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From YouTube: DEC 13, 2019 | City Council Study Session - Equity Work in the Context of City Government
Description
San José City Council Study Session: Equity Work in the Context of City Government.
View Agenda at https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=A&ID=714758&GUID=5162682F-2453-4896-B033-D61D7A4C0866
A
Welcome
everybody
I
want
to
make
sure
we're
respectful
of
everyone's
time
and
that
we're
able
to
get
going
here.
Welcome
to
our
study
session
on
building
a
shared
understanding
of
equity
work
in
the
context
of
city
government.
This
will
be
the
first
of
two
study
sessions
and
undoubtedly
many
other
public
convenings
and
I
really
want
to
express
my
appreciation
to
those
who
are
with
us
to
help
us
learn
and
to
guide
us
a
bit
dr.,
Steven,
petty
Julie,
Nelson
from
gare
and
Leon
Andrews
from
National
League
of
Cities.
A
B
Thank
You
mayor
appreciate
everyone
being
here
today
on
a
Friday
afternoon
and
very
much
appreciate
the
mayor
and
the
council
for
this
opportunity
and
in
space
for
this
discussion.
I
want
to
give
special
thanks
to
angel
and
Lee
and
Zuma
and
Stephanie
for
all
their
work.
To
kind
of
pull
this
together.
B
I
want
to
thank
our
gare
teams
here
in
the
city
for
their
commitment
and
hard
work,
and
certainly
want
to
thank
all
of
the
community
and
just
want
to
acknowledge
you
know
this
work
in
inequity
goes
on
all
the
time,
and
this
is
part
of
a
process
to
continue
to
strive
toward
an
equitable
San
Jose.
Just
for
a
little
context
and
I
know,
the
council
already
knows
this,
but
some
in
the
audience
and
some
watch
you
may
not.
You
know.
B
For
me,
this
first
became
an
issue
when
I
when
I
started
as
a
city
manager,
I
did
a
lot
of
listening
to
the
workforce
and
into
our
community
and
I
can
tell
you.
Some
were
super
excited
about
the
city's
future
and,
and
some
were
concerned
about
the
city's
future
and
and,
to
my
surprise,
actually
I'll
be
honest
with
you.
B
Equity
and
race
came
up
a
lot
in
those
sessions
when
when
I
was
listening,
and
so
when
staff
came
to
me
early
on
and
when
I
became
city
manager
and
requested
that
we
engage
in
in
kind
of
a
year
of
learning,
with
the
government
Alliance
on
race,
inequity
dare
I
that
it
was
the
right
thing
for
for
the
organization
and
certainly
for
us
in
terms
of
a
learning
opportunity.
And
so
we
began
our
engagement
with
care
in
2018,
and
it's
continued
for
the
past
two
years.
B
Over
these
last
two
years,
we've
intentionally
focused
on
our
capacity
building
with
any
organization
increasing
our
the
infrastructure,
collecting
data
and
providing
training
to
staff
and
in
supporting
the
departments
that
are
involved
with
care
to
create
kind
of
a
more
normalized
conversation
around
how
we
approach
this
work.
Then.
Last
year,
in
the
budget
process,
we
were
first
asked
to
apply
an
equity
screen
to
some
of
our
programs,
which
we
did,
and
we
were
also
directed
through
that
process
to
schedule.
B
A
study
session
with
the
full
council
and
city
leadership
focused
on
identifying
and
implementing
solutions
to
address
inequities
in
our
community
in
September.
Through
our
rules
process,
additional
direction
was
given
to
us
in
terms
of
kind
of
the
content
of
the
study
sessions.
I've
continued
to
do
a
lot
of
listening
and
I
will
tell
you
that
I
know
for
some
we're
we're
moving
too
fast
here
and
for
others.
We're
moving
too
slow.
B
Just
want
to
acknowledge
that,
as
we
continue,
our
efforts
to
to
build
a
more
equitable
San,
Jose
I
think
we're
all
committed
to
listening
and
learning
I'm
asking
questions
as
to
why
things
are
the
way
they
are
and
finding
solutions
to
make
things
better.
For
all
members
of
our
community
and
I
can
tell
you.
B
B
Our
first
guest
is
Steven,
petty,
a
professor
of
history,
American
Studies
and
ethnicity,
race
and
migration
at
university,
Yale
University,
following
professor
petty
you'll,
hear
from
Julie
Nelson
senior
vice
president
of
race
forward
and
co-chair
co-director
of
the
government
Alliance
on
racing
and
equity
gear,
and
then
Leon
Andrews,
director
of
race,
equity
and
leadership
from
the
League
of
national
cities.
So
thank
you
for
being
here
and
we
look
forward
to
your
presentation.
C
Thank
you,
city
manager,
Sykes
and
mayoral
Accardo,
and
everyone
here
I'm
here
to
talk
about
San,
Jose's
history
briefly
and
to
say
a
few
words
about
past
equity
struggles
and
try
to
provide
the
context
that
a
historian
can
provide
for
their
critical
conversations.
That
I
think
everyone
here
is
committed
to
having
in
2019
and
beyond.
C
I
want
to
make
a
pitch
for
the
importance
of
San
Jose's
history
and
for
the
importance
of
history
generally
for
any
considerations
of
public
policy,
community
building
and
all
the
great
work
that
those
in
city
government
are
undertaking
now
and
in
the
future.
I
think
we
still
know
too
little
about
San,
Jose's
history
and
some
of
the
reason
we
know
so
little
about
San
Jose's.
History
is
because
I
think
it's
somewhat
baked
into
the
culture
of
this
area
too.
C
If
we
only
look
to
the
entrepreneurs,
the
forward
thinkers,
the
visionaries
and
avoid
thinking
about
the
everyday
people
and
those
whose
lives
have
been
shaped
by
a
lack
of
equity
or
even
the
presence
of
discrimination
over
time,
I
would
suggest,
based
on
my
historical
research,
that
issues
of
race
have
been
actually
central
to
San,
Jose's
identity
and
to
the
social
and
political
dynamics
that
have
shaped
life
in
this
valley
over
the
last
200
years
and
that
it's
important
to
know.
San
Jose
is
history.
C
If
we
want
to
think
about
issues
of
equity
and
our
next
steps,
history,
I
think
is
both
the
foundation
and
the
framework
in
which
we
live
today,
and
it
provides
the
ways
in
which
we
can
see.
What's
going
on
around
us
and
imagine
better
futures
for
everybody.
In
my
reading,
San
Jose
San
Jose
is
government.
C
There
are,
of
course,
multiple
histories
that
need
to
be
thought
about
when
we
think
about
this
area
and,
to
my
mind,
dominant
versions
of
history,
of
what
the
San
Jose
is,
can
sometimes
obscure
other
critical
histories
that
are
equally
important
for
the
shaping
of
this
area.
Sometimes
we
talk
about,
for
example,
the
Spaniards
who
brought
civilization
to
this
region.
That's
a
version
of
history,
the
valley
as
an
idyllic
land
for
family
farmers
in
the
19th
century.
C
That's
a
version
of
history,
the
immigrants
who
supposedly
assimilated
seamlessly
into
regional
society
a
hundred
years
ago,
another
version
of
history,
the
ways
in
which
middle-class
families
made
this
place
a
land
of
opportunity
in
the
1940s
in
the
1950s.
The
sense
that
the
tech
revolution
based
here
was
a
product
of
individual
genius.
That's
a
version
of
history
or
that
San
Jose
has
become
an
ever
more
liberal,
ever
more
welcoming
place
for
everybody
over
the
last
50
years.
C
So
if
we're
going
to
talk
about
the
history
of
San
Jose
from
these
moments
forward,
we
have
to
acknowledge
I
think
that
white
supremacy
was
a
key
factor
during
that
period
and
might
at
least
possibly
have
continued
to
be
important
into
the
20th
century.
The
fact
the
city's
founding
framers,
the
city
and
county
officials
in
that
period,
its
farmers,
its
other
elites,
its
regional
Brewster's,
were
not
innocents.
In
this
period,
powerful
people
sent
residents,
San,
Jose
residents
of
color
and
immigrants
and
others
to
jail
on
anti
vagrancy
charges
turned
them
into
indentured
workers.
C
Before
and
after
the
American
Civil
War
white
people
commonly
called
themselves
farmers
to
distinguish
themselves
from
peons
in
this
area.
Farmer
was
a
racial
code
word
in
the
19th
century.
That
was
intended
to
distinguish
people
from
indolent
lazy,
racial
others
and
to
define
Latinos
and
others
in
this
area,
as
people
who
were
seeded
suited
for
menial
labor,
but
not
entitled
to
full
citizenship.
C
If
we're
gonna
think
about
San
Jose's
history
in
the
history
of
equity,
we
should
also
remember
that
San
Jose
ins
developed
systems
of
racial
violence
in
the
19th
century
that
targeted
Mexicans
and
others
in
the
valley
lynchings
were
not
uncommon.
In
this
place.
A
hundred
and
fifty
years
ago,
Mexicans
were
criminalized
and
labeled
monsters
or
labeled
Tigers
in
the
19th
century.
In
ways
that
sounds
a
little
bit
like
the
super
predator
language,
so-called
of
the
1990s.
C
C
Who
was
a
landowner
in
advance
of
the
Mexican
War,
whose
land
was
squatted
on
by
incoming
white
settlers
in
the
night
in
the
1840s
and
the
1850s
Antonio
Chavarria
went
to
court
in
the
1850s
to
try
to
prove
that
that
land
was
his
and
that
these
squatters
did
not
actually
belong
on
his
land.
In
1861,
Antonio
chamoy
won
his
court
case.
The
court
agreed
that
the
land
was
in
fact
property
of
the
Chippewa
family
and
the
sheriff
was
charged
with
removing
those
squatters
from
chapelier's
land.
C
Thanks
to
the
activities
of
everyday
citizens
and
of
government
officials,
many
became
agricultural
low-wage
agricultural
workers.
Others
became
industrial
workers
at
the
new
Alma
tin
mine,
just
15
miles
roughly
south
from
here
facing
racism
and
segregation
in
housing
and
in
employment
facing
a
different
kind
of
violence,
distinct
from
lynching,
but
the
kind
of
violence
that
people
face
in
dangerous
work
situations,
mining,
for
example,
rap
people,
ran
the
risk
of
explosions,
maiming
and
so
forth.
C
This
period
of
the
late
19th
century
also
sees
the
systematic
development
of
wage
differentials
of
what
we
might
think
of
as
a
dual
wage
system
that
defined
white
workers
as
being
worth
a
certain
amount
of
money,
money
on
an
hourly
or
daily
basis
and
Mexicans
being
worth
roughly
half
of
what
white
workers
were
earning
in
the
valley
for
very
similar
work.
So
all
this
in
the
19th
century
set
the
stage
for
20th
century
developments
and
20th
century
structures
for
racial
disparities.
C
That
would
include
a
dual
wage
structure
for
white
and
non
workers
in
the
early
twentieth
century.
Valley
that
would
include
a
lack
of
property
held
by
Latinos
and
other
people
of
color
property
was
largely
in
the
he
almost
exclusively
in
the
hands
of
white
San,
Jose
ins
in
the
20th
century.
That
would
include
the
physical
removal
and
segregation
of
Latinos
from
whites
residents
in
the
early
20th
century,
and
all
of
this
set
the
stage
for
the
arrival
of
larger
numbers
of
Mexicans
to
this
place
during
the
1910s
in
the
1920s.
C
Mexicans
in
this
period
were
more
commonly
lumped
together
with
the
Chinese
or
with
African
Americans
as
something
other
than
white.
During
this
period,
the
city
city
government,
the
county
government,
didn't
do
much
to
urge
Mexicans
towards
positions
of
greater
stability
or
greater
equity
in
this
region
and
in
part,
for
that
reason,
there
were
very
there
was
a.
There
was
essentially
no
middle
class
developing
for
mexican-americans
in
the
first
half
of
20th
century,
very,
very
few
professionals,
almost
no
mexican-americans
employed
by
the
city
government
until
well
into
the
20th
century,
for
example.
C
I
think
the
first
City
and
mexican-americans
city
employee
in
San
Jose,
was
a
man
named
Manuel
Castillo,
who
was
hired
to
be
a
police
officer
in
the
mid
1920s,
no
mexican-american
city,
employee,
the
or
that
that
I'm,
aware
of
these
Mexicans
and
mexican-americans
in
the
first
decades
of
the
20th
century,
were
welcomed,
but
only
as
seasonal
workers
who
would
be
kept
out
of
urban
permanent
jobs,
which
is
to
say
they
were
not
working.
They
were
not
allowed
on
the
whole
to
work
in
construction,
jobs
or
other
urban
trade
jobs.
C
Local
labor
unions
played
an
important
role
in
keeping
Mexicans
and
Mexican
Americans
out
of
permanent
residency
in
San
Jose
in
this
period.
This
is
the
American
Federation
of
Labor,
principally
who
would
say
things
like.
We
don't
want
San
Jose
to
turn
into
another
Los
Angeles
another
place
where
there's
too
many
Mexicans
as
it
was
thought
in
the
1920s
and
1930s
by
many
Mexicans,
were
described
as
criminals
and
the
locals.
C
The
the
the
city
of
San
Jose
passed
a
resolution
that
assured
that
all
local
city
jobs
would
only
go
to
US
citizens,
which
was
a
code
for
keeping
Mexicans
out
of
permanent
city
jobs.
So
partly
for
these
reasons,
Mexicans
and
mexican-americans
had
a
very
difficult
time
establishing
permanent
residency
in
this
place
for
much
of
the
first
half
of
the
20th
century.
Those
who
did
try
to
establish
permanent
residency
here
were
often
run
out
of
neighborhoods
by
neighbors
by
real-estate
developers
and
others
who
complain
that
Mexicans
were
ruining
neighborhoods
in
what
we
now
think
of.
C
C
For
these
reasons,
developers
and
homeowners
established
restrictive
racial
covenants
in
the
1920s.
That
became
an
incredibly
common
from
1920
into
the
mid
and
late
1940s.
Those
restrictive
racial
covenants,
which
declared
that
people
could
not
sell
or
rent
property
to
non-whites
help
to
make
places
like
Palo,
Alto
and
other
sub.
Suburban
communities
adjacent
to
San
Jose,
more
like
white
enclaves
than
diverse
ones
in
the
late
1940s.
C
These
neighborhoods,
of
course,
had
places
like
piojo,
lice
and
South
Cypress
in
these
places.
Mexican
Americans
in
the
1920s
and
30s
became
more
American
in
certain
ways,
but
often
with
little
support
from
local
officials
or
local
institutions.
Labor
unions
did
very
little
to
assist
these
residents.
Local
officials
did
little.
C
Mexicans
and
mexican-americans
tend
to
define
themselves
still,
inheriting
the
traditions
of
the
19th
century
in
low
wage
occupations
that
were
marginal
to
the
gains
of
the
urban
economy,
as
manufacturing,
developed
Mexicans
were
often
kept
out
of
the
jobs
at
places
like
Kaiser
or
even
the
US.
Navy
unions
continued
not
to
help.
There
were
no
mexican-americans
who
were
members
of
unions
like
the
retail
clerks
or
the
painters
or
the
culinary
workers,
or
the
carpenters
or
many
other
AFL
locals
during
the
1940s.
C
The
county
did
not
hire
Mexicans
in
1947
there
were
roughly
a
thousand
county
employees
of
whom
only
nine
were
mexican-american,
so
instead
mexican-americans
continued
to
crowd
into
the
east
side
and
continued
to
move
into
the
lowest
wage
occupations
in
this
area
facing
criminalization
as
a
non-white
population
as
they
had
in
the
nineteenth
century.
When
the
tech
industry
took
off
in
the
1950s
in
the
1960s,
many
ethnic
Mexicans
were
still
working
in
the
fields
and
living
in
East,
San
Jose.
C
C
But
this
was
a
small
group
in
1964
in
the
city
of
San
Jose,
there
were
only
five
Mexican
American
lawyers.
There
were
only
20
mexican-american
teachers.
There
were
only
six
Mexican
American
social
workers.
The
story
of
from
the
50s
and
60s
forward,
then,
is
one
of
mexican-americans
I'm
being
held
back
and
arriving
quite
late
to
middle-class
status
to
equity
in
a
way
that
I
think
we
would
like
to
understand
equity
today,
but
it's
also
one
in
which
mexican-americans
and
others
worked
to
advance
representation
and
work
to
advance
equity.
C
Over
the
last
50
years
there
were
efforts
by
the
1950s
and
1960s
to
achieve
political
representation
for
mexican-americans
in
city,
government
and
county
government.
These
efforts
never
really
took
never
really
succeeded
until
the
1970s,
at
a
time
at
which,
during
the
late
19th
century,
more
and
more
immigrants
were
arriving
in
this
era
area
and
Latinos
still
faced
high
unemployment
in
the
1970s
and
in
the
1980s.
The
unemployment
rate
among
Latinos
in
San
Jose
was
twice
as
high
as
it
was
for
white
residents
of
San
Jose.
C
The
per
capita
income
for
Latinos
in
San
Jose
was
roughly
half
what
the
per
capita
income
was
for:
white
San,
Jose
ins,
high
dropout
rights
rates
and
local
schools.
Dogged
Latinos
in
this
era
area
and
increasingly
Mexican
and
Mexicans
and
mexican-americans
and
other
Latinos
who
benefited
from
the
the
Silicon
Valley
economy
did
so
by
occupying
the
lowest
ranks
the
lowest
rungs
of
the
ladder
of
that
economy,
which
is
to
say,
they
moved
into
assembly
jobs
that
were
linked
to
the
two
jobs
at
IBM
and
elsewhere
by
the
late
1980s.
C
There
were
50,000
local
assembly
workers
working
in
those
low-wage
jobs,
and
most
of
them
were
women
of
color.
In
this
place,
this
period
of
the
1970s
80s
and
90s,
as
Silicon
Valley
takes
off
also
sees
the
rise
of
subcontracting,
which
includes
many
Mexicans
and
Mexican
Americans
in
janitorial
roles
as
construction
workers
as
landscape
workers,
the
rise
of
service
professions,
restaurants,
car
washes
and
the
like.
We
might
think
of
this
as
being
a
benefit
of
the
Silicon
Valley
economy.
C
C
A
I
wanted
to
ask
all
the
members
of
the
community.
If
you
could,
please
fill
out
a
card,
because
what
we'd
like
to
do
after
we've
had
the
presentation
is
then
hear
from
the
public
I
think
this
is
really
for
us
more
than
anything
listening
opportunity
on
the
council.
So
please,
if
you
like
to
speak,
we'll
be
hearing
from
the
public
before
we
come
back
to
the
council.
Wonderful
next
I
believe.
D
E
One's
gonna
start.
Okay.
Thank
you
so
good
evening
glad
to
be
with
you
here
in
the
city
of
San
Jose
Leon
Andrews,
with
the
National
Inca
city's
director
for
real.
We
are
glad
to
come
and
share
with
you,
essentially
the
work
that
we've
been
doing
in
cities
across
the
country
on
racial
equity
and
glad
to
be
partnering
with
the
government
Alliance
for
race
for
race
and
equity
I
want
to.
We
want
to
start
by
just
giving
a
little
bit
of
background
of
our
work.
E
Both
the
national
ago
city
is
real,
as
well
as
the
government
Alliance
for
race
inequity.
Real
was
created
four
years
ago,
four
and
a
half
years
ago
by
our
CEO
Clarence
Anthony
and
our
president
at
the
time,
Mayor
Chris
Coleman
from
st.
Paul
Minnesota
I'm
in
the
backdrop
of
Ferguson
Ferguson,
was
a
member
of
the
is
a
member
of
the
National
League
of
Cities.
D
Race
forward
is
a
national
racial
equity
organization
working
across
the
country,
not
only
with
government,
through
the
government
Alliance
on
race
and
equity,
but
supporting
policy
change,
supporting
grassroots
community,
organizing
and
also
working
to
change
the
narratives.
The
stories
that
get
told
about
race
and
racial
equity
have
a
vision
that
we
can
actually
get
to
racial
equity.
E
All
right,
so
our
time
together,
is
to
really
try
to
accomplish
these,
to
talk
about
our
purpose
and
our
outcomes.
So
our
purpose
here
is
to
build
a
shared
understanding
of
what
equity
work
means
in
the
context
of
local
government.
Why
it's
important
and
how
to
embed
a
framework
that
reduces
inequities?
Our
hope
is
at
the
time
that
we
have
with
you
is
that
there
that
there
is
a
better
shared
understanding
that
will
allow
us
to
lay
the
groundwork
for
something.
E
That's
more
thoughtful,
intentional
multi-tiered,
as
you
think
about
the
work
that
you're
doing
here
from
a
systems
change
level
in
San
Jose,
with
with
the
ultimate
goal
of
improving
outcomes
for
everyone
here
in
the
city
of
San
Jose.
When
will
was
created,
we
were
essentially
our
work
want
to
give
you
a
sense
of
the
work
that
we
do.
We
provide
training
and
technical
assistance
to
cities.
We
have
created
cohorts
for
cities
to
come
together
and
learn
with
one
another.
E
We
have
a
number
of
initiatives
where
we're
able
to
do
that
and
provide
more
intensive
training,
also
want
to
acknowledge
that,
while
we're
here
today,
I
don't
want
to
really
acknowledge
this,
as
it's
like
a
mini
training.
I
think
the
work
that
we
do.
We
recognize
that
this
is
two
hours
or
so
with
you,
but
you
know
to
do
this.
Training
there's,
obviously
not
on
just
a1
101
and
all
of
a
sudden,
you
walk
away,
is
racial
equity
experts,
but
our
our
hope
here
is
that
we're
laying
a
foundation
for
understanding
the.
E
Why
why
changes
needed,
maybe
give
you
a
sense
of
what
are
some
proposed
solutions
that
US
City
Council
could
be
thinking
about
doing?
How
do
you
begin
using
you
know
using
your
the
platform,
you
have
to
be
more
intentional
and
have
some
sense
of
urgency.
Maybe
there's
a
walk,
a
sense
of
what
we
don't
want
to
wait.
E
We
shouldn't
wait
another
month
year,
five
years,
but
we
need
to
be
very
intentional
in
that
space,
so
our
work
is
very
much
creating
the
space
where
we
do
that
to
our
trainings
technical
assistance
and
network
building,
oh
and
and
then
she
gives
a
sense
of
kind
of
where
we
show
up
across
the
country.
So
in
the
last
five
four
and
a
half
years,
real
has
provided
training,
technical
assistance
and
network
opportunities
for
city
leaders
to
connect
from
across
the
country
we're
in
over
1200
cities,
towns
and
villages.
E
So
I
want
to
give
you
a
sense
of
obviously
our
breadth
as
well
as
our
depth,
as
you
can
see
in
California,
but
literally
across
the
country,
and
I'll
have
Julie
talk
about
gear,
but
before
I
do
that
I
also
want
to
be
able
to
acknowledge
that
while
we
do
this
work,
but
we
don't
approach
this
while
it's
important
to
talk
about
the
morale
piece
of
this
I
did
that
this
there's
a
moral
issue
to
why
government
should
care
about
racial
equity
I.
Also,
we
really
emphasize
from
a
government
perspective.
E
Dealing
with
racial
equity
is
good
governance.
It
allows
you
to
be
more
intentional
about
creating
more
profitable
prosperous
city,
safer,
healthier,
more
accountable
government,
and
so
it's
really
important
to
really
understand
it.
It's
not
just
the
right
thing
to
do
or
the
moral
thing
to
do
and
that
there
obviously
there's
a
need
to
talk
about
this,
but
there's
really
important
to
really
understand
it.
Just
allows
government
to
be
much
more
effective
and
much
more
impactful,
and
so
that
for
us,
just
in
terms
of
making
a
case
for
racial
equity
is
really
important.
D
Thanks
Leon
and
thanks
professor
penny,
I,
really
appreciated
the
grounding
in
history,
I
think
for
us
to
make
progress
in
working
on
racial
equity.
We're
not
going
to
be
able
to
do
it
unless
we
acknowledge
and
are
accountable
for
our
history,
so
I'm
really
appreciated
starting
our
session
today,
with
that
I
want
to
thank
council
members
for
having
us
here
today.
D
I
also
want
to
thank
the
city
staff
who
were
in
the
office
in
the
audience,
many
of
whom
who
have
participated
in
the
government
Alliance
on
race,
inequity,
cohort
and
I
also
want
to
thank
community
members
that
for
us
to
actually
get
to
an
effective,
inclusive
government
for
us
to
think
about
a
public
sector.
That
really
is
about
the
public
good.
We
need
community
members,
we
need
government
staff
and
we
need
elected
officials
working
on
it,
so
want
to.
D
I
am
with
race
forward
senior
vice
president
programs
and
director,
the
government
Alliance
on
race
and
equity
and
I
came
into
those
positions
about
six
years
ago
after
having
spent
the
bulk
of
my
career
working
in
local
government
and
worked
for
the
City
of
Seattle
for
23
years
across
multiple
departments,
I
worked
in
the
budget
office.
I
worked
in
the
utilities.
The
housing
department,
Human,
Services
fleets
and
facilities
worked
across
a
broad
swath
of
government
and
the
last
10
years.
D
I
was
the
director
of
the
office
for
civil
rights
and,
as
the
director
of
the
Office
for
Civil
Rights,
the
primary
responsibilities
when
I
moved
into
the
job
was
the
enforcement
of
anti-discrimination
laws,
and
we
did
that
and
we
did
it
really
well.
We
were
an
amazing
enforcement
organization,
and
the
truth
is
is
that,
regardless
of
how
well
we
enforced
anti-discrimination
law,
Seattle
was
a
city
that
had
deep
and
pervasive
racial
inequities
across
every
single
indicator
for
success
and
Seattle
is
a
city
that
prides
itself.
D
On
being,
you
know,
good
good
government,
progressive
people,
we
do
a
lot
of
things
like
you
know,
tax
ourselves
and
had
protected
classes
and
a
lot
of
stuff
that
we
could
take
pride
in.
But
the
truth
was
deep
and
pervasive
racial
inequities,
and
so,
as
the
director
of
the
office
for
civil
rates
had
the
fortune
to
have
a
mayor
and
elected
officials
and
community
members,
all
of
whom
said
enforcement
is
not
enough,
need
to
really
do
some
root,
cause
analysis
and
work
on
ending
institutional
and
structural
racism.
D
So
my
passion
for
the
public
sector
is
because
the
public
sector
can
make
a
difference
that
local
government
touches
on
every
single
indicator
for
success,
whether
we're
talking
about
health
inequities
or
housing
or
education,
criminal
justice-
you
name,
it
government-
touches
on
it.
So
the
question
is
not
whether
or
not
we're
going
to
do
something.
The
question
is
whether
we're
going
to
perpetuate
status
quo
or
whether
we're
going
to
proactively
advance
racial
justice.
So
for
me,
I
do
have
a
strong
commitment
to
making
the
public
sector
the
best
that
it
can
be.
D
That
means
that
we
need
to
work
on
racial
justice.
So
that's
one
thing
about
me:
public
sector,
deep
commitment,
deep
passion
for
the
public
sector
I
also
want
to
name
that
I'm,
a
white
woman
working
on
racial
justice
I,
did
not
grow
up
in
a
household
as
a
young
person
where
I
had
white
parents
who
taught
me
about
race.
In
fact,
many
of
the
messages
that
I
got
as
a
young
person
weren't
that
helpful
that
I
was
taught
that
equality
is
important
and
to
be
fair
and
to
be
good
to
people.
D
D
So
for
me,
as
someone
who
had
a
lot
of
commitment
to
creating
a
more
fair
in
just
world,
the
way
in
which
I
became
active
around
race
actually
was
because
of
my
involvement
in
the
anti
violence
against
women
movement
that,
as
a
survivor,
I
ended
up
going
to
get
services
after
having
been
sexually
assaulted.
Those
services
were
absolutely
essential
for
my
well-being.
D
Afterwards,
I
wanted
to
give
back
I
wanted
to
prevent
violence
against
women.
I
went
to
volunteer
at
an
organization
that
to
be
on
crisis
line,
helping
other
women.
You
went
through
80
hours
of
training
of
those
80
hours.
Two
days
were
on
the
topic
of
race.
The
experience
that
I
had
at
that
moment
in
my
life
was
that
I
was
with
a
group
of
people
who
shared
my
demographic.
There
was
a
whole
bunch
of
young
white
women,
deeply
passionate
about
ending
violence
against
women,
but
when
it
came
to
talking
about
race,
we
were
really
ill-equipped.
D
There's
a
lot
of
emotion
in
the
room.
There
were
tears
in
the
room,
but
bottom
line.
We
did
not
have
the
skills.
So
for
me,
as
someone
who
had
this
broad
idea
of
what
equity
could
look
like
what
fairness
would
look
like,
I
knew
that
if
there
was
an
elephant
in
the
room
that
was
keeping
the
system
in
place,
there
was
no
way
we
were
gonna
get
to
any
sort
of
liberation.
So
for
me,
that
was
35
years
ago.
I
feel
like
I
need
to
stop
saying
that
number
of
years.
D
It
just
makes
me
feel
like
I've
been
around
for
a
while,
but
35
years
ago,
I
had
a
pivot,
where
I
had
wanted
to
work
on
racial
justice
and
I
did
it,
fortunately,
both
through
community-based
organizations
and
through
work
and
in
the
public
sector.
So
that
background
on
me,
love,
government
and
I.
Also
am
a
white
woman
really
committed
to
working
to
change
systems
and
structures
for
our
collective
humanity
so
and
as
a
part
of
that
six
years
ago,
started
leaving
the
city
of
Seattle
started.
D
The
government
Alliance
on
race
and
equity,
with
Professor
John
Powell
from
UC
Berkeley,
the
head
of
the
other
and
belonging
Institute
John,
had
been
very
supportive
of
the
work
that
we
had
been
doing
in
Seattle.
The
goal
of
Guerra
is
that
we're
trying
to
create
a
movement
of
people
working
in
the
at
the
local
level,
cities,
counties,
States,
port
authorities,
housing
authorities,
we've
got
members
from
government
across
the
spectrum
and
across
every
single
region
in
the
country.
D
Over
the
past
six
years,
we've
doubled
in
size
every
single
year
and
our
aspiration
is
not
just
to
talk
about
Ray
but
to
use
tools
to
put
theory
into
action
ultimately,
so
that
we
get
two
different
outcomes
at
the
community
level.
So
Leon
had
a
map.
I
have
a
map.
You
can't
read
the
font,
it's
a
long
list,
but,
like
I
said
we
have
grown.
What
started
six
years
ago,
more
than
six
years
ago,
was
just
a
few
jurisdictions
working
on
racial
justice
and
now
close
to
200
cities
and
counties
across
the
country.
E
Great,
so
thank
you
julie
for
for
kind
of
first.
This
was
the
welcome
and
introduction
of
who
we
were
before
we
kind
of
who
we
are
who
we
were
who
we
are,
but
we
also
be
as
we
get
started
and
we
look
at
who
also
want
to
appreciate
dr.
Pettis,
as
he
was
acknowledging.
The
history
of
San
Jose
also
want
to
acknowledge
the
land
they
were
on.
That,
for
us
is
also
important
as
we
do
this
work.
E
They
were
also
members
of
the
historic
federally
recognized
Verona
band
and
tell
me
about
Almeida
County.
The
aboriginal
homeland
of
the
magma
Ohlone
tribe,
includes
two
following
counties:
San
Francisco,
San
Mateo,
most
of
Santa
Clara,
Alma,
Almeida,
Contra,
Costa
and
portions
of
Napa,
Santa,
Cruz
and
Solano
Spanish
mission
culture
disrupted
and
undermined,
though
oleh
name,
social
structures
and
way
of
life
do
moom
equi
ole
a
name
tribe,
are
active
participants
in
the
revival
of
elaine
aid.
People
across
the
east
and
south
bein
key
to
their
success
is
in
their
involvement
in
unearthing
and
analyzing.
E
D
D
Interestingly
enough,
when
sociologists
ask
people
in
the
United
States
what
distinctly
held
values,
they
hold
people
consistently
say
they
care
about
equality
and
justice.
It's
one
of
the
things
that's
rated
highest
across
the
country,
so
we
say
we
have
the
value
for
equality
and
justice
and
yet,
like
I,
said,
we've
got
racial
inequities
across
every
single
indicator
for
success.
So
it's
not
just
enough
to
say
that
we
have
a
value,
it's
important
for
us
to
think
about
it
from
a
perspective
of
what
it
is
that
we're
doing
with
our
values.
D
It's
also
important
to
think
about
it
from
a
perspective
of
history
and
the
way
that
we're
socialized
so
from
the
very
foundation
of
this
country.
You
can
think
about
the
perspective
of
statement,
like
all
men
are
created,
equal
Thomas,
Jefferson,
writing
in
the
Declaration
of
Independence.
This
idea
of
equality,
but
of
course,
when
Thomas
Jefferson
wrote,
all
men
are
created
equal.
It
was
intended
for
white
men
who
owned
property,
and
so
our
idea
of
equality
has
shifted
pretty
dramatically
over
the
course
of
centuries
century
after
century.
D
We're
also
socialized
around
ideas
of
our
values
and
so
on
a
daily
basis.
Millions
of
schoolchildren
reciting
the
pledge
of
allegiance,
saying
the
words
with
liberty
and
justice
for
all,
it's
a
way
of
socializing
kids,
where
we
think
about
liberty
and
justice,
and
yet
I
know
for
myself,
even
as
a
kid
I
could
look
across
my
community
and
see
that
justice
wasn't
quite
attained
yet
so
so
important
for
us
to
think
about
government.
So
the
statement
government
of
the
people
by
the
people
for
the
people
shall
not
perish
from
the
earth.
D
Lincoln
writing
in
the
Gettysburg
Address.
For
me,
those
are
really
powerful
words
that
I
would
submit
to
you
our
aspirational
as
well.
We
have
not
yet
achieved
government
of
the
people
by
the
people
and
for
the
people
who
government
serves,
who
benefits
what
we're
actually
achieving.
It's
aspirational.
We've
got
work
to
do
to
be
done
there.
So
thinking
about
our
values,
let's
think
about
what
those
values
are,
but
we
also
have
to
recognize
the
role
of
government
in
relation
to
values.
D
So
over
the
vast
majority
of
our
country's
history
laws
policies,
practices
have
been
passed
that
have
created
racial
inequities,
regional
inequities
that
are
not
just
random
they're,
not
natural.
We
have
them
because
they
were
intentionally
created,
so
laws
around
who
could
vote?
Who
could
be
a
citizen
who
could
own
property?
Who
was
property
whose
land
was
whose
all
of
those
were
laws
that
were
passed
century
after
century
after
century
that
created
racial
inequities?
D
And
so
the
fact
that
we
have
them
today
might
not
be
too
surprising,
because
what
happened
was
not
the
case
that
one
day
government
woke
up
and
said
my
bad.
We
made
some
mistakes.
We
had
change
taking
place
because
of
community
organizing
marching
in
the
street,
demanding
that
change
take
place.
That's
why
we
have
a
civil
rights
act,
a
Fair
Housing
Act,
a
Voting
Rights
Act,
that
legislation
took
place
because
of
community,
and
so
in
the
beginning.
D
And
I
always
want
to
be
careful
because
those
milestone
pieces
of
legislation
that
I
acknowledged
there
are
huge
milestones.
I,
don't
want
to
be
dismissive
of
those,
but
the
truth
is:
is
that
some
of
the
inequities
that
we
see
today
are
actually
worse
than
they
were
at
the
time
of
the
Civil
Rights
Movement.
D
So
when
we
look
at
the
racial
wealth
gap
or
the
unemployment
rate,
our
education
system,
some
of
those
inequities
are
worse,
and
so
us
just
patting
ourselves
on
the
back
and
saying
you
know
we
passed
legislation
to
make
discrimination
illegal
when
we
left
an
entire
system
that
still
benefits
some
into
the
detriment
of
others.
We've
got
to
be
able
to
step
back
and
think
about
what
that
system
is
so
proactively.
Work
on
policies
and
practices
that
advance
racial
justice.
D
Now
we
lead
with
the
topic
of
race
and
I,
want
to
be
clear
that
we
haven't
solved
for
sexism
or
heterosexism
or
ableism.
We
still
got
a
lot
of
isms
that
take
place
and
we
need
to
be
working
on
those,
but
want
to
be
clear
that
the
reason
it's
not
just
random
that
race
Ford
works
on
race.
Specifically,
we
lead
with
the
topic
of
race,
recognizing
that
we
need
to
use
an
intersectional
approach
so
first
the
reason
why
we
lead
with
the
topic
of
race.
D
First
thing:
I
said
it
already:
the
depth
and
pervasiveness
of
racial
inequities
pervasiveness
it's
not
getting
better,
sometimes
that
needle
is
going
the
wrong
way.
Second,
racial
anxiety
is
on
the
rise.
Racial
anxiety
is
a
term
that
sociologists
came
up
with
a
couple
of
decades
ago,
recognizing
that
people
can
sometimes
feel
tension
in
talking
about
race,
especially
as
our
country's
demographics
are
shifting
more
and
more
racial
anxiety.
D
The
challenge,
though,
is
that
if
we
can't
talk
about
something
we're
not
going
to
be
able
to
solve
for
it,
so
the
solution
of
racial
anxieties
not
to
not
to
ignore
it,
but
for
us
to
figure
out
those
productive
ways
of
talking
about
race.
Third
thing:
learning
an
institutional
and
structural
approach
to
working
on
institutional
and
structural
racism
can
actually
teach
us
tools
that
can
be
used
on
sexism
and
heterosexism
and
other
ism.
So
building
that
skill,
it's
replicable
last
thing
is
that
specificity
matters
when
people
say
I
just
want
to
talk
about
equity
generally.
D
So
we
have
to
have
enough
skill
so
that
we
can
come
up
with
the
right
solutions
for
the
right
challenges
also
have
to
when
I
talk
about
an
intersectional
approach,
recognize
that
none
of
us
lead
in
you
know,
sort
of
silos
that
we
all
have
multiple
ways
that
our
identities
come
together
when
I
was
in
the
city
of
Seattle
and
bladder
gender
equity
and
pay
study,
Seattle
had
been
named
as
the
city
with
the
worst
pay
gaps
for
women.
Well,
because
we
had
a
race
and
social
justice
initiative.
D
We
not
only
looked
at
pay
gaps
for
women.
We
looked
at
it
by
race
because
it
turns
out
that
they
experiences
of
white
women
versus
women
of
color.
The
experiences
of
white
men
versus
men
of
color,
pretty
big
differences
there,
so
using
an
intersectional
approach,
means
that
we
can
look
at
those
complexities,
don't
have
to
shy
away
from
them.
D
So
the
approach
that
we
use
and
that
we're
going
to
focus
on
today,
three
prongs:
three
strategies
number
one:
we
have
to
be
able
to
normalize
conversations
about
race
if
you
all
come
into
the
room
and
think
that
we're
just
going
to
be
talking
about
who's,
a
good
or
a
bad
person,
who's
a
racist
who's,
not
a
racist.
Other
people
are
talking
about
institutional
and
structural
racism,
we're
not
going
to
have
a
productive
conversation
because
we're
going
to
be
butting
heads
we're
going
to
come
up
against
each
other.
D
D
Sometimes
you
know
a
couple
of
decades
ago
is
called
diversity,
training
and
came
along
cultural
competency,
training
and
all
sorts
of
trainings
have
taken
place,
but
if
people
just
go
back
to
their
jobs
and
keep
doing
their
jobs
the
exact
same
way
well,
so
what
was
the
purpose
of
the
training?
So
we
have
to
normalize
conversations
about
race
in
order
to
change
our
policies
and
practices
and
change
our
systems
now,
for
us,
data
is
a
really
big
part
of
the
work
that
we're
doing.
D
Racial
inequities
are
not
just
about
whether
people
like
each
other
or
whether
they're
getting
along
they're
about
outcomes
at
the
community
level,
which
can
be
measured.
We
can
track
our
progress
around
whether
we're
creating
change
or
not.
So
that's
how
we
operationalize
organize
many
people,
think
about
organizing
what
I
mentioned
before
people
organize
and
get
the
community
level,
but
the
work
that
Gera
is
doing
is
actually
looking
at
the
resources
that
you
all
have
amongst
your
staff.
D
The
thousands
of
people
who
work
here
are
a
huge
resource
to
bring
about
change,
to
actually
insert
racial
equity
into
decision-making
processes,
so
building
that
internal
infrastructure,
the
skills
and
the
expertise,
but
doing
it
in
partnership
with
community
that
is
not
work
that
should
be
done
alone.
It's
got
to
be
done
in
partnership,
so
the
three
things
highlighted
here
also
have
to
be
United
around
a
vision.
Sometimes
you
know
when
I
talk
about
normalizing
conversations
about
race.
It
almost
feels
like
we've
normalized
the
fact
that
we've
got
racial
inequities.
D
E
Thank
You
Julie,
so
we
want
to
spend
a
little
time
on
the
normalizing
space
with
you.
Julie
talked
about
the
importance
of
developing
a
shared
analysis
on
language
around
racism
and
equity,
but
also
to
really
understand
the
urgency
of
why
you
should
probably
prioritize
this
within
the
work
you're
doing
on
council.
I
want
to
start
as
we
talk
about
the
normalizing
kind
of
give
you
a
sense
of
where
the
National
League
of
Cities
started.
E
Four
years
ago,
when
we
launched
real,
remember
I
mentioned
earlier,
it
was
in
the
backdrop
of
Ferguson
Clarence
Anthony
who's
in
the
video
here
to
the
left
is
our
CEO.
He
was
the
first
non-white
CEO
of
a
national
public
interest
group,
so
he
as
a
black
man,
former
mayor
from
south
south
bay
florida
served
as
mayor
for
24
years
prior
to
him,
coming
on
board
as
president
CEO
of
CEO,
an
executive
director
of
NOC,
all
of
the
public
interest
groups,
the
National
Governors
Association
US
Conference
of
Mayors
National
Conference
of
State
Legislators.
E
That
represents
a
lot
of
older
white
men
who
are
mayors
of
the
lot
of
these
smaller
towns
and
villages,
and
so
we
stepped
into
the
space
launching
Reaume,
trying
to
figure
out
what
the
work
would
look
like
having
a
partner
like
gear
was
really
important
very
early
on,
because
they
were,
as
you
heard,
from
Julie
doing
a
lot
of
the
work
and
our
goal
was
not
reinventing
the
wheel.
How
do
we
leverage
the
tools
and
resources
that
gear
has,
while
also
NLC
thinks
about
its
strengths,
about
the
work
we
could
bring?
E
G
You
have
written
a
book
about
this
subject
from
a
different
perspective.
What
did
you?
What
are
your
thoughts,
opening
thoughts
about
where
we
are
in
America
right
now?
Well,
you
know
in
the
three
minutes
you
know
three
to
five
that
we've
been
given
I'll
do
my
best
to
answer
it
and
I
know
we're
going
to
get
deeper
in
this
conversation
as
we
go,
so
I'll
save
some
of
what
I
want
to
talk
about
for
that.
G
In
fact,
it's
critical
not
just
for
the
National
League
of
Cities
effort,
but
for
our
conversation
as
a
country,
because
too
often
what
we
do
and
I
think
we
all
know
this
is
we
look
at
racism
as
that
thing
that
happened
in
Charleston,
that
is
to
say,
and
when
I
say
that
thing
that
happened:
I'm
not
talking
about
the
generations
of
institutional
racism,
I'm
talking
about
the
thing
that
happened
this
summer.
We
look
at
that
as
racism.
We
say
well,
Dylan
roof
walks
into
a
church
and
massacres.
G
Nine
people
and
the
city
comes
together
and
the
state
comes
together
in
the
country,
grieves
and
that's
racism,
and
so
and
then
we
sort
of
wash
our
hands
of
it
because
we
say
well,
thankfully
that
doesn't
happen
every
week.
That
doesn't
happen
all
the
time.
That's
an
anomaly,
but
we
have
to
be
prepared
to
look
at
racism
as
something
that's
far
deeper
than
that
and
not
about
bigotry
not
about
over
at
hatred
and
not
just
about
that
type
of
random
retail
violence,
because
that's
retail
vinyls.
G
We
got
wholesale
violence
and
by
that
I
mean
if
you're
gonna
understand
what
happened
in
Baltimore.
In
the
last
six
months,
you
cannot
start
with
Freddie
gray,
and
you
cannot
start
even
with
the
police
department
of
Baltimore.
You
have
to
start
with
the
fact
that
that
is
a
community
that
was
wrecked
by
so-called
urban
renewal.
That
was
violence
when
they
come
in
and
they
put
the
interstate
through
your
community
and
they
knocked
down
your
business
and
they
knock
down
your
apartments
and
they
make
folks
huddled
into
small
crowded
housing
and
they
essentially
lock
them.
G
In
a
holding
pen,
I
mean
we
talked
about
housing
and
education.
We
talked
about
neighborhoods
as
if
it's
not
about
racism,
we
act
like
folks
just
ended
up
where
they
ended
up,
but
let's
be
clear.
This
thing
that
we
in
this
country
called
the
ghetto
that
was
created
and
it
wasn't
created
by
black
people
and
it
wasn't
created
by
poor
people.
It
was
created
by
folks
who
were
usually
not
black
and
definitely
not
poor
as
a
holding
pen
for
the
people
they
didn't
want
to
live
amongst
of
them.
G
People
didn't
choose
that,
and
so
I
think
that's
where
we
need
to
go
is
that
is
to
frame
the
conversation
in
a
way
that
reminds
us
that
we're
talking
about
systemic
and
structural
violence,
and
we
can't
just
talk
about
the
sort
of
retail
level
stuff
as
important
as
that
is
and
as
horrific
as
a
hate
crime
is,
you
know
to
be
really
honest
at
the
risk
of
being
hyperbolic
aspects
of
this
country's
history
have
been
an
intergenerational
hate
crime
against
certain
people,
and
that's
just
the
truth.
We
don't
like
to
use
language
like
that.
G
You
know,
sounds
unamerican
unpatriotic,
whatever
kind
of
terminology
we
use,
but
that's
real,
and
unless
we're
prepared
to
do
it
that
way
and
have
that
conversation
that
way,
I'm
afraid
we'll
keep
spinning
our
wheels
coming
back.
Having
the
same
conversations
over
and
over
and
over
again,
the
reason
that
low-income
black
folks
were
the
ones
hit
hardest
in
New
Orleans
was
not
an
accident
and
what
was
stunning
to
me
about
it
and
I
lived
there
for
ten
years.
G
G
That
was
the
history
of
that
community
right
urban
renewal
did
that
interstate
highway
construction
right
through
the
Treme,
the
oldest
free
black
neighborhood
in
this
country-
did
that,
and
so
it
was
just
same
thing
different
day,
a
little
bit
more
extreme
and
the
cameras
were
on
and
you
know
they
made
movies
about
it,
but
it
was
the
same
stuff
that
had
always
been
happening.
So
we
have
to
go
back
to
that
systemic
understanding,
which
is
something
I
think
the
movement
historically
knew,
but
most
of
our
leaders
have
sometimes
forgotten
Wow.
E
So
that
was
so
that
was
four
four-and-a-half
years
ago
and,
as
you
could
tell
Clarence
Anthony
who's
our
CEO
right.
There
he's
never
a
loss
for
words,
but
you
could
tell
that
he
was
in
that
moment
trying
to
figure
out
what
did
what
the
two
minds
just
say
in
three
and
a
half
minutes
and
what's
our
charge
at
the
National
League
of
Cities
to
help
city
leaders
really
unpack
what
he
just
said
in
three
and
a
half
minutes,
and
so
the
normalizing
space.
The
reason
why
we
started
with
this:
it's
really
the
training
we
do.
E
While
we
don't
have
the
luxury
of
time
with
you
today,
but
our
it's
really
important
for
city
leaders
to
be
committed
to
really
understand
that
the
depth
of
what
Tim
Wise
is
saying.
As
we
talk
about
critical
terminology,
we'll
name
some
of
it,
we
obviously
want
to
make
sure
we
name
some
of
the
terminology
as
we
talk
about
the
work,
but
also
recognizing,
there's
a
lot
more
normalizing.
That
needs
to
happen.
E
As
said
the
same
word,
they're
not
the
same
word
right,
and
there
are
many
different
versions
of
this
and
I
want
to
acknowledge
that
just
as
I
at
least
for
this
in
this
space
want
to
at
least
acknowledge
they're,
not
the
same
thing
equality
again,
three
people
from
behind
the
fence
trying
to
watch
a
game,
and
you
give
them
all
the
same
thing
from
behind
the
fence.
There
are
three
people:
they
all
don't
need
the
same
thing.
If
the
goal
is
for
them
to
watch
the
game
from
behind
the
fence,
equity
is
asking
them.
E
What
do
they
need?
The
person
on
the
Left
doesn't
need
anything
can
watch
the
game
just
fine
from
behind
the
fence.
The
person
in
the
middle
needs
two
boxes.
If
the
goal
is
to
watch
the
game
from
behind
the
fence
and
the
person
on
the
right
needs
a
ramp,
if
the
goal
is
for
all
three
of
them
to
watch
the
game
from
behind
the
fence
for
those
that
are
in
this
equity
space,
we
realized
that
this
is
too
simplistic
in
really
understanding
the
depth
of
really
understanding
equity.
E
We
show
this
just
as
a
one
in
a
very
intro
level.
Just
so
you
know
that
equity
and
equality
are
not
the
same
thing:
the
complexities
of
equity
and
equality.
There,
a
whole
bunch
of
questions
you
can
start
asking
is
the
fence
right
or
the
ground?
Is
the
ground
wrong?
You
know,
you
know.
The
assumption
is
that
people
are
different
heights,
but
you
know
why
are
we
making
some
assumptions
about
their
height
level?
Why
are
they
behind
the
fence?
How
come
they're
not
in
the
stands?
How
come
they're
not
playing
in
the
game?
E
E
In
the
same
way,
it's
really
important,
as
you're
committed
to
doing
this
work,
but
if
we're
getting
more
explicit,
why
leading
with
race
want
to
reinforce
what
Julie
said
right
earlier
when
we
look
at
the
data,
whether
we're
talking
about
infant
mortality
to
life
expectancy,
race
is
still
one
of
the
strongest
predictors
of
one's
success
in
this
country.
So,
whether
we're
talking
about
income,
whether
we're
talking
about
education,
housing,
health
race,
still
continues
to
be
this
one
of
the
strongest
predictors
of
one's
success
in
this
country.
E
Our
work,
if
we,
if
we
still
see
that
racial
equity
is
the
strongest
predictor
of
one's
success.
You
heard
Julie
early
say
this
earlier:
we
don't
we
we
want
to.
We
don't
want
to
see
that
we
want
to
see
where
race
is
no
longer
to
predicting
one's
success,
so
racial
equity
work
is
closing
the
gap
where
race
is
no
longer
predicting
one
success,
while
improving
outcomes
for
everyone.
E
A
lot
of
the
work
I
did
was
around
youth
engagement,
violence,
prevention,
childhood
obesity
and
one
of
the
stories
that
really
struck
me
as
I
was
pivoting
into
this
role.
Five
years
ago
was
the
work
that
the
Robert
Wood
Johnson
Foundation,
had
invested
around
reducing
childhood
obesity
rates
by
2016
for
all
of
us
that
were
in
that
space,
with
the
investment
around
childhood
obesity,
they
poured
a
half
a
billion
dollars
into
trying
to
reverse
the
childhood
obesity
trends.
E
E
Well,
these
kids
need
to
stop
eating
junk
food
and
stop
playing
video
games
like
that
was
the
mindset
15
years
ago,
like
there's,
nothing
the
government
needed
to
do
so
in
the
in
those
10
15
years
of
the
work
we
saw
the
shift,
there
was
clear
shift
policy
changes.
We
had
Complete
Streets
policies,
we
had
a
shared
use
agreements,
we
got
politically
correct.
E
We
moved
from
calling
it
joint
use
agreements
to
shared
use
agreements
because
folks
were
worried
about
what
joint
use
agreements
in
the
political
culture
right
and
we,
you
know,
land-use
agreements
around
community
gardens
all
wonderful
things.
We
started
to
see
happen,
and
so
we
fast-forwarded
2016
and
RR
w
jf,
Robert,
Wood
Johnson
Foundation
started
to
see
whether
childhood
it'd
be
obesity.
Rates
were
going
down,
and
so
what
did
they
find
for
early
adolescence?
It
was
starting
to
see
a
decline
for
middle
adolescence.
E
It
was
starting
to
plateau
and
for
late
adolescence
it
wasn't
spiking
as
much,
and
so
they
were
starting
to
be
a
celebration
of
maybe
we've
seen
that
the
childhood
obesity
rates
you
know,
start
to
reverse
for
you
for
children
across
the
country.
So
it
wasn't
until
after
you
spent
two
half
a
billion
dollars
that
someone
asked
a
question:
is
it
going
down
for
everyone
and
what
did
they
find
when
they
looked
at
for
blacks,
Hispanics
and
Natives?
E
It
was
still
spiking,
so
you
literally
could
reduce
childhood
obesity
rates,
but
still
it
spiked
for
the
populations
that
needed
the
most
right,
and
so
that
was
a
big
lightbulb
moment
for
me.
As
we
talked
about
the
need,
if
you
know
the
data
is
telling
you
that
populations
are
impacted,
the
most
that
how
are
you
being
targeted,
dr.
Powell
that
that
Julie
mentioned
dr.
John,
Powell
called
the
term
targeted
universalism?
How
are
you
being
targeted
in
your
process
but
Universal
in
your
goals?
E
Right
and
that's
the
work
as
we
talk
about
the
intentionality
and
what
that
looks
like,
and
so
in
addition
to
thinking
about
understanding
the
differences
between
equity
and
equality
and
why
we
lead
with
race.
We
also
want
to
acknowledge,
in
the
short
period
of
time
that
we
have
with
you
how
we
think
our
our
bias
and
how
we
think
that's
also
important.
We
want
to
just
at
least
acknowledge
that
all
of
us
as
humans
have
a
way
of
thinking
how
we
put
things
into
meaning
individual
collective
meaning,
how
our
brain
sorts
things.
E
A
lot
of
it
happens
in
our
unconscious
space,
as,
as
you
may
have
known,
and,
and
a
lot
of
in
that
unconscious
space
is
where
our
racial
biases
and
so
I.
You
know,
as
I
think
about
how
we
quickly
sort
things
into
information.
We
we
put
things
into
associations.
We
quickly,
you
know
sort
them
into
categories.
E
Fill
in
the
gaps
you
know
was,
you
know,
I
had
what
they
call
the
frog
legs
for
the
first
time
when
I
was
down
in
Jacksonville,
Florida
and
I
said
well
that
thing
tastes
just
like
chicken
right,
I
put
it
into
the
chicken
category
right,
so
all
of
us
and
from
our
brains.
We
sort
this
out
and
I.
Think
it's
important
to
acknowledge
and
I
just
want
to
make
sure.
E
C
E
The
the
point
is
really
to
acknowledge
how
there
are
things
that
could
be
happening
around
us,
that
all
of
us
may
not
be
paying
attention
to
right
and
that's
one
way
to
really
understand
how
our
brains
work,
how
we
function
and
not
realizing
they're
things
that
could
be
literally
happening
around
us,
that
impact
how
we,
how
we
are,
are
not
making
decisions
now,
I
want
to
try
another
thing
with
for
those
in
the
room
and
on
on
the
dais
to
see
how
well
you
do
here.
So
in
your
loudest
voices.
E
So
again,
reason
I'm,
cutting
I'm
really
wanted
to
acknowledge
again
in
the
spirit
of
understanding
bias,
a
couple
of
things
that
happen
there.
What
happened?
One
we've
all
been
taught
that
color
means
one
thing
and
also
a
shade
of
color
means
one
thing,
and
so,
when
you
find
yourself
having
to
reconcile
when
the
color
doesn't
align
with
the
word,
it
takes
your
brain
a
little
bit
time
to
process.
Well,
why
is
it?
Why
is
it
not
lining
up?
E
It
doesn't
mean
you
can't
figure
it
out,
but
it
just
acknowledges
each
of
us
to
a
person
and
I
still
that's
why
I
wasn't
doing
it
with
you,
because
I
knew
I
would
make
the
same
mistake,
because,
even
when
you
know
it's
coming,
sometimes
it's
hard,
but
the
other
piece
that
I
want
to
acknowledge.
All
of
us
to
a
person
for
the
most
parts
are
color.
E
Just
fine,
no
one
who
says
I'm
I,
don't
see
color
when
they
talk
about
race,
they're
lying
you
see,
color,
just
fine,
it's
how
you
have
associated
color
as
we
talk
about
its
impact
in
your
decision.
So
to
acknowledge
that
you
don't
see
color,
it's
only
going
to
reinforce
your
bias
right
because
we
all
have
been
socialized.
That
color
means
something
as
we
think
about
race
and
that's
important.
If
you
don't
acknowledge
it,
you
will
lean
in
to
your
bias,
so
I
want
to
turn
over
to
Julie.
So.
D
What's
been
talking
about
bias
and
we
want
to
break
down
bias
into
two
different
categories
and
explicit
bias
versus
implicit
bias,
implicit
bias,
lots
and
lots
of
research
around
that.
We
see
everything
from
how
doctors
treat
patients,
how
schoolteachers
treat
children
across
the
board
amazing
research
in
the
field
of
implicit
bias.
What
implicit
bias
is
well.
Let
me
start
with
the
explicit
bias,
sometimes
I,
think
about
explicit
bias
from
a
perspective
of
old
school
racism
right
it
was
direct.
It
was
conscious,
it
was
in
your
face.
There
was
no
question
about
it.
D
If
you
were
looking
for
housing
and
there
was
a
sign
in
the
window
that
said,
whites
only
that
was
explicit
bias.
Implicit
bias
is
expressed
indirectly
and
oftentimes.
People
are
not
even
aware
of
their
bias
and
the
example
listed
here
around
a
property
man
that
you're
doing
more
criminal
background
checks
on
African
Americans
than
whites.
You
ask
the
property
manager.
Do
you
do
that?
And
the
property
manager
in
fact
might
say
something
like
I,
don't
see,
color
I
treat
everyone
the
same.
Didn't
you
look
at
the
data
and
you
find
a
different
pattern.
D
So
when
I
was
the
director
of
the
Office
for
Civil
Rights
in
Seattle,
we
did
do
fair
housing,
testing
and
I
want
to
share
it,
just
because
I
think
there's
a
little
bit
of
a
buzz
these
days
around
the
topic
of
implicit
bias
that
I
get
nervous
about
is
the
research
around
implicit
bias.
Training
is,
is
that
implicit
bias,
training
is
largely
ineffective
and
it
is
because
it
is
playing
out
at
the
unconscious
level.
People
are
not
choosing
to
be
biased
and
so
just
sending
them
to
training
to
try
and
elevate
their
consciousness.
D
If
it's
not
piggybacked
with
interruptions
institutional
interruptions,
then
that
training
is
going
to
be
largely
ineffective,
so
when
I
say
an
interruption.
Let
me
give
you
an
example:
when
we
did
fair
housing
testing
in
City
of
Seattle,
did
it
on
multiple
protected
classes,
when
we
did
it
based
on
race,
would
send
a
white
person
an
african-american
person
out
to
the
same
apartment,
building
same
day
they
had
the
same
application,
same
rental,
history,
same
income
and
applied
for
housing,
and
then
we
compared
their
experiences
after
the
fact
so
innocent
in
the
City
of
Seattle.
D
What
we
found
was
69%
differential
treatment.
It's
over
two-thirds
of
the
time
that
white
people
got
treated
better
than
people
of
color.
Now
I
was
responsible
for
the
enforcement
of
anti-discrimination
laws,
so
my
goal
was
not
just
to
do
this.
Testing
for,
like
an
academic
exercise,
really
wanted
to
use
it
as
a
tool
to
try
and
get
to
different
outcomes,
so
yeah
filing
charges
of
discrimination
is
really
a
motivating
tool
at
times
to
file
a
charge
of
discrimination.
D
You
have
to
meet
the
legal
standard
of
the
law
that
meant
that
sometimes
I
had
to
go
back
and
do
testing
two
three
four
times
to
establish
a
pattern
and
it
had
to
meet
the
standard
of
egregious
treatment,
so
it
couldn't
be
just
like.
Well,
you
showed
the
white
person,
the
bike
racks
and
you
didn't
show
the
african-american
person
the
bike
racks
like
that's,
not
how
courts
have
defined
egregious
treatment.
Egregious
treatment
means
that
it's
a
different
price
that
is
charged
or
the
accessibility
of
housing.
D
So
if
a
white
person
is
told,
we've
got
five
units,
I'll
show
them
all
to
you,
and
then
the
african-american
person
is
told.
You
know
I
think
we
only
had
one
and
it's
not
available
anymore.
That's
about
the
accessibility
of
housing,
so
in
those
cases
where
it
met
the
standard
of
illegal
discrimination,
I've
filed
charges
of
discrimination
and
went
after
those
landlords
quite
successfully.
The
challenge,
however,
was
it.
There
are
a
whole
bunch
of
cases
that
did
not
meet
the
standard
for
illegal
discrimination.
D
D
That
is
not
me,
and
so
then
the
question
is
it
becomes.
What
is
it?
What
is
it
that's
going
on
and
what
is
the
interruption
that
we
can
develop
so
work
with
the
Rental
Housing
Association
to
come
up
with
a
checklist?
So,
regardless
of
who
camp
comes
to
knock
on
the
door,
the
same
procedure
is
followed
and
we
did
implicit
bias,
training,
implicit
bias,
training
that
included
institutional
interruptions.
Those
two
things
together
can
make
a
difference
that
result
not
only
on
individual
behaviors
but
changes
in
outcomes.
D
So
the
understanding
of
the
individual
and
institutional
implicit
bias
is
critical,
plus
if
eyes
not
just
playing
out
amongst,
like
individual
people
making
decisions.
So
I
want
to
give
you
an
example
of
that,
and
this
is
taking
what
I
just
said
about
implicit
versus
explicit,
but
also
delineating
between
individuals
and
institutions,
and
this
is
based
on
work
that
we
did
with
a
police
department.
Now
we
have
about
a
dozen
different
versions
of
this
chart
that
takes
like
there's
one
that's
based
on
help.
D
So
these
are
examples
that
came
directly
from
police
officers.
The
example
they
gave
of
institutional
and
explicit
bias
is
a
police
department
refusing
to
hire
people
of
color,
and
we
had
told
them
that
it
was
okay
for
them
to
think
about.
Like
you
know,
broad
range
of
things
and
this
example,
it's
really
important
to
name
that
we
better
not
be
seeing
it
very
much
these
days,
because
in
fact
it's
illegal,
but
understanding
different
types
of
bias
is
critical
because
there's
different
interventions
based
on
what
the
bias
is.
D
That's
the
tactic
that
you
can
use
in
that
instance,
the
example
of
institutional
and
implicit
bias
that
they
came
up
with
had
to
do
with
drug
use
and
drug
dealing,
and
they
were.
It
was
such
a
fascinating
conversation
because,
in
fact,
the
statistics
that
we
know
around
drug
use
and
drug
dealing,
maybe
we
can
get
interaction.
D
Overall
rates
really
really
close,
but
slightly
more
white
people
deal
drugs.
When
you
look
at
our
criminal
justice
system,
every
single
step
of
the
process
from
who
gets
stopped,
who
gets
arrested,
who
gets
charged,
who
gets
convicted,
who
goes
to
jail
and
how
long
they
go
to
jail.
For
every
single
step
of
that
process,
we
see
more
and
more
racial
disproportionality,
despite
the
fact
that
there's
more
white
people
doing
drugs
in
the
first
place,
which
leads
to
the
outcome.
D
We
see
today,
the
the
over
the
mass
incarceration
of
people
of
color
in
our
prison
system,
so
police
officers
in
looking
at
that
continuum
of
how
drugs
were
the
laws
were
being
enforced
and
what
the
different
choice
points
were,
where
it
was
possible
to
have
an
impact
to
get
to
a
different
outcome
identified.
The
fact
that
the
vast
majority
of
their
enforcement
was
based
on
street-level
drug
deals.
D
The
pharmaceuticals
social
settings,
but
police
resources
are
being
designated
towards
street-level
drug
dealing,
that's
the
very,
very
beginning
of
the
system
of
creating
mass
incarceration
people
of
color.
So
it's
complicated
right
and
that's
one
of
the
things
that
we
dig
into
because
in
fact,
at
this
point,
sometimes
when
we're
working
with
police
officers,
the
response
will
be.
You
know,
they'll
they'll,
say
well,
you're
telling
us
not
to
do
our
jobs.
That's
not
what
we're
saying,
because
in
fact,
street-level
drug
dealing
is
something
that's
not
positive
for
neighborhoods.
D
If
you
have
drugs
being
dealt
in
front
of
your
house,
your
business,
you
don't
want
out
there
right.
The
question
is
not
whether
police
officers
should
be
enforcing
that
law.
The
question
is
whether
the
laws
are
the
right
laws
in
the
first
place
and
whether
there's
better
ways
of
enforcement
that
don't
result
in
such
stark
disproportionality,
'he's
right,
so
stepping
back
to
think
about
the
practices,
the
policies
responding
to
911,
a
good
thing,
but
I'll
tell
you.
D
We
were
working
with
the
city
of
Dubuque
Iowa,
one
of
my
favorite
moments
and
working
with
the
police
chief
feel
like
I'm
talking
too
much
about
police
here.
But
it's
it
was
a
good
group
and
the
police
chief
from
Dubuque
Iowa
was
talking
about
the
fact
that
he
had
been
going
through
the
list
of
9-1-1
calls
and
he
was
struck
by
the
number
of
calls
that
people
had
called
in
to
report.
D
There
is
a
black
person
standing
on
the
street
corner
and
he
had
said
he
said
that
you
know
my
idea
was
always
that
it's
good
customer
service
to
respond
to
9
1
1
calls.
That
was
a
choice.
Point
that
the
9-1-1
system
was
responding
to
the
question
that
needed
to
be
asked
is:
is
there
illegal,
behavior
taking
place
and
what
the
police
chief
said?
D
Is
that
I
can
add
a
screening
question
9-1-1
come
in
I
can
have
my
operator
ask
that
question
and
if
there's
no
crime
being
committed,
we
don't
need
to
send
a
police
officer
out.
So
the
question
around
sort
of
the
policy
or
the
practice
changing
behaviors
really
meaningful
things
that
can
help
get
two
different
outcomes.
So
what
how
police
resources
are
being
used
and
who's
impacted
important
for
our
consideration,
individual
and
explicit
an
example
of
that
would
be
a
police
officer
calling
someone
a
racial
slur
while
arresting
them.
In
fact,
the
Department
of
Justice
investigation.
D
There
is
a
documentation
of
a
whole
pattern
of
that
taking
place
in
Seattle.
There's
no
question.
Multiple
videos
documented
that
that
had
been
taking
place.
So
again,
the
question
is
around
tactics.
When
that
takes
place,
we
need
to
have
strategies
to
deal
with
it.
The
problem,
however,
is
that
frequently
we
act
as
if,
oh,
it's
just
one
bad
officer,
and
if
we
deal
with
that
one
bad
officer,
then
we're
gonna
solve
our
criminal
justice
problems.
D
Well,
in
truth,
when
we
have
laws,
policies
and
practices
that
across
the
board
create
racial
inequities,
just
dealing
with
one
bad
apple
is
never
going
to
cut
it.
Individual
and
implicit,
an
example
of
that,
a
police
officer
being
more
likely
to
call
for
backup
if
the
suspect
is
a
person
of
color,
you
might
ask
that
officer.
Do
you
do
that
and
the
officer
might
say
no
I
would
never
do
that.
I
just
follow
policy.
You
look
at
data
and
looking
at
data
and
looking
at
impact
is
critical.
D
We
don't
we
cared
less
about
intent
because
we
want
to
look
at
the
outcomes,
the
conditions
that
are
occurring
so
looking
at
whether
there's
a
pattern
that
is
taking
place
and
again
coming
up
with
a
strategy
for
interrupting
it.
So
understanding
these
four
different
types
of
bias,
implicit,
explicit,
individual
institutional-
is
a
really
important
part
of
getting
to
that
share
analysis.
D
So
in
a
more
interactive
environment
we
would
typically,
in
a
workshop,
want
to
have
some
conversation
with
you
around,
where
you
might
see
bias
playing
out
in
San
Jose
and
perhaps
instead
of
doing
it
exactly
that
way.
We've
been
talking
at
you
for
quite
a
while.
Maybe
now
would
be
an
opportune
time
either
for
you
to
ask
a
question
or
if
you
do
have
an
example
of
institutional
and
the
implicit
bias
that
you
think
it
would
be
important
for
the
city
to
explore.
D
A
You,
let
me
just
do
it
check-in,
because
I
want
to
make
sure
I
understand
you'd
like
to
accomplish
and
then
also
make
sure,
there's
time
for
everybody
in
the
community
to
be
able
to
speak.
Do
you?
How
long
would
you
anticipate
the
interactive
portion,
then
what
what
would
you
like
to
pers
I,
just
wanna,
make
sure
we
have
time
for
everybody
so.
A
A
E
So
well
so
we'll
come
back
to
the
the
question.
Space
and
I
think
we
want
to
as
again
just
want
to
acknowledge
where
we've
been
we've
been
talking
about
normalizing,
the
first
of
the
three
components.
So
if
you
think
it's
hard
talking
about
equity
versus
equality
or
naming
race
or
talking
about
bias
or
institutional
bias,
it's
even
harder
calling
out
racism
and
naming
that
very
explicitly
and
many
times.
As
you
heard,
from
the
video
from
Tim
Wise
many
times
when
people
think
about
individual
would
think
about
racism.
They
think
about
it
at
the
individual
level.
E
They
think
about
the
Dylan
roof
example
or
the
you
know:
individual
acts
of
racism,
the
work
that
we
do
with
cities,
while
it's
important
to
really
think
about
the
work
that
needs
to
happen
to
deal
with
individual
racism
is
really
to
understand
the
work
of
city
government
in
understanding
institutional
and
structural
racism.
Institutional
racism
is
the
acknowledgment
that
there
are
policies,
practices,
procedures
that
have
benefited
white
people
over
communities
of
color,
whether
intentionally
or
unintentionally,
or
inadvertently.
E
As
you
heard,
Julie
talked
about
the
criminal
justice
system,
it's
happening
in
multiple
institutions,
so
if
we
look
at
our
housing,
workforce,
a
transportation,
etc,
and
so
the
acknowledgement
that
those
inequities
exist
across
multiple
institutions
is
what
the
definition
of
structural
racism
is
right
or
systemic
racism
right
until
we
want
to
name
that
to
be
very
clear
like
what
do
we
mean
when
we
say
in
institutional
and
systemic
racism?
Well,
we
also
recognize
this
is
not
the
time
to
do.
A
full
training.
E
I
also
want
at
least
named
it
in
a
way
that
I'm
not
just
saying
it,
but
we're
also
bringing
in
or
short
video
that
kind
of
names
it
in
a
much
more
explicit
way.
It
comes
from
a
three
part.
Pbs
series
called
the
house
we
live
in.
This
is
part
three
of
the
three-part
series
that
was
produced
over
ten
years
ago
and
want
to
bring
that
into
the
room
as
context
for
really
making
sure
the
definition
of
institutional
instructional
racism
resonates.
I
J
I
J
Went
up
to
the
salesman
were
interested
in
your
home
interested
in
buying
one
and
what
is
the
procedure?
Is
there
an
application
to
be
filled
out
so
forth?
So
he
looked
at
me
looked
around
and
he
said
to
me
says:
listen,
it's
not
me,
but
the
owners
of
this
development
have
not,
as
he
had
decided
to
sell
these
homes
to
Negroes.
I
I
K
J
L
J
L
Lives
in
the
house
that
I
grew
up
in
the
house
today,
five
bedroom
house
is
worth
about
$20,000
the
same
house.
Bottom
suburbs
would
be
worth
today
about
three
hundred
and
twenty
thousand
dollars
so
White's
moving
to
the
suburb
or
being
subsidized
in
the
accumulation
of
wealth,
while
blacks
were
being
divested.
G
E
So
wanted
to
share
again
just
that
short
clip.
It's
would
encourage
you
to
watch
the
fuller
documents,
a
50
minute
video.
It
unpacks
that
a
lot
more
and
curious
that,
even
as
you
reflect
imagine
many
of
you,
if
not
all
of
you
probably
have
heard
of
redlining
before
and
and
may
have
understood,
that
local
government
has
played
a
role,
but
even
still
might
have
understood
something
new
and
as
you're.
E
Looking
at
this
video
of
understanding
the
understanding,
the
the
depth
of
it
as
we
think
about
its
implications
and
I
really
just
want
to
again
acknowledge
dr.
Pettis,
because
I
think
what
he
did
to
really
start
off.
This
session
was
really
named
that
in
a
localized
context,
here
in
San
Jose,
unfortunately,
I
didn't
have
the
San
Jose
Maps,
which
is
what
I'm
glad
that
dr.
E
Peter
Solis
was
able
to
name
it,
because,
if
you
think
about
current
implications
of
redlining
today
in
San,
Jose
I
appreciated
how
he
talked
about
how
suburbs
were
created
outside
of
San
Jose
from
Palo
Alto
to
etc.
Very
much
connected
to
your
history,
and
this
was
an
example
of
Mobile
Alabama.
Looking
at
their
redlining
maps.
E
Looking
at
their
populations
today
realizing
that
those
same
areas
where
the
redlining
is,
as
you
heard,
Tim
Wise,
say
earlier,
this
wasn't
by
accident
right
these
neighborhoods,
where
people
live
where
they
choose
to
live,
it
wasn't
by
accident
right,
and
so,
if
you
think
about
the
need
to
be
targeted,
as
we
mentioned,
the
word
targeted
universalism.
However,
then,
are
you
targeted
in
your
policies
and
your
strategies
and
your
investments,
as
you
think,
about
prioritizing
realizing
the
history
and
its
current
day,
implications
very
much
impact?
E
D
So
we
have
gone
through
normalizing.
We
said
we
wanted
to
provide
information
about
shared
language
terminology,
definitions
for
the
work
that
we
do.
The
introductory
language.
That's
absolutely
critical
is
that
we
have
shared
understanding
around
racial
equity
and
racial
inequity
that
we
know
the
difference
between
implicit
bias
and
explicit
bias
that
it's
not
just
a
matter
of
individuals,
but
it's
institutional
as
well,
and
then
definitions
around
individual
institutional
and
structural
racism.
So
those
are
the
definitions
that
we
use
for
normalizing
at
the
beginning.
D
D
Thank
you
and
within
operationalizing
racial
equity,
we
talked
about
using
tools
as
ways
to
intervene
and
decision-making
processes
and
I
want
to
say
that
tools
are
really
more
of
a
it's
more
important
that
we
think
about
them
as
a
methodology,
as
opposed
to
like
a
easy
fix
right.
That
a
tool
is
only
as
good
as
the
people
using
it.
D
D
We
know
that,
like
with
the
housing
foreclosure
crisis
to
disproportionately
targeted
communities
of
color,
so
prior
to
the
housing
foreclosure
crisis,
the
wealth
gap
was
eight
to
one
immediately
after
the
housing
foreclosure
crisis,
it
was
20
to
1
it's
an
example
of
how
policies
drive
outcomes
where
we
put
city
facilities.
This
is
just
a
map
around
a
single
variable
and
it's
from
the
from
DC,
the
opposite
side
of
the
country,
but
we
actually
work
to
do
opportunity.
D
Mapping
which
is
a
way
of
looking
at
both
things
that
are
perceived
as
positive
and
things
that
are
perceived
as
negative
and
looking
at
what's
located,
where
sort
of
who
gets
the
good
stuff
and
who
gets
the
bad
stuff
and
what
opportunities
exist
and
what
opportunities
don't
exist.
The
location
of
city
facilities
really
is
really
important.
The
last
thing,
street-lighting
I'll,
share
a
little
story
about
why
street
lighting
is
up
here
as
an
example,
and
it
goes
back
to
the
early
days
of
when
Seattle
was
first
starting.
D
A
recent
social
justice
initiative
we
had
CL
was
a
city
that
has
a
relatively
low
homicide
rate
and
had
a
summer
where
we
had
a
series
of
five
young
african-american
and
men
who
are
boys,
really
they
were
teenagers
who
had
been
shot
and
killed.
The
mayor
at
the
time
was
said.
This
is
not
us.
This
is
not.
You
know
this.
This
level
of
violence,
not
okay,
and
he
said
I
want
to
start
a
youth
violence
prevention
initiative.
D
Now
I
said:
I
worked
for
the
city
for
23
years.
I
saw
some
patterns
of
what
happened,
sometimes
with
all
due
respect.
Mr.
mayor
I,
don't
know
whether
that
happens
here,
but
sometimes
when
the
mayor
wants
to
do
something.
The
first
thing
that
happens
is
you
get
a
team
of
people
together
and
you
go
out
to
the
neighborhood,
where
you
know
something
has
happened.
D
He
had
the
answer
you
don't
want
to
have
when
you're
mayor
asked
you
a
question,
he
said,
I,
don't
know
what
he
did
also
say,
however,
was
that
he
was
going
to
look
into
it
and
it
was
in
the
middle
of
the
race
social
justice
initiative,
the
launch
of
using
a
racial
equity
tool.
So
the
super
city
lights,
superintendent,
convened
a
group
of
people
deployed
them
to
use
a
racial
equity
analysis
to
look
at
this
topic
of
street
lights.
D
So
it
turned
out
that
in
Seattle,
every
single
street
light
pole
has
a
number
on
it,
and
so,
when
the
street
light
in
front
of
your
house
or
your
business
burns
out,
it's
your
responsibility
to
call
the
city
and
report
that
it's
out
and
then
the
city
would
deploy
a
truck
and
replace
the
street
light.
So
in
this
neighborhood,
where
it
was
a
high
percent
of
people
with
low
incomes,
high
percent
people
of
color
lots
of
immigrants
and
refugees
asked
the
question:
did
the
team
looking
at
it?
Why
is
this
not
working?
D
Well,
it
wasn't
rocket
science.
If
you're
in
a
neighborhood
were
like
and
I'll
say,
I
didn't
I
had
worked
for
the
city
for
a
while
and
I
didn't
even
know
that
it
would
was
my
responsibility
to
call
the
report,
but
people
who
didn't
know
that
was
the
system.
All
of
the
literature
that
did
exist
was
an
English
lack
of
trust
in
government
like
you
can
just
go
down
the
list
of
all
these
reasons
why
people
aren't
calling
to
report
their
streetlights?
The
end
result
is
that
neighborhoods
don't
have
street
lighting.
There's
no
city
policy.
D
That
says:
we're
gonna
give
inferior
service
to
one
neighborhood
versus
another.
But
again
we
don't
can't
don't
care
about
intent.
We're
looking
at
impact
now
I
will
say
the
typical
response
that
government
would
do
after
coming
up
with
this.
Aha
like
this
is
a
broken
system
we
gotta
fix.
It
is
that
the
typical
response
would
be
the
brochure
response
that
we
would
develop
a
brochure
and
with
all
good
intent.
You
know
we
might
go
so
far
as
to
say
we're.
Gonna
put
it
in
our
city
light
bills.
D
You
know
we're
gonna
do
bill
stuffers,
so
everyone
will
know,
and
the
truth
is
that
that's
not
very
effective.
So
thankfully
we
did
not
do
brochures.
What
we
did
do
was
a
review
of
how
other
cities
replace
streetlights,
because
it
turns
out
that
there
were
other
cities
that
use
different
systems,
a
geographic
based
replacement
so
that
go
into
a
neighborhood
change,
all
the
streetlights.
You
know
the
bulb
life
and
it
keeps
getting
longer
whether
it's
10
years
15
years,
don't
have
to
come
back
for
another
10
or
15
years
to
replace
the
streetlights.
D
It
was
in
the
middle
of
the
recession
and
we
were
in
the
middle
of
the
budget
crisis,
so
cutting
a
hundred
million
dollars
from
the
city
budget
never
fun
time,
and
we
were
really
concerned
like
Oh.
Changing
this
whole
system
sounds
good,
but
it's
gonna
cost
more
money.
Well,
it
turned
out
it
didn't
cost
money,
because
the
old
system
was
really
ineffective.
Sending
one
truck
out
here
are
another
truck
out
there.
Another
truck
over
here
really
ineffective
system.
D
So,
at
the
end
of
the
day,
we
change
the
system
in
such
a
way
that
it
saved
the
city
money
and
it
provided
better
customer
service,
not
just
for
the
south
end
that
was
suffering
the
consequences,
but
the
north
end.
That's
a
higher
higher
income,
neighborhoods
more
white
people
living
there.
Those
neighborhoods
benefited
just
as
well.
It's
not
like.
They
woke
up
and
thought
today's
the
day
I
get
to
call
the
city
to
get
my
streetlight
replaced.
They
were
happy
to
have
it
replaced
without
having
to
complain
about
it
now.
D
What
we
do
is
we'll
say:
oh
we're
going
to
engage
the
community,
but
then
we
just
do
sort
of
one
size
fits
all,
and
we
know
that
our
community
engagement
oftentimes
does
not
result
in
participation
from
communities
of
color
from
people
with
low
incomes,
etcetera
so
have
using
that
data
to
drive
our
community
engagement
and
after
we've
got
data
and
after
we've
engaged
community,
then
you
develop
the
strategies,
got
the
strategies
implement
the
strategies.
The
last
thing
is
around
communications
and
accountability.
D
Sometimes
the
communications
piece
of
it
can
be
thought
of
across
every
single
phase,
but
at
the
end
of
the
day,
being
strategic
and
thoughtful
about
how
we
think
talk
about
things
is
critical
because
sometimes
when
we
just
start
talking
about
disproportionality,
--zz,
looking
at
data,
we
perpetuate
stereotypes
or
we
trigger
implicit
bias.
So
having
intentionality
and
the
way
that
we
talk
about
our
strategies
for
implementation
is
critical,
lasting
around
accountability.
That
means
accountability
for
results.
D
So
when
Worm
creating
changes,
we
always
want
to
go
back
to
the
beginning
analyze
whether
the
desired
results
that
we
hope
to
achieve
are
actually
being
achieved
and
if
needed,
figure
out,
what
needs
to
be
done
else
needs
to
be
done.
Maybe
it's
less
of
something
else,
but
always
focusing
on
the
end
result.
So
that's
using
a
racial
equity
tool
want
to
give
a
shout
out
to
the
gara
teams
that
were
mentioned
earlier
across
two
years.
D
They
have
learned
around
using
a
racial
equity
tool,
routine
decision-making
processes
really
important
part
of
operationalizing
racial
equity
have
lots
of
examples
around
how
racial
equity
tools
can
be
used.
I
talked
about
streetlights.
You
can
look
at
things
like
band
the
box
policies
contracting
and
procurement,
the
resources
that
are
part
of
your
budget,
your
operations
when
it
comes
to
contracting
and
procurement
who's
benefiting
from
those
looking
at
just
like
issue
after
issue
topic
after
topic,
I've
got
lots
and
lots
of
examples
of
using
a
racial
equity
tool
with
the
desire
to
actually
interrupt
decision-making
processes.
E
So
just
I
wanted
to
acknowledge
us
as
we
as
Julie.
Just
did
a
really
great
job
going
through
what
the
operationalizing
in
we
hope
it
gives
you
a
set
of
some
specific
examples,
a
complaint
based
system,
as
well
as
showing
that
what
the
tool
could
look
like
and
acknowledging
that
here
with
the
San
Jose
team
that
there
are
folks
are
already
starting
to
use
the
team
use
that
tool.
I.
E
Think
from
a
city
council
perspective,
I,
think
the
question
the
number
of
cities
that,
where
we
find
city
council,
as
you
know,
that
the
the
core
team
is
starting
to
use
that
that
tool.
How
does
that
come
before
City
Council?
As
you
maybe
there's
an
intentionality
of
you,
developing
a
racial
equity
impact
assessment
statement
that
you
want
everything
that
comes
before
you
presented
in
that
way,
so
you're
able
to
understand
kind
of
how
the
teams
are
processing
it
and
how
they're
using
that
in
their
decision-making.
E
So
it
helps
inform
your
discussion,
so
want
to
kind
of
acknowledge
that
there's
some
active
things
that
you
could
do
as
a
City,
Council
and
then
also
the
last
piece
of
this
is
also
acknowledging
kind
of
how
do
you
think
about
organizing?
What's
the
capacity
worked,
it
needs
to
happen
both
within
the
city
and
in
partnership
with
the
community.
What's
kind
of
the
infrastructure,
we
have
a
guide
and
again
in
this
space.
E
If
some
people
want
to
go
faster
or
some
people
want
to
go
slower
space,
there
are
some
practical
things
that
we've
put
out
the
National
League
of
Cities
on
how
to
get
started
from
a
city.
Leadership
perspective.
These
six
steps
about
what
city
leaders
are
doing
to
set
the
example.
How
are
you
creating
spaces
to
listen
to
listen
to
the
community,
what
commitments
you're
making
as
a
city
to
kind
of
make
a
declaration
around
your
commitment
to
this,
the
kind
of
infrastructure
that
you
want
to
have
in
place?
E
So
there
are
a
number
of
examples
that
we
want
to
encourage
you
as
you're,
looking
to
figure
out
how
fast
or
how
slow
you
want
to
go
about
what
you
can
do
that
sometimes
it's
low
to
no
cost
in
terms
of
a
budget.
It
really
just
speaks
to
your
commitment
and
how
you
want
to
get
organized
as
a
city,
and
so
what
I
love
about
the
work,
as
we've
been
seeing
examples
across
the
country
there.
E
A
lot
of
this
is
gives
you
a
sense
of
kind
of
what
the
work
looks
like
to
kind
of
get
organized
and
what
the
infrastructure
needs
to
be
in
place
want
to
also
just
commend
the
city,
those
that
have
been
leading
it
here
with
the
the
gear
teams
really
starting
to
think
about
the
structures
here
and
I
know.
Folks
can
hear
that
among
the
gear
that
are
still
here
among
the
gear
teams
could
speak
more
about
who's.
A
part
of
that
core
team
here
within
the
city
of
San
Jose.
E
How
are
they
represented
across
multiple
agencies?
What
does
that?
Look
like?
What
level
of
accountability
are
you
putting
in
place
to
make
sure
that
you,
as
a
city,
are
really
demonstrating
your
commitment
to
this,
and
so
there
are
agreements
that
you're
putting
in
place.
There's
a
commitment
to
developing
work
plans.
There
are
you
know,
teeth
you're,
putting
into
the
space
set
it's
not
just
to
check
the
box,
all
we're
doing
racial
equity.
E
You
know
we
really
are
committed
to
seeing
it
being
embedded
in
the
plans
and
how
folks
are
using
the
tools,
and
so
there
are
a
number
of
profiles
that
the
National
League
of
Cities
have
put
out
that
we
encourage
you
to.
You
know
you
can
download
off
of
our
website
there
a
number
of
cities
that
you
can
get
a
sense
of
how
they're,
organizing
what
it
looks
like
and
even
can
serve
as
models
for
you,
as
you
think
about
what
can
continue
to
build
on
the
work.
That's
happening
in
San
Jose.
E
One
of
those
models
we
want
to
highlight.
We
want
to
highlight
just
two
for
you:
one
is
the
Louisville
model,
Louisville
the
Louisville
Metro
area,
their
work
started
within
their
health
department,
their
center
for
health
equity.
They
did
a
lot
of
work
initially
around
data
and
looking
at
disparities,
kind
of
really
challenging
themselves
about.
How
do
we
really
understand
the?
Why,
behind
those
disparities,
it
really
led
them
as
a
health
department
to
really
start
naming
institutional
and
structural
racism.
The
mayor,
their
mayor,
Fisher,
has
been
very
involved
in
really
naming
this
work
realizing.
E
He
has
its
platform
that
he
wants
to
figure
out
how
he
uses
his
platform
to
really
find
multiple
ways
to
do.
The
work,
and
one
of
the
things
that
he
took
a
leadership
role
is
the
work
that
needs
to
happen
to
really
engage
the
community,
and
so
there
were
a
number
of
convenings
that
came
out
of,
and
it
still
is
still
ongoing
in
Louisville
that
has
produced
recommendations
that
has
driven
how
the
city
is
prioritizing
and
making
decisions
around
their
racial
equity
agenda
and
then
he's
also
started
building
infrastructure.
E
He
has
created
liaisons
from
all
of
the
agencies,
have
a
racial
equity
liaison
they've
committed
to
training
across
all
of
their
staff
and
I
know.
Some
of
that
training
has
already
started
with
the
work
that
gear
has
been
doing
here
this
past
year
and
he
also
built
an
office
of
equity
and
hired
a
chief
equity
officer
and,
and
so
those
kind
of
give
you
some
high-level
kind
of
sense
of
kind
of
what
the
organizing
looks
like
so
Louisville
is
one
example,
and
we
can
maybe
talk
about
Austin
yeah.
D
I
would
love
to
talk
about
Austin,
both
Austin
and
Louisville
participated
in
what
was
called
racial
equity
here,
which
was
a
partnership
with
living
cities
where
we
worked
with
five
cities
across
a
two
year
on
a
two
year
basis
to
really
do
like
an
accelerated
in-depth
immersion
process
and
so
Austin
a
little
bit
different
in
the
approach
that
they
took.
A
few
highlights
that
I
would
give
about.
Austin
is
that
they
did
an
amazing
job
of
work
in
partnership
with
community-based
organizations
in
the
development
of
their
racial
equity
tool.
D
What
that
meant
is
is
that,
instead
of
sometimes
within
government,
the
silos
or
departments
that
can
exist,
don't
work
very
well
from
a
community
perspective.
So
you
know
within
departments.
It's
like
well
intended
we're
gonna,
do
Community
Engagement
about
this
Park
or
this
transportation
project
or
this
housing
project,
but
it
doesn't
frequently
come
together
and
support
the
community,
and
so
what
Austin
did
was
really
focused
on
expanding
relationships
in
a
more
authentic
way,
as
opposed
to
like
just
providing
out
chip
outreach.
D
But
thinking
about
how
government
and
community
could
work
in
closer
partnership,
they
also
integrated
racial
equity
into
their.
The
review
of
projects
for
bonds-
and
it
was
one
of
the
primary
criteria
that
they
used
to
identify
which
projects
we're
going
to
be
included,
they
some
of
the
infrastructure
that
they
did
as
well
created
an
office
for
equity.
The
goal
of
that
is
not
just
to
have
an
office
where
it's
like.
You
know
whether
the
office
is
good
or
about
or
effective
or
ineffective.
E
A
You
thank
you
very
much.
Tremendous
presentation,
I
think
I,
certainly
learned
a
lot
and
I
know
we
will
continue
to
learn
as
we
move
forward.
So
thank
you,
Julie
Steven
and
Leon.
Thank
you
for,
for
all
the
information
you've
provided
us
and
what
I'd
like
to
do
is
to
go
to
public
comment
at
this
time
and
then
be
happy
to
start
up
again
where
you
left
off
or
I,
interrupted
you
rather
where
we
can
engage
response
to
your
questions.
I
just
want
to
remind
everybody.
Please
submit
a
card
if
you'd
like
to
speak.
J
If
you
have
not
read
this
book
or
seen
this
book
that
was
written
by
Professor
Petey,
it's
called
the
devil
in
Silicon
Valley
came
out
25
years
ago,
it's
as
relevant
today
as
when
he
wrote
it
and
it
talks
about
the
problems
that
are
endemic
in
our
society,
and
that
is
until
we
all
recognize
that
racism
has
been
a
primary
factor
since
the
institution
and
evolution
of
our
country.
We
cannot
resolve
these
problems.
J
People
do
not
believe
that
there
is
racism,
but
there
is,
and
we
see
it
every
day
in
the
news
we
see
it
every
day
in
our
own
leadership
nationally,
as
well
as
locally.
There
are
people
out
there
that
have
inimical
interests
in
mind,
and
we
need
to
talk
about
it,
and
this
is
the
step
that
you're
taking,
which
is
an
important
step,
and
it
is
to
recognize
that
racism
is
at
the
root
of
many
of
our
problems.
J
I
can
tell
you
that
people
like
Taylor
Swift
is
talking
about
the
inequity
how
women
are
treated
in
this
society.
I
can
tell
you
that
President
Trump
to
mention
some,
has
treated
people
in
an
inequitable
way
just
by
the
way
in
which
he
has
conducted
himself,
not
in
any
political
sense,
but
rather
in
a
institutional
sense
of
a
president,
taking
steps
that
are
inimical
to
the
rest
of
us.
That
is
my
comment
and
I
want
to.
Thank
you
all
for
taking
this
step
forward.
Don't.
M
Good
afternoon
my
name
is
sadhana
alvarez.
I
am
the
executive
director
of
the
Salvador
e
Alvarez
Institute
for
non-violence,
my
father
traveled,
to
around
the
world
to
more
than
20
countries
and
was
honoured
by
the
Vatican
received
a
papal
honour
for
his
work
in
peace
and
when
he
went
to
Soweto
and
went
to
Palestine
into
Irish
ghettos,
he
would
come
back
and
even
abroad.
He
taught
them
about
the
ghetto
or
the
Barrios
of
East
San
Jose.
M
And
what
he's
when
he
came
back
here,
he
would
use
the
word
apartheid
and
that
apartheid
existed
here
in
Silicon
Valley.
My
father
had
the
credibility
having
seen
it
across
the
globe
that
it's
our
reality
and
as
the
executive
director
of
the
Institute
for
non-violence,
I'm,
really
grateful
for
stephen
pd
coming
today
and
for
the
leadership
of
care
and
bringing
when
I've
spoken
about
structural
violence.
M
M
Getting
here
it
was
a
difficult
journey
and
it
really
ought
to
have
not
been
that
difficult
when
we
had
that
long
session
to
come
to
this
vote
and
include
the
equity
session,
when
we
heard
that
we
were
asking
too
much,
those
are
painful
realities,
and
so
all
this
is
very
vividly
real.
The
council
members
who
brought
the
memo
forward
I'm
really
really
grateful
for
for
you,
because
today
it's
appropriate.
We
have
an
historian
with
us,
because
this
is
an
historic
day,
so
I
want
to
make
sure
that
your
names
are
said.
M
M
A
J
Good
afternoon
I'm
Aleman
Martinez
from
la
raza,
Historical,
Society
and
I
just
wanted
to
comment
a
little
bit
about
the
importance
of
the
work
that
you're
going
to
be
doing
in
these
efforts
that
you're
talking
about
you,
know
they're,
really
major
and
the
importance
of
listening
to
the
act
to
the
people
of
the
city,
because
they
have
I
mean
this
is
gonna
happen
without
the
basic
people.
I
was
going
to
say
for,
for
example,
in
some
of
the
comments
made
today.
I
often
talk
to
people
about
how
why
San
Jose
is
not.
J
J
They
undertook
a
process
of
working
with
the
police
and
the
city
and
all
not
just
Latinos
with
pulling
everyone
together,
because
the
guns
were
in
the
out
in
the
neighborhoods
they
were,
you
know
wanting
to
go,
kill,
cops,
that's
very
real
and
that's
why
we're
not
Ferguson,
because
what
the
people
did
and
those
are
the
stories
people
don't
know,
that's
the
importance
of
a
Historical
Society.
Lastly,
I
just
wanted
to
mention
there's
all
kinds
of
stories:
the
Almaden
mines
they're.
You
know
a
latino,
don't
rush
to
the
Almaden
mines.
Yet
we
had
a
great.
J
We
did
all
that
I
have
used
work
there,
but
nobody
goes
there
and
I.
Don't
think
anybody's
interested
in
us
going
because
they
have
to
talk
about
how
we
were
on
the
to
wage
system.
Did
the
dirtiest
work
for
the
least
money
died?
The
fastest,
so
those
are
the
historical
things
we
have
to
work
on
and
just
saying
again,
that's
got
to
be
part
of
what
happens
here.
J
Lastly,
his
book
when
he
came
out
the
first
chapter
starts
talking
about
lino
Covarrubias,
climbing,
on
a
on
a
roof
of
the
CSO
to
to
to
South
Jackson
Lee
knows
94,
he's
there
every
day,
right
now
and
anyway,
it's
the
CSO
in
1960
that
fought
across
this
state
to
make
the
state
give
old-age
pensions
to
people
who
may
not
be
citizens,
but
they
have
proof
that
they
worked
here
for
20
years
and
that's
how
they
therefore
started
to
afford
buying
the
little
houses
the
real
estate,
blah
blah
blah.
That
would
talk
about.
A
A
N
We're
telling
you
the
stories
of
our
lives,
we're
telling
you
what's
going
on
in
our
communities,
we're
telling
about
the
poverty
and
all
the
losses
so
that
people
are
experiencing
people
being
displaced,
and
yet
this
council
still
continues
to
vote
to
further
displace
people
and
I,
don't
normally
point
a
finger
at
the
council
and
I.
Don't
really
think
I'm
doing
it
right
now.
N
You
should
hear
the
stories
that
are
being
told,
take
them
to
heart,
become
part
of
the
city
and
not
a
part
of
the
city,
apart
from
the
city
rather
and
I
would
also
like
to
say
that,
besides
racial
disparity,
we
also
have
poverty
disparity,
and
you
all
know
that
I
stand
for
the
people
in
the
streets,
the
people
in
the
streets
that
don't
really
have
representation.
We
don't
we
have
councils
for
all
sorts
of
things.
We
have
different
neighbourhood
associations.
N
We
have
all
these
different
things
to
bring
information
to
the
council
of
what's
going
on
in
our
city.
But
what
do
we
have?
That
represents
the
people
that
are
actually
living
in
the
streets
of
our
city.
What
we
have
that
represents
the
the
things
that
we
have
to
go
through:
the
people
that
are
displaced,
the
people
that
are
being
marginalized,
criminalized
and
disenfranchised.
This
is
something
that
I
have
been
trying
to
talk
about
for
a
long
time
and
I.
Thank
you
for
bringing
this
subject
up
I.
N
J
My
name
is
Paul
Soto
and
please
thank
you.
Thank
you
for
elevating
my
life
experience
to
the
point
where
it
is
objective
fact
and
no
longer
opinion.
I
cannot.
Thank
you
enough
for
doing
that.
Formula.
I
was
born
at
Valley
Med.
My
father
grew
up
in
Sussex
where
this
he
grew
up
in
a
tent
and
was
picking
fruit
over
there
in
that
neighborhood
they
called
it
south
sequence
because
it
was
muddy
get
out.
If
you
can,
that
was
the
premise
yeah
you're,
not
in
your
head'll
Accardo,
because
you
know
these
are
objective
facts
no
more.
J
This
is
no
longer
over
your
opinion.
Thank
you
for
your
opinion.
I'll.
Take
that
into
consideration
Charlie!
No
more!
No!
No!
These
are
the
facts
that
we're
gonna
have
to
confront.
So
now
what
I
would
like
is
for
all
the
policies
that
you
guys
agreed
to
with
Google
to
be
revised
and
this
stuff
taken
into
consideration
and
inserted
in
those
policies
so
that
we
can
have
a
better,
more
equitable,
more
some,
some
economically
going
on
this
poem
right
here
is
dedicated
to
Michael
Tyree
and
Tiburcio
Vasquez,
who
was
hung
at
st.
James
Park.
J
He
was
not
mentioned
here.
He
was
hung
at
st.
James
Park.
He
was
a
landed
owner
here
and
he
was
hung
over
there
in
the
1800's
because
he
would
leave
mental
health
under
the
weight
of
your
wealth
suffers,
striving
for
dignity,
our
humanity
under
your
apathy.
Our
significance
beneath
your
indifference
challenges
our
collective
resiliency
eyes.
Listen
ears,
hear
let's
in
teen,
hearts
pray
for
those
with
an
obsession
who
welcome
oppression
to
those
living
in
San
Jose,
the
greedy
know
nothing
with
regard
to
justice.
J
They
know
only
about
just
us
examine
my
heart
searched
my
soul,
says
San
Jose.
What
has
become
of
me
when
I
look
in
the
eyes,
ignoring
the
cries
of
those
who
were
the
least
one
of
these
compassion?
Escorted
me
along
the
creeks.
These
are
not
San
Jose.
These
shall
not
in
San
Jose
swell
'the
holding
apathy
snows
because
it
wreaked
said
it's
no
matter.
J
They
brought
it
on
themselves
along
the
water
loop
air
poverty
morning,
as
developers
and
banks
keep
oligarchs
journey,
providing
the
means
for
gentrification
plotting
the
insolvent
decimation
instead
of
new
homes,
they
erect
tombstones
casting
his
shadow
along
the
river
building,
your
towers,
demonstrating
your
power
in
who
shadow
the
homeless
shiver.
This
poems
goal
is
to
remind
that
we
have
a
mandate
be
kind
upon
her
upon
which
our
Humanity
is
built.
Woe
to
those
in
haughtiness.
They
chose
to
suppress
the
soul,
pangs
of
guilt.
Thank.
K
Good
afternoon,
members
of
the
council
me
Ricardo
Salvador
Bustamante,
with
Latinos
United
for
a
new
America
first
I'd
like
to
recognize
the
Latino
members
of
the
Council
for
pushing
this
session
council
members,
Parsa
jimenez
morales
arenas
and
Carrasco
and
I
also
would
like
to
thank
the
presenters
for
this
great
presentation.
Thank
you
very
much.
It
made
me
remind
remember
about
the
reasons
why
we
founded
Luna
was
2012
and
we
wrapped
the
Latino
report
card,
where
it
said
that
50%
of
Latino
kids
in
Silicon
Valley
do
not
graduate
from
high
school.
K
That
Latinos
are
the
people
who
work
the
most
and
earn
the
least,
and
that
we
had
the
highest
incidence
of
diabetes,
and
so
that's
when
we
decided
that
we
can,
along
that,
we
couldn't
sit
just
and
see
all
these
things
and
do
something
to
help
alleviate
that
situation.
That's
the
reason
why
we
found
it
Luna,
so
we
had
been
doing
that
since
2013,
and
you
know
we
will
continue
to
that.
But
I
think
it
is
time
for
the
council
as
an
institution
to
also
adopt
a
new
system.
You
know
and
how
we
share.
K
I
mean
distribute
resources
and
services
to
our
communities,
so
it's
in
a
more
equitable
way,
so
the
people
who
live
in
our
communities
that
are
underserved
that
they
receive
their
fair
share
of
of
these
resources.
We
cannot,
in
good
conscience,
continue
to
you
know
just
do
nothing
when
this
crime
of
having
50%
of
the
largest
ethnic
group
in
the
city,
not
graduate
from
high
school.
That
is
a
crime
that
affects
all
of
us,
not
just
those
families
and
those
kids,
but
it
affects
them.
K
You
know
the
ability
of
San
Jose
to
continue
to
prepare
its
people,
so
we
can
govern
this
city,
so
the
economy
keeps
moving.
Thank
you
very
much.
I
challenge
the
all
the
members
of
the
council
who
haven't
taken
a
position
in
this
to
adopt
a
different
system
that
it's
more
equitable
for
everyone.
Thank
you.
O
Thank
you
for
your
attention.
I
wear
many
hats
in
the
community.
The
primary
had
is
I,
am
a
community
activist.
I
am
a
lover
of
Sanko
say
this
is
the
place
I
was
born.
This
is
the
place.
I
will
die.
This
is
where
I
was
educated.
This
was
where
my
kids
were
mostly
educated.
I
have
no
problems
with
my
children's
education.
They
are
the
exception
and
I'm
very
proud
of
them,
but
it
was
not
an
easy
road
being
Latino
kids
in
a
gate
program.
They
were
not
treated
very
nicely.
O
As
a
matter
of
fact,
it
took
some
years
until
I
found
out
that
my
daughter,
though
we
call
a
fight
for
free
lunch,
that
she
did
not
go
and
get
her
lunch
card
from
her
teacher
because
she
had
to
go
to
a
school.
It
was
read
elementary,
predominantly
white
and
the
teacher
would
say,
come
and
get
your
card,
so
she
didn't
get
her
lunch
card
because
she
was
embarrassed
and
those
are
the
tiny
little
things
that
still
go
on
in
San
Jose
systematically.
This
is
what
happens.
O
We
now
know
that
that's
a
horrible
thing
to
do.
We
now
know
teachers
should
do
better
and
but
we
also
know
sometimes
some
people
don't
do
better
and
if
we
reflect
now
and
look
at
ourselves
in
the
mirror,
please
ask
yourselves
those
of
you
who
have
not
taken
a
position
in
supporting
this
initiative.
Why
haven't
you?
Are
you
reflecting
the
community?
Are
you
reflecting
the
language
that
is
going
on
throughout
the
country
we're
bigger
than
that?
And
this
is
a
way
for
us
to
get
smarter
together.
O
We
all
rise
together,
but
remember
equal
is
not
equal.
The
wrongs
that
my
kids
had
to
climb
are
not
the
same
rungs
I
had
to
climb
because
they
did
not
exist
for
many
families,
there
are
no
rungs
at
all
and
we
have
to
create
them,
and
we
have
to
do
that
within
ourselves
within
our
own
community,
because
we
speak
the
same
language.
We
have
the
same
experiences
but
remember.
First
of
all,
I
love,
San,
Jose,
I
love
all
people
in
San
Jose.
We
all
need
to
do
better.
A
F
My
name
is
Kathy
Chavez,
Napoli
and
I
am
very
proud
to
say
that
I
am
a
native
of
San
Jose
and
I
actually
picked
prunes
when
they
were
still
here.
Cut
apricots
picked
strawberries
and
picked
walnuts,
so
I'm
very
proud
to
say
that
I'm,
a
field
worker
of
San
Jose
but
I
do
want
to
share
some
information
with
you.
I
haven't
come
here
for
a
long
time.
I
know
mr.
F
Doyle
remembers
me
when
we
were
both
much
younger
and
I
have
much
more
gray
hair,
but
I
haven't
come
because
I
was
frustrated,
I
would
come
every
week
to
city
council
meetings.
I
would
look
at
the
budgets
and
I
would
talk
to
mayor
hammer
and
mayor
McHenry
about
the
inequities
that
were
going
on
and
I
would
fight,
and
it
would
not
make
a
difference
and
I
will
give
you
one
example
of
what
I
brought
up.
F
We
all
know
about
the
Fallon
house
and
I
just
read
about
it
recently
now
I
was
at
the
meetings
and
I
read
the
newspaper.
That
said
it
was
gonna
cost
1
million
dollars
to
renovate
and
years
later,
I
got
some
other
documents.
That
said,
that
four
million
dollars
had
already
been
spent,
but
I
was
at
a
meeting
and
I
challenged.
F
Mayor
hammer
and
I
said
I
know
you
spent
more
than
four
million
dollars
because
you
painted
it
and
you
landscaped
it
and
you
did
paving
and
so
in
the
end
she
said,
I
was
wrong,
but
the
mercury-news
did
an
expose
and
said
that
over
six
million
dollars
had
been
spent
on
a
house
for
a
mayor
who
was
exploiting
his
wife
in
his
community.
I
looked
on
the
east
side,
we
didn't
have
services,
we
didn't
have
a
library
and,
more
importantly,
I,
am
also
Native
American.
F
F
A
M
Great
good
afternoon,
my
name
is
Shiloh
Ballard
I
am
a
resident
of
San
Jose
I
come
bearing
gifts
and
I
bring
these
there.
Two
books
that
have
been
transformational
for
me
and
I
want
to
leave
them
with
the
council,
because
I
would
love
for
you
all
to
read
them.
It
was
about
three
years
ago
or
so
that
some
incidents
happened
in
my
life
that
were
catalyzed
by
the
election
of
our
current
president.
That
caused
me
to
start
doing
some
deep
self
education
and
reflection
on
race
in
America.
M
My
own
learning
has
been
fairly
painful
to
have
some
realizations
about
myself
as
a
privileged
white
woman.
I
had
longed
for
folks
to
process
this
stuff
with
and
I
found
these
books.
Incredibly
helpful
and
part
of
me
saying
this
is
because
I
want
to
first
and
foremost.
Thank
you
all
for
having
this
conversation,
I
think
it's
incredibly
important,
I,
don't
believe,
there's
anything
more
important
to
be
talking
about
and
grappling
with
at
this
point
in
time.
So
these
books,
both
of
them
one
of
them,
is
called
white
fragility.
L
L
P
L
I
started
around
the
airport
and
in
the
mornings
the
fields
would
be
moist
with
I
thought
it
was
do
Mountain,
Dew
or
whatever
it
turns
out
to
be
pesticides,
and
so
my
neurologist
says
the
Parkinson's
that
I
have
might
be
due
to
a
head
injury
or
pesticides.
Well,
I
wrote
a
motorcycle
for
20
years,
never
even
owned.
The
helmet
never
had
an
accident,
but
a
lot
of
pesticides
that
I
might
have
ingested.
L
Have
a
lot
to
say,
but
I'm
gonna
quote
from
my
favorite
philosopher,
Spanish
philosopher
horse,
a
Ortega
ego
said
in
a
book
he
wrote
in
the
1950s
meditation
on
quixote.
He
said
humans
have
no
nature
but
I
as
human
beings.
We
have
categorically
different.
We
are
category
different
than
the
other
animals
which
are
born
and
lived
their
whole
lives
according
to
their
nature.
Birds,
no
know
how
to
fly
fish
got
to
swim.
L
They
know
their
behavior
genetically
and
how
never
doubt
what
to
do
under
any
circumstance,
but
Naturals
naturalist,
film,
baby
birds,
the
first
jumping
from
the
nest
delighting
us
as
they
fall
to
the
ground,
but
they
spread
their
wings
and
they
try
and
try
again,
but
as
human
beings
were
not
born
with
all
the
innate
knowledge
of
how
to
navigate
all
the
curves
to
encounter
along
our
lives.
Ortega's
court
states
that
we
have
history
to
guide
us
to
lead
us
to
tell
us
our
history.
L
L
J
H
Folks.
There
are
vast
differences
in
the
valley
that
we
can
that
map
very
clearly
with
social
issues
and
social
problems
along
with
race,
and
so
that
it's
just
really
that
the
reality
and
we
can't
say
that
this
is
not
something
it's
just
in
the
past.
But
it's
I'm.
My
concern
is
the
issues
and
how
they
affect
the
present
and
how
we
want
to
move
forward
in
the
present
and
looking
at
certain
kind
of
policies.
H
They're
gonna
that
are
going
to
not
necessarily
not
only
drive
and
try
to
create
compensation
for
the
past,
but
allow
us
to
move
towards
the
future
in
a
different
kind
of
San
Jose,
as
we
look
at
other
kinds
of
programs
that
we're
coming
up
in
developments
in
downtown.
What
is
the
impact
on
these
communities
of
color?
H
J
Q
Name
is
Rita,
do
what
the
Herrera
I
was
born
in
San
Jose
in
1950
and
I
identify
as
a
raised
poor
Chicana
woman
I've
lived
here.
All
my
life
currently
I
am
a
happily
retired
resident
of
San
Jose,
but
before
retirement
I
worked
as
a
senior
faculty
member
of
NC,
the
National
Coalition
for
equity
and
education
based
at
UC
Santa
Barbara,
we
use
the
term
equity
as
a
euphemism,
because
most
people
don't
want
to
hear
eliminating
racism,
classism,
sexism,
homophobia
and
other
oppressions.
Q
Q
Finally,
equity
is
about
building
trust,
building
relationships
and
creating
a
more
respectful
community,
so
I.
Thank
you,
my
city
leaders
for
moving
towards
building
a
more
respectful
community
and
I.
Thank
you,
our
brilliant
speakers
for
the
study
session
on
creating
a
more
effective
community,
San
Jose
Steven.
Pity
I
must
say
my
husband,
dr.
Joelle,
Reece
Herrera
quotes
you
practically
every
day.
Yeah.
R
Good
afternoon
I'm,
Alison,
Brenner
and
I'm,
the
CEO
at
the
Law
Foundation
of
Silicon
Valley
I,
am
also
San.
Jose
native
I
am
also
a
white
woman,
as
you
can
see,
who
is
privileged
to
grow
up
in
the
west
side
of
San
Jose
and
so
I'm.
A
San,
Jose
native
and
I
wanted
to
make
that
point
which
I
usually
don't
make
when
I
come
up
here.
I'm
also
someone,
as
you
know,
who's
very
committed
to
fighting
for
justice
in
our
community
and
equality
and
eradicating
racism.
R
R
Our
city
must
take
on
this
important
challenge,
committing
to
the
challenge
of
ensuring
equity
as
a
core
principle
and
being
willing
to
implement
policies
and
strategies
to
ensure
that
everyone
in
our
city
can
reach
their
full
potential.
Our
organization
has
been
working
with
senior
level
city
staff
involved
with
the
terrific
era
program
and
policy
link
all
in
cities
programs,
both
of
which
takes
similar
approaches
to
this
type
of
education,
personal
work
and
roadmap.
R
P
P
P
We
have
a
long
way
to
go
here
and
where
are
those
young
people
that
you
threw
out
of
here?
Why
aren't
they
invited
into
this
conversation?
Violence
got
here.
Violence
got
us
here.
You
can't
tell
us
that
we
need
to
come
here
and
be
polite
when
we're
experiencing
violence
every
single
day
of
our
lives.
S
S
So
I
just
want
to
say
that
in
particular,
I
think
we're
having
a
conversation
right
now
about
housing
and
how
we're
doing
housing
I
appreciate
all
the
history
today
that
we
learned
about
redlining
and
zoning
and
single-family
housing.
I.
Think
San
Jose
in
particular,
has
a
lot
to
grapple
with
when
it
comes
to
these
type
of
policies.
I
think
other
cities
in
America,
Minneapolis,
Portland,
Oregon
Austin
Texas
Seattle,
are
finally
coming
to
recognize
that
yes,
their
single-family
zoning
and
these
redlining
policies
have
created
tremendous
segregation
in
our
cities.
S
We
see
this
in
San
Jose
too
and
they're
using
those
those
histories
as
justifications
for
changing
the
rules
and
so
I
think
with
94%
of
our
housing
being
single-family
zoning.
If
you
look
at
the
redlining
maps
from
San
Jose,
the
green
and
blue
neighborhoods
are
the
widest
neighborhoods.
That's
Willow,
Glen,
that's
rose
garden,
that's
Alameda!
That's
negative!
Park
they're,
like
60
70,
80,
some
90%
white
neighborhoods.
That's
where
resources
are
concentrated,
I
think
we
need
to
tear
those
things
down.
S
I
think
you
know
really
take
a
good
look
at
changing
those
single-family
neighborhoods
and
we're
talking
about
that
this
year
in
the
general
client
task
force,
review
I
think
we
owe
it
to
all
of
our
community
in
San
Jose,
particularly
communities
that
have
been
blocked
out
and
oppressed
in
the
past,
to
let
people
in
and
to
take
down
those
walls
in
those
neighborhoods.
Thank
you
thank.
M
Good
afternoon
council
members,
my
name
is
Camille
iana's,
compañÃa
and
I'm.
The
executive
director
was
almost
Mayfair
as
well
as
a
lifelong
resident
of
East
San
Jose
today
is
a
historic
day
because
we
can
actually
have
this
conversation
and
open,
but
it
was
extremely
painful
and
I
think
what
we
learned
is
that
it
is
deep
and
pervasive
and
inequity
still
persist
today.
I
want
to
thank
dr.
Steven
pity
for
the
historical
grounding
that
we
all
need
to
know,
and
unfortunately,
too
many
San,
Jose
ins,
don't
know
it.
M
A
lot
of
this
information
is
hidden
from
us
and,
in
my
particular
case,
didn't
learn
it
until
I
went
off
to
college,
which
is
a
privilege
in
itself,
as
someone
who
grew
up
in
East,
San
Jose,
but
I
also
want
to
remind
you
that
while
it
may
seem
like
this
happened
decades
ago,
this
is
still
happening.
You
had
residents
here
from
the
east
side
of
San
Jose
last
week
in
your
chambers
or
actually
in
the
main
tower
demanding
for
access
to
affordable
housing
and
dignified
housing.
M
There
were
parents
on
the
east
side
last
night,
demanding
at
the
school
district
for
a
more
just
and
transparent
governance
structure
where
their
voices
are
actually
included.
These
things
are
persisting
and
we
are
getting
angry
because
it
seems
like
nobody
is
listening
and
so
I
hope
that
we
take
today's
study
session
and
really
ground
ourselves
in
what
we
all
heard.
As
fact,
this
is
systemic
and
structural,
racism
and
violence.
This
is
intergenerational
hate
crimes
and
money
alone
will
not
solve
these
problems.
We
can't
fund
things
as
our
way
out
of
it.
M
G
G
Our
objective
is
to
mobilize
ordinary
people
where
we
will
bring
these
people
to
you,
so
you
can
hear
their
stories.
We
hear
the
data,
we
know
the
statistics,
but
we
must
move
beyond
that.
The
difference
between
PAC
and
other
organizations
are
where
organizers,
grassroots
organizers,
we're
faith-based
Interfaith.
So
we
have
a
prophetic
responsibility
to
speak
truth
to
power.
That
simply
means
if
we
have
to
speak
truth
to
power.
G
That
will
come
to
you
so
from
a
prophetic
perspective
representing
the
Interfaith
and
the
clergy
of
the
city
of
San,
Jose
I
pray
for
you,
because
you
are
in
a
very
challenging
position,
but
I
applaud
you
for
the
opportunity
of
creating
courageous
space
to
have
this
conversation.
But
let's
move
beyond
convening
and
let's
move
towards
coming
up
with
solutions
that
create
equality,
equity
for
all
of
our
people
here
in
San
Jose.
Thank.
A
Q
Good
afternoon
I'm
gene
Dresden
I'm
with
San
Jose
parks,
advocates
and
I
brought
you
the
red
line
from
1937.
The
circled
numbers
in
with
DS
are
the
red
ones,
but
the
red
is
a
very
light
pink
and
in
1937
it
was
issue.
You
can
go
back
and
take
a
look
at
those
historic
redline
parks
and
redlining
continued
through
1967,
and
you
can
see
the
park
deficit
neighborhoods.
Q
In
the
last
twenty
years,
they've
been
some
efforts
to
acquire
park
land
in
the
park
deficit
areas,
but
take
a
look
at
the
quality
of
those
parks.
Some
of
them
are
tiny
remnant
lands
no
more
than
a
tot
lot.
Is
that
really
addressing
the
historic
inequities?
And
if
we're
going
to
do
that,
it's
going
to
take
brave
council
action?
Thank
you
for
your
comment.
Your
work
on
Tuesday,
looking
at
regulations
that
have
been
barriers
to
those
kinds
of
brave
actions
and
I
hope
we
actually
can
make
someone.
F
F
We
are
one
of
the
most
10
most
effective
cities
in
the
country
by
because
of
the
growth
that
we're
experiencing,
and
so
by
growing
responsibly
and
with
sustainability
in
mind,
we
can
create
the
upward
mobility
for
our
citizens,
who
haven't
had
that
prior
and
really
create,
in
the
long
term
over
time,
a
recession-proof
economy,
because
we're
educating
our
community
we're
creating
jobs
and
more
taxable
revenue.
So
that
being
said,
I
say
thank
you
and
I'm
grateful
to
be
here.
Thank.
P
Rosa
de
Leon,
with
Californians
for
justice,
a
Californians
for
justice.
We
organize
youth
for
racial
justice
in
public
schools,
which
this
topic
comes
to
be
like
super
super
important
and
it
is.
It
is
crucial
that
we
only
not
think
about
equity,
but
we
act
with
equity
when
we
take
decisions.
It
is
very,
very
sad
that
for
generations
right
for
our
schools,
the
zip
code
of
our
students
determine
their
success,
and
that
is
you
know,
they're
right,
especially
for
black
and
brown
youth
in
our
schools,
who
tend
to
be
the
most
suspended.
P
Who
tend
to
be
the
more
that
the
highest
level
of
dropouts
who
tend
to
graduate
high
school
in
a
way
lower
level
than
anybody
else,
and
we
need
our
city.
We
need
our
school
districts
to
take
care
of
that
we
have
students
that
are
coming
into
schools
with
so
many
things
carrying
on
the
conditions
of
their
communities,
the
lack
of
housing
right
immigration
rates
in
their
communities,
showing
up
to
school,
trying
to
learn
without
having
to
do
that,
and
that
is
mainly
our
black
and
brown.
P
Youth
right
I
do
want
to
share
that
something
that
we
that
we've
seen
one
of
our
biggest
victories
in
CFJ,
when
many
allies
was
reforming,
how
schools
distribute
their
funds
by
the
local
control
funding
formula
and
this.
What
this
does
is
give
more
money
to
the
schools
that
needed
the
most.
That
happened
to
teach
black
and
brown
folks
and
low-income
youth
in
our
community,
and
we
need
to
act
with
money,
but
also,
how
are
we
bringing
people
who
are
directly
affected
into
this
conversations?
P
We
need
to
hear
from
them
to
be
able
to
to
formulate
solutions,
and
that
is
something
that
we
need
to
do
as
a
CDM.
We
have
not
done
well
in
a
long
time.
We
need
to
make
sure
that
we
hear
from
the
communities
that
are
direct
directly
impacted,
not
only
folks
that
are
investing
into
our
community,
because
our
our
youth,
our
renters
right,
contribute
in
a
much
powerful
way.
P
So
we
need
to
make
sure
that
we
do
that
bring
those
folks
into
that
into
this
conversations,
and
while
we
study
what
equity
means
think
of
what
this
could
look
like
in
the
future
right
really
thinking
about,
how
can
we
act
with
equity,
because
at
the
end
of
the
day,
we
want
to
see
results,
especially
for
our
black
and
brown
community.
Thank.
H
Thank
you
so
much.
My
name
is
Jaime
morado.
Most
of
you
probably
know
I'm
a
lifelong
resident
of
E
San,
Jose
I'm.
Also
a
member
of
aruba,
the
all-american
britain
village
advocates,
and
I
get
more
to
that
in
a
minute.
I
do
want
to
say
thank
you
to
whoever
was
there
was
responsible
responsible
for
setting
this
study
session
today,
and
I
certainly
want
to
thank
all
of
you
for
coming
from
out
of
town
to
share
in
this
discussion.
This
is
the
best
council
meeting
I've
ever
been
to.
H
So
we've
talked
a
lot
about
the
different
levels
of
racism
and
I
want
to
really
point
out
the
fact.
Howard
structural
race
and
racism
is
still
strong
here
in
San
Jose
today,
right
and
so
the
example
want
to
speak
to
is
the
what
was
adopted
by
the
city
as
the
Allan
rock
urban
village
Area
Plan
whatever,
and
that
was
a
plan
that
really
is
an
investment
not
in
our
community.
On
the
east
side,
it's
an
investment
for
a
whole
new
community.
H
That's
going
to
move
into
that
area
and,
in
the
end,
displace
countless
residents,
countless
businesses
and
it's
gonna
change
the
historical
character
of
our
of
our
area.
Right
and
so.
Well,
we
come
here,
I,
think
someone
said
it
earlier
or
Liz
said
it
early.
We
come
here
and
so
often
we're
not
listening
to,
and
we
tell
you
that
the
plan,
the
a
Lamar
Crabb
revenge
plan,
as
it
as
it
is
set
right
now,
will
result
in
the
displacement
of
the
historical
neighborhood
of
East,
San
Jose
and
that's
coming
and
it's
coming
fast.
H
The
other
thing
about
that
is
the
Al
marker
bridge
village
plan
was
was
approved
by
the
council,
only
with
token
community
input,
and
so
we're
working
to
see
that
change.
The
only
way
forward
is
with
an
equity
approach.
The
equity
approaches
that
these
folks
are
talking
about,
and
that's
the
approach
that
really
invests
in
that
historical,
working-class,
immigrant
families
and
businesses
that
are
already
in
the
neighborhood
and
frankly,
are
already
being
displaced.
Thank
you.
Thank.
A
Q
So
that
is
in
the
forefront
of
my
mind
and
it's
something
that
I
think
we
should
always
remember
and
pay
homage
to
and
recognize
I
think.
What's
interesting
about
the
conversation
around
equity
is
it's
difficult
because
we
as
individuals
have
every
intention
to
be
equitable
right
to
live,
treating
people
fairly.
But
these
questions
are
less
about
shared
understanding
and
our
individual
intention.
Then
around
systemic
change,
the
structural
policies
and
practices
and
systems
that
have
marginalized
people
and
given
others
an
unfair
advantage,
and
so
that's
why
it's
an
important
conversation.
It's
something
that
spurs
grappling.
Q
My
organization
is
grappling
with
as
well.
How
can
we,
given
that
planning,
affects
every
individual?
How
can
we
involve
and
and
listen
in
a
really
meaningful
way
to
each
individual
in
our
community
and
ensure
that
we're
shaping
the
future
of
our
city
so
that
each
of
them
can
be
here?
Can
thrive
can
participate?
So
it's
something
that
I'm
committed
to
engaging
with
you
all
and
it's
something
that
we're
each
gonna
have
to
grapple
with
four
years
as
we're
talking
about
shaping
our
community
and
this
isn't
about
having
political
camps.
Q
F
Good
afternoon,
I
just
wanted
to
speak
very
briefly.
I
know
that
time
is
of
the
essence
right
now
to
think.
In
particular,
all
of
the
city
staff
who've
been
involved
in
bringing
this
process
forward.
Everyone
who's
been
a
part
of
guerre,
didn't
have
to
I,
don't
think
who's
stepped
up
to
do
it
and
I've
had
several
conversations
that
have
been
incredibly
impactful.
F
For
me
as
I
do
my
work
I'm
also,
obviously,
a
white
woman
who
made
this
pivot
toward
a
deep
commitment
to
eradicating
racial
injustice
through
my
work
at
a
community
organization
locally
I'm,
also
in
deep
conversation
with
a
number
of
other
community
leaders.
Colleagues
who
I
considered
to
be
close,
close
friends,
one
of
whom
is
chris
wilder
the
VNC
foundation.
With
his
permission,
I
want
to
quote
him.
He
says
you
know
once
you've
seen
this.
You
cannot
unsee
it.
F
So
we've
all
seen
this
together
tonight
today
we
can't
unsee
it
so
I
just
want
to
ask
all
of
you,
especially
those
of
you
up
on
the
dais.
If
you
would
be
willing
to
commit
a
public
declaration
which
was
step
one
in
the
frame
that
we,
the
framework
that
we
look
to
today,
to
committing
to
do
this
work
or
this
study
session
is
really
for
not
I
love
the
reference
to
the
slow
cooking
beans.
F
A
Thank
You
Casey,
thank
you
and
thanks
to
all
the
members
of
the
community
came
out
to
speak.
Obviously
this
is
the
beginning
of
a
conversation.
I
know
many
have
been
involved
in
a
conversation
for
some
time
but
beginning
of
us
making
this
I
think
in
a
very
formal
public
way,
and
we've
got
much
more
conversation
to
have.
It's
I
want
to
do
a
check
in
here
with
my
colleagues
and
everyone.
It's
now
a
little
past
4:30.
We
is
the
time
we
had
for
the
hearing
I'm
happy
to
extend
this,
so
we
can
have
some
conversation.
A
L
A
Are
getting
polled
I
know
two
different
parts
of
the
community,
all
right,
so
five
o'clock?
Okay,
let's
go
that
very
big.
Thank
you
again,
certainly
to
all
the
members
of
community
been
involved
in
in
various
ways
in
this
conversation
and
for
coming
out
today,
as
well
as
Leon
and
Julie
and
Steven,
and
to
our
C
staff
when
working
very
hard
on
this,
some
of
my
CL
angel,
Rios
and
Lee,
Wilcox
and
and
Dave
Sykes,
who
I
know,
is
also
very
committed
to
this
as
well.
I
do
want
to
correct
oneness
a
pers
intention.
A
I
think
we
are
all
quite
willing
to
engage
in
this
and
we're
all
quite
willing
to
make
a
public
declaration
I
don't
want
to
speak
for
anybody,
but
that's
certainly
what
I've
heard
and
so
I
don't
want
anyone
walking
away
believing
that
there's
opposition
to
engaging
I
know
we're
gonna,
have
another
study
session
and
I
know
that
there
is
a
lot
of
conversation
still
to
have
and
a
lot
of
work,
most
importantly
to
be
done,
but
I
think
it's
important
that
we
at
least
frame
it
in
that
way.
I
know
Julie.
A
M
Also
would
like
to
thank
the
hard
work
from
the
folks
in
the
city
manager's
office.
I
know
that
we
chose
in
our
budget
process
not
to
sort
of
allocate
extra
resources
to
this
work,
and
so
you
are
all
doing
tremendous
work
and
have
joyfully
actually
taken
this
on,
and
it's
much
appreciated
and
I'd
like
to
thank
dr.
P
D
and
thank
you
for
coming
out
today
and
our
presenters
from
the
National
League
of
Cities
and
race
forward,
dr.
P
D.
Thank
you
for
condensing
200
years
of
San
Jose,
specific
history
and
20
minutes.
I.
M
M
So,
for
me,
equity
doesn't
just
mean
a
sidewalk.
It
means
that
we
have
a
full
infrastructure
system,
and
so
I
just
wanted
to
point
that
out
that
we're
not
even
and
that
we
as
a
city
made
that
choice
a
long
time
ago
to
take
CDBG
funds
and
just
pour
them
into
very
unsexy
things
like
light
sidewalks
and
street
lights,
because
we
don't-
and
we
still
today,
don't
have.
M
The
last
unpaved
Road
in
the
city
was
in
district
7
and
so
I
appreciate
that
today
is
a
first
step
and
I
look
forward
to
scheduling
the
date
for
the
second
study
session,
so
that
we
can
get
a
little
bit
deeper
into
the.
How?
Because
every
choice
that
we
make
here
every
Tuesday
is
related
to
equity.
Thank
you.
S
He
may
still
have
more
under
his
belt
and
I
do
from
the
decades
of
being
here
and
so
I
really
do
appreciate
the
partnership
and
the
support
to
get
us
to
where
we're
at
today.
I
do
look
forward
as
well
to
a
continued
conversation.
I
wanted
to
ask
the
city
manager,
because
I
know
that
we've
alluded
to
it
a
little
bit
in
regards
to
the
next
steps,
because
we
are
pushing
a
time
limit,
as
we've
stated
today,
till
5:00,
but
city
manager.
S
B
Thank
you,
council
members,
so
I
think
we're
targeting
the
next
study
session
to
really
focus
on
under
how
and
as
some
of
us
have
talked
about
so
I
won't
go
over
that
part
of
it
again.
I
think
specifically
we're
looking
at
early
February
I
think
the
date
we've
targeted
right
now
is
February
10
13,
everybody
13th
so
and
as
our
process
is,
we
would
come
forward
with
a
proposed
agenda
for
that
through
the
rules
process.
B
J
That
was
the
hook
that
was,
will
will
actually
discuss
that
you
know
Julian
and
Leon
have
been.
You
know,
key
resources
that
we've
been
using
because
we're
really
our
intent
is
really
to
make
sure
that
we
take
this
and
not
just
talk
about
it,
but
really
transfer
this
into.
How
do
we
address
this
issue
in
a
way
that
makes
for
good
public
administration
and
for
ultimately
bettering
our
neighborhoods
and
in
our
inner
city?
So
I
would
imagine
that
we'll
continue
our
work
with
them.
S
On
that,
thank
you.
You
know
I
asked
specifically
because
we
are
looking
at
around
now
16
minutes
remaining
and
their
institutional
experience
and
knowledge
for
me
could
be
really
key.
So
I
did
have
you
know
some
engagement
that
I
wanted
to
do
so.
I'll
try
to
narrow
down
in
focus
a
couple
questions
I,
think
that
you
know
I
could
probably
talk
for
quite
some
time
myself
as
well
on
some
of
the
challenges
that
we
still
face
today
here,
not
just
the
with
the
institutional
inequities
and
racism
policies
from
the
past,
but
policies
that
exist
today.
S
D
The
community
like
it
was
just
so
moving
to
hear
the
testimony
and
the
passion
that
people
brought
in
passion
and
expertise
and
I
would,
secondly
say
that,
from
a
staff
perspective,
you've
got
some
amazing
staff.
People
who
have
just
been
really
doing
intense,
meaningful
work
over
the
past
couple
of
years
and
so
I
think
more
than
listening
to
us.
It
would
be
great
for
you
to
listen
to
them,
make
the
sort
of
high-level
strategy
it's
great,
for
you
to
do
some
sort
of
resolution
or
legislation
to
affirm
the
importance
of
working
on
racial
equity.
D
So
I
know
that
was
mentioned
would
be
supportive
of
that.
But
you
need
to
get
more
granular
that
every
single
department
in
the
city
of
San
Jose
has
the
ability
to
influence
racial
equity
or
inequity,
and
so
thinking
about
like
your
routine
decision-making
processes,
are
you
having
discussion
and
doing
analysis
around
what
the
impacts
are,
and
so,
ultimately,
in
addition
to
doing
a
statement,
I
would
really
encourage
you
to
think
about
across
departments.
D
E
Julie
said,
and
in
addition
to
that,
I
think
the
while
I
think
the
exchange
that
we
have
here
in
the
diocese
dialogue
also
want
to
make
sure
we're
creating
space
for
you
to
be
able
to
ask
questions
that
where
we
could
be
helpful
in
kind
of
helping
you
strategize
and
think
about
the
role
of
council
and
I.
Think
I
really
want
to
emphasize
that
the
success
of
this
work
is
not
only
the
infrastructure
you're
building
internally,
but
the
commitment
that
you're
making
to
the
community
and
what
does
that
connection?
E
S
You
a
follow-up
question.
You
described
the
city
of
Louisville
as
hiring.
Are
there
their
mayor
hiring
a
chief
equity
officer?
This
was
through
some
of
the
work
that
you
had
done
with
them.
The
mayor
of
Austin
forming
an
office
of
equity
I
had
listed
off
for
this
this
council,
my
colleagues,
a
number
of
examples,
as
we
were
discussing
this
initially
through
our
budget
discussions
earlier
this
year.
D
Would
say
the
actually
timing
is,
is
good
that
sometimes
it's
a
question
that
we
get
asked
frequently
like.
What's
the
ideal
size
of
an
office
or
a
number
of
staff,
and
the
truth
is
that
there's
not
sort
of
perfect
answers,
what
we
do
find
challenging
sometimes
is
if
a
sort
of
city
or
county
is
just
getting
started
in
psycho,
we're
gonna
add
an
office,
but
they
haven't
like
actually
built
the
infrastructure
across
it.
D
So
it's
just
like,
then
you
pop
down
an
equity
officer
or
an
office,
and
they
aren't
really
connected
to
the
rest
of
what's
happening
in
the
city
and
so
I
just
say
think
that,
to
the
extent
that
you
all
have
done
some
of
that
capacity
building
and
you've
got
some
really
short
people
who
are
already
working
on
it.
I
think
the
dedication
of
resources
is
actually
really
important
and
really
critical.
Yeah
yeah.
E
So
the
the
it's
not
about
checking
the
box
to
say
you
have
an
office
of
equity
or
checking
the
box
to
say
you've
created
a
chief
equity
officer.
It
is
about
what
the
what
the
investments
are
making
with
that
infrastructure
and
as
you're
going
down
the
road
one
of
the
resources
that
could
be
useful
and
just
a
shout-out
to
gear
and
policy
link.
E
They
have
organized
so
they're,
roughly
about
35
cities
that
have
chief
equity
officer
structures
out
there
and
then
there's
a
cohort
that
gear
and
policyLink
launched
in
San
Antonio,
two
LLC's
conference
at
City
summit
that
brought
together
12
of
those
chief
equity
officers
from
around
the
country,
and
we
had
a
chance
to
bring
those
chief
equity
officers
with
our
real
counsel
and
I'll,
see
it's
real
Council
and
there's
a
great
network
of
learning
there.
So
as
you're
trying
to
figure
out
what
model
you're
looking
for
want
to
make
sure
you're
getting
plugged
in
to
that.
S
S
Like
to
speak,
thank
you
for
letting
me
know.
I
was
actually
gonna
ask
to
see
how
many
people
were
still
waiting,
so
I
I
think
this
question
is
now
more
for
our
city
manager,
because
this
kind
of
boils
down
to
some
of
the
contention
that
we
had
earlier
this
year,
which
is
dedicating
some
resources
to
actually
beginning
this
work.
S
What
we
have
done
to
date
is
task,
a
a
few
staff
members
who
have
been
tapped
a
couple
other
staff
members
to
initiate
and
lead
on
the
work
that
we've
done
to
date
like
putting
together
the
the
study
session.
I
want
to
say
thank
you
to
David,
but
your
team,
Lee
and
angel
for
helping
in
making
it
in
Soma.
Excuse
me
for
helping
to
create
and
make
this
happen
so
to
your
this
dissimilar
question
here.
What
more
level
of
investment
do
we
need?
We
didn't
make
that
investment
through
the
budget
to
actually
do
it.
S
We
just
tasked
staff
to
do
it,
which,
as
we
know,
there's
a
number
of
important
things
that
we've
also
tasked
aft
to
do.
Is
that
something
that
you're
gonna,
be
you
know
requesting,
through
this
next
budget
cycle,
to
actually
put
some
investment
into,
which
may
not
initially
be,
as
we've
just
heard,
that
the
next
step
may
not
be
creating
a
deputy
or
creating
an
office,
but
it
will
absolutely
need
capacity
building
and
we're
gonna
need
somebody
to
do
that.
Where
we
need.
B
It
has
been
appropriate
for
us
to
be
honest,
I
think
now
we're
engaged
in
a
significant
policy
discussion
and
to
be
honest,
wait
where
that
leads
us
I,
don't
know,
and
what
type
of
resources
we
need
to
achieve
those
objectives.
I,
don't
know
you
know,
I,
think
the
root
of
your
question
is
around
the
capacity
building.
I
think
that's
something
that
we
can
talk
about
through
this
budget
process.
I
do
think
that
what
we've
been
through
so
far
over
the
past
two
years
has
been
appropriate
and
it's
it's
it's
been
challenging
for
us.
B
To
be
honest,
we
started
two
cohorts
one
two
years
ago,
one
just
this
last
year.
I
will
tell
you
it's
not
all
easy-peasy
I
will
tell
you
that
there's
a
lot
of
dynamics
involved
with
it
and
and
we've
been
working
through
that
and
I
will
tell
you.
It
is
actually
the
gare
teams
that
have
told
me
don't
go
so
fast
and
so
I've
been
very
respectful
of
that.
I
trust
them
a
lot
about
what
they're
telling
me,
because
this
this
work
takes
time,
but
that's
the
the
capacity-building
within
the
organization,
the
policy
work.
S
A
On
that
policy,
Fran
I
just
add,
I
believe
from
conversations
we'll
leave
it
part
of
what
we'll
be
talking
about
in
the
next
eight
session
will
be
around
the
equity
screen
that
would
be
implemented
with
the
budget
and
in
different
areas
and
talking
about
how
that
can
be
meaningful,
at
least
to
address
resource
allocation
issues.
Obviously
that's
by
far
not
the
whole
to
work,
but
that
will
be
coming.
T
Thank
you
so,
of
course,
already
stated,
and
because
we
only
have
a
couple
of
minutes
I'm
going
to
also
thank
the
public,
because
I
know
it's
it's
a
time
out
of
your
day,
and
so
you
stayed
here
with
us
and
thank
you
for
sharing
all
your
thoughts.
One
of
the
concerns
that
I
have
and
I'm
glad
that
we
looked
at
the
past
grounds
us
and
helps
guide
us
in
terms
of
where
we're
gonna
go
in
the
future.
So
that's
really
important.
T
I
feel
like
we
are
going
too
fast
on
that
note,
Dave
I
know
that
you
said
you're
being
told
that
you
know
not
to
go
too
fast.
I,
don't
know
that
we
have
a
shared
understanding
in
terms
of
what
equity
really
is
I.
Don't
know
that
we've
had
that
discussion
amongst
each
other
and
I
think
the
last
time
we
talked
about
equity.
There
was
visceral
reactions
and
it
was
I'm
gonna
put
in
a
you
know
on
the
table.
T
It
seemed
like
those
of
us
who
asked
for
it
were
maybe
being
the
culprits
of
something
that
we
shouldn't
ask
for
and,
and
possibly
I
know,
that
I've
been
I've
been
called
divisive
because
of
some
of
the
work
that
we've
brought
up.
I,
don't
know
that
anybody
who
didn't
request
it
is
a
culprit
of
racism.
T
Don't
know
that
we've
brought
in
our
community
into
this
conversation,
because
one
thing
is
for
us
to
have
a
collective
definition
of
what
this
means
and
another
thing
is
to
bring
in
our
community
in
I.
Don't
know
that
we
should
talk
about
the
how
just
yet
I
think
we
should
still
talk
about
the
what
and
just
put
it
all
on
the
table.
I
think
it's
when
you're
ill,
you
don't
just
you
know,
get
the
results
from
the
doctor
and
you
say:
well,
you
know
hopefully,
it'll
get
better.
It's
the
same
thing.
T
We
know
that
those
systems
have
been
failures
in
the
past.
You've
talked
about
it
Stephen.
So
we
know
that
there's
my
failures
in
the
system.
We
can't
just
continue
on
and
ask
about
the
how
until
we
really
dig
in
a
little
deeper.
So
that's
my
concern
and
I
asked
for
my
colleagues
to
think
about
and
and
Dave
for
you
to
help
guide
us
in
how
do
we
engage
our
whole
community
into
having
this
kind
of
conversation?
Collectively,
it's
gonna
be
difficult.
T
It's
gonna
be
awkward,
but
that's
okay,
because
that's
progress
will
be
a
much
better
City
because
of
it
and
I
think
our
residents
will
be
heard.
I
am
concerned
that
we
don't.
We
won't
have
an
outside
consultant
coming
in,
because
our
staff
can
be
prone
to
some
pressures.
There's
a
hierarchy
here
and
I
I
want
to
make
sure
that
they're
not
prone
to
any
pressures
I
want
to
make
sure
that
we
bring
an
outside
consultant
so
that
they
can
guide
us
in
a
very
neutral
way.
T
I,
don't
doubt
that
there's
a
lot
of
wealth
of
information
and
a
lot
of
skill
sets
among
our
staff,
but
there's
a
you
know:
there's
hierarchy
here
and
I
want
to
recognize
and
I
want
to
acknowledge
it.
I
don't
want
it
to
be
part
of
a
problem
in
the
future.
So
those
are
my
comments
and
lastly,
I
want
to
just
agree
with
you.
Council
member
Esparza
programs
are
not
the
solution
to
all
of
this.
T
I
think
it
takes
a
real,
a
lot
of
work
to
take
a
look
at
our
systems
and
how
our
systems
are
failing,
or
our
community
and
our
youth
and
our
people
of
color,
and
that
takes
a
lot
of
work,
and
so
it's
not
because
one
we're
saying
our
youth
are
the
problem.
So
if
we
just
help
men,
then
everything
will
be
better,
but
I
think
it's
about
looking
at
the
systems
that
we
happen
to
have
some.
T
Some
of
the
product
being
some
of
the
program's,
help
assist
some
of
that
and
resolve
it,
and
that's
great
but
I
think
if
we
don't
do
a
systems
evaluation,
then
we
won't
get
very
far
and
we'll
just
be
spinning
our
wheels.
So
I
look
forward
to
the
next
steps.
I
hope
that
we
can
go
slow
and
include
our
community
because
I
think
for
me,
that's
the
most
important
part
I.
A
Know
this
issues
come
up
a
few
times
and
I
just
want
to
acknowledge
that
I
think
everyone
is
right
here
that
we've
got
structural
racism
in
the
city.
We
have
institutional
racism
in
the
city,
there's
systemic
work
we
have
to
do,
but
I
think
we
also
have
to
look
at
allocation
of
resources,
because
I
can
tell
you
the
very
first
thing,
I
hear
when
I'm
in
a
community
and
I'm
talking
to
a
mom
who's
got
two
kids
is.
A
Why
is
it
we
don't
have
after-school
programs
in
my
community
center
like
they
have
and
Willow
Glen,
just
to
throw
out
an
example,
or
why
is
it
we
don't
have
police
patrols
and
I
can
tell
you.
That
is
what
our
community
does
care
about.
In
addition
to
other
things,
in
addition
to
the
systemic
work
and
I
think
the
systemic
work
is
going
to
take
a
lot
of
time.
As
it's
been
suggested.
A
It
is
hard
work,
it's
important
work,
but
I
think
we
have
to
be
able
to
do
both
and
that's
why
I
think
we
should
not
hold
back
from
doing
what
councils
authorized,
which
is
to
use
an
equity
screen
to
actually
look
at
our
budgetary
allocations.
So
we
can
be
as
transparent
as
possible
and
as
thoughtful
as
possible
about
allocating
those
resources.
A
T
T
I
don't
hear
what
you
have
to
say
and
they
don't
and
that
I
didn't
hear
the
report
that
was
presented
to
us
today.
I.
Thank
you
for
your
report.
I
appreciate
Sheila
Ballard
for
suggesting
the
reading
material.
I
also
appreciate
that
this
is
that
the
comment
was
made
that
we,
when
we
talk
about
equity,.
T
O
O
O
O
My
my
study
was
in
Chicano
Studies
at
UC,
Santa
Barbara
I
went
in
as
a
psychology
major
and
then
quickly
realized
that
I
was
very
disconnected
from
my
studies,
one
once
I
started
taking
sociology
in
Chicano
Studies
and
then
realized
that
my
passion
was
in
Chicano
Studies,
because
I
have
them
denied
my
history
for
such
a
long
time
and
then
I
met
a
gentleman
there
and
we
started
rallying
against
immigration,
advocacy
and
rights,
and
he
later
became
senator
Kevin
de
Lyonne
and
we
cut
our
teeth
in
in
immigration.
Issues.
O
O
And
now
my
community,
who
comes
to
me
with
these
stories,
are
I,
feel
them
and
I
lived
them,
and
just
yesterday
gentleman
came
knocking
on
my
door,
and
so
they
are
my
neighbors.
I
live
with
them
and
I
experienced
it,
and
one
of
the
criteria
for
my
team
members
to
be
part
of
my
team
is
that
they
have
to
love
the
east
side
as
much
as
I
love
the
east
side.
O
O
O
O
Well,
my
neighbor's
kids
and
everyone
else
that
is
really
depending
on
me
to
make
a
difference.
It's
it's
really
significant,
because
if
Eastside
gets
left
behind
those
on
the
west
side
on
the
south
side
in
Rose
Garden
in
Almaden
Valley,
don't
really
understand
the
impact
that
that's
gonna
have
on
them.
So
with
that
I
want
to.
Thank
you
all
again.
M
The
city
manager
talked
about
speed
and
and
being
asked
to
go
slow.
My
neighborhoods
can't
wait
and
so
I
think
there
are
some
neighborhoods
in
the
city
that
can't
afford
to
go.
Slow
and
I
also
wanted
to
address
the
resources
to
do
this
work
moving
forward
where
the
lien
is
staff,
big
city
in
the
country.
It's
a
statistic
we
often
use
in
describing
the
capacity
of
what
we
can
and
cannot
do.
M
This
work
should
be
properly
resourced
and
we
can
hopefully
find
that
there
are
nonprofits
and
organization
foundations
who
are
funding
this
work.
If
we
can't
find
the
way
to
scrape
up
some
money
to
put
within
our
own
budget,
we
need
to
find
it
I.
Don't
I
wanted
to
echo
councilmember
Adonis's
comments.
M
You
have
only
people
of
color
in
your
office
only
working
on
this
right
now,
so
I
also
want
to
be
mindful
of
the
fact
that
we
of
what
we
are
asking
our
own
staff
to
do
and
who
participates
in
those
discussions
and
who's
leading
that
and
who
we're
putting
the
onus
of
that
on
and
I
also
agree
with
councilmember
I
Dennis's
comments.
Earlier
I
wasn't
going
to
say
this,
but
you
said
it
so
I'm
just
gonna
say
which
is
you
know?
You
asked
us
in
your
presentation
earlier
today
for
our
comments
and
some
questions.
M
Q
F
M
We
do
need
a
partner
in
this
work,
because
there
is
a
hierarchy
involved
right
and
I
think
we
need
an
outside
partner
to
step
in
and
create
one
the
space
with
expertise
and
resources
and,
frankly,
a
space
that
we
can
be
confident
in
to
move
and
speak
and
say
our
piece
and
so
I.
Just
I
I'm
just
concerned
that
we're
having
a
couple
of
meetings
and
I
know
I
know
that
some
some
folks
are
doing
a
lot
of
really
hard
work.