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From YouTube: Our Neighbor's Keeper: What is Trauma?
Description
On this episode of Our Neighbor's Keeper, Josiah Gilliam talks to Paula Powe and Toya Jones from the University of Pittsburgh, and Julius Boatwright from Steel Smiling.
A
Hello
there,
my
name
is
josiah
gilliam,
and
I
am
the
my
brother's
keeper
coordinator
in
the
office
of
equity
for
mayor
bill.
Peduto
and
we've
been
doing
a
series
exploring
the
intersections
of
the
my
brother's
keeper
initiative,
but
recently
because
of
some
great
statewide
regional
and
local
efforts
related
to
trauma,
violence,
prevention,
intervention
and
a
number
of
other
related
themes.
A
What
do
those
mean?
What
does
the
research
say?
What
does
neuroscience
have
to
say
about
the
realities
of
trauma
on
the
brain?
How
does
it
show
up
in
individuals
lives
and
in
community?
How
does
it
affect
the
work
that
folks
do,
who
are
serving
and
loving
on
folks
that
have
have
experienced
trauma
and
how?
What
are
some
thoughtful
ways
to
think
about
it?
So
today
we
have
a
really
cool
opportunity
to
engage
with
experts
to
do
that.
A
Deep
dive
and
I've
really
been
looking
forward
to
this
conversation
because
there's
more
research
than
ever
and
there's
a
chance
to
to
be
nuanced
and
thoughtful
in
our
understanding
of
this
and
in
terms
of
how
we
think
about
you
know
caring
for
folks.
So
without
further
ado,
I'm
going
to
do
a
round
of
a
introduction,
so
you
have
a
chance
to
see
who
else
is
on
the
call
around
the
zoom
with
us
and
then
we're
just
going
to
jump.
You
know
right
in
and
get
to
it.
A
So,
my
friends,
thank
you
so
much
for
taking
the
time
it's
an
honor
and
a
pleasure
to
be
with
you
and
looking
forward
to
this.
If
we,
if
you
wouldn't
mind
just
you,
know
your
name
and
your
organization
and
what
you're
coming
to
this
conversation
to
accomplish,
you
know,
what's
the,
why,
for
for
why
you're,
here
today
and
we'll
start
with
dr
paula
po.
B
I
work
for
the
university
of
pittsburgh
upmc
western
psych
at
a
particular
clinic
called
matilda
tice
early
childhood
education
and
trauma
clinic,
and
in
that
realm
I
focus
on
infant
mental
health,
which
is
the
social
and
emotional
development
of
children
from
the
ages
of
zero
to
five,
and
so
I
will
talk
about
trauma
in
that
particular
age
group,
how
it
manifests,
what
sort
of
things
cause
it
and
ultimately
how
we
treat
it.
So
thank
you.
It's
plenty
to
be
here.
A
C
C
My
organization
that
I
founded
with
my
husband,
reverend
cornell
jones,
is
freedom,
deed
llc,
where
I
work
with
incarcerated
population
ex-offenders,
and
I
know
I
just
said
I
work
with
trauma
survivors.
Yes,
I
work
with
victims
of
trauma
as
well,
and
I've
done
you
know,
working
with
survivors
of
trauma
for
around
20
years
now,
and
so
I'm
back
in
you
know
doing
some
work
with
incarcerated
populations
with
the
united
states
federal
court.
C
A
D
Thanks
josiah,
I
I
feel
a
little
awkward
being
the
only
one
that
doesn't
have
doctor
before
his
name.
I
got
some
some
education
to
get
so
again.
As
I
said,
I'm
I'm
julius
boatwright.
I
served
with
a
community-based
mental
health,
org
called
still
smiling,
and
we
bridge
the
gap
between
black
people
and
mental
health
support
and
what
I
bring
to
this
conversation
in
terms
of
the.
A
Terrific,
thank
you
so
much
dr
paula,
I
wanna
start
with
you.
I
wonder,
could
you
just
tell
us
a
little
bit
about
you
know
what
motivated
you
to
pursue
this
realm
and
field,
and
then
I
think
you
have
some
slides
for
us
to
turn
it
right
over
to
you
to
walk
us
through
them.
But
you
know:
how
did
you
get
into
this
work.
B
B
I
was
very
curious
and
also,
if
we're
going
to
be
honest
with
me,
not
knowing
about
mental
health,
I
was
you
know
like.
I
need
to
find
out
about
this.
I
need
to
kind
of
understand
this
better,
and
so,
as
I
dug
a
little
bit,
I
learned
how
prevalent
childhood
trauma
was
I
learned
how
how
it's
not
talked
about
and
what
happened
was
I
was
able
to,
because
I
was
in
a
close
relationship.
B
I
was
able
to
watch
how
childhood
trauma
was
playing
out
in
this
30
year
old
person's
life,
and
it
was
blowing
my
mind
and
then
when
I
could
go
to
a
book
and
I
could
read
and
then
I
would
look
over
and
he
was
doing
that
stuff.
I
was
like
okay
wow.
This
is
a
science
like
the
the
oncology
that
I
was
interested
in.
B
It's
a
similar
science
and
so
subsequently,
literally
by
the
end
of
my
first
year,
medical
school,
I
knew
I
wanted
child
psychiatry
specifically
to
work
on
the
prevention
of
child
abuse
and
trauma,
because
I
guess
my
overall
gut
feeling
was.
We
shouldn't
have
to
live
like
this
right
like
we
shouldn't.
We
shouldn't
have
to
struggle
throughout
our
lives
because
of
the
things
that
happen
to
us
in
our
childhood,
especially
if
it's
preventable
right
and
so
subsequently
yeah.
I've.
B
B
About
trauma,
and
specifically
with
regard
to
the
earliest
years
of
life,
zero
to
five
kind
of
what
I
work
with.
So
what
is
trauma
to
the
developing
brain-
and
I
just
wanna
talk
very
quickly
like
what
is
trauma
right
trauma
is
different
for
everyone.
What
is
trauma
for
you
might
not
be
trauma
for
me,
and
the
reason
why
that
is
is
because
it
has
so
much
to
do
with
how
we
respond
to
what
happened.
B
So
here
are
just
some
definitions,
an
emotional
response
to
a
terrible
event,
the
response
to
an
event
that
brings
a
purse
that
a
person
finds
highly
stressful.
That
stress
is
going
to
be
important,
frightening,
dangerous
or
violent
event
right,
something
that
is
deeply
distressing
or
disturbing,
and
when
it
comes
to
children,
essentially
it's
it's.
What
happens
when
a
child
feels
intensely
threatened
by
something
that
they
either
go
through
or
that
they
witness
right,
and
so
the
one
of
the
common
things
and
with
the
words
I
have
here
in
red?
B
B
There's
a
center
on
a
developing
child,
it's
a
consortium
at
harvard
and
they
talk
a
lot
about
stress
and
there
are
three
types,
so
you
have
positive
stress.
So,
let's
say
a
child
just
touches
a
hot
stove,
really
quickly
removes
his
hand,
he's
going
to
be
stressed,
his
body
will
release
stress
hormones,
it'll
be
quick,
and
ultimately
the
goal
with
positive
stress
is
that
you
learn
a
lesson:
it's
adaptive.
It
teaches
you
don't.
A
B
Stress
so
this
is
going
to
be
a
serious
but
temporary
elevation
of
your
your
hormones
and
I'm
talking
those
those
fight,
flight,
freeze,
hormones
right,
like
that
stress
response
that
you
did
just
comes
automatically
and
so
think
about
this.
As
you
know,
hearing
suddenly
that
your
favorite
grandma
passed
away
as
a
child
right.
So
that's
going
to
be
really
shocking.
That's
going
to
be,
you
know
like
stressful,
but
ideally
it's
going
to
be
buffered
by
the
the
relationships
that
you
have
around
you
right.
So
someone
will
come
and
comfort.
B
You
teach
you
how
to
kind
of
grieve
appropriately
process
that
loss
that
trauma
and
ultimately
that
will
be
a
tolerable
stress
and
then
there's
toxic
stress
and
toxic
stress
is
the
stress
that
we're
going
to
be
talking
about.
That's
the
stress
that
causes
these
long-term
effects
in
children,
and
so
some
of
the
situations
in
which
toxic
stress
can
occur
and
again
I'm
talking
zero,
think
think
about
think
of
an
infant
think
zero
to
one
years
old.
B
You
can
see
that
fight
fight,
freeze
response
is
just
going
to
be
on
it's
going
to
be
on
if
there's
no
one
or
other
support
to
kind
of
turn
it
off.
Another
good
example
for
this
is
going
to
be
like
situations
of
domestic
violence,
so
if
there's
kind
of
just
overall
chaos
in
the
home
or
frustration
in
the
home
high
tension
in
the
home,
although
and
a
lot
of
times
what
I
hear
you
know
I
was
like.
Yes,
we
would
fight,
but
he
was
in
the
other
room
or
he
was
so
small.
B
He
doesn't
remember
that
right
and
so
what
I'm?
What
I'm
going
to
share
today
is
an
explanation
is
how
brains
remember
that
right,
so
that
sort
of
thing
where
a
child
will
be
frightened
and
be
scared,
have
that
fight
flight
work.
Freeze
response
turned
on
not
able
to
turn
it
off.
That's
what
leads
to
toxic
stress,
and
so
I
want
to
talk
a
bit
about
again
this.
B
This
is
just
repeating
what
I've
said:
it's
strong,
frequent
or
prolonged
adversity
without
the
adequate
support
that
will
ultimately
turn
off
that
fight,
flight
or
freeze
response,
and
what
science
has
found
is
that
this
actually
changes
the
way
that
your
dna
is
expressed.
So
we're
talking
genes,
it
changes,
gene
expression
and
it
can
also
change
brain
development.
So
I
want
to
talk
about
brain
development
here
when
we
think
about
development
of
a
brain.
What
we're
talking
about
is
that
you
have
brain
cells
over
here.
B
B
Ninety
percent
of
it
happens
between
the
ages
of
zero.
To
three
and
again,
like
I
said
it's,
it's
determined
your
genes
determine
what
cells
are
going
to
connect
and
your
environment
and
your
influ
and
your
experiences
determine
how
strongly
they'll
connect
if
they
ultimately
disconnect
those
sorts
of
things.
Another
important
thing
to
talk
about
with
brain
development
is
that
the
brain
is
built
bottom
up
right,
so
you
start
at
the
brain
stem
and
you
start
there,
because
that
is
the
fun
the
essential
functions
necessary
for
life.
So
I'm
talking
blood
pressure
talking
heart
rate.
B
These
are
the
things
that,
if
you
don't
have
it,
if
it's
not
working,
you
will
not
be
alive.
Okay
and
as
we
move
up
from
the
bottom
of
the
brain,
and
literally
it's
back
here
up
to
the
front,
you
get
more
and
more
sophisticated
right.
So
this
stuff
back
here
is
gonna.
Keep
you
alive
this
stuff
up
here.
This
is
self-actualization.
This
is
who
do
I
want
to
be
when
I
grow
up?
B
B
It
is
important
because
it's
almost
like
a
not
exactly
use
it
or
lose
it,
but
almost
right,
and
so
what
happens
is
the
connections
that
are
used.
Often
they
get
strengthened
right
and
so
the
connections
that
are
used
less
frequently
they
get
weakened
and
they
get
pruned
so
pruning
is
a
natural
process.
Think
about
how
you
prune
bushes.
It
is
a
natural
process
that
happens,
and
it
is
the
goal
of
it
is
actually
to
optimize
the
functioning
of
the
brain.
So
you
have
this
incredibly
powerful
organ.
B
You
don't
want
it
wasting
time
doing
stuff
that
doesn't
matter.
You
don't
want
to
pay
attention
to
the
the
snoring
dogs
in
the
middle
of
the
situation.
Right,
you
want
your
brain
to
be
able
to
say
here.
Let
me
focus
and
take
care
of
what
I
need
to
take
care
of
right
and
so
again,
zero
to
three
the
most
important
period,
and
you
can
see
around
age
two,
two
plus
you
have
the
most
connections
you
will
ever
have
and
then
they
start
to
go
away.
B
Okay
and
again,
that's
a
good
thing,
but
you
can
imagine,
like
the
last
slide,
that
I
showed
you
if
you
are
in
fight
fighter.
Freeze
the
majority
of
zero
to
three.
The
connections
in
the
back
of
your
brain
are
gonna,
get
really
strong
and
when
it
comes
time
to
prune
those
won't
be
the
ones
that
are
pruned
right
and
the
body
only
has
so
much
energy.
B
So
while
I'm
focused
at
the
base
of
my
brain
there's,
not
a
lot
of
attention
going
to
the
front
of
my
brain,
and
so
when
we
talk
about
you
know
the
frontal,
lobe
and
and
being
able
to
think
you
know
think
about
the
future
plan
for
your
life.
What
would
you
like
organization,
these
sorts
of
things?
The
connections
in
the
frontal
lobe
are
not
built
in
the
way
that
they
otherwise
would
be
in
these
situations
of
toxic
stress,
and
so
this
slide
right
here
explains
this
and
kind
of
shows
this
in
more
detail.
B
This
is
the
don't
worry
about
the
terms,
but
this
is
the
prefrontal
cortex
and
the
hippocampus,
so
this
is
the
top.
This
is
the
you
know.
This
is
what
makes
us
humans
and
distinguishes
us
from
bears
right,
and
so
you
can
see
in
a
situation
of
toxic
stress.
There
are
less
connections
and
the
connections
are
damaged
right
and
so,
and
then
the
prefrontal
cortex
is
important
for
what
we
talk
about
executive
functioning.
B
B
This
is
not
the
only
way
that
you
get
a
diagnosis
of
adhd,
but
that
adhd
is
an
executive
functioning
deficit
right.
So
these
kids
have
difficulty
paying
attention.
They
have
difficulty
tending
to
what
the
teacher
is
saying.
For
instance,
they
have
difficulty
blocking
out
external
information,
often
times
you
get
distraction
right.
Additionally,
there's
impulse
control
disorders,
emotional
regulation,
this
regulation,
you
can't
control
your
emotions,
something
happens.
You
immediately
just
kind
of
like
have
a
blow
up
and
as
a
kid
continues
to
grow
substance.
B
Use
disorders
are
very
intimately
connected
with
this,
as
well
as
cognitive
delays
and
so
a
lot
of
times.
The
kids
who
have
exposed
to
who've
been
exposed
to
toxic
stress.
We
also
see
that
they
are
they
end
up
in
special
education
classes
right
and
I
think
special
ed
has
a
as
a
good
place
and
a
positive
place,
but
when
there's
a
disproportionate
amount
of
people
going
into
special
ed,
I
think
that,
that's
you
know,
that's
a
heads
up.
That's
we
need
to
pay
attention
to
that.
B
The
last
thing
I
want
to
talk
about
is
the
adverse
childhood
experiences
study.
I
this
is
a
very
high
overview,
but
essentially
what
happened
was
this
was
a
study
of
adults
who
were
very,
I
think
they
averaged
in
their
50s,
but
ultimately,
these
two
researchers,
what
they
asked
is
from
the
age
of
0
to
18.
Did
you
experience
any
of
these
things?
B
So
emotional,
physical,
sexual
abuse,
emotional,
physical
neglect,
anyone
in
the
household
who
was
incarcerated
had
a
mental
illness
had
substance
use,
did
you
witness
domestic
violence
and
did
you
have
parental
separation?
So
these
were
all
yes
or
no
questions
and
a
yes
got
you
a
one,
a
no
got
you
zero,
so
you
could
get
a
score
of
zero
to
ten
and
I
just
want
to
show
you
very
quickly
the
results.
B
It's
a
busy
slide,
but
I'll
walk
you
through
it
again
here
on
the
left.
It's
just
going
over
again
what
those
adverse
childhood
experiences
were.
It's
notable
that
two-thirds
of
the
population
this
was
about
a
study
of
17
000
people.
Two-Thirds
of
the
population
had
at
least
one
adverse
experience,
12.5
had
four
or
more
and
so
go
up
there
to
the
right
with
four
or
more
adverse
childhood
experiences.
B
What
these
researchers
found
was
that
there
was
a
graded
association
with
worsening
health
outcomes
as
well
as
mental
health
outcomes,
and
so
look
we're
talking
three
times
the
levels
of
lung
disease
and
smoking
11
times
the
use
of
iv
drugs
right,
14
times
the
number
of
suicide
attempts
and
again
you
can
read
the
rest,
but
you
can
ultimately
see
this,
isn't
just
mental
health
right.
So
early
childhood
adversity
that
leads
to
toxic
stress
has
very
long-term
outcomes.
Two
last
points
you
can
see
over
here
at
the
bottom
left.
B
B
I
kind
of
put
in
there
that
lead
to
toxic
stress
right,
toxic
stress,
leads
to
disrupted
neural
development,
so
your
brain
is
built
differently.
You
subsequently
have
social,
emotional
and
cognitive
impairment
right.
All
of
that
functioning
of
those
higher
skills
we
talked
about
you
adopt
healthy
excuse
me,
health
risk
behaviors.
B
A
Thank
you
so
much,
dr
poe
really
appreciate
the
time
that
you
took
to
put
that
together.
Super
informative.
I'm
gonna
turn
right
to
dr
dr
jones.
I'm
interested
in
what
your
reactions
are
to
what
you've
heard,
certainly
of
material
and
ideas
that
you're
familiar
with
but
yeah.
Where
does
your
mind?
Go
when
you
when
you,
when
you
hear
that-
and
I
know
you
have
some
slides
as
well
and
we'll
let
you
walk
us
through
those
those
two.
C
Yeah,
I'm
just
going
to
jump
right
into
them
because
my
reaction
is
is
actually
in
the
slides.
Thank
you
so
much
dr
paula.
That
was
wonderful.
I
think
it's
so
important
for
folks.
Rather,
you
have
you
know
higher
education
high
school
diploma,
just
you
know,
making
it
through
life,
got
street
knowledge
out
the
wazoo.
This
is
so
important
for
you
to
understand
what
your
brain
is
going
through,
because
no
matter
what
we
all
have
a
brain.
C
If
you
are
walking
and
talking,
you
got
a
brain
so
to
know
what's
happening
within
your
brain,
even
if
you
can't
remember
the
names
of
the
parts
of
the
brain
or
anything,
it's
still
so
very
important
that
you
know
what
your
brain
is
going
through
when
you've
been
exposed
to
a
traumatic
event.
That's
why
it's
important,
and
why
is
it
important
that
I
know
this?
C
Well,
if
I'm
a
parent,
I
can
see
these
certain
signals
and
signs
in
my
child
if
your
kid
is
sneezing
and
coughing
and
they
have
a
fever
nowadays,
we're
like
oh,
no
rona
doesn't
got
him.
You
know
we're
taking
them
to
the
doctors
immediately
and
the
doctor
looks
at
them
and
looks
at
the
symptoms
and
says
not
row
row.
C
You
know
some
positive
interruption,
and
so,
when
I'm
listening
to
dr
paula,
I
I
want
to
pick
off
where
pick
up
where
she
left
off
and
talk
about
now
that
that
traumatic
situation
has
happened,
our
brains
are
like
you're
getting
a
car
accident
or
no
selling
a
car
accident.
They
have
whiplash
and
they're
like.
I
feel.
Okay,
I'm
all
right,
but
then
their
shoulders
are
like
this
and
the
next
day,
they're,
like
oh
shoot.
My
whole
chest
hurts
my
back.
C
Hurts
my
head
doesn't
feel
right,
that's
what
your
brain
is
doing
when
your
brain
goes
through
a
traumatic
event
and
you're
in
the
trauma
is
not
processing
clearly
and
linearly.
What
happens
with
your
trauma
brain?
This
is
what
we
call
it
in
trauma
therapy.
We
call
it
the
trauma
brain
it's
the
after
effect.
After
this
horrific
situation
happened
or
after
a
series
of
weird
out
wrong
type
of
stuff,
you
know
just
to
just
to
unmask
it
it's
it's
things
that
happened
to
you
like
dr
paula
was
saying
that
you
just
didn't.
C
Have
the
capacity
to
deal
with
after
it
happens,
doesn't
mean
it's
all
done
a
lot
of
times.
I
know
my
clients
and
a
lot
of
people.
I
work
with
they're.
Like
am
alright,
it's
good.
It's
like
it!
That's
the
way
it
goes
in
the
hood
and
that's
the
life
in
it.
You
know,
okay,
all,
that's
well
and
good,
and
I
and
I
and
I'm
thankful
for
your
tenacity
and
your
grit
and
all
that.
However,
you
have
been
affected,
you
have
been
affected
and
a
lot
of
times.
C
We
know
that
you've
been
affected
or
that
we've
been
affected.
Let
me
talk
from
that
point
of
view.
Is
that
any
stimuli
similar
to
what
happened
to
you
comes
through
your
five
senses
and
jolts
your
memory
and
takes
you
back
there?
Your
brain
said:
hey.
This
stuff
is
happening
to
you
again
when
really
you're
not
re,
reliving
it
you're,
remembering
it,
and
so
your
brain
doesn't
know
the
difference
sometimes,
and
your
body
will
go
through
this
whole
cycle
of
events.
C
You'll
have
all
these
stress
hormones
coming
out
the
adrenaline
and
the
cortisol
from
that
fight,
flight
or
freeze
response
that
dr
paula
talked
about
and
what's
happening,
is
your
brain
is
signaling
that
olympic
system
that
part
of
the
brain
that
controls,
emotions
and
reactions,
the
amygdala
says
we
got
a
problem.
It
caused
the
rest
of
the
body
like
we
need
to
get
up
out
of
here
or
we
need
to
fight,
or
we
need
to
do
something
about
what's
happening
to
me.
C
This
is
what's
happening
and
let
me
act
like
this
and
do
this
that
part
gets
shut
off.
It
goes
out
the
door.
I
call
it
the
very
bad
executive
director
that
goes
to
lunch
every
time.
There's
a
problem,
that's
what's
happening,
and
so
it's
all
shutting
down.
Well,
what
does
this
look
like
in
children
in
teenagers
and
adults?
My
practice
I
work
with.
I
worked
with
children
and
teens
for
many
years.
I
love
teenagers.
C
People
say
why
and
I
say:
well,
you
know
it
before
it
used
to
be
because
I
didn't
have
teenagers
well
now
I
have
a
10
and
a
14
year
old.
So
now
you
know
I
still
love
them.
I
love
working
with
them
and
all
the
way
through
adults
and
family
therapy
and
group
therapy,
and
so
that's
my
my
background,
but
the
things
that
I've
seen
in
my
clients
throughout
the
years
are
all
these
symptoms.
I
won't
go
one
by
one
and
that's
why
I
made
up
a
chart.
C
C
Am
I
having
nightmares
and
dreams
and
little
ones
will
have
night
terrors
where
they
wake
up
and
scream
and
they're
shaking
you
can't
wake
them
up
and
it's
really
a
horrific
ordeal
a
lot
of
times
for
the
parents,
but
we
call
them
nighttime
traumas
as
well.
Are
they
dissociating
or
blanking
out,
or
you
know
this-
this
look
like
here,
you
know:
are
you
paying
attention
what's
going
on?
Is
it
looking
like
adhd,
80d,
they're,
hyperactive
or
they're
just
withdrawn
completely
kiddos
in
teens?
C
Have
specifically
will
talk
about
aches
and
pains
in
her
body.
I
had
a
client
that
had
all
these
stomach
issues
she
couldn't
go
to
bathroom.
She
couldn't
hold
food
in
sometimes
she
went
to
the
doctor
multiple
times
the
doctor
said:
nothing's
nothing's
wrong,
that's
nothing's
the
matter.
It
was
the
trauma
really
affecting
her
in
that
way,
destructive
and
harmful,
behavior.
Okay,
my
tweenies
and
my
teens
get
into
some
stuff.
You
know
legally,
they
might
have
some
issues
or
they're
just
doing
really
self-destructive
self-harm
cutting
burning
themselves,
drugs,
alcohol,
reckless
driving
behavior.
C
All
these
things
might
sound
familiar
reenactment
is
big
with
children.
I
had
a
little
kid
that
saw
his
brother
get
shot
and
he
came
in
with
his
mom.
While
I
was
doing
an
assessment
with
the
mom
and
she
said:
oh
no
he's,
okay,
he
he's
he's
fine,
he's
acting
fine
and
when
she
said
that
he
was
over
in
the
corner,
you
know
so
he
was
reenacting.
The
shooting
that
he
saw
in
sexual
abuse.
C
Reenactment
can
look
like
a
little
child
acting
out
on
another
child
that
is
around
their
age
when
that
big
age
difference
comes
in,
that's
usually
predatory
activity,
but
when
they're
around
the
same
age,
they're
reenacting,
what
actually
happened
to
them-
and
I
put
moody
a
very
unclinical
term-
my
teen
is
moody.
My
friend
is
all
moody.
They're
snapping
that
looks
like
trauma
is
affecting
them
big
time
when
they're,
just
irritable
and
angry,
and
really
don't
know
what
to
do
with
themselves.
Sometimes
we
know
a
lot
of
times,
dr
paul
and
menchie.
C
You
know
a
lot
of
times.
Ptsd
diagnosis
is,
is
saved
up
for
our
troops
and
god
bless
our
troops,
but
it's
not
just
with
our
troops.
It's
with
our
troops
out
there
on
the
street.
It's
with
our
troops,
our
mothers.
You
know
raising
these
kids.
We
are
the
real
troops
and
it's
happening
in
our
community
and
so
sleep
and
appetite
and
isolating
and
numbing
and
I've
seen
a
lot
of
this
come
through
with
the
covet
because
folks
are
staying.
C
You
know
to
themselves
and
not
really
knowing
what
to
do
with
themselves
and
a
lot
of
times.
Emotional,
numbing
and
isolation
will
come
from
that.
I
talked
about
concentration
being
guilty
and
you
know
I
should
have
never
been
there
with
him
or
I
shouldn't
have
never
let
my
I
had
a
I
had
a
mother.
That
said,
I
shouldn't
have
let
my
kid
go
to
that
party.
Well,
how
many
times
you
let
your
kid
go
to
a
party,
but
he
didn't
come
home
that
night.
C
You
know
he
was
killed,
and
so
she
had
that
guilt
and
shame
regression.
That
can
look
like
temper,
tantrums
and
bed
wedding,
but
it
can
also
show
up
in
adults
with
adults
feeling
and
acting
as
if
they
were
back.
When
that
you
know
assault
happened
to
them.
Hyper
vigilance
is
just
being
watchful.
A
lot
of
my
clients
need
to
sit
with
their
back
towards
the
wall
because
they
can't
have
you
know
the
door.
C
They
need
to
see
the
door,
they
need
to
look
at
everyone's
hands,
so
they're
might
have
a
high
startle
response
or
jumpy
or
they're,
always
scanning
the
room.
Looking
for
danger,
that's
that
that
primitive
part
of
the
brain
looking
for
danger
can't
remember
things.
I
don't
want
to
do
nothing
every
time.
I
call
you
you
don't
want
to
come
out
with
us.
That's
that
diminished
interests
and
activities
the
force
shortened
future
center
for
short
and
future.
C
C
I
have
a
client
right
now,
that's
incarcerated
in
the
federal
court,
and
he
said
I
don't
know
what
I'm
gonna
do
when
I
get
out.
I
don't
know
what
these
streets
got
for
me.
That's
his
way
of
saying.
Like
I
don't
know
if
I'm
gonna
live
the
next
day
when
I
get
out,
and
so
that
is
a
sense
of
foreshortened
future
doing
the
most
okay,
all
the
above,
etc.
C
Somebody's
wilding
out
they're
doing
the
most
they're
acting
out
of
character,
something's
wrong,
and
so
a
lot
of
times
trauma
in
our
black
communities
especially
goes
unresolved
and
unassessed
and
undetected.
Why?
Because
it's
perceived
as
it's
another
day,
okay,
this
happens.
This
is
what
goes
on,
but
it's
not
normal,
even
though
it's
perceived
as
normal.
C
A
A
D
Yeah,
so
we
are
positioned
to
do
grassroots
work
with
folks
so
really
being
as
toyah
mentioned
in
the
streets
with
folks
meeting
them,
where
they're
at
figuratively
and,
literally
speaking,
so
I
do
have
a
couple
questions
that
I
do
want
to
pose.
That
I'll
answer
that'll
help
to
illuminate
that
a
little
bit
better.
So
as
I'm
listening
to
to
both
dr
poe
and
dr
jones
speak,
it's
really
helping
me
do
what
dr
poe
said
as
well.
D
Like
connect
those
dots
when
you
have
those
experiences
with
people
who
are
your
friends,
your
family
members
or
in
your
network.
But
I
was
just
really
moved
by
a
lot
of
the
information
that
I
heard
today.
So
a
few
questions
that
came
up
for
me
are:
how
does
healing
look
for
folks
who
have
endured
so
much
complex
trauma
knowing
that
we're
in
the
midst
of
a
pandemic,
and
so
many
folks
are
hyper,
vigilant
and
hyper
anxious.
So
what
does
healing
look
like
with
that
sort
of
level
setting
and
we
take
that
into
consideration?
D
And
the
final
question
I
really
want
to
address
is
what
would
it
look
like
for
us,
as
a
community
and
as
a
collective
people
to
really
reimagine
what
trauma
informed
care
looks
like
in
the
work
that
we
do
with
the
historical
evidence,
the
historical
data
and
what
we're
learning
in
in
today's
society
and
the
work
that
we
do
and
just
interacting
with
people
all
together
so
decided
to
answer
your
question
more
directly
that
that's
essentially
what
what
we
do.
We
keep
these
three
questions
in
mind
when
we
work
with
people.
D
So
more
specifically,
we
have
a
a
workforce
development
program
that
is
specific
for
black
folks,
and
we
know
that
black
folks
experience
trauma
differently
than
other
groups
of
folks.
You
know
it's
not
about
playing
the
trauma
olympics
or
saying
that
one
person's
trauma
is
is
worse
or
more
worthy
of
something
than
another
person's,
but
as
as
dr
poe
was
going
through
the
adverse
childhood
experiences.
I
remember
when
I
did
that.
D
So
with
the
folks
that
we
do
work
with,
we
are
doing
two
two
things
simultaneously:
one
trying
to
equip
them
with
the
skills
and
the
knowledge
that
they
need
to
be
able
to
go
out
and
support
other
people
who
are
experiencing
mental
health
challenges
and
who
have
gone
through
traumatic
experiences,
so
essentially
everyone
that
they
come
in
contact
with
right.
Everyone
has
a
mental
health
story.
We
may
not
all
have
a
mental
health
diagnosis,
but
we've
all
experienced
some
level
of
trauma
and
mental
health
challenge
at
some
point
in
our
lives.
D
So
we
are
providing
psychoeducation
like
dr
poe
and
dr
jones
just
went
over
to
let
people
know
here's
the
the
science
behind
it
right.
You
don't
necessarily
need
to
understand
all
of
the
words,
but
just
have
a
basic
understanding
of
how
your
brain
works,
how
these
life
lived,
experiences
impact
your
current
thoughts
and
your
behaviors
and
your
your
beliefs
that
you
operate
by
and
in
addition
to
that
psychoeducation
we
realized
very
early
on
that.
We
also
have
to
provide
therapeutic
support
for
folks.
D
Folks
have
often
asked
us
well
what
kind
of
program
is
it?
Is
it
a
training
program,
or
is
it
a
mental
health
support
program
in
it
it's
at
the
intersection
of
both,
because
what
we
found
is
that
whenever
we
come
in-
and
we
start
talking
about
the
psycho
education
component
and
a
lot
of
the
things
that
dr
jones
and
dr
poe
just
mentioned
to
us
folks
immediately
start
to
connect
that
to
their
own
personal
experiences
and
they
say
okay.
Well,
this
is
what
I
experienced
when
I
was
a
young
person.
D
Here's
what
my
daughter
or
my
son
is
currently
experiencing,
and
I
don't
necessarily
have
the
words
or
the
skills
or
the
knowledge
to
confidently
handle
it
or
deal
with
it.
So
we
have
that
that
consultation
with
them
with
other
mental
health
professionals
and
their
peers
as
well
and
josiah
you-
and
I
spoke
about
this
prior
to
this.
D
This
conversation
is
just
how
do
we
give
folks
that
space
to
really
determine
what
healing
looks
like
for
them,
knowing
that
all
these
layered
complex
traumas
are
continuing
to
compound,
but
it
seems
as
though
society
in
the
world
is
right.
We're
opening
back
up
we're
getting
back
to
business
as
usual,
and
some
folks
may
not
even
be
operating
or
functioning
at
that
baseline.
D
They
may
not
have
been
at
their
own
baseline
of
operating
prior
to
the
pandemic
and
prior
to
having
all
these
things,
exacerbated
by
the
pandemic
by
way
of
job
loss,
loss
of
connectivity
to
their
peers
and
their
loved
ones,
actual
physical
laws,
so
people
losing
their
their
life.
And
you
know
you
lose
your
your
loved
one.
D
So
how
do
we
make
space
for
that
with
all
of
this
knowledge
and
information
that
we
have
and
knowing
that
folks
are,
are
just
doing
the
best
that
they
can,
and
sometimes
that
is
good
enough,
even
if
it
is
at
a
level
that
is
not
ideal
or
is
not.
You
know
on
that
that
fast
track
or
pathway
to
healing
and
josiah?
Another
thing
we
spoke
about,
I
think,
is
important
to
talk
about
is:
are
our
folks
ready
to
heal
when
they're
they're
introduced
to
it
right?
C
D
Really
think
that
combining
the
psycho
education
piece
that
we
talked
about
earlier
with
the
more
informal
understanding
and
the
these
informal
conversations
of
giving
people
an
opportunity
to
explore
their
trauma
and
what
it
looks
like
and
feels
like
for
them.
I
think
if,
when
we
couple
those
two
that's
when
we
can
start
to
get
on
that,
that
track
to
healing.
A
Thank
you,
julius
I'd
like
to
ask
a
question
to
the
group:
can
we
just
sit
with
this
idea
of
complex
trauma
because
I've
heard
it
mentioned
before?
How
do
we
think
about
that
like
term
and
then
and
I'm
wondering
yeah,
let's
just
let's
just
stay
there
for
a
second,
can
someone
kind
of
walk
us
through
what
complex
trauma
is.
B
B
It's
almost
like
when
we
think
about
the
treatments
you
literally
have
to
say:
okay,
if
you've
had
10
things
happen,
that
we're
all
traumatic
right
and
this
treatment
is
kind
of
we're
going
to
focus
on
one
we're
going
to
talk
about
your
trauma,
we're
going
to
process
it,
what
it
meant
to
you,
how
do
you
do
that
when
it's
10?
How
do
you
do
that
when
it's
20?
B
How
do
you
do
that
when
it's
my
life
right
and
now,
I'm
30
years
old
and
so
complex
trauma,
unfortunately
still
not
yet
recognized
by
the
dsm,
which
is
our
psychiatric
and
psychologies
like
manual
for
diagnosis,
but
I
do
believe
it's
coming.
There
have
been
attempts
to
do
it,
and
I
think
that
overall
people
are
understanding
trauma
and
its
complexity
a
lot
a
lot
more.
A
Thank
you
so,
and
I'm
wondering
from
all
of
your
work
when
you're
encountering
someone-
that's
not
that's,
not
ready
to
julius's
point
so
to
speak
or
is
just
trying
to
do
the
best
they
can
to
get
to
their
own
personal
baseline.
How
do
you
approach
that?
You
know
each
of
you
have.
You
know
work
that
you
do
in
that
field,
but
how
do
you?
How
do
you
meet
that
person
where
they're
at
practically.
C
You
know-
and
it
comes
out
like
that
and
I'll
say
to
them
when
you
are
really
talking
to
somebody
that
you
love
and
you
can,
you
can
tell
you
know:
they're
not
acting
themselves,
they're,
not
doing
things
the
way
they
used
to
they're,
really
suffering
they're
struggling.
You
know
they
have
all
these
symptoms
that
we
talked
about
you
kind
of
gather
receipts
on
them.
C
C
The
way
I
used
to
I'm
missing
paying
the
bills
and
it
ain't
just
because
of
my
money,
because
that
money
is
funny
sometimes,
but
it's
because
my
brain
is
just
not
able
to
focus
or
I'm
snapping
and
my
relationship
is
up
and
down
and
we're
arguing,
I
feel
physically
ill.
I
can't
sleep,
you
know
all
these
things
that
you're
thinking
about
you
know
it's
time
that
I
need
to
pick
up
the
phone
and
get
some
help.
C
It's
time
I
might
not
be
ready
to
go
through
what
I
know
is
probably
gonna
be
uncomfortable
for
a
little
bit.
You
know
it's
like
cleaning
a
fish
bowl.
If
you
ever
had
a
fish
tank
or
a
fish
bowl
cleaning,
it
is
the
worst
part
of
owning
a
fish
you
can
towel
is
sturdy,
but
when
you
start
getting
there
moving
the
rocks
around
and
all
the
poo
poo
and
the
cat
guy
comes
out
like
oh,
this
water
is
really
dirty.
C
That's
what
therapy
feels
like
initially,
then
you
clean
it
all
up
and
you
set
the
little
trees
in
right.
Put
that
clear
water
in
and
the
fish
seems
to
swim
happier
and
just
back
stroking
doing
its
thing.
That's
what
it
feels
like
you.
You
take
a
walk
with
your
clinician,
you
pick
who
you
want
and
you
make
sure
it's
the
right
one
for
your
issues
of
what
you're
dealing
with
you
know.
I've
gone
as
far
as
I
can
go
everything
I'm
doing
isn't
working.
C
C
You
know
western
psych
and
things
of
that
matter,
because
we
wait
to
the
last
minute
and
we
say
am
I
and
I
feel
some
kind
of
way,
but
I'm
gonna
be
all
right
and
really
you
need.
You
need
that
extra
help.
You
need
that
assistance.
You
wouldn't
walk
around
with
a
broken
leg
and
walk
on
your
leg.
Talking
about
I'm!
Alright,
you
go
to
the
emergency
room,
you
would
go
to
the
doctors
and
you
would
get
that
stitched
up
cast
it
up,
get
your
medicine
and
go
on
along
your
way.
C
I'm
so
glad
that
julie's
brought
that
up.
We
all
often
times
we're,
not
ready,
and
so
as
clinicians
we
meet
them
where
they
are
we're
not
pushing
them
into
doing
a
whole
bunch
of
stuff
they're
not
ready
to
do,
but
we're
normalizing
and
taking
the
stigma
of
mental
health
and
therapy
away
and
replacing
it
with.
This
is
normal.
You
are
reacting
normally
to
an
abnormal
messed
up
situation.
That's
what's
happening,
you're,
not
messed
up,
you're,
not
crazy.
The
crap
that
happened
to
you
was
crazy.
C
C
A
Thank
you
yeah.
So,
let's
use
our
remaining
time
to
to
talk
about
healing.
You
know.
We've
talked
about
trauma.
We've
talked
about
meeting
folks,
where
they're
at
we've
talked
about
some
some
some
thinking
around
how
you
might
approach
it
what's
possible,
you
know
with
healing
what
do
what
do
interventions
look
like?
What
do
treatments
look
like
what
do
resources?
A
D
D
It
may
liken
itself
to
like
gestalt
therapy,
I'm
not
an
expert
in
gestalt
therapy,
but
from
what
I
understand
about
it,
the
the
foundation
or
core
of
it
is
about
raising
people's
awareness
and
not
necessarily
looking
at
things
as
like,
an
either
or
but
it
could
be
an
and
a
both
right.
So
for
me,
an
example
that
I
would
give
for
myself
is
that
I
sometimes
like
dr
jones
said:
don't
want
to
necessarily
clean
out
that
tank,
because
I
know
what's
under
those
rocks.
D
I
know
how
you
know:
gritty
and
grimy
and
painful
it's
going
to
be
when
I
uncover
what's
under
those
rocks
right.
That's
that's
why
the
rocks?
Are
there
nice
and
pretty,
and
you
can't
really
see
what's
underneath
them
right,
because
I've
gotten
accustomed
to
just
swimming
around,
but
there's
there's
that
dirt
and
that
that
right
collecting
on
the
rocks
and
when
I
take
the
time
to
think
about
okay,
when
I
turn
this
rock
over,
what's
gonna
be
underneath
it
right,
and
what
does
that
mean
for
me?
D
How
is
that
going
to
make
me
feel
what
kind
of
things
is
it
going
to
bring
up
for
me
in
terms
of
memories
and
loss
and
grief,
and
does
that
feel
good
in
that
moment,
or
even
the
the
length
of
time
that
I'm
trying
to
work
through
and
and
process
those
emotions?
Absolutely
not
it's
it's
some
of
the
hardest
work,
if
not
the
hardest
kind
of
work
that
you'll
ever
do
on
yourself
as
a
human
being.
D
Have
insurance
go,
get
your
leg
fixed,
but
for
me
it's
like
what
what's
on
the
other
side
right,
the
fear
of.
What's
on
the
other
side,
so
it's
not
even
that
I
don't
want
to
get
well
or
become
well
it's
that
I'm
fearful
of
what's
on
the
other
side,
so
I
think
that
brings
me
to
the
the
education
piece.
Sometimes
we
we
just
don't
know
what
we
don't
know.
So
when
we
start
talking
to
people
about,
we
healing
is
like
abstract
right.
D
It's
like
what
does
that
even
mean
healing
it's
just
this
sort
of
arbitrary
thing,
but
healing
is
or
could
be
going
to
therapy
and
here's
what
going
to
therapy
looks
like
here's.
What
the
wait
time
could
be
like
here
is
how
you
can
vet
a
therapist.
If
you
get
one
therapist,
you
don't
have
to
stick
with
them.
You
can
pick
another
therapist.
You
can
find
one
that
has
a
certain
specialty.
You
can
talk
to
them
before
you
see
the
therapist.
D
B
But
it's
also
going
to
be
an
adult,
a
caregiver,
a
parent
with
them,
and
the
reason
for
that,
if
you
remember
what
I
talked
about
with
regard
to
trauma
and
that
overwhelming
stress
that
overwhelming
fear,
the
role
of
that
parent
or
caregiver-
is
going
to
be
to
help
secure
that
child
in
a
way
that
that
child
wasn't
secured
previously.
Right
and
again,
you
have
the
ability,
because
the
brain,
what
we
call
we
call
it
neuroplasticity,
meaning
it's
plastic,
it
can
move,
it
can
change.
B
And
so
the
goal
is
to
give
that
child
a
a
solid,
nurturing
and
supportive
relationship
with
this
adult
or
caregiver
that
will
subsequently
help
them
relearn.
You
know
appropriate
levels
of
fear,
not
to
fear
the
things
that
are
not
actually
happening.
You
know
those
memories
that
come
back
from
the
past
and
it's
also
important
a
lot
of
times.
What
you
find
is
that
you
also
have
to
help
the
parent
heal,
because
intergenerational
trauma
is
real
and
again
understanding
that
the
potential
trajectories
for
children
who've
gone
through
trauma
and
do
not
get
healing
right.
B
C
Thank
you
exactly.
I
totally
agree
with
that.
I
want
to
say
that
black
folk,
we
heal
differently,
and
I
don't
know
if
there's
any
scientific
evidence
about
it,
but
I
know
there's
anecdotal
evidence,
which
means
we
observe
that
we
heal
differently.
We
need
different
methods
in
different
ways
and
not
just
a
european
american
ways.
You
know
cbt
has
like
what
over
a
thousand
studies
that
supports
that
is,
it
is
effective
and
I
teach
cbt
so
I'm
not
knocking
cbt.
C
I'm
sorry
cognitive
behavioral
therapy.
Thank
you
thank
you.
Thank
you
and
trauma-focused
cbts
for
children
and
it's
very
effective
and
it
works.
However,
we
have
to
tailor
make
these
evidence-based
practices
for
our
people
and
so
black
folk.
We
are
tribal
people,
we
are,
you
know,
congregational
people,
we
need
our
faith
and
we
need
our
our
brown
skin
around
us.
C
We
need
our
music
to
heal,
we
need
the
kitchen
table,
we
need
our
hair
braided
and
you
know
and
talk
about
our
issues
and
we
need
to
go
big
mama's
house
and
get
some
cornbread
with
honey.
This
is
the
way
we
heal
and
there's
nothing
wrong
with
that.
Like
that's
right,
that's
right
and
we
put
it
with
other
evidence-based
methods
and
we
heal
that
way.
So
we
can't
forget
about
our
faith
and
our
spirituality.
C
C
She
talks
about
a
time
when
she
visited
south
africa
and
she
was
crying
about
all
of
the
injustice
and
the
poverty
and
the
hunger
that
she
saw
and
the
folks
in
the
village
the
women
in
the
village
gathered
around
her.
They
didn't
offer
her
tissues,
they
didn't
say
believe
in
yourself
and
your
inner
self
or
they
didn't
do
any
of
that.
They
sang
songs
of
healing
in
four
part
harmony.
Now,
I'm
a
singer,
and
so
four
part
harmony
is
like
delicious.
C
You
know
delicious
german
chocolate
or
something
I'm
trying
to
think
of
what
it
is,
but
it
sounds
so
wonderful
and
they're
sinking
back
and
forth,
offering
songs
of
healing
to
until
she
stopped
crying
and
smiled
and
laughed
with
those
in
the
village.
Well,
now
well
wait
a
minute:
they
didn't
have
these
methods
and
they,
but
that
is
the
way
they
healed
within
her
village.
Well,
we
come
from
africa,
those
of
us
that
are
african-american
and
so
rhythms
and
movement
and
song.
C
A
You
so
much
well,
I
think
we,
while
we
could
clearly
spend
so
much
more
time.
You
know
listening.
I
want
to
bring
the
conversation
to
a
close,
but
not
before
I
give
an
opportunity
for
you
all
to
point
folks
to
where
they
can
learn
more.
You
know:
where
can
they
learn
more
about
mental
health?
Supports
trauma
supports.
A
Where
can
they
learn
more
information
about
the
concepts
and
the
themes
that
we
have
covered
today
and
then
and
then
we'll
do
another
one
last
pass
of
questions
about
final
encouragements,
but
if
you,
you
know
as
you're
engaging
with
neighbors,
you
know:
where
should
they?
Where
should
they
go
to
learn
more
and
if
they
need
support
to
get
support
or
if
they
know
someone
that
should
get
support?
You
know
how
do
they
reach
out.
B
So
our
website
is
too
long,
but
I
will
tell
you
that
if
you,
google,
matilda
tice,
so
that
is
t-h-e-I-s-s,
you
will
find
us
in
the
upm
system
and
that
is
gonna,
be
again
specifically
for
children
ages,
zero
to
five.
We
have
a
therapeutic
nursery
and
preschool
that
actually
offers
free
care
in
addition
to
the
treatment
and
if
you
have
children
ages
any
age
above
that
up
to
17
years
old
who
has
experienced
trauma,
we
also
have
expanded
our
services
recently
to
treat
them
with
trauma-based
therapy.
A
C
I
want
to
say
there
are
several
clinicians
black
clinicians.
You
know
in
our
community.
Julius
has
a
directory,
a
lot
of
people
call
julius
to
say:
where
should
I
go
to
therapy?
I
love
that
he
collected
these
names
in
these
locations
so
I'll.
Let
him
talk
about
that
if
you'd
like,
but
there
there
are
several
places
that
I
know
that
specifically,
I
want
to
say
you
want
to
get
someone
that
is
a
trauma
specialist,
someone
that
has
experience
in
trauma.
C
If
that
is
what
you're
going
for
you
wouldn't
go,
you
know
to
a
podiatrist
if
you
had
all
of
these
eye
problems-
or
you
know
whatever
you
know,
you're
going
to
go
to
an
eye
doctor,
ophthalmologist
and
and
get
yourself
checked
out,
and
so
you
want
to
be
very
specific
in
that,
but
I
know
gwen's
girls
has
teenagers
and
the
therapy
department,
because
I'm
the
the
clinical
coordinator
for
the
therapy
department.
I
know
what
it's
about
their
vision
towards
peace.
They
have
all
black
clinicians
there.
C
I
don't
want
to
keep
naming
people
because
they're
going
to
get
mad
at
me,
but
you
know
women's
center
and
shelter
center
for
victims.
These
places
are
trauma
specific
center
for
traumatic
stress
on
the
north
side,
pittsburgh
action
against
rape-
these
are
all
trauma-specific
facilities,
so
find
a
place.
You
can
even
go
through
your
insurance
company
and
say
I
want
a
trauma
specialist.
D
Thank
you.
Doctors
I'll
just
compliment
what
they
said,
so
we
we
being
still
smiling
our
organization
is
very
aware
that
black
folks
in
particular,
some
folks
may
not
have
the
usual
access
to
getting
mental
health
services
and
access
is
very
broad
and
one
of
the
ways
that
we're
trying
to
focus
in
on
that
is
the
financial
access
that
comes
with
it.
D
So
we
have
what's
called
the
black
mental
health
fund
over
the
past
14
months.
We
know
it's
been
well
before
that,
but
particularly
over
the
past
14
months,
black
folks
have
been
enduring
higher
levels
of
stress
and
complex
trauma
and
as
a
one
of
the
potential
solutions
to
that,
we
created
this
black
mental
health
fund.
D
So
essentially,
if
you
are
a
black
individual
within
allegheny
county
and
you
are
looking
to
get
help
paying
for
mental
or
behavioral
health
treatment
services,
you
can
contact
still
smiling
and
we
will
have
that
conversation
with
you
gather
the
information
and
and
do
our
very
best
to
work
with
you
to
get
you
connected
with
an
appropriate
level
of
professional.
I
will
say,
as
a
caveat,
more
black
folks
are
reaching
out
for
support.
D
More
black
folks
are
asking
to
be
connected
with
black
clinicians,
and
that
does
create
some
challenges.
In
terms
of
you
know,
potential
wait
times
and
whatnot,
but
it's
a
beautiful
thing
to
see
that
more
people
are
they're
they're
owning
their
own
healing
journeys.
So
it's
still
s-t-e-e-l
smiling
p-g-h
dot,
o-r-g
and
we'd
love
to
to
walk
that
journey
with
you.
A
Thank
you
all
so
much
we're
going
to
wrap
it
up
here,
just
final
encouragements
for
folks
that
are
on
your
heart
after
this
conversation,
whether
they're
on
their
own
healing
journey
or
you
know,
standing
in
faith
and
belief
for
someone
that
they
love.
You
know
where.
Where
does
your
mind
go?
You
know
to
encourage
them
in
this
moment
and
let's
go
right
back
around
dr
dr
poe.
B
What
I
would
say
is
trauma
is
universal
similar
to
what
dr
toyo
was
saying.
It's
not
that
there's
something
wrong
with
you.
It
is
that
something
has
happened
to
you
and
I
think
again,
it's
easy
for
it
to
be
stigmatizing.
It's
easy
to
think
that
you're,
the
only
one
you're
not
and
again
it's
almost
like
similar
to
you
know
if
people
could
see
on
us
what
is
inside
of
us.
I
think,
honestly,
we
feel
a
little
bit
closer
to
one
another,
because
you
would
realize
you're,
not
the
only
one.
B
So
I
would
just
encourage
you
and,
like
like
julia,
said,
and
I
love
that
you
are
so
transparent
and
shared
it's
hard.
It
is
hard
work,
but
ultimately
the
result
and
the
healing
on
the
other
side
is
not
just
good
for
you,
it's
good
for
everyone
who
you
love,
everyone
who
you
touch,
everyone
who
you
will
influence.
So
I
encourage
you
to
seek,
seek
help
and
support
and
we're
here
for
you.
B
C
We
have
a
funny
saying
in
my
family
you're,
no
good
for
nobody,
if
you
don't
take
care
of
yourself
and
so
we'll
say
that
to
each
other
around
the
house.
Look
at
you!
You
know
good
for
nobody.
That
means
you
have
to
do
some
self-care,
you
gotta,
get
yourself
up
and
exercise
and
eat
right,
put
the
fritos
down.
What
are
you
doing?
You
know
you
know
you're
doing
these
things
to
yourself.
You
might
have
heard
our
presentation
today
and
thought.
Well,
I'm
not
I'm
not
there!
Yet,
okay,
that's
good!
C
Let's
keep
on
the
track
and
maybe
go
backwards
so
that
you
don't
get
there
where
you're
having
all
these
symptoms.
So
it's
better
to
prevent
by
really
taking
care
of
your
temple,
taking
care
of
yourself
taking
care
of
your
mind.
Turning
off
the
news
getting
those
nutrients
and
water,
big
jugs
of
water,
I
drink
a
big
jug
of
water
every
day.
You
know
keeping
yourself
healthy,
keeping
yourself
around
people
that
make
you
laugh
and
that
you
can
share
your
heart
with.
C
You
know
make
sure
you're
structuring
that
time
at
work,
where
you're
not
always
working
and
barely
playing
so
balance
that
out
and
make
sure
spiritually
you
are
in
tune
and
you
are
intact
whatever.
That
means.
Whatever
religion,
you
are,
if
it
means
walking
through
the
woods
and
hearing
the
birds
chirp
that
is
spirituality
as
well,
making
sure
that's
balanced
out
so
that
you
are
always
taking
care
of
yourself
and
that
you're
good
you're
good
for
other
people.
D
D
A
A
Certainly
some
some
heavy
material,
but
we
hope
folks
feel
encouraged
by
what
has
been
shared
and
we
definitely
encourage
you
to
look
up
each
of
the
organizations
that
get
plugged
in
as
as
makes
sense
and
keep
an
eye
out
for
additional
conversations
where
we're
going
to
continue
to
unpack
these
themes
and
bring
relevant
information,
opportunities,
resources
and,
ideally
encouragement
to
folks
as
we're
all
navigating
our
own
lives
and
and
coming
out
of
the
pandemic.
I
mean
what
a
well-timed
discussion
to
really
talk
about.