►
From YouTube: OpenShift Coffee Break | Quantum Computing Update
Description
Get your espresso ready for the OpenShift Coffee Break as we go deep into a Quantum Computing State of the Art with IBM Research! Our special guests Kate Marshall and William Simmons will walk us through the open source project Qiskit and what are the possible scenarios for quantum workloads with OpenShift.
A
A
Hello
good
morning,
everyone
welcome
back
to
the
overshift
TV
coffee
break.
My
name
is
manager
for
the
openshift
TV
and
today
I'm
very
happy
to
have
some
special
guests
I'm,
going
to
introduce
our
special
guest
in
a
second.
Before
doing
that,
I'd
like
to
remind
you
in
the
chat
that,
if
you
have
any
question,
if
you
want
to
say
something,
please
use
the
chat
and
we'll
bring
the
question
to
the
to
the
to
our
super
special
guest
and
but
I'm
going
to
introduce
them
right
now.
So
welcome.
A
Yeah,
thank
you.
Do
you
want
to
first?
First
of
all,
this
I
I
love
this
show,
because
this
episode
is
gonna,
be
about
Quantum
Computing,
so
I'm
really
excited
about
it
and
if
you
were
wondering
why
Quantum
Computing
now
and
what
it
means
with
openshift
we're
gonna
discover
this
in
a
moment
with
our
super
special
guest,
but
hey,
hey
will
do
you
want
to
introduce
yourself
to
to
our
audience
today.
B
B
But
then
I
also
lead
the
global
team
for
the
technical
ambassadors,
which
are
essentially
people
that
speak
directly
to
clients
about
the
impact
of
quantum
Computing
and
the
different
applications
and
what
it
means
for
every
industry,
and
so
that's
kind
of
the
two
parts
of
my
role.
Well,
do
you
want
to
go
next
sure.
B
So
if
you're
just
really
interested
in
finding
out
more,
then
we're
happy
to
sort
of
come
and
either
a
client
site
or
online
to
help
with
their
client
Outreach
there
to
help
with
understanding
and
that
kind
of
goes
beyond
that
as
well
to
like
University
groups,
School
groups,
anyone
who's
interested
and
then
will
and
I
can
also
come
in
and
talk
more
specifically
about
software,
about
applications
about
industry
impact
and
different
things
as
well.
So
it's
a
really
cool
team
of
people.
Wow.
A
I
love
it
yeah
and
I
think
we
are
all
interested
on
being.
You
know
those
Quantum
tourists,
as
you
mentioned,
could
you
give
us
Kate
with?
Could
you
give
us
a
quick
update
on
what's
the
state
of
quantum
Computing
I
and
quick
Preamble
I
met
Kate
in
a
conference
in
Luxembourg
we
had
we
had.
We
we've
been
at
the
IBM
booth
and
we
were
talking
about
Quantum
developers.
We
plan
to
that's
why
we
started
hey.
Why
don't
we
do
a
show
about
it?
So
I
wanted
to
share
this
with
the
audience.
C
So
the
moment
we're
in
early
research
stages
of
quantum
Computing
we've
come
an
incredibly
long
way.
So
IBM
we
put
a
quantum
computer
on
the
cloud
for
the
first
time
in
2016.,
but
we
that
was
quite
a
small
quantum
computer.
It
was
very
small
and
we're
in
What's
called
the
the
niskera
of
quantum
Computing
at
the
moment,
which
stands
for
noisy
intermediate
scale
and
Quantum
Computing,
and
this
means
that
we
have
some
limited
quantum
computers
that
can
do
interesting
things.
C
So
we're
really
in
like
this
research
stage,
and
it
means
that
our
quantum
computers
are
quite
error
prone.
So
we
need
to
do
lots
of
adjustment
for
these
kind
of
things,
and
so
that's
where
so
the
whole
Quantum
Computing
field
is
and
there's
lots
of
different
ways
of
making
quantum
computers
that
are
all
still
in
the
running
at
the
moment
and
there's
lots
of
different
ways
of
doing
it
and
at
IBM
Quantum
we
use
a
thing
called
superconducting
qubits.
C
It's
a
specific
way
of
making
a
quantum
computer
and
originally
in
2016
I
think
it
was
a
one
or
two
key
bit
machine
that
they
put
on
the
Cloud.
So
it's
sort
of
equivalent
to
bits.
You
know
it's
incredibly
small
computer,
you,
you
can't
do
much
with
it,
but
it
was
like
a
good
proof
of
concept,
and
this
year
we
released
our
433
qubit
machines.
So
we've
come
a
long
way
since
2016.
C
B
C
B
Think
I
can
add
to
that
a
little
bit
if
we
have
time
in
Italy
sure,
please
yeah.
So,
for
example,
what
what
we'll
mention
there
so
I
think
like
one
easy
way
for
me
to
sketch
out
in
sort
of
timelines,
because
I
think
this
kind
of
helps
is
we'll
mention
this
nisk
or
noisy
intermediate
scale
era
of
quantum
Computing.
B
That
is
this
era
of
quantum
advantage
that
that
sort
of
will
alluded
to
there,
which
is
when
we
see
this
significant
practical
benefit.
Over
and
above
what
we
can
achieve
with
any
classical
super
computers
available
today
and
I.
Think
part
of
like
really
where
we
are
today
is
we're
at
the
cost
between
those
two
stages
and
the
stage
after
that
is
Fault,
tolerant,
Quantum
Computing,
and
that
is
that's
going
to
be
sort
of
filled
with
engineering
challenges.
B
Scientific
challenges,
sort
of
the
physics
theory
is,
is
fairly
sort
of
understood
at
this
point,
but
the
engineering
challenges
that
we're
going
to
be
sort
of
facing
when
we
try
and
build
this
to
scale
so
that
people
around
the
world
can
use
it.
That's
sort
of
going
to
be
a
sort
of
something
where
we're
starting
to
experience
now
and
but
we
don't
even
know
what
what
the
extent
of
the
questions
we
are.
B
We
have
to
ask
yet
so
it's
really
exciting
that
every
year
we
have
this
Quantum
Summit
conference,
which
is
where
we
release
all
of
these
announcements.
Like
will
mention,
we
have
a
433,
Quantum,
Cubit
Quantum
processor,
available
today,
that's
the
largest
available
in
the
world,
but
we
also
demonstrated
things
in
sort
of
terms
of
speed
and
quality
of
our
of
our
Quantum
processors
as
well.
So
we
have
this.
B
So
these
are
the
sorts
of
metrics
we're
getting
to
today,
and
hopefully
this
brings
us
closer
and
closer
to
that
barrier.
I
mentioned
where
we
will
reach
Quantum
Advantage
sometime
in
the
next
few
years
and
I've
just
sent
you
a
link
Natalie
of
the
quantum
Summit
sort
of
website.
So
people
can
visit
that
if
they
want
to
see
what
other
announcements
are
sort
of
representing
where
IBM
Quantum
are
today.
A
Wow,
that's
a
lots
of
update
and
I'm
really
excited
I
had
to
have
my
coffee
shot
for
the
coffee
break.
You
know
to
digest
all
this,
but
hey
Kate
I,
just
shared
in
the
chat,
the
the
link
you
you
gave
me
so
the
summit,
it's
an
event
made
by
IBM
to
Showcase
what
the
state
of
the
heart
of
quantum
right
and
when
when
was
this,
is
it
already
opened,
or
it
will
happen
this
year.
B
A
Thank
you
for
sharing
it
and
I
have
a
already
thousands
of
questions,
but
hey
in
the
chat
people
attend.
If
you
have
any
question,
please
send
a
write
in
the
chat.
We
will
bring
them
we're.
Attaching
now
I.
Think
more.
That
theoretical
part
for
Quantum
and
I
would
like
to
ask
you
two
things.
One
is
you
know
for
the
audience?
Maybe
it's
not
really
aware
about
Quantum.
So
could
you
explain
a
little
bit?
What
is
a
qubit?
B
Of
course,
I
can
take
that
one
so
generally,
if
I
sort
of
start
with
what
is
quantum
Computing
in
sort
of
a
sentence,
the
the
sort
of
main
thing
that
I
try
and
hit
home
with
people
with
for
this,
because
it
is
like
a
if
you
try
and
Google
is
quantum
Computing.
You
can
get
all
sorts
of
like
really
really
complicated
physics,
textbooks
and
really
really
sort
of
convoluted
information.
B
So
every
time
we
add
one
qubit,
which
I'll
explain
in
a
minute
what
that
is
to
our
Quantum
processor.
The
number
of
State
Dimensions
that
we
can
explore
any
one
time
in
this
environment
in
this
lab
environment
that
I'm,
describing
it
skills
exponentially,
and
that's
an
incredible
thing
to
try,
and
even
just
even
that
one
concept
to
wrap
your
head
around
is
huge.
So
that
means
that
problems
that
are
actually
really
really
difficult
to
solve
in
lower
dimensions
of
space.
B
We
can
actually
explore
those
same
problems
in
higher
dimensions
of
space,
and
suddenly
those
problems
can
suddenly
become
a
lot
easier
to
solve,
and
those
types
of
problems
are
things
like
optimization
problems,
simulation
problems
and
machine
learning
problems.
So
that's
broadly,
like
the
sort
of
definition
of
quantum
Computing
that
I
give
try
not
to
get
too
hung
up
on
superposition
and
entanglement.
B
If
you've
tried
to
read
about
those
things
and
they've
gone
way
over
here,
head
think
more
about
what
those
Concepts
bring
us,
which
is
the
ability
to
build
these
really
really
complicated
spaces
where
we
have
access
to
more
Dimensions
than
well.
Even
with
a
few
hundred
qubits,
you
can
access
more
Dimensions
than
there
are
atoms
in
the
observable
universe.
So
a
huge
number
of
Dimensions
is
what
I'm
talking
about
here.
So
what
is
a
Quantum
bit
or
a
key
bit?
B
That's
our
unit
of
computation
and
when
we
say
we
have
a
processor
today
of
433
qubits.
That
means
that
those
physical
devices
that
will
mentioned
earlier
those
superconducting
qubits.
We
have
433
of
those
currently
hand
placed
onto
a
processor,
that's
about
the
size
of
my
hand
and
each
of
those
different
sort
of
qubits
on
those
on
that
processor
are
either
physically
entangled
with
other
qubits
on
on
the
chip.
So
we
have
these
like
actual
physical
links
that
actually
entangle
one
qubit
to
another
and
between
those
433.
B
A
That
was
pretty
good.
Thank
you
for
this.
A
great
explanation,
a
really
help
understanding
the
value.
What
is
a
cool
bit?
What
are
what
are
the
you
know
underlying
physics?
You
mentioned
over
position,
you
mentioned
entanglement,
and
then
you
know
what
that
could
be,
could
do
work
on
a
multi-dimensional
so
convert
problem
in
multi
and
try
to
solve
them
in
multi-dimension.
A
B
We
would
never
expect
to
see
classical
Computing
rendered
useless,
there's
at
least
as
many
problems
that
are
impossible
for
a
quantum
computer
to
solve,
as
there
are
for
a
classical
computer
to
solve.
So
really
it's
a
small
set
of
problems
that
we're
focusing
on
and
they
lie
within
three
sort
of
clear
categories
and
those
are
optimization,
machine
learning
and
simulation
problems,
and
that
can
be
sort
of
if
we
sort
of
break
that
down
to
like
problems
you
may
have
heard
of.
B
So
these
are
exactly
the
sort
of
optimization
problems
where
we're
hoping
to
look
at
using
Quantum
and
simulation
problems
might
be
sort
of
the
development
of
new
medicines.
They
might
be
sort
of
building
more
efficient
battery
materials
and
then
a
machine
learning
problem
might
be,
for
example,
looking
for
anomalies
or
pattern
classification
problems
with
with
machine
learning
and
different
things
in
that
space
as
well.
A
Oh
sounds
great,
I
mean
and
I'm
thinking
out
this
hype
we
have
today
with
AI
right.
Putting
Quantum
in
combination
with
AI
workloads
will
help
I
think
boost
solving
some
class
of
problem
like
like
the
one
you
mentioned
and
and
yeah,
and
maybe
we'll
we
can.
We
can
go
also
in
this
other
point,
which
is
okay.
We
we
Quantum,
will
solve
this
class
of
problem,
but
how
we
connect
the
classical
Computing
to
the
quantum
Computing
and
what?
What
is
about?
C
A
C
You
need
to
be
able
to
flip
between
your
classical
and
Quantum
Resources
and
I.
Think
that
sort
of
brings
us
nicely
into
like
where
openshift
and
these
kind
of
Technologies
are
important,
because
if
you
want
to
get
that
Loop
really
quick,
you
need
to
have
your
classical
resources
right
next
to
your
Quantum
Resources,
and
a
big
challenge
of
that
is
that
you
need
to
do
this
at
quite
some
scale.
We
want
good,
classical
resources
to
utilize
these
Quantum
Resources,
and
that's
where
technology
is
like
openshift
are
really
helpful
to
us,
because
we
can.
C
C
A
Okay,
yeah,
that
sounds
that
sounds
great
and
I
was
thinking
Kate.
You
mentioned
the
quantum
advantage
in
the
quantum
Advantage
era,
I'm
thinking
about
a
reference
architecture,
so
that
might
be
several
components.
There's
this
could
be
I,
don't
know,
maybe
an
opposite
part
for
the
classical
Computing
and
then
the
I
AI
part,
and
then
the
quantum
part
is
that
an
accurate
previous
forecast
of
a
possible
rep
architecture,
common
architecture
for
the
quantum
advantage.
And
how
do
you
see
the
Evolution
for
Quantum?
A
B
So
basically,
I
think,
like
one
thing,
that's
super
important
to
to
get.
Is
that
like
there's
a
hardware
question
here,
but
there's
also
a
really
really
big
software
question
so
kiske,
as
we
sort
of
mentioned
earlier,
like
his
kit,
is
itself
it's
a
containerized
architecture
that
sort
of
will
mention
that
there's
part
of
the
the
kids
get
software
stack
called
kids
get
runtime,
which
is
what
I
work
on
and
that
itself
is
a
containerized
architecture.
B
B
B
So
when
we
do
when
we're,
what
we're
trying
to
achieve
in
the
future
is
to
build
something
called
Quantum
serverless,
which
will
give
people
sort
of
access
to
to
Quantum
hardware
and
build
programming
tools
that
make
it
as
easy
as
possible
to
interact
with
this
Quantum
hardware
and
so
that
people
can
start
to
build
things
without
having
a
degree
in
physics
or
some
other
huge
milestone.
That
would
mean
that
this
technology
is
really
exclusive.
We're
really
trying
to
move
away
from
that.
B
So
I'm,
not
sure.
If
that
directly
answered
your
question
Natalie
but
I
think
there's
there's
a
huge
hard
regression.
There's
also
a
huge
software
question
and
arguably
the
software
stuff
is
what's
really
really
of
Interest
right
now,
like
the
physics
associated
with
Quantum
Computing
was
defined
a
long
time
ago,
and
there
were
huge
engineering
challenges
that
we're
facing
in
terms
of
bringing
that
to
life.
B
But
if
you
are
interested
in
the
software
space,
this
is
such
a
cool
place
to
be
working
in
right
now,
because
the
techniques
that
we're
trying
to
build-
and
we
can
talk
about
more
of
those
if
you're
interested
the
techniques
that
we're
using
to
make
sort
of
quantum
Computing
useful
today
for
people
and
developers
at
home.
That's
such
an
interesting
question
on
its
own.
A
I,
like
I
like
what
you
say,
Kate-
and
this
is
music
for
my
ears-
you
say
software
and
developers
right,
so
we
also
have
to
focus
on
software
and
about
the
software
for
Quantum
I
know.
Project
kiss
kit
is
an
open
source
project.
No
I
have
allow
developers
to
try
Quantum
in
a
kind
of
a
simulation.
How
does
it
works?.
C
Or
yeah
yeah
sure
is
a
is
a
software
development
kit
like
in
in
technical
terms,
that's
what
it
is
and
it's
it's
a
python
software
development
kit
and
it
basically
is
a
bunch
of
tools
for
using
our
stack
and
now
other
other
Quantum
Computing
Stacks
as
well.
That
allows
you
to
interact
really
easily
with
it.
C
So
you
can,
if
you
want
to
just
create
like
a
Quantum
circuit,
which
is
like
the
the
way
we
write
Quantum
programs,
it's
really
easy
with
kisket
like
it's
quite
straightforward
python,
there's
nothing
too
complex
to
do,
and
actually
a
lot
of
the
like
packaging
around
how
you
interact
with
our
apis.
That's
all
abstracted
away,
so
it
makes
it
really
easy
for
people
to
use
our
quantum
computers
and
other
quantum.
C
There's
a
lot
of
simulation
features
built
in
as
well
so
getting
access
to
a
quantum
computer.
You
can
do
that
for
free
with
us,
but
actually
like.
Sometimes
it's
quicker
just
to
run
a
simulation
at
the
moment.
Quantum
computers
can
be
simulated
like
up
to
a
few
key
bits
and
that's
quite
like
easy
to
do
with
kiss
gear.
C
Where
you
can
meet
other
people
who
use
kiskit,
you
can
contribute
to
kisket
yourself
and
you
can
go
to
events
and
learn
from
other
people
about
Quantum
Computing
like
before
I
joined,
IBM,
I
used
kiskit
and
those
resources
loads
to
learn
about
Quantum
Computing
and
to
like
get
up
and
running
with
with
all
the
different
concepts
and
there's
a
textbook
as
well.
There
that's
free
to
use,
and
so
you
can
just
log
on
and
learn
about
those
things
there.
A
Thank
you.
Thank
you
for
this
wrap-up
explanation
and
we
have
a
in
a
comment
in
the
chat.
There's
Marco
say
that
tensorflow
is
already
one
of
the
components
for
envelope
solution
for
openshift
data
science,
hybrid
Quantum,
classical
machine
learning,
fine
intensive
floor
Quantum,
a
candidate
Trade
union.
A
This
is
the
one.
When
we
talk
about
hey,
how
are
we
connect
the
AI,
the
classical
to
the
quantum,
and
he
has
a
question
also,
shall
we
expect
this
kind
of
element
to
be
ingredient
integrated
envelopes
on
upper
shift?
How
will
kisket
operator
fit
in
this
picture
so
he's
asking
how
kiss
kit
will
connect
a
tensorflow
and
you
know,
and
the
envelopes
offering?
Maybe
do
you
do?
You
have
a
already
any
idea
in
terms
of
architectural
connection
for
kisket
to
envelopes.
B
I
mean
I
think
probably
I,
don't
know
directly
about
ml
Ops,
but
the
so
kiss
Kit's
built
in
a
few
different
ways.
So
you
can
as
well
sort
of
mention
you
can
build
sort
of
gates
and
circuits
to
build
your
programs,
but
there's
also
another
side
to
kiss
kit,
which
is
kind
of
more
like
I
would
I
wouldn't
say:
industry
focused,
but
maybe
specialism
focused,
which
are
these
application
modules.
B
But
the
machine
learning
application
module
is
actually
built
for
machine
learning
Engineers
so
that
they
can
integrate
more
easily
with
the
Kisco
software
stack.
So
if
this
isn't
already
in
the
roadmap
and
obviously
sort
of
will
mention
there,
that
we
are
sort
of
the
largest
Quantum
Computing
open
source
software
Community
available,
and
if
you
have
a
good
idea,
do
check
out
the
kids
get
machine,
learning
application
module
if
something
isn't
already
there
like
by
all
means.
B
Like
start
a
conversation
with
the
community,
see
if
anyone's
already
working
on
it
or
even
like
raise
a
pull
request
yourself.
If
you've
got
good
ideas,
I
would
imagine
somebody's
like
maybe
working
on
this
field
anyway,
because
obviously
AI
is
such
like
such
a
bouncing
field
anyway,
and
like
machine
learning
and
ml
Ops
is
screwing
as
well,
so
hopefully
someone's
working
on
it
already,
but
I'm
not
actually
sure
if
anyone
has
started.
Will
please
please
correct
me
if
you
know
more,
no.
C
No
I,
don't
think
so,
I
think
it's
a
great
question.
I
think
I'll
say
that
it's
a
really
good
question
and
I
think
as
well
like
the
difference
between
Quantum,
Computing
and
classical
Computing,
and
some
of
these
things
is
that,
like
Quantum
Computing
resources
are
different
to
classical
Computer
Resources.
You
know
like
we
have
plenty
of
classical
Computing
resources
available
to
us,
whereas
we're
always
bottlenecked
on
there
aren't
loads
of
quantum
computers
like
we
have
a
lot
and
but
you
you
can't
just
build
online.
So
it's
a
slow.
C
A
You
and
thank
you
Marco
for
your
question
and
Kate.
You
mentioned
I,
think
an
important
thing
open
source,
we're
talking
about.
You
know
a
kind
of
a
revolution
for
for
computer
science.
Again,
you
know
after
supercomputer
and
then
the
Evolution
for
a
personal
computer,
whatever
now
we're
in
a
new
Evolution,
and
you
mentioned
open
source,
so
I
think
it's
important
putting
open
source
from
the
beginning.
Right
now
that
we
are,
we
understood
the
value
of
Open,
Source
and
I,
really
like
that.
A
B
That's
such
a
good
question,
I
mean
so
kisket
originally
started.
It's
just
an
IBM
research
project
that
was
built
sort
of
as
a
python-based
SDK
that
people
could
interact
with
Quantum
Hardware
within
the
research
community
in
IBM,
but
it's
gone
so
much
further
than
that.
I
mean
when
will
and
I
were
sort
of
chatting
yesterday
being
like
Oh.
What
sort
of
point
should
we
bring
up?
B
One
of
the
the
jokes
we
made
is
that
really
this
is
a
research
project
turned
product,
and
so
quite
a
lot
of
our
like
sort
of
our
software
team
are
people
that
were
there
from
the
very
beginning
when,
when
they
first
made
this
just
for
an
internal
use
and
then
when
everyone
was
like
hold
on,
why
don't
we
make
this
open
source
and
I?
Don't
think
anyone
could
have
expected
how
big
the
community
has
grown
to
today?
B
B
We
need
people
to
be
challenging
us
and
people
to
be
coming
up
with
new
ideas
so
that
we
can
make
sure
that
the
technology
is
progressing
as
fast
as
possible,
but
also
so
in
a
positive
direction
for
the
the
global
community
of
interested
people
in
Quantum
Computing,
and
that's
why
open
source
is
so
key
to
that.
So
our
software
Community
extends
far
beyond
just
IBM
now,
and
the
kids
get
community
is
absolutely
massive,
as
I
mentioned,
and
the
people
that
are
part
of
that
Community
are
from
every
kind
of
background.
B
So
I
think
will
correct
me
if
I'm
wrong,
but,
like
my
experience
so
far,
is
that
we've
got
a
lot
of
students
that
are
like
it's
absolutely
brilliant
to
have
them
on
board.
But
we
also
have
a
lot
of
people
from
industry
who
are
interested
in
more
sort
of
the
application
side.
The
students
might
be
more
interested
in
either
sort
of
the
computer
science
or
the
the
physics
side
or
other
places,
but
then
we've
got
sort
of
just
the
general
public
as
well
that
are
like.
Can
we
use
it
for
this?
B
However,
we
try
that,
and
that
is
like
every
corner
of
those
sort
of
different
groups
of
people
helps
to
make
this
community
so
interactive.
We
have
hackathons,
we
have
events,
we've
never
sort
of
I,
think
I.
Think
it's
constantly
growing,
there's
never
been
a
lull
and
it's
always
been
a
really
really
interactive
community
and
a
great
place
to
work
and
if
anyone's
interested
I'll.
C
No,
no,
not
very
much
I,
just
think
it's
like
if
we're
trying
to
build
something
frictionless
for
everyone
to
use
from
lots
of
different
Industries
like
making
open
source,
is
like
absolutely
essential
because
we're
we're
we've
got
lots
of
expertise
in
IBM
on
on
hardware
and
and
various
bits
of
the
software
stack.
But
we
don't
have
expertise
on.
You
know
every
single
industry-
and
it's
like
really
like
integral
to
the
mission
and
helping
Quantum
Computing,
get
adopted
more
widely,
so
yeah.
A
I
love
it
I
just
tried
in
the
chat
the
link.
Thank
you
Kate
for
sharing
it
The
Advocate
Program,
so
I'm
going
to
subscribe
myself.
I'm
really
interested
I
want
to
learn
about
Quantum
I
want
to
join
the
slack
Channel
and
I
want
to
be,
and
I
really
recommend.
Also
you
to
do
the
same,
because
you
can
join
those
events.
You
join
the
community,
it's
a
really
cool
program.
A
A
C
C
It
does
here's
what
I
made
earlier.
Unfortunately,
not
I
haven't
got
to
that
level
where
I've
got
my
own
yeah
right.
I
am
so
yeah
I'll
just
try
and
share
my
screen,
so
something
we're
passionate
about.
Is
people
being
able
to
use
quantum
computers
for
free,
or
at
least
some
of
them,
and
anyone
can
come
to
Quantum
computing.ibm.com,
which
is
where
I
am
now?
Can
you
see
my
screen?
Is
that
all
good.
C
And
you
can
use
our
simulators
for
free,
so
we
have
some
Cloud
hosted
simulators
again,
another
another
shout
out
to
openshift
and
kubernetes
there,
and
you
can
also
use
some
of
our
real
Quantum
back
ends
here
for
free,
and
you
can
do
this
in
a
couple
of
ways.
So
this
is
called
the
circuit
composer,
which
I'll
just
show
a
little
bit
about
today,
but
then
on
the
right
here.
You'll
actually
see
some.
C
This
is
Python
and
using
kiskit
writing
out
the
code
that
I'll
be
doing
here
and
you
can
also
use
Jupiter
notebooks
as
well.
So
if
you
get
a
bit
more
advanced
like
this
is
a
great
place
to
come.
If
you
just
want
to
try
some
little
things
and
see
what
happens,
but
as
you
get
a
bit
more
advanced,
you
might
want
to
use
Jupiter
notebooks,
it's
just
a
bit
more
of
a
scalable
way.
C
C
So
this
is
our
our
qubit
and
by
convention
it
starts
in
state
zero
and
we
measure
it
and
the
output
comes
to
this
classical
register.
We
have-
and
you
can
see
here-
we
just
get
a
quick
preview
of
the
result
of
this
circuit
and
you
can
see
that
we
are
always
measuring
zero.
So
that's
good
news
that
behaves
as
we
expect,
and
then
we
can
do
some
things,
so
we
can
do
classical
computation
on
quantum
computers.
C
C
So
you
can
see
that
we
start
in
the
zero
we
flip
to
State
one,
and
then
we
make
a
measurement
and
we
measure
one
every
time
which
is
good
news.
So
that's
just
sort
of
a
classical
computation
we
can
do
on
our
quantum
computer.
Things
start
to
get
a
bit
more
interesting
and
a
bit
more
Quantum
when
we
introduce
this
thing
called
the
hadamard
gate.
C
This
is
definitely
like
one
of
the
more
special
gates
in
Quantum
Computing.
It's
one
of
the
building
blocks,
and
now
you
can
see
more
interesting.
Things
happened
you
can
see
down
here
after
we
use
our
H
gate
and
then
make
our
measurement.
You
can
see
half
of
the
time
we
measure
zero
and
half
the
time
we
measure
one
and
that's
because
we've
gone
into
this
thing
called
superposition
which
Kate
talked
about
and
actually,
in
this
case
it's
really
simple
to
to
sort
of
see.
C
What's
happened,
half
the
time
we
imagine
this
area,
half
of
the
time
we
measure
one.
It's
quite
straightforward.
Really
things
get
a
bit
more
interesting
when
we
introduce
a
second
key
bit,
so
we
now
want
to
make
a
measurement
on
that
second
qubit.
So
you
can
see
how
you
can
just
drag
and
drop
gates
in
as
you
like,
and
we
can
then
use
a
thing
called
a
c
naught
gate.
C
C
C
C
You
click
on
that
button
on
the
top
right
set
up
and
run,
and
then
here
you'll
see
a
list
of
devices
that
you
can
use.
Some
will
have
a
little
queue.
This
is
just
a
simulator
and
it
can
simulate
up
to
32.
Qubits
and
I
can
choose
how
many
shots
I
want
to
do,
how
many
repeats
of
the
circuit
and
then
you
just
click,
run.
C
C
A
No
problem
I
think
I
can
you
know
well
I
can
share
in
the
chat
the
link
for
the
people.
If
you
want,
they
want
to
try
their
self.
This
link,
Quantum,
Computing,
ibm.com
and
Kate
also
shared
with
me,
a
very
nice
tutorial
to
build
your
first
circuit
I
think
it
was
really
similar
to
what
you
showed
today
right,
yeah.
B
C
A
A
B
Yeah
I
mean
you
might
have
noticed
on
the
right
hand,
side
I
think
it's
the
right.
It's
right
for
me
on
the
right
hand,
side
of
Will's
screen,
you
could
see
some
python
code
being
auto-generated
as
I
was
dragging
and
dropping
the
gates.
The
alternative,
well
I'm,
not
sure
if
you
want
to
just
show
show
what
a
Jupiter
notebook
looks
like
and
how
you
can
access
it
from
that
UI.
B
Yeah,
so
on
that
same
user
interface,
you'll
land
on
when
you
type
in
Quantum
Dash
computing.ibm.com
you'll
have
an
option
to
start
the
composer
or
the
lab.
If
you
use
the
composer,
that
is
the
the
drag
and
drop
interface
that
Will
was
just
interacting
with,
but
then
the
lab
is
the
Jupiter
lab
that
that
does
spin
up.
So
hopefully
that
will
be
ready
in
a
moment.
So
we
can
show.
C
Cool
okay,
so
this
is
what
the
the
Jupiter
notebooks
look
like:
here's
some
stuff
from
an
old
demo!
I
did
you
essentially
what
I've
done?
Is
you
go
to
the
menu
and
then
you
click
on
Quantum
lab
and
it
will
bring
you
to
this
landing
page
and
when
you
open
that
you'll
get
some
there's
some
resources
in
here
already
so
there's
some.
C
You
can
go
in
the
tutorials
and
it'll
talk
you
through
how
to
write
various
circuits
and
these
kind
of
things
or
you
can
open
a
new
notebook
and
you
get
some
sort
of
boilerplate
stuff,
which
just
means
you
don't
have
to
worry
too
much
about
the
setup.
It
just
makes
things
a
bit
easier.
You
might
have
to
do
it
tweaking
there,
depending
on
what
you
want
to
do.
But
if
you
can
write
a
bit
of
python,
it
shouldn't
be
too
difficult
to
get
started.
And
then
you
can
see
here
like
you
construct.
C
A
Quantum
circuit
is
what
I've
done
here
so
and
then
I've
added
some
gates
in
and
then
I've
added
some
measurement
gates
in
and
then
you
can
do
the
single
qc.jaw,
which
is
super
handy,
and
it
gives
you
a
nice
diagram
back
and
then
you
can
actually
run
this
on
a
back
end.
So
then
you
actually
need
to
execute
this
on
on
a
back
end.
So
I've
just
chosen
the
simulator
here
and
then
we
print
a
nice
histogram
of
our
results.
A
Nice
nice,
this
is
super
cool
I
mean
there's.
Also,
this
is
a
editor
where
you
can
edit
the
code
from
here.
I
love
it
and
yeah
and
I
was
I
was
also
looking.
You
know
when
you,
when
you
want
to
install
kiskit
in
openshift,
you
have
the
operator
right,
You
can
in
your
openshift
cluster.
Usually
you
can
install
the
operator
by
looking
into
operator
app
Marketplace
there.
A
A
A
Right
now
should
be
this
one.
So
if
you
go
to
the
learning
portal
you
can
go,
this
is
a
the
open,
the
Reddit
developer,
learning
portal.
We
have
a
list
of
our
openshift
Labs
that
you
can
try
for
free,
maybe
Kate
will
we
can
add
one
for
kiss
kit
here
and
if
you
are
interested,
we
can
have
this
offering
also
the
kiss
kit
Lots
will
be
nice
right,
but
for
the
people
that
won't
just
try
it
out
I
think
they
can.
A
A
A
Sorry
about
it,
I
was
showing
hey.
You
want
to
sell
kiss
kid
on
openshift,
you
have
you're
going
to
operator
Hub
and
you
you
look
for
operator
for
kiss
kit.
You
have
the
IBM
Quantum
operator
to
install
it
and,
and
you
have
the
kisket
playground
and
if
you
have
a
I
was
showing
that
if
you
want
to
try
now
you
you
can
go
to
to
learn,
which
is
our
learning
portal
on
develop
in
the
developer
portal.
A
If
you
go
to
this
page,
I
put
the
link
in
the
chat
you
go
here
and
I
will
say:
hey.
Maybe
we
can.
We
have
a
list
of
openshift
labs
over
here.
Maybe
we
can
add
one
for
kids
kit
in
this
page.
It
would
be
nice
to
have
one
one
lab
that
you
can
start
and
try
from
this
page.
For
my
there's
a
this
is
a
cloud
openshift
instant
that
will
start,
but
right
now
you
can
also
start
with
an
empty
openshift
cluster.
This
is
a
and
obviously
more
than
12.
A
this
start,
and
then
you
can,
you
know,
go
into
the
the
web
console
of
your
openshift
cluster
log
in
with
the
credentials
that
are
in
in
the
lab,
and
you
can
start
installing
kiskit
operator
over
here.
If
you
want
to
try
yourself
and
Kate
will
I
was
I
was
looking
for
in
the
operator
hub
for
kids,
kit
and
I.
A
Have
this
kids
get
playground
so
basically
I'm
just
clicking
install
this
is
gonna
stall,
the
operator
in
in
the
cluster,
and
then
you
can
I
I
suppose
that
you
can
start
trying
your
kisket
work
clothes
in
in
an
open
shift.
So
it's
easy
to
get
started
with
the
operator
because
it
provides
you
know
all
the
API
to
start
working
on
on
openshift
for
kiss
kit
and
then
you
can
follow
kiskit,
documentation
and
and
tutorials
to
to
really
run
your
workload.
A
But
as
you
you
can
see,
it's
really
easy
to
to
to
start
with
kisket
operator,
and
you
can
start
with
our
learning
portal.
If
you
want
started
right
now,
so
you
have
basically
let
me
stop
sharing
my
screen,
you,
you
can
try
yourself!
Quantum
with
the
with
the
IBM
Quantum
website,
and
also
you
can
try
on
auto
shift
gasket
from
with
the
developer
portal.
B
A
A
Some
effect,
yeah
I'm,
really
excited
a
fox.
If
you
have
any
question
from
4K
and
will
in
the
chat
please
let
us
know
we
will
bring
this
question
I
think
today,
we've
seen
a
really
cool
stuff
to
get
started
with,
with
with
Quantum
and
kiss
kit,
maybe
again
on
on
kiss
kit.
What
are
the
typical
your
skate
for
kiss
kit
if,
if
I,
if
I
have
my
opposite
cluster,
what
I
can
do
with
kiss
kit
or
useful.
B
Yeah
I
know
that's
a
really
good
question,
so
I
think
probably
the
most
used.
I
think
lots
of
people
are
jumping
on
the
website
to
get
started
and
to
learn
so
lots
of
people.
Learning
Quantum
Computing
are
definitely
jumping
onto
the
circuit
composer
to
see
how
I
think
like,
for
example,
the
demo
will
show
there
it's
a
really
good
way
to
actually
visualize
what
we
mean
when
like
Quantum
is
all
about
probabilities.
B
These
Concepts
like
superposition,
that
that
people
we
can
talk
about,
but
it's
nice
to
see
so
definitely
lots
of
people
jumping
onto
the
and
the
composer
tool
to
learn
more
about
Quantum,
Computing
I.
Think
from
like
more
of
a
research
and
people
like
actually
using
it
for
their
work.
It's
a
bit
of
a
mix.
B
We
do
have
a
specific
Financial,
Services
application
module,
which
is
made
up
of
both
kind
of
optimization
and
machine
learning
and
tools
in
there.
So
Under
Wraps,
a
lot
of
that
is
replicated
in
the
optimization
and
machine
learning,
application
modules,
but
probably
lots
of
people
coming
in
to
use
those
application
modules
and
then
people
coming
from
a
research
perspective
as
well,
where
the
circuits
are
a
bit
more
bespoke
to
their
research.
C
I
was
just
going
to
say
you
can
go
super
deep
as
well.
You
can
go
all
the
way
down
to
the
pulse
level
like
the
way
Quantum.
Our
key
bits
are
controlled
is
Mike
waves
that
come
in
and
change
the
frequency
of
oscillation
of
the
key
bits,
and
you
can
like
you,
can
literally
go
right
down
to
that
level
as
well.
C
A
Nice
nice,
thank
you
for
this
clarification
really
help
understanding.
You
know
the
people
that
want
to
use
it
for
any
particular
use
case
they
can.
They
can
try
theirselves.
We
have
seen
how
easy
it
is
to
you
know,
get
started
with
kiskit
with
the
operator
or
an
openshift
available
from
operator
Hub
and
this
white
Community
hey.
Is
there
any
next
conferences
about
kiskit
or
or
will
be
the
the
quantum
Summit
the
one.
B
I
think
there
so
Quantum
Summits
are
a
big
annual
one.
There
should
be
quite
a
few
in
events
in
between
now
and
then,
though,
that
hopefully
there'll
be
some
information
for
on
the
either
The
Advocates
website
or
just
the
general
Cascade
website,
because
the
kids
get
community
extends
far
beyond
just
IBM.
They
tend
to
operate
a
lot
of
events
on
their
own
I
know
they
have
weekly
seminars
as
well.
B
So
if
you're
interested
in
learning
more,
you
can
tune
into
the
seminar
series
that
they
can
send
invites
to
you
about,
and
you
don't
have
to
be
an
advocate
join
those
you
can
join
those
just
as
an
interested
person
as
well.
So
definitely
lots
of
virtual
staff
to
join
and
I
think
there
should
be
some
in-person
events
too.
That
hopefully,
are
visible
on
like
Escape
website
somewhere.
Thank.
A
C
A
So
start
you
know,
start
learning
just
just
start
learning.
You
have
a
plenty
of
resources.
You
have
the
the
quizkid
website,
the
the
quantum
Computing
website
with
the
tutorials
I
guess
there
are
also
other
tutorials
right
now,
all
the
circuit,
the
one
there
are
many
many
ones
in
available
yeah.
So
those
are
the
the
the
first
step
is.
Is
the
slack
Community
active
the
people
I
want
to
chat
and
learn.
B
Yeah
Super
Active,
so
yeah.
If
you
are
interested
in
getting
involved
with
the
kiskey
community,
there's
a
separate
sort
of
Kiss
get
slack
space,
you
can
you
can
join
and
it's
super
interactive
I'm
getting
tagged
so
many
times
a
day
from
there.
Just
people
are
very,
very
yeah
active
in
that
community.
A
Amazing
amazing,
well
with
this
really
thank
you
Kate
and
will
for
for
joining
us
today.
It
was
a
really
exciting
and
interesting
episode
to
learn
more
about
Quantum
Quantum,
the
physics
behind
the
engineering
aspect,
but
also,
as
you
mentioned,
okay,
the
software
and
open
source
aspect
of
it,
and
what
are
the
possible
application
on
openshift
was
some
comment
in
the
chat:
how
we
to
mix
and
connect
AI
workloads
to
Quantum
workloads,
more
interoperability
for
the
upcoming
future.
A
B
A
A
Before
we
close
some
quick
reminder,
we
will
come
back
next
week
with
openshift
coffee
break,
but
today
we
are.
We
have.
We
also
have
more
episodes
in
our
U.S
time
frame,
so
stay
in
touch
with
us
on
openshift
TV,
and
we
come
back
the
next
week
for
another
episode.
Let
me
look
at
what
we
have
an
agenda
and
check
quickly.
So
we
have
oh,
we
have
our
partner,
portworx
Pure
Storage,
talking
about
that
as
the
deer
and
business
continuity
with
report
works
and
an
open
shift.
A
So
this
is
for
the
next
for
today
really
really
thank
you.
Kate
will
for
being
our
super
special
guest
at
openshiftv,
I.
Hope
to
see
you
soon
for
Run
next
update
on
Quantum
and
hey
folks.
Please
go
to
the
slack
Channel
join
them
there
at
the
kiskit
community,
really
really
exciting
times
ahead
towards
the
quantum
Advantage
right.
Yeah.