economy
is
going
to
look
like
a
little
good
news
for
states
as
that
reserve
funds
are
are
healthy.
You
know
we
saw
states
draw
down
their
reserve
funds
to
about
4.8%
during
the
Great
Recession
they've
rebounded
to
you
know
about
10%.
Now
we
identity
SL.
We
track
rainy,
day
funds,
but
we
typically
look
at
a
state's
year
in
balance
to
determine
its
overall
fiscal
health.
B
So
that's
a
combination
of
rainy
day
funds,
plus
any
carry-forward
balances
that
a
state
may
be
holding.
So
that's
what
this
line
here
shows.
So
you
know
the
good
news
is
that
that
many
states
do
have
some
reserves
that
they
can
draw
on.
That
will
hopefully
help
mitigate
some
of
the
cuts
they
might
have
to
make.
B
B
They
must
be
used
for
unexpected
costs
related
to
Coba
19,
and
the
funds
must
be
spent
by
the
ultimate
recipient
by
December
30th,
which
you
know
many
states
are
working
to
get
tracking
procedures
implemented
and
working
to
figure
out
what
the
best
use
of
those
funds
are
and
what
allowable
uses
are
under
the
current
Treasury
guidelines,
so
certainly
helpful
and
out
of
money,
but
also
comes
with
some
challenges.
Mister
States.
B
The
bottom
line
is
that
there
is
still
a
lot
of
uncertainty
for
state
budgets.
You
know
every
state
right
now
is
in
some
some
way
reopening,
but
we
don't
fully
know
what
that
will
look
like.
Yet
we
don't
know
how
much
pent-up
demand
there's
going
to
be.
You
know
we
don't
know
how
soon
some
of
the
jobs
that
have
been
lost
will
return.
We
don't
know
if
there
will
be
a
second
wave
that
will
force
staves
to
you
know.
Maybe
we
shut
down
some
industries
and
maybe
the
biggest
question
mark
out
there.
B
We
don't
know
if
there
will
be
more
federal
aid
coming
to
the
States.
So
you
know,
we've
seen
some
states
holding
off
on
spending
all
of
that
coronavirus
relief
fund
money
to
see
if
Congress
will
allow
more
flexibility
for
its
uses
and
we're
also
seeing
states
kind
of
waiting
to
see
what
the
federal
government
will
do
with
anything
to
provide
more
aid
to
state
and
local
governments.
I
think
this
quote
by
the
California
Department
of
Finance
kind
of
sums
up
the
position
that
we're
all
in
right.
B
Now
it's
possible,
the
economy
could
recover
more
robustly
than
our
economic
experts
are
projecting,
but
it's
also
possible.
All
these
numbers
could
be
even
worse
than
we're,
projecting
it
right
now.
So
you
know
we
really
don't
know
what
to
expect
and
so
I
think
states
are
really
in
a
waiting
period
and
just
trying
to
get
a
handle
on
things.
B
We
here
at
NCSL
are
really
trying
to
to
track
that
as
it
happens.
So
please
visit
us
at
our
website
where
we're
tracking
this
information.
My
contact
information
is
on
the
screen,
so
please
feel
free
to
reach
out
to
me.
If
you
have
questions
and
we're
always
happy
to
answer
questions
and
do
any
research
that
might
be
useful
for
you,
so
that's
all
I
have
Michelle.
If
you
there
are
any
questions
or
anything
else,
I
can
provide
or.
A
A
In
the
meantime,
I
do
have
one
question,
for
you
sure,
typically
I
know
that
things
are
not
typical
right
now,
so
I
assume
that
there
are
some
folks
see
me
potentially
or
some
states
who
would
typically
know
what
the
revenue
forecasts
are
by
now,
and
things
are
just
in
such
a
wait-and-see
space
right
now
that
we
just
don't
know
and
I'm
curious.
If
you
have
a
sense
or
or
have
us
some
sort
of
a
prediction
at
Wednesday's,
we'll
have
a
better
idea
of
their
revenue.
Yeah.
B
So
official
forecasts
vary
greatly
by
state.
Some
states
will
do
in
a
recorder.
Some
states
will
only
do
it
at
the
start
of
a
fiscal
year,
the
start
of
a
legislative
session.
You
know,
we've
heard
from
states
that
I
think
everybody's
trying
to
do
unofficial
estimates,
at
least
I,
think
in
June
and
July,
just
because
the
fiscal
year
does
start
on
July
1st
for
most
states.
So
many
states
have
tried
at
the
end
of
May
and
early
start
of
June,
to
get
some
preliminary
estimates
out
there.
A
C
You
very
much
and
thank
you
Erika
for
the
presentation.
I
had
a
question
particularly
around
the
copepod
Relief
Fund,
so
being
in
Maryland.
My
other
day,
job
I
used
to
work
on
Capitol,
Hill
and
I,
followed
up
with
a
couple
of
colleagues
who
work
on
the
Appropriations
issues
and
I
read
through
the
Treasury
Department's
guidance
and
we've
had
some
difficulty
in
getting
a
straight
answer
from
our
governor's
office.
C
It
seems
to
me
in
my
reading
that
that
coronavirus
relief
fund
is
pretty
broad,
so
our
state
has
about
one
point:
three
billion
dollars
left
that
hasn't
been
allocated
to
local
jurisdictions
and
I.
Guess
you
know
one
of
the
issues
I've
been
working
on,
particularly
as
childcare
and
I
know.
That's
been
a
big
issue
in
a
lot
of
states
across
the
country.
C
It
seems
to
me
that
our
governor
would
have
the
authority
to
you
know,
take
a
chunk
of
that
money,
a
relatively
small
chunk
and
the
grand
scheme
of
things
and
use
that
you
know
to
provide
a
relief
grant
or
support
program
to
childcare.
You
know,
providers
that
are
really
hard
hit
and
operating
at
half
capacity
and
again
in
reading
the
Treasury
Department's
guidance
seems
like
that
would
be
more
than
allowable.
C
B
So
the
biggest
thing
that's
been
stressed
to
us
from
the
Treasury
Department
is
that
allowable
expenses
have
to
be
somewhat
related
to
cope
in
nineteen,
so
they,
you
know
that
it's
really
designed
to
be
a
temporary,
a
temporary
way
for
states
to
to
assist
with
these
types
of
things.
I
think
that
that
would
be
an
allowable
expense.
You
know
to
the
extent
you
know:
childcare
places
where
we're
hard-hit
by
ID
by
the
pandemic.
You
could
provide
a
grant
I
think
to
childcare
facilities,
great.
B
Don't
don't
quote
me
on
that,
but
that's
my
my
current
understanding
from
our
you
know,
conversations
with
books
and
I'll
I'll
check
back
with
others.
You
know,
we've
we've
also
been
sort
of
adding
these
questions
back
and
forth
about
what's
allowable.
What's
not
so
I'll
get
some
input
from
others
too
and
see
if
they
think
and
if
they
think
differently
I'll.
How
much
you
know.
C
C
B
My
understanding
of
the
corona
bias
relief
funds
in
particular
is
that
they
would
not
be
able
to
use
for
teacher
pay
raises
a
lot
of
the
education
uses
for
coronavirus
relief
funds.
Where
stress
is
sort
of
you
know,
distance
learning
in
to
the
extent
that
states
had
unexpected
costs
related
to
that
I
know.
There
were
some
other
funds
provided
by
the
cares.
Act
that
I'm
sure,
Michelle
and
Dan
can
speak
in
more
in
depth
to
that
potentially
could
be
used
for
that
I'm,
not
sure
about
the
the
restrictions
on
those
other
funds.
D
For
cards
the
teacher
salary,
so
the
way
this
from
a
state
level,
you
could
potentially
use
the
governor's
education
really
fund
or
emergency
really
fun.
You
could
also
use
potentially
the
state
agency
set
aside
from
the
education
Stabilization
Fund
cares,
mostly,
the
the
main
source
of
potential
salary
and
increases
for
teachers
were
using
care.
Funds
for
teacher
salaries
would
come
in
the
district
portion.
The
education,
Stabilization
Fund,
there's
no
supplanting
provision
on
those
funds,
and
so
districts
have
pretty
wide
flexibility
for
how
they
use
those
funds.
D
So
they
could
use
those
to
compensate
for
staff
salaries,
and
you
know
from
what
we've
seen
from
the
department
there's
not
a
tremendous
amount
of
oversight.
That's
gonna
be
exercised
there,
so
there
is
some
flexibility
within
the
education
Stabilization
Fund
to
use
those
monies
for
for
teacher
salaries.
D
E
Thanks
Michelle
and
Thank
You
Erica,
it's
always
interesting
to
hear
from
from
you
American,
and
we
rely
so
much
on
your
work
and
the
work
of
the
fiscal
affairs
program
on
tracking
state
education,
budgets
and
I.
Your
work
is
very
reliable
and
I
yeah.
It's
it's
a
something
that
you
know.
I
make
a
lot
of
money
on
the
on
the
on
the
money
that
you
on
the
information
you
provide.
I
know
it's
really
accurate,
so
I'm
doing
that.
Just
trying
to
share
my
screen
to
the
slideshow
that
I
have.
E
And
hopefully
you
can
see
a
picture
of
a
map
and
someone,
let
me
know,
if
not
so.
This
is
the
same
information.
The
same
map,
essentially
that
the
Erica
provided
earlier,
but
I
wanted
to
for
my
own
purposes.
I
put
it
into
my
own
way
of
analyzing
some
of
this
data
to
keep
track
for
myself
of
the
education
budgets
and
it's
just
showing
me
the
same
information.
But
we
know
that
the
states
are
really
facing
an
unprecedented
unprecedented
budget
challenges.
E
But
the
question
is
how
all
those
challenges
impact
K
through
12
education
and
that's
what
we're
trying
to
figure
out.
You
know
and
T's
out
right
right
now,
so
we
can
get
it
kind
of
an
idea
by
looking
at
what
happened
in
the
Great
Recession,
when
state
budgets
dropped
what
happened
to
your
k12
budgets.
So
what
you're?
Looking
at
right
here?
E
And
you
know
these
numbers
can
change
and
seltrax
these
numbers
as
well.
These
are
from
NASPA
that
I
have
because
they
kind
of
track
throughout
the
Great
Recession,
so
about
22%
of
all
these
expenditures.
Out
of
these
funds,
with
20%
spent
on
K
through
12
education
and
as
we
moved
into
the
Great
Recession,
that
figure
dropped
below
20
percent
in
fiscal
year
2012
and
has
stayed
below
20
percent
since
since
the
Great
Recession.
E
Declined
a
little
bit
so
and
I,
don't
know
what
yeah
it's
too
early
to
tell
whether
the
same
kind
of
pattern
will
happen
moving
over
the
next
couple
of
fiscal
years,
but
the
the
lines
you
see
at
the
bottom
are
here
over
year.
Changes
in
the
first
dark
blue
line
is
just
actual
total
spending
at
the
state
level
year
over
year
and
in
fiscal
year.
12
is
when
we
saw
the
sharpest
year-over-year
decline.
E
People
call
that
the
fiscal
cliff
when,
when
the
federal
stimulus
at
that
time
dried
up-
and
there
was
a
7.8
percent
reduction
across
the
country
and
its
total
spending
at
the
state
on
k-12
education
on
a
gen
director
out
of
funds,
state
funds
and
then
the
this
year,
the
the
dotted
lines
are
year-over-year
percent
changes
in
that
share
of
the
state
budget,
so
from
22
percent
to
21
percent.
What
was
that
change
so
moving
on,
though?
E
It's
it's
interesting
that
when
we
look
at
all
the
revenue
that
did
come
in
for
K
through
12,
this
is
it
was
buoyed
through
the
Great
Recession,
through
the
federal
stimulus
and
through
an
augmentation
of
spending
at
the
local
level.
So
yes,
in
with
this,
this
line,
the
the
chart
you're,
seeing
the
line
chart
with
the
orange
circle,
that's
showing
the
percent
change
and
spending
from
the
peak
in
2008
and
in
2010.
That's
when
we
saw
the
the
sharpest
decline
from
its
peak
in
state
revenue
at
negative.
E
We
have
some
really
good
resources,
and
what
I
want
to
highlight
is
this
database
that
the
NCSL
has
put
together
on
on
all
the
legislation
addressing
coded
the
emergency
emergency
funds,
health
responses-
and
this
is
a
chart
that
breaks
down
what
what
the
focus
of
the
legislation
has
been
fiscal
affairs.
You
can
fiscal
bills
you
can
see.
E
If
you
want
that,
this
is
another
one
where
we
just
dig
specifically
into
that
share
of
education
bills
and
again
we
have
links
to
this,
and
what
we're
looking
at
are
the
states
where
there
have
enactments
on
education
legislation
and
for
pre-k
to
12
appropriation
and
budget
and
spending
bills
are
spent
30
bills
enacted
so
far
in
21
states
and
of
these
enactments,
large
majority
of
them
are
fund.
Transfers
is
Erica
mentioned
that
the
end
of
year
cash
balances
and
rainy
day
funds
both
are
fairly
robust
compared
to
this
time.
E
During
the
Great
Recession
and
so
we're
seeing
a
lot
of
different
transfers
out
of
different
funds
into
the
the
Education
and
Trust
Fund
or
the
general
fund
to
support
K
through
12
so
and
Eric
apostle
brought
up
Utah
that
they
were
able
to
maintain
a
slight
increase
in
their
base
unit
funding
for
k-12
education
and
it's
legislation
and
that
they're
passed
last
week.
We
when
we
are
seeing
some
attempts
by
legislators
to
so
somewhat
whole
education,
harmless
moving
for
it.
E
But
this
is,
as
was
mentioned,
that
Utah
has
projections
to
make
two
percent
cuts.
Five
percent
cuts
in
ten
percent
cuts,
and
this
is
a
document
that
would
show
line
by
line
what
would
be
cut
at
2%,
then
at
five
percent
and
then
ten
percent,
but
it
gets
a
really
good
indication
of
what
is
the
thinking
behind
how
education
may
be
treated
when
faced
with
really
stark
cuts
and
what
are
the
programs
and
what?
E
What
are
those
about?
Is
it
that
kind
of
the
whole
value
of
these
compared
to
other
programs
and
education,
so
I'm
going
to
put
that
up
on
this
website
and
as
a
resource
and
other
resources
that
you
have
as
legislative
staff
that
you
think
would
be
helpful
for
your
colleagues.
Please
send
them
to
me,
I'd
like
to
put
them
those
up
as
well
on
the
website,
and
at
this
moment
I
would
like
to
now
turn
it
over
to
to
Mike
Griffith
and
I'm
gonna
pull
up
his
PowerPoint
presentation
one.
Second,
please.
F
Great
thanks,
Dan
and
thanks
Erika
I
mean
between
Dan
and
Erika.
We
learned
an
awful
lot
about
what's
happening
with
state
budgets
and
how
it's
impacting
education
I
want
to
talk
a
little
bit
today
about
what
we're
seeing
at
FBI.
Some
of
this.
Some
of
these
kind
of
issues
that
we're
running
into
then
aren't
you
know
uncommon.
We
ran
into
some
of
them
before
during
the
Great
Recession
and
telecall.
Maybe
some
opportunities
here
for
some
changes.
I
would
also
like
to
apologize
for
my
mullet
and
I
have
going,
which
is
the
first
time.
F
F
Great,
so
you
know,
Dan
talked
hard
about
this,
but
I'd
like
to
bring
it
up
again.
You
know
the
last
downturn
lasted
five
years.
We
didn't
hit
bottom
in
two
we're
about
midway
through
that
five-year
period.
The
reason
being
right.
There
were
reserve
funds
that
states
had
built
up.
There
were
one-time
budget
maneuvers
that
states
took
advantage
of,
and
there
was
the
federal
dollars
between
all
of
those.
F
They
void
us
through
the
first
about
two
two
and
a
half
years
in
most
states
of
the
recession,
and
then
we
started
to
hit
a
bottom
at
a
certain
point.
What
we
know
from
that
time
period
from
all
the
cuts
that
were
made
to
education,
that
it
impacted
student
learning,
there's
some
good
studies
out
there
that
showed
that
that
all
students
were
impacted
in
one
way
or
the
other
with
learning,
but
specifically,
students
from
low-income
and
minority
communities
suffered
the
most
and
part
of
that
and
Dan
touched
on.
F
F
The
difference
can
be
pretty
stark
and
you
can
see
in
some
school
districts
of
this
country
they
receive
on
wealthier
areas,
may
receive
10%
or
less
of
their
funding
from
state
funds,
but
they
were
in
low
wealth
areas
can
receive
eighty
ninety
percent
of
their
funding
from
state
funding,
so
huge
difference
and
the
fact
that
state
funding
is
based
off
of
sales
and
income
tax,
which
fluctuates
especially
during
the
recession
versus
the
higher
wealth
communities
that
are
reliant
on
stable
property
tax
revenue,
so
Dan.
If
we
can
go
to
the
next.
F
And
that's
what
I
just
talked
about
what
we
saw
then
and
again
Dan
touched
on.
It-
is
the
separation
between
high
wealth
and
low
wealth
areas
in
this
country
in
spending
on
a
per
pupil
basis.
This
is
the
same
thing
that
we
actually
saw
during
the
recession
of
the
early
80s
and
the
one
of
the
early
90s
was
this
separation
between
the
haves
and
the
have-nots
between
low
wealth
and
high
wealth
areas
and
again
that
disproportionately
impacts
low
income
students
in
minority
with
the
funding.
F
That
they're
making
in
reduction
in
revenue
and
it's
been
helpful,
but
it's
only
a
less
than
two
percent
of
education
revenue
in
the
50
states
in
DC,
coming
in
at
less
than
three
hundred
dollars
per
student,
so
again
helpful.
But
it's
not
going
to
close
the
gap
to
put
this
in
comparison
to
the
relief
act
that
was
put
in
in
2009
during
the
Great
Recession.
It
is
only
one-fifth
the
size
of
the
federal
package
during
the
Relief
Act,
so
big
difference
in
responses
now
and
back.
F
You
know
eleven
years
ago
during
the
Great
Recession,
and
we
can
go
to
the
next
great.
So
you
know
when
you're
thinking
about
this
thinking
about
these
cuts.
Thinking
about
these
issues.
These
are
some
big
sort
of
things
to
think
about.
One
of
them
is:
will
your
school
districts
have
sufficient
funding
to
open
up
in
the
fall
that
we're
talking
right
about
budget
cuts
right
now,
but
we
also
know
there
are
increased
cost
necessary
to
open
schools
safely
in
the
fall.
Will
your
districts
be
able
to
do
that?
Some
districts
have
said.
F
We
cannot
currently
afford
to
open
schools
up
in
the
fall
if
you're
going
to
provide
us
with
cuts,
and
we
have
these
increased
costs.
The
increased
cost
we're
still
trying
to
get
a
handle
on
we've
got
an
estimating
tool
if
you'd
like
to
take
on
our
website.
We
are
also
working
with
other
groups
and
ASCO
the
American
Association
of
School
Business
officials
and
the
School
Boards
Association
have
put
on
a
set
of
numbers
and
what
they
said
is
it's
about
$500
per
kid.
F
An
additional
cost
to
open
up
schools
safely
come
to
fall,
so
you
can
take
a
look
at
that
thinking
to
hear
schools.
They
have
that
extra
five
hundred
dollars
can
they
afford
to
do
this?
Can
your
formula
be
adjusted
if
your
students
move
to
online
learning
and
what
I
mean
by
that
is
dear
student?
Count
mechanisms
allow
you
to
have
kids
learn
online
in
some
states
it
didn't
really
come
as
an
issue
at
the
end
of
the
school
year.
The
counting
periods
were
over
for
funding
purposes,
but
it
will
make
a
difference.
F
So
if
you're
in
a
state
like
Colorado
that
has
a
single
count
day
in
the
way
the
rules
work
now
the
student
has
to
be
in
person.
On
that
count
day.
How
are
you
gonna
work
that
out?
How
are
you
going
to
allow
that
to
be
adjustable
in
case
some
or
all
of
the
students
are
being
taught
online?
Do
are
then
next
we
want.
You
know
you
to
think
about.
Do
your
budget
revisions
I'll
offer
equity
between
districts
and
student
groups.
F
So
again,
that's
it
talk
about
this
downturn
is
going
to
hit
different
districts
and
different
groups
differently,
thinking
about
when
you're
making
changes
to
your
budget.
How
is
that
going
to
impact
students
and
then
talking
about
creating
greater
flexibility
and
spending,
but
make
sure
that
doesn't
come
at
the
expense
of
underserved
student
populations
and
what
we
saw
during
the
Great
Recession
was
some
states
provided
a
great
deal
of
flexibility
in
spending,
which
was
how
the
whole
districts
appreciated
that?
F
F
A
Thank
you
Mike
and
Dan.
So
we
do
have
one
question
in
the
chat
box
and
I
would
remind
others
to
go
ahead
and
put
your
questions
there
or
raise
your
hand
and
I'll
call
on
you.
As
long
as
I
see
the
hand
go
up,
so
schools
need
$500
per
student
to
open
in
the
fall
over
the
three
hundred
dollars
they
received
in
the
s.res
funding.
Does
the
five
hundred
dollars
include
after-school
programs,
breakfast,
etc?.
F
You
know
preparation
and
training
for
teachers
and
staff.
It
did
not
include
additional
breakfast.
It
did
not
include
after-school
programs
for
students,
we
did
do
an
estimate
and
it's
one
of
the
things
we
estimated
weren't
on
as
those
numbers,
but
we
took
a
look
at
what
are
the
additional
costs
for
online
learning?
What
are
the
additional
cost
more
food
services
and
what
are
the
additional
cost
for
students
that
didn't
get
a
full
end-of-the-year
education
this
year
to
help
them?
F
You
know,
bolster
their
education
attainment
I
think
you
could
take
a
look
at
our
numbers,
combined
them
with
the
ASBO
numbers,
and
then
you
could
come
up
with
something
as
a
total
cost,
because
we
looked
at
more
structural
cost.
They
looked
at
more
short-term
sort
of
cleaning
costs.
The
things
you
needed
to
open
up
so
again
the
$300
helps,
but
it
doesn't
get
us
there.
We
estimated
just
on
for
about
15%
of
the
students
alone,
who
do
not
have
high
speed
internet
internet
connectivity
at
home.
F
Those
students
are
gonna,
cost
$500
a
piece
to
get
them
connected
and
set
up
on
high-speed
Internet.
So
yeah,
it's
you
know
it's
it's
one
of
those
things
I
think
we're
gonna
see
a
lot
of
different
groups
talking
about
these
costs,
but
knowing
that
there
are
these
additional
costs
there
and
right
now
the
federal
cares
act
money.
It
just
doesn't
cover
that.
A
F
No,
that's
a
good
question
and
it's
something
we're
struggling
with
and
we're
trying
to
figure
out
a
good
way
to
answer
that
I've
heard
a
third
I've
also
heard
a
seventh.
It
depends
on
how
you
interpret
the
rules
and
about
where
students
see,
but
some
school
districts
have
said.
You
know
we
can
only
put
if
we
want
to
keep
six
feet
apart
from
each
kid
that
is
not
from
the
same
household,
we
can
only
fit
about
a
seventh
as
many
kids
into
our
school
buses.
F
If
that
is
the
case,
then
you
know
that
isn't
a
cost
thing
anymore,
because
there
just
aren't
enough
dollars
for
that
and
there
aren't
enough
buses
that
exist.
It's
simply
one
of
these
logistics
things
where
I
don't
know
what
the
answer
is.
So
if
you're
going
to
need
seven
times
the
buses
or
you're
going
to
need
your
bosses
to
run
seven
times
as
often
I,
just
don't
see
how
that
can
work.
Now,
places
have
talked
about
the
hybrid
system,
where
half
your
students
will,
you
know,
be
in
class
physically
in
class.
F
The
other
half
will
be
online
at
home,
something
that,
like
that,
might
be
a
little
more
workable
with
your
transportation
system.
Then
you're
only
talking
about
three
to
one
at
that
point
on
the
school
buses,
but
it's
going
to
be
pushing
your
transportation
system
to
its
limits.
To
be
able
to
do.
You
know
even
think
of
having
that
type
of
system
and
that
kind
of
distancing
on
a
school
bus,
I.
A
Know
in
our
school
district
they
overpopulate
the
buses
to
begin
with.
So
if
you
think
about
what
it's
supposed
to
be
versus
what
you
may
end
up
doing
now
and
what
the
reality
was
is
have
how
many
students
were
on
the
bus,
it's
ridiculous.
The
other
thing
that
I
would
mention
to
you
is
I
know
in
the
Denver
Metro
area.
A
F
It's
I,
I
would
say
those
are
both
good
ideas.
It's
going
to
depend
on
the
program
it's
going
to
depend
on
what
you're
doing,
but
I
again
would
to
say
ensure
that
those
dollars
and
those
services
go
to
the
kids
that
need
it.
If
you
have
seen
an
after-school
program,
you
might
find
out
that
after
school
because
of
the
transportation
issue,
because
of
other
things,
does
it
work
at
least
for
this
upcoming
year,
but
offer
a
one-time
waiver
that
says
you
can
use
that
extended
time.
F
However,
you
see
fit
so
that
might
be
after
school
for
some
places
that
might
be
starting
the
school
year
early
in
other
places.
That
might
be
weekend
programs,
something
like
that,
but
ensure
that
the
intent
of
that
right
is
still
carried
forward
in
their
case,
as
you
might
look
at
combining
programs.
So
there
are,
there
are
places
that
have
separate
summer
school
and
after
school
and
talk
again
about
combining
those
just
for
a
period
of
time,
but
creating
an
extended
learning
time
grant
in
allowing
flexibility
in
decision
making.
F
A
lot
of
this
is
going
to
depend,
and
we
talked
about
the
busing
issue.
There
are
some
districts
that
don't
have
a
lot
of
us
and
going
on
that,
isn't
an
issue
for
them
and
they
can
have
sort
of
a
different
way
of
delivering
education
than
a
rural
district,
where
90%
of
their
kids
have
to
be
bused
and
so
allow
for
that.
F
Flexibility
and
those
decision
making
by
places
also
allow
for
the
fact
that
some
kids
are
not
going
to
feel
comfortable
or
even
be
able
to
come
into
school
in
person
until
there's
a
vaccine
and
so
allow
those
students
to
participate
in
after-school
programs
in
summer
school
programs
weekend
programs
would
do
that
online,
as
opposed
to
being
in
person.
I.
Think.
The
key
word
with
all
of
this
is
flexibility
and
I.
F
And
this
might
be
something
better
forward
to
hand
to
talk
about.
Maybe
Dan
you've
seen
this,
but
right
now,
I
haven't
seen
it
within
the
details
of
state
budgets.
I
can
tell
you
there
were
some
good
examples
back.
You
know
in
the
last
recession,
and
so
you
saw
states
like
California
and
New
York
and
others
that
consolidated
down
the
number
of
programs
they
had
that
we're
outside
for
the
primary
formula
and
in
the
case
of
California
they
used
that
as
sort
of
the
first
step
to
adopting
a
brand
new
school
funding
formula.
F
It
took
several
years
at
after
that,
but
this
idea
that
there
are
too
many
pots
of
money
in
some
states
in
these
pots
of
money
can
cause
confusion
each
one
with
a
different
reporting
period
or
reporting
requirements,
different
expenditure
mandates
and
the
more
we
can
kind
of
narrow
those
down
the
the
better
it
is
and
the
greater
flexibility
we're
providing
for
school
districts.
But
dan,
do
you
know
of
anyone
right
now?
That
is,
let's
pass
something
that
you
seen.
E
Yeah
I
haven't
seen
anything
really
concrete
to
it.
To
share
my
mind,
also
immediately
went
to
California
and
the
local
control
funding
formula
which
was
passed
in
2015.
Is
that
right,
but
still
still
in
the
throes
of
really
kind
of
a
long
stretch
of
the
Great
Recession.
It
also
came
on
the
heels
for
California
a
tax
increase
to
help
fund
the
its
new
could
local
control
funding
formula,
but
yeah
in
the
goal
really
was
to
get
rid
of
that.
E
That
sedimentary
layers
of
programmatic
programs
have
been
piled
on
over
the
years
to
give
districts
flexibility
and
to
target
those
funds
were
two
districts
where
the
need
is
great.
It's
based
upon
the
student
population,
so
you
know
that's
something
that
it's
a
good
question
and
something
that
we'll
keep
our
eye
out
for
is
we're
coming
through
the
legislation
and
reading
through
some
of
these
budget
bills
and
yeah
I.
Think
it's
a
good
thing
to
to
be
cognizant
of.
D
That
is
that
that
is
the
big
question.
Let
me
share
my
screen:
real
quick.
Let's
see
where
am
I
going
here,
like
I'm,
like
a
great
closer
at
the
end
of
a
baseball
game,
I'll
try
to
make
quick
work
of
our
ninth-inning
here.
I
know
we're
coming
up
on
four
o'clock
all
right.
Let's
talk,
here's
act
implementation,
so
all
Kerr's
active,
first
The,
Cure's
Act
was
passed
three
months
ago.
It
seems
like
three
years
ago,
but
all
that
money
is
now
and
dispersed
by
the
Department
of
Education
and
it's
somewhere.
D
Its
availability
varies
depending
on
the
state
and
depending
on
the
funding
stream.
If
you
want
to
know
the
status
of
all
these
funds,
for
example
the
k-12
funds,
the
Esser
funds,
you
can
sometimes
check
the
state
education
see
website,
but
a
lot
of
times.
The
money
right
now
seems
to
be
somewhere
between
the
state
agency
and
the
actual
districts
themselves.
D
Right
now
we
don't
have
a
great
sense
across
the
board
of
as
to
whether
school
districts
have
received
those
money
and
the
funds
and,
if
they're,
using
them
yet
so
there
seems
to
be
a
bit
of
a
lag
right
now
in
terms
of
whether
the
funds
dedicated
for
k-12
are
actually
being
used.
So
I
get
the
sense
that
districts
are
probably
waiting
given
that
the
academic
year
has
passed
for
for
most
schools
to
disperse
those
funds
closer
to
fall,
there's
also
the
governor's
education
relief
funds.
D
Those
are
the
gear
funds,
those
monies
have
all
been
dispersed,
I
believe
every
governor
applied
for
those
the
Department
of
Education
has
posted
both
the
k-12
and
the
gear
fund
applications
on
their
website.
Those
gear
applications
can
be
somewhat
descriptive,
sometimes
they're.
Not
there
are
some
states
that
if
you
look
up
your
application,
you
won't
get
any
insight
as
to
how
the
governor
tends
to
use
those
funds.
I
get
the
sense,
also
that
many
governors
are
holding
those
funds
in
reserve
to
see
their
state
fiscal
situation.
Really.
D
Many
governors
are
looking
at
the
governor's
education
fund
as
a
way
to
to
compensate
for
any
revenue
declines
and
then
there's
also
the
higher
education
funds.
Those
have
all
been
made
available
to
each
Institute
of
higher
education
as
of
late
April.
One
thing
I
did
hear
this
afternoon.
That
I
had
not
heard
was
that
the
Department
of
Education
is
telling
institutions
that
the
portion
of
funds
that
the
institution
is
allowed
to
use
for
non
student
emergency.
D
It's
called
the
institutional
use
portion
that
the
Department
of
Education
isn't
allowing
universities
to
use
those
funds
to
backfill
or
compensate
for
any
revenue
declines,
which
is
a
bit
unexpected.
It
was
the
sense
was
that
that
institutional
portion
could
be
used
pretty
flexibly
by
by
universities,
and
it
appears
that
in
practice,
that
might
not
be
the
case.
So
we're
looking
into
that.
That's
something
that
I
just
heard
about
this
afternoon.
It
hasn't
necessarily
been
made
public.
The
other
thing
with
karyn's
that
we're
paying
attention
as
the
man
it's
a
provision.
D
Please
reach
out
to
me
and
let
me
know
the
we
are
considering
some
engaging
the
Department
on
this
particular
issue,
but
I've,
yet
to
hear
a
state
that
doesn't
think
they'll
be
able
to
meet
maintance
of
every
fiscal
year
20,
but
very
curious.
If
that's
the
case,
because
we
want
to
make
sure
that
you
would
be
able
to
apply
for
that
waiver
at
your
convenience
rather
than
at
the
department's
proposed
timeline.
The
other
thing
that's
probably
holding
up
funds,
at
least
at
the
district
level,
is
the
equitable
services
interpretation
from
the
Department.
D
Yes,
I
think
there's
the
expectation
that
at
some
point,
Congress
will
pass
an
additional
stimulus
package.
The
timeline
that
is
still
very
uncertain,
I
think
it's
still
likely.
After
July
20th
Senate
GOP
has
been
pretty
non-committal
on
the
timeline.
I
know
the
Senate
really
is
not
working
on
it
actively.
Working
on
this
package,
you
know
some
things
I'm
hearing
is
that
there's
not
necessarily
agreement
on
this
year's
appropriations
process.
D
There's
a
lot
of
disagreement
on
police
bills
that
are
holding
up
this
process
and
then
I
think
there's
also
just
general
questions
about
how
pairs
act
funds
have
been
used.
You
know
we're
still
seeing
questions
about
how
you
can
use
the
CRF
fund,
we're
still
seeing
that
states
and
districts
haven't
necessarily
used
their
cares
money
yet
so
I
think
part
of
Congress
is
trying
to
understand
what
the
state
need
is
going
to
be,
as
well
as
what
how
the
funds
they've
already
disbursed
are
gonna
be
used.
D
Of
course,
the
house
did
pass
their
version
of
the
stimulus
package
a
few
about
a
month
ago,
provided
500
billion
dollars
for
states.
It
also
provided
an
additional
hundred
billion
dollars
for
directly
for
education.
In
addition
to
that,
flexible
aid
NCSL
has
asked
for
300
billion,
indirect,
flexible
aid.
We
also
support
broadband
deployment
and
state
connectivity
and
we've
been
communicating
to
Congress
just
the
the
the
need
for
education
funding
and
just
for
context.
D
You
know,
there's
other
groups
out
there
that
have
been
asking
for
over
or
close
to
200
billion
dollars
just
for
education
funding,
and
so
the
debate
on
how
much
funding
will
go
to
States
and
how
much
funding
will
go
to
education
is
something
that
we're
closely
watching.
But
I
think
it's
something
that's
not
going
to
resolve
itself
for
at
least
another
month.
A
Thank
either
for
that
very
quick
update.
Does
anyone
have
questions
for
Austin
and
we
would
encourage
you
to
reach
out
to
him
if
you
do
have
questions
or
if
you
have
particular
feedback
or
advice
for
him
on
messaging
around
any
of
these
things
to
Congress
or
the
administration
so
I
wanted
to.
Let
you
know
that
the
the
the
let
me
back
up
here
but
just
I,
went
too
far.
A
This
capital
is
Idaho,
it's
actually
a
very
beautiful
capital
and
recently
underneath
they
expanded
and
built
on
a
bottom
floor
I'm.
Actually
it's
not
been
that
recent.
It's
probably
been
at
least
10
or
15
years
ago,
where
all
of
their
committee
rooms
are
housed,
and
it
is
just
a
gorgeous
Capitol
and
I
would
encourage
anyone
to
go
visit.
It.
A
So
I
wanted
to
leave
you
with
some
information
about
the
meeting
on
Friday.
This
is
actually
a
professional
development
opportunity
for
you
and
we
know
that
we
offer
didn't.
We
often
hear
that
policies
or
programs
are
evidence-based,
but
what
does
that
really
mean
to
you?
Has
this
just
become
more
of
a
buzz
word
or
a
meaningful
label?
A
If
something
is
really
evidence-based,
we
have
new
evidence,
informed
policy
making
center
at
NCSL,
and
so
the
director
of
our
Center
is
going
to
be
joining
us
on
Friday
to
talk
about
this
and
to
talk
about
how
it
is
that
you
can
hone
your
skills
to
become
a
savvy
consumer
of
information
so
that
you
can
ensure
that
the
decisions
that
you're
making
are
indeed
evidence-based.
So
we
would
invite
you
to
join
us.
It's
Friday
at
3
p.m.
Eastern
Time.
Thank
you
for
joining
us
today.
A
We
appreciate
you
spending
time
with
us
and
if
you
have
any
toons
for
our
speakers,
please
let
us
know.
As
always,
all
this
information
will
be
posted
on
our
website
in
any
additional
resources
that
we
have
share
will
be
posted
there
as
well.
Thank
you
and
have
a
good
afternoon,
and
hopefully
we'll
see
you
on
Friday.