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From YouTube: Numenta research paper review: Layer 6 ensembles can selectively regulate the behavioral impact...

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Review of paper in bioarxiv: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/657114v1

Layer 6 ensembles can selectively regulate the behavioral impact and layer-specific representation of sensory deviants

Broadcasted live on Twitch -- Watch live at https://www.twitch.tv/rhyolight_

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Arrange my windows appropriately, maybe give me a second I'll: go ahead and I'll start our own recording and then I'll I, guess I'll just well.

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Go take my laptop oh.

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Sure Jeff's not projecting using GoToMeeting I, don't know how to record.

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Work through the authors, so retired reminded me that we spoke to some a few years ago.

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And then repeat and Wow, so this is the paper.

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Is a non-public paper? It's 500 archives, some.

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Limited shaft for having certain types of lighting.

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Submitted and I point out the very left they left 17. So it's this right here. It says this is a method. That's the method, section yeah.

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Right here, the very last line of the paper is xxx, like other relatives.

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I know a paper they're talking about they're the ballot for one, maybe.

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But it's not in a format. You know.

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This is not an easy paper to read: there's a lot of details in it. They do summarize it, but it's still difficult. That's a constant summary, so they just give you the big picture here. Big picture, the good thing about it is they're trying to understand effectively our sixth on other layers in predictive model. It does sounds pretty close to our goal.

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It's not as close, do you think, partly because they're really restricted in many ways than they, but they can do so. It's a vicious but they're doing, but it's also pretty far from I guess so, for example, in the predictive model, they start right at the very beginning, here very first line, the abstract enhances the sailing team I'm, anticipating, but seldom you notice the.

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You know so you know the two paradigms are using your all around to all the somatosensory cortex s1 with whiskers one paradigm that they're studying is represented by at least this figure here, and this is a experiment where the rat is on is once across this gap and because it's a watery border in the other side, until there is to figure out how far across it is laced up, she gets mountain whiskers and- and they do something in this case, that what they're doing now is they're going to be optogenetic lee activating layer, six cells, while the dirtiness test and they're going to opposite genetically we go to to this is going to stimulus input.

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It was strong lunch, so they're going to Wheatley activating their six and their strong.

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And so this this happen in the dark.

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Most can't see.

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We can change this legends while the rats feeling it and they want to make sure the rock can hear that I want to feel the air movement, so they saw it assuming it's in the dark, because otherwise I could see it well, I don't know anyway, the result is the following, so they have the strong signal and weak signal again. Optogenetic modifying photo six and, for example, in this particular case they say.

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Well, we if we strongly activate later snakes, which just means some random amount of energy out of a laser greater than do bill watts, then the performance of the rat crossing the Kapiti dues. So this is the Mary here was activating later snakes and their athletes less likely to make.

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It across in here over here whether they're not activating 96, that makes it both batter Kimberly, told us when I they're, like.

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Crossing the gap I'm not going to a really complicated this one here.

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And then here the thing: what if we.

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Feeling on the side, they something move it. So it's a change, detection and they're trying to see what kind of signals they get meaning out of overlay of neurons during the change, protection and.

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Their expiration of layer six under different task, the task that they use is one where they just they just take a mouse and I had six Caroline and they they wiggled about the whiskers themselves, and they gave you a change in the strength of the video whispers themselves and then they and then in that case, we're using both optogenetic readout and this planted coat.

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So they got you to read some yourselves exercise so.

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Are the two paradigms one bothers that sensory, both change detection one? Is it a behavioral pattern of the best moving and they're just visiting us one they're seeing what's happening and the other is a close and bringing.

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So why they change step? Okay, the basic you got that and then they're trying to figure out what the effects are on other cells, so yeah I, think I've mentioned or anything so.

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Then you look at the difference unit activity passive curtain. So in one case the rat is active.

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Yeah, initiating motor command and I'm not looking at it that way.

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And so the behavior of the later six but I can't put themselves and that's. Why is something similar to fire.

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Well, the whole thing here is: we.

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And it's representing some combination of location and orientation and it's very specific regard to sort of thanks here. They're just going to change, you can great simple: it evolved basically saying you know: you've got your heterocycle having to change which.

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Is not clear at.

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That's temporary temporary things market world and these rats haven't you know they just get it automated to the signal for this mike phirman.

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They do it so they're, very different way of looking at latex and and the effects that they're detecting are very simple.

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So they do is not just change the text but they're trying to that's really the paper gold top but you're right that first experiment what they do is they just you know, manipulate layers, and so they made some observations about that. So maybe I can just summarize just multiple pleasure.

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Distribution where it should be helped a.

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Crossing across and it doesn't do it as well.

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Basically, last layer sex, it doesn't perform as well. Now that's them on another line in.

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This case, just trying to psych me get across you want to get over there and first thing we do is say: hey well, I'm simply just strongly activate this, and then you get part of them to show that when they leave the activated, it doesn't happen. Okay, so the same there's a threshold above which I can make right before hooli and now we're talking other below.

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That still performs it, but what happened and she follow saying so- the basic conclusion of this experiment and the other ones. If you weekly activate later six, it.

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It doesn't change the overall performance of the animal in under the change detection scenario, it's sort of like week after day later six animals, the animals lose his ability to patients.

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The animal loses the ability to determine the deviation so indication of your weekly activating later six Baba, a movie.

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But if you strong that with a disruption, so that was sort of like saying, okay, we're not what was on the week paradigm, which doesn't strop behavior, but it does describe change detection.

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That's the I think so you might think of this is the control of your like hey yeah, we've messed things up, we're going to go below that messed things up! That's! What's going on down here,.

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I think it's more deciding how strongly today.

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They're not doing as the decision-making cats just trying to see that it's rough behavior and what happens.

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This one here, the second one now what they're showing here is this is showing here on their that when you give the the miles.

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Player six occupations.

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Activation that it removes the the effect of the movie platform.

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And so when they mildly, activate layer, six that performance difference goes away and the.

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Writer says like it doesn't even notice. That's what this one show solution upon the mineral.

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D means detection, and it's not saying I believe we're talking about different distances. Go back to that. I think that whether they were section of this trial about couldn't jump across the paper really just focus on.

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Yes, so they're saying I'll just jump to one of the other conclusions.

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One of things they showed was the only weakly activate layer. Six, the actual cell population changes in layer, six different sound like it's a spice powder and didn't activate and whole didn't say about that, and and yet and then whatever reason that needs to Lockerbie.

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And right now it is a deviance detection, not have changed, call it change, Batali, there's a static and put on some sensor, and then it changes, there's a dynamic input in the sensor and then their nature. The dynamic input changes I mean they're. Throughout this paper there are so many little caveats in every single result. You just really got it. You know it's just every little one like so, though, there's being boxed in all over the place here sweet.

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This is the introduction of the second experimental paradigm. We do politically chelation Iran change, identity, endless different ensembles, basically saying get himself back to me. Without you to mean my final, a cosplayer so basically mean fine, makes all the other layers activated later six, it changed, but it was- and this is they disobey determined. By doing this, tetra recording and their ego spiking their honor. The jour is rendering fast bike. You know, journalist in problems.

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Then down here is like they're, showing a strong layer. Six activation decreased firing range reduced sensory gain to other levels as an original project. Low-Power ones did not change.

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Small best biking, finally, exchange rubes are going in later. You know, biking the responsive.

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Stuff me that having a sentence like this well, our opportunity garden done mean essentially both. Finally, indeed regulars by any layer and small aspect changed only.

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Responsible, it's not work and.

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Layer, six neurons.

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There's talk about.

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So lots of little later.

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That's like the change in frequency or migrating thing and change the frequency and the amplitude of the vibration of a thing they.

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Then they said there are positive car I changed my foot and a negative change coefficient. So when you, when you make a stronger deviation, does the.

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And contrast the primer course, this is what we're doing. Here's the distinction and contrast the primary for increasing your cleric. Excite QB repeats the stimulus tuning deviations, neither not really increased overall rates of amplitude small for small amplitude deviants I mean.

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Subtle changes so the single path people show them increased rates of activity. It down, pays the small deviations. You don't get.

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So now we do the same thing for later: sick cells.

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And so they're saying a we put in here.

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It's good out of the sum again.

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Okay in some, but the identity of the sensory given ensemble and the amplitude of encoding by logistics now that were distinguishing portable climbing fell out of it was distributed by we non-phonetic drive, despite the no change, no change in activity, that's a hard paper course.

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The identity of the sensory given ensemble.

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Okay, so we've had a weak input. We.

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But when you modify this week election, I do not the genetic variation in the place itself.

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What we basically said there was no activity increase, but the attending in the population and the those disrupted. So again, now you have a weak stimulus. The latest Xu, reflecting the.

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Whiskers and you've got a changing population in there six, but you know.

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Again, I'm sorry, but not so much in these well they're very hard.

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And that's the bottom list on their lyrics, removing.

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This year,.

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Yeah, okay, so.

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What happens in other layers so now they're doing the change.

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Yeah during often very dry, but energy, three neurons can represent current stand with nemesis or positive change officials and reduce their history dependence, meaning there they stop, representing, as you said, your stock representing, be sure to change, because it was just whatever the standard, yeah yeah they're, not sure the relationships recommends this context, but the end of the context of different leaders they're going to change their.

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But that's not the want to keep certain level of our city and you're just tweaking.

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So, basically, that there's when you, when you modulate layer, six, its ability to use affection goes away. Therefore,.

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Six is the provider of deviance occurring to layer. Two three, then, when you remove six layers, we know so this confidently. They can st. equal. Therefore, and later by.

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Any way they talk about like four hours a day five, so the big conclusion is the layer six is representing is required for the students detection and by bothered by small activation of it. You.

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That needs attention I think then they showed that in the church remember partners, there's.

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No Lebanese consistent with art at that level.

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Object: detection yeah.

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It's hard to say what slayers is representing at that point in time.

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They made a point here in this paper somewhere. They make the point here that these exposures have been done primarily in the past, with like audio and if you use all the other there's a lot of pre-processing done on. So some of this deviance detection could have been pre pre cortical humans, being s1 is more direct, so they're saying I was going to.

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I'll say about this.

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They were making distinction here between layer four and let their six versions, letter Q, 3,.

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Says this manipulation also remove the encoding of stability beans in layer. Three.

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In contrast here them contrast, heavy feeders and coating and cooking still in US history, emergent literacy, even on small ex-muslim example, to get your curly positive farmers in their formative. Six, the TBM increases during during high poverty contrast Heather, Knutson coding, so the layer to treat cells shows all the positive negative correlations with so happy. So I have a reduced signal. Strength later. If they compete would say, hi some cells are quite more actively than and if it increased when other player B's of the more actively, but that I wasn't sure my horn they're six.

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Where do they seem to be correlated.

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So then, down here.

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Basically, there are continued the intervention.

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You know they're focusing on unions, which is really a weak part of the predictive models that I highlighted this paragraph here, discussion section.

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It's fine suggestive, sparse ensemble of acting Blair in 2006 was Pacific. Continuity is required for deviance and coding. Okay, that's over one hour lines, two for the population later sex required for deviance. According.

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And then they said this choices to happen. This specific population, elation excels, active during a phonemic Drive, was different from lack of during control conditions, so this changing relationships could lead to disruption of genders and later to three, because this is how we would say, because.

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In addition, we found that population of later 60 t-cells that is active during a manic, drive customers, information.

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Suggesting wide margins.

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So I really I'm not gonna, go into when he killed I. Just there's lots of good love this, where you just spent a half an hour an hour 24 the data, but for me personally, when I need, is unwitting for some insights and just constantly on the radar like something jumped out that I didn't find that too much here. There's a lot of things you didn't know, but they didn't seem to really clearly relate to our work. When I could say you look at the references they had for the circuitry that this was.

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He didn't talk about much, it's all the same old paper that we bring. So there really wasn't.

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Like all this new data about.

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The anatomy here.

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So a lot of people does have another working on their safety. No, no okay, maybe must satisfy its current questions. That I.

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He's very specific.

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Particular why.

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You know teaching thing about when the right.

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You know somehow arrives recognizing something you have the right two types of food and then see you, no cells are active.

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I'm working on it now I guess. The big thing here is like people being helped and that connects come from them being out on Wednesday yeah.

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Sure if you I mean you're, not here, Monday.

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