►
Description
From the organizers:
Housing 101 provides a broad overview of the housing landscape in Vermont, including the needs, funding, policies, priorities and agencies involved in ensuring all people have safe, decent affordable housing. The overview uses data, stories, experiences and resources from the agencies, committees and people that make up Vermont’s housing continuum.
Organized by Vermont Housing Finanace Authority.
For more Information: https://www.vhfa.org/
11/16/2022
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A
Welcome
to
housing
101.
My
name
is
David
Martins
I'm,
the
director
at
the
Vermont,
affordable,
housing,
Coalition
we've,
those
of
you
who
don't
know
about
vahc.
We
are
a
Statewide
Coalition
of
over
90
members,
which
is
made
up
of
non-profit
organizations,
housing
developers,
individual
members
of
every
Walk
of
Life,
and
we
always
want
to
see
it
grow.
So
if
you've
not
heard
of
us
and
you're,
not
a
member
I
certainly
encourage
you
to
become
one.
A
If
we
were
on
Zoom,
we
would
probably
go
around
and
spend
an
hour
introducing
ourselves
saying
saying
our
name
and
our
favorite
animal
or
some
other
kind
of
Icebreaker.
But
we
are
curious
to
know
just
generally
speaking,
how
many
of
you
are
here
who
are
working
for
a
Housing
Organization
or
a
housing
practitioner
of
some
flavor.
A
A
Well,
the
guy's
so
excited
he
goes
out
and
he
gets
right
to
work
and
the
first
week
he
works
like
a
60-hour
work
week
turns
in
all
the
paperwork
and
the
guy
just
writes
a
check,
doesn't
even
look
at
the
paperwork
weeks
go
by.
He
continues
in
this
project
and,
as
the
weeks
go
by,
he
realizes
this
guy's.
Just
writing
me
checks.
A
A
A
First
of
all,
because
it's
about
housing
and
that's
why
we're
all
here,
but
also
because
you
know
the
talented
man
was
unknowingly
building
his
own
house
and
when
we
ask
ourselves,
how
do
we
get
into
this
housing
crisis
because
we
built
it
over
30
years
of
not
keeping
up
with
development
and
keeping
up
with
new
construction
as
we
needed
and
all
the
other
elements
of
life
in
our
society
that
has
contributed
to
this,
but
we
unknowingly
we're
building
our
own
house
and
now
we're
living
in
it.
Right.
A
Today,
because
we
continue
to
build
our
home,
but
now
we're
building
the
home
for
the
future
and
if
it
took
us
decades
to
get
into
this
mess,
it's
going
to
probably
take
some
decades
for
us
to
entirely
get
out
and
each
and
every
one
of
us
in
this
room
can
play
a
part
in
that.
So
I
invite
you
to
really
absorb
the
these
folks
that
you're
going
to
hear
from
are
far
brighter
than
I
and
have
far
more
experience
than
I,
especially
Chad
who's,
going
to
speak
next
because
of
his
Advanced
age.
A
A
So
we
can
make
sure
that
we
can
get
to
everything
and,
on
behalf
of
of
VHC
and
I'm
sure,
all
of
us
say
thank
you
for
wanting
to
be
part
of
the
solution,
the
solution
to
our
housing
problem,
because
it's
very
easy
to
talk
about.
We
all
know,
there's
a
housing.
Every
time
we
write
a
rent
check.
We
know
that
or
a
mortgage,
those
of
you
who
are
really
lucky.
A
B
Thank
you
David.
Thank
you,
everyone
for
being
here
today.
It's
so
great
to
see
so
many
of
you
here.
We're
really
excited
to
see
how
we
can
use
the
information
that
we'll
be
gleaning
from
today
and
what
we've
already
heard
from
to
see
how
we
can
be
part
of
that
solution
that
David
speaks
of
so
before
I
show
you
a
a
plethora
of
data
and
information
to
ground
this.
B
This
discussion
around
where
we
can
go,
what
policy
levers
and
tools
we
can
use
I
wanted
to
provide
a
bit
of
context
for
what
I'm
about
to
share
and
I'll
just
say
in
advance:
I'm
not
going
to
be
able
to
get
through
all
of
these
slides
that
I
presented,
but
we
will
be
providing
all
these
slides
and
information
and
we're
actually
being
filmed
for
this
to
be
shared
afterwards.
So
a
couple
of
things
one
as
David
was
talking
about
where
we
are
right
now,
is
by
Design.
B
We
didn't
just
happenstance
get
here
and
I
think
it's
really
important
as
it
looking
at
this
data
as
you're.
Looking
at
these
data
to
be
thinking
about
that
in
particular,
where
we
see
ourselves
going
and
how
we
can
take
action
based
on
this
information,
the
second
is
I
really
I'm,
hoping
you
all
can
think
about
Equity
who
benefits
from
what
we're
seeing
and
who's
disproportionately
harmed
and
I.
Think
that's
really
important
to
think
about
when
you're.
B
Looking
at
the
information
that
we'll
be
discussing,
availability
and
cost
we'll
be
talking
a
lot
about
the
availability
of
housing,
where
it's
located,
how
much
it
costs
to
maintain
and
to
can
build
new
housing
and
finally,
the
process
in
the
tools.
So
what
can
we
do
to
leverage
the
policy
choices,
the
and
the
the
money
that
we
have
available?
B
Finally,
housing
is
about
people
we
house
humans
and
our
pets,
the
things
that
we
love,
builds
Community,
Connection
and
I.
Think
that's
something
that
we
oftentimes
lose
sight
of
when
we
look
at
the
20
slides
that
look
at
the
data
that
I'm
about
to
share
is
that
ultimately
it's
about
humans
and
so
to
keep
that
in
mind
when
we're
looking
at
where
we
are
right
now
as
a
state
and
where
we
want
to
go.
Who
do
we
want
to
be
so
Vermont
today?
B
Let's
look
at
some
data
in
some
of
these
slides
may
be
familiar
with
some
of
you,
and
some
of
these
might
be
brand
new.
So
just
look
at
we're
hoping
to
give
kind
of
a
level
set
kind
of
where
we're
at
right
now
so
the
median
age,
as
many
of
you
may
know,
Vermont
is
the
second
oldest
state
I'm,
sorry,
the
third
oldest
state
in
the
country,
and
that
that
has
implications
for
what
type
of
housing
we
need
where
we
need
to
build
housing.
Is
it
connected
to
schools?
B
Here's
some
of
the
income
levels
for
the
housing
and
that
and
and
looking
at
who
has
access
to
housing
and
a
key
thing
here
when
looking
at
this
slide
in
terms
of
the
median
income
of
family
households
is
how
much
house
or
how
much
apartment
can
folks
who
earn
thirty,
seven
thousand
dollars
actually
afford
and
in
this
particular
housing
market.
That
really
doesn't
go
a
long
way.
So
thinking
about
the
incomes
that
were
our
households
are
generating
and
how
much
house
we're
able
to
to
buy
Vermont's
rental
vacancy
rate.
B
B
We
typically
say
that
around
five
percent
is
a
healthy
vacancy
rate
and
as
of
2019,
we
were
under
four
percent
and
in
some
communities
that
vacancy
rate
is
under
one
percent,
so
it
makes
it
extremely
difficult
and
we'll
talk
a
little
bit
more
about
this
in
the
in
the
upcoming
slides,
makes
it
extremely
difficult
for
people
to
have
choice
and
we
don't
have
Choice
whenever
there's
changes
in
costs
to
housing.
That
makes
it
very
difficult
to
find
Opportunities
healthy,
safe,
affordable
housing.
B
This
one
I'm
just
going
to
take
a
minute
here
to
explain
this
one
and
it's
it's
really
important
to
look
at
while
our
population
hasn't
grown
extensively.
It's
gone
up
slightly,
but
what's
really
fascinating
about
these
data
is
the
household
size
has
shrunk.
So
essentially,
what
that
means
is
that
the
household
the
number
of
people
in
a
household
has
gone
down
and
what
that
means
is
we
need
more
housing
units
to
be
able
to
meet
the
needs
of
our
of
our
families
and
in
households.
B
So,
even
though
our
population
isn't
skyrocketing,
we
actually
need
more
housing
units
to
meet
the
demand,
and
what
that
looks
like
is
additional
year-round
housing
of
of
almost
12
000
is
needed
and
number
of
I'm,
sorry
and
so
from
the
2020
census
counts.
This
is
the
availability
of
of
homes,
and
what
we
can
see
here
is
that
there's
actually
less
availability,
fewer,
there's
fewer
vacation
homes
that
are
available
that
were
being
used
for
vacation
homes.
B
It's
a
homelessness
in
Vermont,
and
it
might
be
a
little
tough
to
see
that
slide,
but
essentially,
homelessness
is,
is
counted
every
year.
There's
an
annual
point
in
time
count.
So
essentially
we
try
to
get
our
best
assessment
of
how
many
people
are
homeless
on
that
particular
day,
and
this
is
oftentimes
under
is
upper
under
representative,
so
these
are
conservatively
lower
numbers
than
we
might
know
of.
B
The
so,
and
as
many
have
known
have
are
aware
of
and
as
we've
been
seen
in
the
news
quite
often
is
the
housing
prices
to
buy
a
home
have
continued
to
rise,
and
at
this
point
we're
now
over
at
the
median
home
sales
price
is
over
two
hundred
and
eighty
thousand
dollars.
So
again,
looking
at
the
availability
and
the
affordability,
it's
just
too
tight
for
many
households
in
Vermont
many
people
own
their
homes.
B
Almost
three
three
quarters
of
Vermont's
population
owns
their
home,
but
there
are
some
disparities
in
who
owns
their
home.
So,
as
we
can
see
on
the
far
left
here
folks
who
identify
as
white
alone,
72
percent
own
their
home,
but
unfortunately
people
who
identify
as
black
only
24
own
their
home.
So
that's
a
massive
disparity
and
we'll
talk
a
little
bit
about
this
there's
some
other
presentation
throughout
the
day.
But
what
are
some
policy
tools?
What
are
some
efforts
that
we
can
use
to
make
sure
we
can
shorten
that
Gap
to
decrease
that
Gap?
B
B
There
might
be
implications
for
accessibility,
so
as
our
aging
pot,
as
we
have
an
aging
population,
is
it
accessible
to
Services,
it
doesn't
need
a
fair
amount
of
fixing
up
to
be
able
to
make
it
accessible
and
livable
to
age
in
place
and
so
and
we're
also
looking
at
Energy
Efficiency.
So
a
lot
of
our
conversations
are
happening
around
and
what's
our
energy
burden,
how
much
money
are
people
spending
in
their
monthly
paychecks
to
be
able
to
pay
for
the
how
their
Heating
and
electrical?
B
This
is
this
slide
just
shows
a
little
bit
about
how
much
housing
that
we've
gotten.
So
we
have
a
little
under
200
000
units
that
are
owner
occupied
80
000
units
that
are
rental
and
around
55
000
units
that
are
for
other
uses,
so
vacant,
seasonal,
Etc
and
I've
got
a
couple
of
slides
in
here,
but
I
didn't
want
to
have
too
too
much.
B
But
this
is
just
a
slide
kind
of
indicating
kind
of
how
much
of
our
housing
stock
is
is
not
really
being
used
for
permanent
housing
and
we'll
have
a
lot
of
conversations.
I'm
sure
around
short-term
rentals
and
short-term
rentals
only
take
up
Statewide
around
two
and
a
half
percent,
but
vacant
properties
take
up
17
percent
of
our
housing
stock.
So
really
important
data
point
to
look
at
in
terms
of
how
we
can
Leverage
some
of
the
policy
choices
that
we
have
before
us.
B
The
final
couple
of
slides
here
that
I've
got
are
around
housing,
construction
and
the
cost
to
build
housing,
so
we
are
and
as
David
alluded
to,
we
have
been
under
constructing,
so
we
haven't
been
building
enough
housing
for
almost
40
years
and
that's
catching
up
with
us.
So
this
slide
just
shows
that
we
were
on
a
great
trajectory
until
the
19
mid
1980s,
and
then
we
we
picked
up
a
little
bit
and
then
fell
way
off.
B
Finally,
the
housing
cost
burden,
so
we
look
at
30
percent
federally
30
percent
of
our
household
income
is
that
threshold
for
what
we
deem
as
capital
A,
affordable,
and
so
that
includes
your
mortgage
rent
and
utilities.
So
folks,
15
of
Vermont
households
spend
more
than
half
so
that
means
extremely
cost
burden
on
on
their
housing
and
that
just
makes
it
harder
for
people
to
save
for
a
different
apartment
or
move
into
home
ownership.
B
B
Leave
you
with
many
of
us
as
Moore,
was
pointing
out
this
morning
we're
able
to
stay
safe
from
a
Public
Health
crisis,
and
many
of
us,
like
my
family,
stayed
in
our
house
for
several
months
without
leaving,
and
so
thinking
about
housing,
safety
and
decent,
affordable
housing
is,
is
a
necessity.
It's
a
right
in
how
what
can
we
do
to
be
able
to
make
sure
that's
available
for
everyone?
B
C
But
I
also
came
recently
transitioned
over
from
Senator
Leahy's
office,
where
I
covered
housing
policy
for
him
here
in
Vermont,
and
so
that's
really
the
perspective
I'm.
Bringing
to
this
talk
about
Federal
housing
resources
and
I
love
following
Vermont
Housing
Finance
Agency,
because
their
wealth
of
data
I
want
to
put
another
plug
for
Vermont
for
Vermont
housing,
data.org
said
housingdata.org
or
just
housing
data.org
as
you
go
forward
after
the
session
and
work
and
advocacy.
It's
such
a
wonderful
resource
to
paint
that
picture
of
what
is
happening
here
in
the
state
and
in
your
communities.
C
So
as
we
think
about
the
landscape
of
housing
policy,
federal
policy
and
federal
resources
are
really
the
big
dollars
in
the
room,
but
also
the
least
flexible.
So
they
often
set
the
parameters
around
the
work
that
we
can
do
and
we
look
to
State
policy
to
work
around
the
edges
and
and
do
some
Innovative
work
and
you're
going
to
hear
about
that
from
my
colleague.
Sean.
C
So
as
I
look
at
federal
policy,
we
think
about
the
programs
that
invest
in
housing
here
in
Vermont
that
support
creating
housing
that
support
rental
assistance
and
that
support
homeownership,
really
those
three
sections
of
the
housing
market.
We
also
think
about
the
housing
policies
such
as
fair
housing,
that
guide
where
housing
is
built
and
how
housing
is
accessed
and,
at
the
end
of
this
presentation,
I
really
want
to
take
some
time
to
talk
about.
How
do
you
engage
in
the
federal
policy
discussion?
C
We're
really
fortunate
here
in
Vermont
to
have
a
small
population
and
an
extremely
accessible
delegation
and
working
with
them
is
something
that
you
all
have
the
ability
to
do
so
before
I
go
on
to
what
are
the
agencies
that
invest
in
housing
and
the
acronyms
they
use
to
put
out
money?
I
want
to
talk
about
what
that
looks
like
here
in
Vermont,
so
you
see
a
picture
here
of
downtown
St
Johnsbury
new
Avenue
Apartments.
C
So
I'm
going
to
start
at
the
very,
very
basic
and
when
we
look
at
where
does
capital
for
building
affordable
housing
come
from
at
the
federal
level.
Most
of
it
comes
from
the
Department
of
Housing
and
Urban
Development,
and
it
comes
to
Vermont
in
these
three
block
grant
programs.
So
a
block
grant
program
is
a
federal
program
where
there's
a
formula
and
Vermont
gets
every
year
a
an
allocation
to
spend
on
projects
here
in
the
state.
C
So
I'm
just
going
to
talk
through
some
of
some
of
these
resources,
because
these
are
some
of
the
big
Grant
dollars.
Essentially,
that
function
here
in
the
state
to
build
housing
so
there's
the
home
program.
Many
of
these
are
known
by
their
acronyms
I
apologize
and
what
home
is
able
to
do?
Is
it
funds
development
of
affordable
housing
for
rent
or
for
home
ownership
so
long
as
the
housing
is
targeted
for
low
and
very
low
income
Americans,
this
allocation
to
Vermont
there's
two.
Actually
one
comes
to
the
Vermont
housing
and
conservation
board.
C
Who
then
invests
it
in
projects
through
the
state
through
our
development
community
and
there's
another
allocation
that
comes
to
the
City
of
Burlington
that
similarly
invests
in
Community
Development
initiatives
and
coming
to
the
Statewide
pot
I
couldn't
put
my
fingers
on
the
Burlington
allocation
quickly
is
about
2.9
Million
that
I
believe
that's
the
2021
number
next,
there's
the
Community
Development
block
grant
program.
This
is
administered
through
the
state
of
Vermont
and
again
through
the
city
of
Burlington.
C
C
The
cdbg
programs
administered
through
the
state
through
my
colleague
Sean
Gilpin,
and
it's
a
little
broader
than
the
home
program,
and
that
it
can
invest
in
a
range
of
Community
Development
activities
and
Vermont
sees
investment
in
affordable
housing
as
key
to
building
vibrant
communities.
So
you
do
see
those
dollars
play
a
role
in
the
projects
like
the
one
you
saw
new
Avenue
in
St
Johnsbury
and
then
the
third
source
that
I
want
to
call
out
is
the
Housing
Trust
Fund.
This
is
one
of
the
newer
sources
of
affordable
housing
development
Capital.
C
It
was
really
championed
by
Senator
Bernie
Sanders,
both
women
who's
in
the
house
and
the
Senate.
So
we're
really
grateful
for
his
work
there,
and
this
allocation
of
about
30
million
per
year
also
comes
to
Vermont
housing
and
conservation
board
again
to
invest
in
this.
This
Source
really
targets
very
low
income,
households.
C
Then
we
have
the
big
kind
of
federally
supported
private
dollars,
and
this
is
really
done
through
the
low
income
housing
tax
credit
program,
which
I
wanted
to
find
the
most
complicated
graphic
out
there.
This
actually
isn't
it.
This
was
middle
of
the
road.
At
the
end
of
my
presentation,
I
have
a
great
video
about
seven
minutes.
Long,
so
I
didn't
want
to
show
it,
but
it
does
walk
through
how
this
program
works.
C
But
here
what
the
impact
of
this
program
is
here
in
Vermont,
it's
administered
through
Chad
and
the
Vermont
Housing
Finance
Agency
and
it
create
it
brings
Capital
to
the
state,
and
this
covers
about
60
percent
of
our
development.
Our
non-profit
development
Capital
in
the
state
last
year,
I
think
it
was
2021
data.
It
created
105,
permanently,
affordable
housing
units
in
five
communities
across
the
state
really
powerful
program,
and
the
way
it
works
is
that
the
IRS
allocates
tax
credits
to
a
state
agency.
C
Who
then
in
gives
those
credits
to
projects
across
the
state,
sell
those
credits,
and
that
is
the
that
creates
the
capital
that
comes
into
these
funding.
Stacks
to
create
wonderful
buildings
like
the
one
you'll
see
actually
on
the
next
slide,
so
moving
off
the
capital
for
production.
I
also
want
to
talk
about
housing
as
a
three-legged
stool.
That's
the
analogy.
C
So
when
we're
thinking
about
Federal
rental
assistance,
there's
really
two
primary
paths
that
you
can
go
down
either
Project
based
so
tying
the
rental
assistance
to
cert
to
units
within
housing
developments,
but
also
tenant
base.
Those
vouchers
that
follow
people
who
are
renting
in
the
private
market
and
providing
that
assistance
that
covers
between
30
percent
of
their
income
and
the
fair
market
rent
in
the
area
and
rental
assistance
here
in
Vermont
is
administered
through
the
Vermont
state
housing
authority
and
the
local
public
housing
authorities
across
the
state.
C
So
when
you
think
of
that
three-legged
stool,
the
services,
the
supply,
the
subsidy,
it
all
works
together,
braids
together
to
create
these,
create
these
projects,
often
in
downtown
these
buildings
that
create
homes
for
people.
So
this
is
an
example
of
the
power
of
federal
estate
programs.
We
have
the
Bellows
Falls
garage,
that's
being
redeveloped
by
the
Windham
Windsor
Housing
Trust,
including
my
sister
who's
standing
in
the
back
there
and
you
see
gateway
to
the
community.
C
Similarly
comes
in
with
that
guarantee
to
help
people
Access
housing
when
the
bank
might
not
take
the
loan
might
not
take
the
risk
on
that
individual
because
of
income
eligibility
and
just
to
call
out
girl
development.
Again.
3.4
million
or
all
home
buyers
have
been
assisted
since
1949,
so
a
significant
impact
in
in
our
rural
economy,
but
as
we
think
of
housing,
think
of
home
ownership.
C
C
It
does
this
by
product
protecting
different
groups
of
people
and
prohibits
discrimination
based
on
Grace
color,
national
origin,
religion,
sex,
familiar
status
and
disability
and
Vermont
actually
goes
a
step
further
and
I
know.
Sean
is
going
to
touch
on
this
in
protecting
more
categories
of
people
from
discrimination
and
I
touched
on
the
types
of
housing
that
are
covered,
but
it's
really
nearly
all
housing,
including
private
housing
so
including
mortgages
and
private
rental
housing.
C
We
have
wonderful
organizations
both
through
cvoeo
Champlain,
Valley
office
of
opportunity
and
Vermont.
Legal
aid
are
two
great
resources.
We
have
in
the
state
to
help
people
who
believe
that
they
might
be
facing
housing
discrimination
to
determine
whether
there
is
any
action
they
can
take
to
address
that
discrimination
and
an
example
could
be
an
unequal
treatment
in
renting
lending
or
advertising.
So
advertising
to
Target
a
population
and
by
targeting
a
population,
try
to
really
hide
that
that
resource
from
another
population.
C
Those
delivered
these
large
allocations
to
the
state
and
allowed
the
legislatures
of
the
state
and
administrations
of
the
state
to
invest
those
dollars
where
needed
and
Vermont
was
really
at
the
Forefront
of
saying
where
these
dollars
are
needed
are
in
housing
and
they
put
out
significant
funding
to
address
housing
through
rental
assistance
and
through
addressing
Supply.
However,
we're
about
to
see
a
contraction
in
those
Federal
resources.
These
are
one.
This
is
one-time
funding
that
needs
to
be
quickly
deployed,
and
so
we
saw
this
bump
in
production.
C
C
So
that's
kind
of
the
big
picture
overview
of
some
of
the
housing
resources
at
the
federal
level.
There
are
more
depending
on
which
part
of
housing
you're
looking
at,
but
I
wanted
to
go
big
picture
and
really
spend
some
time
talking
about
how
to
engage-
and
you
see
here
a
picture
of
our
delegation
plus
one.
So
we
have
Senator
Leahy
at
the
top
who
is
retiring
at
the
end
of
this
year
after
48
years
serving
Vermont
in
the
Senate.
C
He
serves
as
chair
of
the
Appropriations
Committee
and
in
that
capacity
has
been
able
to
direct
resources
towards
the
state
and
is
always
had
a
soft
spot
for
housing
because
of
the
role
it
plays
in
supporting
our
communities
and
our
most
vulnerable.
Then,
of
course
we
have
Senator
Sanders
who's
been
a
strong
advocate
for
vermonters
and
Senator,
elect
well
Peter,
Welch
and
representative
elect
Becca,
ballant
and
I
also
thought
here.
C
Yes,
we
have
we're
very
excited
about
the
changes
in
our
delegation
and
know
that
they're
going
to
continue
to
be
open
to
working
directly
with
vermonters
and
I
was
sitting
next
to
my
former
colleague
tafine
Dean,
who
covers
housing
for
a
representative
Welch
during
the
intro
session
and
was
thinking.
Oh
I
should
have
put
a
picture
of
the
staff
up
here,
because
that's
really
who
you're
going
to
work
with
as
you're
working
in
trying
to
influence
federal
policy.
C
So
you've
heard
the
saying,
never
go
to
a
meeting
without
an
ask.
So
as
you're
thinking
about
a
federal
policy,
ask
what
are
the
types
of
things
that
you
might
ask
for?
One
of
the
simplest
things
is
to
ask
members
of
your
delegation
to
co-sign
a
piece
of
legislation.
You'll
hear
from
National
advocacy
groups,
saying
there's
this
piece
that
we're
piece
of
legislation
we're
working
with
and
we
want
as
many
members
of
Congress
to
support
it
as
possible.
C
So
it's
really
helpful
from
a
congressional
staffer
point
of
view
to
have
people
flag
that
legislation,
because
they
see
a
lot
of
these
pieces
coming
around
every
day.
They
don't
have
the
capacity
to
read
through
all
of
them,
so
really
rely
on
Vermont
Advocates
to
say,
which
are
important
to
Vermont
and
your
voice
really
matters
there.
C
The
next
thing
you
can
do
is
you
can
ask
to
sign
on
to
a
letter.
So
if
you're
looking
more
at
a
piece
of
Regulation
and
you
would
like
a
HUD
to
change
how
it's
evaluating
fair
market
rents,
so
those
vouchers
are
worth
more
and
you
know
from
National
Coalition,
so
there's
a
letter
that
members
of
Congress
are
sending
to
HUD.
Saying
hey,
can
you
please
change
your
formula?
You
can
ask
the
delegation
to
sign
on
to
that
letter.
C
So
that's
another
very
simple,
easy
ask
that
can
prompt
action
from
the
delegation,
then
there's
kind
of
the
more
long-term
asks
that
you
can
make.
You
can
make
a
policy
ask
so
in
Congress,
there's
really
two
pieces
of
of
work
that
the
members
are
doing:
they're
authorizing
they're,
creating
new
programs
and
they're,
creating
new
policies
and
they're
appropriating
they're
putting
money
into
the
programs.
C
This
is
a
massive
piece
of
Vegeta
of
legislation
that
affects
a
lot
of
agricultural
policy,
but
also
rural
policy,
and
there
might
be
an
opportunity
to
impact
some
of
those
USDA
programs,
if
not
directly
through
the
farm
bill,
companion,
piece
of
legislation,
that's
going
to
move
along
with
it,
because
we're
looking
Congress
is
focusing
on
on
Rural
policy
and
agriculture
policy,
and
you
could
also
make
a
money.
Ask
you
can
say
congress.
You
need
to
continue
to
fund
the
home
program,
the
cdbg
program,
the
Housing
Trust
Fund.
C
These
important
block
grant
programs
that
support,
affordable
housing
across
Vermont
and
within
those
money
asks.
There's
now
two
different
tools.
You
can
use
Congress
has
the
tool
of
congressionally
directed
spending.
This
is
formerly
known
as
earmarks,
but
that's
a
bad
word,
so
we
don't
use
that
anymore,
and
this
is
something
that
Senator
Leahy
is
chair
of.
The
Appropriations
Committee
brought
back
to
Vermont
to
allow
communities
to
ask
for
Congress
to
directly
fund
their
programs.
C
So
if
you
have
a
community
project
that
you
are
looking
to
further
with
Federal
funding,
it's
worth
being
in
touch
with
your
delegation
and
asking
them
what's
your
process
for
submitting
requests
for
congressionally
directed
spending?
What
are
you
looking
for
and
what
are
the
parameters?
The
kind
of
rules
around
pulling
getting
a
CDS
request,
a
congressionally
directed
spending
request.
C
It
is
a
complicated
process
and
I'm
not
going
to
bore
you
with
an
explanation
of
it
now,
but
I
just
want
to
flag
that
as
something
that,
in
the
last
two
years
has
come
back
into
the
federal
Appropriations
process
and
is
being
used
across
Vermont
I.
Think
in
the
current
bills
that
are
the
current
funding
bill
that
still
needs
to
be
voted
on
this
year.
C
C
So
this
is
a
powerful
tool
and
then
a
programmatic
request
change
in
an
existing
Federal
program
through
Appropriations
to
better
meet
the
needs
here
in
Vermont.
So
I'll
just
end
with
a
picture
here.
This
is
a
Champlain
Housing
Trust
proposed
proposal
to
invest
in
the
harbor
place
and
Champlain
Housing
Trust
came
to
Senator
Leahy
over
many
years
saying
we
want
to
invest
in
affordable
home
ownership.
We
want
to
invest
in
shared
equity
and
how
do
we
do
that?
C
We
need
Capital
to
build
these
homes
so
that
we
can
offer
affordable
homes
to
two
people
in
the
in
Chittenden
County,
and
over
a
year
Senator
lay.
He
was
able
to
build
a
federal
program
within
neighbor
Works,
which
invests
in
housing
across
the
country
to
support
shared
equity
and
eventually
to
have
Capital
grants
to
build.
So
they
were
one
of
the
first
grantees
in
the
country
to
get
those
Capital
grants
and
hopefully
we'll
be
able
to
invest
in
building
condos
as
part
of
this
larger
pro
project.
C
So
these
these
policy
asks
these
Appropriations
ask:
have
a
real
impact
here
in
the
state
and
I'll
just
leave
you
with
resources
that
Chad
I
believe
will
send
around
later.
If
you
want
to
read
more,
the
Congressional
research
service
is
open
to
the
public
and
has
lots
of
dense
pages
of
reading
on
the
history
of
Federal
housing
policy
and
I'll.
Leave
you
with
my
contact
information
as
well,
so
thank
you
and
I
think
we'll
move
on
to
Sean.
If
we
have
questions
at
the
very
end,
we'll
do
that.
D
My
name
is
Sean
Gilpin
I'm,
the
director
of
the
housing
division
at
the
Department
of
Housing
and
Community
Development
and
I'll.
Try
to
move
through
we've
got
you
know.
I
was
asked
to
do
again.
Some
pretty
big
picture,
broad
brush
about
sort
of
State
housing
policy
and
you'll,
hear
some
Echoes
from
what
what
Paulie
had
to
provide
just
because
we
do
coordinate
so
much
with
our
federal
delegation
and
have
to
engage
with
those
Federal
programs,
but
also
wanted
to
talk
about
sort
of
some
of
the
unique
landscape.
D
The
Mark
and
I
know
it's
a
little
difficult
to
see.
But
from
left
to
right
up
top
in
the
in
the
blue
boxes
is
the
agency
of
Human
Services.
We
have
the
Vermont
state,
Housing,
Authority,
Vermont,
Housing,
Finance
Agency
in
the
middle
Vermont,
housing
and
conservation
board,
and
the
Department
of
Housing
and
Community
Development
and
all
of
these
organizations
interact,
but
they
all
have
their
separate
little
niches
as
well
and
different
different
programmatic
uses
throughout
the
state.
The
two
on
either
side
are
actual
government
entities.
D
The
three
in
the
middle
are
all
actually
instrumentalities
of
the
state.
So
they
kind
of
have
this.
This
interesting
they're
not
entirely
private
non-profits,
like
many
of
our
housing
developers,
but
they're
not
really
entirely
State
entities
they're
created
by
legislative
statute,
but
then
have
Boards
of
directors
that
aren't
all
appointed
by
an
elected
official.
So
there's
a
little
bit
intentionally
of
a
buffer
which
For,
Better
or
Worse
provides
a
little
bit
of
insulation
from
sort
of
the
Electoral
Cycles,
which
frankly,
I
think
is
probably
pretty
helpful.
D
But
the
agency
of
Human
Services,
one
of
their
major
major
forms
of
funding,
is
the
emergency
solution.
Grant,
which
was
formerly
known
as
the
emergency
shelter
grant
I
believe.
But
we
we
changed
that
ass
to
be
a
little
bit
more
Forward
Thinking,
and
then
they
have
a
myriad
I
didn't
want
to
list
all
of
them,
but
Myriad
different
support
and
services
organization.
So
this
is
one
of
those.
D
Ahs
is
largely
in
charge
of
of
one
of
the
legs
of
the
of
the
three-legged
stool
that
Paulie
brought
up
the
Vermont
state.
Housing
Authority
vsha
provides
rental
subsidies,
including
the
housing
Choice
voucher,
which
is
sort
of
commonly
referred
to
as
Section
8,
although
just
like
earmarks
we're
trying
to
get
away
from
that
terminology
because
of
some
of
the
stigma
there
vsha
also
I
will
do
a
shout
out.
I,
don't
think
I
see
anybody
from
there
and
oh,
oh
here,
we
are
right
in
front
of
me.
D
Daniel
did
incredible
amounts
of
work,
utilizing
the
emergency
rental
assistance
funds.
If
you
check
out
their
website,
they
still
have
a
ticker
along
the
top
of
how
many
tens
of
millions
of
dollars
went
out
to
support
thousands
of
of
vermonters
during
during
the
worst
of
the
pandemic
to
make
sure
they
stayed
housed.
Vsha
also
also
manages
some
housing
themselves
vhfa.
We
already
talked
about
the
low-income
housing
tax.
Credit
lie,
Tech,
that's
one
of
the
biggest
tools
that
they
have,
although
they
utilize
other
tax
credits
as
well.
D
Vhcb,
Vermont,
housing
conservation
board,
poly
shop
is
a
very
unique
organization.
It
was
started
in
1987
with
the
distinct
mission
of
working
on
both
housing,
affordable
housing,
development
and
land
conservation,
which
we'll
talk
a
little
bit
more
about
smart
growth
and
and
some
of
the
policy
use,
land
use
and
policy
that
the
state
of
Vermont
engages
in
that
kind
of
makes
our
state
a
little
unique.
Most
places
would
probably
see
those
as
sort
of
conflicting
efforts.
D
You
know,
obviously,
if
you're
conserving
land,
you
can't
build
housing
on
it,
but
the
in
the
wisdom
of
past
legislators
and
and
other
Advocates.
We
actually
managed
to
create
an
organization
that
utilizes
and
largely
through
the
property
transfer
tax.
So
whenever
a
property
is
sold
in
Vermont
pop,
a
portion
of
that
or
there's
a
tax
on
that
sale
and
a
portion
of
that
is
statutorily
supposed
to
go
to
vhcb,
the
the
dirty
little
secret
is
that
it
often
gets
a
some
titrated
off
for
other
uses.
D
But
the
interesting
part
about
that
mechanism
is
as
property
values
rise.
That
means
more
money
gets
put
into
the
Vermont
housing
conservation
board.
So
it's
kind
of
a
an
intentional
circuit
breaker
to
provide
more
funding
when
it
becomes
more
expensive
to
to
acquire
land
and
build
housing.
They
also
administer
the
the
home
investment
partnership
that
and
the
and
the
Housing
Trust
Fund
that
that
Paulie
mentioned
and
then
my
shop
dhcd,
our
biggest
grants
is
the
Community
Development
block
grants
which
actually
passes
through
municipalities.
D
As
Polly
mentioned,
we
I'm
going
to
say
that
a
lot
aren't
I.
As
Polly
mentioned,
we
were
authorized
to
use
it
for
a
for
a
number
of
different
different
uses,
everything
from
accessibility,
modifications
and
public
buildings
to
Economic,
Development
to
housing
and
Vermont's,
actually,
a
little
unique
in
that
we
put
almost
all
of
our
cdbg
funds
into
affordable
housing
development.
It's
not
entirely
100,
but
of
the
plurality
of
it
in
Most
states
that
goes
towards
Economic,
Development
and
Business
Development,
which
just
an
interesting
sort
of
policy
and
philosophical
situation.
D
D
Exactly
meant
for
the
sort
of
inspirational
messaging
that
that
we're
trying
to
have
today,
but
it
is
important,
and
it
is
a
one
way
that
that
communities
can
actually
get
engaged
and
and
have
a
say
in
how
we
prioritize
those
Community
Development
block
grant
dollars
as
well
as
the
other,
the
other
dollars
we
have.
The
pre-planning
requirements
include
an
analysis
of
impediments
to
fair
housing,
as
well
as
a
housing
needs
assessment
which
actually
Chad
linked
to
the
housing
needs
assessment.
D
D
It's
run
by
the
Vermont
Housing
Finance
Agency,
largely
by
Leslie,
black
plumo
and
Mia
Watson,
who
are
absolute
Treasures
for
the
state
and
what
they
can
do
with
data
collection
and
Analysis,
and
it
was
funded
actually
by
or
the
latest
iteration
of
it
was
funded
by
a
Community.
Development
block
grant
to
really
enhance
that
that
to
make
it
a
much
more
useful
tool,
so
with
State
housing,
we
For,
Better
or
Worse,
put
a
put
an
awful
lot
of
things
into
our
affordable
housing
developments.
D
We
want
to
see
a
lot
of
a
lot
of
things
attached
to
it,
including
you
know.
Obviously,
affordability,
Vermont's
unique
in
that
we
anything
that
touches
low-income
housing,
tax
credit
or
Vermont
housing
conservation
board
funding
needs
to
be
perpetually
affordable.
That
is
unique
in
the
country.
I,
don't
know
well
unique,
might
be
wrong.
D
We
don't
do
that
here
when
we
invest
public
these
public
dollars
into
this,
this
housing
type.
We
want
to
maintain
it
in
perpetuity
so
that
you
avoid
the
displacement
you
can
get
away
from
possible
gentrification
in
areas
and
all
of
those
things
that
means
to
co-opt
Dave's
story
from
earlier.
That
means
our
housing
developers
who
use
these
funds
know
they're,
building
their
own
home,
so
they're
not
pulling
punches
and
you
know
using
lesser
materials
oftentimes.
D
I,
think
that,
after
this
pandemic,
nobody
will
deny
that
having
a
safe
place
to
live
is
absolutely
imperative
for
maintaining
a
good,
a
good
healthful
existence.
We
also
value
historic
preservation,
maintaining
the
historic
buildings,
particularly
in
our
downtowns,
and
making
sure
that
they're
they're
vibrant,
so
that
our
communities
are
healthy
and
and
have
a
vibrancy
to
them.
Energy
Efficiency
is,
is
a
growing
a
growing.
A
huge
growing
concern,
and
often
when
done
well,
can
address
some
of
the
affordability
issues.
So
we
we
require
a
pretty
high.
D
It's
called
the
Arby's,
the
Residential
Building
energy
standards
are
much
higher
in
Vermont
than
they
are
in
many
other
places
and
also
location
efficiency.
So
building
in
our
in
our
downtowns,
you
know
near
our
Transit
centers
near
near
amenities
and
things
that
that
people
so
that
they
don't
have
to
get
in
a
car
and
drive
absolutely
everywhere.
D
You'll
hear
about
about
act
250.,
but
part
of
the
reason
why
it
was
it
was
created
was,
as
you
can
see,
to
plan
development
so
as
to
maintain
the
historic
settlement
pattern
of
compact,
Village
and
urban
centers
separated
by
rural
Countryside.
So
that's
kind
of
a
very
Bland
and
and
not
terribly
inspiring
way
to
talk
about
the
beauty
of
Vermont.
You
know
like
that.
That's
what
we
all
we
all
talk
about,
how
you
know
Vermont
looks
different
than
other
places,
and
it's
largely
due
to
these.
D
These
land
use
land
use,
statutes
that
try
to
address
historical
patterns
of
development.
You
know
putting
energy
into
places
where
we
have
typically
lived
and
not
sprawling
out
and
into
the
forests
and
into
the
the
working
landscape,
and
this
is
kind
of
a
little
graphic
at
the
bottom
there
of
of
the
of
graphical
representation
of
what
that
kind
of
looks
like
again,
that
is
it's
a
policy
choice
that
we've
made.
D
D
They
often
bring
up
the
fact
that
if
you,
if
you
picked
pretty
much
any
like,
let's
take
a
downtown
Bristol,
you
know
St
Johnsbury,
some
of
these
other,
even
some
of
these
other,
even
small
towns
that
actually
have
a
Village
Center.
If
you
know
God
forbid,
the
center
got
wiped
out
just
a
Act
of
God.
D
There's,
there's
big
state
planning
goals
and
then
Regional
plans,
and
these
these
actually
outline
the
regional
planning
commissions
on
that
map.
And
then
those
inform
Municipal
plans
and
we
pride
ourselves
in
a
is
that
my
time
we
we
pride
ourselves
in
in
addressing
these
addressing
these
needs
and
we
actually
have
what
are.
Are
called
the
designated
areas,
and
so
Village
centers,
downtowns
and
New
Town
centers
are
kind
of
the
you
know
they.
D
They
almost
speak
for
themselves,
downtown's
I,
think
most
people
would
know
it
when
they
see
it
a
Village
Center.
Similarly,
you
know
we
have
a
lot
of
historic
Villages.
New
Town
centers
are
a
relatively
new
designation,
where,
if
a
municipality
has
decided
that
they
have
a
place
where
they
want
to
see
a
downtown
where
they
don't
so,
for
instance,
take
maybe
a
Colchester
or
even
South.
D
As
you
know,
some
funding
opportunities
and
other
other
resources
and
again
the
the
links
here
are
showing
up
in
white
text,
but
I
would
encourage
folks
when
I,
when
I
resend
this
PowerPoint
to
if
you'd
like
to
learn
more
about
sort
of
our
our
ongoing
efforts
here
to
subscribe
to
our
strong
communities
monthly
newsletter.
It's
a
brief
little
newsletter
that
goes
out.
D
Is
the
term
that
legal
aid
likes
me
to
use
now,
but
it's
a
little
clunky
Vermont
has
gone
even
farther
than
the
federal,
fair
housing
act
and
actually
has
identified
these
other
six
sexual
orientation,
gender
identity,
age.
With
some
limited
exceptions,
you
are
technically
allowed
to
there's
some
issues
with
with
minor
signing
leases
that
that
are
age
issues
and
also,
theoretically,
you
can
I
know
some
folks
are
probably
familiar
with
senior
housing.
D
There's
certain
criteria
by
which
you
can
you
can
have
an
age,
restricted,
housing,
it's
technically,
it's
80
percent
of
the
units
need
to
be
with
people
at
55
or
above
and
have
facilities
that
pertain
to
some
sort
of
age-related
issue
or
100
percent
need
to
be
65
or
older
oftentimes.
It's
it's
almost
impossible
to
convert
an
existing
building
from
being
mixed
age
to
an
age,
restricted
Building
without
discriminating,
so
most
of
the
senior
housing
that
we
have
was
built
with
the
intention
of
being
a
senior
senior
housing
facility,
marital
status.
D
Receipt
of
Public
Assistance
is
actually
a
really
big
one,
oftentimes
I
think
in
the
past
it's
been
called
source
of
income
which
isn't
exactly
correct,
but
basically
you
can't
say
in
the
state
of
Vermont
I:
don't
accept
Section
Eight
I
won't
take
your
housing
subsidy
voucher.
So
if,
if
somebody's
receiving
public
assistance
and
it's
adequate
assistance
to
to
be
able
to
rent
the
unit,
then
you
can't
say
I
won't
go
through
that
program.
D
I
actually
have
a
rental
unit
myself
in
in
my
duplex
and
the
number
of
times
when
I
put
out
an
application,
and
somebody
says:
oh,
do
you
accept
Section,
8
and
I
I've
got
a
little
half
pager
that
just
you
have
to
accept.
You
know
public.
A
private
landlord
has
to
accept
Section
8.
If
anybody
tells
you
this
here's
the
people
that
you
should
call,
because,
because
it's
it's
required
and
that's
actually
that's
that's
pretty
huge.
D
A
lot
of
places
don't
have
that
my
sister
actually
works
for
a
coalition
and
homelessness
across
the
river
there
in
the
the
state
we
shall
not
name,
and
they
they
have
this
problem
all
the
time
that
they
can.
Somebody
has
a
voucher,
they've
identified
a
unit
that
passes
inspection,
they're,
ready
to
go
and
the
landlord
says
no
I,
don't
I,
don't
do
I,
don't
do
section
eight,
so
that's
huge
and
the
most
recent
one
that
was
passed
gosh
now
it
must
have
been
like
2018
anyway.
D
Is
you
can't
discriminate
on
the
on
the
basis
of
some
somebody
having
been
a
victim
of
domestic
violence,
stalking
or
sexual
assault?
Why,
on
Earth?
Would
anybody
do
that?
A
reasonable
person
might
say?
Well,
a
landlord
can't
say:
hey.
I
know
that
Jane's
husband
is
a
lunatic
and
she
escaped
him
and
I.
D
One
thing
I
do
want
to
say:
well
actually
two
things
I
do
want
to
say
on
this
before
I,
before
I
close
out,
first
of
all,
if,
if
anybody's
interested
in
learning
more
about
fair
housing
generally,
as
well
as
how
it,
how
it
interacts
with
you
know,
bylaws
and
exclusionary
housing
and
whatnot
I
would
encourage
you
to
check
out
our
websites,
which
we
actually
have
a
training.
I
want
to
say
it's
December,
12th
Naomi.
Do
you
remember
I,
don't
know
Jamie's
not
here.
Is
she
anyway
I
think
it's
the
December
12th?
D
D
It's
it's
from
two
to
four
I'll
I'll
include
when
I
fix
up
these
slides,
I'll
link
to
that
as
well,
and
also
something
that
I
bring
up
with
that
training,
which
I
think
is
really
important,
and
this
is
a
little
bit
of
a
tangent
but
I
think
important
for
housing.
Discrimination
is
that
if
you
think
about
it,
if
you
look
at
these
categories,
every
one
of
us
is
in
all
of
these
categories.
So
fair
housing
and
housing
discrimination
law
doesn't
protect
any
particular
group.
It
protects
everybody.
D
You
can't
just
you
can't
say
I
only
rent
to
you
know:
I,
don't
I,
don't
rent
to
White
Christians,
just
as
much
as
you
can't
say:
I
don't
rent
to
a
black
Jewish
person
it
the
the
sword,
Cuts
both
ways
and
I.
Think
it's
really
important
when
we
message
fair
housing
and
and
anti-discrimination
laws
that
we
make
sure
that
we're
we're
putting
it
in
that
context,
because
you
know
it,
it
is
something
that
protects
everyone.
D
A
Why
don't
they
just
you
can
be
like
well,
because
I
went
to
an
hour-long
talk
about
why
we
can't
just
because
it's
complicated
but
I'd,
invite
you
to
think
during
lunch
about
what
all
of
what
we
heard,
how
that
impacts
even
further,
like
even
in
the
smaller
ways
right
that,
like,
for
example,
I,
was
in
a
romantic
relationship.
He
moved
in
it
didn't
work
out.
I
can
tell
you
about
it
at
lunch,
but
but
I
thought
to
myself
there's
nowhere
for
either
of
us
to
go.
A
A
Maybe
I'm,
not
a
housing,
developer
and
I
can't
directly
pull
these
lovers,
but
there's
ways
that
we
can
all
be
involved
because,
as
Sean
so
perfectly
put
we're
all
in
these
slides.
So
please
come
back
and
join
us
for
for
102.
After
lunch,
which
is
going
to
be
a
bit
different,
it'll
be
much
more
interactive
and
there'll
be
no
quiz.
We
promise.