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A
Well,
good
morning
and
good
afternoon,
everyone
welcome
to
ncsl's
virtual
redistricting
seminar
evaluating
maps
with
ensembl
computer
methods.
We
want
this
to
be
an
interactive
experience
for
all
of
you,
so
I
briefly
want
to
point
out
a
couple
of
key
features
on
this
page
to
the
right
of
the
screen.
Where
you
can
see
me,
you
will
note
tabs
that
say:
chat
and
q.
A
the
chat
function
is
to
allow
you
to
interact
with
colleagues
attending
this
session.
A
At
our
in-person
redistricting
seminars,
we've
hosted
a
map
drawing
simulation
to
give
attendees
a
feel
for
what
it's
like
to
draw.
Redistricting
software
that's
very
difficult
to
replicate
in
this
virtual
setting,
but
we
think
this
is
the
next
best
thing.
During
this
hour
we
will
have
three
separate
rooms
and
you
can
view
each
with
a
software
vendor
and
a
redistricting
consultant.
A
The
proprietor
will
act
as
the
operator
of
the
software,
while
the
consultant
will
give
verbal
instructions
to
the
vendor
and
explain
both
visually
and
verbally.
The
features.
The
map,
drawing
software
that
are
important
to
understand
in
this
room.
The
redistricting
vendor
is
tracy
tracy
hogan
with
maptitude,
while
the
the
consultant
is
clark
benson,
they
have
multiple
decades
of
experience
with
software
and
we're
grateful
to
have
them
with
us
today.
A
B
Okay,
well
kristy.
Thank
you
very
much
and
I'm
glad
everybody's
here
right
after
lunch.
Well,
not
everybody's
after
lunch.
I
guess:
are
they
but
we'll
try
and
keep
you
awake
at
least
for
a
little
bit
as
christy
said
clark
benson
I've
been
a
consultant
on
auditioning
since
the
1980
cycle
I
operate
as
polydata.
B
You
may
have
heard
that,
and
I've
been
involved
in
numerous
cases,
so
I've
used
maptitude
since
the
2000
cycle
and,
of
course,
I'm
one
of
those
few
people
such
as
peter
watson,
I
see
here
and
stuff
who
actually
deal
with
registering
software
throughout
the
decade
as
well.
So
we've
there
are
a
handful
of
us.
Who've
had
a
lot
of
experience
using
software
on
both
sides
of
the
aisle
and
in
the
past
there
weren't
very
many
packages
for
redistricting
software.
B
We
used
to
have
to
spend
an
inordinate
amount
of
money
to
kind
of
something
on
our
own,
meaning
both
the
party
committees
and
such,
but
since
the
2000
cycle
we've
had
maptitude,
so
I'm
going
to
kind
of
go
over
a
couple
things
hopefully
well.
In
fact,
if
you
didn't
see
the
demonstrations
yesterday
from
the
vendors,
I
suggest
they'll
be
able
to
see
those
in
a
recorded
session
as
well
but
anyway.
B
So
some
of
that
tracy
went
over
yesterday,
I'm
going
to
go
over
a
couple
of
kind
of
bullet
points
from
the
standpoint
of
things
to
consider
why
you
would
need
software,
what
are
the
pluses
and
minuses
of
software
and
then
kind
of
go
through
a
few
of
the
tips
and
tricks
of
that
and
then
we'll
kind
of
explore
it
a
little
bit.
So
you
get
a
sense
of
how
you
do
some
of
the
basic
stuff
first
off
and
then
we'll
try
and
show
some
of
the
new
features
again.
B
The
caliper,
the
company
that
did
maptitude
is
an
actual
gis
company
that
got
into
the
redistributing
market
too.
Just
so
you
know,
so
there
is
an
actual
maptitude
software.
So
that's
why
this
is
mapped
to
four
yesterday,
so
we're
thankful
that
they
did
because
of
course
it
was
quite
useful
for
the
last
two
cycles.
Of
course
now
it's
here
again,
so
let
me
kind
of
go
over
first
off
just
briefly
what
the
data
that's
available
for
redistricting.
B
Now,
we've
heard
a
lot
of
this
over
a
lot
over
the
last
day,
so
I
don't
have
to
mention
much,
but
there
are
a
couple
of
other
items
that
have
been
focused
on,
so
the
obvious
thing
is
you're
going
to
get
the
census,
pl
94
171
data.
This
is
race,
race
and
hispanic
origin
data
broken
out
by
population
and
voting
age
population
for
every
census
block
in
your
state.
B
This
will
be
the
core
of
the
data
that
will
show
up
in
your
redistricting
software.
The
data
from
each
block
will
be
aggregated
up
for
the
other
layers
in
the
hierarchy
and
you'll
have
that
there
you.
You
may
have
two
auxiliary
pieces
of
information
this
time
relating
to
census,
voting
age
population,
which
we
call
cbap.
B
One
is
based
upon
the
administrative
records,
which
is
basically
using
federal
government
records,
to
estimate
who,
in
fact
or
to
find
who
in
fact
is
a
citizen,
and
the
other
is
the
so-called
special
tabulation
that
james
weishauer
was
talking
about.
Yesterday,
that's
been
done,
for
this
will
be
the
10th
year.
That's
been
available,
the
administrative
records
data
will
be
available
by
the
census
block.
B
The
special
tabulation
data
will
only
be
available
by
the
block
group
either
way
they
are
going
to
be
useful
to
some
degree
to
merge
in
with
the
normal
pl
data.
For
two
reasons,
one
is
for
voting
rights,
determination,
well
determination
for
language
and
balance
and
stuff,
but
more
so
for
redistricting
and
voting
rights
act,
compliance
the
other
is
actually.
B
This
goes
back
to
the
case
that
was
out
of
texas
last
last,
this
cycle
a
couple
of
years
ago
I
forgot
already
but
evan
well,
which
was
basically
basically
saying
that
you
should
at
least
be
able
to
look
at
the
voting
age
population,
the
citizen
voting
age
population
in
a
district
to
estimate
the
electoral
equality
of
a
district
as
opposed
to
just
the
population
equality.
B
Other
sets
of
data
you're,
going
to
have
available,
which
you
don't
necessarily
have
to
use,
but
you
you
might
want
to
include,
would
be
the
acs
data
which
again
is
going
to
the
block
level.
That's
where
you
get
your
actual
demographic
information.
The
census
itself
is
only
giving
you
the
only
ask
a
few
questions,
so
you're
only
going
to
get
so
much
out
of
it.
B
You
might
have
in
some
states
if
you're
allowed
to
have
it,
you
would
have
election
results
which
are
broken
down
to
the
census
block
as
well,
and
the
precinct
geography
that
you
would
have
to
have
to
merge.
The
election
results
by
precinct
to
a
census
block
for
each
election,
in
which
you're
going
to
have
data,
then
you're
going
to
have
other
kind
of
localized
type
of
things,
state
dependent
or
whatever.
You
may
have
communities
of
interest
as
defined
and
we'll
go
into
that.
B
And
then
you
have
other
things
like
kml,
that
you
know
layers,
google
and
whatever
many
states
now
have
local
tax
maps,
parcel
maps
that
you
can
add
as
overlays.
The
good
news
is
that
there's
a
lot
more
of
that
stuff
that
coincides
now
than
there
used
to
be
so
normally
to
do
all
that
you
need
several
types
of
software.
You
need
a
spreadsheet
kind
of
thing
to
do:
data
review
or
analysis.
B
B
So
gis,
basically,
is
the
the
the
higher
price
bracket
for
a
display
map.
So
the
advantage
of
having
a
resistance,
redistricting
specific
software
is,
of
course
it
brings
all
this
stuff
together
you
basically
the
only
thing
you
do
that's
harder
to
do
in
the
reducing
software
is
cross
database
stuff
because
it's
most
of
the
stuff
is
spreadsheet
oriented.
You
can
change
a
column
or
a
row
fairly
easily,
but
you
can't
automatically
go
someplace
else
and
bring
something
back
in,
and
that's
why
I
have
other
specialized
software.
B
Other
aspects
of
it
is,
and-
and
these
are
not
specifically
mapped
to-
but
a
lot
of
them
are
are
well
handled
in
that
is
you
can
you
can
import
and
export
plans,
whether
it's
partial
or
complete,
or
whatever,
whether
it
was
created
manually
or
automatically
meaning
the
new
ensembles
we've
heard
now,
of
course,
in
map2
you
have
the
ability
to
customize
almost
everything
that
is
a
window
or
a
report.
Well
reports
a
little.
B
You
can
customize
reports,
but
there
are
a
lot
of
standardized
reports,
but
there
are
a
lot
of
helpful
tools
that
are
there
too
and
we'll
go
over
some
of
those.
B
The
most
important
thing,
though,
of
course
about
gis
software
for
redistributing,
is
unlike
a
spreadsheet
alone,
is
when
you
draw
a
map,
a
district
using
a
map.
It
aggregates
up
all
this
information
that
you
have
available
at
the
block
for
the
district
as
you're
working
on
so
and
and
this
time.
In
fact,
you
can
get
some
of
the
compactness
measures
and
some
of
the
other
metrics
come
up
as
you
are
planning
a
district
say
before.
B
B
B
So
now
I
think
the
trick
is,
and
this
is
where
tracy
can
start
to
show
something
is
I
want
to
just
kind
of
say
when
you,
when
you
start
with
a
when
you
start
with
the
software.
The
first
thing
you
should
see
is:
what's
called
the
plan
manager
in
redistricting
and
excuse
me
in
mapd
for
registering
and
the
concept
here.
Is
there
multiple
ways
keep
track
of
it?
B
You
have
libraries,
you
have
templates
and,
as
you
can
see
on,
the
screen
plan
sets
and
reports
now
the
trick
here
is
you
can
yes
and
look
at
that
first
thing
I
suggest
here
you've
got,
and
this
is
more
of
a
tip
and
a
trick
thing
than
or
anything
else
is
set
up,
a
naming
convention
for
your
plans.
B
B
You
may
also
want
to
add
a
date
to
the
name,
although
now
we
at
least
have
created
and
modified,
but
if
you
you
will
sometimes
try
and
find
this
information
outside
of
maptitude.
So
it's
useful
if
you
can
have
a
short
version
of
your
date
in
there
too.
B
The
other
aspect
is
you
see
this
little
bitmap
the
little
picture
in
the
plan
manager.
That's
really
just
the
last
image
that
you
had
on
your
screen.
B
So
the
important
point
there
is
just
to
think
that
you
don't
want
to
you
want
if
you
before,
I
close
out
a
plan,
think
about
what
you
actually
have
on
the
screen
and
you
may
want
to
just
zoom
out
to
the
entire
state.
Let's
put
it
that
way,
because
you
don't
want
to
leave
a
trail
so
to
speak,
of
what
you're
you're
dealing
with
and
if
you
have
any
notes
you
want
to
write
write
about
math
too.
I
suggest.
Obviously
you
do
that
separately,
so
you
have
some
control
over
it.
It's
not
in
here.
B
When
you
start
there
are
templates
which
make
it
easier
after
you've
got
a
plan
in
there,
but
you're,
probably
when
you
get
your
software
you're,
probably
going
to
have
your
current
plan
automatically
loaded
before
you
get
the
pl
94
data,
because
you
should
have
been
working
on
that
at
some
point
anyway.
The
important
point
of
a
template
is
you
can
customize
as
much
as
you
want
and
then
all
you
do
is
bring
in
a
new
plan.
B
Now,
that's
pretty
easy
to
do,
because
you
can.
You
can
set
up
exactly
like
what
layers
you
want
to
show
on
the
screen
and
as
tracy's
showing
here
you
can
do
the
the
summary
fields
which
again
are
the
cells
in
the
spreadsheet
that
get
added
up
automatically.
Whenever
you
do
a
district
and
they
I
mean,
as
you
are
planning
a
district
as
you
click
on
piece
of
geography
into
the
district
you're
currently
working
on
you'll
get
all
these
numbers.
So
those
are
the
summary
fields.
You
can
easily
add
them.
B
B
So
you
can
and
you
can
change
the
denominators
too
for
other
things
like
if
you
had
cbap,
you
would
use
that.
So
that's
the
kind
of
thing
you
can
do
fairly
easily.
Now
importing
a
plan
is
the
terminology.
Here
is
we
have
block
assignment
files
and
we
have
shape
files?
If
so,
if
you
have
a
plan
that
someone's
giving
you
the
geography
for
a
plan,
you
can
import
it
fairly
easily.
B
A
block
assignment
file
is
just
a
text
file,
meaning
it's
not
a
computerized.
You
can
read
it.
Let's
put
that
one,
it's
just
one
record
for
every
census
block
in
the
state
which
of
course
could
be
a
couple
hundred
thousand
or
a
million
and
a
half
and
all
it
has
is
a
code,
a
geographic
code
for
that
census,
block
and
then
the
district
it
is
to
which
it's
assigned.
B
So
that's
fairly
easy
to
do
a
tip
here
is
it's
in
the
long
run,
even
though
maptitude
solves
this?
For
you,
one
of
the
typical
problems
you
have
is
just
now.
This
is
for
connecticut,
so
they
have
151
districts,
district
1
when
it
comes
up
and
asks
you
to
name
the
district.
A
lot
of
people
just
say
type
in
one
and
hit
enter
well.
Maptitude
changes
that
into
space
space,
one
so
that
in
fact
it
will
sort
that
way.
But
a
lot
of
external
software
like
spreadsheets
and
such
may.
B
Not
in
fact
do
that,
so
you
might
want
to
consider
what
you
type
in
one
either:
do
zero
zero
one
or
zero
or
space
space
one
depending
if
you
have
more
than
100
districts
or
not
the
the
important
thing
again
about
the
block
sci
files.
There
is
no
demographic
data
regardless,
and
so,
when
you
export
a
plan,
you
again
have
the
same
thing.
You
can
export
a
plan
as
a
block
assignment
file
which
looks
just
like
it
does
on
the
screen
here.
B
That's
in
the
shapefile,
because
the
shapefile
by
default
will
take
all
the
aggregated
summary
fields
you
have
included
and
send
that
with
the
shapefile,
it's
fairly
easy
to
exclude
the
other
ones,
but
you
if
there
is
a
trick-
and
you
have
to
at
least
think
about
it
ahead
of
time.
Now,
if
you
want
to
send
all
the
demographic
data,
that's
fine,
but
a
lot
of
times.
All
you
want
to
do
is
just
especially
at
the
end
of
the
process.
B
When
you're
submitting
your
plan,
all
you
really
want
to
do
is
give
them
the
geography
and
that's
normally
all
you'd
be
required
to
get
them
so
anyway,
I
think
now
we
can
go
kind
of
go
back
into
so
tracy
can
kind
of
go
through
where
we've
been
playing
with
a
couple
different
things
here,
as
you
can
see
from
the
the
plan
situation
here,
the
libraries
is
really
just.
You
can
use
that
as
basically
a
kind
of
a
folder
organizational
aspect.
It
has
no
specific
meaning
templates
again.
B
B
B
And
see
you,
you
probably
missed
it
there,
but
she
had
a
whole
list
of
maps
there,
which
of
course
that
was
going
out
to
windows
explorer
and
she
had
some
that
said,
like
ensemble
maps
and
then
had
a
date
after
it.
So
the
advantage
that
is,
they
were
all
sorted
together
because
she
was
so
consistent
about
how
she
did
it
see
they
sort
they
can
sort
chronologically,
okay,
so
yeah.
So
just
why?
Don't
you
zoom
into
upper
right
there
into
window
county
a
little
bit?
B
Okay?
So
now
now?
How
would
we
tell
exactly
what
showing
was
she's
got
a
little
little
legend
down
at
the
bottom,
so
we
have
voting
districts,
county
subdivisions
and
county,
so
obviously
counties
pretty
easy
to
find
county
subdivision
connecticut
is
one
of
the
roughly
dozen
states
or
so
that
have
county
subdivisions
which
are
called
minor
civil
divisions
or
mcds,
and
it's
largely
new
england
and
the
northeast,
and
some
of
the
midwest,
where
counties
in
especially
new
england
counties
mean
nothing
anymore.
B
B
So
in
that
part
of
the
country
you
will
have
a
different
level
of
geography
that
you're
dealing
with.
In
other
words,
towns
will
not
necessarily
be
sacrosanct,
but
they
will
be
much
more,
especially
the
smaller
ones
that
are.
You
know
if
the
district
is
20,
000
people
right
away.
You
can
see
on
this
map,
they're
going
to
be
a
lot
of
towns
that
are
going
to
be
whole
or
likely
to
be
whole.
Mansfield
would
probably
be
in
windham
being
over.
B
B
B
Let's
just
we
want
to
change
a
let's
say
we
want
to
turn
the
highways
off.
I
mean
the
major
highways
there.
You
go.
B
See
so
you
have
you
have
pretty
much
the
ultimate
capability
here
to
kind
of
customize
exactly
what
you
want
to
show
up,
because
again,
it's
really
going
to
matter
on
what
area
of
the
state
you're
working
in
now.
This
is
a
fairly
rural
area,
so
you
can
pretty
much
have
everything
in
here
now
right
now
we
have
presumably
that's
just
population
showing
up
in
the
blocks,
but
you
can
add
other
information
you
could
have.
B
Now,
on
the
left
again,
of
course,
she's
showing
these
are
all
the
pl
94
fields
as
well.
Now
this
nomenclature
is
is
mapped
to
these
normal
nomenclatures.
Different
software
will
have
different
versions
of
it
of
the
names,
but
the
data
are
all
going
to
be
the
same
they're,
all
just
basically
from
the
from
the
census
bureau
and
again,
you
can
have
multiple
you
can
have
like
five
or
six
things
on
there.
B
It
really
just
depends
on
what
you
need
and
how
much
geography
you're
looking
at
if
you're,
looking
at
a
smaller
like
one
district,
you
want
to
really
zoom
in
on
a
district.
You
could
have
a
lot
of
information,
but
if
you're,
trying
to
you
know
balance
population
out
between
districts,
that's
not
going
to
be
very
useful,
be
too
much
information!
B
Okay,
so
you
can
again,
you
can
add
different
layers,
there's
a
whole
mess
of
them
there.
You
may
you
can
easily
turn
them
on
and
off.
Some
of
them
are
on
an
auto
scale.
So
you
don't
want
to
see
it
right
away.
You
only
see
it
like
the
roads.
We
only
saw
them
when
we
actually
got
down
to
a
lower
level
of
the
zoom,
but
you
can
modify
them.
You
can
change
the
appearance
of
them.
B
You
can
change
the
color
of
the
lines,
for
instance,
the
town
lines
are
dotted
to
some
degree
dash
and
stuff.
So
you
can.
You
can
set
up
what
you
want
there
and
that's
another
part
of
the
template,
meaning
right
now,
there's
no
template.
This
is
just
how
how
it
started.
So
this
is
one
of
the
most
important
things
is
just
start
out
by
saying
what
is
it
that
you
actually
want
to
do?
B
And
then
just
color
code
them
on
anything.
I
don't
really
care
just
pick
a
pick,
a
value
like
percent
black
or
something
well.
Well,
let's
not
do
that.
Let's
go
to
hartford
first.
B
Okay,
so
now
just
color
code,
the
vtds
there
for
just
percent
black
would
be
fine.
B
And
again,
you
have
multiple
options
here
from
the
standpoint
of
how
you
want
to
display
you.
Can
you
know?
Ultimately,
you
know
you
can
define
your
own
breaks
or
not,
but
so
you
can.
You
could
have
this,
for
instance,
and
it's
not
just
because
it's
percent
black
it
could
be
percent
democrat
or
whatever,
but
you
can
have
whatever
values
you
think
are
going
to
be
useful
for
the
district
kind
of
thing
that
you're
looking
for.
B
Okay,
now
so,
let's
find
okay
here,
here's
a
town,
we're
gonna
find
without
actually
zooming
in
now.
Obviously
there
are
a
lot
of
towns
in
some
places.
People
don't
know
where
they
are
so,
let's
find
litchfield
town
now
and
do
that
through
looking
looking
it
up
in
the
data
view
and
then
zooming
from.
B
There
so
we
go
to
the
county
subdivision,
table
or
layer
and
we'll
open
up
a
right,
and
then
you
can
do
this.
Multiplex
see
there.
You
go.
Oh
that
was
so
quick,
but
and
the
trick
here
is
now,
for
instance,
in
connecticut
there
isn't
here,
but
they're
like
hartford,
there's
a
harford
town,
there's
a
hartford
city.
You
got
to
be
careful
exactly
what
you're
looking
for.
But
if
you
don't
know
an
area,
that's
the
easiest
way
to
get
there,
especially
in
a
larger
state.
B
Now
again,
if
you
had
incumbent
information
in
here,
you
would
have
that
already
showing
up
as
well
plus
if
we
actually
had
previous
districts
here.
We
would
see
that
as
well
too.
Now
that
kind
of
goes
back
to
the
the
one
of
the
aspects
of
you
know.
What's
what
are
the
first
things
you
want
to
look
at?
You
know
when
you
start
a
plan
now
the
first
question
there
is
really
you
know
what
kind
of
plan
are
you
going
to
have?
Is
it
going
to
be
a
plan?
B
That's
you're,
starting
from
scratch
or
you've
got
something
from
from
a
previous
like
the
current
plan
or
something,
and
then
you
got
to
decide
exactly
what
kind
of
stuff
you
want
to
have
aside
from
the
showing
up
here.
In
fact,
let's
go
to
well,
why
don't
we
just
zoom
in
in
lid
field
and
do
your
community
of
interest
tool
now,
so
everything
we've
seen
so
far
has
been
a
predefined
geographic
layer
that
basically
came
from
the
census
bureau,
although
massage
by
mattitude,
to
get
into
their
their
software.
B
Now,
if
you
have
communities
of
interest
which
could
be,
I
think
a
perfect
example.
Would
be
like
neighborhoods
if
you
want
to
get
to
the
point
where
you
want
to
consider
different
types
of
areas,
but
it's
not
a
predefined
area
or
layer.
You
can
use
the
community
of
interest
tool
and
establish
a
new
layer
that
basically
has
these
the
communities.
B
As
the
excuse
me,
the
areas
you
pick
as
a
community
of
interests,
it's
fairly
easy
to
do
and
they've
cleaned
up
the
process
of
doing
a
little
bit
this
time
too.
So,
basically,
is
just
another
layer.
We
treat
it
as
as
a
normal
layer
and
then,
when
you
run
a
report
that
lists
the
geography
in
the
district,
it
will
tell
you
whether
you
split
the
community
of
interest
or
not
too
so
that's
useful,
because
a
lot
of
times
like
a
community
of
interest
in
the
sale
of
connecticut
is
obviously
the
town.
B
B
A
B
B
You
and
I
are
on
the
same
page.
There
we
go
yeah,
okay,
so
well,
okay,
now
what
are
the
numbers
showing
up
on
the
screen?
This
is
the
deviation
for
the
current
plan.
Yes,
this
is
the
enacted
house
plan.
Okay,
so
okay,
we'll
go
to
the
report
tab
in
the
plan
managers
and,
let's
just
see
what
other
reports
we
have
to
run.
B
Okay,
so
obviously
now
these
are
just
alphabetical
by
the
the
the
name
of
the
report.
So
obviously
a
lot
of
the
community
of
interest
we
were
just
talking
about
continuity
report
is
a
fairly
simple
thing,
but
it's
one
of
those
things.
You
should
run
just
to
make
sure
that
fact
the
districts
do
actually
hold
a
common
piece
of
geography.
B
Core
constituencies
is
basically
a
way
to
compare
plans.
This
is
especially
useful
if
you
have
a
state
that
has
nested
districts
and
you
want
it,
and
you
want
to
basically
no
matter
how
you
get
the
nesting
done.
This
is
a
way
to
look
at
it
at
the
end
of
the
day
and
make
sure
that
in
fact,
it's
there
district
statistics
is
just
another
way
of
listing
several
different
things.
Now,
there's
also
the
efficiency
gap,
and
you
can
move
down
a
little
bit
too
on
on
the
list.
B
There
are
a
couple
of
the
metrics
here
that
are
new
that
have
been
a
result
of
litigation
from
from
the
last
cycle
and
such
and
there's
a
there
are
several
others
that
there
are
split
the
playing
components
and
such
and
psw
for
peter
watson.
B
B
A
new
one
here
is
the
travel
contiguity,
which
is
a
nice
little
feature
from
the
standpoint
of
looking
at
the
concept
that
you
know,
a
district
is
really
only
contiguous
if
you
can
in
fact
get
there
everywhere
without
crossing
the
district
line,
not
that
you
couldn't
get
there
more
easily
by
crossing
the
district
law,
another
district
into
another
district,
but
the
question
is:
can
you
in
fact
do
it?
B
So
that's
that
I
mean,
I
think,
that's
pretty
much
it
from
the
standpoint
of
I
mean
it's.
There
are
a
lot
of
nice.
Things
in
this
is,
as
I
said,
a
lot
of
it.
The
core
is
going
to
be
standard
from
the
standpoint
of
what
the
functionality
is,
but
it
does
in
fact
allow
you
to
do
things
a
little
more
efficiently.
B
So
you
of
course,
would
think
that
people
would
just
start
the
current
plan
and
move
move
forward,
which
is
in
case,
in
fact,
what
happened
in
most
cases
when
the
legislature
is
involved,
but
of
course,
if
you're,
not
the
legislature
and
you're
just
starting
from
scratch,
because
you
think
tabula
rasa
would
be
a
good
way
to
start.
Then
you
have
a
different
approach,
so,
for
instance,
if
you're,
if
you're
doing
a
brand
new
plan,
you
want
to
start,
you
want
to
think
about
where
the
hardest
parts
are
going
to
be.
B
A
river
is
frequently
immovable
because
there
are
no
bridges,
there
may
be
ferries,
but
we've
had
issues
with
that
before
mountains
and
highways
mountains,
specifically
because
a
lot
of
times
you
just
can't
get
there
highways
based
upon
you
know
it
may
be
the
same
thing
like
down
in
the
middle
of
the
city.
B
It
may
be
quite
difficult
to
cross
the
highway,
so
things
like
that.
You've
got
to
consider
before
you
just
kind
of
go
willy-nilly
and
say
I'll,
just
start
in
the
middle
or
I'll
start
with
the
leader's
district
or
whatever,
but
that
will
have
a
an
impact,
obviously
on
how
the
map
ends
up,
because
it's
you've
at
least
taken
care
of
some
of
the
hard
areas
at
the
outset
and
trust
me
doing
a
plan.
B
His
district
ended
up
looking
nothing
like
it
was
beforehand
now
in
his
defense.
He
wasn't
in
the
middle
of
the
state,
so
he
kind
of
got
chewed
up
all
over
the
place,
but
again
they
didn't
start
with
his
district
and
say
this
is
going
to
stay
sacrificed,
so
some
of
the
basic
concepts
that
that
the
public
may
have
about
how
a
district
should
stay
the
same,
don't
actually
end
up
in
reality.
Working
now.
That
brings
up
another
tip,
which
is,
if
you
have
a
plan
that
you
are
seeking
support
from
incumbents
of
either
side.
B
You
know
just
an
incumbent,
you
want
to
be
careful
how
complete
it
is
before
you
show
it
to
them,
because
they
may
get
buy-in
on
it
right
away.
I
like
that
a
lot,
that's
great!
Okay,
but
of
course
you
know
what
are
you
gonna
do
when
two
weeks
later,
you
come
back
and
say:
well,
you
know
your
district,
didn't
look
anything
like
you
thought
it
was
gonna.
Look!
So
that's
just
a
kind
of
a
political
perspective.
B
B
They
saw
the
four
or
five
towns
smaller
towns
that
were
in
their
district.
They
didn't
really
think
too
much
about
whether
it
was
like
a
circle
or
not,
which
is
largely
what
most
of
the
compactness
scores
look
at.
So
the
point
is
you
got
to
think
about
that
stuff
as
well?
The
the
only
key
I
think
on
that
is,
as
with
many
things
avoid
the
ugly.
B
It
draws
the
eye
now
again
it
only
draws
the
eye
to
the
people
who
look
at
the
plan.
The
plan
is
done
because,
no
matter
what
if
in
fact
it's
a
legislative
plan,
meaning
not
that
that's
any
different
than
a
plan
drawn
outside
the
legislature,
except
that
in
this
case,
you've
had
151
eyes
looking
at
it
already,
so
you
may
have
found
something,
but
if,
but
again
that's
basically
not
the
thing
that
most
incumbents
will
look
at
now.
B
B
But
if
you
again
are
doing
the
you
know,
tabula
rossi
perspective,
which
is
you
can
just
take
any
of
a
million
ensemble
plans.
Well
then,
you
know
that's
all
different
story,
so
I
guess
we've
we're
pretty
much
to
the
point
where
we
can
start
to
take
questions,
or
perhaps
there
will
be
other
things
we
could
show
with
the
software
if
we
have
any
any
questions
along
those
lines,
so
I
guess
that's
the
first
question:
do
we
have
any.
A
The
questions
that
we
did
have
tracy
was
able
to
answer,
so
anybody
have
any
questions.
Please
feel
free.
B
B
Any
any
reasoning.
Software
worth
itself
can
open
that
and
export
that,
so
it
doesn't
really
matter
software
wise.
The
only
advantage
you
would
really
have
is
that,
in
fact
you
may
be
able
to
call
somebody
more
quickly,
but
the
advantage
of
this
and
one
of
the
things
I
like
about
this
is
since
I
work
for
myself
on
this
stuff.
Is
you
don't
need?
I
mean
aside
from
support
caliper,
and
they
have
training
sessions
and
stuff
like
that?
You
don't
need
support
to
do
this
stuff.
B
B
Now,
in
some
states,
preaching
geography
is
done
by
the
state
in
other
states,
it's
collected
only
from
the
towns
or
the
counties,
so
there
is
life
to
it
after
redistricting,
but
it
doesn't
really
matter
whether
you
use
the
same
software
as
anybody
else,
except
from
the
standpoint.
You
can
speak
the
same
common
language
and
you
can
probably
I
don't
know
tracy.
You
might
speak
this,
but
I
mean
I
suppose
they
have
some
sort
of
site
license
or
something
they
could
do
that
as
well.
B
For
but
that's
a
business.
B
B
Now
again,
if
you,
if
you
weren't
in
the
previous
session
ensemble,
we
did
hear
a
little
bit
about,
and
basically
this
is,
as
I'm
saying,
the
automatic
districts,
the
millions
of
maps
or
whatever
the
ability
now
because
of
the
basically
the
increase
in
computer
power
with
super
computers
is
you
can
because
they're
just
as
as
mooned
as
you
said
on
the
previous
thing,
they're
like
six
trillion
zillion
I've
forgotten
what
it
was
already
quadrillion
choices
just
for
a
very
simple
kind
of
map.
B
Edges
is
basically
just
kind
of
make
out
for
the
smoothing
aspect
of
lines
and
whether
things
have
been
cut
around
the
edges
that
a
computer
didn't
really
think
about,
because
it
just
gave
that
as
an
option.
So
you
have
tolerance
things
you
can
add
for
that
as
well
too,
so
that
at
least
gives
the
gives
you
a
sense
of
doing
that.
B
And
then
again
you
can
have
let's
go
to
the
the
layer
box
and
do
do
the
landmark
thing.
I
just
want
to
show
you
there
there
are.
B
B
A
lot
of
landmarks
will
show
up
so
that
in
fact
you
can,
you
know,
get
a
better
perspective
on
where
you
are
in
the
district
and
and
so
these
show
up
like
this-
and
obviously
you
can
say
everybody
knows
who
the
dunking
donut
says:
okay,
okay,
get
that.
B
B
There
you
go
so
this
is
something
that's
really
a
not
new
the
cycle,
but
much
more
improved
than
last
cycle,
because
last
cycle
we
had
two
problems.
One
was
just
that,
in
fact,
the
geography
was
very,
it
did
not
align
with
census
bureau
geography,
but
this
is
what
what
I
mentioned
earlier
about:
tax
parcel
maps
and
such
now
see
this
is
good
because
you
can
see
the
actual
houses.
Now
that's
useful
again
from
the
standpoint
of
that,
in
fact,
it
helps
everybody
figure
out
where
everything
is
now.
B
This
might
prove
useful
from
the
standpoint
this
time,
when
you
get
your
pl
94
data
and
with
disclosure
avoidance
added
to
it,
you
can
look
at
a
block
and
count
up
the
number
of
housing
units
in
that
block.
More
or
less.
Some
of
them
may
be
two
family
homes
you're,
not
for
sure
just
basically
this
way,
but
the
basic
issue
here
with
the
pl
94
data.
This
time
is
that
and
before
I
forget
it
note
up
in
the
upper
at
the
top
of
the
middle
grid,
there
was
as
district
is
one
ten
and
a
hundred.
B
B
B
B
B
You
don't
really
know,
because
their
whole
point
is
they're
trying
to
disclose
to
avoid
disclosed
disclosure
they're
trying
to
avoid
having
personally
identifiable
information
discoverable
going
back
to
the
super
computers,
because
there
are
so
many
cross
tabulations
available
from
the
bureau
for
multiple
products
that
theoretically
people
can't
very
clever
data.
Scientists
can
replicate
the
personal
information
from
the
standpoint
of
who's
in
each
block.
They
can't
tell
each
house
from
the
census
numbers
because
that's
even
though
the
data
are
collected
by
housing
unit,
that
information
is
not
given
out
now
was
there.
A
Yeah
we
have
two
one
is
from
madeleine.
She
says,
I'm
a
newbie,
but
I
don't
understand
the
point
of
numbering
districts.
B
B
And
vermont
the
only
three
I
can
think
of
right
now
they
use
actually
the
part
of
the
county
name,
so
it
would
be
like
virtue,
one
or
berkshire
franklin,
one
things
like
that.
But
otherwise
the
point
is
you
have
to
you
have
to
uniquely
identify
them
somehow
it's
just
that
numbers
seem
to
make
the
most
sense.
B
But
again
there
are
a
handful
of
states
that
don't
do
that
and
then
there
are
a
handful
of
states
that
have
other
difficult
situations
or
different
situations.
I
guess
not
necessarily
difficult.
For
instance,
connecticut
here
has
a
has
36
members
in
its
senate,
151
in
the
house
for
the
assembly,
so
those
the
districts
don't
nest.
Obviously
from
the
number
it
wouldn't
appear
that
they
do
in
some
states,
of
course,
idaho
or
arizona.
A
B
A
Tracy
we
do
have
one
from
center
clark.
What
sampling
methods
does
maptitude
use
to
generate
ensembles.
B
Not
well
there
you
go
like
I
said
so
from
the
standpoint
of
the
tips
and
tricks,
and
you
know
where
you
start
out
and
stuff
like
that.
It
really
depends
on
where
you
are
when
you
start
again,
even
if
you're
not
going
to
use
it.
B
Even
if
you
don't
take
the
perspective
that
you
want
to
just
modify
the
current
plan,
it's
still
useful
to
look
at
the
current
plan
with
the
population
deviations,
because
there
are
two
aspects
of
that
one
is
you
want
to
see
the
degree
to
which
population
shifts
in
the
state
means
that
you
may
in
fact
lose
an
entire
district
at
one
part
like
down
here.
Maybe
you
lose
a
an
entire
district,
basically
on
population
from
the
northeast
corner,
which
is
the
rural
corner
here
down
to
greenfield.
B
Greenwich.
Excuse
me
down
in
fairfield
county
now,
that's
not
probably
much
of
a
problem
if
it's
only
one
district,
but
in
some
states
it
may
be.
You
know.
Let's
say
you
have
a
hundred
districts,
you
may
have
actually
two
or
three
seats
worth
of
people
that
used
to
be
up
in
the
northeast,
but
now
should
be
down
in
the
southwest.
B
So
that's
an
issue
because
you've
got
to
decide.
There
are
two
basic
ways
to
do
that:
either
you
roll
things
down
along
the
the
river
or
the
edge
or
whatever.
However,
you
get
there,
so
you
kind
of
affect
log
districts
or
you
just
basically
take
one
district
out
so
say:
district
151
is
now
going
to
be
down
in
fairfield
county.
So
that's
something
you
want
to
look
at.
The
other
aspect
is
you
can
use
the
the
population
that
you
get
from
the
census?
The
you
know
when
and
so
say
that
the
deviation
excuse
me.
B
Now
it
what
that
means
is
basically,
for
instance,
some
of
those
towns
that
were
26
000.
That's
probably
means
it's
like
probably
1.1.
Member
but
the
towns
that
were
like
5
000
were
like
point
three
point:
two:
five
percent:
no,
let's
see
what
well
whatever
it
is,
and
you
could
then
have
a
number
that
basically
is
close
to
it.
That
is
referenced
at
one.
So
if
it
says
that
the
the
town
is
worth
0.4,
then
okay
and
you've
got
another
0.4
next
to
it.
Well,
there's
0.8!
B
So
is
there
a
0.2
somewhere
well
right
over
here,
there's
another
one,
so
it's
just
a
simple
way
to
kind
of
combine
things
in
your
head
without
having
to
have
a
calculator.
So
that's
just
kind
of
a
trick
that
is
useful
from
the
standpoint
of
figuring
out
where
the
population
went
and
then
how
would
what's?
What's
the
easiest
way
to
move
that
population
from
one
area
of
the
state
to
another.
A
A
In
that
hour,
you
will
hear
from
moon
duchen
and
sam
hirsch,
through
their
latest
research
related
to
redistricting
you'll,
learn
about
algorithms
that
are
intended
to
measure
the
bra
compliance
and
more
and
then
the
second
optional
session
is
gis
and
data
handoff
come
and
learn
about
the
geographic
information
systems
that
are
used
to
create
redistricting
maps
and
when
those
files
are
then
turned
into
words
into
a
bill
and
sent
to
election
officials.
So
please
join
us
for
one
of
those
sessions
and
a
reminder
that
we
have
trivia
tonight.