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From YouTube: Sustainability, Machine Learning, AR/VR and 5G: AI for Good - Paul Mclachlan (Ericsson Research)
Description
Sustainability, Machine Learning, AR/VR and 5G: AI for Good
Paul Mclachlan (Ericsson Research)
OpenShift Commons Gathering on Data Science
January 28, 2021
https://commons.openshift.org/gatherings/OpenShift_Commons_Gathering_on_Data_Science.html
Find out more about OpenShift Commons, please visit: https://commons.openshift.org
A
Good
afternoon
I'm
paul
mclaughlin,
I'm
a
research
leader
and
I'm
part
of
erickson
research
based
in
santa
clara
california.
Today,
I'm
going
to
be
talking
about
how
erickson
is
using
ai
to
help
address
sustainability
and
climate
change,
because
we
know
that
climate
change
is
real
and
having
devastating
impacts.
Now
humans
have
caused
one
degree
centigrade
of
global
warming
above
pre-industrial
levels
and
nasa
and
noaa
say
that
2020
was
the
second
hottest
year
on
record
globally.
A
Climate
change
is
causing
extreme
weather
events,
which
are
the
most
visible
effects
of
climate
change,
but
the
frequency
of
extreme
weather,
like
wildfires
droughts,
hurricanes,
tornadoes
thunderstorms,
is
increasing
in
the
united
states
and
in
2019
extreme
weather
cost
45
billion
dollars
in
the
united
states
alone.
This
also
has
pretty
important
societal
impacts,
because
climate
change
damages
hit
low-income
americans
in
the
south,
artists
and
minorities
and
people
of
color.
There
are
disproportionate
share
of
the
climate
change.
A
Burden
time
to
act
is
running
out,
so
what
do
we
need
to
do?
The
carbon
law
teaches
us
that
emissions
must
be
cut
by
half
every
decade
to
reach
net
zero
by
2050.,
so
by
2030.
The
information
and
communication
technology
sector
can
have
a
massive
impact
towards
that
goal.
In
2020,
54
gigatons,
which
is
a
billion
tons
of
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
came
from
the
ict
sector.
A
At
the
same
time,
we
also
have
to
invest
in
carbon
sinks
like
forests
to
help
capture
some
of
the
carbon
we've
already
emitted.
Action
is
required
right
now.
Otherwise,
the
longer
we
delay
the
bigger
and
faster
reduction
is
required.
Digitalization,
though,
is
an
exponential
technology
which
will
help
us
address
this
target
even
more
quickly.
A
Ericsson
research
indicates
that
the
ict
sector
can
enable
reductions
in
global
and
greenhouse
gas
emissions
by
15
globally,
and
this
is
based
on
existing
ict
technology.
More
opportunities
to
go
exceed
that
15
will
likely
be
enabled
by
technologies
like
5g
and
machine
learning
and
ai.
That
erickson
is
investing
in
heavily.
A
But
the
main
point
is
that
decarbonization
solutions
exist
today
we
don't
need
to
wait
for
a
silver
bullet
and
the
estimated
financial
benefit
of
low
carbon
is
26
trillion
dollars
by
2030
for
reference.
So
we
have
an
incredible
opportunity
ahead
of
ourselves,
so
erickson
is
leading
the
way
and
we
are
reducing
emissions
and
impact
of
our
company's
activities,
our
products
and
services,
and
this
also
have
a
dramatic
impact
on
society.
A
And
so
our
goal
is
to
be
carbon
dioxide
neutral
by
2030,
which
speaks
to
our
company's
impact.
This
includes
fleet
vehicles
and
facilities,
but
our
goal
is
for
5g
to
be
10
times
more
efficient
than
4g,
which
speaks
to
the
impact
of
our
products,
because
30
percent
of
network
opex
today
comes
from
energy
consumption
and
90
of
mobile
network
operator.
Emissions
are
from
network
power.
A
We
are
pursuing
leed
gold
and
lead
zero
carbon,
certifications
and
90
of
the
materials
for
that
factory
will
be
diverted
from
landfill.
Landfill
we've
installed,
1600
solar
modules
and
we
produce
over
a
million
kilowatt
hours
annually,
which
is
enough
to
power
93
us
homes.
For
a
year
we
have
water
recapture
tanks,
so
we
can
capture
and
reuse
rain
water,
which
is
enough
for
us
to
enough
water
for
one
u.s
home
for
133
days.
A
But
the
ict
sector
has
decarbonization
solutions.
It
can
get
us
to.
They
can
help
lead
to
50
energy
reduction
or
emission
reduction
by
2030..
So
things
like
renewable
electricity
to
power
networks.
The
ict
sector
today
is
the
largest
purchaser
of
renewable
power
mobile
network
efficiency,
where
we
can
see
erickson's
leadership
role
in
innovation,
but
we
worry
that
energy
consumption
will
increase
dramatically
if
5g
is
deployed
like
3g
and
4g
were.
A
So
erickson's
technology
leadership
is
breaking
this
energy
curve.
Hardware.
Modernization
can
drive
up
to
30
reduction
in
power
with
higher
data
throughput
and
software
can
drive
up
to
50
reduction
in
power
with
no
impact
to
consumers.
This
allows
operators
to
decouple
mobile
data
traffic
growth
from
energy
consumption
and
carbon
emissions.
A
We're
also
transforming
transportation,
so
transportation
emissions
constitute
sixty
percent
of
the
global
total
or
8.6
gigatons
of
co2
per
year.
Commercial
transfer
powered
by
renewable
electricity
is
critical
for
decarbonization,
and
a
robust,
5g
innovation
platform
will
be
required
for
this
future.
For
further
development
of
this
technology,
a
fully
built
out
5g
network
will
be
required
to
operate
autonomous
vehicles
at
a
massive
scale.
So
the
challenge
is:
how
do
how
do
we
provide
affordable
and
safe
transportation
and
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions
and
an
example?
Solution
of
this
is
ericsson.
A
A
swedish
startup
called
einride
and
swedish
mobile
operator
tilia
created
an
electric
and
autonomous
transportation
system
that
is
safer
and
more
sustainable,
and
the
impact
is
that
ein
wright
says:
electric
vehicles
powered
by
renewable
er
renewables
reduce
carbon
emissions
of
a
logistics
network
by
up
to
90
percent
autonomous
driverless
commercial
vehicles
also
have
less
downtime
more
more
reliability
and
lower
total
cost
of
ownership,
and
will
also
lead
to
better
air
quality.
So
how
does
5g
fit
in
5g
enables
higher
speeds,
lower
latency
and
increase
reliability
for
the
for
the
network
and
capacity.
A
We
also
think
the
digital
divide
is
a
critical
component
to
sustainability
as
well,
because
the
digital
divide
is
most
pronounced
in
rural
and
minority
communities.
Today
in
the
united
states,
37
percent
of
rural
students
lack
adequate
connectivity,
and
this
has
really
critical
impacts,
as
schools
are
closed
during
the
kobe
19
pandemic.
So
if
you
lack
connectivity,
you
cannot
attend
e-learning
and,
according
to
deloitte,
the
digital
divide
currently
costs
the
united
states
economy,
130
million
dollars
a
day,
so
as
an
example
of
how
erickson
is,
is
tackling
this
problem.
A
A
So
the
challenge
for
renewables
to
scale
up
is
that
there's
a
large
number
of
power
generators,
multiple
solar
panels
and
wind
farms
and
bi-directional
energy
distribution,
power
sold
and
purchased
from
a
grade
is
needed
and
we
have
fluctuations
in
power
generation,
because
renewables
can
sometimes
be
unpredictable.
There
may
not
be
wind
one
day,
so
the
solution
to
this
problem
is
smart
grids.
A
More
renewables
means
the
distribution
system.
Operators
need
total
control
of
power,
distribution
networks
and
distribution
system
operators
need
to
respond
rapidly
to
balance
power,
production
and
load
to
avoid
outages.
So
the
role
of
5g
is
that
distribution
system
operators
see
digitalization
and
connectivity
as
key
enablers
in
transition
to
renewable
power
distribution
system
operators
recognize
cellular
tech.
Connectivity
offers
lower
cat-backs
compared
to
cabling
for
great
communications
and
real-time
power
system
management
requires
low
latency
communication
connection
and
we
can
reduce
interruptions
by
up
to
75
percent
with
ict
compared
to
today's
level.
A
Digitalization
is
also
critical
for
the
industrial
sector,
so
the
industrial
sector
currently
accounts
for
32
percent
of
global
greenhouse
gas
emissions
and
the
challenge
to
decarbonizing.
This
is
that
the
industrial
sector
needs
to
be
consumer
demand,
while
cutting
emissions
by
50
by
2030.,
so
business
as
usual
is
not
sustainable
and
we
have
to
transition
from
linear
to
circular
business
models,
which
is
what
we
think
of
as
industry
4.0
and
the
role
of
connectivity
and
industrial
process.
A
Optimization
is
vast
by
2024
5g
will
cover
65
of
the
global
population
and
there
will
be
4.1
or
we
believe
there
will
be
4.1
billion,
cellular
iot
connections
and
so
that
ubiquitous
connectivity
enables
real-time
measurement
and
real-time
ai
of
industrial
processes
on
a
massive
scale.
The
exponential
roadmap
shows
up
to
20
reduction
in
annual
energy
intensity
is
possible
by
real-time
monitoring
of
processes.
Things
like
ai
and
energy
use,
and
the
ai
itself
will
help
us
get
to
continual
optimization
of
processes.
A
A
So
I
want
to
pivot
and
talk
about
some
of
my
own
research,
because
I
was
speaking
to
you
a
lot
about
it.
How
erickson
sees
tackling
this
challenge
across
the
industry
across
all
the
industries
we
partner
with
and
how
connectivity
plays
a
role,
but
the
team
I
work
on
works
on
augmented
and
virtual
reality,
which
are
technologies
that
will
help
bring
full
experiences
to
people,
and
we
are
thinking
of
this
as
it
relates
to
carbon
emissions
sustainability.
A
A
It's
something
I
personally
love
because
I
love
to
have
the
sense
of
being
in
a
place,
the
smell
the
taste,
the
sounds
of
the
taste
of
food,
the
sounds
of
the
environment,
but
a
lot
of
travel
today
is
to
take
a
tour
of
a
factory
or
look
at
a
demo
of
a
product
or
shake
a
person's
hand.
That
can
conclude
a
business
meeting.
But
what
if
I
told
you
that
we
are
working
towards
a
vision
using
ai
5g
and
a
lot
of
in
critical
hardware
research
to
enable
people
to
have
that
same
tactile?
A
I
get
goosebumps
every
time.
I
see
that
video,
so
our
vision
at
erickson
research
is
that
by
2025
we
will
be
able
to
have
advanced
technology
that
will
allow
people
to
have
full
five
sensory
immersive
experiences
across
a
mobile
network,
and
we
think
our
vision
by
2030
is
for
people
to
be
able
to
share
things
such
as
memories
or
thoughts
using
brain
computer
interfaces.
A
We
also
know
what
types
of
objects
they
are,
what
the
relationship
the
end
user
has
with
those
objects,
and
this
will
really
enable
us
to
create
that
full
five
sensory
content
and
experience,
because
once
we
have
that
information,
we
can
then
generate
overlays,
and
so
these
overlays
are
critical
uses
for
ar
gear.
So
here,
as
an
example,
is
what
you
might
see
through
your
headset
when
you
go
to
pick
up
your
rental
car
in
the
future.
A
So
in
order
to
place
this
overlay
on
top
of
your
rental
car
with
your
return
date,
the
price
per
day
you
know
like
we
have
to
understand
the
object.
We
have
to
understand
the
environment.
We
have
to
do
this
incredibly
rapidly,
because
users
can
experience
what
we
call
virtual
reality
motion
sickness
if
there's
any
delay
greater
than
about
40
to
50
milliseconds.
A
A
This
is
a
challenge,
though,
because
it
also
requires
ai.
It
requires
a
mobile
network.
It
also
requires
headsets
and
xr
headsets
for
ar
and
vr
headsets
today
are
evolving
rapidly.
So
today
there
aren't
any
commercially
available
headsets
that
have
embedded
5g
chips
inside
of
them.
So
that
means
that
headsets
and
these
experiences
are
not
fully
mobile.
Yet
if
you'll,
forgive
the
pun
ar
and
vr
headsets
cannot
without
5g
chips
cannot
push
connectivity
and
data
processing
over
the
network
unless
they're
connected
to
wi-fi.
A
A
So,
for
example,
one
millisecond
end
to
end
latency
is
the
standard
for
5g
and
that
dramatically
reduced
headset.
That
dramatically
reduces
latency
means
that
headsets
can
work
with
real-time
data,
so
that
means
as
objects
or
the
environment
changes
in
the.
In
the
end
user's
field
of
view,
we
can
track
objects,
we
can
correctly
track
overlays,
so
that
content
and
overlays
in
xor
move
with
the
environment
and
move
with
the
end
user
and
20
bits
per
second
down
speed.
A
A
One
millisecond
data
travels
at
the
speed
of
light,
so
one
millisecond
means
that
an
edge
computing
facility
can
be
located
upwards
of
50
miles
from
the
end
user,
but
we're
also
working
to
be
able
to
think
of
how
to
make
smaller
edge
facilities.
It
can
be
located
even
closer
to
the
end
user,
which
will
really
help
us
address
that
latency
challenge
for
machine
learning
and
ai.
So
if
we
can,
for
example,
think
about
how
to
distribute
where
data
is
processed
that
will
really
help
us
reach
that
latency
ceiling.
A
Once
5g
radios
are
inside
of
these
headsets
we'll
be
able
to
process
and
experience
ar
and
vr
content
outside
of
the
home.
That
updates
in
real
time
with
that
incredible
latency
from
5g.
In
this
speed,
once
we
push
processing
into
the
edge
of
the
network
as
well,
we'll
see
longer
battery
life,
where
we
believe
we
will
see
longer
battery
life,
because
we
will
probably
need
fewer
chips
on
on
the
actual
headset.
A
So
if
we
wanted
to
have
a
business
meeting
in
person
or
look
at
a
product
demo
together,
it
will
be
a
challenge
to
make
sure
that
we
are
seeing
the
same
thing
at
the
same
time
and
to
interact
with
it.
So
we
can
change
things
and
collaborate
together.
Play
games
together,
watch
entertainment
together,
that's
what
the
latency
from
5g
and
then
mobile
network
connectivity
will
enable
is
that
collaboration
and
just
to
give
you
a
couple
of
examples.
This
is
the
lenovo
a3.
A
So
here
we
see
a
person
having
a
business
meeting
with
someone
with
a
hologram
and
because
of
the
placement
because
of
the
connectivity
and
latency
from
5g
that
hologram
is
able
to
travel
with
the
person.
You
can
share
a
secret
and
whisper
and
you
can
shake
that
holograms
hand
and
feel
the
weight
of
their
hand.
A
So
I
really
want
to
thank
you
for
your
time
for
listening
to
me.
The
message
I
really
want
to
impart
you
with
is
it
climate
change
is
real.
It
is
critical
that
we
address
it
and
every
day
that
we
wait,
the
problem
gets
a
little
bit
harder
to
solve,
but
by
solving
climate
change
like
erickson
takes
very
seriously
it's
not
a
it's,
not
a
solution,
or
it's
not
a
problem
that
has
enough
solutions
using
existing
technology.