Open Source Ecology Modern Steam Engine, 18 Aug 2020

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From YouTube: 4D Printing +Saturated Water

Description

Back from the June 2019 Open Source Microfactory STEAM Camp - we have a lesson on 4D printing. What is 4D printing? When you add the time dimension - shape that changes with time. This is almost a trivial example - but here is how we take a 90 degree shape and make it flat.

In the second part of the video, I talk about saturated water and solar thermal energy for electricity generation. https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Saturated_Water

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It's guaranteed if you're, on a flat table, so the the idea of a flat table is important like if you have a flat table, you can weld something on it, it'll be flat, or if you want to straighten this out hands off, I don't need to do that. Table is already straight. So how do we do it?

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And we're not gonna put too much emphasis on it, but watch what happens?

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Do it with my eyes closed? But no because I wanna see where I am, but this is plastic plastic melts. This is hot. We can make this with our nichrome heater elements in a 3d printed casing and an open source electric motor, a good product.

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That one used to do the same so william. I think who did this? uh You need to do that. It's it's a flat table, so this one will fall down. I think it already fell down right, so yeah there's a little bit of photo yeah, so I'm holding it down, but that's like okay done so we can move on to somebody might just just hold that just flat so because it's still wet and soft. I mean this so what I noticed yesterday and give me that one I didn't notice the time.

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Well, I noticed yesterday was in the sun. I left it in a car, and this thing just all got bent up the solar thermal gain on this, because this is a black body, sigma t to the fourth for the physics people radiation black body radiation. If you, the same white ones were out there, nothing happened to them and this thing got worked up and I straightened it out already, but this captures heat because it's black and it's enough it's enough.

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The solar energy is enough to actually completely distort it and warp it so don't leave it out, like I did yesterday in the sun. I didn't know that was the sun was hot enough to do that, because the melting point of that is uh what is it glass transition one um I found that pla starts melting around like 150 celsius celsius.

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Now the sun is not like. I haven't, started being able to exclude it. Oh by the way, the calculations, the sun, only gets it up to 90 degrees. So how did that warp up? If it's, if it melts at 150? Well, you can still get slight little creep, but if you look at the actual, this is important and sigma t to the fourth which is law on physics.

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It talks about what, when you have energy from the sun, this is relevant for, like solar thermal anything, energy on the sun will get metal hot up to 90 degrees celsius. You can calculate it because what you have is solar gain, but what do you have coming out of this? It radiates it actually radiates its actual electromagnetic radiation thermal radiation, but the rate of radiation is such that radiation increases as temperature goes up like a hot piece of metal when it starts glowing red.

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That thing is throwing up a lot of heat uh same as with this. When you get higher temperature, you throw off more heat. It happens with the thousand watts per square meter from the sun, which is the amount of energy. You will get it hot to 90 degrees celsius.

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You can actually calculate that it's on a wiki, but it's in the thermal design, section, of course, but that's a cool thing to know which says that like, if you have solar thermal for electricity applications like for solar, concentrator, you're getting orange 90 celsius, so that means like one or two concentration gets you above the boiling point of water.

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You can store boiling water in, what's known as saturated water. It's water, that's above 100, that's in the pressure vessel that you do not allow to evaporate with a very basic solar, concentrated system. You can get that I'm kind of getting up here on that, but it's important for the sake of like, if you're talking about renewable energy, to understand that the sun almost gets you enough to that big question of energy storage, because saturated water is a way to store energy.

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I'll talk a little bit about this, like basically yeah I'd like to hear more about that numerical literacy, but you can store saturated water and has intense amount of energy, so you have a vessel at above 100 celsius under pressure, but not too much pressure like 200 psi, uh and that, like the energy density of that is, is enough that you can replace batteries when you run that energy through some extraction system such as a steam engine heat engine of some sort anyway, cool thing to think about, because we can get past the battery stuff, which I mentioned about the concept of abundant materials.

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Water is abundant. You don't need batteries with lithium ion. You can use water and metal pressure vessels.

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People, let's wake up like the renewable energy, is possible. That kind of stuff, I believe, is quite possible, is just take somebody doing it.

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Okay, let's look at these.