►
From YouTube: ORI Office Hours - Uplink 3 October 2022
Description
Open discussion about the uplink and whatever participants want to talk about.
A
Oh
just
a
little
teeny
bit,
but
we
can.
We
can
start
and
first
off,
do
you
have
any
questions
in
particular.
B
I'm
really
just
interested
in
what
you
guys
think
gals
have
done
with
your
link
budgets.
A
Oh
okay,
yeah!
That's
actually
something
that
we
need
to
update
because
the
link
budgets
from
the
original
work
by
Jan
king
or
have
a
different
modulation
and
different
coding.
So
they
will
be.
That
will
be
different.
A
Yeah,
no,
we
but.
A
Yes,
the,
let
me
make
sure
I
get
it
right,
the
I'm
not
sure
if
there
was
any
yeah
I
think
there
was
some
Forward
Air
correction
on
the
Uplink
from
from
Jan's
work
from
the
original
heo
proposal.
Let
me
go
see.
A
Since
we
use
it
can
we'll
be
using
a
concatenated
code
from
the
from
dbbs2
and
S2X.
But
let's
talk
about
the
uplink.
A
A
There
we
go
okay,
so
the
uplink
originally
was
one
half
rate,
sequential
plus
RS,
which
I
I'm
gonna
assume
meant,
read:
Solomon
Solomon
right
and
with
the
spectral
offense
efficiency
of
about
a
half
a
bit
per
Hertz,
and
they
were
looking
at
five
kilobits
per
second
or
about
10
kilohertz
channels,
and
we
are
looking
at
larger
ones
and
a
larger
bit
rate.
So
the
the
bit
rate
of
the
of
the
vocoder
is
16
kilobits
per
second
Baseline.
So
that's
where
we're
starting
at
and
we're
we're
thinking.
A
We
can
get
away
with
100
kilohertz
channels,
so
it's
roughly
a
hundred
100
kilohertz
channels,
but
we
need
to
to
do
more
over-the-air
work
and
then
look
carefully
at
the
Doppler.
And
then
the
the
question
has
been
asked.
A
If
we
want
to
stick
with
requiring
coherent
receiver
or
if
we,
if
we
need
to
separate
out
the
the
tones,
it's
four
area
FSK,
we
want
minimum
frequency
shift
keying
or
whether
or
not
we,
whether
we
want
to
space
them
out
at
the
symbol
rate
instead
of
half
the
symbol
rate,
and
so
those
are
the
the
questions
that
were
that
we're
working
on
and
now
is
really
the
time
to
do.
A
No
okay,
so
that's
all
the
assumptions
that
that
that's
pretty
much
is
a
different,
a
different
Uplink.
So
it's
not
like
a
if,
if
they're
doing
the
original
idea
was
10,
kilohertz
channels,
I
think
that's
like
a
thousand
simultaneous
users,
although
it
says
100
users
here
on
the
downlink,
so
I
don't
think
that
they
were
thinking
about
occupying
the
entire
sub-band
on
yeah.
B
B
A
As
much
as
possible,
so
anyway
that's
from
the
the
PowerPoint,
that's
in
the
repository,
that's
what
I'm
looking
at
I
didn't
want
to
try
to
remember
all
recite
all
that
from
memory.
A
We
were
happy
with
qpsk
a
couple
of
years
ago
and
we
were
looking
at
on
a
five
gigahertz
Uplink
that
you'd
need
a
couple
of
watts
and
a
reasonable
size
dish,
and
that
was
plenty
and
it
looked
like
it
would.
It
would
work
fine,
and
that
was
without
any
error
correction
on
the
the
Uplink
at
all
the
type
of
error
correction
that
we
have
it's
a
two
different
types
there
for
the
header
or
what
we
call
the
frame
header.
A
It's
a
golay
encoding,
the
the
12
to
24,
one
that
that
is
used
most
commonly
and
then
it's
a
convolutional,
a
half
rate
convolutional
code
for
the
rest
of
it
and
it's
a
straightforward
and
standard
design,
and
we
have
reasonably
good
performance
with
the
with
the
depth
that
were
that
we
guessed
just
based
on
similar
designs,
so
we'll
we
will
push
it
both
forwards
and
backwards
to
see.
If
there's
any
anything
else
that
can
be,
you
know
for
for
either
performance
or
latency
and
we're
doing
the
standard
interleaving.
A
So
there's
there's
interleaving
in
order
to
improve
the
performance
of
the
convolutional
code
and
then
whitening
or
scrambling
in
order
to
to
make
everything
look
good.
So
all
the
usual
things
are
are
being
done
for
the
uplink.
Today
we
worked
a
little
bit
in
the
lab
and
I.
Don't
have
an
answer
yet,
but
we
picked
up
for
for
experimentation.
We
often
used
the
MD
380,
which
is
a
HT,
and
this
is
a
VHF
UHF
or
actually
you
have.
A
The
md3
is
UHF
only
HC
and
what
we're
trying
to
do
is
to
see
if
that
actually
can
be
used
for
for
some
of
the
demonstrations
and
for
some
of
the
experiments.
Since
we're
looking
at
like
about
a
nine
kilohertz
deviation
for
four
area
FSK.
A
So
it's
a
lot
wider
than
the
usual
bandwidths
from
the
from
the
titera,
but
we
didn't
see
any
reason
why
we
couldn't
try
to
to
use
some
of
the
the
modifications
that
are
commonly
done
in
the
community
and
then
go
ahead
and
try
it
to
see
how
it
would
the
maximum
deviation
is
it'd,
be
kind
of
nice.
So
that's
something
that
we're
that
we're
I
wanted
to
finish
it
before
today's
meeting,
but
Paul
is
still
still
working
on
it.
A
We
we
have
to
remove
a
one
more
capacitor
in
order
to
get
the
the
filter
to
to
be
open
enough
to
do
it,
and
then
the
firmware
from
openrtx
turns
off
things
like
pre-emphasis
and
turns
off
filtering,
and
then
we
comment
out
a
little
bit
of
code
and
then
we're
able
to
to
drive
signals
and
then
we'll
measure
the
the
maximum
deviation.
So
it'd
be
nice
to
add
another
bit
of
hardware
for
for
people
to
experiment
for
both
space
and
terrestrial.
So
this
is
obviously
a
terrestrial
solution.
Another
implementation,
that's
that's
made.
A
A
lot
of
progress
is
the
hack
RF
plus
the
portapac.
We
were
stopped
for
a
little
bit
by
an
interesting
problem.
There
is
a
microphone
transmit
application
and
the
bandwidths
are
plenty
plenty
wide
for
this.
For
what
we're
doing,
but
the
the
transmit,
the
FM
transmit.
You
know
just
a
simple
FM
transmit
mode
on
the
on
the
hacker
rep
and
the
porter
pack,
the
the
audio
quality
was
terrible.
A
It
was
really
bad,
it
sounded
overdriven
and
pretty
trashed,
and
it
turns
out
that
the
the
audio
codec
was
not
set
up
the
way
that
it
probably
should
have
been.
So
there
was
a
a
filter
setup
and
a
and
a
you
know
the
patterns
of
of
digital
stuff
that
you
send
off
to
the
audio
codec
when
it
first
fires
up
was
just
not
being
done.
The
one
of
the
the
sets
of
instructions
did
not
exist
in
the
table
in
the
data
sheet,
so
fortunately
that
was
you
know.
A
Even
somebody
like
me
can
figure
out
that
it's
not
being
set
up
right.
It
didn't
require
any.
You
know
super
difficult
coding
or
reverse
engineering,
and
now
the
that
particular
combination
sounds
really
good,
so
we
may
be
able
to
get
into
the
the
build
that
everybody
uses
with
our
Uplink
protocol,
and
then
people
can
experiment
with
it
with
a
hack,
RF
and
a
porter
pack.
The
porter
pack
is
really
neat.
It
just
gives
like
a
it,
turns
your
hacker
ref
into
essentially
a
really
big
HT.
A
It
gives
you
a
screen,
a
touch
screen
and
a
five-way
button
and
a
rotary,
rotary
dial
and
then
I
mean
that's
that's
pretty
much
all
you
need
for
for
good,
solid
user
interface.
A
So
our
idea
is
to
use
that
and
try
to
finish
that
up
for
sounding
rocket
tests
for
opulent
voice
over
the
next
year,
so
yeah
those
are
those
are
all
the
updates
from
that
are
recent
for
the
for
the
Uplink
and
I
should
probably
show
you
something
else
that
we're
trying
to
decide,
because
you
might
be
able
to
give
some
opinions
on
this
I
think
I'll
go
ahead
and
try
to
share
the
screen
and.
A
A
A
So
from
left
to
right,
it's
like
the
you
have
the
IQ
samples
that
goes
into
essentially
a
physical
layer,
and
then
we
have
our
p4xt
Uplink
frames
and
then
there's
Opus.
So
Opus
is
the
the
open
source
voice
codec
that
we're
using
okay.
So
that's
kind
of
like
the
layers,
let's
overview
of
the
current
implementation.
B
A
You
there's
a
there's
a
there's,
a
already
a
standard
for
putting
Opus
into
RTP,
which
does
give
you
a
lot
of
benefits.
That
would
be
very
good
for
digital
voice
so
to
have
a
real-time
protocol
and
when
you
load
up
Opus
into
RTP
P,
you
have
to
put
them
in
there
in
a
packet
format,
which
means
you
add
one
byte.
So
it's
one
byte
header
for
for
opus.
A
Okay,
that's
not
too
bad,
but
when
you
get
to
RTP,
then
I
think
it's
on
the
order
of
like
12,
bytes,
UDP
I
think
is
eight
and
IP
I
think
is
a
10
or
20.
You
know,
and
so
we're
starting
to
look
at
a
lot
of
overhead.
For
you.
A
A
Then
you
know
so
this
we're
going
to
go
ahead
and
build
this
because
there's
this
is,
you
know
the
other
satellite
people
in
the
industry
tell
me
that
they
use
voice
over
IP
for
for
similar
systems
and
you
know
and
it
and
it
works
great,
and
they
think
that
the
voice
quality
that
we
that
we're
getting
was
16
kilobit
per
second
Opus
is
great,
so
lots
of
thumbs
up
but
I'm
a
little
worried
about
the
amount
of
overhead.
A
So
if
we,
if
we
keep
our
Uplink
to
just
voice,
codec
frames
and
our
own,
you
know
Uplink
frame
header
which
tells
you
just
the
bare
minimum.
It
does
the
authentication
and
authorization
token.
It
tells
you
if
this
is
a
bit
error
rate
test
or
if
it's
the
last
frame
that
you're
getting
you
know
those
sorts
of
things,
and
it
tells
you
who's,
sending
it
too,
so
that
we're
are
always
legal.
So
every
frame
has
the
you
know.
Essentially
your
call
sign
in
it.
A
Okay,
so
we
could
just
stay
there
and
then
that's
what
we
transmit
up
to
a
payload,
whether
it's
a
ground
sat
on
a
Mountaintop
or
whether
it's
in
space
as
a
as
a
satellite
and
then
maybe
the
satellite
adds
all
of
these
other
layers,
because
it
would
have
the
horsepower
to
do
so
and
that
on
the
downlink,
when
you
receive
voice
information,
it
then
has
RTP
UDP
IP
and
you
can
use
anything
from
VLC
to
HTML5
in
order
to
receive
and
to
understand,
audio
and
another
advantage
to
this
is
that
it
can
be
audio
or
data.
A
It
doesn't
matter
so
anyway.
That's
the
decisions
that
we're
that
we're
trying
to
work
through
this
week
and
the
upper
part
that
physical
and
then
P,
Forex,
T,
Uplink
frame
and
Opus-
that's
been
demonstrated
over
the
air
now
several
times
and
we'll
be
demonstrating
it
again
in
November
at
San,
Bernardino
microwave
Society,
we'd
really
like
to
demonstrate
the
bottom
one
by
November
we
may
be
able
to
we're
already
starting
to
integrate
in
RTP,
so
we
may
get
some
of
these
answers
like.
Is
it
too
much
overhead?
Does
it
make
the
signal
too
big?
B
A
Right
exactly
and
don't
forget,
Doppler,
don't
forget
this
yeah
yeah!
So
yeah,
that's
that's
the
the
headlines.
A
You
know
it's.
The
the
good
news
is
that
it
sounds
great.
It's
the
really
just
just
like
with
cars
and
and
engines,
there's
really
no
replacement
for
displacement.
You
know
you
just
you
need
more
bits
to
sound
good
and,
of
course,
you.
B
A
And
it
so
it
does,
it
actually
sounds
pretty
darn
good.
You
can
still
tell
it's
a
if
you
listen
close
and
then
it
it
will
actually
pass
through
a
bit
of
music
at
16
kilobits
per
second.
But
it's
not
perfect,
but
boy.
Is
it
better
than
3200?
You.
A
So
I'm
we're
all
happy
about
that.
I
think
that
we
would
like
now
to
to
be
able
to
to
take
advantage
of
those
those
protocol
layers,
but
not
if
it's
gonna
make
it
to
where
the
the
transmitting
it
is.
You
know
too
too
big
like
if
you
have
to
go
to
a
200
kilohertz
channel,
for
this
I'm
gonna
get
a
little
nervous
so.
B
A
B
Know
I'm
just
really
joining
a
meeting
just
to
get
an
understanding
of
what
you're
up
to
what
you're
up
against.
So
sorry
about
the
background,
noise
and-
and
you
know,
I'm
a
little
surprised-
you
only
have
three
participants.
A
Well,
we
try.
We
try
to
have
office
hours
as
often
as
possible
and
and
all
and
I
try
to
to
make
the
time
varied
and
I
do
know
that
a
couple
of
people
are
in
the
lab
and
and
working.
B
A
Am
I'm
on
on
the
west
coast
now,
so
it's
about
a
quarter
after
five
yeah,
okay,
you
know
but
I'm
hoping
to
to
allow
as
many
people
as
possible
to
to
touch
base
and
to
hear
it
firsthand
and
to
to
be
able
to
contribute
their
ideas
and
and
feedback.
So
you
know
we'll
we'll
just
keep
keep
doing
it
and
keep
moving
around
the
moving
around
the
clock
so
that
we
can
get
as
many
folks
up.
A
We
do
there's
a
couple
of
different
choices:
there's
a
there's,
a
pretty
good
one.
It's
actually
external
took
a
new
radio,
but
there's
a
a
one.
A
That's
often
used
with
gnu
radio,
and
since
we
have
our
Uplink
in
gnu
radio,
already,
that's
probably
the
first
one
that
we'll
use
to
to
test
it,
and
we
also
have
a
have
a
pretty
neat
Doppler
simulator
in
Matlab,
so
in
between
in
between
those
two
things,
I
think
we'll
be
able
to
to
do
a
decent
simulation,
the
the
advantage
to
to
gnu
radio
and
I'm
sure
you
could
do
this
with
Matlab
too,
but
with
new
radio.
You
can
also
add
other
effects
all
on
top
of
Doppler,
so
you
know
pointing
error
noise.
A
B
Know
rain
fade
because.
A
B
A
Yeah,
that
is
a
the
frequencies
that
we're
looking
at.
They
have
that
well,
they're,
all
different.
You
know
it's
every
all.
All
these
bands
have
their
own
very
interesting
quirks,
but
especially
at
24
gigahertz.
So
if
we,
if
we
use
that
one,
then
we
are
definitely
going
to
have
to
and
it's
sort
of
an
advantage
in
a
way.
So
we
get
a
lot
of
essentially
like
an
opportunity
for
a
lot
of
free
science,
so
to
speak
with
some
good
Sensor
Fusion.
A
A
Absolutely
five,
five
gigahertz
on
the
Uplink
I,
don't
know
a
little
bit,
but
not
as
dramatically
as
the
others.
But
yes
in
in
the
simulations
we
will
be
able
to
put
this
in
the
link
budget
from
from
Jan
King
that
we
use
has
a
an
extensive
atmospheric
modeling
function
in
it.
So
it's
it's
really
well
done
and
you
can
get
based
on
the
where
you
put
your
ground
station.
So
you
pick,
you
know
where.
B
Where
is
it
right
and
then
different,
ABC
I
forget
the
yes
I
haven't
done
that
in
a
few
years,
so.
A
Yes,
yeah,
he
used,
he
included
the
itu
rain
model
right
right,
yeah
it
and
it's
it's
pretty
cool
because
there's
places
you
know
so
just
fooling
around
with
it.
It's
there's,
there's
you
would
it
you
would
not.
You
would
not
expect
that
that
you
know
this
City
versus
versus
that
area
would
be
so
different,
but
they
they
definitely
are
yeah.
A
Yes
and
there's
a
there's
quite
a
difference
on
some
frequencies,
so
so
we're
fortunate
that
we
have.
We
have
that.
You
know
the
the
link
budget
that
has
all
the
the
weather
data
in
it
and
lots
and
lots
of
places
to
configure
the
system.
So
it's
a
it's.
It's
a
it's
a
pretty
hefty
link
budget.
We
have
a
couple
of
the
simpler
ones
too.
A
You
know
just
single
sheets
spreadsheets
that
you
know
can
give
you
at
least
a
first
order,
approximation
and
they're
conservative.
So
they
just
assume
you
know
the
worst
case
and
you
kind
of
want
to
start
out
with
those
and
then
yeah,
yeah
and
work.
Your
way
up
to
this.
B
Yeah,
have
you
done
any
trade
space?
You
know
for
doing
like
a
swap
analysis
on
different
bands.
Different
physical
sizes,
I'm,
not
sure
what
your
space
is
on
the
on
the
bird,
how
much
room
you
have
what
how
much
weight
you
can
support?
How
much
power
dissipation
you
can
handle
I
was
just
curious
to
say,
but
I'm
I'm
just
throwing
this
out
there,
because
I
mean
you're
right.
B
A
It
was
started
to
and
it's
it's
that
is
ongoing,
primarily
because
we
started
out
assuming
a
five
gigahertz
Uplink
and
a
10
gigahertz
downlink,
and
then,
when
we,
when
we
really
kind
of
dug
in
to
to
see
what
was
out
there
in
terms
of
spacecraft
rather
than
just
yeah,
we
were,
we've
always
assumed
that
we
would
be
primarily
focused
on
the
communications
part
and
just
provide
cards.
You
know,
or
you
know,
Circle
it's
so
stepping
up
into
well.
A
Let's
look
at
look
at
this
more
holistically
and
and
see
if
there's
any
open
source
designs
and
when
we
we
came
across
the
the
open
source,
heo
design
from
from
Jan
King
and
from
from
his
team
and
decided
to
revive
it.
Well,
the
there
is
additional
frequencies
there
and
he
had
made
decisions
and
had
the
start
good
start
on
a
trade
study.
So
we
looked
at
combining
these
two
and
then
the
suggestion
was
well.
A
A
The
proposal
from
Jan
King
actually
had
a
lot
of
frequencies
on
it
and
and
showed
that
the
volume
could
be
achieved
with
a
6u,
so
spacecraft,
but
it
was
still
at
a
high,
pretty
high
level,
so
the
we
do
have
because
we
have
a
slightly
more
advanced
design
that
we
in
order
for
failure
for
it
to
fail
over
and
not
just
fail.
So
the
the
digital
part
needs
to
be
able
to
fail
gracefully.
B
A
Though
so
those
are
additional
losses
and
additional
space
and
power,
consumption
and
complexity,
and
so
I,
don't
think
it
does
not
look
like
that's
going
to
be
a
deal
breaker,
but
the
detail
work
on
that
is
is
ongoing,
and
so
the
the
trade
studies
are
are
starting
or
have
started
and
adding
the
additional
frequencies
really
needs.
Some
lots
of,
of
course,
needs
lots
of
of
scrutiny.
A
It
would
be
super
nice
to
be
able
to
to
do
them
all
you
know,
but
we
can
clearly
see
what
where
we
can
modularize
and
and
where
we
can,
you
know,
drop
things
off
and
yeah,
so
it'll
it'll
be
all
this
will
be
published
as
we
as
it's
created
as
we
go
along,
so
you
can
start
to
see
the
the
beginnings
of
the
the
trade-offs
and
and
especially
when
it
comes
to
power
consumption.
So
that's
the
first
thing
that
I
think
we're
going
to
need
to
to
determine
is
the
you
know.
A
What
what
can
we
tolerate
for
power
dissipation?
We
sort
of
already
know
just
based
on
other
similar
designs.
What
the
upper
limit
is,
and
so
we
better
not
have
to
exceed
that
and
the
the
use
of
electric
propulsion
having
a
or
an
array
of
of
lots
of
Electric
engines.
That's
going
to
change
the
power
consumption
pattern
quite
a
bit.
So
that's
the
first
thing
that
we
are
trying
to
quantify
and
then
out
out
of
that
budget.
You
need
so
much
for
your
engines.
A
Can
you
achieve
your
mission
and
then,
after
that,
can
you
achieve
your
Communications
mission
without
having
to
go
up
in
size?
So
if
this
this
is
at
least
a
6u,
and
you
know
the
the
the
people
that
that
work
in
spacecraft
say
that
it's
achievable,
but
it's
it's
ambitious
and
they're.
You
know
so
that
we're
very
fortunate
to
have
good
advice
and
and
people
kind
of
looking
it
over
and
and
saying.
No,
it's
not
it's
not
crazy,
which
is
great
to
hear.
A
It's
a
good
question,
that's
where
that's
it's
it!
That's
the
bottom.
I
think
that's
it's
gonna
be
have
to
be
at
least
six.
You
I,
don't
I,
don't
see
how
you
can
fit
I,
don't
see
how
we
could
fit
in
anything
smaller
with
anything
that
we
can
afford
to
build
or
buy.
We.
You
could
do
this
with
us
if
you
had
an
unlimited
budget
and
and
a
large
team
of
people.
You
know
from
you.
B
A
Right
exactly,
you
could
cram
it
into
something
smaller,
you
know.
But
if
you
look
at
designs
like
the
Marco
cubesats
now
it's
a
JPL
project
and
and
millions
of
dollars
went
into
those
cubesats
but
they're
six
U
cubesats
with
reflectory
antennas.
They
have
approximately
the
same
type
of
microwave
gear
that
we're
looking
at
and
they
went
to
Mars
and
they
both
worked.
So
you
know-
and
it's
it's
you
when
you
look
at
a
design
like
that
yeah,
it's
the
higher
end
stuff
and
wow-
that
JPL
machine
shop
is
amazing.
A
Know
but
when
you,
when
you
look
at
the
parameters
and
you
look
at
how
much
they
were
able
to
fit
in
to
to
what
they
view,
is
a
very
inexpensive
spacecraft,
then
we're
we're
not
out
of
line
with
with
starting
out
as
a
6u
and
we
may
have
to.
We
may
have
to
make
it
bigger,
I
kind
of
hope,
not
because
then
it
gets
a
lot
more
expensive
in
terms
of
trying
to
launch
it.
6U
is
actually
okay,
I
think
we
can.
A
We
can
hack
that
we'll
be
able
to
do
it,
but
if
it
has
to
be
huge
for
some
reason,
then
it's
going
to
be
I,
don't
know
how
to
be
less
likely
to
to
get
to
get
in
it's
going
to
be
hard
to
get
a
launch
period,
but
it'd
be
much
more
easy
with
a
6u
than
with
something
larger.
B
Any
any
thoughts
on
just
having
a
single
I
mean
we're
doing
all
this
Digi
or
you're.
You
you're
doing
all
this
digital
analysis
and
and
modem
designs,
but
any
thought
of
just
having
a
simple
analog
transponder.
Yes,
it
should
fit
in
the
background.
Yes,.
A
That's
I
think
that
that's
definitely
in
the
in
the
ballpark.
Obviously
we
want
to
put
up
something.
That's
you
know
digital
in
order
to
take
advantage
of
of
all
of
the
benefits
it
gives
you,
but
we
are
pretty
firmly
pragmatic
about
like
if
that
digital
stuff
fails
or
if
you,
if
you
want
to
to
you,
know
the
the
switches
aren't
just
there
for
when
it
fails,
but
but
yeah
it
would
essentially
be
able
to
be
able
to
switch
over
to
just
a
transponder.
What
goes
in
comes
out.
A
That's
going
to
have
to
be
tested
pretty
thoroughly.
You
know
to
have
that.
It's
not
a
completely
unknown
method
to
to
do
this.
You
know,
but
if
you
design
something
for
a
for
a
digital,
you
know
link
budget
with
all
the
advantages
and
gains
and
stuff,
and
then
say:
oh
here
you
go.
Here's!
Here's
a
linear
transponder!
A
Would
be
able
to
hit
it
unless
they
had
a
gigantic
dish?
So
that's
just
a
gut
instinct
thing,
so
we
want
to
be
very
cautious,
but
but
the
answer
is
yeah.
You
know
that
it's
that
would
just
make
the
most
sense
you
don't
want
to
to
be.
You
want
to
get
the
most
possible
out
of
a
Communications
resource
and
yeah.
A
B
You
know
to
gain
uplinks
and
downlinks
and
get
a
decent
signal
report,
and
you
know
I
was
just
saying
you
know
they
used
to
remember:
they
used
to
switch
modes
at
different
times
of
the
day
or
a
week
or
and
yeah
I'm
not
saying
to
do
that
or
not
do
that.
It's
just
maybe
reminiscing
a
little
bit,
but.
B
Point
you
know
the
FM
birds
are
now
the
cubesats
are
now
they're,
just
simple
FF
transponders,
everybody
jump
on,
but
simple
antennas
and
because
there's
still
going
to
be
people
who
are
going
to
say,
I,
don't
want
to
get
into
this
digital
world
into
the
digital
domain
and
and
start
downloading
firmware
and
and
worrying
about
all
that.
So
you
know
I'm,
just
speaking,
maybe
for
more
Elementary's
point
of
view,
but
just
a
thought.
A
No
I
think
it's
wise,
I
think
I
would
say
you're
speaking
from
from
a
position
of
wisdom,
so
we'll
we'll
know
a
whole
lot
more
when,
when
we
finish
building
the
RF
side
of
it
and
that's
so
far,
parts
of
it
are
built.
The
main,
the
main
part
that
that
we've
been
spending
time
on
is
is
the
digital
algorithms
and
the
modem
design.
A
B
A
Yeah
so
we're
just
very,
very
fortunate
that
we're
able
to
to
experiment
with
large
FPA,
fpgas
and
and
with
the
the
adrb
9371,
a
really
nice
Analog,
Devices,
rfic
yeah,
you
know
it's
so
so
we
we're
fortunate
there
it
it
always
moves
slower
than
you
want.
So
it's
like
I
would
really,
like
the
whole
end
to
end
to
be
done
already.
A
You
know,
but
it's
making
steady
progress
and
and
as
soon
as
that
end
to
end
starts
happening,
and
we
can
either
really
stress
it
stress
test
it
in
the
lab
or
what
I
would
prefer
is
to
move
it
to
a
Mountaintop
somewhere
in
Southern,
California
or
wherever
it
can
be
hosted,
and
then
people
break
it
like
figure
out
what
doesn't
work.
A
Do
we
have
a
collection,
I've
got
little
bags
and
boxes
of
all
sorts
of
stuff
to
lash
together,
you
know
so
so
it's
a
we've
got
a
variety
of
things
that
are
are
appropriate
for
for
putting
in
a
box
and
then
putting
on
a
on
a
mountain.
A
So
so
we've
been
collecting
enclosures
and
up
and
down
converters
and
amplifiers,
and
talking
about
band
plans
with
the
like,
with
scrubba
and
other
people,
just
to
make
sure
that
you
know
for
the
terrestrial
part,
we
don't
stomp
on
anybody
or
make
anybody
super
mad
and
and
yeah
that
I
think
that
that's
that's
going
to
reveal
a
lot
so
I'm
I'm
betting,
that
a
lot
of
our
assumptions
will
be
challenged
or
will
or
or
will
be
borne
out.
You.
B
A
B
A
certain
bandwidth,
you
don't
want
a
lot
of
that'll
start
screwing,
your
your
eyes
and
q's
significantly
doing
the
transmission
so
and
then
next
thing
you
know
you
have
all
these
bid
errors
and
you
don't
understand.
A
B
A
We
we
started
out
with
the
the
Uplink
receiver
polyphase
filter
bank,
because
we
figured
that
might
be
tricky,
that's
an
interesting
math
and
and
it's
very
cool
and
it's
very
efficient
way
to
do
sort
of
a
receiver
design,
and
we
so
that's
the
first
part
that
we
demonstrated,
but
that's
the
part
that
that
I'm
most
concerned
about
duplicating
over
and
over
again
so
to
have
100
100,
simultaneous
channels,
even
a
really
big
fpga.
A
It
looks
like
it'll
work,
you
know
but,
like
like
I
said,
it
doesn't
work
until
it's,
it
doesn't
work
until
you
test
it
and
it
need
to
see
it
working
over
the
air.
The
most
we've
ever
had
is
eight
channels,
and
it
worked
okay
on
on
a
general
purpose,
processor
running,
good
new
radio
and
getting
a
little
bit
of
help
from
a
usrp,
so
eight
worked,
but
we
but
the
the
code
base.
We
were
using
from
from
Theseus
cores,
it's
a
team
called
Theseus
cores
and
they
write.
A
Usually,
the
general
purpose,
processor
is
doing
all
the
fun
DSP
stuff,
and
so
that
was
their
goal,
so
we
took
their
code
and
then
and
then
ran
it
and
we
tried
to
to
run
it.
You
know:
okay,
let's
put
in
100
channels
in
it
and
it
the
code
had
a
limitation.
A
It
turns
out
only
eight
channels
and
anything
above
that
wouldn't
work,
and
so
they,
then
they,
you
know
they
knew
about
this
limitation,
so
the
next
time
around,
which
will
be
soon
if
they
haven't
fixed
that
yet
which
they
may
or
may
not
have.
Since
most
people,
you
know,
eight
eight
channels
is
plenty
for
most
polyface
Ultra
bags.
A
You
know,
but
we'll
have
to
dig
in
and
figure
out
what
exactly
was
preventing
the
you
that
particular
SDR
from
from
doing
more
than
eight
channels.
So
it's
stuff
like
that
crops
up
all
the
time
you
know,
and
it
it's
a
complicated
enough
project
to
where
all
these
sorts
of
these
sorts
of
things
happen.
A
A
So
that's
coming
the
you
know
we're
going
to
do
a
pretty
simple
Uplink
receiver
in
in
the
fpga
to
start
out
with,
so
it
won't,
it
won't
even
have
a
there
won't
be
a
polyphase
filter,
Bank
to
start
out
with
it'll,
be
just
a
couple
of
channels
and
pretty
traditional
receiver
for
the
for
the
Uplink
at
first
very
good,
yeah.
A
Yeah,
it's
good
stuff,
we've
gotten,
we've
all
learned
a
tremendous
amount
and
the
response
has
been
especially
ever
since
demonstrating
at
Defcon.
The
response
has
been
increasingly
positive,
so.
B
A
B
A
B
A
A
Yeah
Hardware
people
in
general,
Hardware
people
are
in
a
short
supply
yeah
every
all
of
the
people
that
I
talk
to
that
are
trying
to
hire.
Hardware
designers
are
the
number
one
thing
fpga
and
hardware
and
I'm
just
I
wonder
where
they
all
are,
or
you
know
what
we're
I
wonder
what
we're
seeing
you
know,
I
wonder
what
the
what's
going
on
it
I
don't
know,
but
but
it
it
appears
to
be
a
ongoing
shortage.
So.
B
Yeah,
it
certainly
is
I'm
I
I,
just
retired,
from
being
in
the
defense
World,
and
that
was
a
hardware
development
manager
for
ew
and
data
links.
And
you
know
the
people
with
experience
were
all
the
older
gentlemen
and
ladies
who
were
ready
to
retire.
Yeah
young
younger
people
didn't
have
the
skill
sets
that
we
needed,
especially
in
RF
and
firmware.
Oh.
B
Programming
is
so
popular,
oh
dear,
okay,
yeah,
if
you
know
the
the
kids
are
learning
a
lot
of
tools
in
college.
That
industry
doesn't
have
or-
or
you
know,
is
using,
but
they're
not
experienced
enough
to
use
it
properly.
So
there's
a
lot
of
problems
with
parasitic
problems
and
dielectric
problems
and
and
that
are
not
skills
that
they
learned
while
they
were
in
school.
B
You
know,
so
we
had
some
problems
in
that
Arena,
where
okay
we're
using
a
little
board
material.
You
know
the
wrong
types
of
capacitors.
It's
a
couple,
easy
coupling
yeah
a
little
nuances
that
take
experience
more
than
just
something
you're
getting
out
of
it.
B
B
You
don't
even
you
know
it's
something,
almost
very
difficult
to
model
yeah
yeah,
so
you
know
we,
the
hard
part
was
keeping
people
and
right
now
the
industry
is
just
stealing
Peter
to
pay
Paul,
but
they're
just
going
around
in
circles
they're
in
they
go
to
a
company.
They
get
paid
a
lot
of
money.
Then
they
don't
like
the
job
anymore.
They
move
on
to
something
else.
But
yeah
there's
not
a
lot
of
depth
right.
A
B
Wow
and
we're
certainly
we're
struggling
with
it.
You.
A
Know:
okay.
B
A
I
I
I,
I'm
I'm,
a
raging,
Optimist
and
and
I
I
guess
you
kind
of
have
to
be
yeah,
yeah
I
suspect,
I
bet.
You
know,
because
it's
just
in
everything
that
that
I'm
involved
with
the
the
supply
chain,
challenges
and
I
suspect
what
will
happen
is
it'll,
be
bad
until
one
day
The
Log
Jam
will
break
and
all
of
a
sudden
it
will
be
good
because
supply
chain
is
so
complicated
and
there's
so
many
different
parts
to
it.
A
It's
like
a
very
complicated
design
and
you
just
keep
you
know,
keep
working
and
working
and
working
and
then
eventually,
there's
there's
this
weird
organic
thing
that
just
kind
of
happens.
Enough
goes
right
to
where
to
where
you
get
a
signal
through
or
something
like
that.
You
know
it's
it's
at
some
point.
It
has
to
improve
I
guess.
B
Yeah
I
mean
you
would
be
cool
from
supply
chain
in
from
the
stock
market.
A
Yeah
yeah
the
the
yeah
we're
the
the
ones
that
we're
targeting
not
available.
It's
it's.
You
know
and
I
I
I.
Guess
you
y'all.
We
all
learned
these
things.
You
know
by
doing
them
by
trying
them-
and
you
know
so
early
on.
You
know
we're
just
trying
to
get
raspberry
pies
because
they're
pretty.
B
A
A
disposable
thing
right
and
we
sprinkle
them
around
and
we
do
all
sorts
of
stuff
with
Raspberry
Pi
and
you
know
so
I
go
to
order
it
and
it
says
52
weeks
and
I'm
like
I
was
like
oh
52
weeks.
Okay!
Well,
you
know
that'll
that
that's
what
it
is
now,
but
it'll
get
better
well.
I
didn't
know
that.
That's
just
the
max!
That's
like
that's
it's
railed,
so
that
was
that
was
the
tile.
A
B
A
A
It
could
be
132,
but
there
were
like
50
today
we
just
figured
that's
it.
You
know
that's
and
so
I
was
like.
Oh
okay,
you
know
it
kind
of
sunk
in
that
we're
never
gonna
get
anymore.
The
Raspberry
Pi
is
just
ever
so
often
you'll
get
an
order
to
go
through.
So
a
lot
of
these
things,
you
know
I
think
we
had
gotten
all
of
us.
A
You
then,
with
a
few
keystrokes,
you
can
get
your
GitHub
repository
to
do
the
that
you
know
doing
thing
that
you
want
slapping
RTL
SDR
in
there
and
off
you
go
and
you
can
do
hundreds
of
different
cool
things
and
not
being
able
to
order
them
has
definitely
changed
the
way
that
a
lot
of
us
approach
you
know
designs.
So
a
lot
a
lot
of
reusing
and
and
rummaging
through
desk
drawers
and
repurposing.
A
For
silly
things
you
know
so
it's
it's
been,
it's
been
challenging,
but
you
know
fortunately
the
big
ticket
stuff
for
for
our
remote
Labs,
so
the
lab
equipment
and
the
fpga
stations
we
got
some
Pluto's
and
we've
got
some
some
dbs2
gear
that
can't.
B
A
Get
so
you
know,
we've
got
the
things
for
people
to
use.
Now
it's
a
it's
a
question
of
continuing
to
advertise
that
if
you
want
to
do
open
source
work
and
you're,
if
you're
zany
enough
to
want
to
do
open
source
fpga
work,
you
know
then
we've
got
you.
We've
got
your
back
and
it's
been.
The
biggest
challenge
is
just
getting
the
word
out
that
we're
we're
doing
this
and
we'll
support
you
and,
and
you
can
learn
stuff
and
and
it
it's
stuff.
A
That's
that's
in
demand,
so
you
know
we
have
actually
had
people.
You
know
this.
It's
it's
one
of
those
things
like
you
mentioned
before,
when
people
will
show
up
and
they'll
learn
a
little
bit
and
then
leave
you
know,
so
we
do
actually
have
people
that
have
have
have
learned
and
contributed
a
bit
and
then
been
hired
or
promoted,
and
then
don't
have
time
to
work
on
his
stuff
anymore,
but
I
view
that,
as
like
a
success,
that's
why
it's
one
of
our
primary
missions
is
to
educate
people.
It's
just
like.
A
B
A
A
B
A
Oh
very
good,
yeah
I
can
now
what
I'll
do
is
I'll
put
the
I'll
put
the
link
to
the
our
document
that
talks
about
the
like
gives
you
a
little
more
of
the
details,
the
tracking
document.
You
might
already
have
this
sumio,
but
let
me
I'll
put
it
in
chat
so
that
you,
you
have
a
reference
to
to
what
we're
what
we're
up
to.
A
Let's
see
yeah
that
should
that
should
work.
So
that's
kind
of
a
description.
That's
where
all
the
the
pictures
from
earlier
and
then
we
still
have
to
fill
in
some
of
this.
So
it's
but
it's
it's
coming
along.
This
describes
the
Uplink.
This
is
our
Uplink
tracking
tracking
document
yeah,
and
if
you
any
questions
that
you
have
just,
let
me
know
and
I
will
answer
them.
B
B
With
the
connecting
the
internet
and
over
the
satellite
communication
using
the
intern,
UDP
or
the
other
digital
transfer
communication,
so
it's
a
very
interesting
for
me.