►
From YouTube: RustConf 2016 - Closing Keynote by Julia Evans
Description
RustConf 2016 - Closing Keynote by Julia Evans
Do you ever think “Ok, I'm definitely not a beginner at programming anymore, but how do I get WAY BETTER?” I have. It turns out that there are a lot of amazing things you can learn about programming by learning a little bit of Rust and systems programming, and I'm going to talk about some of my favorites.
A
Alright
I'm
Julia
I'm
on
the
Internet
I
work
at
stripe.
They
helped
get
me
here
that
was
wonderful
cool,
so
I'm
gonna
talk
about
a
bunch
of
things
in
this
talk,
I,
really
care
about
a
lot
about
learning
systems.
Programming,
I'm
going
to
talk
about
how
Rus
helps
facilitate
that
I'm
gonna
talk
about
the
particular
ways
in
which
I
think
the
rest
community
is
wonderful.
We're
gonna
talk
about
contributing
without
coding.
A
We've
talked
a
lot
about
contributing
with
coding,
which
is
also
wonderful
and
we're
gonna
talk
about
learning
all
the
time,
which
is
my
favorite
thing.
So
there
are
a
lot
of
reasons
to
love.
Brust
I
hear
that
people
have
rushed
because
you
can
write
fast
and
save
software.
We've
heard
a
lot
about
security.
There
are
a
lot
of
really
great
programming
languages,
ideas
and
I
am
NOT,
rust,
wizard.
A
Doing
it's
a
fun
way
to
experiments
and
it's
a
good
place
to
go
to
ask
for
help
when
I
got
invited
to
give
this
talk,
which
was
like
the
best
day
ever
I
I
got
an
email
me
like,
so
we
like
the
good
breast,
is
being
empowering
for
a
wide
variety
of
people
who
might
not
otherwise
consider
themself
systems.
Programmers
right-
and
this
is
something
which
is
really
exciting
to
me.
So
rush
is
really
good
for
experiments.
I'd
like
to
do
a
lot
of
experiments.
A
A
Scientist
I
knew
a
whole
bunch
of
programming
languages
and
I've
been
programming
for
a
while,
like
for
maybe
ten
nine
ten
years,
I
just
I
had
two
computers,
nice
juries
and
I
do
not
know
what
to
learn
next
right,
like
and
I
still
felt
like.
There
was
a
lot
I
didn't
know,
which
was
true
right,
like
I.
Wasn't
assistance
programmer?
Definitely
I
did
a
lot
of
math
and
math
you're
like
what
is
a
computer
right.
A
So,
like
didn't,
really
know
understand
what
my
kernel
did.
Even
though
I've
been
running
Linux
for
a
long
time,
I
was
confused
about
some
basic
facts.
I
didn't
know
what
a
system
call
was
I
had
a
lot
of
really
basic
questions
about
how
operating
systems
worked.
At
this
point
in
time,
I
went
to
the
worker
center,
which
is
one
of
my
favorite
places
in
the
world.
A
For
those
of
you
who
do
not
applied,
because
you
don't
know
what
it
is.
The
recursive
there's
a
12-week
program,
12-week
program
retreat
where
you
go
and
you're
like
what
do
I
love
the
programming
and
what
am
I
going
to
learn,
and
you
learn
things
on
your
own
ax.
You
decide
what's
exciting
to
you.
I
went
there
with
a
lot
of
questions
about
operating
systems,
because
I
was
like
what's
really
hard
and
I
was
like
building
an
operating
system.
A
Gonna
be
really
hard
right
and
so
I
would
ask
like
what
system
call
cuz
I
didn't
know
what
that
was,
and
then
someone
was
like.
Well,
it's
the
way
you
tell
your
operating
system
to
do
things
like
when
you
open
a
file.
You're
over
operating
system
knows
how
to
open
files,
and
then
so
you
tell
it
with
a
system
call
and
I
was
like.
Oh
okay,
now
I
know
what
it
is
done.
A
I
used
to
have
a
demo
of
this,
but
my
embrace
code
has
not
compiled
for
the
last
three
years,
because
I've
heard
it
in
rest,
2013
anyway,
the
whole
thing
so
Andre
to
keyboard
driver-
and
there
are
a
lot
of
like
questions
involved
like
I
needed
to
use
like
assembly
and
I,
need
you
strings
and
rust
and
I
was
really
confused
about
strings
and
rest
and
to
kind
of
life.
All
things
happened.
A
And
I
was-
and
it
turned
out
that
not
in
fact,
like
I
didn't
know
this
definite
turned
out
that
other
people
also
did
not
know
any
of
this
stuff.
Right
and
and
I
could
contribute
something,
even
though
I
was
kind
of
a
beginner
and
there's
a
really
interesting
comment
in
the
opening
opening
talk
this
morning.
I
think
I
think
mine
ego,
which
is
like,
if
it's
not
documented
it
might
as
well,
not
exist
right.
A
So
there's
this
idea
that,
like
if
you,
if
you
don't
know
about
something,
it
might
as
well,
not
exist
in
a
way,
and
so
this
is
how
I
became
a
chief
developer
advocate
for
esterase,
because
one
day
someone
told
me
that
a
program
called
s
trace
the
traces
system
calls-
and
this
was
so
like.
It
was
so
upsetting
to
me
that
I
hadn't
known
that
this
existed
for
the
last
ten
years,
kind
of
embarked
on
a
campaign
to
tell
everyone.
A
I
knew
currently
I
have
printed
500
stickers
and
I
have
a
stray
sticker
on
my
phone
anyway.
It
got
sort
about
upend,
but
the
reason
I
kind
of
like
doing
this
is
like
that
I
program.
In
my
my
job
right
so
I
spend
all
day
like
doing
code,
reviews
and
programming
only
you
know
I'm
writing
design
documents
at
the
end
of
the
day.
I'm
like
I,
don't
want
to
do
another
code
review.
It
doesn't
sound
fun
right.
A
It's
like
too
much
the
same,
but
but
I
do
like
to
tell
people
about
things
and
the
kind
of
fun
thing
about
telling
people
about
things
is.
If
you're
building
something,
then
you
have
to
like
build
the
whole
thing
and
then
tell
people
about
it,
but
you
can
do
this
cool
trick
where
you
just
skip
the
building.
It
part
find
something
really
cool
and
tell
people
about
it,
and
then
people
are
like
wow,
you're,
amazing
and
you're
like
I
know,
right
I
just
invented
s
tres
for
you.
A
Ok
yeah,
so
that's
it
that's.
Why
were
telling
people
about
things
as
a
cool
hack
to
come
the
best
program
in
the
world?
But
if
you
actually
want
to
write
programs
and
like
learning
systems
programming,
how
do
you
do
that
right?
So
it's
co-worker
who
asked
asked
me
yesterday
he
was
like
hey
I'm
reading
this
rust
book
I'm,
like
I've,
been
learning
that
syntax
I'm
like
but
like
how
do
I
like?
What's
a
good
good
systems,
programming
programmed
right
and
I
was
like
good
question
right
like
you
want
to
learn
something.
A
You
don't
really
necessarily
mind
what
you
learn.
You
just
want
to
be
new,
so
we're
gonna
talk
about
another
experiment,
which
is
that
one
evening
at
Julia's,
house
and
Julia
is
like
okay,
so
like
what's
going
on
with
concurrency
right,
and
so
let's
make
this
a
little
more
concrete
than
like.
What's
concurrency,
there's
this
question
of
like
what
are
the
systems
primitives
for
concurrency
right,
like
I,
have
a
computer,
they're,
concurrent
programs
and
they're
all
kind
of
using
the
same
stuff,
and
so
I
was
like
okay
I
know,
there's
threads
I
know.
A
Sometimes
I
was
really
into
Estrella.
Estrella
things
and
I
would
say:
futex
I
wasn't
totally
clear
on
what
futex
was
but
I
think
it's
like
it
I
some
things.
You
think
right
and
I
knew
that
you
had
like
at
all
make
something
I
don't
know
right.
So
I
decided
to
do
some
programs
step.
One
was
over
to
C
program
because
way,
easier
to
write,
unsafe,
C
programs
and
I'd
say
for
us
programs,
cool
feature
of
C.
A
And
I'd
like
a
thousand
threads
and
then
all
the
threads
would
increment
the
same
counter
right,
which
is
like
how
you
get
a
race
condition
and
I'm
like
I
made
a
race
condition
I'm,
so
happy
extremely
easy
and
I
would
run
it
and
it
would
not
get
to
a
million.
It
would
get
to
some
lower
number
right
and
it
was
always
a
different
number.
It
was
very
exciting.
Uh-Huh
and
I
felt
proud
of
myself.
A
I'd
already
succeeded
right,
I
made
a
race
condition,
good
job
and
then
I
was
like
okay,
I'm
gonna,
learn
it
at
mutexes,
right
and
so
I
wrote
I
figured
out
how
to
do
it
and
C,
which
is
use.
This
function
called
like
pthread,
mutex,
lock,
I,
guess,
and
then
that
maybe
uses
the
futex
system
call
I
was
I
showed
this.
Is
this
talk
to
someone
before
I
gave
it
and
it
was
like?
Did
you
know
that
it
only
sometimes
uses
the
futex
system
:?
A
A
So
I
did
this:
I
used
a
mutex
where
you're
just
like
okay
I'm
updating
this
counter,
I'm
gonna,
like
let
me
know
when
I'm
allowed,
and
then
you
update
it
and
you're
like
okay
I'm
done,
and
then
someone
else
does
it
after
and
that
worked,
and
that
was
great
and
I
felt
like
I
knew
what
a
mutex
was
a
little
bit,
which
was
good
and
I
also
felt
like
I
knew
like
what
system
calls
were
happening,
which
is
good
and
then
I
was
like
okay.
So
this
is
atomic
thing.
A
What's
up
with
that,
so
I
googled
I
was
like
atomic
computer
I,
don't
know
nothing,
but
something
smart
and
what
would
I
figure
it
out
on
that
day
was
that
you
have
these
atomic
instructions
for
x86,
right
or
you're
like
please
increment
this,
but,
like
you
know,
in
a
smart
good
way
where,
where
you
you
like,
put
a
lock
around
it,
but
it's
just
like
one
CPU,
and
then
this
actually
explained
like
so
I
go
ahead
in
like
somewhat
earlier
I.
Think
also
in
2013.
A
Can
you
discuss
like
the
pros
and
cons
and
implementing
a
walk,
free
hash
table,
and
this
is
kind
of
interesting,
because
at
the
time
I
had
no
idea
what
this
meant
and
no
idea
how
to
discuss
the
pros
and
cons
and
I
was
like
this
seems
very
interesting,
but
I'm
really
confused,
and
so,
when
I
learned
about
these
atomic
instructions,
I
was
like
oh
I
would
like
use
atomic
instructions,
I
see
and
then,
like
I,
still
don't
know
what
the
pros
and
cons
of
implementing
like
a
lock
free
hash
table.
That's
okay!
A
A
I
want
to
talk
a
little
bit
about
actually
writing
programs,
because
I
wrote
a
program
in
rust
recently,
maybe
for
the
first
time
actually
like
a
program
that
does
something
useful
that
had
previously
been
very
low
priority
for
me,
and
so
I
want
to
talk
about
this
idea
that,
like
Russ,
makes
kind
of
improbable
programs
possible.
I
originally
wrote
impossible,
but
I'm
really
so,
like
you
can
write
any
program.
A
You
want
and
see
right
in
principle,
but
it
is
somewhat
improbable
that
I
would
write
a
complicated
program
and
see
for
reasons
that
are
going
to
become
apparent
shortly,
so
sort
of
important
to
me
that
rust
exists
right,
and
this
is
where
we
get
back
to
this
idea.
That,
like
rust,
is
empowering
right
and
you're
like.
Oh,
maybe
I
can
write
that
program
right
and
empowerment
is
just
like
about
being
able
to
do
stuff.
It's
like.
Maybe
you
can
do
stuff
with
the
rest
that,
like
you,
wouldn't
really
do
otherwise.
A
So
so
here's
like
the
kind
of
problem
that
was
interested
in
is
Ruby,
is
taking
all
your
CPU
and
you're
like
you're,
ruining
my
day
verb'.
Why
are
you
doing
that
right
and
you
want
to
know
why
I
was
a
little
mad
about
this
cuz?
You
can
see
what
the
chrome
is
doing.
Actually,
so
let
me
start
a
video
in
chrome
really
quickly:
I'm
not
gonna
fit
on
the
sample.
A
A
Why
you
need
to
RGB
32
ro,
SSE
I,
don't
know
so
I,
don't
know
what
this
is,
but
I
do
know
that
it's
taking
up
three
point:
five,
nine
percent
of
my
CPU
right
now
and
that's
like
some
internal
function
in
Chrome,
and
it
was
kind
of
upsetting
to
me
that
I
could
learn
this
well
chrome
and,
like
approximately
three
seconds
you
know
sleepy
thread,
mutex
lock
down
there.
It's
real.
A
A
Let's
say
you
want
to
do
this
and
I'm
really
I,
don't
know
anything
about
review
internals
then
I
was
really
scared
of
them,
so
want
to
do
something
which
is
like
outside
of
the
review
process,
and
so
the
idea
is
that
you
kind
of
have
some
running
Ruby
process
and
you
spy
on
it
from
the
outside,
and
you
want
to
see
what
it's
doing
and
so,
basically
what
happened
is
I
hope.
This
was
kind
of
I
was
talking
to
someone
about
this
and
they
were
like
Julia.
You
can
totally
do
this.
A
It's
really
easy.
Let's
just
just
go.
Do
it
over
week
and
I
was
like
I'm,
not
sure
I
can
do
this,
but
I
decided
to
try,
because
this
guy
was
talking
to
claimed
it
was
totally
easy.
And
so
this
is
the
situation.
But
he
kind
of
impressed
on
me
over
many
weeks
because
I
feel
like
a
doozy
and
he's
like.
Have
you
done
it
yet
I'm
like
no
I,
don't
know
what
you're
talking
about
and
this
picture
right
and
so
it
you
can
see
over
there.
A
A
You
have
like
the
Ruby
stack
right,
which
has
like
I,
don't
know,
functions
like
a
rails,
something
I
don't
know:
rails
I,
just
assumed
I
was
like
just
I
called
rails
and
then
maybe
there's
like
extra
information
like
function
names,
that's
like
scattered
all
over
the
place,
but
in
there
like
inside
the
virtual
machine,
this
process
somewhere.
There's
information
about
the
Ruby
stack
right,
like
it's
not
impossible
to
know
what
what
it's
doing
and
so
I
kind
of
like
learn.
A
A
But
memory
management
CNC
is
not
a
skill.
I
have
right
and
I
didn't
really
I
wasn't
really
excited
about
learning
it,
so
so
I
sort
of
know
rust,
but
I'm
not
like
super
good
at
it.
So
I
talked
to
my
partner
and
I
was
like
well
I.
Have
this
even
it's,
he
didn't
know,
and
he
was
like
well
like.
Let's
just
translate
dressed
and
I
was
like
yeah,
it
just
translated
dress,
so
he
translated,
tore
us
and
took
like
a
couple
hours
right
and
this
kind
of
helps
with
some
in
productivity.
I.
A
Have
this
highly
scientific
metric
of
program
working
this
so
kind
of
huayna
and
I
said
sure
s
and
then
I
was
like?
Oh
I,
see
their
hash
tables
in
rust.
I,
don't
need
to
like
write
those
from
scratch
right
or
whatever
I.
Don't
know
what
C
programmers
do
I,
don't
know.
I
just
don't
know
right
like
I,
wouldn't
know
what
to
do.
I
could
look
it
up
right
like
like
it's
not
impossible
to
learn.
C
I
have
not
done
it.
A
A
So
you
won't
know
if
you're
looking
at
this
like
zero
one,
zero
zero
one
and
you
think
it's
like
an
ER
b
string
key,
you
don't
know
like
what
it
like,
what
all
those
bytes
mean
right.
So
what
you
want
to
do
is
you
want
to
have
like
the
original
struct
definition,
so
you
can
see
like
okay,
the
first
four
bytes
are
a
pointer.
A
The
next
four
bytes
are
length
and
then
the
next
16
bytes
are
a
weird
thing,
so
I
needed
to
do
this
and
the
turns
out
there's
a
debugging
program
called
dwarf,
which
has
this,
which
is
it's
the
whole
thing
so
I
started
out
using
this
library
called
the
dwarf.
I
was
like
I,
don't
know.
What's
going
on,
does
the
API
is
really
difficult
to
use?
It
was
also
slow
and
I
had
to
link
it
and
it
was
like
a
hole.
A
A
That
I
do
when
I
have
problems
as
I
complain
about
them
on
Twitter
and
someone
was
like
hey.
This
is
this:
is
rust
library
called
Gimli
and
when
people
work,
sons,
library,
Nick,
Nick
Fitzgerald
who
I
got
to
meet
today,
was
like
hey
yeah,
it's
like
not
done,
but
maybe
it'll
help
you
and
like
tell
me
if
I
can
help
and
I
was
like,
oh
sweet.
This
is
way
better
than
the
dwarf,
which
is
just
like
this,
like
software
from
the
90s
or
something
I,
don't
know
what
to
do
it.
A
Maybe
it's
not
I,
don't
know
what
it's
from
anyway,
so
Gimli
it
had
less
features
I've
been
like,
but
it
was
easier
to
read.
I
could
like
go
look
at
it
and
they
have
like
friendly
maintained
errs
like
I.
Have
a
question
they'll
be
like
I
will
help
explain
to
you
how
dwarf
works,
which
was
really
nice
and
I
assume?
It
was
like
a
three
line,
pull
request.
A
This
is
my
like
open
source
contribution
for
the
year,
and
so
the
the
key
thing
here
was
actually
that
this,
let
me
get
my
program
to
work,
which
is
something
I
could
not
do
before.
Like
I
got
it
like
90%
working
with
lib
dwarf
but
90%.
It
means
nothing
to
your
computer,
so
actually
program
to
work.
A
It
worked
on
three
different
computers
and
I
started
to
kind
of
understand
how
drawer
forked,
which
was
really
nice
right,
because
if
you
like
understanding
systems
and
systems,
programming
and
I
was
like
oh
I,
get
it
like
they're
these
different
sort
of
program.
You
have
these
different
Iliff
sections,
mzf
code
and
you're
coding
of
data
and
then
to
have
like
put
some
extra
debug
sections
at
the
end,
which
are
just
like
extra
train
cars
really
and
then
there's
like
I
mean
that's
like
only
like
step
zero
of
knowing
how
it
works.
A
You
have
to
also
know,
what's
in
all
those
sections
and
what
it
all
means,
and
it's
a
whole
I
was
talking
to
someone
who
worked
on
GTV,
it's
the
whole
side
guy
anyway,
and
then
so
we
did
it
and
I
should
have
this
to
work,
which
was
very
exciting.
I
can
show
you
sort
of
a
demo.
So
this
is
my
Jekyll,
my
blog
building
in
a
loop
right
and
then.
A
Yeah,
so
these
are
like
the
functions
that
are
running
right
now.
I
made
like
kind
of
a
list
of
maybe
I
need
to
take
this
smaller,
oh
yeah,
okay,
cool
yeah,
so
it's
doing
purse
purse
seems
to
be
really
important
and
sanitized
path
seems
to
be
important.
I,
don't
know
you
can
kind
of
see
like
a
top
list
of
like
the
functions
that
are
running
and
it's
all
like
real
and
so
I
felt
kind
of
happy
with
myself.
A
I
learned
that
desktop
software
is
really
hard,
I,
mostly
work
on
servers.
It
runs
on
my
computer
and
also
to
other
people's
computers,
I've,
no
guarantee,
no
knowledge
that
it
works
on
more
than
three,
and
so
like
frustrating
cuz
I'm
like
oh
there's,
a
compiler
and
like
what
is
this
compiler
I
mean
like.
A
Ultimately,
it
helps
me
do
kind
of
awesome
things
right
and
I
can
I
can
write
some
programs
that
I
couldn't
really
right
before,
which
is
really
exciting
to
me,
I've
some
closing,
like
a
whole
bunch
of
statements,
I
guess
I'm
really
into
like
learning
all
the
time
I
noticed
and
like
one
really
fun
thing
about
systems
is
almost
more
stuff
to
learn.
Right,
like
I.
A
Find
it
really
fun
to
like
contribute
to
the
community
by
like
blogging
and
writing
things,
and
this
is
really
cool
right
cuz,
it
can
be.
It
can
be
a
lot
faster
than
contributing
by
writing
code.
If
you,
if
you
like,
writing
I,
often
like
write
a
blog
post
in
like
and
like
a
couple
of
hours,
I'll
be
like
I
learned
a
cool
thing
about
s,
trace.
Here's
the
cool
thing,
goodbye.
A
Yeah
and
another
one
thing
about
blogging:
that
I'm
really
into
is
making
resources
for,
like
kind
of
intermediate
developers.
I
used
to
find
it
frustrating
when,
like
I,
would
see
a
lot
of
really
cool
tutorials
about
learning
how
to
program
like
learn,
Python
the
hard
way
and
like
those
are
really
important,
but
at
the
same
time
I'm
like
I,
know
how
to
program.
A
What
I
want
to
know
is
more
things
and
I
think
it's
really
fun
to
write
things
like
you're,
like
oh
database
works,
and
you
could
be
like
oh
I've,
been
using
databases
for
six
years,
but
I
never
knew
how
it
works
right
and
there's
like
there's
always
like
so
much
more
to
know,
even
if
you've
been
learning,
even
if
you've
been
knowing
how
to
program
for
a
long
time
and
one
cool
thing
that
you
can
do
when
you're
doing
this
is
like
make
things
salad
like
exactly
as
hard
as
they
are
I.
Think.
A
A
A
But
it's
really
like
charming
and
delightful
to
me
that
people
are
like
oh
yeah,
anyone
could
learn
this
stuff.
My
eight-year-old
could
learn
this
stuff
and
I'm
like
whoa,
like
like
it's
good
and
sometimes
like
more
people
can
learn
more
like,
like
people
can
learn
harder
things
and
you
think
that
they
can.
If
you
just
explain
it
in
a
way
that
makes
sense
which
is
really
cool,
and
it
means
that
we
have
to
like
maybe
get
rid
of
our
conceptions
of
ourselves
ERDs,
but
maybe
not
because.