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From YouTube: NCSL Redistricting Seminar | The Census and Your Dataset
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A
Morning
and
good
afternoon,
everybody
and
welcome
to
ncsl's
virtual
redistricting
seminar.
This
session
is
the
census
and
your
data
set.
We
want
this
to
be
an
interactive
experience
for
all
of
you,
so
I'll
briefly
go
over
a
couple
of
the
key
features
of
the
page
so
to
the
right
of
the
screen.
Where
you
can
see
me:
you'll
notice,
the
tabs
that
say
chat
and
q
a
the
the
chat
function
is
to
allow
you
to
interact
with
colleagues
attending
this
session.
A
So
this
is
an
opportunity
to
ask
some
of
the
more
technical
questions
that
you
may
have
about,
what
kinds
of
data
go
into
a
redistricting
data
set
and
what
is
the
role
of
the
census
data
in
that
data
set,
and
so
to
answer
that
we
have
our
speakers
today,
which
are
james
whitehorn,
who
is
the
chief
of
the
redistricting
and
voting
rights
data
office
at
the
u.s
census
bureau,
and
we
have
carl
mcdonald,
who
is
the
director
of
california
statewide
database
at
the
university
of
california
berkeley
and
both
of
them
have
multiple
decades
in
this
field.
A
So
we
are
just
very
excited
to
have
them
with
us.
Today.
You
can
read
more
details
about
their
experience
in
the
bios
down
below
lower
on
this
page,
but
you're
not
here
to
hear
me
you're
here
to
hear
them.
So
without
further
ado,
I
will
hand
it
over
to
you
james.
B
B
But
I
wanted
to
thank
them
for
an
ncsl
overall
for
giving
us
a
venue
to
interact
with
the
important
stakeholders
that
are
the
state,
legislators
and
state
legislatures
which
are
critical
to
the
census.
Redistricting
data
program.
B
So,
as
we've
conducted
the
registering
data
program
over
the
last
five
decades,
this
being
the
fifth
decade
of
the
program's
existence,
the
geographic
areas
desired
that
have
been
indicated
to
us
by
the
states
have
been
the
census.
Tabulation
blocks
census
blocks.
For
those
of
you
who
aren't
familiar
with
census.
Geography
are
the
very
smallest
piece
of
geography
for
which
the
census
provides
numbers
and
creates
tabulations
from
you
can
think
of
them
as
sort
of
the
legos
in
which
every
other
geography
that
census
reports
are
built.
B
B
We
collect
both
of
these
through
a
geographic
exchange
program
that
we
run
with
the
states
in
the
early
part
of
the
editing
data
program
so
well
before
the
data
is
created
and
it's
done
on
a
voluntary
basis.
So
we
do
have
blocks
for
the
entire
country
because
we
create
those
as
something
that's
needed
for
the
census,
but
the
voting
districts
are
only
for
those
states
that
chose
to
participate
in
that
program
and
then
we
go
on
and
we
collect
legislative
and
congressional
districts.
We
now
collect
them
state,
legislative
and
congressional
districts.
B
We
now
collect
them
on
a
two-year
cycle,
except
for
the
year
of
the
census.
So
we
didn't
collect
the
117th
and
the
2020
legislative
districts,
but
we
will
collect
them
again,
we'll
reach
back
out
to
the
states
for
118th
congress
in
the
2022
state,
legislative
district
elections
and
the
reason
we
do
that
is
to
make
sure
that
we
can
continue
to
provide
value
from
the
census
in
reporting
statistics
for
those
areas.
B
So
by
managing
the
program
and
under
the
the
public
law
94171,
it
establishes
several
requirements
that
we
we
have
to
meet.
One
is
we
have
to
establish
the
program
criteria.
That
is
the
the
way
we're
going
to
interchange,
that
geographic
data
and
how
that
will
be
managed.
That's
part
of
what
we
do.
The
second
part
is
to
identify
the
required
tabulations
from.
C
B
B
Part
is
that
we
have
to
conduct
the
program
in
a
nonpartisan
manner
and
the
way
we
do
that
is
we
reach
out
in
the
very
beginning
of
the
program,
so
typically
the
year
ending
in
five.
We
reach
out
to
each
state
legislature,
and
we
ask
for
both
the
majority
and
minority
parties
to
agree
on
who
can
represent
the
state
in
a
non-partisan
manner
and
that's
the
person
that
we
interact
with
for
that
geographic
exchange
and
for
other
questions
and
interactions
that
we
need
to
do
with
the
state.
B
The
person
doesn't
have
to
be
non-partisan.
Just
both
parties
have
to
agree
that
the
person
can
represent
the
state
in
a
non-partisan
manner
and
then
finally,
the
last
charge
under
the
law
is
that
we
have
to
deliver
the
tabulations
to
the
governor
or
officers
and
public
bodies
with
the
initial
responsibility
for
legislative
apportionment
or
districting.
So
essentially,
whoever
is
in
charge
of
redistricting.
We
have
to
get
the
data
to
them
no
later
than
one
year
from
census
day
and
we're
going
to
talk
about
that.
Because
of
the
challenges
of
this
particular
decennial.
B
B
You
know
what
kind
of
data
to
expect
to
receive
and
there's
a
link
on
this
slide,
and
so,
when
ncsl
sends
these
slides
out
after
the
the
meetings
are
over
I'll
make
sure
they
have
a
copy
of
them.
There's
a
link
there
that
can
get
you
directly
to
those
prototype
data.
If
you
want
to
work
with
them
now,
it's
been
mentioned
publicly
by
the
census
bureau
that,
in
order
to
deliver
the
apportionment
counts
as
soon
as
possible,
we've
decoupled
some
activities
that
would
have
happened
together
but
were
needed
for
redistricting
and
not
for
apportionment.
B
It's
likely,
but
not
yet
official-
that
rather
than
doing
a
multi-tiered
weekly
delivery
of
a
group
of
states
each
week
for
subsequent
weeks
over
the
course
of
six
weeks,
which
was
our
original
plan.
As
you
can
see
on
the
slide
for
the
official
data
original
plan
of
february
18th
march
31st
that
we
will
instead
do
one
national
release
where
all
the
data
will
be
prepared
and
released
simultaneously.
B
As
soon
as
I
have
those
dates
and
timelines
and
the
final
expectations
for
for
what
you've
been
you
can
expect,
we
will
be
communicating
that,
through
our
official
liaisons
to
the
stakeholders
that
are
issuing
data
program,
which
includes
through
mcsl,
specifically
the
redistricting
and
elections
committee
and
then
also
to
the
public,
but
I
do
have
one
bright
spot,
which
is
that
the
geographic
products
are
on
their
way.
We
expect
to
start
delivering
them
by
january
22nd
and
we
will
complete
delivering
them
to
all
the
states,
the
district
of
columbia
and
puerto
rico.
B
And
what
are
those
geographic
products?
So,
if
you're
not
familiar
with
the
geography
that
comes
from
the
census
bureau,
the
most
critical,
probably
for
people,
especially
people
involved
with
state
level
redistricting-
are
the
shape
files.
These
are
the
geographic,
the
digital
geographic
files
that
are
used
in
a
geographic
information
system,
so
they
allow
you
to
operate
with
and
manipulate
and
modify
the
data
that
you're
trying
to
work
with
through
a
gis
system
or
geographic
information
system.
B
The
second
product
that
we're
going
to
be
putting
out
are
maps.
These
are
pdf
based
maps
that
are
designed
to
be
printed
on
plotters.
There
will
be
county
block
maps
which
will
be
a
series
of
maps
for
every
county.
That
shows
enough
detail,
so
you
can
identify
every
block
within
those
counties,
a
state
legislative
with
voting
district
map
which
will
show
each
state
legislative
district
and
the
voting
districts
that
are
related
to
that
district
track
maps.
This
is
our
sort
of
stable
geography
across
time.
B
We
also
have
block
assignment
files
that
come
with
something
called
a
name
lookup
table
as
well.
These
are
just
listings,
so
you
would
get
a
listing
of
in
the
places
block
assignment
file.
It
would
have
a
listing
of
all
the
blocks
in
the
state
and
then
what
place
or
incorporated
place
was
associated
with
that
block,
and
then
we
have
a
crosswalk
file,
which
is
the
2010
to
2020
cross
block,
and
this
is
designed
to
allow
people
to
sort
of
move
data
between
the
two
decennials
if
they
need
to
do
that
sort
of
comparison.
B
This
is
just
a
quick
example,
so
you
can
see
like
the
the
maps.
They
have
a
lot
of
detail.
They
show
a
lot
of
features
so
that
they
can
give
you
sort
of
that
figure
ground
to
understand
what
you're
looking
at,
but
they
are
designed
to
be
used
for
folks
who
need
to
have
that
graphical
representation,
representation
for
a
specific
area,
the
block
assignment
files,
as
I
mentioned,
they
have
all
the
blocks
listed.
B
They
have
the
associated
geographic
code,
for
whichever,
in
this
example,
it's
the
county
subdivision,
which
would
be
the
equivalent
of
the
township
in
new
england
or
in
in
the
upper
midwest,
and
then
the
name
lookup
table
has
the
same
code
available
in
it,
and
then
it
also
has
the
textual
information
so
that
it
makes
it
easier
to
work
with.
If
people
are
more
name
oriented
rather
than
code
oriented
the
shape
files,
we
produce
a
large
number
of
shape
files.
We
produce
several
different
types
of
shape:
files
for
american
indian
alaska
native
areas.
B
We
do
the
individual
census,
blocks,
block
groups
and
census
tracts,
which
is
sort
of
our
nesting
set
of
statistical
geography
and
then
several
other
areas
of
interest.
Of
course,
your
state
legislative
districts,
the
current
most
current
ones,
that
we
have
in
census
voting
districts,
those
precincts
that
we
we
collected
and
you'll
notice
on
here-
that
we
have
state-based
files
and
county-based
files
and
there's
replication
between
the
two.
That's
merely
a
usability
issue
for
data
users.
B
We
recognize
it,
although
our
charge
is
to
states
and
state
legislative
redistricting,
that
a
lot
of
localities
will
also
have
to
use
this
data,
and
so
rather
than
then
force
them
to
use
a
state-based
file,
we're
going
to
provide
these
files
also
at
the
county-based
level.
So
that
makes
it
easier
for
them
to
use.
They
don't
have
to
use
this
large
data
set.
It
makes
it
easier
to
process.
B
So
the
actual
data
itself,
what
people
can
expect?
So
this
is
actually,
if
you're
familiar
with
the
2010
census.
This
should
be
very
understandable
to
you,
but
I'll
run
through
it
in
case
you're.
Not
the
first
five
tables
you
see
here
are
all
exactly
the
same
as
what
we
produced
for
the
2010
census.
The
feedback
we
got
from
the
2010
census
was
that
that
data
was
was
appropriate
and
and
satisfied
the
needs
of
people
for
redistricting.
So
we
continue
to
create
those
tables.
B
You
have
the
race
table
the
race
for
the
voting
age,
the
hispanic
or
latino,
not
hispanic
or
latino
by
race,
and
then
the
same
for
the
voting
age
and
then
a
housing
table
with
occupancy
status,
and
then
a
group
quarters
population
by
group
quarters
type.
The
last
table
is
a
new
table.
The
group
quarters
table
and
that's
going
to
only
have
total
population.
It
won't
have
demographic
breakouts,
but
what
it
will
do
is
allow
you
to
identify
both
the
location
of
where
census
said.
B
So,
to
give
you
an
example
of
what
you'll
see
when
you
open
up
one
of
these
files
and
you
look
at
the
data
inside
and
how
it's
structured
for
the
race
table,
you'll
have
a
listing
of
whatever
the
respondent
selected.
So
ever
since
census,
2000
respondents
can
select
one
or
more
races.
There
are
six
major
race
categories,
so
someone
can
select
one
race
and
they
would
show
up
and
where
you
see
the
population
of
one
race
and
also
in
the
specific
race
which
they
chose.
B
If
they
chose
two
races,
they
would
obviously
show
up
in
the
next
group.
This
is
two
or
more
races
with
the
combination
that
they
chose
and
that
file
gets
iterated
all
the
way
down
to
the
end
where
it
has
a
population
of
six
races.
Where
someone
who
chose
that
they're
a
member
of
all
six
in
order
to
do
the
one
for
total
population,
we
just
use
a
universe
of
total
population,
meaning
the
entire.
The
total
population
is
used
to
create
these
categories
for
the
one
that
is
for
the
voting
age
version.
B
This
is
very
similar
to
what
we
do
for
the
hispanic
or
latino
and
not
hispanic
or
latino
by
race
tables,
except
for,
if
someone
chooses
hispanic
or
latino
as
their
ethnicity,
because
in
census,
organization,
hispanic
or
latino
is
an
ethnicity
and
not
a
race.
If
they
choose
that
as
their
ethnicity,
they
are
automatically
counted
in
the
hispanic
or
latino
group.
B
Then
all
the
other
people
who
have
said
they
are
not
hispanic
or
latino
are
iterated
in
the
same
manner
as
what
you
saw
in
that
previous
race
table
and
then
again
we
just
swap
in
the
total
population
18
and
over
to
extract
the
people
who
belong
in
those
categories
for
the
voting
age
population
for
the
other
table
for
the
housing
unit
table.
It
gives
you
a
count
of
the
total
number
of
housing
units
and
it
tells
you
whether
they
were
occupied
or
vacant.
B
So
this
is
information
that
people
find
very
useful
when
they're
evaluating
the
data
to
make
sure
that
they
feel
that
it's
appropriate
for
the
use
that
they're
working
with
and
it
matches
up
with
their
understanding
on
the
ground.
The
second
table,
which
I
already
mentioned
a
little
bit,
talked
about
a
little
bit.
Is
the
group
quarters
population
table
again?
B
So,
in
addition
to
that
group
quarters
table
to
assist
those
states
who
must
modify
their
data
by
reallocating
population
from
group
quarters
prior
to
conducting
and
redistricting
we're
going
to
provide
additional
support
for
the
use
of
what
we
call
the
census,
geocoding
service,
the
geocoding
or
service,
and
for
those
of
you
who
aren't
familiar
with
geocoding.
That's
the
the
operation
of
taking
an
address
and
identifying
a
place,
a
point
in
in
in
space
based
on
that
address.
B
So
the
geocoding
service
will
return
the
same
supplied
table
of
addresses
that
are
given
to
us
from
from
the
user
from
the
state.
But
it
will
provide
a
latitude
and
longitude
coordinate
and
it
will
also
indicate
the
associated
census.
Geography
down
to
the
census
block
for
every
address,
that's
supplied.
B
B
But
we
are
setting
up
what
we
call
a
specific
redistricting
web
page
with
additional
information
and
suggestions
on
the
use
of
the
geocoder.
For
folks
who
are
using
it
for
this
redistricting
purpose
and
also
to
assist
states,
if
an
official
state
representative,
that's
working
on
redistricting,
has
a
list
of
greater
than
10
000
addresses,
because
we
know
that
that
is
quite
likely,
especially
if
you're
from
a
large
state,
and
they
need
to
go
that
for
redistricting
purposes.
B
They'll
be
able
to
submit
that
to
the
census
bureau
through
our
secure
web
incoming
module,
and
then
the
census
bureau
will
run
it
internally
against
that
external
geocoder
in
a
batch
mode,
when
server
resources
are
more
available
and
that
way
there
won't
be
the
issue
that
external
users
have
of
a
10
000
address
limit.
That's
the
the
largest
number
of
addresses
that
the
census
bureau
can
provide
a
decent
response
through
that
tool,
if
you're
doing
it
through
over
an
ip
type
address
situation.
B
B
The
official
redistricting
data
will
remain
the
same
from
the
census
and
it's
not
it
doesn't
link
to
census
person
records
it
links
to
our
our
address
ranges
which
are
created
by
associating
the
road
segments
and
the
census
universe
to
the
master,
address
file
points
and
the
large
batch
solution
that
I
described
where
the
state
can
give
us
more
than
10
000
addresses
and
we'll
run
it
internally
and
return.
B
The
file
is
not
going
to
be
available
to
the
public
and
it's
only
available
to
to
folks
working
from
the
state
angle
as
a
redis
part
of
the
registration
system
for
that
state,
and
it
uses
the
same
geocoding
system
as
we
have
externally.
It's
not
using
some
special
internal
version.
It's
just
using
the
same
one
and
we're
doing
it
on
the
back
end,
but
it
does
help
states
because
they
can.
B
It
allows
you
to
use
the
geo
address
list
and
then
the
the
unique
identifier
to
match
that
address
record
up
to
other
data
that
you
have
about
the
person
or
persons
that
you
are
trying
to
reallocate
and
the
reason
we
have
to
have
these
sort
of
strictures
on
here
that
I'm
describing
is
there.
B
There
are
certain
ways
that
if
the
census
bureau
receives
addresses
and
we
handle
them,
they
become
title
13,
and
so
we
wouldn't
be
able
to
return
information,
very
information
that
you're
trying
to
get
so
by
by
putting
this
sort
of
strict
protocol
into
how
this
will
be
handled
and
what
we
will
and
won't
do.
It
allows
us
to
avoid
that
that
that
situation.
B
So
how
is
the
data
actually
going
to
get
to
the
states,
so
the
census
bureau
considers
the
official
recipients?
If
you
remember
language,
about
those
bodies
with
the
initial
responsibility
for
redistricting
and
then
governor
is
also
specifically
spelled
out.
So
our
interpretation
of
that
over
the
years
has
come
to
be
the
governors,
the
legislative
leadership
of
both
chambers,
both
minority
and
majority
parties,
any
redistricting
commissions-
if
they
exist,
have
commissioners
named
and
have
an
address
that
we
can
send
things
to.
B
B
The
dvd
and
the
flash
drive
have
the
exact
same
data
on
them,
we're
just
giving
it
in
case
you
you,
a
lot
of
people,
don't
have
optical
drives
for
dvds
anymore.
We
wanted
to
make
sure
people
had
both
options,
but
we're
also
going
to
be
doing
something
called
an
embargoed
access
to
our
data.census.gov
platform,
which
is
our
our
current
online
platform
for
disseminating
census
data.
B
B
B
This
has
the
full
data
explorer
functionality
that
we've
built
into
this
new
tool.
We've
asked
for
something
called
large
data
download
to
be
part
of
this
data.census.gov
platform,
which
will
allow
a
data
user
to
select
all
blocks
in
state
for
all
the
tables
that
are
in
the
registering
data
file,
and
they
can
pull
that
down
all
at
once.
So
this
is
a
much
improved
download
situation
than
was
available
last
decade,
where
you
could
only
do
one
county
at
a
time.
B
We'll
also
still
have
our
expert
version
for
the
ftp
users
or
for
for
people
who
want
to
get
the
full
package
of
the
summary
file
for
every
level
of
geography
for
which
we
calculate
these
are
text
files,
the
relational
database
tables.
They
all
have
a
common
linking
field.
B
We
had
a
geo
header
and
two
data
segments
in
2010.
We
now
have
three
because
we've
added
that
additional
table,
so
we
needed
room
for
it.
The
geo
header
contains
all
the
geographic
information
the
other
files
contain
the
tables,
the
data
tables
and
all
of
these
files,
and
I
need
to
point
this
out
if
you're
looking
at
that
prototype
data.
This
is
one
thing
that
is
different
from
that
prototype
data
they're
now
stored
as
pipe
delimited
text
files,
which
includes
the
geoheader.
B
B
B
B
The
smallet
unit
of
geography
in
this
data
set
will
be.
The
block
group
remember,
I've
said
blocks.
Are
the
legos?
A
block
group
is
sort
of
a
larger
piece
of
geography,
which
is
a
collection
of
blocks
and
that
block
group
will
be
the
2010
census
version
of
the
block
groups,
and
that's
because
this
data
it
comes
from
the
american
community
survey
five-year
estimates
that
were
created
from
the
years
2015
to
2019,
so
they
they
haven't
hit
that
2020
mark.
B
But
there
are
plans
to
publish
another
cvap
based
on
the
2020
census,
using
administrative
records
for
the
citizenship
characteristic,
we're
still
working
out
the
publication
date.
It
has
to
come
after
redistricting
because
it
needs
some
of
the
redistricting
inputs,
so
it's
sort
of
in
the
same
situation
as
the
redistricting
data,
but
there's
two
main
differences.
B
The
this
other
product
will
include
the
sum
of
the
race
alone
category,
which
makes
it
more
compatible
with
table
p4
from
the
redistricting
data.
That's
not
a
category,
that's
in
the
acs
and
then
it
will
also
be
published
at
the
block
level,
so
it
will
be
published
down
at
that
individual
lego
level,
using
the
2020
geography,
so
it'll
nest
nicely
within
all
the
other
2020
census
geographies.
B
And
where
can
people
get
all
this
data?
It
will
be
scattered
around
in
different
places
on
the
census
bureau's
website.
But
what
we
try
to
do
in
my
office
is
create
a
clearinghouse
for
the
redistricting
specific
data.
So
if
you
go
to
the
www.census.gov
rdo,
you
can
see
that,
on
the
left
hand,
side
there's
a
voting
rights
tab
in
the
great
box.
If
you
go
there,
you
can
get
to
the
cvap
and
the
section
203
data,
which
is
something
else
my
office
produces.
B
A
That
great,
thank
you
so
much
james,
karin
I'll,
throw
it
over
to
you
to
talk
and
then
after
you're
done
karin.
I
will
start
taking
questions
from
the
audience.
We
have
quite
a
few
already,
so
I'm
sure
we'll
get
more
issues.
C
Thank
you
so
much
ben
and
james
christie,
wendy
ncl,
sl
team
and
also
orlando
our
producer
for
making
this
a
very
smooth
meeting
and
thanks
for
having
me
again,
my
name
is
karen
mcdonald
and
I
am
the
director
of
the
redistricting
database
for
the
state
of
california
and
I'm
going
to
walk
you
through
some
user
perspectives
on
how
to
build
redistricting
data.
What
goes
into
a
redistricting
data
base
and
then
also
talk
about
some
practical
implications
that
we're
confronting
with
this
particular
census.
C
C
We'll
talk
a
tiny
little
bit
about
geography,
and
some
of
this
is
of
course
repeating
various
aspects
of
james's,
very
thorough
presentation.
C
I
am
going
to
be
showing
a
couple
of
maps
and
I
won't
go
too
much
into
into
geography,
because
you
know
one
could
talk
about
geography
for
many
hours
and
there's
just
not
enough
time
for
this
today
and
then
we'll
talk
about
what's
actually
in
a
redistricting
database
and
then
I'm
going
to
move
forward
to
talking
about
census,
2020.
C
What's
new,
we'll
talk
about
differential
privacy
and
accuracy
of
the
data-
and
I
know
that
the
speakers
in
the
first
session
today
have
already
touched
upon
that,
then
the
question
is
what
could
census
do
now
and
then?
Finally,
I'll
conclude
with
takeaways
and
some
action
points
for
everyone.
So
let's
get
started
with
redistricting
criteria
and
again
there
was
either
a
session
earlier
or
there
will
be
a
session
later,
where
redistricting
criteria
are
discussed
in
much
more
detail.
C
So
I'm
just
going
to
give
you
some
of
the
highlights,
which
are
that
most
redistricting
criteria
are
quite
ubiquitous,
you'll
find
them
in
pretty
much
every
redistricting,
no
matter
what
level
you're
on
it
starts
with
equal
population.
Of
course,
then
there's
compliance
with
the
voting
rights
act.
Those
two
items
are
not
up
for
discussion,
then
you'll
see
contiguity,
so
essentially,
districts
need
to
be
in
one
piece:
compactness
is
very
frequently
mentioned,
which
relates
to
the
shape
of
the
district.
C
Then
there
is
preserving
counties
or
other
political
subdivisions,
for
example,
cities
or
places,
as
the
census
calls
them,
and
then
there's
respecting
communities
of
interest.
Ncsl
has
a
really
great
web
page
about
redistricting
criteria
and
they're
listing
the
use
of
redistricting
criteria
for
all
states.
So
you
can
see
how
frequently
these
particular
criteria
are
used
and
then,
when
you
go
to
this,
others
that
are
less
common
section
you'll
see
that
the
criteria
that
I'm
listing
here
are
just
not
as
ubiquitous
but
nevertheless,
of
course,
everyone
has
heard
about
them.
C
Nesting,
for
example,
refers
to
taking
a
couple
or
so
of
the
lower
level
seats
and
then
combining
them
to
an
upper
level
seat
in
california,
for
example.
That
means
that,
if
practicable
or
if
you
can
do
it
essentially
without
violating
other
criteria,
you
take
two
of
the
assembly
districts
and
you
you
combine
them
to
make
up
a
senate
district,
then
there's
maintaining
cores
of
districts.
C
C
The
next
criterion
is
compliance
with
the
federal
voting
rights
act
data
for
that
again,
the
pl
94171
data
file-
that
is
the
block
level
data
set
that
james's
office
puts
out.
Then
there
is
a
statement
of
registration,
so
it's
voter
registration
and
the
statement
of
the
vote
and
then
there's
citizen
voting
age
population
from
the
american
community
survey
that
you'd
also
be
using
contiguity
for
contiguity.
You
also
use
census,
geography
and
compactness.
You
use
census
geography.
These
are
two,
of
course,
geographic
criteria,
preservation
of
counties
and
political
subdivisions.
C
C
You
will
not
get
these
data
from
the
census,
though
you
will
most
likely
be
using
census,
geography
to
map
your
communities
of
interest
so
for
communities
of
interest
you
will
be
taking
public
testimony
and
then
you'll
use
data
or
geography
that
are
submitted
by
the
public
and
then
you'll
merge
that
into
your
geographic
data,
set
data
for
the
less
common
criteria,
while
nesting
you'd
have
to
have
a
set
of
districts
to
be
able
to
create
nested
districts.
C
Of
course,
so
you'll
likely
be
drawing
one
set
of
districts
first
and
then
you'll
figure
out
whether
or
not
you
can
nest
them
or
you'll.
Do
it
somewhat
interactively
that
depends
on
you
know
how
you're
working
with
your
consultant
or
your
commission
and
then
there's
maintaining
cores
of
districts.
For
this,
you
need
the
existing
district,
so
the
ones
that
are
in
in
operation
right
now
and
then,
of
course,
you're
also
using
census,
geography
again,
if
you're
not
to
pair
incumbents.
C
You
have
to
first
know
where
your
incumbents
are
so
you'll
need
incumbent
addresses
to
then
avoid
doing
that
and
what
you
would
do
is
you
would
geocode
them
most
likely
into
again
the
census,
geography
to
figure
out
where
your
incumbents
are
you
do
that
in
various
ways
you
know
some
people
put
a
little
dot
onto
a
map
so
that
they
know
this
is
where
an
incumbent
lives
and,
and
then
they
avoid
doing
that.
Well,
not
favoring,
incumbents
or
parties.
C
There's
no
data
set
listed
behind
it
because
one
way
to
do
it
is
to
just
not
look
at
any
data.
So
if
you're
not
looking
at
any
data,
then
you're
not
favoring
any
incumbents
or
parties,
because
you
simply
just
don't
know
where
the
parties
or
the
incumbents
are
and
then
there's
finally
competitive
districts.
C
C
Finally,
this
is
not
really
a
criterion,
but
this
is
something
that
people
many
many
states
actually
will
have
to
do,
and
that
is
they
have
to
reallocate
prisoners,
and
that
is
of
course,
also
something
that
james
has
touched
upon
earlier
in
his
presentation,
and
that
is
why
the
geocoder
was
made
available
by
the
census
and
data
for
that
you
will
get
from
your
local
department
of
corrections
and
then
you
would
have
to
apply
that
to
the
census
data
set
once
you
release,
receive
the
data
from
james.
C
So
a
couple
of
notes
about
geographies,
because
we're
now
going
away
from
the
raw
data
sources
to
you
know
how
do
you
actually
put
all
of
this
together?
The
data
sets
that
I
mentioned
are
released
on
different
geographies.
So
I
think
we
all
know
that
voting
data
voting
results
are
released
on
the
election
precinct
level.
C
James's
data
are
reported
on
the
census
block
level,
then
there's
other
data
sets
that
are
released
on
census,
block
groups
and
tracts,
and
then
voter
registration
is
usually
reported
on
the
individual
level,
so
that
gets
geocoded
the
census.
Geography
is
a
magical
geography
set.
I
think
it's
maintained
by
the
census
bureau.
C
For
many
states
it
is
something
where
we
participate.
We
collaborate
with
the
census
to
make
sure
it
actually
reflects
our
geography
on
the
ground,
so
through
block
boundary
suggestion,
for
example,
we
participate
and
make
sure
we
get
the
block
boundaries
that
we
need
and
it
stays
constant
for
10
years,
which
is
really
pretty
fantastic.
C
Considering
that
election
geography,
oftentimes
changes
and
then
precinct,
geography
of
course
is
maintained
by
local
election
officials
and
what
are
precincts,
they
are
organizing
units,
just
like
census
blocks
are
really
organizing
units
for
census.
Precincts
are
organizing
units
for
local
election
officials
that
they
use
to
conduct
elections
and
then
release
results
in
some
states
like
california,
they
change
all
the
time.
C
For
some
of
you
who
are
not
in
california,
you
are
very
lucky.
If
your
precincts
don't
change
that
much
because
that
means
you
have
a
lot
less
work,
but
for
those
of
us
who
have
states
where
precincts
change
for
many
many
different
reasons,
this
becomes
a
real
problem
because
you
are
going
to
want
to
look
at
your
data
on
the
same
geography,
because
otherwise,
how
can
you
compare
over
time?
C
So
this
is
here
an
illustration
and
I
I
again
don't
want
to
go
into
too
much
detail,
but
I
know
that
this
powerpoint
is
going
to
be
available
for
you.
So
if
you
want
to
reference
it
later,
this
is
just
a
little
illustration
for
what
block
boundaries
and
precincts
look
like
in
california
and
many
other
places
and
that
they
don't
correspond.
You'll
see
that
the
the
grayish
line
is
a
precinct
boundary
and
then
the
red
dotted
lines
are
blocked
boundaries
for
a
section
of
california
and
there's
not
a
lot
of
overlap.
C
This
is
a
census
block,
for
example,
that
is
split
among
three
precincts,
so
to
figure
out
what
your
voters
are
in
each
census
block
or
what
your
census
block
population
is
in
each
precinct
becomes
an
issue,
and
that
is
where
your
redistricting
database
comes
in,
so
a
redistricting
database
solves
the
problem
of
conflicting
and
frequently
changing
geographies.
C
What
it
does
is
it
contains
various
data
sets
and
it
merges
them
and
then
releases
them
on
the
census
block
level.
Why
the
census
block
level
because
again,
remember
the
census,
block
geography,
stays
constant,
doesn't
really
change
in
10
years,
which
is
great.
So
if
you
have
something
on
the
census
block
level,
you
can
build
your
districts,
and
you
know
you
have
some
stability
in
your
data
set
typically
minimally.
C
C
It
will
contain
citizen
voting
age
population
because
you
need
that
for
federal
voting
rights
assessments
and
maybe
other
criteria,
you'll,
have
statement
of
vote
data
again
same
reason
and
then
statement
of
registration
data.
So
this
is
minimal
and
this
is
basic,
and
this
is
what
you
get
everywhere
in
some
states
that
particular
data
set
will
be
adjusted
with
the
reallocated
prisoner
data.
What
does
that
mean?
C
It
means
that
we
take
data
that
are
reported
for
prisoners
in
group
quarters
we'll
take
them
out
of
the
group
quarter
and
we
will
reallocate
them
to
their
last
residential
address
prior
to
incarceration.
So
that's
the
very
simple
way
of
explaining
that
project
communities
of
interest
are
typically
in
a
separate
data
set.
Why
is
that?
Because,
generally
you
end
up
collecting
information
about
communities
of
interest
throughout
the
process
and
oftentimes
redistricting
data
sets
are
built
in
advance,
so
you
won't
have
community
of
interest
data
and
they're
also
a
little
bit
different
beast.
C
C
Disclosure
avoidance
consists
of
measures
to
protect
respondents,
privacy,
you've,
you've
heard
james
talk
about
title
13,
title
13
is
is
a
very
important
issue
that
the
that
really
is
at
the
heart
of
what
census
does
census
wants
to
make
sure
that
nobody
can
be
identified
from
the
data
that
they
are
releasing
so
previous
censuses
employed
data,
swapping
for
privacy,
protection
and
swapping
is
like
a
relatively
simple
method
that
swaps
data
attributes
to
avoid
identification
of
individual
respondents,
but
differential
privacy
is
really
a
totally
different
beast.
C
C
C
We
really
have
an
unknown
release
date
for
even
the
apportionment
data,
so
this
is
one
issue
that
we're
all
grappling
with,
because
it
of
course
affects
everybody's
timeline.
I
mean
a
few
years
ago,
we're
all
sitting
there
we're
thinking.
Okay,
we
know,
what's
going
to
happen,
we'll
get
our
data
on
that
particular
date
and
then
we
can,
just
you
know,
implement
our
redistricting
as
usual,
and
none
of
that
is
true
anymore.
C
So
it's
it's
been
interesting
times,
but
then
part
of
these
interesting
times
is
also
that
we
have
data
quality
issues
now
and
those
data
quality
issues
are
pretty
well
documented
problems
that
concern
census
data
collection.
C
C
They
were
changing
and
significantly
condensed
timelines
that
forced
an
elimination
of
some
quality
control
measures,
and
you
know
you
add
that
to
the
new
disclosure
avoidance
system,
I.e,
differential
privacy
and
what
you're
getting
is
significant
concerns
about
the
quality
of
the
data
set,
that
the
census
is
planning
to
release,
and
I
could
not
emphasize
this
more.
This
is
really
an
issue.
This
is
really
something
that
everybody
should
be
thinking
about.
C
C
C
Data
sets
using
differential
privacy
in
2019,
so
what
they
did
is
they
applied
differential
privacy
methods
to
the
2010
data
sets,
and
then
let
you
know
the
public
and
expert
users
take
a
look
and
and
see
whether
these
these
data
were
working,
whether
they
were
any
good,
and
so
they
released
one
data
set
in
2019
and
then
an
additional
three
test
data
sets.
C
Since
then,
every
data
every
test
data
set
they're
called
demonstration
products
has
had
significant
data
problems
and
also
biases
that
will
impact
all
aspects
of
using
these
data
from
redistricting
to
voting
rights,
to
funding
allocations,
and
while
census
has
been
able
to
improve
some
of
these
issues,
many
of
them
remain
and,
as
some
issues
were
addressed
by
census,
new
problems
appeared
census
has
also,
unfortunately,
and
when
I
say
census
right
now,
I'm
not
talking
about
james.
I
should
really
make
this
very
clear.
C
The
census
is
a
huge
operation
and,
as
I
said
to
james
earlier,
there's
really
I
look
at
census
as
a
series
of
train
stops
and
james
is
pretty
much
the
last
train
station.
So
this
differential
privacy
methodology
gets
dealt
with
at
a
different
train
station
and
it
is
before
it
gets
to
james's
office.
So
when
I'm
saying
census
has
not
been
transparent
about
the
details
of
the
methodology
and
about
testing,
I
am
not
talking
about
james,
I'm
talking
about
the
people
that
are
working
on
the
differential
privacy,
algorithms.
C
Here
are
some
examples
of
the
currently
known
issues
differential
privacy
at
this
point,
for
example-
and
these
are
really
just
you
know
some
some
very
broad
highlights-
if
you
can
call
it
a
highlight
differential
privacy
at
this
point,
it
increases
minorities
in
high
concentration,
minority
areas
and
it
decreases
minorities
in
lower
minority
population
areas,
so
that
can
create
significant
problems
for
voting
rights
assessments
and
for
implementation
and,
as
you
all
know,
if
you
have
ever
tried
to
to
draw
a
majority
minority
district,
you
know
you
need
some
accuracy
in
your
data.
C
You
really
do
and-
and
I
we're
just
not
sure
that
we're
gonna
get
that
so
it
changes
also.
The
total
population
numbers-
and
this
is
going
to
be
very
important
for
our
smaller
jurisdictions
or,
for
example,
for
states
that
have
a
lot
of
like
small
counties,
the
smaller
the
geography,
the
larger
the
changes
in
total
population.
C
C
So
what
could
census
do
now
to
improve
the
data?
I
know
we're
saying
it's:
20
21
people.
What
can
you
possibly
do
at
this
point?
Well,
actually
you
can
do
a
lot
for
one
census
and
again
james
has
been
fantastic
and,
when
I
say,
engage
in
an
open
dialogue,
we
have
most
certainly
had
an
open
dialogue
with
james.
James
is
still
our
access
point
to
census.
C
You
know
any
in
any
communication
that
goes
to
census.
He
will,
if
you
send
it
to
james
he'll,
make
sure
it
gets
to
the
right
train
station,
so
engage
in
an
open
dialogue
with
outside
stakeholders
about
potential
alternatives
or
perhaps
significant
modifications
of
the
differential
privacy
methodology.
C
We
just
think
that
there
are
some
significant
problems
here
and
I
think
we've
all
shown
and
seen
that
there
are
significant
problems.
So
you
know
we
need
to
do
something
about
this.
User
groups
such
as
state
demographers
and
academics
have
proposed
various
options
to
improve
the
data,
but
we
can't
test
it
because
census
has
this
data
set,
so
census
has
to
essentially
implement
these
data,
and
then
we
can
take
a
look
at
it.
C
So
if
census
can
test
the
suggestions,
such
as
spinning,
for
example,
which
means
that
one
would
consolidate
some
of
the
data
categories
that
are
released
in
the
pl94
data
set
that
james
showed
earlier
and
then
release
additional
demonstration
products
that
can
be
evaluated
by
outside
experts.
That
would
be
a
real
great
help.
C
Censors
should
also
consider
using
administrative
records
to
improve
the
reapportionment
counts.
If
they're
not
using
administrative
records
to
improve
the
reapportionment
counts,
then
these
records
can't
be
used
to
improve
the
redistricting
data.
So
our
message
should
be:
take
your
time
use
administrative
records.
You
have
been
collecting
them,
use
them
for
reapportionment,
so
they
can
also
be
used
for
redistricting
and
then
finally,
and
most
importantly,
to
do
all
of
that
census
would
have
to
go
back
to
the
extended
schedule
that
was
proposed
last
year
and
then
use
that
time
to
improve
the
disclosure
avoidance
system.
C
So,
finally,
here
are
my
takeaways
and
action
points.
The
most
important
thing
to
remember
is
that
the
census
is
not
over
stay,
informed
and
involved
and
ask
questions,
support,
census,
staff
and
census
operation
by
requesting
that
they
be
given
sufficient
time
to
produce
the
best
possible
data
write
to
the
transition
team
weigh
in
with
your
congress.
People
to
make
this
request.
C
The
census
bureau
is
sensitive
to
public
input,
contact
the
bureau
to
express
your
concerns
about
the
problems
with
disclosure
avoidance
and
data
quality.
You
can
do
this
in
various
ways
you
can
let
the
census
bureau
also
know
that
we
expect
transparency
and
timely
explanations
about
data
anomalies,
as
many
of
you
probably
know,
census
just
said
that
the
reapportionment
counts
are
going
to
be
even
later
because
they
have
discovered
data
anomalies.
C
We
don't
know
what
those
data
anomalies
are.
It
would
be
really
helpful
to
know
what
they
are.
What
census
is
dealing
with,
so
that
we
can
assess
whether
these
data
are
going
to
be
working
for
us
and
then,
finally,
to
do
all
of
that,
you
know
contact
your
state
demographer.
If
you
don't
want
to
go
to
census
yourself
or
ncsl
to
join
with
groups
that
are
raising
alarms
about
census
data
quality.
C
There
are
many
many
groups
that
are
working
on
this,
but
it
has
still
not
really
hit
the
general
public
enough
to
to
raise
the
stakes
a
little
bit
more.
So
I
think
it
would
be
really
helpful
to
do
that
and
then
finally
remember
so
going
back
to
your
redistricting
process,
you
can
get
started
with
your
redistricting
process
even
prior
to
receiving
census
data.
So,
while
census
is
hopefully
going
to
take
more
time,
work
on
the
disclosure
avoidance
system
and
improve
the
data
considerably,
you
can
do
some
other
things,
because
we
have
unknown
data
release
dates.
C
You
need
to
be
flexible.
You
need
to
rethink
your
roadmap,
I'm
sure
many
of
you
have
done
that
already.
Here
are
some
of
the
things
you
can
get
started
with.
You
can,
for
example,
figure
out
how
to
hold
remote
public
input
hearings
in
the
age
of
covet.
I
mean
we're
all
seeing
that
this
is
all
dragging
out
a
lot
longer
than
and
we
had
feared
and
so
remote
public
hearings
are
are
going
to
be
a
thing.
So
how
do
you
do
that?
C
You
can
prepare
your
other
data
sets,
for
example,
deal
with
the
prisoner
data.
I
assure
you
that
when
you're
getting
a
prisoner
data
set
from
your
department
of
corrections,
there
will
be
some
cleanup
that
you'll
have
to
do
so.
You
have
the
time
to
do
that.
C
C
Finally,
as
james
mentioned,
the
citizen
voting
age
population
data
set
will
be
released
very
soon
in
just
a
few
weeks,
so
you'll
get
that
before
the
pl
94
and
you
could
use
that
for
some
preliminary
voting
rights
assessments.
So
you
know
what
you'll
be
dealing
with
once
you
get
the
pl
data
and
once
you
can
actually
start
drawing
your
lines
and
most
of
all,
please
stay
safe
and
healthy,
and
I
wish
all
of
you
a
happy
redistricting
and
james
and
I
are
available
for
questions.
So
thank
you.
A
Thank
you
so
much
card,
and
you
know
as
someone
who
is
an
attorney
and
came
into
redistricting
through
the
legal
side,
this
data
conversation
can
often
be
somewhat
confusing.
So
I
really
appreciate
how
you
and
james
made
this
clear
and
concise
and
we're
able
to
communicate
all
of
this
within
a
50-minute
time
window.
So
just
thank
you
for
that.
I'm
I'm
very
appreciative
and
concerning
the
number
of
questions
that
we
got
in
the
audience
chat,
I
can
tell
that
the
audience
was
engaged
and
appreciated
what
you
were
saying
as
well.
So
thank
you.
A
I'm
gonna
just
make
the
executive
decision
to
extend
this
session
by
about
five
minutes,
so
we'll
go
to
1
20
eastern
time,
just
to
make
sure
that
we
can
get
some
more
questions
in
the
before
I
do,
though,
I
wanted
to
mention
that
we
have
a
call
at
ncsl
with
the
census
bureau
coming
up
on.
I
believe
it's
january
27th
we're
going
to
have
a.
I
think,
kathleen
sykes
from
the
census
bureau
is
going
to
be
on
that
call
and
christy.
A
If
you
wouldn't
mind
putting
that
in
the
audience
chat,
I
would
appreciate
that
so
that
they
can
see
exactly
how
to
sign
up
for
that
and
can
participate
and
that's
open
to
everyone.
It's
not
just
legislators,
legislators
and
legislative
staff.
A
So
with
that
I'll
just
start
going
through
these
questions,
the
most
upvoted
one
is
from
hanzi
law
wong.
Who
is
the
census
reporter
for
npr?
This
is
for
james,
and
the
question
is:
why
is
the
bureau
considering
one
national
release
of
redistricting
data
instead
of
a
multi-tiered
release
by
states
or
two
states.
B
So
thanks
yeah,
I'm
happy
to
answer
that
question.
It's
mostly
a
consideration
of
risk
and
timing.
So
by
not
doing
the
multi-week
release,
we're
able
to
reclaim
three
weeks
and
the
ability
to
get
the
data
out
to
all
states.
B
As
I
mentioned
during
my
presentation,
the
redistricting
data
can't
get
started
until
we
have
the
outputs
of
apportionment,
and
we
now
know
that
apportionment
is
running
late.
We
also
know
that
there
were
things
that
we
normally
would
have
done
as
we
prepared
for
apportionment
to
at
the
same
time
as
for
creating
redistricting
that
we
had
to
delay
so
we're
now
gonna
have
to
incorporate
that
so
we're
looking
for
efficiencies
wherever
we
can
and
what
this
does
is.
A
Great,
thank
you
james,
so
the
next
one
is
for
you
as
well,
and
the
question
is
which
states
did
not
participate
in
the
voting
district
project.
This
cycle.
B
The
the
three
states
that
did
not
participate
at
all
guards.
We
got
a
guilty
look
on
our
face,
but
it's
all
right:
it's
voluntary,
california,
oregon
and
hawaii,
and
then
we
have
partial
coverage
in
west
virginia
and
maine.
The
registered
the
voting
district
project
is
conducted
on
a
county
by
county
basis
within
the
state,
and
so
we
have
some
counties
in
west
virginia
and
some
in
maine.
But
we
don't
have
all.
C
A
Great
and
then
I'm
going
to
jump
down
just
because
this
question
is
directly
related.
But
what
is
the
distinction
between
a
voting
district
and
a
voting
tabulation
district?
And
this
is
from
senator
bin
clark.
B
Yes,
glad
to
see
drawn
here,
senator
clark
enjoyed
meeting
you
at
ncsl
several
years
ago,
they're,
essentially
the
same
thing.
We
we
used
vtd
just
so
it's
a
more
socially
acceptable
acronym.
Instead
of
just
be
the
promoting
district
and
over
time
some
people
have
interpreted
the
t
to
stand
for
tabulation,
but
essentially
voting
district
and
voting
tabulation
district
are
describing
the
same
geography.
A
Great,
thank
you
and
then
this
question
is
from
tyler
dukes.
Who
is
a
reporter
with
the
news
and
observer
in
north
carolina
he's
asking
at
what
point?
Does
the
redistricting
file
data
become
public?
So
not
embargoed,
as
you
mentioned,.
B
A
Great,
thank
you.
This
question,
I
think,
is
for
both
of
you
we'll
start
with
james,
but
then
I
car
and
I
want
to
loop
you
in
as
well,
so
this
is
from
marilyn
smith
and
sorry.
Maelyn
smith
and
malin
is
asking
what
about
potential
voters
that
may
not
have
an
address
and
the
examples
that
she
cites
are
people
who
are
homeless
or
people
who
don't
have
an
address,
for
example,
in
on
a
reservation
in
indian
country,
is
there?
Is
there
something
that
the
bureau
does
to
address
that
james
and
then
car?
B
My
information
about
what
we
do
in
indian
country
is
actually
a
little
more
limited.
I
do
know
that
we
do
extensive
outreach
to
work
with
the
tribes
to
both
garner
their
cooperation
and
to
ensure
that
we're
meeting
their
needs
for
conducting
the
enumeration
our
regional
offices
to
actually
do
that.
Work
would
probably
be
the
best
to
to
get
a
response
on
that.
So,
if
you
want
to
send
me
when
you
get
the
slide,
my
email
will
be
on
there.
A
Great
thanks,
karin
you
want
to
pass
on
that
yeah,
okay.
So
the
next
question,
karen,
I
think,
is
for
you
and
I
want
you
to
talk
about
california
specifically,
but
if
you
also
have
any,
I
know
that
a
lot
of
the
census
and
registering
folks
were
all
in
communication
with
each
other.
A
So
if
you
have
any
other
examples,
you'd
like
to
share-
that's
that's
welcome,
but
senator
ben
clark
again
is
asking:
are
there
any
states
that
are
doing
a
model,
job
of
actually
identifying
and
including
communities
of
interest
in
the
redistricting
process?.
C
C
My
office
has
designed
a
community
of
interest
tool
that
is
like
a
one-trick
pony,
it's
a
little
app
that
people
can
use
on
the
web
or
on
their
phone
to
identify
their
community
of
interest
and
then
send
their
community
of
interest
directly
to
our
redistricting
commission
in
2011.
That
was
all
done
largely
manually.
C
C
A
model
is
when
you
figure
out
ways
by
which
people
can
give
you
community
of
interest
information
in
as
many
different
ways
as
possible
and
that
you're
open
to
receive
them
so,
whether
that
be
a
napkin
or
via
a
an
app.
It's
all
good.
A
A
Groups,
some
of
them
are
district
builder,
dave's,
redistricting,
district
or
they're.
Just
that's
an
example
of
many.
So
if
people
want
to
look
those
up
in
addition
to
the
ones
that
are
produced
by
states
like
card
is
talking
about
in
california,
I
would
I
would
encourage
everyone
to
google
that
yeah.
C
Yeah,
I
just
wanted
to
clarify
that
dave's
is
actually
a
redistricting
application.
So
what
I
was
talking
about
is
just
a
one-trick
pony,
I.e,
it's
not
a
redistricting.
You
can't
draw
a
district
on
it.
You
can
just
basically
draw
your
community
of
interest
on
it,
so
that
that's
why
I
kind
of
pick
this
one
out
and
yes,
there
are
a
couple
of
groups
that
are
working
also
on
similar
one
trick
ponies.
C
A
Great
well,
thank
you
so
much
karen
for
that
clarification
and
with
that
everybody
unfortunately
we're
out
of
time-
and
I
know
that
james
and
karen
are
happy
to
continue
to
answer
questions
that
anybody
may
have,
so
you
can
reach
out
to
them.
I
just
have
a
couple
of
different
things:
I'd
like
to
plug,
which
are
tomorrow
night
we're
going
to
be
having
a
trivia
session
with
tim's
story,
our
executive
director-
and
he
sent
a
note
saying
please
promote
it.
A
I
I
love
seeing
all
of
the
people,
so
please
go
attend
the
trivia
session
tomorrow,
karin
and
james
not
required,
but
we'd
love
to
see
you
on
trivia.
That
could
be
a
lot
of
fun
and
there
will
be
prizes
for
the
the
winning
teams.
Everyone
will
be
assigned
to
a
team
randomly
there's,
no
experience
level,
that's
required.
A
The
the
goal
of
the
trivia
session
is
not
to
have
a
competitive
trivia
game.
It's
to
have
a
nice
casual
way
to
get
to
know
your
fellow
conference
attendees
and
it's
hard.
A
Format
so
we're
hoping
that
you'll
participate
and
with
that.
Thank
you
so
much
again
and
we'll
see
you
all
in
about
nine
minutes
on
the
next
session
bye,
everybody.