►
From YouTube: The Mayor's Annual State of the City Address 2021
Description
Mayor Marvin Rees delivers the annual State of the City Address and panellists debate post-pandemic policy needs for the city.
It’s been another difficult year for Bristol with the pandemic and the uncertainty of reopening. How ready is Bristol to recover? What have been the lessons learned about Bristol’s response to Covid-19 and how will these help build the future inclusive city? Can Bristol continue to move forward in creating an open and tolerant city that uses its past to help create a better place? What lessons can we learn from other places? What are the threats facing Bristol and what are the opportunities? And what messages do Bristol want to send to COP26?
Caleb Parkin (City Poet) and Alice Towle (Youth Mayor) open the event.
After delivering his State of the City Address, Mayor Marvin Rees joins a panel with:
Ian Goldin (author most recently of Rescue: From Global Crisis to a Better World)
Sado Jirde (director, Black South West Network),
Musa Okwonga, writer, broadcaster and musician
Liz Zeidler (Centre for Thriving Places)
The panellists will debate policy needs for cities coming out of the pandemic as well as questions from the audience.
The BSL interpretation on the video was recorded and streamed during a live interaction for the purposes of providing access to people attending on the evening of the event, and as such, may contain errors due to the nature of the content and/or speaker being unknown to participants. The intention is always to provide a true and accurate interpretation and is tailored to the needs of the people present and is not a polished and rehearsed piece of interpreting for the purposes of providing general access online. Please bear this in mind when watching.
A
This
is
the
ninth
annual
mayor's
state
of
the
city
address
and
the
university
has
had
the
honor
of
hosting
all
but
last
year's
event,
and
isn't
it
fantastic
to
be
back
in
person
this
year?
The
lecture
on
panel
are
again
part
of
the
bi-annual
festival
of
the
future
city,
and
there
have
been
some
fantastic
and
thought-provoking
sessions
today
and
more
much
more
tomorrow.
A
2021
festival,
scenes
or
themes
include
social
justice,
inclusive
and
sustainable
cities,
urban
and
planetary,
health
and
digital
futures,
and,
as
you
know,
these
themes
address
the
major
challenges
facing
humanity
and
facing
our
planet
they're.
Also
at
the
heart
I
should
say
of
the
university's
research
agenda
and
as
a
global
civic
university.
A
We
want
to
show
how
global
challenges
are
often
most
powerfully
addressed
through
co-creation
in
the
local
context,
and
it's
this
principle
that
underpins
our
civic
mission
and,
in
turn,
informs
our
approach
to
collaboration
with
you
with
our
local
partners
and
communities,
with
its
aim
of
being
the
largest
public
debate
about
the
future
of
cities.
We're
delighted
again
to
be
to
be
part
of
this
year's
festival
if
you're
unable
to
attend
all
of
the
events
or
any
of
the
events
in
person.
A
His
poems
have
been
published
widely,
including
in
the
poetry
review,
the
rialto
butcher's
dog
under
the
radar
and
bristol
24
7..
So
I
hope
you
enjoy
the
rest
of
tonight's
events
and
I'd
like
to
extend
a
thank
you
to
all
of
our
speakers
and
panelists
in
advance
for
their
contributions.
So
please
welcome
caleb
parken.
B
Okay
is
that
working?
Yes,
I
thought
I
was
going
to
have
to
do
a
bit
brian,
blessed
belting
it
out
there,
but
no
hello
thanks
very
much
for
having
me
here
tonight.
So
when
I
was
doing
my
initial
teacher
training
and
that's
as
far
as
I
got
by
the
way
with
my
teacher
training
apart
from
a
term
and
there
was
a
trainer
called
sharon
and
she
would
sometimes
start
a
session
by
saying.
Would
you
like
to
hear
a
story?
Of
course
you
would
and
so
ahead
of
cop
26
the
climate
conference
next
month.
B
I
was
thinking
about
fables
these
stories,
often
involving
animals
with
a
clear
moral,
the
the
most
famous
one
is
probably
the
tortoise
and
the
hair
slow
and
steady
wins
the
race
mary
oliver
at
the
end
of
her
poem
wild
geese,
much
beloved
poem
refers
to
the
family
of
things
and
I
think
of
fables
being
about
the
family
of
things
and
they're
being
in
dialogue.
So
poems
can
be
stories.
B
B
This
is
a
befuddled
fable,
a
d
fable,
a
fumbled
fable,
it's
a
fubble,
that's
it
a
new
thing
and
this
one
begins
once
upon
a
galaxy.
There
was
a
solar
system
that
feels
overwhelming.
So
instead
it
starts
once
upon
a
solar
system.
There
was
a
planet
called
earth
and
earth
was
the
third
child
of
the
sun
and
they
had
a
pretty
special
relationship,
but
maybe
that's
a
bit
big
too.
So,
let's
try
once
upon
an
earth.
There
was
an
ocean
and
it
was
the
most
gorgeous
of
oceans
sparkling
as
the
eye
of
someone.
B
You
really
fancy
and
yes
earth
really
fancied
ocean
and
said:
let's
get
closer
hang
on,
though
where's
that
headed,
not
quite
the
vibe
we're
after
is
it
let's
zoom
in
once
upon
a
beach,
there
was
a
grain
of
sand
too
far
too
much
right.
Once
upon
an
estuary,
they
lived
a
little
egret
how's
that
you
know
egrets
a
bit
like
herons
wading
birds
spend
their
days
dipping
their
beaks
in
mud,
strutting
shallows
and
they're,
pretty
these
little
egrets
and
pretty
new
in
many
places
too
migrating
from
further
afield.
B
Now
summers
are
more
egret
appealing,
but
that's
probably
by
the
by
this
egret
is
gorgeous
pristine
envied
by
gulls,
worshipped
by
more
hens,
revered
and
feared
by
fishes.
The
length
of
the
estuary
shaw
estuary,
which
interrupting
egret's
narrative
puff
says.
Are
you
aware
of
my
latest
policy
regarding
undertows
and
sprat
quotas?
B
I'm
busy
said
egret
can't
you
see
how
the
fishes
are
gleaming
in
my
shadow
and
I'm
hungry,
always
hungry
I'll.
Listen
to
your
policies
when
I'm
full,
so
estuary
went
with
a
gust
of
breeze
and
tutted
by
slapping.
Some
weed
against
a
tongue
of
driftwood
egret
went
on
feeding
warded
off
girls
from
his
patch,
the
fish
in
the
shallows,
a
shimmer
in
his
eye,
and
he
dined
and
waited
and
dined
next
day
estuary
dressed
in
its
most
imposing
power
suit,
grey,
with
pinstripe
waves,
tapped
egr
on
the
beak
and
said
egret.
B
The
regulations
have
changed
again.
I'm
cascading
this
new
information
on
behalf
of
the
boss.
Now
she
emailed
it
via
volcanic
eruption
says
all
employees
need
to
attend
a
training
facilitated
by
their
local
estuary,
and
that
is
me
an
egret
with
a
dismissive
flick
of
his
wings
said
estuary
I'm
still
busy.
B
B
Can't
you
see,
I
have
no
time
for
this
estuary.
The
fish
are
hidden,
are
thinning.
My
claws
are
so
tired
and
my
beak
is
open
but
empty.
The
girls
are
encroaching
the
more
hands
emboldened
and
picking
at
my
feathers.
I
don't
have
time
estuary
for
your
lectures,
your
figures,
your
doom
laden
conjectures.
B
I
am
tired
estuary
and
I
am
busy
so
estuary
showed
its
dismay
by
edging
the
tide
out
a
smidge
lower
than
usual
the
mud
in
an
arc
of
a
frown
in
the
week
after
this
estuary
watched
as
egret
squabbled
and
scrabbled
waded
and
wanted
hungry
and
angry
estuary
met
with
ocean
and
the
moon
and
the
boss,
and
they
looked
at
the
stats
of
egret
and
the
others
in
the
avian
division.
The
marine
vertebrate
teams.
B
B
G
So
this
is
my
mom's
back
garden
and
we
are
creating
a
home.
I
never
thought
the
council
could
find
me
a
home
in
a
space
like
this
and
it's
nice
to
know
that
you
have
people
around
you
to
support
you
and
it
just
feels
so
important
because
I'm
involved
like
it's
not
just
lying
to
the
builders.
It's
lying
to
us
as
well,
and
I
like
to
meet
the
crew
as
well,
which
is
quite
cool
like
I
get
to
learn
some
new
skills
yeah
make
new
friends.
G
H
They
have
changed
me
a
lot
since
I've
been
here
because
I
was
really
down
in
the
dumps.
There
was
nothing
really
going
on.
Do
you
know
what
I
mean
right
now
living
in
one
of
the
best
places
to
live
in
because
everyone's
so
friendly?
I
just
love
it
because
wherever
you
go
just
talk
to
you
from
the
bottom
to
the
top,
they
all
speak
to
you
and
make
you
welcome.
You
know
not
as
important.
I
know
the
carers
are
lovely
nice
neighbours
as
well
lovely
neighbours
they've
got.
H
I
J
J
We've
lost
out
on
a
lot
of
things
like
having
friends
over
or
parties
or
my
children
having
their
own
space,
especially
the
young
one,
my
daughter
and
then
I
did
my
application
through
home
choice
a
few
times.
We
got
the
kids,
it
was
amazing,
it
was
really
really
nice
and
we
loved
it
immediately.
It's
spacious,
it's
bigger
mika
now,
everybody's
just
like
have
a
little
room,
have
their
time
and
we
come
downstairs
we'll
watch
something
or
we'll
eat
together.
D
My
old
place
was
a
bit
challenging,
to
say
the
least,
most
nights
you'd
hear
some
shouting
or
wall
banging
or
someone
kicking
the
doors
things
like
that,
but
compared
to
what
I
have
now
look
at
it,
surrounded
by
trees,
the
sun's
shining
through
like
it's
pretty
amazing.
You
know-
and
I
feel
like
this
place-
has
just
done
such
a
good
job
of
making.
You
feel
like
you
have
support
around
you.
Sometimes
an
activity
or
people
are
having
food
nights
and
the
people
here
just
so
nice,
like
you,
feel,
like
you're,
being
welcomed
with
open
arms.
D
D
E
E
The
report,
the
report
which
we
have
written
on
this
is
both
harrowing
but
shows
the
resilience
of
young
people,
and
I
would
definitely
recommend
reading
it.
However,
perhaps
more
positively
young
people
have
also
been
hot
at
the
heart
of
a
lot
of
social
action,
especially
in
bristol
in
the
last
two
years,
whether
that
be
from
black
lives
matter,
protests
to
youth
strike
for
climate
or
when
we
took
to
an
online
protest
to
protest.
Our
grades
in
2020.
E
But
I
would
also
say
to
the
young
people
that
are
campaigning
to
engage
with
the
elected
officials
to
engage
with
everyone
and
to
go
beyond
just
putting
your
voice
to
a
perhaps
a
social
media
campaign
and
sometimes-
and
I
have
learned
as
youth
mayor-
the
back
end
is
a
bit
bureaucratic
and
it
takes
a
long
time.
But
I
think
it's
a
mark
of
a
good
activist
and
those
I've
seen
do
so.
E
Well
are
the
people
who
engage
the
whole
way
through,
and
I
think
that
is
how
we
can
begin
to
build
bridges
and
build
towards
a
more
inclusive
future.
One
where
we
can
have
an
open
dialogue,
and
it
would
be
remiss
of
me,
especially
as
a
young
woman,
not
to
speak
about
the
tragic
death
of
sarah
everard
and
those
countless
women
who
have
been
killed.
E
This
is
a
time
for
those
with
privilege
to
reflect
on
it
and
work
to
ensure
that
everyone
can
feel
safe,
especially
when
coming
home,
but
now
for
something
perhaps
more
positive,
some
direct
action
from
the
youth
council.
What
have
we
been
doing
for
the
last
two
years?
And
what
have
we
been
doing
as
a
group
for
the
time
we've
existed?
E
Despite
the
pandemic,
the
youth
council
has
still
been
doing
some,
I
would
say,
amazing.
Work
may
be
unbiased.
We
have
campaigned
on
four
key
campaign
groups
equal
bristol,
focusing
on
equalities
issues,
supported
mental
wellbeing,
environment
and
transport
and
youth
voice
as
normal.
Most
of
the
work
that
goes
on
is
behind
the
scenes.
A
lot
of
people
won't
see
it.
We
collated
evidence
and
wrote
a
report
on
the
impact
of
code
on
young
people,
which
I've
already
mentioned,
and
it's
been
sent
out
to
all
the
youth
work
practitioners
in
bristol.
E
Additionally,
we
surveyed
over
1300
young
people
on
walking
and
cycling,
which
I'm
fairly
sure
is
more
responses
than
most
of
the
council.
Surveys
get
so
we
were
quite
proud
of
that
and
this
research
was
conducted
and
written
by
john
wayman,
our
other
youth
mayor,
who
has
now
gone
off
to
university,
and
this
report
is
also
available
on
our
website.
E
We
have
also
launched
and
now
running
the
international
youth
mayor's
association,
which
was
founded
in
lockdown
and
is
a
flagship
group
of
approximately
50
youth
mayors
from
at
the
moment,
eight
countries,
but
we're
always
expanding,
and
we
come
together
once
a
month
to
talk
and
share
best
practice
and
campaign
together.
We
also
sit
on
countless
boards
and
have
worked
with
elected
and
non-elected
officials
alike
and
we're
working
with
the
police
and
crime.
Commissioner
on
the
young
people's
relationships
with
police-
and
perhaps
this
leads
me
to
the
most
asked
question
of
young
people
in
politics.
E
Are
you
being
listened
to
or
are
you
a
tick
box
exercise,
and
I
can
confidently
say
that,
in
terms
of
the
youth
council,
I
don't
think
we
are,
and
our
engagement
with
the
council
is
amazing
and
every
time
I
say
that
marvin
has
genuinely
been
amazing.
People
kind
of
look
at
me
like.
Are
you
being
paid
to
say
that
or
when
I
say
you
know,
we
work
with
the
cabinet
and
they
really
listen
to
us.
E
He
did
send
an
email,
and
now
we
have
an
instagram
account,
so
you
know
it's
going
well
so,
and
I
know
I
know
this
is
not
the
case
and
that
young
people's
voices
need
to
be
listened
to
in
in
all
walks
of
life
and
respected,
and
I
would
say
to
anyone
wanting
to
engage
with
young
people
before
asking
young
for
young
people's
voices
on
projects.
Ask
why
why
are
you
asking
them
to
be
a
part
of
this?
Ask?
How
are
you
going
to
use
their
voice
and
how
will
you
give
feedback
to
them?
E
How
will
their
time
be
used?
Well,
how
will
you
make
their
time
worthwhile?
Why
are
you
going
to
meet?
Where
are
you
going
to
meet
too
often
adults
make
young
people
come
to
them,
but
adults
have
cars
and
incomes
and
jobs,
and
they
have
time.
So
why
can't
you
go
to
the
young
people
instead
come
to
young
people
and
make
their
voices
heard
go
to
the
young
people?
E
K
K
K
He
was
vulnerable
and
he
needed
he
needed
support
and
it's
very
important
that
whatever
headlines
fly
around,
we
remember
that
there
are
young
people
out
there
like
that.
I
had
actually
met
him
myself
and
he
was
over
at
empire
fighting
chance
and
I'd
invited
him
down.
I
gave
him
my
business
card
and
invited
him
down
for
a
cup
of
tea
and
it's
a
real
sadness
for
me
that
we
never
had
that
cup
of
tea
and
we
never
will
get
to
have
that
cup
of
tea.
K
Thank
you
again
for
hosting
the
annual
state
of
the
city
address
and
just
for
all
of
you
don't
know
hugh
is
going
to
move
on
to
a
new
chapter
in
life,
and
we
wish
you
all
the
best
you
as
you
move
off
to
be
the
vc
of
imperial
college
london
and
just
to
say
that
the
work
you've
done
to
to
take
bristol
on
the
journey
to
become
a
civic
university
and
to
deliver
the
new
temple
quarter.
Campus
that
you'll
see
going
up
behind
the
train
station
will
leave
a
real
legacy
in
bristol.
K
I
also
want
to
extend
my
thanks
to
andrew
kelly
and
andrew
has
been
the
chief
executive
of
fester,
love
ideas
now
now
he's
called
bristol
ideas
for
29
years
and
he's
contributed
hugely
to
bristol's
cultural
life
and
the
quality
of
our
public
discourse.
Make
and
he's
helped
to
make
bristol
better
raising
our
profile
on
the
national
and
the
international
stage,
and
I
also
need
to
thank
you
bristol
the
city.
K
This
is
my
first
state
of
the
city
since
being
re-elected,
and
I
absolutely
recognize
the
mayoral
position
is
not
mine.
It's
loaned
to
me
by
you
and
I
thank
you
for
entrusting
it
into
my
care
again
so
we're
18
months
now
on
from
the
first
covid
lockdown
from
the
beginning,
we
explained
we
were
not
just
dealing
with
the
virus
itself,
but
the
consequences
of
the
actions
needed
to
stem
the
spread
of
the
virus.
K
And
I
think
there
are
three
interdependent
lessons.
We
have
the
opportunity
to
learn
if
we
choose
to
the
first
reinforces
points
I
shared
in
my
address
last
year,
where
I
cited
richard
horton
from
the
lancet,
and
he
argued
we
aren't
suffering
merely
from
a
pandemic,
but
what
he
called
a
syndemic
in
which
two
categories
of
disease
are
interacting:
the
communicable
disease
covid19
and
the
non-communicable
diseases
that
cluster
around
poverty
and
inequality.
K
The
vulnerability
of
older
citizens,
black
asian
and
minority
ethnic
communities
and
key
workers
who
are
commonly
poorly
paid
with
fewer
welfare
protections
points
to
a
truth,
so
far,
barely
acknowledged
that
unless
governments
devise
policies
and
programs
that
reverse
profound
disparities,
our
societies
will
never
be
truly
covered.
Secure
the
economic
crisis-
and
he
goes
on
to
say,
the
economic
crisis
that
is
advancing
towards
us
will
not
be
solved
by
a
drug
or
a
vaccine.
K
K
If
we
don't,
then
we
will
remain
individually
and
collectively
vulnerable
to
future
health
shocks
with
all
their
consequence,
and
it's
this
collective
vulnerability
that
makes
tackling
social
inequality
that
takes
tackling
social
inequality
beyond
an
issue
of
mere
social
justice
and
makes
it
an
issue
of
national
security
and
in
many
ways
we
can
learn
from
bristol's
past
on
this
front.
In
1832,
cholera
killed,
584
bristolians
from
a
population
of
just
96
000,
and
it's
the
poorest
who
were
hit
first
and
hardest,
the
impact
exacerbated
by
overcrowded
and
unsanitary
conditions
in
slums
and
workhouses.
K
We
came
to
learn
that,
while
the
water
was
the
means
for
a
transmission,
the
it
was
the
drivers
and
consequences
of
poverty
that
were
the
accelerants
both
then,
and
today.
The
resilience
and
weakness
of
population
health
are
not
just
biomedical
questions.
They
are
determined
by
social
conditions
themselves,
the
product
of
political
and
economic
systems.
K
The
second
lesson
is
that
covid
has
humbled
us
and
warned
us
it's
given
us
a
taste
of
a
natural
world
reasserting
its
authority
in
the
modern
era.
We've
believed
that
we
have
the
ability
to
control
things
that,
whatever
the
crisis
someone
somewhere
could
solve
it.
So
we
could
decide
not
to
go
to
war
or
feed
hungry
people.
K
We
could
decide
to
house
the
homeless,
but
we
have
now
tasted
living
in
a
world
in
which
no
one
nowhere
could
simply
make
a
decision
to
end
the
crisis
until
we
had
the
vaccine,
the
virus
stopped
us
in
our
tracks.
The
economy
stopped
elections
were
postponed,
schools
were
closed
and
our
flagship
public
service
teetered
on
the
edge
of
being
overwhelmed.
K
K
This
threat
points
to
what
civil
rights
activists
and
harvard
scholar,
marshall,
gans,
called
the
urgency
of
the
now,
and
this
leads
to
the
third
insight,
which
is
the
importance
of
cities.
Climate
change
will
be
won
or
lost
in
cities.
Cities
are
home
to
over
half
the
world's
people.
They
consume
over
70
percent
of
the
world's
energy
and
generate
three
quarters
of
global
carbon
emissions,
and
yet
cities
also
offer
amongst
the
most
sustainable
lifestyles.
K
K
So
let
me
take
you
through
some
of
the
ways
we
are
doing
that
here
in
our
city
of
bristol,
on
climate,
we
have
worked
with
the
city
to
agree
and
collectively
commit
to
the
one
city,
climate
strategy
and
its
2030
carbon
neutral
and
climate
resilience
targets.
We
launched
our
ecological
emergency
action
plan
last
month.
The
plan
was
led
by
avon
wildlife,
trust
and
developed
with
36
city
organizations.
K
We've
invested
42
million
pounds
on
retrofitting
council-owned
owned
homes,
6
500
homes
now
having
had
gas
boilers,
replaced,
800
houses
and
a
thousand
flats
now
having
wall
insulation,
a
thousand
new
insulated
roofs,
2
500,
with
double
glazed
replacements,
2
000,
have
had
loft
insulation
top
ups.
Today,
99
of
publicly
owned
homes
have
double
glazed
in
98
have
insulated
cavity
walls.
We've
also
planted
seventy
thousand
new
trees
through
one
tree
per
child.
A
program
commenced
by
my
predecessor,
george
ferguson,
and
continued
by
us.
More
than
nine
thousand
were
planted
last
year,
including
bristol's.
K
First
mini
forest
in
south.
A
business
scheme
has
set
a
target
to
plant
at
least
250
000
trees.
All
this
contributes
to
our
one
city
plan
goal
to
double
the
city's
tree
canopy
by
2046
and
we're
working
with
the
university
of
manchester
and
the
met
office
to
understand
our
city's
vulnerability
to
overheating
and
how
we
can
protect
ourselves
from
severe
heat
waves.
K
We've
invested
22
million
pounds
in
renewable
energy
projects
and
low
carbon
heat
networks.
Our
district
heating
network
already
serves
old
market
red
cliff
and
hartcliffe,
with
benminster
temple,
quartz
and
st
phillips
soon
to
join
them.
We're
installing
a
zoo,
a
zero
carbon
water
source
heat
pump
in
castle
park
that
will
heat,
1,
000,
council
homes
and
castle
park
view,
and
the
bedminster
heat
network
will
source
its
energy
from
waste
water.
K
We
need
to
fund
our
decarbonization.
The
cost
of
decarbonizing
bristol
alone
is
nearly
10
billion
pounds,
and
this
is
part
of
a
200
plus
billion
pound
package
needed
to
decarbonize,
the
uk's
core
cities
and
london
on
housing.
We
would
have
built
over
the
last
five
years,
some
9
000
new
homes
by
the
end
of
this
year,
with
twelve
thousand
more
homes
with
planning
permissions
in
the
pipeline
having
been
delayed
by
covid
and
brexit,
we
have
173
homes
being
built
by
bokkhuk
on
airport
road.
K
In
locklea's
we
have
185
homes
in
bonneton,
walk
and
268
in
romney
house
being
built
by
our
own
council-owned
company
gorham
homes.
There's
many
more.
We
have
at
least
1400
new
homes
on
their
way.
In
hang,
grove
not
only
will
around
50
of
these
be
affordable,
but
they
were
set
a
benchmark
for
off-site
modern
methods
of
construction
and
low
carbon
development,
and
now,
with
bristol
zoo
relocating,
we
have
an
incredible
opportunity
to
deliver
affordable
homes
in
clifton.
K
On
top
of
that,
we've
launched
an
estate
renewal
program,
we're
overhauling
home
choice,
we've
extended
the
moratorium
on
evictions
for
council
tenants.
We've
joined
the
advisory
board
of
the
kerslake
commission
on
ending
rough
sleeping
and
we're
on
our
way
to
becoming
a
living
rent
city
on
transport.
Our
flagship
policy
remains
the
mass
transit
system,
including
the
underground.
All
routes
have
been
identified,
linking
the
north
east,
south
and
airport
to
the
city
center.
It
will
integrate
buses
and
trains
and
include
new
stations
to
form
a
transformative
low-carbon
transport
system
for
bristol.
K
K
This
is
a
key
step
in
building
the
business
case
that
will
secure
the
over
4
billion
investment
needed
for
the
mass
transit
system.
We've
introduced
bus
prioritization,
including
bus
gates
on
bristol
bridge
and
baldwin
street.
This
is
increased
reliability
and
taken
five
minutes
of
bus
journeys
through
the
city
centre.
K
Over
half
a
century
ago,
bristol
lost
its
trams
20
years
ago,
lost
out
on
opportunity
on
an
opportunity
for
supertrams.
This
was
down
to
poor
leadership,
impenetrable
council
structures
and
regional
squabbles.
We
have
the
opportunity
today
to
get
beyond
these
historical
failures
and
deliver
something
transformative.
K
We
need
government
funding
and
support,
and
we
must
ensure
that
the
west
of
england
combined
authority
unlocks
the
investment
bristol
and
the
city
region
needs.
We
need
substance,
not
sound
bites
on
infrastructure.
We
are
fixing
the
city's
aging
infrastructure,
the
chocolate
path,
key
bridges
around
the
city,
the
sea
walls
and
our
road
networks.
K
These
have
been
deteriorating
for
decades,
with
no
clear
plan
for
their
maintenance.
We
now
have
that
plan
and
we
have
a
capital
strategy
in
place.
We've
also
taken
on
the
new
infrastructure
challenge
such
as
the
arena,
where
we
showed
our
ability
to
make
the
right
decision
rather
than
the
politically
convenient
decision.
K
The
ytl
bristol
arena
is
on
track
to
open
in
early
2024,
and
the
massive
attack
gig
showed
us
that
people
can
and
will
travel
from
all
parts
of
the
city
and
beyond
to
visit
repurposing.
The
aircraft
hangars
rather
than
building
a
city
center
arena
from
scratch
was
the
right
thing
to
do
for
the
environment,
using
the
footprint
and
fabric
of
the
existing
building
saves
21
400
cubic
meters
of
concrete
the
excavation
and
removal
of
28
000
cubic
meters
of
soil
and
the
manufacturing
and
transportation
of
4
000
tons
of
steel.
K
Contrast
this
with
ytl's
building
of
one
of
the
most
environmentally
sustainable
arenas
in
the
world,
with
solar
panels,
reused,
rain,
water
and
sustainable
and
a
sustainable
transport
plan
and,
of
course,
at
no
cost
to
the
taxpayer
on
social
care.
We've
been
tackling
the
crisis,
that
is
local
government
finance.
K
The
real
cost
of
covid
and
over
a
decade
of
austerity
mean
that
the
city
again
faces
the
challenge
of
an
underfunded
council
budget.
We're
working
through
the
numbers
right
now,
but
as
of
today,
we
have
a
potential
shortfall
of
42
million
pounds
that
may
lead
to
more
difficult
decisions
for
the
city.
Other
cities
have
similar
challenges.
K
Projected
shortfalls
in
other
core
cities
range
from
15
million
pounds
to
65
million
pounds.
Covid
has
accelerated
the
already
increasing
demand
for
adult
social
care.
At
the
same
time
as
the
cost
of
care
services
has
increased,
we've
had
a
21
increase
in
mental
health
demand
at
a
cost
of
4
million
pounds
a
year.
K
K
The
truth
is
that
no
intervention,
no
decision
comes
without
risk
and
cost,
but,
as
shirley
williams
said,
there
are
hazards
in
anything
one
does
but
greater
hazards
in
doing
nothing.
Bristol
is
a
city
of
42
square
miles.
We
aren't
getting
any
more
land.
We
have
a
residential
population
of
around
460
000
people,
which
is
expected
to
grow
to
550
000
people
by
2050..
K
The
population
grows
to
over
a
million
people.
When
the
workforce
travels
in
during
the
day,
we
have
more
than
15
000
people
on
our
housing
waiting
list
with
over
1
100
households
in
temporary
accommodation,
one
in
five
of
our
children
live
in
low-income
households
in
2015.
The
ronnie
me
trust
ranked
bristol,
as
the
seventh
worst
area
in
england
for
racial
inequality
and
went
on
to
say
that
ethnic
minorities
in
bristol
experience
greater
disadvantage
than
in
england,
wales,
in
education
and
employment.
K
While
almost
100
of
clifton
teenagers
progress
to
university.
It's
just
one
in
12,
in
hartcliffe,
almost
10
percent
of
our
households,
experience
fuel
poverty
and
four
percent
experience
moderate
to
severe
food
insecurity.
There
is
a
gap
in
healthy
years,
life
expectancy
of
around
16
years
between
the
richest
and
the
poorest
areas
of
bristol.
K
We
need
the
city
and
and
public
leaders
to
agree
and
hold
themselves
accountable
to
the
depth
and
complexity
of
these
challenges.
There
is
no
different
kind
of
reality.
Only
big
complex
challenges,
as
the
university
of
virginia's
professor
jerry
warburg,
said
you're
entitled
to
your
own
opinions,
not
your
own
facts.
We
are
not
entitled
to
our
own
reality.
K
Bristol
leadership
is
a
collective
act
and
our
city's
activism
has
been
a
key
part
of
that.
Our
activism
has
been
incredibly
valuable,
but
in
itself
that
is
not
enough
in
september's
full
council,
three
people
made
statements
each
in
turn.
The
first
argued
against
house
building
on
western
slopes
and
argued
against
urban
sprawl.
K
I
suggested
in
that
meeting
that
they
actually
talk
to
each
other,
because
all
three
made
an
argument
that
to
be
solved
would
require
compromise
from
the
other
two.
It's
fine
to
point
at
me,
but
what
we
need
is
the
city
to
engage
in
a
conversation
to
solve
the
complexity
of
the
problems
in
our
city.
We
all
need
to
work
together
and
be
on
receive
as
well
as
transmit,
and
I've
learned
these
lessons.
K
K
At
its
best,
activism
creates
the
conditions
for
and
builds
the
unlikely
alliances
that
make
more
radical
politics
possible.
In
1964
president
lyndon
b
johnson
succeeded
in
bringing
the
civil
rights
act
into
law.
Martin
luther
king
then
approached
johnson
congratulated
him
and
said
great
now
he
needs
a
voting
rights
act.
Johnson
told
king.
He
couldn't
do
it
as
he
cashed
in
all
his
political
capital
delivered
to
deliver
the
civil
rights
act.
K
K
K
K
K
I
sit
on
the
uk
city's
climate
investment
commission,
where
we
have
identified
over
200
billion
pounds
worth
of
decarbonisation
opportunities
across
the
core
cities
and
london.
This
year
I
was
asked
to
become
chair
of
the
local
government
association
city
regions
board.
I
also
sit
on
also
sat
on
the
archbishop
of
canterbury's
housing,
commission,
gordon
brown's
commission,
on
the
uk's
future
on
the
advisory
panel
for
the
work
foundation.
K
K
As
part
of
that
today,
we
can
announce
the
appointment
of
three
new
international
ambassadors
for
the
city,
people
who,
in
their
in
their
daily
business
and
their
travels,
will
go
out
with
a
mandate
to
represent
bristol
and
I'll
share
with
you
that
they
are
marty,
burgess,
a
partner
at
bev
and
britain
and
chair
of
black
southwest
network,
claire
reddington,
the
chief
executive
of
watershed
and
fouad
muhammad,
ceo
and
founder
of
ashley
community
housing.
And
I
welcome
you
to
the
role
and
I
know
you
will
all
promote
bristol
brilliantly
joining
our
existing
alumni
of
city
ambassadors.
K
I
want
to
finish
tonight
also
with
a
with
another
thanks
and
that's
to
members
of
the
bristol
history.
Commission
they've
shown
emotionally
intelligent
leadership
as
we've
navigated,
an
incredibly
challenging
time
in
bristol's
history.
Following
the
hauling
down
of
coulson
statue
last
year,
they
helped
put
together
an
excellent
display
in
the
m
shed
of
the
statue
received
and
are
processing
14
000
responses
to
their
survey
on
the
future
of
the
statue
in
the
future
of
how
we
deal
with
our
contentious
history.
K
K
Samuel
richardson
was
hung
by
the
british
in
1865,
not
far
from
kingston
in
jamaica.
In
warren
bay,
a
baptist
preacher
called
paul
bogle
led
the
rescue
of
a
black
man
who
had
been
arrested
for
trespassing
on
an
abandoned
former
sugar
plantation.
Hundreds
of
people
joined
him
as
he
led
a
call
for
reform.
K
My
great
great
great
grandfather
and
I've
thought
about
him
since
finding
out
who
he
was,
and
I've
reflected
on
what
he
would
have
been
feeling,
as
he
took
part
in
that
rebellion
as
he
stood
on
the
gallows
as
he,
whether
he
was
afraid
when
he
was
thinking
about
his
descendants
to
come,
whether
he
even
thought
about
his
great
great
great
grandson
and
that
discovery.
That
reflection
has
made
me
more
me,
and
I
want
to
encourage
you
all
to
join
in
this
project
as
we
share
it
with
the
city
to
uncover
your
own
family
histories.
K
K
K
We
must
make
space
for
alliances
and
bring
the
many
with
us
keeping
the
city
together
and
keeping
us
accountable
to
the
truth
and
the
true
nature
of
those
challenges.
We
must
be
solutions
focused
as
a
novelist
raymond
williams,
said,
to
be
truly
radical,
is
to
make
hope
possible
rather
than
despair
convincing.
So
let's
choose
hope.
Thank
you.
L
Thank
you
very
much
marvin
my
name's
andrew
kelly
from
bristol
ideas.
I'm
chairing
the
panel
session
that
we're
going
to
have
now
to
discuss
various
issues
that
came
up
in
marvin's
speech,
but
also
some
wider
issues
on
what
we
can
learn
from
others.
We're
delighted
to
have
with
us
again
a
marvelous
panel,
I'm
going
to
call
them
up
one
by
one.
First
of
all,
ian
golden
university
of
oxford,
an
author,
most
recently
of
rescue
from
global
crisis
to
a
better
world.
L
As
usual,
we
took
questions
in
advance
from
the
audience
and
we're
going
to
feed
some
of
those
questions
in
as
well
as
some
of
the
questions
that
have
arisen
from
the
session
tonight.
I
want
to
first
of
all
ask
the
question,
which
is
probably
most
on
people's
minds,
which
is:
how
do
we
create
something
better
beyond
covid?
L
How
do
we
build
that
better,
and
I
want
each
of
you
in
turn
to
comment
briefly
on
that,
but
also
reflect
perhaps
a
little
bit
on
what
marvin
and
where
youth
mayor
talked
about
and
I'll
start
with
you
liz
you,
your
your
project
is
about
thriving
places.
What
what
makes
a
thriving
place
in
this
post-covered
world.
C
C
What
matters-
and
I
think
increasingly-
and
I'm
very
excited
about
this-
because
you're
seeing
it
in
places
right
across
the
uk
increasingly
places,
are
recognizing
that
we
mustn't
build
back
what
we
had
before,
because
what
we
had
before
was
an
economic
system
that
is
designed
at
its
very
core
to
support
us
to
consume
ourselves
to
destruction
that
wonderful
poem
we
heard
earlier.
It's
it's
it's
designed
to
create
the
inequalities
that
marvin
so
eloquently
talked
about
earlier.
C
We're
going
to
be
brave
enough
to
do
things
differently
and
doing
things
differently.
Has
it
is
about
having
an
economy
that
says:
what's
it
all
for
the
economy,
politics,
business,
etc,
etc?
What's
it
all
for
it,
it's
there
to
support
us
and
our
planet
to
thrive
into
the
future,
so
we
need
to
make
that
the
end
goal
of
all
of
our
economic
activity,
and
if
we
start
at
that
root
cause
level,
then
all
these
other
things
start
making
sense
and
we
start
having
the
right
culture
at
the
heart
of
it.
L
M
It's
a
privilege
to
be
here
to
hear
the
mayor's,
really
wonderful
state
of
the
city
and
inspiring,
because
you
get
the
sense
that
we
had
a
crossroads.
This
is
either
going
to
be
a
time
when
we
have
deep
reflection
and
don't
bounce
back
or
forward
on
the
same
road.
That's
leading
us
over
precipice
and
hopefully
not
reset
to
the
operating
system.
M
M
So
this
isn't
over
this
crisis,
the
leaders
decided
to
create
a
totally
different
society,
a
welfare
state.
While
the
bombs
were
dropping
and
they
were
fighting
on
five
fronts.
They
had
the
wherewithal
to
think
about
not
repeating
the
cycle
that
had
brought
them
there
from
the
first
world
war.
Second
war
and
they
created
a
new
international
system
as
well.
The
united
nations,
the
britain
woods,
the
marshall
plan
and
then
churchill
backed
off.
You
know
he
wouldn't
embrace
the
welfare
state.
M
So
an
unknown
athlete
swept
him
out
of
office
in
the
biggest
landslide
that
labour's
ever
known
six
weeks
after
he
was
the
war
hero,
and
that
tells
me
two
things
one
is
you
can
have
the
vision
for
change
and
citizens
can
take
power
for
themselves
and
that's
the
moment.
I
think
we
in
this
huge
amount
wrong,
but
the
opportunity
for
change
is
now
and
if
we
don't
seize
this,
it
won't
come
again.
L
F
Actually,
I
would
like
to
draw
in
something
alice
said
as
well:
alison
marvin,
some
themes
been
in
berlin
for
seven
years
now.
I've
been
in
germany
for
seven
years
too,
and
I
would
say
the
themes
I
pull
out
of
it
that
were
so
powerful
consultation,
collaboration
and
compromise
compromise
is
often
frowned
upon,
but
it's
been
so
effective
in
berlin.
So
two
specific
examples
had
a
housing
referendum
recently
on
whether
berlin
should
reclaim
several
thousand
properties
from
investors
who
basis
came
in
to
speculate
on
property
that
referendum
passed
by
almost
60
percent.
F
Now
that's
extremely
powerful.
It's
not
binding
that
the
current
mayor,
the
amounts
coming
in
may
not
actually
implement
that
policy,
but
the
mayor
knows
there
is
a
desire
from
the
people
to
change
things
and
not
have
things
as
they
are
now.
That's
extremely
powerful
berlin's
got
a
history
of
doing
that.
The
other
thing
that's
really
important.
As
we've
seen,
we
all
know
the
rise
of
the
far
right.
There
may
be
some
in
the
audience
now
with
far-right
sensibilities.
F
I
do
not
share
them
the
far
right
and
the
democratic
threat
to
the
rule
of
law
and
the
beauty.
What
happened
in
berlin,
the
last
four
years,
is
that
people
from
across
biblical
spectrum
who
still
respect
the
rule
of
law
and
democracy
got
together.
You
had
church
communities,
you
had
nightclub
communities
getting
together,
marching
protesting
with
the
result
that
the
far-right
vote
in
berlin
dropped
from
14
to
7
in
just
four
years.
F
That
was
because
of
investigative
journalism,
direct
action,
collaboration,
compromise
consultation,
so
important,
and
to
have
that
statistic
to
brandy
around
the
country
to
talk
to
people
in
germany
about
this,
but
also
in
bristol
activism
works
when
you
have
shared
progressive
values.
When
I
say
progressive,
I'm
not
saying
you
should
be
progressive
in
all
aspects,
I'm
saying
progressive,
a
sense
of
how
do
we
move
forward?
How
do
we
live
together?
Berlin
is
not
perfect
by
any
means,
but
in
these
two
respects
it's
been
absolutely
exemplary,
and
I
hope
these
are
lessons
that
are
useful
to
bristol.
L
H
N
N
Having
worked
in
racial
justice
for
the
last
10-15
years,
if
I'm
being
honest
at
the
beginning
of
the
crisis,
I
could
have
easily
predicted
the
disproportional
impact
that
will
emerge
out
of
it,
because
that
was
the
reality
in
terms
of
data.
If
you
had
to
look
at
racial
inequality
across
all
the
policy
areas,
so
to
actually
see
black
minority
ethnic
communities,
the
poorest
disabled
people
being
disproportionately
impacted,
I
don't
think
it
was
a
surprise.
N
N
If
you're
middle
class
and
professional,
you
made
a
lot
of
money
out
of
savings
because
you
work
comfortably
from
your
house,
so
I
don't
think
the
system
is
broken.
I
think
the
system
is
okay
for
a
lot
of
people,
but
it
doesn't
for
most
now.
The
key
question
is:
are
we
bold
enough
to
change
that
brutally
honest?
I
don't
think
so.
I
think
even
coming
out.
I
hear
the
notion
about
building
back
better,
but
we're
pretty
much
going
back
to
that.
We're
very
quick.
N
I
think
in
terms
of
bristol
we've
kind
of
moved
forward
and
I
feel
proud
of
bristol-
and
that
is
the
leadership
that
exists
in
bristol
and
marvin
has
clearly
articulated
that
and
he's
done
that
consistently,
not
shying
away
from
the
injustice
and
the
inequality
that
we
have.
But
I
don't
think
it
will
rely
on
the
local
authority
or
the
leadership
of
the
mayor
to
solve
the
challenges
that
we
have
in
the
city.
N
I
think
it
needs
all
of
us
collectively
to
actually
understand
accept
that.
Yes,
we
have
a
broken
system,
but
we
can
also
re-imagine
to
build
something
that
is
different,
something
that
is
viable
and
if
there's
a
place
that,
I
think
can
do
that.
I
genuinely
think
bristol
can
do
that,
but
we
need
I'm
an
activist,
but
I
also
agree
with
your
challenge
coming
up
with
solutions,
but
I
trust
that
we
can
do
that,
but
we
just
need
to
be
brutally
honest.
N
L
K
Is
it
I
I
we
we
had
someone
brought
a
comment
to
full
council
recently
in
about
climate,
and
the
point
I
made
was
that
it's
not
about
t-shirts
and
banners.
It's
about
cash
and
project
plans
right
what's
missing
in
cop,
and
I-
and
I
will
share
this
as
a
point
of
concern
for
me-
we've
had
two
years
to
get
ready
for
this
all
right.
The
climate
strategy
was
launched
yesterday,
there's
been
not
one
conversation
with
the
uk
called
cities
right
where
these
are
the
ten
biggest
cities
outside
london.
You
add
london
to
that.
K
If
you
want
to
decarbonize
the
uk
and
economy
decarbonise
our
city
economies,
there
has
been
no
conversation
so
we're
finding
out
about
the
government's
climate
strategy
yesterday
with
everyone
else.
When
actually
what
should
have
happened,
we
should
have
sat
around.
You
could
have
convened
us
easily,
myself,
nick
forbes,
from
newcastle,
hugh
thomas
richard
lee's,
in
in
manchester.
We
had
a
common
sat
round.
We
just
said
this
is
what
it
takes
to
carbonize
our
city.
We've
done
all
the
pre-work,
with
our
universities
and
so
forth.
We
had
a
saturday
with
the
government.
K
We
could
laid
out
the
project
plan
and
the
timeline
for
decarbonization.
They
would
get
about
a
conversation,
but
by
the
time
they
got
to
cop,
they
could
have
announced
a
decarbonization
of
uk
cities
and
I'll
say
what
it's
even
less
forgivable.
That
didn't
happen,
and
I'm
not
saying
it's
about
me.
I'm
really,
but
I
did
participate
in
an
all-party
parliamentary
group.
Last
year
on
cop
about
sub-national
actors.
K
K
So
so
greg
will
say
that
hsbc
is
earmarked
a
trillion
dollars
for
decarbonization.
Their
challenge
is:
how
can
we
spend
it?
They
can't
land
it
because
of
all
sorts
of
challenges
about
scale
and
the
ability
of
places
to
get
their
their
opportunities
market
ready.
That's
again,
that's
a
challenge
about
finance.
You
can
pay
1500
quid
a
day
for
a
consultant
that
will
get
you
a
billion
pound
project,
ready,
that's
how
much
they
cost.
But
when
you
start
talking
about
taking
those
consultants
on
people
get
annoyed
about
it,
but
that's
the
pathway
there.
L
M
Well,
as
the
mayor
indicated,
the
futures
in
cities-
fortunately,
city
mayors
tend
to
be
much
more
forward.
Thinking
than
many
national
politicians.
Often
they
don't
have
the
purse
strings
they
need
and
the
pandemic
is
challenging
the
the
cities
in
very
deep
ways,
not
only
because
it's
increased
all
the
inequalities,
but
also
people
rich
people
are
fleeing
cities
in
some
cases,
so
places
like
new
york,
london
and
so
on
are
suffering.
Civilian
public
transport
systems
are
under
pressure.
My
own
view
is
that
we
need
much
more
devolution
to
cities.
M
So
that
is
going
to
pose
a
massive
question.
The
only
solution
is
going
to
be
massive
increase
in
investment
and
go
back
to
where's
the
money
going
to
come
from
it's
going
to
have
to
come
from
taxation
systems
at
the
national
level.
Cities
generate
the
wealth,
but
they
don't
keep
it
that
gets
taxed
nationally
and
that's
the
that's.
The
challenge
is
to
allow
cities
to
keep
more
of
the
wealth
they
generate.
L
Thank
you.
I
want
to
take
us
on
to
questions
we
had
about
inequality
and
I'll.
Ask
each
of
the
panel
members
to
comment
on
this
first
museum.
You
you,
I
wonder
how
many
people
in
this
audience
went
to
eaton.
Did
anybody
go
to
eaton
put
your
hand
up
you
see
you
went
to
eaton
you've
seen
that
kind
of
education.
What
what
makes
a?
F
My
concern
with
the
class
system
in
the
uk
at
the
moment
is
you
have
a
vast
amount
of
influence
held
by
an
increasingly
vanishingly
small
proportion
of
population.
That
is
bad,
for
so
many
reasons:
a
lack
of
vision,
the
lack
of
forward-thinking
perspectives.
It's
what
donald
rumsfeld,
you
know
who
has
many
problems.
The
only
time
I
ever
quote
him
approvingly
was
only
talk
to
the
unknown
unknowns
and
the
big
problem
with
that
is.
F
When
you
don't
know
the
things
you
don't
know,
and
that
is
the
biggest
problem,
the
single
biggest
problem,
the
fatal
problem
of
the
private
school
system.
You
can,
you
can
talk
about
hearts
and
minds
as
much
as
you
like,
but
it
remains
a
lasting
shame
of
the
conservative
party.
The
first
time
in
duncan
smith,
fully
engaged
with
the
issue
of
poverty
was
when
he
had
left
office
as
the
leader
of
his
party.
He
ran
for
the
office
of
prime
minister
without
actually
understanding
the
poverty
of
the
people.
F
F
So
I
speak
of
housing
and
the
private
school
system
and
the
the
way
it
clutches
opportunity
to
itself
and
funnels
opportunities
to
the
richest
is
a
problem
that
will
only
grow
over
time.
It's
got
worse,
since
I
was
at
that
school.
It
will
get
worse
in
the
years
to
come.
If
we
don't
do
something
about
it,.
L
C
So
when
we
developed
it,
we
were
very,
very
careful
to
make
sure
that
we
were
saying
you
know
what
are
the:
what
are
the
things
that
help
to
support
a
place
to
thrive
at
a
local
level,
so
what
the
condition?
How
do
we
create
the
conditions
for
people
to
thrive,
but,
really
importantly,
how
do
we
do
that
equitably
so
that
you're
not
just
improving
the
lives
of
a
few
people,
which
is
what
happens
in
far
too
many
places?
And
how
do
you
do
it
sustainably?
C
So
future
generations
can
also
thrive,
but
I
think
when
we're
talking
about
inequality,
we've
got
this
there's
two
elements.
One
is
that
systemic
thing
that
I
think
pretty
much
all
of
us
have
talked
about.
The
system
itself
is
designed
to
make
a
few
people,
as
we've
heard,
billionaires,
get
richer
and
richer
and
and
to
divide
and
conquer
the
rest
of
us.
C
It
is
absolutely
designed
for
that
syste
for
that
end
and
for
us
to
consume
too
much
so
there's
a
huge
systemic
challenge,
which
I
I
think
can
be
really
disarming,
but
I
do
think
cities
have
got
an
extraordinary
opportunity
and
bristol
is
very
much
at
a
point
in
the
history
where
it
could
do
this,
where
you
have
to
make
that
kind
of
culture
change
where
you
say.
Actually,
we
know
we
need
more
money.
C
We
know
we
need
more
power,
we
need
all
of
those
things,
but
we
can't
wait
for
all
of
those
things
to
be
handed
to
us.
So
we
will
ourselves
decide
that
we
will
collectively
say
these
are
our
priorities.
Equality
is
our
priority.
Climate
change
is
our
priority.
We'll
put
those
things
first,
we
will
not
put,
and
you
know
endless
amounts
of
growing
gdp
first,
and
I
think
part
of
that
is-
and
this
is
going
to
sound
a
bit
pedantic,
but
part
of
that
is
language,
because
language
is
unbelievably
powerful.
C
C
Value
is,
is
about
something
that
matters
to
us
and
if
it
doesn't
matter
to
to
society
into
the
planet,
what
the
hell
are
we
talking
about,
having
any
value,
even
things
like
affordable
housing,
I
mean
the
idea
that
we
we
have
a
world
where
housing
is
completely
inaffordable
is
if
we
stop
and
think
about
the
language
that
we
use.
I
think
it's
it's
really
important,
even
even
you
know,
with
all
due
respect
the
the
title
of
today's
event
was
about.
You
know,
bristol's
ambition
to
be
a
tolerant
city.
C
You
know,
when
you
talk
to
your
children,
you
don't
want
them
to
be
tolerant
of
other
people,
you
want
them
to
be
embracing
of
it.
Tolerance
is
the
first
step
and
it's
an
important
first
step.
I
recognize
that
we
want
to
get.
We
need
bigger
ambition
than
that.
We
want
to
get
way
past,
tolerating
each
other
and
starting
to
really
appreciate,
respecting
and
valuing
the
incredible
luck
we
have
to
live
in
such
a
diverse
city
and
the
opportunities
that
gives
us
on
every
possible
level.
C
I
don't
want
my
kids
or
anyone
else's
kids
to
learn
to
have
an
ambition
to
tolerate
other
people.
I
want
them
to
get
beyond
that,
so
I
think
we
need
to
start
reclaiming
that
language
and
putting
at
the
front
and
center
of
our
ambitions
as
individuals
as
communities,
but
also
cities
and
show
the
rest
of
them
the
way
show
national
governments
the
way
show
show
those
people
who
are
being
blind
to
the
opportunities
that
the
current
crisis
has
given
us.
How
a
different
world
is
possible,
hope
marvin
said
it
at
the
end.
L
N
I
generally
think,
if
you
think
about
what
is
happening
in
london
and
the
changes
that
have
happened
in
education,
especially
in
a
city
in
london,
is
significant
and
huge,
and
the
reason
for
that
is
because
of
leadership
and
intentionality
in
london
to
actually
fix
the
education
system.
For
the
first
time
you
have
a
school
in
newark.
They
actually
sent
more
kids
to
oxford
and
cambridge
than
eaton,
so
it
is
possible,
it's
not
about
inner
city
or
anything,
but
it's
about
being
deeply
intentional.
N
It's
about
investment
and
it's
about
teaching,
and
if
we
just
did
that
in
our
education
system,
then
we
can
achieve
that.
So
I
just
wanted
to
add
that
around
education,
because
it
is
happening
in
london
and
it
is
possible,
I
think,
coming
back
to
inclusive
economic
growth.
Personally,
from
an
organizational
perspective,
it
just
started
from
a
place
where
I
thought
most
of
the
issues
that
we
were
talking
about,
whether
we're
talking
about
criminal
justice
or
all
the
issues
that
we're
really
stemming
from
a
place
of
pretty
much
economic
inequality.
N
N
And
I
think
it
was
just
going
back
and
saying
and
we
did
a
piece
of
research
with
entrepreneurs,
and
I
could
see
the
level
of
talent
and
ambition
that
existed
in
the
community
and
just
started
from
that
place.
But
what
do
we
actually
need
to
help
these
entrepreneurs
to
get
to
the
place
that
they
wanted
to
get
to?
What
do
we
need
to
do,
and
I
think
that
pretty
much
defined
a
work
and
I
can
honestly
say
we
had
a
program
around.
N
So
I
guess
what
I'm
saying
and
seeing
in
the
city
there
is
so
much
potential,
but
sometimes
that
potential
is
not
seen
because
a
lot
of
people
don't
really
understand
and
people
who
are
making
decisions,
and
I
think
we
need
to
move
away
from
that.
But
I
also
feel
from
the
space
that
we're
in.
We
need
to
think
radically.
How
do
we
also
build
the
infrastructure
within
communities
to
develop
a
different
kind
and
drive
a
different
kind
of
economic
growth?
That
is
more
secular?
That
is
more
within
communities
that
I
think
in
the
long
term.
N
L
Thank
you,
marvin.
I
want
to
bring
you
in
in
one
of
the
questions
we
had
was
about
the
the
actual
role
of
the
mayor
itself,
and
I
want
to
put
it
in
the
context
of
you
know.
When
the
system
was
set
up,
the
kind
of
powers
you
were
allocated
were
fairly
limited.
Well,
you
weren't,
but
the
mayoral
system.
What
kind
of
powers
do
you
really
want
as
mayor
and
that
you
could
that?
Could
you
could
help
deliver
what
you
want.
K
And,
of
course,
I'm
joking
right
tweeting
that
someone
would
tweet
it.
No
two
honestly,
you
know
we
asked
this.
What
more
powers
do
we
want
through
devolution
right?
I
think
one
of
the
one
of
the
most
powerful
things
we
can
get,
irrespective
of
before
you
start
switching
power
around
is
long-term,
predictable,
finance
right.
It's
the
last
minute
announcements.
K
Here's
a
funding
part
here!
This
is
the
way
national
funding
works,
so
it
doesn't
allow
you
to
plan
if
we
could
plan
right.
If
I
could,
if
bristol
city
council
could
plan
and
say,
look
everybody,
this
is
the
next
10-year
financial
journey.
We're
going
to
be
on.
This
is
where
we're
going
to
be
investing
then
actually
unlocks
a
lot
of
things.
It
means
that
the
universities
could
plan
housing
developers,
could
plan
police
will
plan
health
service
could
plan
because
we
become
a
much
more
stable
local
partner.
We
become
more
predictable.
K
K
So,
but
if
we
could
come
to
a
way
of
doing
local
government
finance,
that
was
certain
predictable,
stable,
there's
a
lot
of
untapped
power
locally,
and
I
mean
place-based
power,
not
local
government
power.
That
would
then
be
unleashed.
People
would
have
confidence
to
take
more
risk
because
they
know
where
we
were
going
to
be
in
in
three
five
years
and
as
they
begin
to
take
risks
and
plan
and
leverage
their
own
resources.
Good
things
happen
for
the
place.
I
I
must
say
so.
K
K
Cardiff
will
get
well
they're,
wales,
but
say
plymouth
will
get
theirs.
Manchester
will
get
theirs
and
we'll
all
go
on
a
beauty
parade
trying
to
get
this
money.
It's
zero
sun,
some
get
it
some.
Don't
so
you've
put
lots
of
hours
into
the
application.
You
lost
that's
this
kind
of
waste
of
time,
maybe
getting
it.
That
literally
happened
around
feeding
hungry
kids.
A
couple
years
ago
we
have
a
fantastic
structure
to
feed
kids
in
the
city
with
feeding
bristol
food
banks.
Ourselves
government
put
a
few
million
quid
on
the
table.
We
got
nothing.
K
Plymouth
got
the
money
now.
My
point
is
we
don't
want
to
succeed
because
plymouth
lost,
we
don't
want
plymouth
to
we.
You
know,
that's
not
what
we
wanted,
but
we
still
have
hungry
kids,
and
so
no
national
government
money
came
to
support
angry
kids.
Amazingly,
what
happened
in
bristol
was
that
the
business
community
stepped
up.
So
we
put
some
money
in
the
pot
andy
street.
We
convened
that
burgess
salmon
business
we
put
125
quid
thousand
pound
on
the
table
from
ourselves
and
about
60.
000
meals
went
out
to
hungry
kids
a
couple
of
summers
ago.
M
Well,
I
think
the
you
know,
the
the
business
world
is
very
driven
by
courtly
reports
by
shareholder
pressures
by
the
stock
markets,
and
they
are
becoming
more
and
more
short-term.
When
you
see
this
in
the
life
of
ceos
which
are
shorter
and
shorter,
so
they're
not
making
the
long-term
investments
and
one
of
the
reasons
we
have
these
supply
chain
crises
that
we're
seeing
at
the
moment
is
because
people
were
just
kicking
it
down
the
road,
this
just
in
time,
mentality
where
anything.
M
That's
spare
capacity,
whether
it's
a
spare
person
or
whether
it's
a
spare
part
with
something
in
a
warehouse,
whether
it's
a
spare
supplier,
where
that's
regarded
as
a
bad
thing
in
the
mbas
and
the
business
practices,
is
part
of
the
problem.
We
should
be
regarding
spare
capacity
the
ability
to
absorb
shocks
to
bounce
back
as
a
great
strength,
but
it's
regarded
as
a
great
weakness
in
terms
of
accounting
practices.
This
spare.
So
that's
a
problem
in
in
the
private
sector,
in
the
public
sector.
M
Less
money
is
spent
on
pandemic
prevention
than
is
spent
on
one
major
hospital
or
one
major
frigate
in
the
navy,
when
any
intelligence
agency
will
tell
you
that
the
risk
to
all
of
our
lives
is
thousands
of
times
greater
from
a
pandemic
than
it
is
from
a
war,
but
we
spend
you
know
20
000
times
more
on
war.
Why?
M
F
I
think
I
felt
like
berlin
was
created
to
destroy
that
myth
of
german
bureaucracy
being
successful.
But
what
I
will
say
is
this:
when
looking
at
what
we
need
to
do
to
move
forward
as
a
city
and
berlin
as
a
country
in
germany,
I
always
think
we
need
to
do
the
opposite
of
what
rich
people
are
doing.
So
if
richard
are
blasting
off
into
space
and
ignoring
the
rest
of
the
people,
we
need
to
get
hyper
local
and
one
of
the
most
impressive
things
that
germany
did.
F
That
berlin
did
was
providing
a
vaccine
to
homeless
people,
providing
johnson
and
johnson
single
shot
vaccine
to
homeless
people,
it's
care
for
the
homeless,
and
it
can
do
things
better,
but
I
think
the
one
thing
the
city
does
so
well
is
that
kind
of
planning
in
terms
of
housing
we
want
to
say,
affordable,
housing,
say
joyful,
housing,
berlin
is
quite
good
at
provide.
I
mean
it's
got
a
housing
crisis
at
the
moment.
One
thing
it's
done
quite
well,
I
think,
compared
to
most
european
cities
is
protecting
the
long-term,
renting
rights
of
people
in
property.
F
So
they
can
plan
their
family
life
as
autonomy.
It's
really
quite
good
with
child
care,
health
care
really
good
benefit
systems
there
again
the
long
term
planning
that
marvin's
talking
about.
So
you
can
look
at
your
family
and
say
well
actually
10
15
years
from
now.
I
can
be
living
like
this
and
it
can
actually
plan
your
living,
and
I
think
the
problem
with
with
london
in
particular,
I
hope
bristol
hasn't
fallen.
Foul
of
that
is
the
costs
are
so
horrifying
the
cost
of
living.
Even
if
you've
got
a
mortgage
you
can
afford.
F
L
C
I
massively
do,
of
course,
what
I'm
saying
is
those
are
stepping
stones
to
something
else,
and
perhaps
that
is
a
good
lead-in
to
the
notion
of
a
transition.
I
think
we
do
need
a
transition,
but
I
think
we
need
a
very
urgent
transition,
so
transition
seems
like
we've
got
plenty
of
time,
I'm
a
huge,
huge
fan
of
very
courageous
leadership.
That
says
this
is
the
direction
of
travel.
C
Hence
the
language
thing
like:
let's,
let's
aim
big
and
then
start
moving
as
fast
as
we
can
towards
it,
and
I
think
so
that
so
so,
the
in
many
of
you
have
probably
heard
in
wales
they
have.
They
passed
this
piece
of
legislation
called
the
future
generations
act
which
basically
put
into
law
well
sort
of
legislative
space.
The
idea
that
every
bit
of
public
money
had
to
think
about
and
justify
its
its
existence,
based
on
the
capacity
for
it
to
improve
the
well-being
of
current
and
future
generations.
C
We
didn't
know
how
to
deliver
this,
but
actually
by
putting
it
out
there
by
putting
out
there
that
this
is
our
aim.
It
had
us
this
sort
of
cultural
change
effect
throughout
the
whole
system
that
people
had
to
start
thinking
long
term.
They
had
to
start
thinking
about
not
just
tomorrow.
You
know
whether
or
not
they
had
the
funding
for
it.
It
caused
lots
of
problems,
but
it's
also,
I
think,
really
changed
hearts
and
minds
in
the
system
across
that
country
and
I
think
a
lot
of
the
powerful
changes
we're
seeing
in
other
countries.
C
You
know
in
new
zealand
when
jacinda
hearn
just
said
you
know
what
we're
this.
You
know
we
might
be
able
to
sync
with
the
rest
of
the
world,
but
we're
we
are
setting
forth
our
budget.
That
is
a
well-being
budget
and
the
money
is
spent
when
it
is,
can
show
that
it
will
improve
people's
lives
now
and
in
the
future,
and
it's
that
kind
of
bold.
This
is
where
we're
going.
We
don't
care
whether
that's
politically
trendy,
there's
a
lot
lesser.
You
go
about
it,
it's
compromise.
I
love
that
word
right,
the
beginning.
C
Let's
you
know
it's,
it's
it,
let's,
let's
put
it
out
there
and
then
start
getting
there.
So
I
think
the
justness
of
the
transition
needs
to
be
about
us
collectively
genuinely
putting
forward
some
very
ambitious
goals
and
then
collectively
getting
behind
it,
whatever
our
color
our
background,
our
class
or
anything
else.
So
I
think
you
know
the
just
transition
requires
us
all
to
be
leaders.
We
can't,
I
really
agree,
it's
very
easy
to
stand
around
waving,
a
finger
at
marvin,
whether
you're,
a
counselor
or
anybody
else.
C
Of
course,
I'm
sure
I've
waved
my
the
odd
finger
at
marvin,
if
we're
honest,
but
you
know,
of
course
that's
an
easy
step
to
take,
but
every
single
person
in
this
room
needs
to
be
the
leader
that
says
in
my
business
in
my
family
and
my
community.
This
is
where
we're
going
and
let's
try
and
support
each
other
to
get
there.
So
I
think
the
transition
is
needs
to
be
urgent
and
brave.
N
The
end
that
we're
trying
to
fix-
and
I
think
that's
happening
already
so
the
key
is
how
do
we
meaningfully
engage
people,
and
part
of
that
will
be
to
achieve
just
transition,
will
again
be
very
much
based
on
deeply
understanding,
inequality
and
injustice.
That's
really
built
within
our
system
and
make
sure
that
communities,
and
especially
people
who
will
be
impacted.
The
most
are
not
again
left
behind
and
we're
trying
to
fix
this
five
years,
ten
years
down
the
line
when
we're
actually
in
the
midst
of
a
crisis,
so
that
engagement
would
be
crucial.
L
Now,
at
the
end
of
em
marvin's
speech,
he
quoted
raymond
williams,
which
was
rather
out
because
it's
the
100th
anniversary
raymond
williams
birth
this
year
and
he
said
to
be
truly
radical-
is
to
make
hope
possible
rather
than
despair.
Convincing,
and
I
want
to
ask
each
of
the
panel
members
to
tell
us
how
we
make
hope
possible
rather
than
despair,
convincing,
sorry
convincing,
but
I'm
going
to
give
them
a
little
bit
of
time
to
think
about
it.
L
I've
got
one
question
for
you:
marvin,
which
is
have
you
thought
about
replicating
the
work
that
liz
talked
about
in
wales
with
the
future
generations?
Commission,
it's
something
that
we've
been
looking
at
a
lot
sophie.
How
the
commissioner
has
spoken
a
number
of
times
in
bristol
is
this
something
that
you
think
might
be
a
good
way
of
looking
at
the
futures
for
for
a
city
like
bristol.
D
K
K
That's
like
saying
it's,
not
a
city
council
plan,
it's
a
space
that
we
hope
people
can
join
all
the
thematic
boards
and
drive
ideas
in
so
that
we
collectively
agree
what
we
want
to
be
in
2050..
But
I
mean
the
statement
for
bristol
is
to
be
in
2050
a
city
of
hope
that
wasn't
my
words.
Those
were
words
that
came
from
conversations
with
the
city,
so
I
think
there's
there's
every
way
I'd
be
interested
to
get
some
more
on
the
background
of
it
to
say
it
was
practically
applied.
M
There's
so
many
reasons
to
be
careful
and
hopeful.
I
mean
the
vaccines
being
done
in
nine
months,
where
it
took
10
years
before
the
fact
that
I
think
we
were
vaccinated
in
the
room
and
that
we
see
these
incredible
acts
of
solidarity.
The
nurses,
the
doctors,
the
care
workers
that
go
and
put
themselves
on
the
line,
every
time,
they're
working
into
work,
and
so
many
other
essential
workers
that.
M
What
makes
me
hopeful,
too,
is
that
governments
are
doing
things
now
that
would
have
been
unimaginable.
In
january,
2020.
conservatives
putting
a
third
of
workers
on
on
furlough
telling
firms
they
can't
go
bankrupt
because
it's
in
the
national
interest
that
makes
me
hopeful.
What
doesn't
make
me
hopeful
is
that
they
reverse
the
universal
credit.
What
makes
me
hopeful
too,
is
that,
when
I
think
of
the
alternative,
which
is
going
back
to
business
as
usual,
I
get
really
really
scared.
You
know
we're
gonna
have
another
pandemic,
we're
gonna
have
escalating
climate
change
and
things.
M
So,
although
change
seems
scary,
it's
far
less
scary
and
much
more
optimistic
than
staying
as
you
are
because
we
stand,
you
are
you
condemned,
but
if
you
can
change,
if
you
can
move,
if
you
can
do
things
differently,
you
create
a
new
world
in
your
life
for
yourself
and
for
others
around
you.
So
all
of
those
things
make
me
helpful.
They've
been
incredible
experiences
that
I
think
we've
all
had
in
the
pandemic,
which
have
changed.
C
I
think
you
know
we
we
set
up
the
center
for
thriving
places
of
12
years
ago
and
chose
to
do
this
work
in
places
because
we
thought
that's
where
the
change
would
happen
and
my
hope
comes
from
the
fact
we're
now
12
years
later,
starting
to
see
exactly
that
happen,
you
know
places
around
the
country
are
sitting
there,
trying
to
write
an
economic
recovery
plan
and
going
hang
on
a
minute.
I
don't
want
to
write
the
same
economic
recovery
plan,
I've
written
for
the
last
half
many
years.
I
want
to
do
this
differently.
C
How
do
we
do
this
differently
and
we're
seeing
that
you
know
people
getting
on
the
phone
and
saying
you
know
we
thought
we
had
to
start
with
a
blank
piece
of
paper,
but
actually
you've
done
an
awful
lot
of
the
work
for
us.
How
do
we
do
this
and
we're
not
alone
in
that
you
know.
There's
an
amazing
organization
called
the
wellbeing
economy
alliance,
which
is
very
handily
called
wheel,
which
is
very
nice
catch
all,
but
you
know
the
p:
they
are
getting
people
from
all
over
the
world.
C
You
know
cities,
regions,
countries
coming
forward
and
saying
we
want
to
switch
to
an
economy
that
is
based
on
delivering
for
people
and
planet,
and
that
was
just
such
a
distant
dream
12
years
ago,
and
I
completely
agree
with
ian
that
suddenly,
we've
realized
that
what
seemed
impossible
even
two
years
ago
is
now
possible.
So
the
combination
of
the
fact
that
we
know
that
we
can
do
extraordinary
things
almost
overnight
in
some
cases
you
know
the
idea
of
the
things
we've
managed
to
do
last
year
is
extraordinary.
C
The
combination
of
that-
and
this
kind
of
I
think,
a
real
moment
of
realization
around
the
world
that
we
need
a
different
type
of
economy
and
that
places
you
know
we
weren't
wrong
12
years
ago.
Places
and
cities
are
taking
the
lead
and
have
this
opportunity.
I'm
really
I'm
genuinely
hopeful.
I'm
terrified.
Aren't
we
all
because
we're
in
an
extraordinary
point
in
history,
but
I'm
really
really
hopeful.
N
N
N
F
Thank
you
and
musa
yeah.
I
think
so.
Germans
have
a
kind
of
a
thick
vein
of
pessimism
that
pass
through
societies
when
the
results
came
out
of
the
election.
There's
a
lot
of
despondency
and
I
said
to
them,
hang
on
a
minute.
If
someone
has
said
to
you
that
if
someone
said
to
mid
2017
that
they
would
mobilize
10
times
as
many
people
for
anti-fascist
marches
as
fascist
marches
on
the
streets
of
berlin,
you'd
have
said
no
way.
F
If
someone
has
said
to
you
that
in
one
of
the
most
frankly
racist
regions
of
the
country
where
the
far-right
is
a
real
real
problem,
a
local
politician
on
a
progressive
platform
would
defeat
one
of
the
highest
profile
far-right
conspiracy.
First
politicians
in
a
head-to-head
poll
you'd
have
said
no
way
at
all,
but
what
happened
was
good
people
from
across
the
political
spectrum
that
respected
the
rule
of
law
and
democracy
and
autonomy,
and
empathy
and
compassion
really
fought
back
that
all
happened
and
the
reason
they
did
it
is
the
lizard's
point.
F
It
was
the
language
right,
they
weren't
an
anti-fascist
protest.
They
were
a
love
march,
a
love
parade
when
the
anti
when
the
fascists
were
marching
outside
the
reichstag,
people
got
together
and
said.
Actually
we
represent
love.
We
represent
indivisibility
and
common
purpose,
and
the
reason
I
feel
hopeful
is
because
this
terrifying
political
moment
has
forced
people
to
evaluate
what
truly
matters
across
the
spectrum
politics
across
the
spectrum,
regardless
of
wealth,
color,
sexuality,
identity,
it's
forced
people
to
look
at
what
identity.
F
K
Yeah,
well
I
I
mean
I
like
hope.
I
I
I've
made
often
shared
my
distinction
between
being
hopeful
and
optimistic,
and
it's
one
that
I
think.
If
I'm
not
butchering
it,
desmond
tutu
made
not
being
an
optimist,
I
sometimes
find
optimism
quite
a
kind
of
a
political
phrase
but
hope
there's
a
there's,
a
passage.
I've
used
a
lot
right.
We
don't
despise
our
sufferings
because
suffering
produces
perseverance,
perseverance,
character
and
character.
K
Hope
and
I
like
hope,
because
actually
it
reckons
with
the
fact
that
there
is
suffering
in
life,
but
if
we
can
and
actually
in
many
ways,
we
all
know
that
suffering
can
be
the
source
of
character,
and
that
is
where
you
know
where
our
hope
is
that
we
we
prove
our
our
perseverance.
So
that's.
Why
that's
one
of
the
reasons
we,
you
know:
we've
kind
of
fallen
in
love
with
the
term
for
bristol.
L
L
Secondly,
thank
you
to
the
university
of
bristol.
It
is
quite
moving
actually
having
organized
hundreds
and
hundreds
of
events
over
the
years,
then
done
no
live
events
for
nearly
19
months
to
see
a
live
audience
back
and
although
we
are
making
our
way
slowly
and
we
can't
have
full
capacity.
Yet
it's
been
fantastic
to
see
you
all
here
tonight
and
thank
you
very
much
for
coming.
L
Thirdly
to
hugh
brady
for
introducing
the
evening
to
alice
the
youth
mayor
for
her
visionary
presentation
and
to
caleb
the
city
parent
and
thank
you
caleb
for
your
collection
of
poems,
which
is
which
is
a
fantastic
book.
I
should
add
that
if
you
want
to
know
more
about
the
work
particularly
of
ian
and
musa,
we
have
conducted
a
lengthier
interview
with
both
of
them
about
their
work
and
that's
available
on
the
festival
of
the
bristol
ideas
website,
our
crowdcast
platform
ian's.
We
did
a
few
months
ago
and
muses.
L
We
actually
did
last
night
and
we
go
into
great
detail
there
in
terms
of
the
work
they're
doing,
and
I
also
encourage
you
to
read
their
work.
And
if
you
go
down
to
watershed
tomorrow,
and
we
do
have
our
friends
at
waterstones
who
have
a
fully
stocked
bookshop
there
with
the
work
of
the
authors,
thank
you
very
much
marvin.