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From YouTube: 3/23/2021 - Senate Committee on Natural Resources
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A
A
And
I
am
here,
thank
you.
We
have
gone
ahead
and
reached
quorum.
Welcome
everyone
to
the
senate
committee
on
natural
resources
now
for
anyone
who
has
not
participated
in
these
virtual
legislative
meetings.
Yet
I
will
quickly
explain
how
virtual
committee
meetings
are
being
conducted
for
the
2021
legislative
session.
As
you
know,
the
legislative
building
is
currently
close
to
the
public,
so
all
committee
meetings
will
be
held
virtually
meaning
that
committee
members
staff
and
everyone
else
will
participate
either
through
zoom
video
conference
or
by
telephone.
A
However,
there
are
various
ways
that
members
of
the
public
can
engage
with
us
and
participate
throughout
the
pro
this
entire
process.
As
in
previous
sessions,
all
committee-related
information
is
available
on
the
nevada
electronic
legislative
information
system
commonly
referred
to
as
nullis,
which
can
be
accessible
from
the
legislature's
website.
There
are
four
ways
that
you
can
engage
with
our
committee.
A
Members
of
the
public
must
first
register
for
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meeting
that
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would
like
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committee
meetings
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several
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nullis
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Simply
click
on
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participate
button
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the
meeting
date
and
time
then
go
ahead
and
fill
out
the
required
information
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your
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Once
your
registration
is
submitted,
you
will
see
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confirmation
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and
you
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receive
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email
and
a
phone
number
and
a
meeting
id
to
call
at
the
time
of
the
meeting.
A
Just
as
a
note
that,
while
meeting
registration
is
required
to
participate,
it
does
not
guarantee
you
a
spot
to
speak
today,
similar
to
previous
sessions.
Testimony
and
public
comment
may
be
limited
due
to
time
constraints.
When
you
are
on
the
phone
line,
please
pay
attention
to
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direction
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pps.
So
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know
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key
depressed
to
raise
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hand
and
mute
yourself.
A
Epsilon
staff
will
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by
the
last
three
digits
of
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and,
if
you
ever
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nellis.
You
can
always
feel
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out
to
us
and
my
committee
members
via
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committee's
agendas,
and
always
feel
free
to
contact
the
community
manager.
A
At
the
committee
email
listed
on
on
the
agenda
today,
the
committee
will
be
receiving
one
presentation
and
one
hearing
on
one
measure:
presentation
on
the
history
and
status
of
wild
horse
and
rural
populations
in
nevada,
starting
with
the
presentation
with
rebecca
stetson
chairwoman
of
the
coalition
for
helping
the
better
lines,
wildlife
and
free
roaming
horses.
Please
proceed.
E
Okay,
thank
you
chairman
danatay.
Today,
dr
swanson
is
going
to
be
controlling
slides
for
me,
so
dr
swanson,
whenever
you're
ready,
I
am.
D
E
Rebecca
stetson
for
the
record
honorable
chairman,
donate
and
members
of
the
natural
resources
committee.
Thank
you
for
gifting
me,
some
of
your
valuable
time
and
attention
for
my
presentations
this
afternoon.
I'm
an
ecosystem
health
consultant
by
trade,
as
well
as
the
chairman
of
the
coalition
for
healthy
nevada,
lands,
wildlife
and
pre-arming
horses.
E
I
am
a
native
nevadan
and
I
grew
up
riding
horses
to
the
wild
places
of
northern
nevada
and
the
relationship
that
I
had
with
my
horse,
whose
name
was
lollipop,
is
still
one
of
the
most
in-depth
and
kindred
friendships
that
I
have
ever
had
between
the
ages
of
12
and
17.
I
was
allowed
to
ride
miles
out
of
sight
of
civilization
gone
all
day,
just
my
horse
and
me.
E
It
was
these
years
of
exploring
that
gave
me
a
deep
love
for
horses,
and
it
made
me
a
lifelong
lover
and
protector
of
the
land,
the
water
and
all
of
its
critters.
In
my
early
30s,
I
started
to
notice
a
lot
more
horses
on
the
land
and
they
didn't
always
look
healthy.
It
was
then
that
I
started
to
get
really
curious
as
to
what
was
going
on
and
how
it
could
help.
E
So
I
think
that
we
can
all
agree
that
we
want
to
see
healthy
horses
running
free
on
our
beautiful
open
ranges
in
nevada
that
symbol
of
freedom
is
under
serious
threat.
As
evident
in
this
first
slide,
this
picture
may
come
as
a
shock
to
some
of
you
who
are
used
to
seeing
fat
and
happy
horses
that
live
at
the
urban
wildland
interface,
like
the
virginia
range
of
horses
that
are
seen
between
reno
and
carson
city.
E
These
horses,
which
are
fed
much
and
frequently
by
humans,
are
not
necessarily
representative
of
the
horses
across
the
state
of
nevada.
In
the
last
12
months,
emergency
gathers
were
carried
out
in
nevada
in
response
to
horses
that
were
dying
of
dehydration
and
or
starving
to
death,
an
extremely
slow
and
painful
way
to
meet
your
demise.
E
Many
horse
advocates
consider
blm's,
roundups,
inhumane
and
a
death
by
starvation,
and
dehydration,
where
we
do
nothing
to
me,
is
the
most
inhumane
death
horses
and
bros
could
face.
These
animals
are
part
of
a
huge
web
of
life,
which
means
that
more
than
just
horses
and
burros
are
suffering
our
delicate
ecosystems
are
diminishing
quickly.
Water,
flora
and
wildlife
are
all
being
negatively
impacted.
E
Water
sources
which
are
always
minimal
on
our
public
lands,
are
being
decimated
by
a
driving
drying,
climate,
wildflower,
wildfires
and
unchecked
growth
of
horse
and
burrow
herds.
The
blm
has
mandated
to
manage
horses
to
aml
or
appropriate
management
level,
which
is
defined
as
what
is
necessary
to
preserve
and
maintain
a
thriving
natural
ecological
balance.
E
E
These
hmas
or
herd
management
areas
are
not
limited
to
areas
close
to
cities,
but
they
extend
the
wild
and
roughest
parts
of
nevada
and
making
it
so
that
management
techniques
cannot
be
a
one.
Size
fits
all.
As
you
can
see,
the
green
areas
are
both
horses
and
burrows.
The
yellow
areas
are
boroughs
where
you
see
a
lot
more
down
towards
las
vegas,
and
then
the
purple
are
horses
and,
as
you
can
see,
nevada
has
a
ton
of
those
animals.
E
Before
we
really
get
into
the
thick
of
this
complex
issue,
we
would
like
to
acknowledge
that
livestock
grazing
has
measurable
impacts
on
nevada's
land
health.
We
have
a
full
shed
of
tools
for
ways
to
accomplish
successful
livestock
management
to
reduce
negative
impacts
of
domesticated
livestock
on
the
land.
E
E
E
E
Velma
johnson,
known
as
wild
horse
annie
and
don
levin
were
the
strong
women
who
effectively
saved
free
roaming,
wild
horses
from
the
demise
of
their
time.
Their
main
objective
was
to
get
free
roaming,
wild
horses
recognized
as
an
element
of
the
western
public
lands
and
to
ensure
their
humane
treatment.
E
So
wild
horse
annie
particularly
wanted
to
stop
such
activity
and
to
give
horses
humane
protection
in
the
late
60s
and
70s.
There
were
not
many
wild
horses
in
nevada.
I
don't
believe
that
annie
ever
envisioned
the
extreme
number
of
horses
that
occupy
nevada
rangelands
today.
What
she
wanted
was
humane
treatment
that
would
lead
to
healthy
horses
on
the
land,
and
that
is
not
what
we
have
today.
E
Public
law,
92-195
titled,
the
wild
free-roaming
horse
and
burrows
act
of
1971
was
enacted
by
congress
in
1971,
largely
due
to
the
dedicated
efforts
of
wild
horse
standing.
The
coalition
for
healthy
nevada
lands
considers
the
act
to
be
well
crafted
with
carefully
considered
provisions
to
ensure
success
and
to
preclude
the
very
situation
that
we
are
confronted
with
today.
E
As
an
integral
part
of
the
natural
system
of
the
public
lands,
two
the
act
applies
to
public
lands
managed
by
the
blm
and
u.s
forest
service.
Three,
the
secretaries
of
interior
and
agriculture
must
manage
wild
horse
and
burros
in
a
manner
to
preserve
and
maintain
a
thriving
natural,
ecological
balance
and
multiple
use
relationship
on
public
lands.
E
For
when
the
secretary
determines
that
it
is
necessary
to
remove
excess
animals,
that
person
shall
do
so
immediately
to
maintain
the
appropriate
management
level
or
aml.
Five.
All
management
activities
shall
be
carried
out
in
consultation
with
state
wildlife
agencies
to
protect
the
natural
ecological
balance
of
all
wildlife
species,
particularly
endangered
wildlife.
E
The
wild
horse
and
brew
act
was
the
result
of
years
of
collaborative
work
by
many
people
who
desired
a
sustainable
program
to
be
successful
over
time
with
necessary
management
funding
management
tools
and
direction.
To
maintain
a
thriving
natural
ecological
balance,
it
passed
the
us
senate
98
to
zero,
while
the
program
was
initially
successful,
it
unraveled
over
time
as
management
became
entangled
in
politics
lawsuits
and
a
long
lull,
while
new
humane
tools
were
discovered
embedded
during
this
slowland
management.
E
That
has
helped
motivate
congress
and
the
blm's
report
to
congress
in
analysis
of
achieving
a
sustainable
wild
horse
and
burro
program,
which
was
published
in
2020.
This
report
seeks
a
solution
that
works
across
interests
and
we
are
thankful
for
this
report
and
know
that
more
needs
to
be
done.
Faster,
expeditious
action,
backed
by
enough
funding
from
congress,
must
be
taken
now
to
ensure
the
future
welfare
of
nevada's
wildlife
lands
and
free
roaming
horses
and
bureaus.
E
A
Thank
you
so
much
miss
edson
for
that
presentation.
At
this
time,
do
I
have
any
questions
from
any
of
the
community
members
for
the
presentation
specifically.
F
Thank
you,
chair,
donate,
hi,
rebecca
nice
to
see
you
again,
I
served
on
public
lands,
I
felt
kind
of
bad
because
I
kind
of
because
you're
new
to
the
issue-
I
probably
didn't,
give
you
the
credit
that
you
frankly
deserve
my
concern
and
I'll
express
it
to
the
committee
and
to
you
as
well.
While
this
is
a
very,
very
important
issue
to
those
of
us
here
in
nevada,
we're
actually
witnessing
the
damage
that's
occurring,
I
mean
I,
you
know
those
you
don't
know.
F
I
spent
a
tremendous
amount
of
time
in
the
backcountry
of
the
state
have
for
most
of
my
a
life
and
it's
it's
heartbreaking
to
see
the
changes
in
our
plant
communities
and
stuff
and
equally
heartbreaking
is
to
literally
see
and
I've,
seen
it
horses
starve
to
death
and
then
have
to
come
to
a
meeting
like
this,
and
have
people
accuse
me
of
being
the
inhumane
person,
because
I
suggest
they
need
to
be
rounded
up
and
managed
properly
rebecca.
The
question
I
have
is
this:
when
this
goes
back
to
congress.
F
F
There
is
a
enormous
number
of
people
back
there
who
have
a
highly
romanticized
image
of
the
wild
horse
here
in
nevada
and
make
it
very
clear
to
their
congressmen
that
they
absolutely
100
percent,
object
to
any
changes
in
policy
when
it
comes
to
the
public
domain-
and
I
know
we've
sent
stuff
back
previously
and
the
reality
is
that
the
congress,
because
of
those
political
pressures,
have
pretty
much
deliberately
ignored
this
issue
and
then
nothing
to
change
it.
F
What
what
is
your
hope?
Perhaps
you
know
I'm
trying
not
to
bring
on
the
parade
here?
What
do
you
think
has
changed
that
will
push
this
thing
forward.
You
mentioned
the
humane
society,
the
united
states
and
now
they're
behind
it,
because
we're
going
to
use
non-lethal
methods.
F
E
So
we
have
not
done
any
specific
polling
on
members
of
congress,
but
there
is
a
larger
coalition
called
freeze,
and
so
we
have
this
large
coalition.
That
is,
that
we're
affiliated
with,
and
then
we
also
have
a
variety
of
horse
advocacy
organizations
that
we're
also
in
collaboration
with
and
you're
right.
We
are
we're
geared
up
for
one
hell
of
a
campaign
and
that's
really
what
it's
going
to
take
an
education
campaign
and
as
sad
as
it
may
be
throughout
my
short
life.
E
I've
seen
that
with
serious
issues
like
this,
it
takes
things
like
horses,
dying
of
thirst
and
starving
to
death
before
people
are
willing
to
shift
what
they're
willing
to
do
and
we're
we're
at
that
place,
and
so
it's
very
bittersweet.
You
know
I
I
don't
like
to
see
it,
but
I
don't
know
that
we
would
ever
be
able
to
get
changed
any
other
way.
F
Well,
I
salute
you
for
your
efforts.
I
fully
support
this
measure
and
you
know
there's
anything
I
can
do.
I
would
love
to
be
involved
too,
to
try
to
get
this
problem
solved.
The
real
irony,
especially
chair,
donates,
since
I'm
sure
you're
somewhat
new
to
this
all
we're
really
asking
the
united
states
congress
to
do
is
obey
their
own
law.
F
A
Thank
you
senator
hansen
for
that
comment
and
just
for
clarification.
We're
entertaining
questions
right
now,
just
for
the
presentation
and
then
we'll
move
on
to
the
bill
herring
on
senate
joint
resolution.
Three,
do
we
have
any
last-minute
questions
on
the
content
of
the
presentation
before
we
move
forward?
G
Yes,
thank
you,
chair,
donati
and
senator
hanson
kind
of
kind
of
spiked.
This
comment
more
than
anything
in
the
existing
law.
There
is
a
provision
for
euthanasia,
so
we
need
to
understand.
This
is
an
alternative,
because
if
we
don't
reach
another
alternative,
the
federal
agencies
will
ultimately
be
faced
with
tax
in
tax,
with
doing
what
the
law
says
and
that
does
allow
for
euthanasia.
G
A
You
thank
you
senator
goykichir.
Do
we
have
any
other
questions
before
we
move
to
the
joint
resolution?
A
Okay,
I
don't
see
none.
So
let's
go
ahead
and
keep
moving
forward,
so
I
will
go
ahead
and
open
the
hearing
on
sjr3.
This
measure
urges
congress
to
provide
funding
to
reduce
the
wild
horse
and
rural
populations
to
appropriate
management
levels.
I
believe
it's
an
honor
to
introduce
our
next
speaker,
former
senator
david
parks,
who
will
represent
the
legislative
committee
on
public
lands
to
introduce
the
measure.
So
please
proceed
senator
parks
and
welcome
back
to
the
legislature.
H
Thank
you,
chair
donati
and
members
of
the
committee
for
the
record.
I
am
david
parks.
I
served
as
chair
of
the
legislative
committee
on
public
lands.
Last
interim,
it's
nice
to
be
with
you
again
to
present
senate
joint
resolution,
three
which
urges
congress
to
provide
funding
to
reduce
wild
horse
and
rural
populations
to
appropriate
management
levels.
H
H
Excuse
me,
the
wild
and
free-roaming
horses
and
borough
act
of
1971
authorizes
federal
agencies
to
remove
excess,
wild
horses
and
burrows
from
the
range
to
sustain
the
health
and
productivity
of
public
lands.
However,
the
committee
learned
that
horse
populations
in
her
management
areas
are
on
average
three
times
the
appropriate
management
level
at
the
public
lands
meeting
held
on
september
10th,
the
coalition
for
healthy
nevada
lands,
wildlife
and
free
roaming
horses
shared
with
the
committee
how
horses
are
adversely
impacting
ecosystem
forage,
habitat
health
and
water
resources.
H
The
reports
submitted
by
the
blm
to
congress
outlined
strategies
for
achieving
healthy
and
sustainable
populations
of
wild
horses
and
bureaus
on
public
lands.
At
the
time
the
report
was
drafted
more
than
88
000,
wild
horses
and
boroughs
were
estimated
to
be
roaming.
Blm
managed
public
rangelands
the
highest
levels
since
receiving
federal
protection
50
years
ago
in
1971.,
overpopulated
herds
are
damaging,
breezing
lands,
sensitive
water
sources
and
wildlife
habitat,
and
these
issues
are
expected
to
worsen,
as
the
population
continues
to
grow.
H
The
rise
in
pro
the
rising
program
costs
are
primarily
attributed
to
three
factors:
number
one:
inflation
number
two
holding
additional
animals
in
off-range
facilities
and
number
three
efforts
to
implement
fertility
control
by
doing
nothing.
The
blm
estimates
that
wild
horse
and
burro
populations,
unjust,
blm,
managed
public
lands
could
reach
2.8
million
by
2040.
H
H
H
A
Thank
you
senator
parks.
Next,
let's
go
ahead
and
have
sherman
swanson
phd
rangeland
and
riparian
ecology
and
management,
professor
emeritus
of
the
university
of
nevada,
reno
and
jim
settinger
phd
wildlife,
ecology,
professor
meredith,
from
the
university
of
nevada
arena.
So
please
proceed
with
both
right.
I
Thank
you,
chairman
donate,
and
the
natural
resources
committee
for
enabling
us
to
have
this
important
discussion
today
in
support
of
sjr3
for
the
record.
I
am
dr
sherman
swanson
unr
emeritus,
professor
of
rangeland,
ecology
and
riparian
ecology
and
management,
and
a
member
of
the
coalition
for
healthy
nevada
lands,
wildlife
and
free
roaming
horses
with
that
I'll
I'll
share.
My
screen
and
you've
already
seen
this
slide,
but
I'm
going
to
leave
it
up
for
a
bit
because,
as
we
emphasize,
we
don't
need
to
change
policy.
I
The
standards
for
humane
treatment
had
been
well
established
throughout.
My
career
there
have
been
many
issues
to
discuss
in
many
discussions
about
wild
horses
and
rangeland
management
on
public
lands.
The
subject
was
important
enough
in
1990
that
we
devoted
the
entire
program
to
wild
horse
management
of
our
nevada.
Section
meeting
of
the
society
for
range
management.
I
Free
roaming
horse
management
was
also
often
an
issue.
10
years
later,
when
I
served
as
the
academic
representative
to
the
blm
resource
advisory
committee,
I
remember
all
three
racks
agreeing
that
the
standard
for
rangeland
health
should
apply
to
horses
and
burrows,
as
well
as
to
other
grazing
management.
I
I
By
2007,
rangeland
managers
had
learned
to
use
monitoring
as
the
basis
for
appropriate
management
level
with
a
high
and
a
low
level.
This
enables
gathers
to
occur
just
often
enough
to
keep
horses
from
impairing
habitats
and
ecosystems
while
maintaining
sufficient
numbers
to
sustain
herds
nationally
and
almost
in
nevada.
We
had
finally
gotten
to
the
high
end
of
aml.
I
I
We
have
long
talked
of
exponential
growth
with
consistent
doublings
of
horse
numbers
and
the
near
absence
in
the
near
absence
of
effective
predation,
and
we
now
can
see
what
it
where
that
leads.
The
take
home
lesson
is
that
populations
need
management
without
consistent
and
effective
management
populations
get
to
four
times
aml,
with
only
two
doublings.
I
I
But
now
we
have
too
many
horses
in
the
wrong
places
when
too
many
horses
graze
and
trample
throughout
the
year
or
throughout
the
growing
season,
plants
die
and
water
drains
away,
as
if
in
a
pipe
as
water
drains
away.
The
green
zones
shrink
our
nevada
habitats,
especially
those
riparian
green
zones,
critical
to
wildlife,
horses
and
all
of
us
can
lose
their
ability
to
grow
the
plants
that
maintain
the
sponge
holding
water
from
infrequent
precipitation.
I
I
J
Thank
you,
sir,
to
the
next
slide.
I'm
jim
settinger,
I'm
a
foundation,
professor
emeritus
of
the
university
of
nevada
reno,
with
specialization
in
wildlife,
ecology
for
the
record.
J
Thank
you,
chairman,
donate
and
other
members
of
the
natural
resources
committee
for
hearing
our
comments
on
sjr3.
You
know
your
time
is
extremely
valuable,
and
so
I
really
appreciate
your
attention
today.
I
have
two
tasks.
First,
to
talk
about
the
impacts
of
wild
horses
and
burros
on
nevada's
native
wildlife
and,
second,
to
very
briefly
summarize
our
request
to
you,
as
contained
in
sjr
three.
J
J
J
J
To
put
this
in
a
societal
perspective
for
nevada,
a
2011
survey
found
that
more
than
600
000
nevadans
participated
in
wildlife
related
activity,
ranging
from
simply
viewing
to
hunting
or
fishing,
and
they
spent
more
than
one
billion
dollars
on
these
activities.
As
dr
swanson
just
discussed,
free
roaming
horses
have
considerable
negative
impact
on
riparian
areas
in
nevada.
J
These
areas
represent
less
than
five
percent,
and
some
estimates
are
as
low
as
one
percent
of
the
landscape,
but
they
are
critical
for
the
maintenance
of
wildlife
populations
in
nevada
because
they
are
the
areas
providing
the
nutritious
food
for
young
animals.
During
their
growth
period,
numerous
studies
cited
in
our
fact
sheet
demonstrate
that
horses
and
burrows
prevent
native
wildlife
from
getting
access
to
these
resources
or
reduce
their
access,
because
horses
are
socially
dominant
to
native
wildlife.
J
17
years
of
work
on
sage
grouse
in
nevada
by
myself
and
my
students,
every
single
chick,
and
there
were
hundreds
of
them
that
we
monitored
that
survived
was
using
a
riparian
area
or
a
higher
elevation
non-shrub
community
that
provided
green
vegetation
during
the
dry
summer.
So
these
green
areas
are
critical
to
sage-grouse.
Without
them,
the
populations
simply
disappear.
J
Recently,
dr
pete
coates
of
the
u.s
geological
survey,
gave
a
presentation
to
the
nevada
sagebrush
ecosystem
council,
in
which
he
showed
that
in
areas
where
horses
were
at
or
below
aml
sage,
grouse
were
stable
or
increasing
in
areas
where
horses
were
above
aml
sage,
grouse
declined,
and
this
work
indicates
that
aml
is
a
meaningful
management
goal
for
the
maintenance
of
ecological
balance
and
thriving
range
lands
next
slide
sherm.
Please.
J
A
Thank
you,
dr
swanson,
and
dr
seidinger
for
that
presentation,
and
also
to
senator,
let's
go
and
head
and
see
if
there
are
any
questions
from
the
committee
members
at
this
time.
Let's
go
first
with
senator
hanson.
F
Thanks
cheers
actually
and
dr
sevinger
your
your
slide
with
the
comparisons
between
the
horses
and
the
big
game.
I
assume
that's
based
on
a
a
weighted
average
right.
I
mean
that
obviously
the
population
of
deer
alone
in
nevada
about
90
000
at
the
moment.
So
I
assume
that's
a
weighted
average.
The
reason
I
bring
that
up
is
when
I
look
at
your
chart.
F
One
thing
that
I
found
kind
of
fascinating
one
thing
about
dr
coats:
he
did
some
extensive
studies,
obviously
on
sage
grouse,
and
he
was
the
one
that
kind
of
documented
the
fact
that,
because
of
anthropomorphic
food
sources,
you
had
an
artificially
high
population
of
ravens
which
are
them
impacting
sage-grouse
populations.
F
One
thing
I'm
wondering
if
you
guys
have
observed
and
I've
actually
seen
this
mountain
lion
populations
are
substantially
higher
wherever
I
found
a
large
borough
populations.
In
fact,
I've
found
mountain
lions
in
areas
that
nobody
would
think
was
mountain
lion
habitat
and
they
would
literally
live
in
our
boroughs,
and
I
know
there
was
a
case
back
in.
I
was
then
a
decade
or
more
ago
where
blm
went
in
and
rounded
up.
F
I
think
it
was
about
1400
horses
in
the
goldfield
area
and
then
just
shortly
after
that
on
stonewall
mountain,
where
they
had
a
a
really
substantial
bighorn
sheep
population,
the
population
basically
disappeared
and
what
I
think
happened
was
the
mountain
lions
that
were
actually
living
on
the
horse
and
burrow
population
when
their
food
supply
was
literally
rounded
up.
All
at
once
shifted
over
to
to
stonewall,
mountain
and
tried
to
live
off
of
the
bighorn
sheep
and
consequently
wipe
that
population
out.
F
Have
you
guys
actually
done
any
any
studies
on
the
relationships
of
perhaps
artificially
expanded,
predation
numbers
based
on
kind
of
almost
an
anthropomorphically
provided
food
source
like
horses
and
burros,.
J
We've
also
seen
raven
issues
with
respect
to
sage
grass
that
you
referred
to
in
central
nevada
as
well
associated
with
colonizing
a
transmission
line,
but
I
would
say
you
know
some
work
that
was
done
here
by
reno
by
a
student
graduate
student
about
a
decade
ago,
where
she
had
callers
on
lions,
found
that
lions,
a
small
proportion
did
kill
horses,
but
they
tended
to
be.
You
know.
I
think
I
can't
remember
how
many
she
had,
let's
say,
25
with
radio
collars
most
of
those
were
females.
J
Well,
it's
pretty
limited
data,
but
it
does
suggest
that
lines
probably
aren't
going
to
be
a
solution
to
the
horse
issue.
Now
wolves
are
invading
nevada,
that's
a
whole
other
thing
right
because
doctor
I
don't
want.
F
To
get
up
you
know,
I
want
to
obviously
focus
on
the
bill
yeah,
and
I
wasn't
suggesting
that
you
know.
Potentially
mountain
lions
could
be
a
solution
to
the
problem.
I
do
think
there's
a
difference,
though
horses
tend
to
be
substantially
larger
than
burros,
and
I
I
have
noticed.
Mountain
lions
definitely
are
very
aggressive
with
rural
populations
yeah,
but
I
was
more
interested
in
kind
of,
as
I
noticed,
your
chart
was
going
up
with
horse
numbers.
F
The
wildlife
populations
were
going
down
and
one
of
the
factors
of
wildlife
populations,
as
you
know,
is
predation,
and
if
you
had
an
artificially
high
population
created
essentially
by
feeding
off
of
a
of
a
population
of
animals
that
are
not
native
to
the
state,
you
actually
can
have
them
also
impacting
the
the
wildlife
just
a
theory
anyway.
Thank
you
for
your
presentation,
chairman
donate,
thank
you
and
I'm
100
on
board.
With
this
whole
concept,
you
know:
we've
got
to
get
something
done.
Nevada
is
literally
being
destroyed
right
before
our
eyes.
A
Thank
you
senator
hansen,
any
other
questions
from
any
of
the
committee
members.
At
this
time.
I
Chairman
demonte,
this
is
dr
swanson
here
regarding
burroughs.
One
of
the
fortunate
aspects
of
wild
burl
management
is
that
boroughs
are
quite
adoptable.
There
seems
to
be
a
fairly
large
demand
for
them,
I
believe,
particularly
in
the
southeast
of
the
united
states.
A
F
Actually,
I
have
a
question
for
for
sherman
term
nice
to
see
you
again
question
on
that
with
with
the
borough
populations
in
particular,
I'm
glad
to
hear
that
you
think
if
we
get
four
years
and
under
don't,
we
currently
have
a
backlog
of
something
like
50,
000,
wild
horses
and
some
giant
pastures,
and
where
is
it
nebraska
or
somewhere
I
mean?
I
I
What
we're
proposing
is
that
we
add
substantially
to
it
very
quickly
and
then
stop
adding
to
those
off-range
holding
pastures.
Once
we
get
to
aml.
We
don't
believe
we'll
need
to
add
to
those
anymore,
but
right
now,
we've
got
just
far
too
many
horses
and
many
of
those
are
old
enough
to
be
unadoptable
and
they're
such
a
large
supply.
A
Thank
you
senator
hansen,
any
other
last
minute
question
before
we
proceed
to
testimony.
A
A
A
The
data
right
now
as
it
stands
is
that
the
opinion
poll
results
is
270,
277
people
for
this
bill
and
361
against.
We
received
six
telephone
calls
in
support
and
zero
against,
and
then
19
letters
in
support
and
36
letters
against
this
legislation.
A
So,
as
a
reminder,
we
will
be
limiting
all
testifiers
to
two
minutes.
Each
for
transparency
and
fairness,
support
opposition
and
neutral
testimony
will
be
capped
after
30
minutes.
Each
testifiers
are
encouraged
to
summarize
their
positions
and
submit
more
comprehensive
testimony
in
writing
and
just
be
aware
that
I
will
cut
you
off
if
you
go
off
beyond
the
two
minute
mark.
So
please,
if
you
can
stick
to
that
mark
and
if
the
same
talking
points
that
you're
repeating
after
someone
else,
it's
always
okay
to
say,
ditto
and
share
that
opinion.
A
So
dps
is
there
anyone
on
the
line
wishing
to
provide
support
testimony
for
sjr3.
C
C
L
My
name
is
larry
johnson,
j-o-h-n-s-o-n
and
senator
did
nani
and
members
of
the
senate
natural
resource
committee.
Thank
you
for
giving
me
the
opportunity
to
testify,
in
favor
of
this
very
important
resolution,
the
1971
act
and
subsequent
amendments
mandate,
blm
and
the
u.s
forest
service
to
maintain
an
ecological
balance
with
all
other
uses,
it
mandates
removal
of
excess
horses.
We
simply
ask
blm
and
u.s
forest
service
to
follow
the
law.
Unfortunately,
each
appropriation
bill
through
congress
limits
the
agency's
ability
to
do
their
lawful
duty.
L
L
L
Wild
horse
advocates
falsely
state
the
wild
horse,
populations
will
regulate
themselves
and
actually,
by
the
time,
wild
horses
begin
dying
of
starvation.
The
range
is
so
depleted
that
wildlife
populations
are
severely
depleted
or
gone.
Now.
Everyone
loves
to
see
wild
horses
on
our
range,
they're,
beautiful
and
a
valuable
resource,
but
like
any
other
resource,
require
management
or
all
of
all
other
users
of
our
public
land,
including
the
wild
horse
itself,
will
suffer.
C
M
Thank
you
chair
members
of
the
committee.
My
name
is
colby
prout,
c-o-l-b-y
p-r-o-u-t,
I'm
the
natural
resources
manager
for
the
nevada
association
of
counties.
Nato's
members
are
all
17
of
nematodes
counties.
Naco
offers
this
testimony
in
support
of
sjr3
and
would
like
to
thank
the
coalition
for
helping
nevada
lands
for
bringing
this
resolution
forward.
In
october,
2019
naco
took
formal
action
and
endorsed
the
path
forward
for
management
of
america's
wild
horses
and
boroughs.
M
This
plan
was
the
result
of
collaboration
of
over
a
dozen
diverse
stakeholders,
including
the
eureka
county
board
of
commissioners,
the
humane
society
and
the
aspca
naco
has
shared
their
support
of
the
plan
with
each
member
of
the
nevada's
congressional
and
senatorial
delegations.
The
path
forward
substantially
informs
the
blm's
2020
report
to
congress
from
management
of
wild
horses
and
boroughs,
and
therefore
naco
strongly
supports
sjr
3,
which
urges
sufficient
and
sustained
funding
for
implementing
this
plan.
M
Nevada
is
home
to
at
least
50
percent
of
the
nation's
wild
horses
and
boroughs
with
an
estimated
51,
000
horses
and
burros
on
the
lands
of
our
state.
This
is
well
above
blm's
owned,
determined,
appropriate
management
levels
or
aml,
which
is
the
maximum
number
of
horses
consistent
with
maintaining
a
thriving
ecological
balance,
as
mandated
by
the
wild
horse
and
borough
act
of
1971.
M
as
nevada
enters
another
drought
cycle,
the
effects
of
population
over
aml
on
nevada's,
sensitive
ecosystems,
sensitive
species
such
as
stage
grouse
and
the
horses
and
burrows
themselves
will
be
even
more
pronounced
and
intense.
An
overpopulation
of
horses
also
impacts
public
health
and
safety
in
counties
where
horses
regularly
wander
onto
roadways
and
other
public
right-of-ways.
M
C
L
In
the
past,
the
eureka
board
of
county
commissioners
requested
blm,
give
full
swoop
suite
of
tools
authorized
in
the
wild
and
free
home,
wild
and
free
roaming
horse
and
burrow
acts
of
1971,
as
amended.
Our
local
plans
and
policies
call
for
implementing
the
wild
and
free
roaming
horses
and
burrow
acts
as
amended.
L
The
board
chairman,
dr
j.j
goguccia,
actually
testified
in
the
u.s
senate
committee
hearing
on
the
behalf
of
eureka
county
supporting
the
path
forward.
Well,
we
have
policies
stating
a
full
implication
of
the
act.
We
have
strong
biases
towards
solutions
that
bring
horse
levels
to
conducive
to
rangeland
health
without
using
unconditional
sale
and
lethal
management.
We
will
always
support
management
office
which
bring
excess
hertz
to
aml
in
a
timely
way,
while
avoiding
unconditional
sale
and
lethal
management.
L
The
passport
for
the
management
of
blm's
wild
horse
and
burros
is
the
only
proposal
we've
seen
that
takes
its
approach
and
actually
models.
The
ability
to
reach
aml
nevada
rangeland
can
continue
to
take
more
than
its
fair
share
of
adverse
impact
of
wild
horse
and
burro
populations,
numbers
that
far
exceed
what
the
resource
can
sustain
for
healthy
horses
and
working
rangeland.
L
C
C
N
N
The
sagebrush
ecosystem
council
is
a
legislatively
authorized
body
that
oversees
the
sagebrush
ecosystem
program
in
the
state
of
nevada.
It
is
comprised
of
nine
governor
appointed
members
representing
local
government
wildlife,
agriculture,
conservation
and
environment
general,
public
tribal
nations,
energy
mining,
ranching
and
also
success
of
ex-officio
members.
Excuse
me,
including
department
of
wildlife,
blm,
the
forest
service,
fish
and
wildlife
service
nrcs
and
the
nevada
department
of
agriculture.
N
N
The
council
shall
consider
the
best
science
available
in
its
determinations
regarding
and
conservation
of,
the
greater
sage,
grouse
and
sagebrush
ecosystems
in
this
state
and
the
council
shall
establish
and
carry
out
strategies
for
the
conservation
of
greater
sage,
grouse
and
sagebrush
ecosystems
in
this
state.
As
you've
already
heard,
wild
horses
and
feral
horses
are
having
a
significant
negative
impact
on
fragile
ecosystems,
not
only
across
the
the
west,
but
especially
here
in
nevada,
where
we
now
have
over
half
of
the
nation's
on-range
population
with
well
over
50
000
wild
horses.
N
Species
that
rely
heavily
on
healthy
riparian
areas
are
seeing
a
tremendous
negative
impact.
Due
to
the
overuse
of
these
areas,
dr
pete
coates
of
the
usgs
has
provided
the
council
with
data
showing
a
direct
correlation
between
over
aml
horse
populations
and
a
decline
in
sage-grouse
numbers.
This
data
is
supported
by
land
health
monitoring
that
shows
declining
and
often
irreversible,
irreversibly
impacted
ecosystem
health
due
to
overuse
by
wild
horses
in
some
areas.
N
Without
alteration
of
its
implementation,
by
consequent
congresses
or
presidential
administration,
recognizing
that
if
action
is
not
taken
until
herd,
health
has
become
an
issue,
the
range
and
water
resources
are
likely
to
be
in
a
highly
degraded
and
potentially
irreversible
state
non-active
management,
I.e,
let
nature
take
its
course.
Wait
until
horse
health
or
resource
conditions
are
critical,
is
not
acceptable.
Management
non-management
will
negatively
impact
or
potentially
create
irreversible
habitat
impacts
within
the
service
area.
N
End
quote:
the
sec
applauds
the
interim
committee
on
public
lands
for
this
resolution
and
at
a
meeting
on
march,
16th
of
this
year
did
unanimously
vote
to
support
sgr3
after
a
presentation
was
made
by
council
members
representing
conservation
in
the
environment
and
the
general
public.
We
thank
you
for
your
consideration
of
this
matter
and
stand
ready
to
assist
in
any
way
we
can.
The
path
forward
is
truly
a
collaborative
effort
that
was
a
work
of
years
of
discussions
and
often
contentious
meetings.
N
An
endorsement
by
the
nevada
legislature
will
send
a
strong
message
to
our
partners
in
washington
dc
that
we
need
to
aggressively
manage
the
west
wild
horse
populations,
and
we
will
not
further
allow
our
fragile
ecosystems
to
be
irreversibly
damaged
due
to
the
mismanagement
of
wild
horses.
Thank
you,
mr.
C
B
B
C
K
My
name
is
rory
lamp,
that's
r-o-r-y-l-a-m-p,
mr
chair
and
members
of
the
committee,
I'm
a
volunteer
member
of
the
sierra
club's
toyabi
chapter
executive
committee
and
I'm
a
retired
wildlife
biologist.
I
worked
with
the
nevada
department
of
wildlife
for
37
years
on
behalf
of
the
sierra
club
and
our
more
than
4
thousand
members
and
supporters
statewide,
I
speak
in
support
of
sjr3.
K
K
This
negatively
impacts
our
wildlife,
the
horses
and
burros
themselves
and
livestock
use
on
these
lands
and,
last
but
not
least,
all
of
the
other
multiple
groups
that
use
public
lands
in
nevada.
It
can
only
be
corrected
at
the
federal
level
by
adequately
funding
and
managed
management
efforts
in
nevada.
K
We
are
in
support
of
maintaining
horse
and
burro
populations
at
sustainable
levels
somewhere
near
or
below
appropriate
management
levels.
Horses
and
burros
are
part
of
the
multiple
use
fabric
of
our
public
land
and
we
all
enjoy
seeing
them.
At
the
same
time,
we
do
not
wish
to
witness
the
continued
destruction
of
our
public
lands
that
the
current
excess
horse
of
world
populations
are
causing.
For
this
reasons,
we
urge
you
to
support
sjr
3.
C
O
M-A-R-T-I-N-P-A-R-I-S,
chairman
and
members
of
the
committee
again,
this
is
martin
paris,
I'm
the
executive
director
of
the
nevada,
cattlemen's
association.
I
won't
get
too
deep
in
the
weeds
as
the
presentations
given
earlier
and
the,
whereas
section
of
sjr-3
have
done
a
really
good
job
of
summarizing.
The
issue
with
that
said
politics,
limited
funding,
lack
of
long-term
holding
and
the
fact
that
wild
horses
in
burrow
populations
double
in
size
every
three
to
five
years
has
led
to
nevada's
herd
management
areas
being
on
average
300
percent
over
appropriate
management
levels.
O
This
has
created
a
dire
situation
for
both
the
health
of
nevada's
rangelands,
as
well
as
the
health
and
well-being
of
wild
horses
and
burros.
The
current
population
of
wild
horses
and
burros
in
nevada
is
just
not
sustainable.
Unlike
cattle
or
other
livestock
horses
and
burros
cannot
be
intensively
managed
out
on
the
range.
They
cannot
be
moved
to
another
area
temporarily
to
provide
rest,
they
have
no
rotational
grazing
systems.
Their
grazing
timing
and
seasons
of
use
cannot
be
changed.
Horses
and
burrows
are
out
on
our
landscapes,
24
7
365
days
of
the
year.
O
An
increase
in
funding
is
needed
to
implement
a
removal
strategy
of
excess
wild
horses
and
borrowed
boroughs,
followed
by
an
aggressive
fertility
control
management
strategy,
as
well
as
finding
long-term
holding
solutions
for
those
animals
that
are
removed.
You
know
we
manage
wildlife
and
even
cats
and
dogs.
To
some
extent,
wild
horses
and
burros
cannot
be
the
exception.
O
With
that
said,
the
nevada,
cattlemen's
association
strongly
encourages
the
passage
of
senate
joint
resolution
number
three
and
would
appreciate
any
support
that
this
committee
and
the
state
legislature
can
provide
in
urging
congress
to
uphold
the
intent
of
the
wild
free,
roaming,
horses
and
burros
act.
Time
is
of
the
essence.
The
longer
the
can
is
kicked
down
the
road,
the
harder
and
more
costly
it
becomes
to
address
the
problem.
Thank
you
for
your
time.
I
appreciate
the
opportunity
to
speak.
C
C
C
P
P
P
Please
support
sjr3,
urging
congress
to
provide
money
to
reduce
the
wild
horse
and
barrel
populations
to
appropriate
management
levels.
Wild
horse
and
barrel
populations
are
300
percent
above
the
levels
where
they
should
be
with
50
000
of
them
on
the
land.
This
harms
the
habitat
for
wildlife
livestock
vegetation
and
harms
wild
horses
and
burros
themselves.
P
P
Ranchers
in
southeast
elko
county
attest
to
the
fact
that,
even
though
no
sheep
or
cattle
have
been
grazed
in
certain
areas
for
more
than
20
years
now,
wild
horses
have
so
ravaged.
The
range
white
sage
flats
have
now
been
lost.
That
shad
scale
no
longer
exists
white,
while
black
sage
is
grazed
down
to
mere
nubbins.
They
are
destroying
the
natural
resources
of
our
state
and
which
certainly
harms
all
wildlife.
P
Sgr3
is
a
very
reasonable
and
necessary
request.
Nevadans,
our
wildlife
and
livestock
should
not
be
harmed
because
the
feds
won't
do
their
job.
Even
the
wild
horses
and
burrows
are
suffering
because
the
feds
won't
do
their
job
to
manage
them
appropriately.
According
to
the
law,
please
support
sjr3
and
thank
you
very
much
for
your
time.
C
K
K
This
is
not
a
new
issue,
as
you've
heard
from
many
of
the
previous
commenters
and
the
presentation
that
you
heard
the
fact
is
unchecked.
Populations
of
fair
horses
in
nevada
are
causing
big
impacts
to
our
environment,
they're,
causing
problems
with
native
for
native
ecosystems,
they're,
causing
problems
for
our
wildlife
and
they're
in
in
places
where
they
are
overpopulated
they're,
ruining
the
scenic
vistas
that
we
all
love
so
much
about
nevada.
K
Something
needs
to
be
done
and
we
think
that
the
the
solution
that
is
outlined
in
this
resolution
is
a
potential
path
forward
that
might
actually
get
us
past.
Some
of
the
problems
that
we
have
run
into
in
dealing
with
this
issue
since
the
wild
horse
and
burrow
act
was
passed.
We
urge
the
committee
support
of
this
resolution
to
send
that
message
to
our
nation's
capital
that
this
is
an
issue
that
needs
to
be
dealt
with
for
the
health
of
our
environment
in
nevada.
Thank
you.
C
Q
I
spent
a
lot
of
time
out
in
the
back
country
of
nevada,
and
I
see
horses
every
single
time
I
go
out
and
the
reality
is
a
lot
of
these
horses
are
afraid
of
humans.
They
run
as
soon
as
they
see
us
and
it's.
It
truly
is
horrifying
to
see
these
horses
in
certain
areas
that
have
degraded
health
conditions,
and
I
personally
don't
like
seeing
that-
and
I
think
the
majority
of
us
don't
enjoy
seeing
these
horses
suffer
in
these
areas.
Q
I
just
would
urge
you
to
support
this
and
offer
guidance
to
us
as
we
move
forward.
I
think
one
thing
that's
incredibly
crucial
of
this
is
you're.
Seeing
so
many
different
groups
that
may
have
different
opinions
on
several
different
subject
matters,
but
we're
coming
together
for
a
common
cause.
We
all
want
horses
on
the
landscape,
but
we
want
a
healthy
landscape
and
we
want
healthy
populations.
So
I
think
it's
it's
nice
to
hear
all
these
different
testimonies
and
all
come
together.
Q
C
C
C
C
C
A
Thank
you.
I
believe
we
were
reaching
the
30
minute
mark,
so
we
ended
perfectly.
Let's
go
ahead
and
move
to
here
testimony
in
opposition
again
I
will
cap
it
at
30
minutes
and
please
keep
your
marks
at
the
two-minute
mark.
Thank
you.
C
G
I
am
positive
for
my
work
with
them
that
they
had
really
no
goal
of
having
that
the
tremendous
number
of
wild
horses
on
our
rangelands
that
we
have
today.
I
want
to
make
a
point
about
that.
We
are
very
supportive
in
our
coalition
of
the
blm
and
we
believe
that
the
blm
knows
what
needs
to
be
done
and
they
know
how
to
do
it.
They
just
need
the
financial
and
political
support
to
accomplish
the
goal
of
reaching
aml
wild
horses.
G
G
A
Thank
you
and
bps.
I
believe
that
concludes
testimony
and
support.
So
let's
go
ahead
and
move
to
opposition
to
sjr3.
C
C
C
R
My
name
is
mary
cioffi,
that's
c,
I
o
f.
As
in
frank
f,
I
and
I'm
president
of
the
pine
nut
wild
horse
advocates
of
the
carson
valley,
our
residents
locally
love
these
historic
bands
that
have
roamed
in
our
area.
As
long
as
local
memories
can
recall,
we
consider
ourselves
a
logical
group
to
climate
welfare
advocates.
R
We
have
reduced
the
reproduction
rate
by
81
in
2020,
and
this
year
promises
to
be
even
more
successful.
None
of
our
wild
mares
appear
to
be
in
full
on
the
fish
springs
range
this
year
our
horses
have
wintered
well
and
are
in
excellent
health.
We
are
suggesting
that
wild
horses
can
be
managed
in
the
wild
successfully
on
many
ranges,
with
good
results
at
a
much
lower
cost
or
at
no
cost
to
the
taxpayers.
R
Well,
forces
are
not
the
negative
impact
solely
responsible
for
the
condition
of
our
public
lands.
We
also
need
to
consider
the
effect
of
off-road
vehicles
on
our
range.
This
bill
does
not
reflect
the
opinion
of
the
vast
majority
of
nevadans
and
most
certainly
not
in
our
county,
to
remove
any
of
our
local
horses.
We're
disappointed
we're
not
given
an
opportunity
to
testify
before
you
today
as
those
supporting
this
bill
and
we'll
hope
you
will
postpone
that
decision
on
this
until
you've
heard
opinions
from
both
sides,
we
would
be
happy
to
meet
with
you
soon.
R
R
These
wild
horses
provide
tourism
to
nevada
and
on
our
range
we've
given
tours
from
people
all
over
the
world
and
all
over
our
country.
They
stay
in
our
hotels,
shop
in
our
stores
and
dine
in
our
restaurants.
Our
community
strongly
supports
leaving
the
wild
horses
on
the
range
they
were
born
on.
We
as
a
community
are
willing
to
manage
our
horses
on
our
range,
we're
willing
to
do
the
labor
and
fund
the
cost
of
birth
control.
R
Our
horses
are
not
dying
of
thirst
or
starving,
and
our
range
has
never
had
any
restoration
after
numerous
fires
over
decades.
We
do
not
support
this
bill
across
the
lands
of
nevada
and
certainly
not
in
the
carson
valley.
We
again
hope
you
will
postpone
your
decision
until
we
have
an
opportunity
to
meet
with
you,
and
you
can
hear
both
sides
of
this
issue.
We
need
decisions
to
be
based
on
sound
science,
not
the
potential
for
profits.
Thank
you.
C
C
K
Are
we
going
to
ignore
it?
Just
for
the
sake
of
making
the
same
mistake
over
and
over
the
blm's
roundup
and
holding
facilities
expenses
skyrocket,
a
science-based
solution
is
being
ignored.
The
pzp
program
being
carried
out
by
the
american
wild
horse
campaign
and
their
partners
offers
a
real
long-term
solution.
K
K
We
consider
ourselves
environmentalists
and
we
care
about
the
health
of
the
range
we're
not
opposed
to
population
management
of
the
horses,
but
we
are
concerned
that
this
bill
is
too
narrowly
focused
on
removing
the
horses
from
the
range
I
personally
have
been
to
the
holding
facilities
and,
according
to
the
blm,
the
cost
of
feeding
a
horse
is
five
thousand
dollars
a
year.
Typical
a
horse
might
be
in
captivity
for
ten
years.
K
That's
fifty
thousand
dollars
per
horse
multiply
that
by
fifty
thousand
horses
in
captivity,
and
you
can
see
how
the
numbers
add
up
pretty
quickly.
The
old
paradigm
is
to
remove
horses
and
put
them
in
holding.
Why
do
that
when
the
populations
can
be
controlled
by
effective
birth
control,
which
will
solve
the
problem
at
a
much
lower
cost
to
the
taxpayers?
Thank
you
very
much.
C
S
S
We
urge
this
committee
to
please
postpone
voting
on
sjr-3
until
the
committee
receives
presentations
with
data
from
the
other
side
of
this
issue
without
having
presentations
from
both
sides
of
the
issue.
You're.
Basing
your
decision
on
biased,
one-sided
information
there's
no
way
we
can
address
all
the
issues
raised
in
a
two-minute
public
comment
period.
S
The
basis,
though
of
sgr3,
is
the
blm's
appropriate
management
level
system,
but
please
listen
to
what
an
independent
and
non-biased
scientific
assessment
of
aml
says
the
national
academies
of
sciences,
our
prim,
our
country's
premier,
independent
scientific
research
body,
has
played
a
significant
role
to
ensure
the
us
government
is
provided,
balanced,
fact-based
information
and
data.
The
blm
paid
the
nas
to
conduct
a
review
of
its
wild
horses
program.
S
S
S
The
nas
highlighted
that
forage
allocated
on
blm
land
wild
horses
account
for
just
five
percent
of
consumption,
while
livestock
grazing
accounts
for
95
percent
of
consumption.
We
ask
that
you
put
off
the
vote
on
sjr-3,
please
let
the
committee
hear
the
other
perspectives
and
data
on
this
issue
that
outline
why
sjr3
is
wrong.
I
just
like
to
note
80
of
the
forage
blm
allocates
in
the
congressionally
designated
wild
horse,
habitat
or
herd
management
areas
is
given
to
livestock
80
percent.
S
This
is
what
aml
is
based
on
giving
wild
horses
just
20
percent
of
the
forage
in
their
own
congressionally
designated
habitat,
it's
widely
known
that
livestock's
responsible
for
widespread
destruction
of
rangelands
riparian
areas
and
is
also
a
leading
cause
of
global
warming
due
to
methane.
Thank
you
so
much.
I
really
appreciate
your
time.
A
Bps
before
proceed,
I
just
want
to
make
one
clear
clarification,
and
that
is
this
committee
will
not
be
taking
any
action
on
sjr3
right
now,
we're
just
listening
to
the
testimony.
That's
the
thing
that
has
been
applied
to
our
other
builds
so
eps.
We
can
go
ahead
and
continue.
C
K
Okay,
my
name
is
craig
downer
c-r-a-I-g
d-o-w-n-e-r,
I'm
a
wildlife
ecologist
and
I'm
a
multi-generation
descendant
of
pioneers
here
in
nevada.
I
horses
mean
a
lot
to
me.
I
grew
up
on
a
horse
and
I
wrote
a
book
called
the
wild
horse
conspiracy.
I
also
got
my
master's
degree
here
at
university
of
nevada
and
and
worked.
It
was
a
friend
of
wild
horse,
annie
and
don
lapin.
I
just
feel
there's
a
terrible
slanting
of
the
information
and
that
the
wild
horses
and
burrows
are
being
scapegoated
or
blamed
for
so
much.
K
That
is,
is
wrong
in
this
state,
but
that
they
use
the
wild
horse
and
burrows
as
convenient
red
herrings
or
distractors
to
the
root
cause
of
the
problem.
I
really
resent
the
prejudiced
views
against
these
wonderful
animals.
They
are
deeply
rooted
north
american
natives
and
they,
if
they're,
not
put
into
a
if
in
into
a
very
compromised
position
by
management
decisions
that
just
don't
give
them
their
fair
share
or
don't
positively
recognize
their
niche
in
the
ecosystem.
K
Here
then,
naturally,
they
they
tend
to
be
miserable
and
starving,
because
that
was
the
intention
of
their
their
enemies,
and
I
do
not
agree
with
pzp.
I
believe
that
this
is
a
violation
of
the
core
intent
of
the
act
and
it
it's
rendering
them
into
domesticated
animals.
K
However,
I
do
recognize
that
when
they
have
mature
social
units,
they're
able
to
self-stabilize
their
population
and
I'm
an
advocate
of
what's
called
reserve
design
where
you
contain
an
area,
a
viable
habitat
and
you
allow
the
horses
with
their
mature
social
units
to
fill
their
niche,
and
there
are
various
ways
of
keeping
them
in
the
in
those
commensurate
viable
populations,
among
which
are
adverse
conditioning
which
doesn't
have
to
be
very
harsh
and
positive.
K
C
K
Hello,
my
name
is
randall
macero,
I'm
national
president
of
union
members
for
the
preservation
of
wildlife,
we're
teamsters
and
a
coalition
of
union
members
throughout
the
united
states,
canada
and
europe
we've
been
around
since
1970.
We
also
have
we're
affiliated
with
many
native
american
tribes
from
canada
in
the
united
states,
we're
representing
our
brothers
and
sisters
today
within
the
native
american
community
and
opposing
sj
r3.
K
Ladies
and
gentlemen,
you
have
to
realize
this
is
a
smoke
screen.
It's
it's
a
ruse
and
we've
been
at
this
for
many
years.
We
have
undercover
video
footage
of
roundups,
as
well
as
the
cattle
ranching
community.
You
got
to
understand.
If
you
go
back
in
history,
the
cattle
ranching
industry
started
the
range
wars.
They
not
only
went
after
native
americans
but
started
and
did
and
wanted
a
free
range
of
their
cattle
and
they
went
after
the
sheep
herders
as
well.
K
They
started
many
of
the
issues
here
in
the
united
states
and,
if
you,
if
we
use
satellite
imagery
in
a
lawsuit,
it'll
show
that
cattle
outnumber
horses
10
to
1,
if
not
more,
also,
but
yet
nobody's
doing
that.
Why
well
look
at
the
blm?
It
wasn't
that
long
ago
that
the
cattle
ranchers
had
guns
on
the
blm
agents.
K
Let's
expose
the
truth
for
what
it
is,
since
1971
they've
made
many
a
movies.
All
you
have
to
do
is
look
at
the
pursuit
of
honor
from
the
misfits
to
billy
jack,
many
and
myself,
now
being
retired
law
enforcement
working
in
federal
law
enforcement,
as
well
as
state
law
enforcement
investigations,
we're
willing
to
help
the
native
american
community
and
our
fellow
animal
rights
activists
with
the
video
footage
that
we
need
to
testify
at
the
capitol
and
give
you
that
footage
as
well.
K
This
is
an
all-out
war
in
our
wildlife
and
it's
it's
america's
dirty
little
secret
america's
other
war,
america's
war
and
wildlife.
I
just
got
off
the
phone
with
the
associated
press,
cnn,
60
minutes
in
2020.
being
an
actor
in
hollywood,
I'm
on
tv
all
over.
But
the
simple
fact
is
as
many
as
sag
and
after
actors
are
looking
at
you
now
you're
setting
the
example
and
we're
looking
to
see
what,
if
you're
going
to
do,
the
right
thing
does
nevada
have
enough
money
to
take
on
legal
cases.
K
Piling
up
simple
fact
is:
more
money
is
brought
in
by
ecotourism
than
killing
wildlife
three
four
times
as
much,
and
even
your
top
investigative
reporter
george
knapp
said
it
when
he
made
the
commentary
on
the
safari
club
international.
Look
at
the
stampede
oblivion,
video
that
your
george
knapp
emmy,
award-winning
investigative
reporter
did
on
the
blm.
C
P
P
C-O-N-W-A-Y,
thank
you
for
letting
me
speak
beside
those
of
you
with
such
august.
P
Credential,
these
beautiful
beautiful
horses,
often
look
for
food
and
water
in
silver
springs,
resident
residential
areas
where
I
live,
and
I
see
them
when
I
drive
along
highway,
50
or
accidents
do
often
occur,
but
I
I
see
a
lack
of
fences.
Wouldn't
more
fences
help
solve
their
wandering
onto
the
road.
Why
not
build
more
fences
along
highway,
50
and
usa
parkway?
P
P
P
C
C
B
Sheila
schwadel
s-h-e-I-l-a
f-c-h-w-a-d-e-l.
Thank
you
for
allowing
me
to
speak.
My
name
is
sheila
schwadel,
I'm
with
pine
nut
wild
horse
advocates,
I'd
like
to
bring
to
your
attention
a
paper
published
by
peer.org,
and
that
is
public
employees
for
environmental
responsibility,
and,
to
quote
this
is
the
title:
is
agency
grouse
review
puts
thumb
on
scale
to
magnify
wild
horse
and
burro
effects.
B
Two.
If
the
agency
used
the
same
approach
for
calculating
the
area
of
influence
of
livestock
within
blm
grazing
allotments
on
sage
grouse
habitat
as
it
did
for
wild
horses
and
burros,
the
area
of
influence
for
livestock
would
be
14
times
that,
given
in
the
report
and
more
than
six
times
that
of
wild
horses
and
boroughs
and
three
within
blm's
own
grazing
allotment
lhs
database
records
live
livestock.
Grazing
is
cited
as
a
cause
of
failure
to
achieve
a
land
health
standard
30
times
more
often
than
our
wild
horses
and
burros.
B
C
Q
M-C-C-O-Y,
I
run
an
organization
in
nevada
called
wild
now
that
we
set
up
in
about
2019
in
order
to
be
able
to
help
some
way,
whatever
way
we
can
with
the
wild
forces.
And
what
I'm
asking
of
you
today
is
just
that.
You
consider
in
your
resolution
of
the
problem
that
these
horses
are
not
protected
and
there
is
a
problem
and
where
that
problem
lies,
I
don't
personally
know.
Q
What
I
don't
like
to
see
is
for
the
removal
of
the
horses
to
continue
to
create
then
more
horses
in
long-term
holding.
Meanwhile,
the
horses
on
the
range
aren't
properly
being
managed
the
pzp,
I
believe
in
I'm
trained
in
it
american
wild
course,
campaign
actually
paid
for
my
training
and
I've
been
waiting
for
two
years
to
be
able
to
go
and
dart
in
an
area
called
fish
creek,
which
is
where
my
mustang
came
from.
So
I'm
just
asking
that
you
consider
all
angles
before
making
a
decision.
Q
The
decisions
that
have
been
made
in
the
past
for
the
blm's
management
of
these
horses
hasn't
proven
to
be
successful.
They
continue
to
overpopulate
the
rangelands,
because
they're
not
doing
anything
to
fertilize
the
horses
to
do
anything
for
the
reproduction.
So
my
personal
mustang
came
from
the
carson
city
correctional
facility.
I've
been
out
to
fish
creek
where
he
was
rounded
up
in
2015
and
seeing
the
bands
of
horses
there.
They
live
as
families.
Most
of
them
actually
look
better
on
the
range
than
my
personal
horses
do
here
at
home.
Q
C
D
D
D
The
current
management
system
is
a
failed
one.
They
keep
doing
it
over
and
over
and
over
over
and
over
again,
and
it's
not
a
solution.
Fertility
control
is
a
solution.
It's
a
viable
solution.
We
see
it
working
and
we
just
would
like
to
ask
that
you
would
consider,
like
some
of
the
others
have
said,
hearing
both
sides
of
this
matter,
because
the
wild
horses
are
being
scapegoated
and
there
are
other
ways
that
we
can
manage
population
safely
and
humanely
on
the
range
eighty-six
percent
of
nevadans
want
the
wild
horses.
C
P
Louise
martin,
most
everything
has
been
said
already,
so
I'm
probably
not
going
to
say
much.
I
appreciate
everybody
supporting
the
wild
horses
of
nevada.
I've
lived
here.
Well,
kisgay
lane
was
a
dirt
road
anyway,
but
what
I
want
to
say
is
definitely
there
needs
to
be
two
sides
presented
today.
The
the
presentations
were
totally
slanted
to
one
side
and
it
needs
to
be
equal.
P
That's
how
things
should
work
in
this
country,
and
I
also
just
want
to
put
this
in
there-
that
85
percent
of
nevada
residents
or
more
support
our
wild
horses
on
the
range.
It's
a
very
small
minority
that
is,
is
fighting
against
the
wild
horses
being
free
on
the
range
and
there
are
new
solutions.
It's
time
to
get
past
the
old
and
start
with
the
new.
There
are
positive
solutions
that
can
be
done,
and
american
wild
horse
campaign
is
one
example.
P
And
yes,
there
are
too
many
cattle
on
the
range
and
they
do
cause
a
lot
of
damage.
I'm
sorry
to
tell
you
that
the
cattle
ranchers
on
this
committee,
but
it's
true
and
nothing,
is
spoken
about
anything
but
the
horses,
the
damage,
the
horses
are
doing
to
the
range
and
it's
just
it
was
so
one-sided.
I
I
was
just
amazed
anyway.
P
C
C
D
But
I
say:
if
we're
asking
to
reduce
the
population
within
the
next
six
years,
then
we
focus
all
of
our
efforts
on
fertility
control,
which
is
the
most
humane
thing
we
can
do
with
a
simple
birth
control,
dart
in
the
tail
of
a
horse
that
doesn't
mess
with
the
wildlife
behaviors
and
it
allows
after
five
attempts
or
five
actual
shots.
We
can
start
looking
at
permanent
sterilization
of
the
female
horses,
which
is
a
permanent
solution
to
all
of
this
overgrazing
over
population
that
we've
been
talking
about.
D
D
The
right
way,
I
ask
that
you
all
consider
that
there
is
a
more
humane
opportunity
sitting
in
front
of
us,
and
the
awhc
was
just
recognized
as
being
a
world
leader
in
fertility
control
which
puts
nevada
on
the
map
for
doing
the
right
thing
at
the
right
time
for
animals
that
don't
have
any
other
advocates
standing
up
for
them.
You
know,
do
the
right
thing
for
those
that
need
you
the
most
right
now.
A
Dps,
this
will
be
the
I
think
we
have
one
more
caller
online,
so
this
would
be
the
last
one
before
we
close
off
testimony
we've
reached
the
30
minute.
Yes,
sir,.
C
K
I'm
speaking
in
opposition
to
sj3
and
first
I'd
like
to
point
out
that
I'm
a
wildlife
biologist
and
my
publications
are
in
large
ungulate
interactions
with
with
vegetation
and
ecosystems,
specifically
alaskan
moose.
I
served.
I
did
my
research
at
the
institute
of
arctic
biology
where
jim
settinger
also
was
at
the
time-
and
I
listened
to
jim
sedinger's,
public
or
presentation
earlier
and
talking
about
the
biomass
of
wild
horses
exceeding
the
native
wildlife
biomass,
and
I
didn't
hear
jim
sudden
to
report
a
biomass
number
for
cattle
sedge.
K
Did
you
forget
of
a
bar
in
your
bar
chart,
because
I
looked
at
the
comparison
between
between
cattle
and
wild
horses
nationwide
and
I
corrected
for
animal
unit
months,
so
we're
comparing
one
month
of
horse
use
versus
one
month
of
cattle
use,
and
I
found
that
there
was
14.8
times
as
much
cattle
use
on
western
public
lands
as
wild
horse
use.
K
So
when
you
are
talking
about
damage
to
the
range
or
impacts
to
the
environment,
you
need
to
remember
that
it
is
primarily
the
cattle
and
the
livestock
that
are
having
these
impacts
on
the
land
when
you're
talking
about
damaged
riparian
areas
and
water
holes,
it's
not
the
wild
horses
who
are
coming
into
water
once
or
twice
a
day
and
then
leaving
for
higher
ground.
It's
the
cattle
that
are
sticking
around
the
water,
wallowing
in
the
water
all
day,
long
that
are
doing
the
heavy
damage
to
those
fragile
riparian
vegetation.
K
K
Thank
you
very
much
for
receiving
my
testimony
and
one
last
thing
I'd
like
to
mention
this
is
from
a
publication
by
beaver
and
aldridge
2011
in
the
studies
in
avian
biology,
monograph.
Three
more.
This
is
a
quote:
free
roaming
horses
spread
rapidly
across
the
intermountain
west
and
populations
reportedly
peaked
in
the
u.s
at
2
million
to
7
million
animals
in
the
late
1700s
to
early
1800s.
K
Now,
if
we
have
as
many
as
88
000
or
100
000
wild
horses
and
at
the
time
that
was
the
benchmark
for
native
wildlife
being
at
their
peak,
we
had
2
million
to
7
million,
I'm
sorry
the
100,
000
or
88
000.
We
have
today
out
on
the
range,
are
our
rounding
error
and
really
can't
possibly
be
having
a
major
ecological
impact.
Thank
you
for
receiving
my
testimony
and
I
urge
you
to
vote
no
on
sjr3.
A
Thank
you.
I
believe
that
concludes
our
opposition
testimony
so
bps.
Finally,
is
there
any
motivation
to
testify
in
neutral
on
svr3.
C
O
O
There
has
been
a
great
degree
or
a
great
deal
of
testimony
and
biological
peace
that
has
been
shared
with
you
today.
So
we'll
keep
our
comments
short
and
ask
that
you
consider
nevada's
895
wildlife
species
in
this
resolution.
Nevada's
scarcest
and
most
important
resource
is
water
and
the
associated
riparian
habitats
that
are
relied
upon
by
all
species.
O
The
long-term
degradation
of
these
waters
and
vegetative
communities
is
exacerbated
by
the
excessive
unmanaged
wild
horse
and
burrow
populations,
and
has
detrimental
influence
on
other
species,
numbers
and
distribution
with
wild
horse
and
burro
numbers
at
300
percent
of
the
prescribed
management
levels
and
the
potential
for
populations
to
double
every
three
to
five
years.
It
necessitates
urgent
action
to
maintain
healthy
and
productive
landscapes
for
nevada's
wildlife.
O
C
D
If
we
had
you
know,
wildlife
quote
unquote,
move
into
our
habitat.
We
certainly,
as
known
through
the
last
centuries,
have
taken
steps
to
move
them
back,
but
we
don't
seem
to
want
to
give
anything
to
the
wildlife,
the
idea
of
a
reserve
designer
viable
sustainable
habitat,
or
why
isn't
the
blm
working
actively
with
all
these
non-profits
and
volunteers
that
are
out
there?
You
know
working
to
help
sustain
whether
it's
bringing
water
or
food,
because
water
systems
have
been
taken
away.
D
I've
seen
this
myself
where
development
moves
in
and
then
the
horses
are
pushed
to
starvation
and
then
they're
blamed
when
the
livestock
is
a
bigger
footprint,
and
I
do
appreciate
the
comment
that
the
livestock
was
missing
on
the
graph
for
an
animal
weight
and
since
these
are
public
lands,
we're
talking
about
having
them
mostly
taken
up
by
a
very
by
the
ranchers
dominating
80
to
1
against
the
wildlife.
It
does
skew
the
numbers,
I'm
also
very
suspicious
of
the
count
the
80
000
count.
D
I've
also
been
out,
and
I've
seen
the
blm
management,
the
past
and
current
management
of
the
horses.
It
seems
incredibly
cruel
and
inhumane,
and
I
I'm
suspicious
of
who
counts
90
000
horses
anyway,
and
and
why
don't
we
count
how
many
urban
developments,
I
think,
if
there's
a
management
to
be
done,
it's
to
manage
our
own
sense
of
greed
and
inability
to
share
habitat
that
has
been
occupied
by
wild
horses
before
us.
Thank
you.
A
Bps
before
we
continue,
I
just
want
to
give
a
quick
reminder
to
everyone
that
this
is
not
time
to
share
opinions
on
either
in
support
or
opposition.
We
are
on
neutral
right
now,
so
please
be
mindful
of
that.
Just
for
fairness
and
transparency,
bps
is
there
anyone
on
the
line
wishing
to
provide
neutral
testimony
at
this
time.
C
A
You
bps
for
that
senator
parks.
Do
you
have
any
last
minute
remarks?
I'd
be
willing
to
lend
the
floor
to
you.
H
Thank
you,
chair
donati,
david
parks
for
the
record.
I
do
not
have
any
comments
at
this
time.
Thank
you.
A
Great
thank
you
and
thank
you
senator
parks
for
joining
us
today.
It's
such
an
honor
to
get
the
chance
to
meet
you
virtually,
and
I
know
we
all
value
your
time
and
your
service
to
the
state
great.
I
will
go
ahead
and
now
close
the
hearing
on
sjr3
before
we
move
on
to
public
comment,
I
want
to
give
quick
clarification
to
how
this
meeting
was
conducted.
A
Like
any
other
bills,
we
have
the
proponent
of
the
that
they
present
the
bill
and
then
we
move
on
to
testimony
for
all
sides
to
provide
their
input
on
the
legislation
on
an
equal
basis.
I
want
to
reiterate
that
the
committee
will
not
be
taking
any
action
on
sar
3
today,
similar
to
how
how
other
bills
have
been
presented
and
may
be
brought
back
for
a
future
work
session,
and
I
realize
that
this
is
a
very
sensitive
issue
for
many
of
you
throughout
the
state.
A
But
I
want
to
thank
you
all
for
taking
your
sincere
time
to
share
your
thoughts
and
we
will
be
mindful
of
them
when
we
decide
how
to
proceed
with
this
legislation
at
this
time.
Let's
go
ahead
and
move
on
to
public
comment.
I
will
now
go
ahead
and
call
for
public
comment.
Please
remember
to
limit
your
comments
to
two
minutes.
Bps.
is
there
anyone
wishing
to
provide
public
comment.
C
C
A
Thank
you
so
much
members
are
there
any
questions
before
we
adjourn
for
any
comments
or
anything
it
looks
like
we
are
good,
so
thank
you
all
for
joining
us
today.
Our
next
meeting
is
third
day
thursday
march
25th
at
3
30
pm.
This
meeting
is
now
officially
adjourned.
Thank
you.