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B
A
A
C
A
So
the
portion
of
these
rules
that
we
are
have
been
in
here
as
a
standard
part
that
we
never
used
is
on
a
first
page,
a
under
meetings.
The
last
sentence,
notwithstanding
any
other
provision
of
this
subsection,
less
than
a
form
of
the
joint
interim
committee
that
you
may
meet
in
transact
business,
provided
the
absent
members,
are
subsequently
told
and
asked
to
vote
by
written
ballot
on
any
action
taken
further.
A
A
D
E
On
against
the
amendment,
ladies
and
gentlemen,
I
think
that's
important
that
we,
you
know,
work
as
a
team.
There's
been
a
lot
of
dysfunction
between
chambers
and
some
committees.
I
just
don't
think
that's
necessary
on
this
committee.
We
work
together.
There's
no
should
be
no
division
between
house
and
the
senate.
You
know,
I
just
don't
think.
E
That's
all
that
necessary
and
you
know,
moving
forward
is
a
section
we've
had
times
where
a
joint
activity
bill
has
gone
to
a
different
committee
in
one
chamber
or
the
other,
so
just
because
it
doesn't
pass
one
house
and
this
committee
does
not
necessarily
mean
that
it's
not
going
to
become
law.
So
I
I
resist
that
amendment.
F
Any
further
discussion,
yes
senator!
Mr
chairman,
I
don't
think
it's
about
the
vision.
I
think
it's
about.
We
spend
a
lot
of
time
and
we're
outnumbered
by
the
house
already
and
there's
times
where
the
house
wants
to
do
it
and
the
senate
doesn't
and
it's
just
about
making
a
better
working
product
and
making
sure
that
we
can
actually
get
a
better
things
product
and
a
team
working
for
the
same
goals.
G
G
Yeah,
mr
chairman,
I
I
I
guess
I
see
it
the
same
way.
This
isn't
a
division,
it's
just
to
stop
us
from
wasting
time.
If
we
can't
get
it
out
of
one
house
as
a
committee,
it
doesn't
make
any
sense
to
say
it's
a
joint
committee
bill.
If
we
know
that
there's
not
support
in
the
house
and-
and
it
has
been
said
it
can
be
assigned
to
a
different
committee.
G
G
G
And
I
think
that's
a
problem.
I
actually
think
we
need-
and
I
I
don't
want
to
preach
to
my
chairs,
but
I
I
think
out
of
respect
for
our
community.
We've
done
the
work
in
we
shouldn't
have
our
bills
being
heard
by
other
committees.
I
think
that's
where
we
get
into
trouble
when
they
start
playing
games
and
assigning
our
committee
bills,
because
it's
not
just
us
if
they're
doing
that
so
anyway,
that's
my
piece.
A
Well,
the
bill
that
was
in
question
was
a
bill
that
really
needed
to
go
through
some
attorneys
and
eventually
in
order
to
get
it
through
the
house.
We
had
to
do
some
rewriting
and
we
don't
have
any
attorneys.
I
don't
believe
on
this
on
this
committee
and
that
that's
the
case
a
lot
of
times,
not
necessarily
good
or
bad,
but
we
need
attorneys
in
agriculture
too.
So
there
are
some
exceptions.
I
would
agree
with
you
most
of
the
time
because
it
should
be
our
bill.
A
A
A
A
If,
if
we
came
to
our
last
meeting
and
we
have
to
have
a
forum-
and
we
don't
have
for
whatever
reason
the
house
that
doesn't
have
a
problem
like
it
said,
you
only
have
five
senate
members
and
three
of
them
are
gone
for
a
variety
of
reasons
and
we're
in
trouble.
So
I
I
I
believe
we
can
work
through
this.
The
differences.
This
is
an
ag
committee
in
the
first
place
and
there's
not
that
much
division
on
things
just
like
we're
on
education
or
something
anyways.
F
G
We
did
that
same
rule
change
last
last
intro,
so
I
mean
I
just
don't
see
it's
I
I
think
that,
like
I
said
it's
about
making
sure
that
we
don't
just
get
something
through
that
the
senate
may
be
not
going
to
agree
with,
and
we
do
all
this
work
on
it.
I
think
we
should
make
sure
we
just
agree
on
what
we're
working
on
and
that
way
we
get
a
good
product.
A
A
A
E
Yes,
code,
chairman,
okay,
yeah,
just
real
quick
to
first
of
all
welcome
everybody.
I
know
we
got
a
lot
of
new
members.
It's
your
first
intro
meeting
so
excited
to
get
going
here,
as
we
alluded
to
the
microphones
in
the
tv,
so
just
be
aware
of
that,
especially
those
in
the
audience.
Apparently,
it's
quite
sensitive,
so
just
because
so
that-
and
so
you
have
your
conversations,
we're
streaming
live
on
youtube,
and
so
I
I
agree.
This
is
kind
of
unique
situation.
E
We're
used
to
having
a
microphone
but
hey
that'll,
keep
us
focused
and
maybe
not
not
making
unnecessary
statements
right.
If
we
have
to
consume
our
voice-
and
you
know
you
know,
make
sure
that
we
use
our
diaphragm
when
we
talk,
I
guess
so
yeah.
I
just
want
to
say
that
I
want
to
welcome
everybody
excited
to
be
back
in
person
and
make
sure
you
enunciate
and
use
your
inside
voice,
but
but
not
your
quiet
inside
voice,
as
we
have
these
discussions.
E
A
Welcome
everybody.
I
look
forward
to
chairing
this
committee.
I
was
on
it
a
few
terms
ago,
and
this
is
greatly
this
my
area
of
knowledge
and
expertise.
I
guess
a
couple
things.
I'd
say
to
the
whole
committee
is,
if
you're
in
doubt
of
any
of
the
material
we
have.
If
you
have
questions
on
it,
it's
a
good
plan
for
everybody
to
research,
things
ahead
of
time
and
have
have
things
ready.
A
If
you
believe
other
people
need
to
be
brought
into
the
process,
we
need
to
know
ahead
of
time,
so
we
can
notify
them
years
ago.
I
always
thought
my
ideas
were
best
and-
and
I
went
to
some
they
were.
They
were
actually
called
agriculture,
holistic
management
and
we
went
through
exercises
at
those
at
those
training
sessions
with
committees
and
almost
invariably
97
percent
of
the
time
you
always
come
up
with
a
better
product
when
you
use
the
genius
of
the
whole
group.
A
A
J
I
J
J
J
Yes,
okay,
so
this
powerpoint,
as
I
said,
summarizes
the
research
memo
that
you
should
have
in
your
meeting
materials
that
concerns
industrial
revenue
bonds
and
in
order
to
make
it
easier
to
follow
along
with
the
powerpoint
and
the
memo
at
the
bottom
of
each
slide.
I
put
the
corresponding
page
number
to
the
research
memo
and
use
me
get
my
mouse
to
work
here,
so
I
can
hopefully
go
to
the
next
slide.
J
J
So
revenue
bonds
can
be
used
to
fund
either
public
benefit
projects
or
private
sector
projects
when
they
fund
private
sector
projects,
they're
known
as
private
activity,
bonds,
they're
often
used
as
an
economic
development
tool.
So
industrial
revenue
bonds
are
a
type
of
private
activity.
Bond
private
activity
bonds
can
be
taxable
meaning
that
bond
interest
is
subject
to
federal
income
tax
or
they
can
be
tax-exempt.
J
J
The
company
borrower
then
leases
the
facility
from
the
government
issuer
constructs
and
equips
the
facility,
then
purchases
the
facility
for
a
nominal
price.
At
the
end
of
the
bond
term,
the
company
borrower
is
responsible
for
paying
back
bond
principle
and
interest
to
the
bond
investor,
with
revenues
generated
by
the
project.
J
There
are
state
and
local
tax
benefits
for
the
company
borrower,
who
is
financed
through
an
industrial
revenue
bond,
since
the
government
issuer
holds
title
to
the
project
during
the
bond
term.
The
facility
is
typically
exempt
from
property
taxes
and
may
also
be
exempt
from
other
taxes,
such
as
sales
tax
or
corporate
income
tax.
J
J
The
bond
provides
investment
income
and
if
it's
a
tax-exempt
bond
that
income
is
exempt
from
federal
income
tax,
so
the
internal
revenue
code
regulates
tax-exempt
private
activity
bonds
in
two
ways:
they
regulate
the
type
of
activity
that
can
be
financed
and
those
activities
are
called
are
known
as
qualified
private
activities
and
the
irc
regulates.
The
volume
of
tax-exempt
bonds
that
can
be
issued.
J
So
those
activities
that
tax
tax-exempt
bonds
can
be
used
to
finance
include
qualified
small
issue
bonds,
mortgage
revenue,
bonds,
qualified
student
loan
bonds
and
a
whole
list
of
other
activities
that
you
will
find
on
page
four
of
the
research
memo
qualifier.
I'm
sorry,
mortgage
revenue
bonds
are
what
the
wyoming
community
development
association
issues
and
uses
part
of
wyoming's
volume
cap
for.
J
Qualified
small
issue
bonds
can
be
used
to
finance
manufacturing
facilities
if
those
facilities
meet
the
internal
revenue
code,
definition
of
a
manufacturing
facility
and
there's
some
other
restrictions.
The
maximum
aggregate
bond
issue
cannot
exceed
10
million
dollars
and
at
least
95
percent
of
the
bond
net.
Proceeds
must
be
used
to
acquire
construct
or
improve
land
or
depreciable
property.
E
A
J
Yes,
mr
chairman,
so
what
is
the
definition
of
a
manufacturing
facility
under
the
internal
revenue
code?
This
slide
shows
that
definition,
it's
any
facility
used
in
the
manufacturing
or
production
of
tangible
personal
property,
including
the
processing
resulting
in
a
change
in
the
condition
of
such
property.
J
So
I
think
the
the
question
the
committee
was
interested
in
is:
do
meat
packing
plants
qualify
for
this
type
of
bond
financing?
Do
they
qualify
as
manufacturing
facilities,
and
I
think
they
do.
In
my
research,
I
came
across
an
internal
revenue
code,
training
module
that
actually
used
a
meatpacking
plant
as
an
example
of
a
manufacturing
facility.
J
A
A
J
J
And,
mr
chairman,
I
I
don't
know
that
I'm
able
to
answer
your
question,
but
I
could
certainly
look
into
that.
More.
Is
that
a
grant
program
that
you're
referring
to
that
the
person
the
plant
receiving
the
grant
has
to
provide
50
of
the
funds
as
a
as
matching
funds?
Yeah,
it
was
okay.
I
can
certainly
look
into
whether
you
could
use
revenue
bond
financing
as
a
match.
That
is
a
question
I'll
I'll,
try
and
answer.
I
E
More
here
and
more
of
a,
I
guess,
a
statement,
that's
you
know,
that's
the
opportunity
we
have
with
you
know,
making
a
bill
if
we
want
to
provide
some
direction
that
you
know
which
we're
going
to
use
these
this
capacity
we
currently
have
already
at
the
local
level,
and
you
know,
provide
some
cyborgs.
That
could
be
one
of
them.
If
you
want
to
use
an
industrial
revenue
bond
to
help
finance
a
meat
packing
plant,
for
example,
we
can
say:
okay,
you
have
to
have
a
50
match
if
you're
gonna
issue
it.
E
So
that's
a
point
of
having,
obviously,
as
has
its
roots
in
the
discussion
revolving
around
the
wyoming
agriculture
authority,
we
recognize
the
concerns
about
growing
government,
so
we're
looking
at
ways
we
can
use
what
we
have
to
achieve.
Basically
the
same
goal
here.
So
that's
what
we're
talking
about
revenue,
bonds
for
and
so,
as
you
think,
of
ideas
for
build
your
apps
committee.
That's
another
way,
we've
been
doing
it,
like,
I
said
using
stuff,
that's
already
on.
A
J
All
right,
thank
you,
mr
chairman.
So
now,
let's
talk
about
wyoming
and
how
wyoming
uses
revenue,
bonds,
wyoming
statutes
provide
a
variety
of
state
and
local
entities
with
revenue
bonding
authority.
This
slide
lists
state
entities
that
have
bonding
authority.
You
can
see
the
slip
board
is
on
the
list:
wcda
the
wyoming
energy
authority
and
some
others.
J
Local
governments
also
have
bonding
authority
to
finance
either
municipal
improvement
project
projects
such
as
sewer
systems
or
parking
facilities
or
under
the
wyoming
industrial
development
projects,
act
to
issue
industrial
revenue
bonds,
which
are
called
industrial
development
bonds.
Under
that
act,.
J
So
who
decides
how
wyoming
uses
its
300
million
dollar
tax-exempt
volume
cap
under
wyoming
statute?
The
governor
gets
to
decide
the
latest
governor's
rules
were
issued
in
2006,
they
allocate
90
million
dollars
to
wcda
30
million
dollars
to
the
wyoming
student
loan
corporation
and
the
remainder
to
a
general
allocation
pool
state
and
local
entities
can
apply
to
that
general
allocation
pool
for
tax-exempt
bond
issues.
J
So
since
the
wyoming
student
loan
corporation
is
no
longer
around,
wcda
is
about
the
only
entity
in
the
state
that
regularly
utilizes
the
tax-exempt
volume
cap.
The
governor's
office
reported
to
me
that
they
only
rarely
receive
applications
for
that
general
allocation
pool.
So
typically,
the
entire
pool
is
allocated
to
wcda
each
year
to
finance
mortgage
revenue,
bonds
and
mortgage
credit
certificates,
but
most
years
wcda
is
only
able
to
use
about
half
of
that.
300
million
dollar
allocation.
J
J
J
J
K
F
L
J
No
we're
not
the
only
state
using
this
process.
Other
states
utilize
both
taxable
and
tax-exempt
bonds
to
finance
a
lot
of
projects
and
in
fact,
a
lot
of
other
states
utilize
these
bonds
more
frequently
than
wyoming
does.
I
know
in
my
research
I
looked
at
new
mexico
new
mexico,
very
actively
markets
bonds
as
an
economic
development
tool
to
attract
businesses
to
their
state,
so
they
and
they
again
they
use
both
taxable
and
tax-exempt
bonds.
D
J
I'm
not
aware
of
any
constitutional
issues.
I
do
know
that
under
the
wyoming
industrial
development
projects
act
that
local
government
entities
so
cities,
towns,
counties
and
joint
powers
boards
are
given
the
authority
to
issue
industrial
revenue
bonds
to
finance
projects
such
as
manufacturing
facilities.
So
you
know,
I
don't
believe
there
are
any
constitutional
issues
there.
E
E
And
as
a
reminder,
wcda
has
been
using
this
for
decades
and
survived
core
challenges
from
I
think.
1978
was
last
time
so
yeah
it's
because
the
government
is
just
a
conduit.
As
you
know,
we
discussed
there's
no
risk
of
public
funds
with
these
reference
bonds
and
it's
kind
of
in
doing
some
research
a
lot
of
the
in
commerce
county
at
least
we've
referenced
the
last
time
this
is
used
just
last
year.
E
You
know
the
conference
county
commissioners
approved
10
million
dollars
for
a
project,
but
it
hasn't
happened
yet
because
they
couldn't
go
out
and
find
the
finance.
So
there's
still
a
private.
You
know
individual
investing
in
it,
we're
just
using
it
basically
to
avoid
the
federal
taxes
on
it,
which
leads
to
lower
interest
rates,
so
helps
reduce
the
federal
tax
burden
on
these
projects,
with
the
approval
of
local
governments
and
the
governor's
office.
A
Further
questions,
so
I
I
did
have
a
couple
questions
I
guess
about
it.
These
one
of
them
is
have
we
has
the
state
of
wyoming
ever
been
held
with
a
delinquent
payment
for
a
payment
that
can't
be
made
under
bonding
that
that
this
bonding
authority
was
used?
The
money
from
the
was
used?
Have
we
ever
had
anybody
default
in
the
past
that
has
used
this
bonding
authority.
J
Mr
chairman,
so
in
answering
that
question,
I
first
want
to
qualify-
and
I
I
didn't
include
this
in
the
slide
presentation,
but
this
is
in
the
memo
that
you
have
in
your
meeting
materials.
So
wyoming
went
through
a
period
in
the
early
2000s,
where
the
state
was
investing
in
some
of
these
revenue
bonds
by
purchasing
them.
J
If
you
remember
the
slide
way
back,
if
I
can
get
to
it
where
well,
I'm
not
sharing
slides
right
now,
but
in
a
typical
irb
transaction.
The
financing
is
provided
by
a
bond
investor
who
purchases
the
bond
on
the
bond
market,
and
so
the
government
issuer,
whether
it's
the
slip
board
or
whether
it's
converse
county.
J
J
A
A
J
J
Mr
chairman,
I'm
not
that
aware
of
you
know
bonds
that
have
been
issued
on
the
bond
market.
I
don't
have
that
knowledge.
I
will
tell
you,
though,
that
in
researching
this
memo,
I
did
speak
with
the
bond
council.
The
law
firm,
that
advises
the
wyoming
community
development
authority,
and
one
of
the
points
they
made
to
me
is
if
these
industrial
revenue
bonds
are
going
to
be
used
to
finance
projects
and
sold
on
the
bond
market,
the
projects
need
to
be
credit
worthy.
A
A
M
First
of
all,
thank
you
very
much
for
inviting
me
to
come
in
and
talk
about
the
energy
authority
and
our
bonding
capabilities
and
look
forward
to
this
conversation.
If
anybody
has
any
follow-up
questions
after
this
meeting,
please
feel
free
to
contact
me
directly.
It's
a
complex
issue,
a
complex
mechanism,
I'm
a
simple
geologist.
I'm
still
learning
every
day
about
how
these
things
work
as
well,
and
it's
a
there's.
Quite
a
learning
curve,
miss
jim
and
I
will
run
through
a
real,
quick
narrative.
I
did
not
provide
any
powerpoint
slides.
M
It
would
have
been
the
most
uninspiring
powerpoint
presentation
ever
seen.
So
I
just
decided
to
put
some
bullet
points
together,
going
over
the
history
of
the
ea,
some
of
our
day-to-day
activities,
the
capital
resources
we
have
and
the
if
and
the
bonding
authority
that
we
have
as
well.
So
as
many
of
the
members
of
the
committee
be
aware,
the
energy
authority
came
about
through
the
merger
of
two
pre-existing
authorities.
M
So
our
mandate
is
very
broad.
We
exist
to
secure
and
sustain
the
entire
energy
economy
of
wyoming,
which
is
enormous.
It's
the
third
largest
state
energy
economy
in
the
country.
If
it
were
a
country
it'd
be
about
similar
to
that
of
norway,
it's
enormous
as
the
full
sector,
coal,
oil,
gas,
thermal
renewable
uranium,
the
full
value
chain
upstream,
midstream
downstream,
and
everything
in
between
and
the
legislature
also
expanded.
That
mandate
to
include
all
extractives
in
general,
so
trona
rare
earth
elements,
bentonite
gold,
silver
jade.
M
It
also
falls
under
the
energy
authority
nowadays
as
well,
we're
overseen
by
a
12-member
board,
seven
voting
members
and
five
executive,
sorry
ex-official
members.
We
meet
monthly
and
have
an
intervening,
email,
narrative
and
a
quarterly
review.
They
are
very,
very
highly
engaged
individuals
operationally.
We
have
a
small
operating
budget
coming
from
the
general
fund
general
fund
appropriation
that
we're
supplemented
in
part
by
a
state.
M
In
addition
to
that
sorry,
moving
on
to
day
to
day
generally,
our
day-to-day
is
focused
very
much
on
project
policy
and
economic
development,
all
aligned
with
execution
of
our
strategy.
The
energy
strategy
itself
is
a
statutory
obligation
of
the
authority.
We
exist
to
administer,
develop
and
communicate
and
update
the
strategy
and
then
once
we're
in
the
same
time
we're
working
on
our
own
initiatives
to
advance
that
strategy,
as
well
as
collectively
with
our
other
agencies,
as
well
as
private
partners
as
well.
M
M
In
addition
to
that,
we
have.
The
state
energy
program
has
various
smaller
pools
of
capital,
for
example,
the
petroleum
violation
escrow
accounts
in
total.
They
add
up
to
about
five
million
dollars
and
we
have
responsibility
for
those
as
well
the
general
appropriation
capital.
We
use
that
in
a
cost-share
framework
to
try
and
provide
capital
to
cost
share
on
capital
projects,
the
scp
capital
we
typically
use
that
for
contracted
services,
grants
and
efficiency
mandates,
and
things
like
that.
M
We,
the
the
previous
pre-existing
authorities,
infrastructure
and
authority,
and
the
pipeline
authority,
had
their
own
bonding
authority
and
it
was
merged
and
cleaned
up
somewhat.
When
the
energy
authority
came
about.
Excuse
me.
Currently,
we
had
a
cap
of
three
billion
dollars
that
was
with
a
b
three
billion,
and
we
can
we're
allowed
to
deploy
that
in
infrastructure
and
facility
build
out
related
to
the
energy
sector
in
general.
It's
quite
broad.
M
We
can
essentially
support
any
any
steel
in
the
ground
associated
with
energy
development
in
general,
and
also
when
the
legislator
expanded
our
own
mandate
to
include
trona
and
rare
earth
elements.
They
also
extended
the
ability
for
the
bonding
to
be
applied
to
trona
and
rare
earth
elements
as
well.
M
They
are
industrial
revenue,
bonds
or
pass
through
revenue,
bonds
or
conduit
bonds,
as
they
were
previously
described
such
which
is
useful,
particularly
in
development
of
large
energy
infrastructure,
because
these
bonds,
it's
preferred
that
they
are
deployed
onto
infrastructure
that
has
a
low
commodity
risk
because
they're
backed
by
revenue
right.
So
if
one
were
to
consider
a
an
oil
pipeline
versus
a
collection
of
10
oil
wells,
those
oil
wells,
the
revenue
coming
from
them
is
going
to
be
considerably
more
volatile
because
or
invariable,
because
it's
inherently
connected
to
the
price
of
oil.
The
pipeline.
M
On
the
other
hand,
those
contracts
are
typically
very
much
on
a
tariff
basis
or
a
take
or
pay
basis,
so
the
there's
much
less
commodity
risk.
So.
Consequently,
your
revenue
risk
is
much
lower
in
terms
of
repayment
of
the
bond,
so
our
preference
is
to
pursue
infrastructure
projects
that
have,
as
far
a
you
know,
have
as
little
commodity
risk
as
possible
in
order
to
lower
our
risk.
M
The
the
energy
authority
is
set
up
in
such
a
way
that
we
can
issue
the
bond
and
use
the
proceeds
directly,
which
is
a
little
bit
of
an
exception
to
the
example
mentioned
earlier.
We
can
use
our
bonds
directly
ourselves
if
we
were
if
we
wanted
to
build
infrastructure
and
own
it
ourselves,
which
we
are
statutorily
enabled
to
do
so.
We
can
do
that,
but
typically
we
would
want
to
issue
the
bond
and
pass
it
on
to
a
third
party.
M
M
Moving
on
to
the
the
last
point
here,
mr
chairman,
that
I
think
is
going
to
raise,
there's
probably
going
to
be
questions
about
this.
How
much
has
it
been
used?
Well,
these
bonds.
This
authority
has
existed
in
various
forms
since
about
since
the
mid
to
I
think,
2003
or
2004
in
that
time
frame
and
at
that
time
since
then
it's
been
used
twice.
M
The
first
one
was
an
issue
of
about
36
million
dollars
to
establish
a
small
transmission
extension
line
line
extension.
I
think
it
was
basin
electric.
It
was
issued
in
2004,
I
believe,
and
just
paid
off
just
last
year,
and
it
was
very
much
the
classic
sort
of
model
where
the
energy
or
the
infrastructure
authority
at
the
time
issued
the
bond.
I
believe
the
treasurer
invested
in
the
bond
and
the
monies
are
handed
on
to
the
proceeding.
M
M
M
Before
they
commit
to
building
it
typically,
once
they've
made
that
commitment,
then
other
contractors
come
in
on
top
of
that
and
build
out
the
rest
of
the
the
capital
structure.
What
happened
back,
I
think
this
was
in
the
year
around
2010,
or
so
was
the
pipeline
authority
stepped
in.
It
became
the
anchor
investor
on
the
pipeline,
the
builder
the
constructors
developed
that
decided
to
go
forward
with
it.
Other
investors
came
in
and
provided
the
rest
of
the
structure,
the
capital
structure
and
the
pipeline
authority
withdrew.
M
So
it
was
a
very
useful
and
creative
way
to
get
that
piece
of
infrastructure
built.
Okay,
so
and
sure
next
question
will
be:
why
has
it
not
been
used
so
much?
Well,
mr
chairman,
you
kind
of
mentioned
it.
Typically,
a
good
project
with
good
finance
and
good
credit,
at
least
historically
could
get
capital,
particularly
in
the
energy
industry.
M
In
wyoming,
there
was
not
a
massive
hindrance
to
development
of
energy
infrastructure
with
respect
to
capital
availability,
so
a
good
project
would
just
go
out
there
and
get
commercial
money
if
they
actually
ended
up
knocking
on
the
door,
the
pipeline
authority,
the
infrastructure
authority.
The
question
was
always
asked:
why
are
you
here
if
your
project
is
so
good?
Why
are
you
coming
to
this
place?
Okay,
but
things
have
changed,
and
nowadays
it
is
not
as
simple
as
that.
M
M
So
that
is
an
interesting
development
and
there
are
still
many
things
to
do.
I
think
the
joint
minerals,
committee,
joint
minerals
and
economic
development
committee
has
this
issue
also
on
their
your
agenda
to
understand
the
bonding
authority
that
we
have
and
how
to
use
it
better.
Personally,
I
think
it's
a
question
of
expertise
in
marketing.
I
believe
mrs
shippen
mentioned
new
mexico
markets,
their
bonds
for
economic
development.
M
F
M
Mr
chairman,
representative
claussen,
I
think
we
can.
We
certainly
can,
but
with
it
when
you're
trying
to
build
a
three
billion
dollar
pipeline.
As
you
might
imagine,
it's
gonna
that
exemption
or
that
cap
is
going
to
get
exhausted
very
very
quickly
and
also
donna
shippen
was
correct.
They
are.
It
is
quite
constrained
that
that
aspect
of
the
ability
to
access
tax
exemption
and
be
qualified
is
very,
very
limited.
M
F
Mr
merrill,
another
question
so
so
I
realized
that
the
pipeline
authority
only
ever
did
really
one
bond
and
then
that
the
capital
market
stepped
in.
So
simply
by
your
existence,
I
guess
the
nature
of
the
capital
market.
If,
if
there's
giants,
there's
some
similarities
between
the
oil
business
and
the
meat
processing
or
the
processing
side
of
the
livestock
business.
That,
if
giants,
want
to
manipulate
the
capital
market
or.
F
M
I
say
I
believe,
if
you
were
to
frame
that
question,
is
the
the
bonding
authority
provides
an
alternative?
Then
I'd
say
the
answer
is
yes
correct.
We
provide
a
capital
alternative
that
allows
people
who
have
the
best
intentions
to
to
facilitate
a
different
avenue
for
a
different
channel
for
their
their
capital
and
get
things
built.
F
F
As
with
anything,
sometimes
when
it
first
comes
out,
it
wasn't
a
totally
perfect
type
of
thing.
There
were
some
inconsistencies
in
it,
and
I
think
some
of
that
was
brought
about
in
some
of
the
questioning
earlier
inconsistencies
in
the
wyoming
community
development
act
as
it
was
first
done
included.
It
said
wcva
was
both
a
political
subdivision
and
it
also
talked
about
a
state
agency
in
that
and
that
act.
F
F
It
also
said
it
was
unconstitutional
to
use
mineral
severance
tax
monies
or
any
other
state
or
local
tax
money
to
secure
the
wcva
bonds
without
a
vote
said.
Wcda
could
also
not
be
a
political
subdivision,
but
could
be
a
state
agency,
in
which
case
the
bonds
would
then
have
to
be
authorized
by
a
vote
of
the
people,
or
it
could
be
an
instrumentality
of
the
state
akin
to
a
non-profit
organization,
but
not
a
state
agency,
and
then
the
state
cannot
be
liable
for
wcda
bonds
and
the
bonds
can
only
be
payable
from
wcda
activities.
F
F
Bonding
authority,
then,
in
1984
senator
dick
cedar
again
introduced
legislation
to
amend
the
wcd
act.
One
more
time
permit
the
financing
of
economic
development
projects
that
went
on
for
about
four
years
and
in
1988,
senator
jim
coyford
introduced
legislation
to
repeal
the
ability
to
finance
economic
development
projects.
F
F
Wcda
is
run
by
a
board
of
directors,
there's
10
directors.
Seven
of
those
directors
are
appointed
by
the
governor
and
and
with
the
advice
and
consent
of
the
senate.
Their
terms
are
staggered
every
four
years
and
they
can
serve
two
terms
and
no
more
than
75
percent
can
be
from
the
same
political
party.
F
They
re
receive
compensation
for
each
day
that
that
they
perform
their
duties
on
of
the
board.
So
there's
seven
of
those
appointed
by
the
governor,
the
governor,
is
a
member
of
our
board
and
the
state
treasurer
member
of
the
board,
and
then
I
is
the
executive
director,
I'm
an
ex-officio
member
with
no
voting
code.
F
My
position
is
appointed
by
the
board
of
directors
and
serves
at
the
place
for
the
board
on
to
bonding
authority.
I
think
this
is
where
a
lot
of
those
questions
will
come
because
wcva
has
donna
said
it
uses
most
of
the
private
activity
volume
cap
that
the
state
receives
of
approximately
300
million
a
year,
and
she
talked
about
mortgage
revenue
bonds
and
that's
the
the
bonds
that
wcda
issues.
So
we
issue
tax
exempt
bonds
for
the
most
part.
F
F
F
Those
are
allowed
to
be
tax-exempt
bonds,
but
they
are
only
for
wyoming
residents,
so
each
state
has
a
housing
finance
authority
which
wcd
serves
as
the
housing
finance
authority
for
the
state
of
wyoming.
So
each
state
has
their
own
weight
issues
in
the
bonds
and
only
purchase
mortgages
within
the
state
of
wyoming.
K
F
There
was
30
million
that
went
to
student
loans
and
then
the
remainder
of
the
volume
cap
is
in
that
general
pool
and
people
can
apply
for
that.
Since
I've
been
here
right
before
I
came,
I
think
there
was.
There
was
a
few
requests
for
that.
The
two
else
power
plant
was
one
of
them
that
actually
requested
some
of
the
of
the
volume
cap
in
time
and
since
then
I
don't
I'm
not
aware
of
any
there
might
be
one
or
two
projects
that
have
put
in
haven't
haven't
seen
a
whole
lot
of
that.
F
So
after
the
calendar
year
expires.
What
happens
is
then
the
governor?
If
there's
any
unused
volume
cap,
it
go
flows
to
wcda
as
the
only
user
of
the
private
activities
volume
cap
so
far,
and
we
we
have
up
to
two
more
years
to
use
that
those
funds.
So
we
use
the
oldest
volume
cap
first
and
then
we
don't
have
enough
production
in
the
single-family
mortgages
being
a
state
of
550
thousand
50
000
people
to
provide
first-time
home
buyer
loans
to
that
to
325
million
a
year.
F
So
as
she
said
that
will
expire
then,
after
after
a
three
year
period.
What
we've
tried
to
do
too
is
if
that
is
expiring.
After
after
the
additional
two
years,
we
can
actually
convert
that
to
mortgage
credit
certificates,
which
goes
with,
which
can
be
used
with
other
types
of
loans,
but
more
or
less
has
to
be
a
low
income,
moderate
income
type
of
thing,
and
then
it
goes
away
after
that.
O
O
F
Representing
western
wcda
uses
a
rotating
group
of
mortgage
bankers,
we
work
with
bank
of
america
merrill
lynch.
We
work
with
rbc
royal
bank
of
canada,
it's
another
one
of
the
other
writers,
and
then
we
also
work
with
barclays
and
we
rotate
them
on
a
rotating
basis.
They
actually
help
us
to
sell
the
bonds
on
the
open
market.
F
F
The
asset
that
backs
it
that
has
to
pay
those
bonds
back
are
those
mortgages
that
we
that
we
purchase
with
the
proceeds
of
those
costs,
and
so
we
have
to
work
with
that
person
and
the
financial
team
to
make
sure
that
we're
credit-worthy.
We
go
through
both
moody's
and
standard
and
poorest
to
be
rated
on
each
of
those
bond
issues
each
time
and
then,
as
those
payments
go
in,
we
pay
back
the
investors,
whether
they
be
the
retail
or
institutional
investors.
So
it's
widespread.
O
Mr
thank
you
so,
on
average,
how
many
residential
mortgages
are
generated
here?
How
many
people
go
to
their
banks
every
single
year
in
the
state
of
wyoming,
saying
I'd
like
to
buy
a
thing
I'd
like
to
buy
a
house
and
how
many
of
those
qualify
for
these
wcd
allowance,
because
obviously
only
a
certain
percentage
is
going
to
be
lower
income
folks
trying
to
buy
a
house?
F
Mr
chair
representative,
western,
it
will
vary
because
some
years
we've
had
purchases
of
900
loans.
In
some
years,
we've
had
over
2
000
loans
that
wcv
actually
purchases
and
and
provides
with
first-time
homebuyer
mortgages,
though
those
also
that
150
million
that
we
issue
maybe
a
refunding
of
prior
bonds
that
were
outstanding
that
were
at
higher
interest
rate
levels,
so
we've
refinanced
those
to
bring
those
bonds
down
and
pay
them
off.
So
that
may
be
paying
off
some
of
the
old
bonds
that
wcde
had
and
capturing
lower
interest
rates.
F
F
So
we
can
buy
down
the
rates
by
issuing
lower
rate
bonds
at
current
rates
and
paying
off
the
older
older
balls
so
that
that
150
million
currently
on
the
books,
wcva
services,
a
majority
of
the
bond,
the
mortgages
that
we
do
ourselves
and
we
have
about
15
000
loans
that
we
service
within
the
state.
In
the
demographic
that
we're
in
for
for
the
income
levels.
It's
100
percent
of
the
area,
medium
income
and
below
that
that
we
can
service
with
that.
O
F
Mr
chairman
representative,
we
have
three
different
types
of
mortgage
products:
we'll
do
the
bond
loans
that
are
these
that
we're
talking
about
here,
we'll
also
do
secondary
market
loans.
Our
advantage
product
that
we
call
our
advantage
product
are
loans
that
are
sold
and
then
they're
put
into
an
actual
mortgage-backed
security
that
that
is
guaranteed
by
jimmy
may
so
they're
jenny
may
mortgage-backed
security,
they're
sold
to
investors,
some
generally
larger
banks
for
those
investors,
and
so
that's
a
mortgage
backed
security,
and
then
we
do
a
fannie
mae.
L
Representative,
thank
you,
mr
chairman.
Are
your
loans,
competitive
interest-wise
with
local
banks
or
banks
around
the
state
or
how
how
you
guys
high
lower
you're
out,
like
you're,
lower
you're
for
low
income
disadvantage?
Are
your
interest
rates
stand
substantially
lower
or
are
they
just
about
competitive
with
their.
F
Breaks
in
the
state,
mr
chairman,
generally,
we
try
to
stay
very
competitive
with
them
right
now,
we're
probably
at
about
25
base
clip
or
a
quarter
percent
higher,
because
we
haven't
issued
the
tax
exempt
bonds.
So
we
have
an
interest
rate
that
we
have
to
pay
back
and
we
have
to
make.
You
know
at
that
same
time
remain
competitive
with
the
local
banks.
But
we
don't
want
to
force
the
local
banks
out
of
it
either.
F
The
way
that
the
bond
loans
are
originated,
a
person
goes
to
their
local
bank
signs
up
for
a
wcva
loan,
because
that
that
is
for
first-time
homebuyers,
sometimes
lower
income.
Sometimes
they
can
qualify
at
lower
credit
scores.
It's
whoever
insures
that
loan,
whatever
the
credit
scores
they
require,
because
those
loans
are
are
backed
by
fha,
va
and
rd
generally,
the
government
backing.
F
So
they
have
minimum
credit
scores
that
are
required.
So
sometimes
they
qualify
as
a
first
time
home
buyer
and
with
lower
lower
credit
scores,
because
that's
who
guarantees
so
so
we're
able
to
do
those,
but
we
at
at
the
point
of
it
at
some
of
the
high
point
when
bond
interest
rates
were
extremely
low,
we're
probably
half
a
percent
to
a
percent
lower
than
than
what
the
local
banks
would
do
with
it.
But
now
we're
about
a
quarter
higher
just
because
of
bond
interest
rates.
But
we
try
to
remain
very,
very
much
unconfident.
F
Hopefully,
you
sell
that
on
sell
out
on
the
bond
market.
Is
there
an
avenue
that
you
know
of
without
going
directly
to
the
capital
market,
if
somebody
had
like
say
a
10
50,
100
million
200
project
dollar
project,
desserts
and
avenue
similar
years
for
someone
to
go
through
and
do
that?
That's
not
energy
related,
like
energy
that
could
be
outside
yeah.
Chairman
representative,
there
are
sometimes
we
have
done.
F
F
F
Mr
chairman,
representative
warf,
I
tell
you
in
march
of
last
year
I
came
back
from
a
legislative
conference
in
in
dc
and
the
next
day
we
were
supposed
to
price
bonds,
and
it
was
shortly
at
that
it
was
right
at
the
beginning
of
that
we
did
not.
We
were
not
able
to
buy
to
sell
our
bonds
that
day
they
went
on
the
open
market.
F
We
had
orders
of
probably
order
over
30
to
40
million
dollars
worth
of
orders
and
throughout
the
day
that
a
lot
of
those
investors
pulled
their
orders,
and
so
we
did
not
complete
a
bond
sale.
On
that
day,
we
went
back
into
the
market
towards
the
end
of
april,
after
things
had
to
settle
down,
able
to
successfully
sell
our
bonds
at
good
rates,
but
it
was
just
the
timing
and
anything
with
the
market
a
lot
of
time.
F
This
timing-
and
that
was
just
just
didn't
happen-
to
be
the
right
day
and
we
just
pulled
our
our
bond
deal
at
that
time,
but
we're
able
to
complete
it
a
little
over
a
month
later
and
and
then
throughout.
We've
had
two
more
issues
since
then.
So
it's
been
really
the
municipal
market,
and
you
know
some
of
the
questions
came
up
with
the
ability
to
to
make
those
payments,
and
that
and
wcda
has
never
missed
the
payment
on
on
their
bonds
throughout
the
time.
F
Like
I
said,
wcd
is
the
major
issue
of
the
of
the
private
activity
volume
cap
in
the
state,
and
I'm
not
aware
of
any
projects
that
you
know
of
municipal
governments
and
that
that
have
had
problems
with
that
in
wyoming
I
mean
the
big,
the
big
ones
nationally
was
orange
county
and
some
of
those
you
know
back
several
years
ago,
but
thank
you.
Yeah.
F
Sir
and
then
yeah
I'll
finish
up
here
and
I
think
donna
did,
it
did
a
good
thing
on
talk
about
the
qualified
projects
that
can
you
can
use
the
private
activity
volume
gap
for
and,
like
I
said,
all
of
our
our
bonds,
then
are
secured
solely
by
mortgages
that
we
purchased
with
the
proceeds
of
those
blogs
and,
as
of
june
30th.
Last
our
end
of
our
last
year,
wcda
had
funds
funds
outstanding
of
867
million,
and
then
our
mortgage
portfolio
was
over
900
908
million
of
mortgages
on
our
books.
F
We
offer
programs
to
paying
home
ownership,
we
have
a
down
payment
assistance
program
and
also
a
home
buyer
education
program
and
counseling.
We
provide
counseling
through
the
wyoming
housing
network
and
then
partnerships
with
developers
that
we
work
with.
We
have
a
non-profit
and
for-profit
organization
to
do
housing
finance.
We
also
have
federal
programs
that
we
administer.
A
P
E
E
We
want
to
really
add
value
to
what
makes
wyoming
a
great
place
and
the
foundation
that
our
economy
is
based
on,
and
so,
if
you
think
about
it,
we
want
to
be
able
to
add
value
and
develop
programs
that
add
value
to
the
natural
resources
that
we
have
through
extraction
and
energy.
We
also
want
to
be
able
to
add
value
to
tourism
and,
of
course,
agriculture.
E
E
We
have
to
be
able
to
stand
upon
the
shoulders
of
giants
and
those
three
industries
are
giants
in
our
in
our
state
and
so
to
activate
new
things
now,
whether
that
means
expanding
the
value
chain
of
those
finding
new
ways
to
to
extract
you
know
value
from
from
our
natural
resources
or
agriculture,
tourism
or
or
bring
in
new
economic
sectors
into
the
state.
We
want
to
be
able
to
do
that.
E
E
We
do
that
with
35
employees.
We
have
35
employees
and
if
you,
if
you
jump
to
the
next
slide,
you'll
see
our
services
division,
we
have
organized
ourselves
in
a
way
that
allows
us
to
think
about
what
are
the.
What
are
the
various
things
that
communities
and
businesses
across
the
state
need,
and
so
in
our
services
division.
We
have
a
number
of
experts.
E
Now
we
don't
have
10
different
people
in
agriculture,
for
example,
we
have
one,
but
but
she
works
to
activate
and
work
closely
with
partners
across
the
state
in
order
to
make
as
much
to
get
as
much
done
as
possible.
I
think
that's.
A
really
key
thing
to
think
about
with
business
council
is
that
we
don't
have
teams
of
people
doing
you
know
one
particular
thing:
we
have
an
individuals
doing
particular
things
and
they
activate
others
around
the
state
and
they
utilize
that
collaboration
in
order
to
get
their
work
done.
E
We'll
talk
more
about
those
specifically,
but
we
wanted
our
teams
to
not
look
at.
Are
we
doing
business
development,
community
development,
but
really?
Rather,
what
are
the
investment
tools
that
that
communities
need
and
how
do
we
leverage
them
so
that
they're
able
to
to
really
grow
their
own
unique
economies?
I
think,
if
you
think
about
the
99
municipalities
in
wyoming,
they'll
definitely
tell
you
there's
at
least
99
unique
places
and
everybody's
different.
E
Of
course
it
it
requires
a
bit
of
operation;
it
requires
people
to
get
50
things
done,
so
we
have
our
operations
team
and
our
strategy
team.
Now
our
strategy
team
is
relatively
new
in
a
lot
of
ways.
Many
of
you
know
ron
goldberg
up
here
today,
he's
someone
who
works
closely
with
a
number
of
our
partners,
not
just
legislatively,
but
also
in
organizations
around
the
state,
in
order
to
really
help
us
spread
that
strategy,
because
we
know
that
the
state's
economic
development
strategy
is
not
going
to
be
done
by
35
people.
N
So
you
can
see
on
the
screen
there,
my
contact
information,
please
jot
it
down.
I'm
happy
to
answer
questions.
You
know
offline
anytime.
If
they
come
up
on
the
next
slide.
I
just
wanted
to
give
you
a
little
idea
of
some
of
the
things
we've
been
working
on
in
the
last
year.
It's
by
no
means
this
is
what
jill
does
it's
really
more
of
an
overview
of
some
of
the
highlights
that
got
done?
N
That
happened
within
our
state,
even
as
we
were
really
focused
on
covet
relief
in
the
last
year,
the
business
council
definitely
had
a
big
piece
to
play
in
that,
and
so,
while
that
was
happening
with
some
collaboration
through
the
governor's
office
and,
of
course,
the
department
of
ag
that
there
was
meat
and
processing
money
that
went
out
and
the
state
is
now
sitting
with
nine
usda
plants.
So
I
think
we
can
all
see
that
as
a
win,
we've
got
some
recruitment
going
on.
That's
also.
N
An
advantage
of
the
business
council
is
agg
gets
to
take
advantage
of
the
recruitment
manager
on
our
team,
and
so
together
we
worked
and
recruited
an
ag
tech
company
and
again
that's
just
one
example
of
the
companies
that
are
coming
in
the
work
continues
overseas
with
the
international
trade
office
and
had
to
get
a
little
creative
on
getting
samples
to
taiwan
and
virtual
trade
shows.
But
some
wyoming
companies
were
still
able
to
make
that
happen
and
get
their
goods
shipped
overseas.
N
Local
food
through
the
pandemic,
as
you
all
know,
continues
to
grow
and
become
a
big
focus
not
only
in
our
communities,
our
state
but
nationally
as
well,
and
people
really
began
to
value
that
and
we're
trying
to
capitalize
on
that
and
really
take
advantage
of
the
momentum
and
by
leveraging
our
partners
around
the
state
and
building
those
networks,
we're
seeing
some
movement
on
that.
So
that's
been
really
exciting.
N
N
We
just
didn't
filter
the
data
that
way,
so
I
have
some
members
that
I've
processed
through
just
looking
at
names
of
companies,
but
we
don't
have
hard
data
to
give
you
on
that.
But
we
do
know
a
bunch
of
money
went
out
the
door
through
those
other
programs,
as
well
as
the
meat
processing
grant
that
I
mentioned
earlier,
and
then
we
continue
to
work
with
uw
and
actually
the
community
colleges
too,
on
workforce
and
blockchain
and
again
just
really
trying
to
open
markets,
help
people
scale
up
and
put
money
back
in
producers,
pockets.
Okay,.
E
Great
question
on
the
audits:
that's
a
that's
a
critical
piece.
I
think
one
of
the
things
that
you
know
when
we
undertook
these
programs.
One
of
the
things
that
the
legislature
asked
us
to
do
was
act
quickly,
and
so
we
did
have
to
balance
that
acting
quickly
with
doing
the
right
thing
and
making
sure
that
that
money
was
for
wyoming
businesses.
E
We
did
run
into
cases
that
we
stopped
many
different
cases
that
we
actually
stopped
before
funding
that
where
entities
maybe
had
a
had
a
company
listed
here,
but
they
were
not
a
wyoming,
it's
truly
a
wyoming
entity
with
a
wyoming
address
and
and
maybe
had
gone
through.
You
know
maybe
a
business.
You
know
kind
of
like
a
broker
almost
or
or
some
sort
of
entity
here.
What
we
did
is
stopped
many
beforehand
and
then
in
our
audits,
we
have
been
working
closely
to
to
gather
that
money
back.
E
We
have
received
a
lot
of
money
back
in
those
audits.
There
is
still
some
money
outstanding.
We
did
provide
a
letter
to
the
joint
appropriations
committee
and
I
believe
the
lso
on
a
more
detailed
version
of
all
of
those
audits
and
I'd,
be
happy
to
answer
a
specific
question,
either
offline
or
or
in
that
way.
But
yes,
we
did
go
out
and-
and
we
retrieve
a
lot
of
that
money,
we
are
working
also
with
various
entities,
law
enforcement
entities
as
well.
E
As
you
know,
county
attorneys
and
folks
like
that,
to
go
and
get
that
money
as
well.
That's
that
was
a
that's
a
big
challenge,
no
doubt
about
it,
and
it
was
something
that
was
important
for
us,
not
just
because
we
wanted
that
money
to
be
retrieved
and
reutilized
in
other
other
programs
as
you're,
seeing
now
some
of
that
money
that
was
left
over
from
the
carrier's
money.
E
G
D
E
L
E
E
We
still
have
a
few
more,
so
the
answer
is
the
answer:
is
we
will
utilize
the
american
rescue
plan
and
other
federal
funds
as
appropriate
and
to
do
our
work?
We
feel
that
that's
a
funding
mechanism
that
could
be
very
useful
to
stimulate
the
economies
of
wyoming
and
we're
going
to
utilize
them,
as
we
can.
E
Go
ahead:
okay!
Well,
I
guess
we'll
shift
a
little
bit
from
the
kind
of
one-time
karazhan
funds
to
the
ongoing
programs
and
really
the
trend
over
the
past
25
years.
I
guess.
Since
business
council
has
been
in
existence-
and
I
guess
we
can
have
this
in
the
next
subject
clear
this
morning-
but
I
guess
I
at
this
point-
I
have
some
concerns
about
the
trend
and
the
way
that
business
council
is
supporting
agriculture
and
go
through
the
history
part
of
the
information
that
we
asked
for
is
you
know,
I
appreciate
what
you
said
now.
E
I
appreciate
the
improvement,
but
I
guess
I'm
still
concerned
if
you
go
back
at
the
history
where
the
department
of
agriculture
in
the
90s
had
what
four
to
five
employees
who
I
understand
that
were
dedicated
towards
ag
business
development,
they
got
shipped
to
the
business
council
and
I
think,
even
as
recent
five
years
ago,
there's
still
that
agribusiness
division
yeah,
which
was
eviscerated
over
the
past
five
before
your
time
before
it
really
ended
your
times.
So
I'm
not
playing
like
you
know
sure
be
in
fact.
E
I
appreciate
the
effort,
but
I'm
still
concerned
about
the
trend,
and
so
I
guess,
if
you
look
at
what
I
said,
leaving
the
cycle,
one
time
stop
cares
act
so,
for
example,
with
the
usav
processing
plan,
that's
been
great.
It's
also
been
a
result
of
the
haptics
in
the
private
sector
due
to
the
pandemic.
So
what
roles
the
business
council
played
in
increasing
those
number
of
plants
from
usda.
E
Have
you
given
that
it's
just
a
journal
like
have
you
given
any
business
credit
community
loans
to
ag
businesses?
If
so
that'd
be
all
good
information
to
have
perhaps
for
our
next
meeting?
You
know
actual
dollar
figures,
how
much
of
those
loans
and
the
things
that
the
business
council
does
have
gone
to
ag
related
businesses
versus
everything
else,
so
that
just
to
share
my
concern
right
off
the
bat.
E
If
you
have
a
chance
to
answer
it,
you
know
you
know
that'd
be
great
right
now,
but
certainly
of
the
ongoing
discussion
yeah,
mr
chairman,
and
senator
voter,
I'm
going
to
let
jill
talk
a
little
bit
about
the
processing
plans
and
some
of
that
and
what
we've
done
here,
but
also.
I
also
want
to
address
the
sort
of
the
fact
that
you
know
we.
I
think
we
went
from
six
folks
in
the
agribusiness
division
two
to
one
person
and
while
I
I
do
agree
that
mr
gimba
is
is
a
superhuman.
E
E
That
too,
is
a
bit
of
a
challenge
right,
and
you
also
notice
no
one's
there
for
tourism,
so
it
is.
It
is
a
challenge
indeed,
and
I
I'm
sure,
that'll
bring
up
some
other
questions,
but
I
think
what
we,
what
we
realize
is
that
we
are
going
to
have
to
do
more
with
less
and
it's
not
just
in
people.
It's
also
fun
right.
I
think
our
brc
budget
has
been,
has
continually
been
been
reduced
over
the
years
so
which
which
limits
some
of
that
and,
as
as
representative
portner,.
E
We're
trying
to
figure
out
ways
to
leverage
our
folks
like
jill,
to
to
really
help
the
local
communities
and
local
associations
do
more
on
the
ground,
because
we
realize
we
can't
do
that.
I
I
wish
I
knew
a
little
bit
more
about
the
aggregate,
agribusiness
division
and
what
it
was.
What
was
super
you
know
effective
and
what
wasn't
so
that
we
could
take
that.
I
I
just
frankly
don't
know
the
answer
to
that.
E
So,
mr
chairman
yeah
sure
I'm
not
necessarily
looking
at
you
know
the
number
of
employees
you
have
that
are
dedicated
agricultural
feedback
on
the
ground.
Yeah
I
mean
like
concrete
numbers,
would
be
great,
and
I
just
point
out
that
the
energy
industry
has
the
energy
authority.
You
know
tourism,
you
know
our
travel
industry
has
opposite
tourism.
E
There's
that's
part
of
the
discussion
here
and
that's
kind
of
idea
with
the
bag,
the
agriculture
authorities,
there's
no
actual
agency
dedicated
to
supporting
agriculture
and
that's
my
concern
here
we'll
get
into
it
a
little
bit
later
early
in
the
morning,
but
that
we
have
distributed
all
the
support
for
agriculture
over
three
or
four
different
agencies.
And
so
that's
what
we're
that's
what
I'm
I
guess
concerned
about,
hopefully
something
we
can
take
steps
towards
addressing
here
without
growing
government,
but
yeah,
absolutely
not
knowing
that!
That's
what
we're
trying
to
discuss.
E
So
what
so,
like
I
said,
one
idea
was
the
ag
authority,
the
street,
clear
committee.
I
I
understand
we're
probably
not
going
to
move
forward
with
that,
but
we're
just
looking
for
other
ways
to
achieve
similar
goals
and
that's
what
we're
talking
about
so
anyways.
So
so
anyway.
So
I'm
still
concerned,
I
like
to
see
the
the
dollar
figures.
That's
the
effect
on
the
ground.
E
You
know
how
many
grants
they've
given
towards
ag
related
businesses
how's
that
compared
over
the
past
couple
years,
but
yeah
we're
going
to
continue
to
have
that
study.
So
anyways
appreciate
the
work
that
the
you
three
individuals
sitting
here
today
have
died
out
there,
yeah
chairman
and
senator
voter.
Thank
you
we'll
be
happy
to
dig
up
those
statistics
on
you
know
what
it's
been
applied
for,
what
have
been
funded.
A
A
question
I'd
probably
so:
we're
going
to
have
a
new
round
of
funding
the
wyoming
business
announcement
will
be
involved
in
that,
and
I'm
not
sure
anybody
can
answer
this,
but
I'm
curious
we're
researching
how
the
money
can't
be
spent
and
you
utilized
hoping
that
we
can
expand
businesses
and
help
some
people
in
wyoming
if,
along
the
way,
you're
able
to
answer
any
of
the
questions
I
have,
because
I
don't
think
it's
going
to
be
the
same.
As
cares
what
I
understand,
there's
a
whole
different
set
of
rules
they're
not
as
strict
the
care's.
A
Your
spending
was
really
confusing
because
it
seemed
like
the
money
was
to
be
designated
for
those
businesses
hurt
the
most,
and
some
of
those
businesses
were
restaurants
and
hospitality
industry
to
pay
the
money
back
in
it,
for
whatever
reason
they
needed
the
money
to
survive
through
the
through
the
coveted
shutdown
and
then
had
to
pay
it
back
anyway.
That's
what
I
I
understood.
The
whole
thing
I'd
like
to
know
how
this
new
round
of
funding
will
affect
the
business
council
if
you're
able
to
get
that
into
it
and
then
the
other.
The
other
part.
N
Go
ahead,
joe
yeah,
mr
chairman,
I'll,
address
the
meat
processing
issue.
First,
the
way
we
are
involved
with
that
and
support
that
is
in
my
role.
I
get
a
lot
of
phone
calls
from
prospective
business
people
wanting
to
know
how
to
even
get
it
going,
and
so
I
mentioned
earlier
to
some
other
folks.
At
the
end
of
october,
I
had
received
52
calls
last
year
and
I
started
late
march
from
wyoming
people,
individuals
wanting
to
get
into
processing.
N
N
D
A
Concerning
the
policy
changes
that
would
be
necessary
to
advance
agriculture,
I
guess
we
might
be
depending
on
the
business
council,
for
whatever
changes
we
need
in
order
to
to
accomplish
the
vision
we
have
for
agriculture,
and
so
so
be
be
mindful
of
that
of
that
as
we
go
through,
but
it
feels
we
have.
I
appreciate
it
so.
E
Much
thank
you,
mr
chairman,
and
great
questions,
members
of
the
committee.
This
is,
I
think,
that's
a
key
point
that
we
want
to
impress
is
that
we
definitely
see
this
as
collaborative
and,
as
you
mentioned,
how
do
we
help
execute
the
vision
and
how
do
we
all
work
together?
Because
I
think
you
know
the
legislature
has
a
certain
size
and
amount
of
time.
You
can
work
on
things
we
do
too,
but
I
think
together
we
can
make
a
difference.
So
that's
a
big
deal.
E
The
other
program
that
we
have-
that's
that
can
be,
I
think,
can
be
very
successful
now,
with
some
of
the
changes
that
have
been
made
in
last
year's
session
were
are
around
the
large
loan
program
and
and
sir
these
aren't
listed
on
this
slide.
But
but
that's
those
are
some
of
the
elements
that
we
use.
We
also
have
some
access
to
broadband
funds
and
again
that
legislation
has
been
has
been
changed
to
make
it
easier
for
us
to
utilize
and
implement.
L
Question
representative,
thank
you,
mr
chairman.
You
guys
take
federal
funding
of
any
kind.
Your
strengths
are
attached.
How
many,
how
many
provisions
are
taking
place,
make
the
dance
to
making
this
kind
of
money,
because
I
got
a
bill
set,
getting
processed
right
now
that
talks
about
that.
Can
you
tell
me
how
this
works.
E
Mr
chairman
and
representative,
that's
a
that's
a
great
question.
I
think
it
depends
on
the
program
what
what
I
have
the
most
experience
with.
I
think
our
agency
probably
has
the
most
experience
with
the
cares
act.
Funding
and
the
streams
on
that
are
maybe
a
little
less
than
some
others.
We've
had
in
the
past
programs
like
the
energy
program
that
now
belongs
to
the
wyoming
energy
authority.
We
observed
that
to
them,
and
so.
E
So
I
think
the
point
I
see
is
that,
with
any
federal
funding
there
is
an
administrative
cost,
an
administrative
burden
that
is
taken
upon
the
agency
in
order
to
utilize
that
funding
it's
something
that
you
have
to
balance
carefully
right.
Sometimes
the
the
benefit
to
the
state
may
not
be
almost
not
worth
the
administrative
birth,
and
so
it's
something
that's
important
to
us
to
look
at.
E
P
O
K
E
Yes,
mr
chairman
and
representative
fawcett,
so
the
large
loan
program
is
a
program
that
is
it's:
it's
funded
through
the
it's
appropriated
through
the
general
fund.
It's
there's
a
fund,
that's
available
to
us
to
make
loans
directly
to
business
entities
and
through
the
it's
actually
through
the
treasurer's
office,
the
governor's
office
and
us,
and
how
they
can.
Basically,
it
means
that
you
can
do
projects.
E
I
believe,
I'm
not
sure
what
the
upper
limit
is,
but
it's
they
have
to
have
25
percent
collateralized
and
there's
a
one
percent
fee
attached
to
that,
but
that
that
program
there's
only
been
one
large
loan
ever
executed
to
date,
and
that
was
due
to
some
challenges
with
the
way
the
legislation
was
written.
In
order
to
for
the
approval
process,
however,
that's
been
changed
and
that
was
changed
in
2020
sessions,
and
so
now,
as
of
july
1st,
those
come
through
us.
E
F
O
E
Yeah,
just
just
a
a
couple,
quick
notes
on
our
three
levers.
I
think
the
the
cares
act
and
the
work
that
we
did
over
the
course
of
last
year
was
an
example
of
what
we
may
be
doing
in
the
future,
with
the
american
rescue
plan
yeah
and
how
we
might
utilize
those
federal
funds
to
help.
And
mr
chairman,
you
asked
about
whether
those
funds
maybe
had
less
strings
or
or
were
less
tight
about
what
could
be
done
with
them.
E
E
We
see
that
there's
some
opportunities
to
do
that,
but
it's
not
as
clear
that
it
is
it's
not
somewhere
in
the
middle,
let's
say
between
relief
and
full-on
stimulus,
so
we're
still
working
on
the
guidance
there.
The
business
council
is
also
leading
the
charge
from
an
economic
development
standpoint
to
understand
what
communities
and
businesses
need
for
economic
development
and
how
they've
been
impacted
by
the
pandemic.
E
E
I
guess
to
to
just
I
think,
to
leave
everyone
with
with
our
thinking,
and
I
I,
mr
chairman,
you
mentioned
it.
You
know
to
execute
the
vision
of
the
agriculture
committee
is
something
that's.
That's
it's
going
to
take
a
lot
of
effort.
It's
going
to
take
time,
it's
going
to
take
energy.
I
do
think
it's
time
for
us
to
be
big
and
bold,
with
our
vision
and
with
the
execution
of
it.
E
One
of
the
conversations
we
had
earlier
this
morning
was
about
the
idea
of
having
a
vision
and
and
wanting
to
get
there
really
really
quickly
and
saying:
oh
gosh,
we're
not
there
yet,
so
we
must
be
failing,
and
I
guess
the
way
we're
looking
at
it
at
the
business
council,
for
not
just
agriculture,
but
also
the
entire
economy
is,
is
how
do
we
see
that
vision
out
there,
but
then
realizing
it's
a
complex
problem.
Take
that
next
step
then
assess
the
situation.
Take
another
step,
assess
the
situation
and
continue
along
realizing.
E
It
may
not
be
a
complete
straight
shot,
but
it's
something
that
we're
going
to
take
small
bites
of
and
keep
working
towards.
I
think
that's
likely
how
the
business
council
will
help
the
most
is
just
understanding
that
it's
a
complex
problem
and
not
not
one
shot
and
one
silver
bullet,
that's
gonna,
make
it
happen.
P
F
A
maybe
a
vision
or
if
there's
been
conversation
for
the
future,
but
we
realized
that
we
had
a
crisis
last
year
during
the
philippine
thing,
with
the
mean
processing-
and
that's
where
we
put
so
much
emphasis.
I'd
say
in
this
committee
saw
the
entire
collapse:
the
large
commercial,
basically
processing
we
had
shortages
in
grocery
stores.
We
had
hogs,
especially
backing
up
back
east
and
that'd,
be
utilized.
I
mean
we
had
a
major
major
problem
that
was
exposed.
F
Doesn't
matter
how
much
we
market,
if
we
can't
get
our
product
out,
and
that
seemed
to
be
something
that
really
was
huge
and
immediate
last
year,
and
I
think
it's
still
huge
today,
the
profiteering
or
the
economics
that
they
go
on
to
the
state
of
wyoming
right
now,
because
of
that
we
have
about.
I
know
if
you
look
at
the
usda
statistics,
1.32
million,
if
you
round
that
down
to
a
million
head
of
cattle
last
week,
the
profiteering
from
the
from
the
processing
sector
was
roughly
700
750
dollars
ahead.
F
F
F
There's
still
a
lot
of
room
in
our
in
our
bonding
caps
for
tax
exempt
is
there's
conversations
or
do
you
guys
have
the
ability
to
do
that
now
because
it
seems
like
it
seems
like
there's
a
gap
there
in
that
large
financing
for
not
just
ag
the
ag
sector,
but
in
all
in
the
entire
business
sector.
There's
the
energy
portion
by
the
authority
there's
low-income
real
estate
that
wcea
has,
but
in
business
in
general.
Do
you
see
that?
Has
that
been
part
of
the
conversation?
Or
am
I
getting
way
out
of
head.
E
E
A
Yeah
any
comment
I
would
comment.
This
would
be
probably
a
good
time.
You're
you're
finished
with
your
presentation.
Yes,
sir,
if
there
are
any
questions
or
comments,
we're
happy
to
stand
for
that
looks
like
no
questions
but
you'll
be
around
for
a
bit,
so
we
may
have
have
some
of
this
and
we'll
be
available.
Mr
chairman,
thank
you.
Q
A
A
A
H
J
Now
go
ahead,
okay,
all
right!
Thank
you,
mr
chairman.
There
were
several
questions
that
were
asked
at
the
end
of
my
presentation
and
I
reached
out
to
the
bond
council
that
wcda
uses
for
their
mortgage
revenue
bonds.
They
also
do
industrial
revenue
bonds,
and
I
got
some
answers
for
you.
So
the
first
question
was:
could
industrial
revenue
bonds
be
used
as
matching
funds
for
the
new
wyoming
meat
processing
expansion
grant
program?
J
J
Can
you
do
that
the
internal
revenue
code
does
limit
the
total
cost
of
the
project
to
20
million
dollars,
so
you
could
use
a
10
million
dollar
tax
exempt
bond
to
finance
a
project
like
a
meat
packing
plant
and
you
could
use
up
to
another
10
million
dollars
in
taxable
bonds
to
finance
the
project,
but
the
total
cost
of
the
project
could
only
be
20
million
dollars.
So
I
hope
that
answered
your
questions.
L
J
J
E
E
That
makes
that
clear
and
also
put
some
sideboards
on,
for
example,
make
sure
that
it
is,
you
know,
used
within
the
state
of
wyoming,
make
sure
that
you,
a
big
multinational
novel,
can't
come
in
and
leverage
that
for,
for
example,
I
think
there's
good
side
boards.
We
can
put
on
that
capacity
at
the
state
level
recognize
that
there
is
snipped
around
capacity
for
those
tax-free
bonds.
So
that
would
be,
as
we
think,
about
a
path
forward.
I
think
that'd
be
at
least
one
option.
E
We
want
for
bell
draft
at
our
second
committee
meeting
is
and
there's
even
that,
there's
a
similar
piece
of
legislation
from
2011
that
did
something
similar
for
energy
related
projects.
It
could
be
as
simple
as
modifying
the
definition
specifying
specifically
as
delayed
facilities
are
allowed
under
irbs
and
setting
up
what
parameters
we
want
to
make
sure
it's
spent
correctly.
So,
mr
chairman,
I
guess
I'll
make
a
motion
that
they
get
they'll
draft
going
for
the
second
training
meeting.
E
A
E
E
In
fact
it
is,
I
mean
we
have
that
150
million
dollars
it
has
just
sitting
there
that
we're
not
using
as
a
state,
so
all
it
would
be
doing
is
pointing
you
know,
drawing
attention
to
it
and
setting
up
how
we
want
ag
relay
development
to
happen
under
that
terms,
authority.
So
yeah
we're
leveraging
what
we
already
have.
Instead
of.
A
A
B
B
N
N
N
B
N
N
S
T
T
T
H
T
H
T
T
T
H
A
All
right
well
well
he's
explaining
that
we
have
a
little
difference
in
procedure
here,
we're
not
going
to
be
picked
up
on
on
youtube
or
amongst
us
any
other
way
than
talking
into
the
mic.
So
so,
when
you
talk
push
the
button
have
a
green
light
like
I
tried
to
do
the
first
time
he's
fixing
that
one,
but
we'll
we'll
share
the
mics
as
need
be,
but
so
that'll
be
the
main
difference.
E
Neglected
to
mention
during
the
housekeeping
that-
and
my
co-chairman
covered
pretty
well,
you
know
the
chairman:
don't
have
to
be
the
only
ones
to
come
up
with
bill
draft
ideas.
We're
here
to
hear
from
you.
You
know,
if
you
have
any
ideas
for
legislation,
definitely
want
to
hear
them,
and
frankly
I
get
a
little
nervous
if
I'm,
the
only
one
making
field
draft
recommendations.
So
by
all
means
you
know
the
more
the
merrier,
maybe
our
lsl
staff
disagrees,
but
I
just
wanted
to
go.
E
You
know,
throw
that
out
there
and
put
a
less
than
five
point
on
it.
Also.
I
think
the
default
assumptions
that
we're
making
a
bill
draft
for
the
next
budget
session
in
2022,
but
we
also
have
a
potential
for
a
special
session
coming
up
in
july.
So
if
you
want
to
make
a
bill
draft
that
we
consider
as
a
committee
for
that
july,
special
session
dealing
with
arp
funds,
you
can
make
that
motion
as
well.
E
If
you
want
it's
on
the
table
so
and
then,
of
course,
we'd
have
to
have
a
follow-up
quick
meeting
as
we
came
to
cheyenne
in
july
to
vote.
Ultimately,
whether
we
approve
or
disapprove
it
as
a
committee,
so
that's
a
very
fluid
situation
at
this
point,
I'm
not
sure
if
we're
100
sure,
if
we're
even
going
to
have
a
special
session,
though
it's
looking
likely
so
just
thought,
I'd
throw
that
out
there
for
the
committee's
consideration
as
we
move
forward.
A
P
P
I
think
the
information
that
the
committee
is
looking
for
if,
at
any
time
you
run
into
any
questions
that
you
have
about
anything
that
I
go
over,
please
let
me
know
and
I'll
try
to
clarify
as
best
I
can
so
you
can
see
the
presentation
is
up,
but
if
I
could
just
skip
over
to
the
wda
overview
slide.
The
rest
of
these
are
statistics
on
wyoming
agriculture
generally.
P
P
We
try
to
focus
a
lot
on
customer
service
and
education
program
management
is
obviously
important.
We
do
have
a
lot
of
agreements
with
federal
government
and
so
program
management
becomes
important
in
our
regulatory
functions.
We
always
try
to
focus
on
education
first
and
try
to
educate
our
way
into
compliance
with
generally
the
federal
reserve.
P
P
So
next
slide,
please,
okay!
This
is
our
analytical
services
lab
this.
Does
I
don't
know
how
many
of
you
know
this,
but
the
department
of
agriculture
employs
the
wyoming
state
chemist,
and
so
we
have
a
lab
facility
over
there
at
laramie.
That's
upstairs
from
the
vet
lab
it's
part
of
the
university
of
wyoming
campus,
but
generally
what
this,
what
this
lab
is
used
for
is
to
analyze
the
samples
that
we
take
from
our
regulatory
program,
so
dairy
products,
meat
products,
the
other
food
products
that
we
that
we
have
regulatory
control
over.
P
That's
where
all
of
the
sampling
for
truth
and
labeling
comes
to
fruition.
So
if
you
have
a
product
on
the
grocery
store
and
it
and
it
claims
its
ingredients
and
its
proportion
of
those
ingredients,
if
we
get
any
complaints
about
food
items
in
the
state,
that's
where
those
go
to
be
verified,
so
we're
checking
for
label
compliance
and
we're
also
checking
for
potentially
hazardous
substances
in
dairy
products
that
we
have
oversight
over.
P
So
our
technicians
in
the
field
go
and
get
those
samples
and
then
they'll
submit
those
to
the
to
the
analytical
services
lab
and
they're
the
ones
that
will
conduct
the
tests
on
those
on
those
samples
that
we
submit.
Many
of
you
remember,
one
of
the
most
recent
charges
of
the
analytical
services
lab
was
to
also
test
a
lot
of
hemp
products,
so
the
passage
of
that
bill
and
our
launching
of
our
industrial
hemp
program.
P
We
also
do
a
lot
of
service
type
sampling
at
the
services
lab.
If
you
want
baseline
water
quality
samples
for
a
well
that
you
drilled,
we
can.
We
can
test
that
for
different
constituents
for
water
quality.
We
do
that
on
behalf
of
city
and
county
governments
as
well,
some
industry
and
private
sector
contributions
to
our
sample
logs.
P
But,
generally
speaking,
the
main
function
of
that
lab
is
to
integrate
the
inspectors
that
we
have
in
the
field
and
to
provide
the
necessary
backup,
federal
requirements
for
us
to
maintain
delegated
authority
for
these
programs.
There's
a
certain
amount
of
testing
that
we
have
to
do
to
verify
compliance
of
our
state
program
with
the
federal
regulations,
and
so
you
can
see
here
usda
meat
waters,
swabs
from
the
different
meat
plants.
P
P
We
also
test
a
lot
of
pesticides
and
we
test
pesticides
in
the
same
way,
generally
that
we
do
food
and
other
products
make
sure
we
have
label
compliance.
Concentrations
are
correct.
Anybody
has
a
complaint
about
a
pesticide,
that's
being
sold
in
the
state
of
wyoming
and
they're
wondering
what's
in
it,
we'll
run
the
analysis
on
those
on
those
products
that
are
submitted
to
the
left.
P
We
obviously
look
at
animal
feed,
so
you'll
have
claims
of
supplements,
sometimes
percentages
of
protein
so
forth
that
people
may
doubt,
and
they
can
submit
those
samples
to
our
lab,
and
we
can
verify
whether
or
not
that
feed
product
is
in
compliance
with
this
label
test
fertilizers.
In
the
same
way,.
P
P
P
Now,
all
of
the
requirements
that
are
in
the
state
inspected
plans
are
not
are
not
exactly
the
same
as
federal
so
there's
a
phrase.
That's
used
a
lot
it's
same
as
or
equal
to,
so
for
a
for
a
processing
plant
to
become
licensed
by
the
state.
We
have
to
ensure
that
its
safety
parameters
are
equal
to
those
of
the
federal
government,
but
they
don't
have
to
be
the
same
as
so
to
be
a
usda
plant.
P
P
So
the
only
way
that
you
could
legally
take
meat
into
commerce
into
the
marketplace
is
either
through
one
of
two
different
pathways.
One
would
be
state
inspection,
the
other
one
would
be
federal
and
if
you
can't
get
a
federal
inspector
on
site,
the
next
best
thing
is:
let's
become
a
state
inspected
facility
and
that's
generally
how
our
program
came
was
to
fill
a
gap
that
was
needed
in
the
processing
world.
Some
of
those
plants
prefer
to
undergo
state
inspection.
P
Today,
when
I'm
asked,
if
somebody
is
launching
a
plant
from
the
ground
up
generally,
they
will
have
more
opportunity
if
they
become
a
federal
plant
and
we
will
lay
out
the
differences
for
prospective
plant
operators
as
to
what
those
differences
are
and
what
it
means
for
their
operation.
And
then
they
can
make
an
informed
decision
about
where
they
would
like
to
take
their
product.
Because
really
that's
the
resulting
answer
to
the
equation
is:
do
you
want
to
be
able
to
sell
that
product
either
interstate
or
internationally?
And
if.
P
Mr
chairman,
I
I
think
it
would
be
fair
for
me
to
say
we
don't
have
the
number
of
inspectors
on
the
state
side
of
our
program.
That
makes
reason
that
I
say
that
is.
We
have
to
have
a
state
inspector
in
that
plant
every
day
that
they're
doing
slaughter,
they
have
to
be
there
for
every
slaughter,
every
slaughter
event
each
head
of
cattle
have
to
be
inspected
for
humane
handling
and
slaughter
provisions.
P
So
that's
state
inspection
generally,
where
that
leaves
us
as
a
department
is
sometimes
if
we
have
an
employee
that
is
ill.
We
have
to
scramble
to
get
another
certified
wheat
inspector
to
a
plant.
That
may
be
several
counties
away.
We
have
them
distributed
fairly
well,
so
right
now
we're
able
to
handle
that
and
because
people
have
been
going
more
towards
the
federal
side
than
they
have
the
state
inspected
side.
We've
been
able
to
manage
that
demand
fair
well
on
the
state
side.
P
Do
we
have
enough
federal
inspectors?
I
think
we're
going
to
run
into
some
issues
there,
because
every
state
in
the
union
is
taking
an
exceptional
interest
in
meat
processing.
We're
not
the
only
state
that
is
that
is
looking
at
this
trend
of
wanting
to
decentralize
meat
processing
within
their
own
states,
and
I
think
that
there's
a
likelihood
that
there
will
be
a
much
higher
demand
for
federal
inspectors
than
there
has
been
surpassed.
P
P
I
would
like
for
those
operators
to
be
able
to
use
us
as
backup
to
where
we
can
get
them
up
and
going,
and
I
can
use
some
examples
for
you:
307
meets
when
it
launched.
It
was
always
seeking
federal
inspection,
and
that
was
their
goal,
but
there
was
a
time
after
they
were
ready
to
launch
that
the
federal
government
didn't
have
an
inspector
for
them
and
we
did
provide
this
gap
inspection.
It
wasn't
very
long.
It
was
just
a
matter
of
months,
but
we
were
the
only.
P
A
P
Our
our
processing
plans-
yes,
mr
chairman,
that
was
a
thought
that
we
had
as
a
department
was
to
explore
the
potential
of
using
any
of
those
federal
funds
to
hire
additional
inspectors,
but
because
of
the
nature
of
the
funding
being
one
time
and
no
way
to
really
carry
that
that
funding
forward
and
given
the
original
expiration
date
of
the
cares
act.
Funding
we
didn't
pursue,
hiring
hiring
any
employees.
P
If
we
could
skip
now
to
the
consumer
health
services
slide
there,
we
go
okay.
This
is
this
is
the
division
that
houses
the
meat
inspectors,
and
so
that's
what
they're
looking
for
generally
is
ensuring
the
safety
of
the
food
supply
and
they
inspect
licensed
food
establishments
and
they
inspect
meat
plants.
P
So
our
inspectors
conduct
food
safety,
education
and
inspections
for
all
areas
of
the
state,
but
we
do
have
a
provision
that
allows
like
a
county
health
department
to
receive
delegated
authority
from
us,
and
if
they
want
to
operate
their
own
food
safety
system
within
their
counties,
then
they
can
do
that.
You
can
see.
I
have
an
example.
These
are
the
ones
that
currently
operate
at
accounting
level
and
they
do
so
in
cooperation
with
us.
P
P
E
E
And
I'll
now
follow
up
totally
different
one,
but
when
you
look
at
all
the
you
know,
laundry
lists,
I
guess
maybe
I'm
a
little
bit
one
slide
ahead
of
you,
but
you
only
have
to
meet
and
restaurant
inspectors.
It's
my
understanding
that
those
are
sort
of
the
same
people
and
I'll
do
a
little
bit
more
exactly.
P
P
If
you
have
a
dairy
in
your
region,
then
certified
dairy
instead,
obviously
meat
plants
and
general
food
safety
and
what
that
boils
down
to
basically
is
there's
a
phrase
called
hazard,
analysis,
critical
control
point
and
so
that
mechanism
is
used
in
plants.
It's
also
used
in
restaurants.
It's
used
in
hospital
cafeterias
and
it's
used
in
our
manufactured
food
facilities,
and
so
one
of
the
common
one
of
the
common
products
for
manufacturing
foods
in
the
state
of
wyoming.
P
E
This
chairman
of
that
list,
I
guess
it
could
be
helpful
for
me
to
know
which
people
do
the
same
ones.
I
think
I
understand
the
meat
and
the
restaurants
are
done
by
the
same
people,
and
but
I
don't
know
the
same
people,
do
the
meat
inspections,
the
same
people
who
do
the
full
inspections
or
is
it
all
they
does
everybody
do
everything
or
is
it.
P
P
Take
some
training
and
a
process.
Restaurants
are
one
step
down
for
me,
plants
of
my
destination,
most
of
them
do
at
least
meat
plants
and
restaurants,
and
then
we
have
several
of
them.
Obviously
that
be
pools
that
may
go
into
other
areas
like
I
said
there
may
be
an
inspector
whose
time
is
generally
taken
up
by
meat
inspection.
P
If
they're
slaughtering
three
days
a
week,
then
they're
committed
on
those
days
and
if
they're
processing
on
the
other
two
days
of
the
week,
that
doesn't
leave
them
a
lot
of
time
to
go
out
and
do
so.
We
do
have
some
that
tend
to
key
more
in
on
one
specialty
versus
the
other,
but
most
of
them
do
at
least
feed
inspection.
P
Okay,
natural
resources:
this
is
kind
of
the
policy
side
of
the
department
of
agriculture
and
what
these
folks
do
is
they
look
at
the
federal
register
every
day
and
they
scan
that
list
of
federal
actions
that
are
forthcoming,
so
they're.
Looking
for
allotment
management
plans,
forest
plans
that
type
of
federal
policy.
It
tends
to
focus
mostly
on
federal
land
management
type
of
issues,
and
they
provide
comments
on
behalf
of
topics
such
as
wild
horse
gathers
or
anything
related
to
natural
resource
type
of
management.
P
P
Okay,
this
is
our
mediation
program
and
we
have
a
lot
of
examples
of
how
this
program
is
used,
but
one
of
one
that
may
resonate
here
with
this
committee
or
that
if
we
have
permittees
as
an
example
that
don't
agree
with
the
decision
by
foreign,
they
have
a
neighbor
dispute
and
they
don't
necessarily
want
to
go
all
the
way
through
some
adjudication
process
in
the
courts.
We
can
try
to
help
them
solve
that
issue
through
a
consensus
building
process.
P
P
P
P
And
assistance
to
conservation
next
slide:
okay,
our
technical
services
division.
This
is
weights
and
measures.
Generally
speaking,
it
also
is
a
consumer
protection
program,
anything
that
is
sold
by
mass
or
volume
we're
the
ones
that
make
sure
that
a
pound
equals
a
pound
and
a
gallon
equals
a
gallon.
So
we
have
scale
trucks
that
go
out
and
certify
all
of
our
livestock
scales.
All
of
our
roadside
port
of
entry
scales,
we
certify
gas
pumps
to
make
sure
that
when
you
pay
for
a
gallon
of
gas,
you
get
a
gallon
dance.
P
That's
the
type
of
work
that
the
weights
and
measures
division
department
does
also
supports
the
plant
industry,
programs
and
pesticides
again
for
consumer
protection.
When
you
buy
seeds
or
when
you
buy
plant
materials,
we
want
to
make
sure
that
what
you're
paying
for
is
what
you're
getting.
So
we
do
a
lot
of
work
in
the
nursery
stock
realm
and
you
might
see
our
inspectors
at
lowe's
people
looking
at
ornamental
plants.
What
they're
checking
for
is
to
make
sure
there
isn't
any
noxious
invasive
weeds.
P
Obviously
not,
but
we
do
go
out
and
look
for
it
next
slide,
please,
okay,
so
who
are
our?
Who
are
our
customers
and
technical
services
generally
looking
at
wheat
and
pest
districts
you're?
Also
looking
at
predator
boards
at
the
county,
we're
the
ones
that
provide
some
technical
support
and
pass-through
funding
for
both
both
of
those
locally.
P
Next
slide,
please
we'll
get
into
a
little
bit
more
of
technical
services
in
the
predator
management
realm
tomorrow,
but,
generally
speaking,
this
is
where
our
predator
coordinator
resides
is
within
the
technical
services.
Division
of
the
department
of
ag
will
issue
aerial
hunting
permits
for
those
folks,
and
we
also
license
a
lot
of
the
a
lot
of
the
entities
that
self-esteem.
P
P
P
P
So
we
don't.
We
don't
go
out
and
do
any
of
the
enforcement
of
pesticide
violations
at
all,
but
we
do
certify
people
to
go
out
and
apply
restricted
use
chemicals.
So
if
somebody
goes
out
and
they
apply
a
restricted
use
chemical
and
they
do
it
in
a
way-
that's
not
compliant
with
the
label
really
are
our.
H
P
Next
slide,
please,
within
the
plant
industry,
you
can
see
the
list
here
of
the
products
that
that
we
test
and
keep
tabs
on.
Generally
speaking,
we
want
to
make
sure
seeds
are
viable
and
the
third,
the
seeds
that
that
the
companies
are
saying
that
that's
in
the
bag
and
that
it
will
germinate
according
to
what
it
says.
It
will
nursery
stock
same
type
of
thing,
but
you
can
see
there's
a
there's
a
list
here
and
it
goes
all
the
way
down
to
dog
food,
any
kind
of
animal
feeds
at
all.
P
P
Next
slide,
please
here
is
a
list
of
all
of
the
all
of
the
programs
that
that
we
operate
in
relation
to
our
rodent,
predator
programs,
and
so
we
do
have
a
little
bit
of
money
for
rabies
management.
Just
like
we
do
training
for
m44s
and
grant
assistance
to
our
county
districts,
and
that's
that's.
The
biggest
chunk
of
our
predator
is
the
money
that
goes
through
our
animal
damage.
P
P
P
P
Next
slide,
I
believe,
we've
already
been
through
this
again
is:
is
weights
and
measures
so
that
one
is
fairly
straightforward,
but
I
think
a
lot
of
people
don't
realize
how
how
in-depth
that
is.
So
every
one
of
those
grocery
store
scanners
that
also
weighs
we
certify
all
of
those.
We
make
sure
that
the
scanners
are
reading
correctly.
P
All
of
the
compliance
with
any
of
those
devices
fall
under
the
all
under
the
jurisdiction
of
the
department
of
ag,
and
so,
if
you
go
to
a
grocery
store
or
walmart,
whatever
the
case
may
be,
you'll
see
a
sticker.
That's
on
that!
That's
on
that
instrument
that
indicates
that
we've
taken
a
look
at
that
scale
and
made
sure
it's
operating
correctly
next
slide.
P
S
P
Mr
chairman
representative,
we
have
we
have
several
programs
that
we
do
have
cooperative
agreements
that
supply
federal
funding
in
support
of
our
of
our
state
program.
So
the
main
one
that
we've
been
talking
a
lot
about
is
is
the
meetings
we
do
get
some
cost-share
funds
from
the
federal
government
to
help
support
our
inspectors,
but
it's
less
than
half
in
in
just
that
one
division
and
largely
speaking
on
the
broader
context
of
the
department
of
agriculture.
P
Most
of
our
funding
comes
from
the
legislature
and
the
general
fund
appropriations
state.
So
when
we've
had
federal
shutdowns
that
have
become
some
commonplace
would
be
too
strong
a
word,
but
we've
had
more
than
what
we
have
experienced
prior
to
that
we've
had
last
five
years.
Some
of
them
haven't
had
very
much
impact
from
that
at
all.
P
A
S
S
So
briefly,
we
don't
have
a
powerpoint
division.
So,
mr
chairman,
all
you
got
from
us
was
a
quick
little
organizational
chart
based
on
on
two
reasons:
one.
We
wanted
to
show
you
how
we've
streamlined
the
agency
over
the
last
few
years
and
in
the
way
our
org
chart
has
has
consolidated
and
we'll
continue
to
do
so.
We
have
some
vacancies
that
we're
working
on
right
now
and
we
intend
to
not
only
streamline
reporting
lines
but
also
work
within
that
efficiency
study.
S
S
S
This
agency
was
was
originally
put
together
in
1933
and
and
the
importance
that
we
see
of
the
board
in
the
hierarchy
or
in
the
organizational
chart
is
this
board,
has
a
higher
realm
of
policy
power
than
many
boards
in
the
state.
Do
based
on
historical
note,
from
the
legislatures
of
those
times
that
the
decisions
about
regulating
the
industries
and
enforcing
those
regulations
of
the
livestock
industry
should
come
from
the
producers
themselves.
S
So
our
board
are
producer
members
appointed
by
the
governor,
and
then
they
carry
the
policy
making
authority
for
our
organization.
We,
of
course,
are
a
regulatory
agency.
That
is
our
role
and
we
regulate
based
on
the
statutes
written
by
your
branch
of
government,
and
we
also
this.
This
board
develops
and
promulgates
the
rules
and
regulations
that
apply
with
those
or
that
work
with
other
avenues
of
things
we
have
to
regulate,
so
that
that's
my
quick
history
lesson.
S
Mr
chairman,
I
would
note
that
the
board's
powers
also
are
delineated
in
statute
in
our
title,
11
chapter
18.,
you
know
not
to
just
go
into
the
building
a
little
bit
of
the
agency
for
those
of
you
that
are
new
to
the
committee
or
new
to
the
legislature
or
haven't
met
with
me.
We
are
pretty
streamlined.
We
are
there
to
to
regulate
and
enforce
and
protect
the
livestock
industry
from
theft
and
disease,
and
we
do
that
through
the
use
of
four
units.
S
We
have
an
admin
in
it,
as
director
miyamoto
just
explained
to
you
with
ag.
We
are
there
to
support
everyone
else
in
the
agency
and
do
the
personnel
fiscal
budget
all
of
those
type
of
activities.
Then
we
go
into
three
other
full-time
units.
The
agency
has
about
113,
full-time
employees
or
positions
right
now,
we're
sure
we're
hunting
some
brand
inspectors.
S
So
I
may
come
to
some
of
you
after
the
meeting
in
certain
areas
to
see
if
you
have
somebody
that
you
might
recommend,
but
our
first
unit
there
is
admin
second
unit
would
be
animal
health.
That
is
the
state
veterinarian.
Who
would
be
my
counterpart,
also
appointed
by
the
board,
has
domain
over
the
animal
health
unit,
and
in
that
unit
he
has
control
or
regulation
over
all
import
requirements,
I'll
import
regulations,
the
responsibility
for
reportable
disease
surveillance
and
trace
back.
S
There
are
actually
five
now
because
one
of
our
the
law
enforcement
unit
is
housed
under
that
division.
One
of
those
one
of
those
folks
is
paid
for
through
the
brand
inspection
division.
So
there's
a
little
blend
of
fundings
there,
but
there
are
the
three
veterinarians
to
two
animal
techs
that
handle
all
the
import
paperwork
and
calls
as
they
come
through,
and
two
law
enforcement
officers
in
animal
health
unit.
S
There's
also
one
full-time
employee
in
the
riverton
office,
paid
through
the
small
brucellosis
grant
we
get
from
the
usda
for
our
brucellosis
enforcement
up
in
that
state
or
that
part
of
the
state
that
would
be
animal
health
and,
mr
chairman,
if
there's
any
questions
at
any
time,
feel
free
to
wave
at
me,
okay
and
then
our
next.
Our
next
two
units
are
are
really
well.
We
we
separate
law
enforcement
in
our
book
in
our
in
our
sub
budget
book,
so
that
would
be
number
three
number.
Four
is
brand
recording
inspection.
S
That
is
the
base
of
what
our
our
agency
runs
on.
We
have
96
positions
for
brand
inspectors
in
the
state
of
wyoming.
We
have
a
recording
staff
of
six
we're
also
doing
some
transition
there.
Just
a
little
bit
of
of
information
for
for
members,
we
have
about
27
000,
current
brands
legally
recorded
in
the
state.
S
So
I
can
save
a
lot
of
information
on
that
for
the
update
in
the
second
part
of
our
presentation
today.
So
in
our
brand
inspectors,
who
are
the
third
party
neutral
identifiers
of
the
ownership
livestock
in
the
state
of
wyoming,
and
they
they
do
do
something
that
that's
probably
different
than
a
lot
of
folks.
Look
at
it.
S
If,
if
I'm
a
brand
inspector-
and
I
come
to
chairman
boner's
place
to
look
at
cattle,
I'm
not
working
for
chairman
boner
that
day,
I'm
working
for
the
other
producers
in
the
area
and
the
ability
to
identify
livestock-
and
that's
that's
a
message
we
like
to
send
so
that
people
understand
what
those
folks
are
actually
there
to
do.
I
will
offer
one
little
piece
of
from
my
update
today.
S
We
sent
about
1100
headed
livestock
home
to
the
rightful
owners
this
past
year
for
an
average
market
value
of
1.4
million
dollars
through
brand
inspection
and
through
law
enforcement.
That's
a
that's
a
little
a
little
more
quantifiable
system
and
in
our
new
computer
system,
we're
gaining
for
progressing
each
year
in
our
ability
to
reach
out
and
grab
that
number
and
and
be
able
to
supply
that
to
your
agents
or
to
your
group.
S
U
Mr
chairman,
members
of
the
committee,
I
I
appreciate
the
chance
to
be
here
and
the
company
our
director
for
this
update,
I
think,
from
the
from
the
board
standpoint.
Our
job
is
to
promulgate
the
rules
that
the
department
operates
on,
but
also
that
we
we're
probably
maybe
a
little
more
approachable
as
some
of
the
issues
in
the
country
and
and
bring
those
to
the
board
and
direct
the
direct
questions
and
that
to
the
board.
G
S
Mr
chairman,
representative
warf,
thank
you
for
the
question.
That's
going
to
be
one
of
the
main
points
of
my
update,
but
we
can
just
do
it
right
now,
a
few
years
ago,
as
you
as
you
reiterate,
our
law
enforcement
group
was
cut
extremely
last
year.
We
came
last
session,
not
this
session
session.
Prior
we
came
to
the
to
jac,
with
an
exception
request
to
add
an
investigator.
We
only
had
one
at
that
point
in
time.
S
The
one
I
had
previous
burned
out
in
a
hurry
trying
to
cover
the
state
of
wyoming
joint
appropriation
said
sure
you
can
have
the
position,
but
you
have
to
pay
for
it.
So
we
went.
I
came
to
the
to
our
board.
Then
we
came
to
our
industry
groups
and
consensus
was
yes.
We
would
pay
for
that
from
brand
inspection
fees,
so
we
have
two
their
main
goal.
Due
to
legislation
that
came
from
a
prior
committee.
S
S
So
on
that
mou,
for
example,
we
may
have
a
and
it's
all
predicated
on
a
caseload
or
reports
from
our
two
investigators,
so
we
may
have
a
a
region
we'll
we'll
just
pick
one
we'll
say
lincoln
county,
where
we
have
an
active
mou
where
they're
worried
about.
We
have
a
unusual
number
of
missing
cases
or
question
brand
inspection
violations,
movement
back
and
forth
across
the
state
lines.
S
That
sort
of
thing
so
we
said,
was
that
we
sit
with
the
sheriff
and
determine
a
fair
price
to
put
a
deputy
who
is
not
on
schedule,
but
he's
so
he's
going
to
be
overtime,
but
an
overtime
deputy
in
a
county
vehicle
on
the
roads
in
the
areas
where
our
investigator
and
brand
inspectors
have
determined.
There's
a
need
to
show
that
door
and
the
event
to
either.
Who
does
a
couple
of
does
a
couple
of
real
good
things?
The
first,
the
first
thing
we
always
ask
them.
S
Is
you
see
a
rancher
work
and
stop
and
introduce
yourself
and
tell
them?
Why
you're
there
and
the
second
they're
going
to
make
some
livestock
stops
court
in
the
western
state
of
wyoming,
which
says
go
ahead
and
make
the
livestock
stop?
So
we're
doing
that
so
they'll
do
some
of
that
and
then
they're
just
gonna
try
and
be
out
there.
S
This
some
of
your
committee
has
heard
me
say
this
before,
but
for
the
new
ones
I'll
say
it
again
to
me,
deterrence
might
be
to
some
of
some
folks.
Deterrence
might
not
be
measurable
to
me,
it's
pretty
measurable.
My
reports
go
down
and
the
producers
are
thanking
the
sheriffs
and
my
investigators.
We
did
something
right
so
if
we
can
get
out
there
and
push
people
to
another
area
to
do
that
sort
of
activity.
Yes,
so
that
being
said,
we
are
pushing
those
mous
very
hard
here.
S
Our
two
investigators
are
training,
they've
done
11
trainings
in
the
last
year,
even
through
kobet
teaching
livestock,
a
lot
of
different
agencies,
and
we
have
two
completed
mousse
four
in
the
pipeline
that
are
just
either
waiting
for
county
commissioner
approval
for
the
last
steps
it
contracts,
our
goal
is
to
have
15
counts
talents,
and
so
far
the
sheriffs
have
been
very
responsive
to
that.
So
that's
that's
the
biggest
push
that
we've
made
trying
to
multiply
our
force.
S
Two
guys
are
not
going
to
be
in
the
right
place
at
the
right
time
unless
we're
extremely
lucky,
so
we're
just
trying
to
multiply
our
force
in
that
avenue
and
even
though
it
isn't
in
the
statute,
it's
something
we've
always
done.
As
we
train
the
highway
patrol,
we
train
every
cadet
class,
we're
working
hard
to
do
what
we
can
do
with
what
we've
got
to
make
that
one.
A
R
R
R
R
So
osli
is
a
bit
of
a
unicorn.
We
don't
really
fit
squarely
within
the
topic
listed
on
the
agenda.
We
don't
perform
a
regulatory
function
for
the
ag
industry
and
we
don't
exist
wholly
to
support
the
ag
industry,
although
we
do
have
some
ag
related
programs
related
to
what
we
do,
but
nevertheless
we
thought
that
we
would
take
an
opportunity
to
remind
the
committee
what
we
do
and
for
the
new
members
to
help
educate
them.
R
So
wait
jason,
go
back
our
mission
statement
in
my
time
at
osli,
I've
come
to
realize
that
not
many
people
truly
understand
state
lands
or
the
opposite
state
lands
and
investments.
So
our
mission
statement
is
effectively
managing
natural
resources
and
funds
for
current
and
future
generations
and,
as
we
get
into
the
details
of
our
testimony
today,
you'll
you'll
see
why
that
is
so
next
slide.
R
So
this
is
just
a
brief
organizational
chart.
The
office
of
state
lands
and
investments
is
the
administrative
arm
for
both
the
board
of
land
commissioners
and
the
state
loan
and
investment
board.
We
have
the
statutory
responsibility
to
carry
out
the
policy
directives
of
these
two
boards.
So
we'll
start
on
the
state
board
of
land
commissioner's
side.
You
will
see
that
the
state
forester
and
I
we
both
report
to
the
state
board
of
land
commissioners.
The
state
forester
then
oversees
the
state
forestry
division.
R
Buffalo
riverton
lymon,
pinedale,
casper
and
larry,
underneath
the
state
forestry
division
you'll
see
that
the
state
trust
land
management
division
is
also
under
the
board
of
land
commissioners
and
that's
where
we
house
our
grazing
leasing,
our
special
use
leases,
our
temporary
use
permits,
easements
land
sales
and
exchanges
and
mineral
leasing,
and
also
underneath
the
state
board
of
land.
Commissioners
is
our
field
services
division
and
that's
where
our
appraisers,
our
gis,
folks,
our
surface
lease
compliance
and
inspectors
are
located.
There
are
a
couple
of
field
service
offices.
R
R
Now,
if
you
look
over
onto
the
state
loan
and
investment
board
side,
you'll
notice,
we
have
the
financial
and
administrative
services
division
and
that's
where
our
grant
and
loan
programs
are
housed.
Most
of
the
grant
loan
programs
are
related
to
infrastructure
and
capital
construction
projects
for
cities,
towns,
counties,
special
districts,
there's
also
some
sort
of
other
oddballs
in
there.
Also.
Our
fiscal
contracts
are
in
the
administrative
services
division
and
our
royalty
compliance
for
our
trust.
Land.
Minerals
is
also
housed
under
that
division.
R
R
Let's
begin
first
by
discussing
the
board
of
land
commissioners
first
and
it
is
under
a
constitutional
framework,
wyoming
constitution,
article
18,
section
1.
In
there
the
state
of
wyoming
accepted
grants
of
lands
made
by
the
u.s
to
the
state
for
educational
purposes
and
for
public
buildings
and
institutions.
R
Wyoming
constitution,
article
18,
section:
three:
that's
where
it
provides
the
lan
the
board
of
land
commissioners
has
the
direction,
control,
disposition
and
care
of
all
lands
granted
to
the
state
so
essentially
state
trust.
Lands
are
owned
by
the
state
and
held
in
a
trust
for
the
benefit
of
public
education
and
other
state
institutions
and
the
board
of
land
commissioners
act
as
the
trustees
of
the
trust
lands.
So
next
one
so
the
board
of
land
commissioners
is
comprised
of
the
five
highest
elected
officials.
R
It's
the
governor,
the
secretary
of
state,
the
state
auditor,
the
state
treasurer
and
the
superintendent
of
public
instruction
and,
as
I
mentioned,
they're
constitutionally
charged
with
optimizing
revenue
from
state
trust,
lands
to
support
public
education
and
the
beneficiary
institutes,
while
concurrently
striving
to
protect,
conserve
and
maintain
the
lands
so
that
they
can
be
used
by
future
generations
and
then
you'll
see.
There
is
a
statute
there
that
provides
the
authority
to
the
board
to
promulgate
and
adopt
rules
that
are
necessary
to
carry
out
these
functions.
R
So
next,
we're
also
guided
by
and
operate
under
a
number
of
statutory
principles.
State
trust
lands
must
be
managed
under
a
total
asset
management
policy.
The
state
trust
lands
are
intergenerational
with
a
focus
on
protecting
the
corpus
for
the
long
term.
Trust
land
should
remain
a
substantial
component
of
the
trust
portfolio.
R
R
R
You'll
see
that
in
wyoming,
section,
16
and
36
in
every
township
within
the
state
are
for
the
support
of
common
schools
in
wyoming.
This
amounts
to
a
surface
area
bigger
than
the
state
of
connecticut
next
one.
This
is
a
map
showing
the
state
of
wyoming's
trust
lands.
They're
highlighted
in
blue.
You
can
see
that
this
is
a
considerable
asset
to
manage
next
one.
R
So
what
are
exactly
all
of
the
trust
assets,
as
you
can
see,
there's
3.5
million
surface
acres
that
we
manage,
there's
3.9
million
mineral
acres
and
then
the
state
permanent
land
fund.
The
majority
of
revenues
collected
from
the
trust
lands
are
deposited
into
the
state
permanent
land
fund,
currently
there's
over
4
billion
dollars
in
that
fund
next
slide.
R
So
who
exactly?
Are
the
state
trust
land
beneficiaries?
We've
got
kind
of
a
list
of
the
the
funds
on
the
left
and
the
beneficiaries
on
the
right.
You'll
see,
there's
a
number
of
different
funds
and
a
number
of
different
beneficiaries,
but
suffice
it
to
say
that
the
largest
beneficiary
that
we're
working
for
most
of
the
time
is
public
schools,
education,
k
through
12.
R
next
slide
and
just
real
quickly.
When
we
evaluate
a
course
of
action
with
state
trust
lands,
we
follow
what
are
known
as
the
trust
land
management
objectives.
There
are
three
trust:
land
management
objectives,
any
proposal
to
ui
state
lands.
It
doesn't
have
to
meet
all
of
the
objectives,
but
I'm
going
to
quickly
go
through
those
quickly
from
our
highest
to
lowest
priority,
so
jason
next
slide.
R
So
our
first
priority
is
to
better
meet
the
beneficiaries
short
and
or
long-term
objectives,
and,
as
you
can
imagine,
we
do
this
through
revenue
we're
looking
to
improve
income
generating
potential,
we
can
do
it
alone
or
in
combination
with
other
state
lands.
We
can
block
up
state
lands.
We
look
for
single
uses
that
are
effective.
Are
there
multiple
compatible
uses,
we're
always
looking
for
ways
to
generate
revenue?
We
also
look
at
investment
value,
we're
looking
to
improve
our
returns,
improve
our
portfolio
diversification,
improve
our
appreciation
potential
and
improve
natural
resource
values
next
slide.
R
So
the
second
objective
is
to
improve
the
manageability
of
the
land
asset.
So
we
look
for
ways
to
consolidate
ownership
patterns,
which
makes
it
a
little
bit
easier
for
us
to
manage.
We
also
try
to
leverage
management,
resources
of
other
agencies
and
entities
and
then
finally,
the
lowest
in
priority
is
to
meet
a
specific
school
and
or
community
need.
R
R
We
have
a
trust,
land,
preservation
and
enhancement
account
that
helps
us
mitigate
some
of
the
things
that
happen
on
state
lands
where
people
are
dumping
and
other
things
like
that.
We
have
a
tremendous
records
management
program
internally,
but
I
will
say
that
we're
always
searching
for
new
opportunities
for
compatible
uses
on
state
trust
lands
and
in
this
day
and
age
with
the
economy.
The
way
it
is
we're
looking
to
diversify
our
our
opportunities
as
much
as
possible
next
slide.
R
So
our
trust
land,
earnings,
86
of
state
trust
lands,
are
classified
as
common
schools
and
those
support
k
through
12
education,
14
generate
revenues
to
support
those
other
institutions
that
are
on
the
list.
Grazing
is
the
most
prevalent
use
of
state
trust
lands
which
cover
approximately
90
percent
of
our
surface
acreage,
and
we
certainly
rely
on
our
grazing
lesses
to
help
us
manage
our
surface
acres.
However,
as
you
might
imagine,
mineral
development
has
generated
the
most
income
for
the
state
trust
land
beneficiaries
over
the
years.
R
Unfortunately,
with
some
of
the
slowdown
in
the
industry,
we're
definitely
seeing
impacts
to
our
pocketbook
on
that.
So
next
slide,
one
of
the
things
that
I
always
do
when
I
talk
about
state
lands,
is
to
emphasize
a
lot
of
people
get
confused
about.
They
think
state
trust
lands
are
the
same
as
public
federal
lands
and
it's
it's
we're
not
the
same
as
federal
public
lands
and
we're
not
the
same
as
blm.
You
know
blm
and
other
federal
agencies.
R
V
Thank
you
ma'am,
mr
chairman.
The
wheaton
pest
program
is
our
response
to
the
wheaton
pest
act,
we're
acting
as
a
landowner
within
the
state
and
as
such,
we
need
to
manage
an
attempt
to
control
obnoxious,
weeds
and
pests.
Pursuant
to
that
act
in
2009
the
board
did
create
chapter
28,
the
wheaton
pest
program,
which
is
a
cost
share
program
with
our
lesses,
where
we
participate
in
the
in
the
control
costs
of
various
noxious
weeds
and
pests
across
the
state
and
I'll
get
into
that
in
just
a
little
bit.
V
But
we
also
push
a
lot
of
that
responsibility
off
onto
our
lassies,
our
grazing
lessies,
our
special
useless
easement
holders
and
mineral
lesses.
They
all
have
a
requirement
that
they
also
control
noxious
weeds
and
pests
that
may
have
popped
up
because
of
the
uses
of
our
lands,
and
then
they
can
participate
in
our
cost
share
program.
It's
important
to
note
that
our
cost
share
program
is
a
reimbursement
to
the
county
districts
only
not
to
those
state
lesses,
so
they
need
to
all
of
our
state.
V
D
Mr
chairman,
thank
you.
I
got
a
question
on
the
the
lee
sees
if
they
do
not
maintain
control
of
the
noxious
weed
weeds
as
somebody
out
there
or
pests,
is
somebody
out
monitoring
this
and
is
there
a
reprimand
of
some
sort
where
they
lose
the
lease
or
or
how
do
you
control
that?
I
guess
is
my
question.
V
Thank
you
great
question,
mr
chairman
representative.
Larson.
Yes,
so
we
have
the
field
staff
that
are
scattered
across
the
state.
As
the
director
mentioned,
they
are
actively
doing
inspections
and
compliance
inspections
and
all
the
leases
and
easements
that
we
hold
there's
a
total
of
six
of
them.
I
believe
so
they're
a
very
busy
group
and
when
they
do
come
across
an
infestation
we
note
it.
V
We
provide
that
messy
with
documentation
a
letter
indicating
that
there
is
a
cost-share
program
available
to
them
that
they
do
have
the
responsibility
for
that
control,
and
if
they
don't
do
anything
towards
control,
they
could
lose
their
lease.
That
is
a
provision
within
their
lease
that
they
must
comply
with
and
if
they
don't,
we
could
approach
the
borderline
commissioners
and
have
that
at
least
terminated
follow-up.
V
A
V
We
also
provide
a
cost
share
of
up
to
50
of
the
application
costs.
This
is
for
chemical
and
labor
for
those
very
high
cost
species
like
russian,
olives,
salt,
cedar
and
prairie
dogs.
Those
are
the
ones
that
have
the
most
detriment
to
revenue
generation,
and
so
those
are
the
ones
that
we
really
would
like
to
incentivize
lessees
to
control,
and
so
we
created
a
50
percent
cost
share
application
for
for
those
weights.
The
remaining
amount
of
the
remaining
noxious
weeds
on
the
state
designated
list
we
provide
for
chemical
only.
V
We
expect
that
the
lessee,
through
the
district,
to
pay
for
all
of
the
application
measures
for
those
wheats
here
is
a
list
of
our
special
management
programs
that
we
participate
in
across
the
state
and
again
we
we
co-shared
100
of
the
cost
for
work
done
on
state
trust
plans
and
then,
finally,
I
wanted
to
provide
just
a
budget
summary.
This
is
a
budget.
That's
it's
gone
up
and
down
over
this,
the
last
few
years
as
budget
cuts
deemed
necessary.
V
V
What's
also
important
to
note
here
was
in
fiscal
year
1920,
through
a
governor's
letter,
the
legislature
appropriated
us
an
additional
one-time,
five
hundred
thousand
dollars
to
be
used
for
not
just
weed
work.
That's
why
the
1920
budget
was
bumped
up
to
850
000,
and
you
can
notice
that
the
use
or
the
amount
that
we've
expended
directly
is
correlated
to
how
much
we're
budgeted.
So
there
is
a
need
and
for
every
dollar
that
we're
budgeted
we've
seen
great
use
of
that.
V
So
we
understand
that.
There's
a
demand
out
there.
However,
we
were
forced
in
this
latest
budget,
cut,
to
reduce
our
wheaton
pest
budget
down
to
zero.
The
governor
made
that
effective
the
second
half
of
the
biennium,
so
we
were
functionally
cut
in
half
for
this
year,
so
we
we
currently
have
175
000
in
this
program
for
not
just
we
invest
work.
I
also
want
to
make
mention
that
the
legislature
did
appropriate
us
during
the
last
session,
an
additional
500,
000
one-time
again
funding.
However,
they
didn't
put
that
in
the
wheaton
pest
program.
V
R
D
On
hang
on
a
minute,
we've
gotta,
mr
chairman,
thank
you.
This
fires
me
up.
I
guess
I
just
don't
know
how
the
state
can
think
that
they
shouldn't
take
care
of
their
lands.
It's
like
a
a
landowner
having
a
house
and
not
taking
care
of
it,
and
so,
where
does
where
does
this
committee
or
representatives
need
to
go?
Do
we
need
to
go
to
the
board
and
state
our
case
or
or
or
is
this
fight
only
in
the.
V
V
So
it
is
it's
board
directive
or
board
policy.
That
kind
of
guides
us
to
where
we
are
today
and
I
suppose
we
can
reach
out
to
the
board
and
have
the
discussion
about
additional
funding,
and
then
we
would
our
additional
control
over
those
weeds
at
our
level
and
then,
of
course,
we'd
have
to
go
to
the
legislature
for
additional
procreation.
E
E
Is
dedicated
to
administering
this
program
where,
if
I
understand
it
correctly,
first
of
all,
let
me
back
up
it's
the
local
county
districts
that
make
requests
to
state
lands
and
you
have
to
make
a
decision
which
ones
you
approve,
which
ones
you
don't
I'm
just
wondering.
First
of
all,
if
that's
correct
and
second
of
all,
how
much
staff
time
is
dedicated
to
the
industry,
not
that
program.
V
V
I
don't
know
if
I
could
even
guess
how
much
time
it
would
take.
It
is
at
times
a
very
cumbersome
process,
especially
as
we're
going
through
the
requests
from
the
district
and
then
a
very
cumbersome
process
as
we're
working
with
our
lessees,
who
may
need
a
little
additional
incentive
to
to
control
those
weeds
and
pests
on
their
on
the
lands
that
they
lease,
but
we
can
provide
an
estimate
for
you
and
we
can
go
back
and
check
with
our
staff
to
see
which
time
they
spend.
R
C
R
R
The
sliv
manages
various
grant
loan
programs
for
the
state
of
wyoming
and,
as
I
mentioned,
I
think
previously,
a
lot
of
it
has
to
do
with
cities,
counties,
towns
and
special
districts
related
to
financing
capital,
construction
and
other
infrastructure
projects.
Next
slide,
please,
however,
we
do
have
one
program,
that's
applicable
to
the
agricultural
community.
It's
the
farm
loan
program.
This
program
was
established
in
1921.
R
It
provides
long-term
loans
to
wyoming's
agricultural
operators.
Currently,
the
program
is
is
supported
by
275
million
dollars
from
the
permanent
mineral
trust
fund.
220
of
that
is
for
is
to
fund
farm
loans
themselves.
55
million
is
for
beginning
agriculture
producer
loans.
Historically,
this
fund
is
considered
a
safety
net
for
ag
borrowing.
The
interest
rate
is
8.
That's
why
that's
a
little
bit
high
for
regular
farm
loans
for
beginning
ag
producers.
The
interest
rate
is
for
the
first
10
years.
R
It's
the
lower
of
eight
percent
or
the
average
yield
on
a
10-year
us
treasury
bond
the
year
before
the
loan
closes,
and
then,
at
the
end
of
the
ten
years
it
adjusts
up
to
eight
percent,
the
idea
being
to
help
move
people
up
and
out
of
the
program
again.
The
idea
is
not
to
compete
with
bank
loans.
This
is
kind
of
a
loan
of
last
resort
kind
of
the
safety
net
idea.
R
Next
slide,
please
so
the
farm
loan
program,
the
loans
are
generally
made
for
purchasing
lands
used
for
raising
ag
products,
livestock
or
dairying
purchasing
livestock
fertilizers
and
equipment
calculated
to
maintain
or
increase
earning
capacity
at
the
borrower's
ag
options.
Operations
excuse
me
to
purchase,
construct
or
install
improvements,
to
increase
earning
capacity
of
the
borrowers
agricultural
operations
or
to
liquidate
debts
of
the
borrower
incurred
in
furtherance
of
the
borrower's
agricultural
operations,
and
so
that's
just
kind
of
a
high
level
overview.
R
D
R
D
E
Thank
you,
mr
chairman.
Just
I
want
to
make
sure
I
understand
this.
I
guess
think
back
off.
Representative
larson
is
that
80
you
said
set
in
statute.
Is
that
federal
statute
or
state
statute,
and
does
this
have
any
relation
to
the
the
federal
you
know,
farm
services
agency?
I
think
they
have
an
office
in
casper,
for
example,
they
offer
these
sorts
of
loans
to
say
beginning
producers
is
there?
Is
this
a
completely
separate
program,
or
is
this
in
conjunction
with
that
federal
program?.
R
D
E
Go
ahead
yeah,
so
perhaps
we
could
I
mean
I'm
just
looking
at
a
session
for
the
first
time
myself.
Perhaps
we're
going
to
continue
this
subject
after
lunch.
Perhaps
after
we
hear
from
all
the
other
agencies
public
testimony,
that's
a
good
thought,
maybe
maybe
hold
on
to
it.
I
agree:
that's
something
we
can
do,
but
I
need
more
time
to
think
about
a
little
bit
right.
That's
better
direction,
but
yeah
yeah.
I
think
we're
honestly
representing,
but
maybe
maybe
just
give
us
like
an
hour.
P
A
E
Yep
and
mr
chairman,
I
don't
have
anything
else
to
present.
I
think
both
of
those
topics
are
that
the
topic
was
covered
in
my
first
presentation.
So
if
there
are
any
questions
we
could
stand
for
those
now
and
and
of
course,
we'd
be
happy
to
return
after
lunch.
If,
if
that's
the
case
or
if
that's
needed,
not
just
in
the
interest
of
time,
but
I
don't
have
anything
else
to
present.
A
E
Yeah
so,
mr
chairman,
the
thing
is
that
you
know
we
have
to
be
back
at
1
30,
because
we
have
some
of
our
board
the
land.
Commissioners,
the
governor
and
the
treasurer
will
be
here.
So
the
committee
and
everybody
we're
going
to
have
to
kind
of
skip
on
to
topic
number
six
briefly
and
then
we'll
come
back
to
this
after
we
get
done
with
that.
Actually,
that's
a
pretty
good
stopping
point
because
we'll
still
be
focused
on
state
lands,
but
yeah
we've
got
an
hour
for
lunch,
have
to
be
back
at
1
30.