►
Description
City of San José, California
Smart Cities & Service Improvements Committee of May 5, 2022
Pre-meeting citizen input on Agenda via eComment at https://sanjose.granicusideas.com/meetings.
This public meeting will be conducted via Zoom Webinar. For information on public participation via Zoom, please refer to the linked meeting agenda below.
Agenda https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=A&ID=952865&GUID=421953A8-B5E5-466E-A12C-5C8D4176BBD3
A
A
A
B
Smart
cities
and
service
improvements
committee
meeting
for
the
month
of
may
we'll
welcome
our
committee
members,
city
staff
and
members
of
the
public
and
rob
I
I
don't
believe
we
had
any
changes
to
the
just
point
out.
My
agenda
here:
orders
of
the
day
correct
and
I
don't
see
anything
on
the
consent
calendar.
So
sorry,
why
don't
we
back
up
and
take
the
roll
call.
B
B
C
The
code
of
conduct
before
we
begin
reminding
the
committee
members
and
the
members
of
the
public
to
follow
the
code
of
conduct
at
meetings.
This
includes
commenting
on
the
specific
agenda
item
only
and
addressing
the
full
body.
Public
speakers
will
not
engage
in
a
conversation
with
the
chair
council,
members
or
staff.
All
members
of
the
committee
staff
and
the
public
are
expected
to
refrain
from
abusive
language.
C
Okay
and
then
you
already
called
the
roll
call.
So,
with
your
permission,
chair
I'll
go
into
the
introduction
and
we'll
start
with
the
first
item.
That
would
be
great
thanks,
rob
absolutely
so
good
afternoon,
chairperson
mayhem,
mayor
licardo
vice
mayor
jones
and
committee
members,
as
well
as
members
of
the
public.
I'm
rob
lloyd,
deputy
city
manager
for
the
city
of
san
jose.
For
our
may
meeting
city
staffs
will
present
three
items
first
under
agenda
item.
D1
is
our
bi-monthly
status
report
on
city
projects
and
mitigations,
wherein
projects
are
identified
at
risk.
C
Khaled
tafik
of
the
city's
chief
information
officer
and
michael
foster,
our
division
manager
for
the
city's
portfolio
products
projects
office,
will
present
on
that
item.
Second,
under
agenda
item
d2,
we
have
a
coordinated
presentation
on
the
city's
city
of
san
jose's,
safe
city
efforts.
This
is
connected
with
the
2016
smart
city
vision
adopted
by
city
council,
public
safety
needs
or
as
public
safety
needs
are
increasingly
multi-departmental
and
multi-community
in
nature.
C
City
departments
have
dedicated
to
joint
initiatives,
jay
mcamis,
deputy
director
of
emergency
and
management,
judy
tarico
deputy
director
for
the
police
department,
athena
treed
treaty,
deputy
director
for
the
fire
department
and
khaled
tophik.
Our
chief
information
officer
will
present
on
that
item
and
then
last
we'll
have
d3,
which
is
a
status
update
on
the
city's
innovative
small
cell
and
5g
programs.
C
This
work
connects
at
2
and
provides
significant
support
for
the
city
roadmaps.
Digital
inclusion
initiative,
including
infrastructure,
build
out
in
the
community
funding
for
the
digital
inclusion
fund
and
a
public-private
partnership
set
that
has
fueled
smart
city
projects
across
city
departments.
Abby
schull
assistance
to
the
city
manager
will
present,
along
with
a
guest
david
witkowski
from
joint
venture
silicon
valley.
So
starting
us
off
for
the
project
status
report
are
the
city's
chief
information
officer
and
it
department's
manager
for
portfolio
products
and
projects.
B
A
All
right,
thank
you
good
afternoon.
Vice
chair
mayor
members
of
the
committee
and
members
of
the
public.
My
name
is
khaled
talfik,
I'm
the
new
chief
information
officer
and
I'm
here
to
present
my
creation,
innovation
technology
project
status,
report,
microsoft,
convention,
x5,
we'll
start
with
the
familia
camellia
city
roadmap,
featuring
the
enterprise
priorities
of
the
city
of
san
jose
linking
the
technology
and
innovation
activities
to
the
overall
city
map.
A
A
E
All
right,
thank
you,
khaled
it's
great
to
have
you
on
the
team.
Looking
forward
to
great
things
good
afternoon,
chairperson
mayor
vice
mayor
vice
chair
members
of
the
committee
and
members
of
the
public,
I
am
michael
foster,
city
portfolio
products,
project
management,
division
manager.
First,
we'll
take
a
look
at
the
projects
that
have
changed
status.
E
So
taking
a
look
here,
the
beautify,
sj
homeless,
encampments
platform
is
now
funded.
This
has
also
been
referred
to
as
the
blight
management
reporting
system.
You
might
have
heard
that
name
as
well
in
the
past,
so
requirements
definition
starts
in
july
on
that
the
east
side,
access
east
side
project
is
currently
yet
another
victim
of
the
supply
chain,
issues
that
are
delaying
many
projects
worldwide.
E
So
hopefully
we'll
have
some
new
info
on
that
soon
and
be
adjusting
the
dates
as
needed.
I
believe
you're
going
to
get
a
more
detailed
update
on
that
later.
In
this
same
meeting,
the
lease
management
project
is
currently
in
the
procurement
queue,
and
this
committee
has
already
heard
about
the
goals
that
they
have
to
imper
improve
procurement
times
the
business
tax
system.
This
one
went
to
rfp
and
after
demos
interviews
and
careful
consideration,
all
bidders
were
ultimately
rejected,
so
this
will
have
to
be
re-initiated
with
the
finance
team.
E
E
The
goal
there
was
joining
311
data
with
the
city's
gis
and
census
data,
and
this
project
now
moves
into
a
program
phase
of
utilizing
this
data
to
target
underserved
communities,
the
plan
to
add
five
new
services
to
the
sj311,
app
and
website
excuse
me
was
delayed
due
to
bugs
in
the
new
oracle
vbcs
platform,
a
low
code
and
no
code
platform,
hence
the
yellow,
but
the
good
news
is
that
once
this
platform
was
deployed
and
stable,
three
of
these
new
services
were
able
to
be
rolled
out
very
quickly.
As
you
can
see
listed
here.
E
And
finally,
on
velocity,
you
can
see
that
we've
still
got
plenty
of
work.
Project
work,
you'll
notice
that
the
capacity
line
actually
went
up
this
month
in
past
months.
It
has
been
lower
due
to
resources,
but
we've
been
able
to
hire
both
product
project
managers
and
technical
staff
doing
the
implementations.
E
E
E
So
this
month,
we're
looking
at
the
next
top
three
ranked
projects
by
the
previously
shown
criteria.
They
are
the
public
meeting
technology
and
two
projects
for
the
environmental
services,
division,
the
environmental
enforcement
data
management
system
or
edoms,
and
the
laboratory
information
management
system
or
limbs
again.
There's
no
big
surprises
found
here
and
the
projects,
though
not
without
problems,
were
found
to
be
accurately
reporting
their
status
whilst
dealing
with
known
funding
and
resource
issues.
E
E
Next
is
the
environmental
enforcement
data
management
system
or
edoms
2.0?
For
short,
this
project
takes
a
system
that
is
out
of
date,
has
been
cobbled
together
for
more
than
a
decade
and
contains
many
manual
processes
and
updates
it
with
an
entirely
new
digital
solution
for
the
environmental
enforcement
and
data
tracking.
E
E
B
Great,
thank
you
michael,
and
let
me
just
quickly
add
my
welcomes
for
khaled
god.
It's
great
to
have
you
here
in
the
city
of
san
jose
as
our
new
chief
information
officer.
I
know
we're
all
very
excited
to
work
with
you
and
we'll
we'll
come
back
to
the
committee
for
discussion
of
the
report.
Why
don't
we
see
if
there's
anyone
from
the
public
who
would
like
to
comment
not
seen
any
hands,
give
it
one
more?
F
Yeah,
thank
you
thanks
for
that
updated.
I
have
a
couple
questions.
We
had
spoken
at
the
meeting
city
council
meeting.
I
know
that
you
probably
weren't
most
of
you
and
on
staff
weren't
there,
but
there
was
a
conversation
about
the
housing
technology,
and
I
know
that
that
was.
I
think
that
was
the
first
item
on
your
on
your
highlight
today
for
upcoming
projects.
I
just
wanted.
F
E
C
See
and
as
he
does
councilmember
cohen,
I
can
help
in
that,
because
I
just
had
two
conversations
on
that
in
the
last
two
days.
So
there
was
an
initial
time
frame,
but
based
on
the
council
feedback
and
the
the
referral
from
your
office
and
some
additional
feedback
we
received
from
two
others
that
one
is
going
to
be
accelerated.
The
people
are
participating
in
that
we
have
reagan
from
housing.
We
have
andrea,
flores
shelton
from
pr
s
with
olympia
williams.
C
We
have
the
I.t
department,
there's
d.o.t
and
also
I
think,
on
that
one
there's
a
pd
interface
on
the
vehicle
blight
piece
of
it,
but
we
have
a
lot
of
departments
participating
in
that
one.
The
first
step,
though,
is,
is
coming
up
requirements
that
july
time
frame
according
to
olympia
is
no
longer
accurate,
based
on
the
urgency
that
was
communicated
at
the
council
meeting,
so
it'll.
C
E
No,
a
vendor
has
already
been
identified
exactly
there
are
third-party
software
out
there
that
does
this.
The
reason
they
need
to
upgrade
this
as
mentioned,
is
that
it's
17
years
old,
the
current
one
and
in
the
last
decade,
or
so
many
new
compliances
with
the
state
of
california,
have
happened
but
they're
not
in
the
software,
so
they
have
to
do
those
manually
right
now.
Okay,.
E
Yeah,
actually,
I
just
learned
this
week
from
from
dhruv
who's
managing
that
project
in
the
c-3po
team,
that
there
are
a
couple
of
solutions
that
other
cities
and
counties
have
done
that
we're
looking
into.
Obviously,
another
solution
would
be
to
incorporate
this
into
the
sj-311
platform,
which
people
are
already
familiar
with
as
well,
so
we're
we're
yeah.
I
guess
we're
we're
doing
that
builder
by
decision.
C
The
five
percent,
roughly,
is
when
we
say
we're
doing
something
really
unique
here
and
we
can't
get
it
from
a
cots
or
sas
option
at
anything
of
a
reasonable
price,
reasonable
price
point,
but
in
our
our
software
strategy
for
the
entire
city
of
business
solutions,
we
do
have
that
strategy
just
because
of
our
resource
picture
and
was
part
of
our
original
I.t
strategic
plan.
I'm
not
sure
if
that
helps.
F
F
It's
always
better
to
find
somebody
in
third
party
that
will
have
support
contracts
with
it,
as
opposed
to
something
that
you
know
will
will
get
out
of
date
and
need
more
internal
resources
to
maintain.
So
I
appreciate
that.
That's
the
primary
at
least
the
first
focus
at
the
beginning
until
you
find
out
that,
maybe
you
can't
find
something
that
does
exactly
what
we
need.
So
thank
you.
That's
all
for
my
questions.
D
Thank
you,
michael
thanks
for
the
presentation.
I
know
this
isn't
the
time
for
troubleshooting,
but
I
heard
this
concern
from
one
person.
I
just
tried
it
myself
and
I
got
stuck
in
myself
just
an
fyi
yeah.
I
think
for
some
of
us
and
I've
got
an
iphone
for
whatever
it's
worth.
When
we
go
into
the
3-1-1
app
and
we
try
to
choose
the
affordable
housing
option,
it
appears
it's
not
appears.
It
goes
to
the
site
right.
It
goes
to
the
city
website.
D
It
sounds
like
rather
than
a
specific
app,
and
you
can't
get
back
it's
hard
to
find
a
way
back
because
you're
you're
in
the
website
and
there's
no
way
of
climbing
back
out
of
that
hole.
I'm
sure
you
guys
have
figured
that
out,
but
I
just
wanted
to
raise
that
as
a
at
least
a
user
challenge
for
a
couple
of
us
for
whatever
it's
worth
and
then
so.
Thank
you.
I
know
that
all
these
things
are
as
we
roll
them
out.
They
always
have
to.
G
D
Side
effort
run
the
the
the
supply
chain
issues
and
getting
wi-fi
out
there.
I
know
you
indicated
you
want
to
talk
about
this
later
on.
I
know
we're
talking
about
5g
later
in
the
agenda,
but
I'm
not
sure
how
much
you'll
be
going
in
detail
so
feel
free
to
push
me
off
if
this
question
is
going
to
get
answered
later,
but
I
want
to
raise
the
general
question
about
you
know
all
the
delays
we're
having
with
the
supply
chain
issues
and
the
fact
that
the
technology
we're
using
is
probably
aging
a
bit
anyway.
D
D
E
Yeah,
that's
a
great
question,
mr
mayor.
One
of
the
things
that
we
should
be
doing
right
now,
of
course,
is
looking
into
next
generation
technologies
looking
into
5g
60,
whatever
that
is
when
it
comes
out
and
looking
into
those
as
possible
solutions.
One
of
the
things
I
would
say,
though,
that
as
we're
building
out
over
the
next,
you
know
x,
number
of
months
building
out
the
east
side.
Wi-Fi
you
know,
wi-fi
is
a
technology
that
we
use
right
now,
but
also
in
technology
and
especially
in
wireless
technology.
E
C
One
piece
of
that
is
to
reassess
the
technologies,
not
it's
a
while
ago
now,
but
when
we
started
that
project,
we
actually
said
we
were
going
to
do
three
builds
if
you
recall,
and
we're
going
to
do
wi-fi
and
one
and
try
paragraphing
another
and
try
another
technology
and
another
to
say
what
had
the
best
coverage
experience
for
the
best
price
point
and
then,
when
covet
hit,
we
said
we're
gonna
go
with
our
tried
and
true
and
expand
that
out,
you're
absolutely
right.
There
are
different
technologies
and
it's
actually
part
of
our
research
design.
C
C
The
eastside
union
high
school
district,
so
there's
a
good
amount
funded
for
it,
but
it
is
a
part
of
our
assessment,
we'll
come
to
council
with
with
that
refreshed
digital
inclusion,
broadband
strategy,
with
what
we'll
propose
to
you
on
that,
hopefully,
before
the
end
of
this
year.
Okay,
thanks
guys.
H
E
At
this
moment,
the
focus
is
on
captioning
for
the
hearing
impaired,
so
that
would
be
captioning,
obviously
in
the
language
that
we're
presenting
in
and
then
the
focus
is
to
provide
in
multiple
languages,
the
agenda
services
but
live
translations
there.
There
are
live
translations
available
as
a
technology
solution
rather
than
humans.
Doing
it.
It's
something
we
can
absolutely
look
into
is
this
is
that
what
you're,
referring
to
vice
mayor.
C
C
E
E
Our
goal
in
hiring
always
is
to
hire
people
who
are
good
generalists
and
can
work
on
multiple
different
projects,
and
so
we're
not
that
specialized
here.
We're
pretty
small
group.
I
think
rob
knows
we're
just
a
little
over
100
here
and
our
goal
is
is
to
be
able
to,
you
know,
have
have
a
staff
that
can
flex
to
different
projects.
H
E
C
Yeah,
I
think
I
can
help
answer
some
of
those
is
as
we're
drafting
the
the
city
roadmap
for
council's
decision
and
input.
A
lot
of
those
do
come
off
and
a
couple
of
them
are
actually
were
intended
to
be
finished
by
the
end
of
june,
so
the
fiscal
year
would
be
that
cut-off
point.
Firstnet
deployments,
for
example,
was
supposed
to
be
done
by
now.
Access
eastside
originally
was
supposed
to,
but
we'll
extend
that
you
will
see
a
couple
of
them
carry
but
in
different
sections
in
the
next
city
roadmap.
C
But
we
do
have
that
alignment
and
rebalancing
as
part
of
that
process,
and
then
a
couple
you'll
see
completely
come
off
copier
printer
replacement.
We
have
some
corrective
actions.
We
have
to
do
on
that
one,
but
the
other
ones
on
that
top
top
line,
and
a
few
others
kind
of
interspersed
here
that
you
identify
as
part
of
covid
response
and
recovery,
some
will
disappear.
Some
will
move
in
other
sections.
Some
will
close.
H
C
Michael,
do
you
want
me
to
take
this
one
sure
rob
so
you're
right?
This
is
the
first
one
of
the
first
two
projects.
I,
when
I
arrived
at
the
city
that
I
cancelled,
because
we
had
some
resetting
to
do
the
opportunity
cost
specific
to
your
question.
Is
the
current
system
is
extremely
old,
unsupported
and
the
the
risk
we
have
is,
if
there's
a
hardware,
software
failure
or
a
cyber
security
issue.
C
That
system
has
higher
risk
than
others,
because
there's
no
patching
reinstallation
would
be
very
difficult,
and
so
this
has
been
prioritized
michael,
had
point
on
this
one,
and-
and
we
have
some
lessons
learned
from
that-
that
procurement,
one
of
the
things
is-
the
market
really
looks
for
tax
systems
to
be
high
revenue
like
100
million
dollars,
tax
systems
plus,
and
they
can
make
you
know
a
couple
million
dollars
a
year
on
it.
Ours
is
smaller
than
that.
It's
about
30
million
dollars
worth
of
revenue.
C
We
actually
have
a
team
initiative
to
come
back
at
this
one
and
also
look
at
cooperatives
and
even
some
innovative
proposals.
We
have
some
other
companies
that
are
platform-based,
as
I
mentioned
earlier,
on
councilmember
cohen's
question:
there's
a
couple
options
that
we
have
there
where
we
can
go
a
different
route
but
to
not
reveal
too
much
because
we
have
to
re-procure
this
one.
C
The
teams
are
coming
together
to
say
all
right.
Let's
once
we
get
the
feedback
from
the
folks
who
pulled
but
didn't
bid
and
we
get
the
feedback
from
the
people
who
are
deemed
non-responsive,
then
let's
reassess
that
procurement
and
see
where
we
can
really
pin
it
down.
The
good
thing
I
can
say
is
that
it
does
have
a
good
requirement
set.
That's
that's
something.
We
developed
out
of
the
first
project
that
I
cancelled,
because
the
requirements
were
insufficient.
C
H
It
feels
like
it's
been
around
ever
since
I've
been
on
council
and
then
and
last
but
not
least,
khaled
welcome
to
the
city.
I
have
to
tell
you,
though,
that
you
only
get
one
meeting
to
say:
I'm
the
new
cio
after
today,
you're
you're,
accountable
responsible
for
everything.
That's
happened
over
the
last
25
years,
so.
B
Words
of
wisdom
from
our
vice
mayor
vice
mayor.
Would
you
like
to
move
acceptance
of
the
report
so
moved
again
great
and
before
we
vote,
I
had
two
quick
questions.
One
michael
was
at
kind
of
a
high
level.
I
noticed
that
over
the
last
two
months,
a
number
of
our
projects
have
moved
into
the
pink
and
I'm
curious
if
there
are
any
underlying
trends
or
themes,
it
sounded
like
from
your
description.
It
might
just
be
some
disconnected.
B
E
But
it's
a
challenging
hiring,
hiring
environment
and
that's
you
know
I
would
say
complaining
about
that
is
like
complaining
about
the
weather
sure
similar.
Similarly,
with
the
supply
chain
issues,
that's
again,
I
think
slowly
resolving
itself.
I
think
a
lot
of
this
has
to
do
with
the
calendar
I
would
say,
is
that
several
of
these
projects
were
short
of
funding,
that
that
funding
will
probably
appear
come
the
next
fiscal
year.
You
know,
I
hear
promises
here
and
there,
but
I
don't.
I
don't
report
on
promises.
E
B
Okay,
just
want
to
make
sure
we
were
aware
of
that
change
in
status,
since
it
seemed
to
be
a
trend,
at
least
across
projects
we'll
see
over
time,
and
then.
My
second
question
was
about
the
sj311
equity
project,
which
I'm
very
interested
in.
I
was
hoping
you
could
give
us
a
little
more
detail
about
the
next
steps.
Are
there
specific
services
we
will
focus
on
first
or
when
maybe
more
to
the
point.
E
C
There's
two
two
data
points
I
can
add
is
we're
convening
the
groups
to
take
a
look
at
what's
been
built
in
a
couple
other
cities
of
san,
diego
and
seattle,
specifically
to
see
if
we
can
do
a
partnership
and
that
meeting
is
scheduled
for
next
week.
We're
also
looking
about
what
we
can
develop
inside
sj311
to
use
the
existing
interfaces.
C
We
have
with
work
management
systems,
so
we're
not
spraying
emails
around,
but
if
we
can
develop
that
layer
that
integrates
to
answer
your
question
also
chair
is
the
the
four
services
we're
looking
on
that
one
is
encampments,
defining
them
and
saying
who's.
Responding
to
what
and
council
offices
and
departments
can
see.
That
number
two
is
how
we
can
connect
that
with
supportive
services
and
partners.
When
we
link
them
in
how
can
we
give
them
that
information?
We
can
track
their
action
on
it?
C
Follow-Up
follow-through
number
three
is:
we
also
have
a
vehicle
blight
of
sj
beautify
sj
vehicles,
because
we've
identified
that
we
treat
all
vehicle
abatements
as
abandoned
vehicles,
and
they
are
not
so.
As
you
know,
we
have
that
27
customer
satisfaction
rate.
So
we
want
to
address
that
and
then
connecting
in
with
illegal
dumping
graffiti
and
the
other
things
is.
If
we
can
all
see
that
together,
we
think
that
would
be
a
very
powerful
thing.
The
ability
then
later
on,
to
connect
it
with
the
county
and
hmis
system
if
they'll
allow.
B
B
A
B
G
The
first
state
city
strategy
is
focused
on
communication
and
interoperability.
We
will
review
the
efforts.
The
police
department,
fire
department,
office
of
emergency
management
and
partners
have
made
to
ensure
they
are
able
to
effectively
communicate
and
collaborate
in
their
daily
operations
and
ensuring
there
is
a
commonly
maintained,
communications
and
infrastructure
which
promotes
interoperability
between
other
departments
within
the
city
like
police
and
fire,
but
also
within
the
county
and
the
greater
bay
area.
Public
safety
agencies.
G
G
We
utilize
digital
platforms,
solutions
to
improve
public
safety
and
emergency
response
in
our
community.
The
third
safe
city
strategy
is
disaster,
readiness
and
resilience.
It
is
focused
on
implementing
information
and
communication
solutions
that
enhance
the
city's
response
and
recovery.
In
a
disaster
scenario,
a
number
of
the
projects
we
will
highlight
for
you
today
were
multi-department
partnerships
between
the
police,
fire
and
emergency
management,
but
also
include
projects
with
the
department
of
transportation,
public
works
and
information
technology.
G
Over
the
past
five
years,
the
safe
city
strategy
vision
has
matured
with
concerted
effort
in
planning
and
action.
It's
resulting
impactful
projects
to
ensure
public
safety
personnel
have
effective
resilient
tools
to
support
our
community
in
their
time
of
need.
A
few
of
the
impactful
projects
and
tools
include
firstnet,
which
is
the
nationwide
wireless
broadband
network.
That's
dedicated
to
first
responders,
it's
currently
in
use
by
the
police
and
fire
department
for
the
police
department.
We
anticipate
this
weekend,
cinco
de
mayo
to
be
busy
to
ensure
our
systems
will
be
able
to
handle
a
heavy
broadband
use.
G
Today
we
will
uplift
the
police
department's,
2,
000,
firstnet
devices,
cell
phones
and
modems,
to
enable
the
priority
and
preemption
on
the
dedicated
public
safety
network.
Another
project
that
we
are
working
on
is
the
central
emergency
vehicle
preemption,
which
athena
will
present
in
a
few
moments.
G
Additionally,
is
the
evidence
collection
with
axon
capture
in
august
of
2020,
the
police
department
transitioned
to
collecting
digital
evidence
in
the
field
by
using
axon
capture.
Axon
capture
is
an
app
on
the
police
officers,
our
community
service
officers
and
our
arson
investigators
city
issued
firstnet
cell
phones.
It
allows
them
to
directly
upload
pictures
and
video
evidence
to
the
department's
evidence.
Storage.
G
A
text
to
9-1-1
has
actually
been
in
place
for
over
two
years,
the
police
and
fire
department's
communication
centers
handle
approximately
1722
texts
to
911
annually,
which
roughly
averages
to
about
4.7
per
day
and
also
our
other
tool
is
nixel.
The
mass
notification
system
and
I'll
turn
it
over
to
emergency
management.
Deputy
director
j
mckennis
for
the
presentation.
I
The
city
of
san
jose
uses
this
system
to
send
alerts
and
warnings
to
the
public.
Over
the
past
year,
alert
scc
was
used
to
send
public
alerts
and
warnings
for
vaccination
events,
a
gas
leak,
a
commercial
fire
police
action
and
a
potential
flood.
While
four
of
these
events
are
common
emergencies,
vaccination
events
were
included
here
based
on
life
safety
activities
under
the
emergency
proclamation
for
covet
19.,
using
the
integrated
public
alert
and
warning
system
concept
or
ipods.
I
Multiple
tools
within
the
system
were
used,
including
alert,
scc
itself,
nixle
and
wireless
emergency
alerts.
Specific
methods
include
sms
text,
voice,
messaging
and
emails,
or
a
combination
thereof,
targeting
specific
geographic
areas.
The
tools
used
are
generally
determined
by
the
type
timing
and
scope
of
each
emergency.
The
mass
notification
system
is
an
essential
tool
used
in
keeping
the
public
safe,
and
while
there
have
been
some
concerns
voiced
around
its
use,
it
remains
one
of
the
best
tools
that
we
have
in
communicating
to
the
public
during
emergencies.
I
Additional
technology-based
tools
are
geospatial
information
systems
in
their
associated
data
dashboards.
In
short,
these
tools
enhance
emergency
management,
coordination
and
communication
in
the
emergency
operations
center,
the
various
department
operations
centers
and
in
the
field
the
office
of
emergency
management,
in
partnership
with
public
works
and
its
geospatial
information
systems.
I
Team
collaborated
on
development
of
a
variety
of
tools
to
improve
the
management
of
damage,
assessment,
data,
shelter
management,
data
and
flood
operations,
data
kudos
to
matt,
lash
and
harsh
gupta,
among
others,
on
their
team
using
150
000
in
fy
2122
grant
funds
for
data
gathering
application,
development
and
gs
infrastructure
improvements
was
a
great
investment
efforts
to
build
databases
that
support
threatened
hazard
mapping,
resource
and
infrastructure
mapping
and
vulnerable
populations.
Mapping
were
well
received.
I
The
dashboards
depicted
here
are
just
a
few
of
the
products
that
are
currently
in
use
by
various
elements
of
the
city's
emergency
organization
to
maintain
a
high
level
of
situational
awareness
while
responding
to
emergencies
and
disasters.
Having
these
tools
will
assist
staff
in
the
management
of
resources,
bolster
emergency
public
information
and
enhance
overall
coordination
and
communication.
I
Looking
ahead,
these
additional
technology-based
emergency
management
tools
will
have
a
tremendous
impact
on
the
city's
emergency
management
program
and
overall
resilience.
The
city's
new
emergency
operations
center,
including
its
upgraded
technology
and
the
acquisition
of
a
mobile
operations.
Satellite
emergency
system.
I
As
you
are
aware,
voter
approved
funding
and
measure
t
enabled
the
city
of
san
jose
to
build
a
new
technology-based
emergency
operations
center
co-located
with
the
fire
department's
new
fire
training
center.
The
new
emergency
operations
center
will
be
ideally
situated
to
facilitate
and
direct
the
city's
emergency
management
activities
as
an
essential
building.
The
new
emergency
operation
center
is
constructed
with
increased
seismic
protection,
redundant,
fiber
connections
and
backup
power.
Among
other
things.
This
will
allow
it
to
operate
when
normal
infrastructure
has
been
impacted.
I
Its
150
foot,
radio
communications
tower
will
provide
line
of
sight
to
critical
facilities
within
the
city,
enhancing
operational
communications
during
emergencies
and
disasters.
As
of
today,
construction
is
close
to
the
50
mark.
Completion
of
the
new
emergency
operations
center
is
scheduled
early
2023..
The
information
technologies
department
will
be
the
first
to
receive
the
keys
and
begin.
The
installation
of
information.
Data
and
communication
systems
should
be
noted
that
ongoing
supply
chain
challenges
may
impact
the
anticipated
move-in
date.
I
While
the
new
emergency
operations
center
will
have
tremendous
curb
appeal,
the
technology
platforms
housed
inside
will
provide
added
value
to
the
city.
I'd
like
to
take
a
minute
to
acknowledge
the
contributions
made
to
this
project
by
two
office
of
emergency
management,
employees,
chris
swardett
and
daniel
tucker.
The
schematics
you
see
here
on
the
screen
were
created
by
them
and
were
critical
to
the
design
process.
Their
individual
knowledge
and
experience
were
instrumental
in
ensuring
that
the
overall
interoperability
and
redundancy
goals
for
the
emergency
operations
center
were
met.
I
The
technology
being
installed
in
the
new
emergency
operations
center
will
provide
a
facility
that
is
ready
to
go
at
a
moment's
notice
with
over
two
dozen
interoperable
communication
systems.
Real-Time
communications
during
emergencies
and
disasters
will
be
enhanced.
The
technological
redundancy
built
into
the
emergency
operators
so
we'll
improve
its
survivability
and
improve
the
city
of
san
jose's
overall
disaster
resiliency.
I
I
The
mobile
operations
satellite
emergency
system
or
moses,
depicted
here
on
the
screen,
is
being
provided
to
the
city
of
san
jose
as
part
of
a
statewide
deployment
project.
The
city
of
san
jose
recently
received
2.185
million
dollars
from
the
california
office
of
emergency
services
for
the
purchase
of
one
moses
platform.
The
contracting
process
is
underway
and
the
acquisition
of
moses
platform
is
scheduled
for
the
end
of
2022
or
early
2023.
I
The
moses
satellite
communications
platform
can
be
easily
deployed
to
remote
locations
to
become
a
communications
hub
for
responding
resources
with
a
signal
radius
of
up
to
20
miles.
The
acquisition
of
this
platform
fills
a
gap
that
has
been
plaguing
emergency
organizations
throughout
the
state
where
communications
are
hampered
by
topography.
I
The
most
obvious
application
of
this
platform
is
for
wildland
fires,
which
is
why
the
fire
department
is
primary
partner
with
the
office
of
emergency
management.
In
this
acquisition,
training
on
the
moses
platform
will
begin
immediately
after
the
receipt
of
the
equipment.
The
addition
of
this
tool
will
greatly
enhance
the
city's
resilience
moving
forward.
I
thank
you
and
will
now
pass
the
presentation
over
to
athena
treaty.
J
Thank
you.
Athena
treaty,
deputy
director
with
the
bureau
of
admin
services
with
the
fire
department,
significant
projects
over
the
year
have
paved
the
way
for
further
techno
technological
improvements
to
the
fire
department's
operations
and
safe
city
strategies.
This
past
fiscal
year.
Some
notable
results
include
new
software
that
has
been
added
to
our
existing
systems.
To
enhance
operational
effectiveness.
J
J
Rapid
depaul
deploy
radio
plus
has
been
in
use
in
the
fire
department
since
february
2022
and
went
live
in
the
police
department
in
july
of
2020..
This
is
a
cloud-based
mapping
solution
that
is
utilized
in
the
911
communication
center
and
provides
enhanced
access
to
detailed
location
data
for
911
calls
emanating
from
supported
wireless
devices.
J
J
This
serves
as
the
main
channel
of
communication
between
911
communications
center
and
field
operations,
providing
up-to-date
location
and
status
of
an
emergency
incident
and
collects
data
from
the
field
firstnet
compact,
rapid,
deploy.
This
is
a
portable
satellite
capable
tower
that
enhances
interoperability
communication
between
first
responders
during
large-scale
emergency
incidences.
J
This
project
is
included
in
the
fire
department's
response
time
work
plan
that
is
presented
annually
to
the
public
safety,
finance
and
strategic
support
committee
in
the
fall.
We're
in
the
early
stages
of
exploring
this
project
and
meeting
with
other
fire
agencies
to
evaluate
next
steps
and
have
a
target
for
completion
of
fall
2023..
J
The
current
state
assessment
of
fireit
is
underway,
followed
by
a
future
state
vision
that
will
include
exploration
of
public
safety
trends
and
best
practices,
alternative
approaches
and
development
of
a
governance
plan.
The
outcome
will
be
a
department,
fire
department,
I.t
5-year
strategic
plan
with
a
road
map
and
recommendation
that
will
improve
public
safety
service
delivery,
business
operations,
customer
service,
cost
effectiveness,
staff,
productivity,
succession
planning,
and
I
t
project
decision
making
next
you'll
hear
from
judith
judith,
tarico
and
andy
smith,
with
the
police
department.
G
The
police
department
has
completed
several
significant
technology
projects
over
the
years,
which
has
improved
operations
and
the
public
and
the
police
department
safety,
safe
city
strategy
this
past
year.
Some
notable
results
include
new
software
and
hardware,
which
has
been
added
to
our
existing
systems
to
enhance
operational
effectiveness,
the
police
and
fire
department's
9-1-1
communication
center,
computer-aided
dispatch,
software
and
hardware
project,
including
upgrading
all
of
the
software.
G
G
It
allows
field
patrol
officers
to
communicate
through
a
secure
department
of
justice
compliant
network
to
our
computer-aided
dispatch
system
and
the
automated
field
reporting
or
records
management
system.
This
project
included
replacing
the
ruggedized
laptop
computers,
the
laptop
docking
station
trunk
mounted
routers,
gps
and
router
antennas
and
over
450
patrol
cars.
G
The
success
of
this
project
was
due
to
our
exceptional
staff
in
the
police
department's
I.t
unit
and
public
works
fleet
teams,
our
business
intelligence
tool,
a
new
analytic
platform.
I
will
go
over
shortly
and
one
component
of
the
communication
interoperability
strategy
included
replacing
the
patrol
car
modem
with
a
new
band,
14
or
firstnet,
capable
modem.
G
Prior
to
2020
crime
reports
and
or
our
response
time,
reports
were
manually,
completed
by
crime,
analysis,
unit
staff
and
or
communications
staff.
The
manual
reports
would
take
days
up
to
weeks
to
complete
as
it's
a
laborious
process
to
extract
and
clean
the
data
and
then
to
manually,
compile
it
into
reports
and
graphs.
G
G
What
is
power
bi?
So,
let's
take
a
moment
and
dive
in
microsoft.
Power
bi
is
a
software
analytics
tool
that
bridges
the
gap
between
data
and
decision
making.
It
turns
our
data
silos
into
rich
insightful
visualizations,
with
charts
and
graphs
measures
and
filters
and
dashboards
at
the
police
department.
We
have
two
power:
bi
environments,
our
first
environment
was
operational
over
a
year
and
a
half
ago,
and
it's
an
internal
workspace
as
it
contains
sensitive
information.
G
It
has
over
23
different
dashboards.
An
example
of
one
of
our
internal
dashboards
is
our
computer-aided
dispatch
response
timer
report.
It
provides
insight.
How
long
is
it
taking
for
us
to
get
to
respond
to
emergency
call
from
the
time
of
the
911
calls
to
the
first
officer
arriving
on
scene,
which
districts
are
our
busiest?
What
shifts
are
the
busiest?
G
What
types
of
calls
are
we
responding
to
the
most
additional
reports
that
are
being
leveraged
by
our
command
staff?
Include
our
bureau
of
field
operations,
quarterly
division,
crime
reports,
records
management,
property
information,
traffic
fatalities,
gang
reports,
our
second
environment
is
our
public
facing
dashboard,
and
I
will
go
into
it
in
a
moment.
G
Power
bi
simplifies
creating
the
dashboards
for
our
data,
but
some
of
the
reports
are
complicated
and,
as
you
can
see
behind
the
scenes,
one
of
our
reports
it
required
staff
to
perform
advanced
software
programming
for
the
customization
and
changes.
But
former
reports
which
took
weeks
to
complete
can
now
be
updated
within
15
minutes.
G
In
march
of
2022,
the
police
department
launched
the
consolidated
web
page
of
dashboards
using
microsoft
power
bi
to
provide
our
community
members
a
one
stop
shop
to
review
important
statistical
data.
The
interactive
dashboards
show
insightful
trends
and
allows
the
viewer
to
analyze
mere
real-time
data.
G
The
police
data,
specific
dashboards,
include
a
dynamic
police
response
time,
22
years
of
fbi,
uniform
crime
reporting
and
nine
years
of
reported
fbi
hate
crimes.
The
dashboards
were
constructed
in
a
manner
that
will
facilitate
the
ease
of
use.
We
have
included
a
page
dedicated
to
answer,
frequently
asked
questions,
terminology
methodology
and
the
intricacies
of
the
data.
G
G
G
That
is,
when
the
call
is
generated,
the
cad
system,
searches
all
of
the
officers
locations
within
the
city
and
recommend
the
closest
two
units
from
the
911
to
the
officer
arriving
on
the
scene.
Our
target
is
to
get
there
within
six
minutes.
Seventy
percent
of
the
time
the
priority
one
gauges
display
the
department's
response
time
within
the
last
24
hours,
7
days
and
30
days,
and
the
number
of
calls
we've
received
for
the
priority.
2
call,
that
is
where
there's
an
injury
or
a
suspect.
G
That's
still
in
the
area,
an
example
would
be
an
injury
accident
or
a
fight.
Historically,
these
types
of
calls
were
handled
within
a
certain
police
district
in
2018,
the
department
modified
the
policy
to
improve
the
response
time.
The
policy
widens
the
geographical
recommendation
not
only
to
the
district
but
to
the
adjoining
one
as
well.
G
G
Our
last
dashboard
is
the
hate
crime
incident
reports.
We
provide
our
community
members
the
ability
to
analyze
the
last
nine
years
of
hate
crime
incidents
reported
to
the
department.
The
department
continues
to
review
our
crime
statistics
and
develops
new
programs
to
reach
and
support
our
community
members.
G
G
G
G
G
Silicon
valley,
regional
communication,
the
critical
support
and
maintenance
of
this
infrastructure
for
public
safety,
our
radio
replacement
project
which
will
replace
the
handheld
and
portable
car
radios
and,
lastly,
the
firstnet
compact
rapid,
deploy.
I
will
turn
it
over
to
the
police
department,
interoperability,
communications
manager,
andy
smith,.
K
K
So
firstnet
by
contract
does
have
response
requirements
to
fill
in
for
att,
outages
and
or
in
rural
areas
where
there
is
no
coverage.
Next
slide,
athena,
if
you're
still
running
it.
Okay,
so
is
what
we've
also
found
is
that
now
available
to
jurisdictions?
Is
the
cam
the
compact
rapid
deployable
we
have
put
in
for.
K
One
for
the
police
department,
five
for
the
fire
department
and
they
have
a
proprietary
radio
on
it-
that
only
these
deployables
can
have
to
access
the
firstnet
network
they
can
come
in
and
they
can.
They
can
join
the
network
via
satellite,
the
hard
connection
or
even
the
natural
or
celestial
cellular
connectivity
right
now.
The
radio
from
one
of
these
devices
is
also
in
play
at
the
command
post
for
cinco
de
mayo.
So
there's
a
lot
of
new
things
on
the
horizon.
This
will.
K
B
Well,
I
don't
know
about
that,
but
thanks
andy,
I'm
also
interested
in
seeing
that
blimp
and
rob
you
were
not
joking.
That
was
a
very
full
report.
A
lot
of
great
initiatives,
love
the
love,
the
dashboards,
thank
you,
judy,
jay,
athena
and
andy
and
sorry
if
I
missed
anyone
but
appreciate
all
the
great
updates.
Let's
go
over
to
public
comment,
I'm
not
seeing
any
hands
so
we'll
come
back
up
there.
We
go
okay,
number
ending
and
as
soon
as
we
have
the
timer
up,
we
will
go
with
three
five.
L
L
L
I
hope
that
you
know
in
the
reporting
of
emergency
preparedness
that,
as
always,
that
you
know
emergency
services
communication,
there
can
be
ways
to
develop
it
not
only
with
the
new
bay
rick
program
but
in
ways
that
the
everyday
public
can
also
have
open
lines
of
emergency
communication
at
times
of
emergency
to
work
on
that
really
be
clear
on
that.
That's
an
important
goal
that
I
hope
we
can
talk
about
here.
L
More
often,
oh
another
factor
is
that
and
how
we're
going
to
be
considering
funding
for
the
future
of
emergency
planning
in
the
next
few
years?
It's
not
all
about
the
police,
there's
fire
issues,
there's
a
serious
health
and
human
services
component
to
that
that
I
think
walks
in
the
ideas
of
reimagine.
Incredibly.
Well,
that
you
know
it's
a
community
effort,
but
we
can
do
this
without
so
much
police.
That's
a
lot
of
other
factors
involved.
L
About
the
police
reporting
on
axon
dashboard
things,
thank
you
again
that,
as
a
city
we're
really
working
towards
how
body
camera
footage
itself,
I
think,
could
be
just
a
bit
more
accessible
to
actual
victims
of
crime,
we're
trying
to
figure
out
ways.
We
can
do
that
here
at
the
local
level.
It
can
present
good
examples
to
the
bay
area.
B
H
F
D
Hey
thanks
really
appreciate
all
the
hard
work,
and
you
know
I
want
to
say,
particularly
in
the
fire
department.
I've
really
seen
very
explicit
use
of
technology
and
data
tools
to
really
drive
performance
and
improve
response,
and
I
can
remember
you
know,
sitting
down
with
the
chief
way
back
when
chief
sapien
came
in.
I
think
it
was
maybe
2017
or
so
we
were
grappling
with
ems
response
time
issues
and
it
obviously
is
a
life
or
death
issue
for
those
patients
that
the
fire
department
would
be
responding
to.
D
It
also
was
relevant
to
our
ability
to
continue
to
secure
funding
through
the
county
and
the
state
and-
and
there
was
an
awful
lot
at
risk
because
we
knew
if
the
funding
went
away.
That
meant
our
our
response
would
continue
to
degrade,
and
so
I
just
saw
really
the
whole
department,
leaning
in
in
a
big
way,
in
a
very
intentional
use,
from
the
very
top
of
looking
at
this
metric
around
ems
response
time
and
really
focusing
on
how
we
could
dramatically
reduce
that
response
time
using
cad
dispatch.
D
You
know
the
dual
I'm
trying
to
remember
that
the
exact
determine
how
he
was
able
to
we're
able
to
now.
This
is
something
I
know:
we've
been
working
on
for
several
years,
but
being
able
to
switch
back
and
forth
between
18
and
verizon
and
so
forth
to
be
able
to
have
cellular
connection
connectivity
regardless,
where
we
were
in
the
city,
the
fire
station
alerting
the
gis
map
all
the
work
that
was
being
done
in
every
step
of
the
way
it
was
hey.
D
D
D
I
would
like
to
see
us
really
digging
in
with
the
use
of
data
technology
around
those
very
important
I
mean
the
metrics
I
know
are
obvious.
I
don't
need
to
tell
anybody
it's
around
how
we're
able
to
reduce
crime,
clear
crime,
clear
investigations
and
improve
responses,
and-
and
I
just
think
that
the
fire's
provided
a
great
model
in
this
area.
So,
anyway,
I
look
forward
to
digging
in
more
on
this
and
and
just
to
give
a
small
example.
D
You
know
just
from
my
conversations
with
folks
at
the
da's
office,
I
I
can
remember
a
d.a
recently
telling
me
as
a
deputy
prosecutor,
hey,
you
know
we
had
witnesses
who
really
wanted
to
provide
evidence
to
the
police
department
on
this,
and
they
didn't
know
how
and
there's
nowhere
on
the
website
where
they
can
just
go
and
provide
video
or
photos
on
this
particular
crime
and
and
the
police
department's
approach
and
mo
has
been
well.
You
know
officers
are
going
to
tell
a
particular
individual,
usually
in
the
complaining
party,
the
victim
hey.
B
G
They
are
looking
very
closely
at
the
response
times.
The
command
staff
have
the
ability
to
look
at
it
daily
and
they're
monitoring
how
we're
how
we're
getting
there
as
quickly
as
we
can
so
when
the
911
call
comes
in
there's
90
seconds
for
that
dispatcher,
the
call
taker
to
get
the
appropriate
information
and
then
there's
another
30
seconds
for
the
radio
dispatcher
to
just
dispatch
it
out
and
40.
And
another
excuse
me
four
minutes
for
an
officer
to
drive
and
get
there
within
that
six
minute
threshold.
B
And
thank
you
and
when
we
have
those
segments
are
those
broken
out
and
tracked
on
a
pro
call
basis
in
a
dashboard
that
you're
able
to
use
those
sound
like
the
right
or
those
sound
like
reasonable
benchmarks
or
targets
to
hit.
But
are
we
tracking
that
on
a
per
call
basis
and
able
to
analyze
where
the
bottlenecks
may
be.
G
B
B
I
think,
interesting
and
important
to
understand
how
we're
how
we're
using
data
to
kind
of
enable
performance
improvements,
because
I
think
we
at
least
at
least
I
haven't-
had
that
sort
of
level
of
detail
on
the
policing
side
of
things.
But
I
do
I
do
agree
with
the
mayor.
That's
kind
of
directionally,
where
I'm
sure
we
all
want
to
go.
I
had
one
other
since
I'm
already
asking
questions,
maybe
I'll
switch
it
up
and
go
over
to
jay.
B
I
B
I
Okay,
so
there's
a
couple
of
things
to
note
here
in
the
platform
for
alert,
sec
and
and
actually
the
vendor
is
everbridge,
and
it
brings
together
a
lot
of
different
tools
and
capacity
to
do
different
things.
What
you
see
in
the
upper
left
hand
corner
is
the
actual
polygon
that
was
created
to
utilize
white,
page
information
and
specific
alert,
sec
information,
that's
been
provided
by
residents
to
contact
them
and
provide
information,
and
so
that's
one
of
the
forms
that
that's
actually
our
preferred
method
to
keep
it
to
a
tight
blueprint.
I
You
know
a
footprint
so
that
we
just
message
those
individuals
who
are
most
at
risk.
In
this
case,
we
were
talking
about
a
plume
and
plumes,
of
course,
are
driven
by
wind
in
the
direction
that
they're
going.
We
get
our
directions
from
the
ancient
commander
in
the
field
who
says
this
is
where
it's
going
and
what
we
need
to
target,
and
so
the
protocol,
the
short
of
the
long
of
it
is
the
protocol,
is
to
follow
the
direction
of
what's
happening
in
the
field
and
apply
the
the
appropriate
tool
to
meet
the
need.
I
So
you
know
you've
heard
in
the
past.
We
push
all
the
time
for
people
to
sign
up
for
alert,
scc,
provide
their
information.
You
know
the
phone
number
they
want
to
be
contacted
on
the
email
address
all
of
this,
because
there
are
limitations
to
what
we
can
do
in
sms
decks,
depending
on
the
alert,
128
characters,
140
characters.
I
So
we
always
like
to
have
that
additional
ability
now
switch
that
to
the
nixel,
which
was
brought
up
if
in
the
lower
right
hand
corner.
If,
if
you
see
that
blueprint
there,
that
is
the
zip
code
that
was
southwest
of
the
of
the
impacted
area.
The
only
way
to
utilize
nixle,
which
actually
has
the
biggest
number
of
subscribers,
is
to
to
actually
send
it
to
that
zip
code.
So
what
you
get
is
everybody
that
falls.
I
And
if
you
notice
they're
not
the
same
they're,
not
you
know,
those
blueprints
are
not
the
same,
but
that's
the
limitation
of
the
system,
and
so
the
challenge
we
always
have
and
and
what
I
had
in
my
presentation-
is
trying
to
find
the
right
combination
of
tools
that
gets
the
best
impact
for
the
type
of
event
that
we're
talking
about
and
then
apply
those
tools.
It's
not
a
perfect
system
and
a
lot
of
it
has
to
do
with
the
lack
of
data
we,
you
know
we
can't
force
members
of
the
public
to
provide
their
information.
I
So
it's
has
limitations.
To
answer
your
question
about
the
notification,
I
was
on
duty
that
night
and
I
can
tell
you
that
at
the
10
o'clock
hour,
we
were
debating
whether
or
not
to
wake
people
up
to
send
them
a
notification
in
the
late
hours
of
the
evening
to
tell
them
that
the
shelter
in
place
was
lifted.
At
the
same
time,
the
fire
department
was
still
actively
engaged
with
the
fire,
and
so
we
hadn't
gotten
the
all
clear
until
the
next
morning
and
that's
when
the
lift
was
was
sent
out.
I
B
F
No,
you
didn't
get
the
line,
I
raised
my
hand
after
so
you
you're
off
the
hook.
The
other
question
I
noticed
in
the
report
a
section
about
predictive
policing
and
the
fact
that
there
was
a
project
for
predictive
policing
and
that's
been
cancelled,
sounds
like
the
vendor.
That
was
selected,
wasn't
able
to
meet
the
objectives,
and
then
there
were
some
other
priorities
that
took
his
precedent.
Can
you
talk
about
that
a
little
bit?
What
was
what
was
thought?
G
Thank
you,
council,
member
for
the
question
judy
trico
again
with
the
predictive
policing
that
was
in
our
original
2016
project.
That
would
give
officers
the
tool
to
know
within
a
two-hour
area
be
in
this
region
as
it
would
predict.
Possibly
a
crime
would
be
in
that
area.
One
of
the
shortfalls
of
the
project
and
and
from
the
vendor
was
that
there
was
no
way
on
the
back
end
to
see
if
we
were
actually
going
into
that
box.
During
that
time
frame,
there
was
no
metrics
to
see
hey.
G
We
told
you
to
go
into
this
certain
area.
Did
we
ever
go
there?
So,
unfortunately
it
was
not
a
solution.
The
chief
wanted
to
move
forward
with
it
wasn't
going
to
be
effective
for
him
to
say.
Do
I
need
to
enforce
more
people
to
be
in
this
area
during
their
downtime?
We
we
wouldn't
have
that
insight,
so,
ultimately,
over
reviewing
the
solution
itself.
F
Okay,
thank
you.
I
suppose
it's
something
we
could
look
into
again
at
some
point
in
the
future
as
to
whether
there
might
be
some
newer
technologies
or
or
algorithms
or
things
out
there
to
see
if
this
could
be
helpful
and
you're
right,
I
mean
obviously
it's
useless
if
we're
not
going
to
actually
measure
whether
it's
working
or
not,
but
I
know,
there's
some
issues
with
it.
F
F
D
So
you
know
this
is,
I
think,
a
good
conversation
starter
and-
and
you
know
hopefully
we
can
continue
this,
because
you
know
predictive
policing,
I
know,
is
just
one
tool,
software
that
other
departments
do
use.
You
know
it
would
have
been
helpful.
I
think,
to
have
that
conversation
years
ago
when
we
gave
the
direction-
and
you
know
I
I
just
feel
as
though
we
we
may
be
leaving
a
lot
of
technology
and
a
lot
of
data
on
the
table
anyway.
Thank
you.
C
Yeah
sure,
let
me
a
couple
introductory
comments.
Our
next
report
is
a
sas
update
on
the
deployment
of
5g
in
san
jose,
including
small
cell
and
macro
sites.
We're
joined
also
by
a
special
guest
david
watkowski
from
joint
venture
silicon
valley.
For
this
update,
david
will
share
insights
on
the
current
state
of
5g,
but
to
start
and
to
ride,
heard
abby
schull
the
city's
broadband
manager.
M
M
These
partnerships
bring
over
1
billion
in
private
network
investment
into
san
jose
at
zero
cost
to
taxpayers,
while
providing
the
telecom
companies
fast
and
predictable
permit
processing.
In
addition,
small
sell
lease
fees
go
into
the
city's
digital
inclusion
fund,
which
supports
closing
the
digital
divide
in
san
jose.
M
Other
benefits
have
also
stemmed
from
our
small
cell
partnerships,
including
over
4
million
and
in-kind
smart
cities.
Pilots
and
initiatives
such
as
att
sponsored
community
wi-fi
at
several
community
centers,
smart
lighting
at
several
parks
and
over
15
000
digital
inclusion,
hot
spots
deployed
during
the
pandemic
and
verizon
sponsored
intersection
safety
analytics
to
support
vision,
zero
traffic
data
services
for
smart
traffic
management
and
smart
fleet
management
services.
M
Within
the
small
cell
and
macro
cell
agreements,
we
have
goals
and
timelines
for
swift,
permitting,
starting
with
small
cell.
The
overall
goal
is
to
permit
3100
sites
by
2028
you'll
notice
that
this
goal
is
decreased
from
4
000,
and
this
is
due
to
new
frequencies
being
made
available
for
5g
that
primarily
use
macro
cells
instead
of
small
cells.
M
M
Permit
reviews
are
complete
within
12
days
on
average
and
due
to
a
slowdown
in
the
number
of
permits
requested
by
the
telecom
companies.
The
smalls
hall
team
has
adjusted
their
review
capacity
down
from
nearly
40
per
week
to
20
per
week
to
match
actual
demand
on
average
about
six
permits
are
requested
per
week
and
three
or
more
are
issued
per
week
for
macro
cell.
The
overall
goal
is
to
permit
240
sites
by
june
2022,
so
we
expect
to
extend
this
timeline
to
december
2022.
M
So
far,
148
sites
have
been
permitted,
which
is
62
percent
of
the
total
goal.
The
target
review
timeline
is
five
days
with
20
permits
issued
per
week.
Permit
reviews
are
complete
within
six
days
on
average,
currently,
which
is
just
above
our
goal
of
five
days.
The
team
has
developed
the
capacity
to
complete
20
reviews
per
week.
However,
current
demand
is
lower
than
this,
as
measured
by
the
weekly
permit.
Requests
currently
about
three
permits
are
requested
each
week
and
three
permits
are
issued
each
week.
M
N
N
I
really
want
to
say
that
you
know
it's
such
a
change
from
from
the
way
things
were
years
ago.
You
folks
have
done
a
fantastic
job
of
really
just
you
know,
turning
this
into
an
amazing
thing
and
one
of
the
best
processes
that
I
can
point
to,
and
I'm
really
encouraged
to
see
that
many
of
our
local
cities
in
the
bay
area
are
now
much
better
than
they
were
some
years
ago,
and
so
thank
you
for
making
this
happen.
N
N
You
know
the
number
of
people
who
have
made
the
transition
off
of
landline
telephones
to
to
cellular
is
significant.
You
know
in
some
demographic
groups,
it's
you
know,
3
3
out
of
4,
possibly
you
know
over
80
percent,
I
mean
people
under
the
age
of
34.
Are
86
percent
likely
to
be
wireless?
Only
they
simply
do
not
have
landline
phones,
they
never
did.
N
They
never
will,
and
I
think
a
key
point
here,
as
we
talked
about
earlier-
is
public
safety
and
the
fact
that
80
of
all
calls
nationally
to
9-1-1
come
from
wireless
phones,
so
we're
talking
specifically
about
the
impact
on
public
safety,
I
think
getting
our
networks
improved
is
is
highly
critical
next
slide,
please,
and
the
challenge
of
why
you
know
why
5g
well,
4g
is
a
has
been
a
great
technology.
It's
certainly
enabled
an
amazing
economy
that
has
developed
so
much
for
the
silicon
valley.
N
You
know
many
of
the
companies
that
we
call
unicorns
in
in
technology
are
based
on
mobile
strategy,
but
the
4g
network
was
really
designed
for
personal
devices.
It
was
designed
for
smartphones,
it
wasn't
really
designed
for
the
internet
of
things.
It
wasn't
designed
to
support
very
much
in
the
way
of
smart
cities.
N
N
Thank
you
for
making
the
network
better
before
the
pandemic.
I
realized
it
wasn't
intentional,
but
it
it
was
great
that
the
network
did
work,
because
those
hotspots
would
not
have
been
useful
without
the
network
in
place,
but
it
also
did
metrics
show
that
this
increase
in
usage
did
have
a
capacity
effect
on
the
network,
and
we
did
see
overload
in
some
areas
next
slide,
please.
N
This
leads
us
to
the
question
of
why
5g
5g
has
been
designed
specifically
to
support
more
than
just
devices.
It
does
more
than
just
smartphones
and
tablets.
It's
been
optimized
also
for
the
internet
of
things
and
smart
city
use
cases.
It
supports
fixed
broadband
as
an
alternative
to
perhaps
dsl
fiber,
cable,
modem,
and
so
in
places
where
consumers
have
either
no
choice
or
limited
choice.
5G
can
be
an
alternative
to
that.
N
Macro
towers
on
on
mountains
or
tall
buildings,
and
such
are
fine
for
network
coordination,
but
they're
really
not
useful
for
delivering
that
heavy
data
experience
that
we
that
we
are
currently
using
as
as
a
society
next
slide.
Please
then
we'd
ask
the
question.
Well
this
all
this
sounds
wonderful,
so
why
are
you
know?
Why
are
there
issues
with
5g?
Why
do
we
hear
people
talking
about
5g?
N
They
worry
about
whether
or
not
the
sites
are
going
to
create
negative
effects
on
their
property
valuation,
and
they
worry
simply
about
the
aesthetic.
So
maybe
I
don't
have
a
problem
with
the
health
issue.
Maybe
I'm
not
worried
about
the
real
estate,
but
I
just
don't
want
to
look
at
that
thing.
Well,
realistically,
poles
aren't
attractive,
no
matter
what's
on
them,
I
don't
know
that
a
small
saw
makes
a
poll
any
less
attractive.
E
N
Happen
to
think
that
they're
they're
actually
quite
beautiful,
but
that's
me
next
slide,
please
it's
important
when
we
talk
about
and
we
we
ask
these
questions
about
people
saying
that
5g
is
a
is
of
concern
that
we
separate
out
the
difference
between
what
they're
saying,
because
5g
is
not
anything.
That's
just
other
than
modulation
that
you
know.
If
you
have
an
fm
radio
transmitter,
that's
transmitting
classical
music
and
then
it
converts
its
format
to
heavy
metal.
It's
it's
information.
It's
there's
nothing
different
about
that
transmitter.
It's
just
transmitting
different
information.
N
N
So
I
think
what
we
have
to
look
at
is
the
question
of
people
say
well,
5g
is
a
problem
or
I'm
afraid
of
5g.
Really
what
they're
talking
about
is
millimeter
wave.
I
would
believe
or
they're
just
in
general
concerned
about
cellular
and
5gs
just
happens
to
be
the
term
that
they're
applying
to
cellular
in
general.
N
N
And
5g
is
a
is
an
evolution
of
the
previous
technologies
and
and
the
reality
is
that
there
are
some
sites
right
now
that
are
carrying
both
4g
and
5g
simultaneously
and
over
time,
5g
will
continue
to
evolve.
I
was
just
on
a
an
industry
call
this
morning.
Listening
to
one
of
the
vendors
talk
about
their
roadmap
for
5g
advanced,
which
is
coming
down,
and
it's
going
to
be.
N
So
next
slide,
please
talking
back
to
the
point
I
was
just
making
when
when
people
say
is
5g
safe.
I
think
really.
The
question
that
we
need
to
ask
is:
is
electromagnetic
energy
safe
because
again,
5g
4g
6g?
It's
just
the
information
that
is
imposed
upon
that
electromagnetic
energy.
Next
slide,
please!
N
A
N
And
television,
and
a
lot
of
new
things
that
we
we
now
take
for
granted
today,
and
so
you
know
there
have
been
over
10
000
studies
that
have
been
done
on
this
topic
over
the
past
70
years,
and
I
think
the
thing
to
do
is
to
look
at
the
body
of
evidence
and
where
this
points
in
terms
of
safety,
the
ieee's
international
committee
on
electromagnetic
safety
or
the
ics
had
links
to
over
4
000
quality,
high
quality,
peer
reviewed
studies,
and
there
are
several
standards
that
date
back
into
the
70s.
On
this
topic.
N
N
I
mean
the
ice
data
is,
is
very
exhaustive
in
this
regard
and
shows
that
there
are
aside
from
heating,
which
is
a
known
impact
from
electromagnetic
energy
and
probably
the
best
electromagnetic
energy
heating
that
we
know
of
is
when
we
walk
outside
on
a
sunny
day
and
and
we
feel
our
our
bodies
heating
up.
That's
because
the
sun
is
emitting
electromagnetic
energy
and
it's
warming
up
our
bodies.
N
The
fcc
has
not
changed
its
guidelines
on
this
since
then,
since
the
90s,
because,
frankly,
physics
hasn't
changed
since
the
90s
and
in
the
1996
they
put
out
the
original
oet65
guidelines,
which
your
study
requires
everybody
to
adhere
to,
as
as
do
all
cities
and
the
ieee
c95.1
is
the
standard
by
which
from
which
that
those
guidelines
are
derived.
They
issued
an
update
in
2019,
the
fcc
said
nothing
has
changed.
Ergo,
nothing
has
changed
in
terms
of
millimeter
wave.
N
I
mean
there
have
been
more
than
100
studies
that
have
been
done
on
this
topic
and
none
of
them
have
found
adverse
effects
on
the
high
quality
studies.
The
peer-reviewed
studies-
but
I
do
I
do
maintain
because
of
course,
good
science
is
an
ongoing
process
that
we
do
need
more
studies
in
millionaire
wave,
because
100
studies
relative
to
10
000
studies
is
a
small
amount,
and
so
I
would
argue
that
we
do
need
to
continue
to
look
at
this
so
that
we
can
reassure
the
public.
N
Keep
looking
at
this
topic
and
the
science
is
not
settled
on
this
topic,
so,
let's,
let's
keep
looking
at
it
next
slide.
Please,
and
then
we
compare
this
with
the
you
know.
What
I
would
put
in
quotes
is
science,
because
it
truly
is
not
science,
but
it
is
rather
sort
of
supposition
and
and
inference
from
correlation
as
opposed
to
causation.
You
know
the
probably
the
most
widely
cited
report
on
this
topic
comes
from.
N
A
group
called,
what's
called
the
environmental
health
trust
and
they
put
out
a
report
that
was
called
the
bioinitiative
report.
It's
widely
cited
by
opposition
groups,
but
it
has
also
been
widely
debunked
in
peer
reviews.
There
have
been
notable
reviews
of
the
bioinitiative
report.
Specifically
the
committee
on
the
is
committee
on
manned
radiation.
Did
an
extensive
review
of
it
in
2009..
N
Vershavi
did
a
work
in
2012
and
it
was
specifically,
I
think,
vershavi's
work
is
really
notable
because
he
he
graded
not
only
the
bio
initiative
report,
but
he
also
graded
33
other
reports
on
health
effects
and
he
graded
the
the
international
committee
for
non-ionizing
radio,
radiation
protection
or
the
ignerp
the
iarc,
the
senior
report,
all
at
a
ten
out
of
ten.
In
other
words,
they
got
everything
they
got
every
question
right.
You
know
it
was
a
hundred
percent.
N
He
graded
by
initial
report
three
out
of
ten
meaning
it
was
thirty
percent
and
if
you're,
if
your
child
brought
home
a
test
that
was
graded,
thirty
percent
about
three
questions
right
out
of
ten.
You
would
probably
have
cause
for
concern
and
you
might
be
wanting
to
talk
to
them
or
talk
to
their
teachers.
N
So
surveys
are
interesting
but
they're
like
polls,
and
they
can
be
wrong
as
we've
we've
known
over
the
past
few
years.
That
polls
can
be
wrong.
You
know,
if
I
create
a
poll
that
says,
should
a
certain
political
figure
be
impeached
and
I
send
it
out
to
subscribers
to
fox
news
and
subscribers
to
msnbc
yeah,
we'll
get
very
different
answers.
N
Likewise,
I
think
what
you
want
to
do
is
you
want
to
look
at
data,
which
is
what
we've
done
at
joint
venture
silicon
valley
in
2012
and
then
most
recently
in
2021,
there
were
also
reports
from
balbridge,
which
was
a
real
estate
research
company.
In
2018
there
was
a
professor
out
of
hamburg,
germany
called
monagh.
N
We
looked
at
11
million
real
estate
transactions
over
the
course
of
10
years
for
approximately
1200
cell
sites
that
were
installed
during
that
same
period
of
time
and
found
no
economically
significant
negative
impacts
and
found
actually
in
some
locations.
Positive
economic
impacts
from
location,
in
other
words,
small
cells,
actually
had
a
positive
impact.
N
It
was
interesting
by
the
way
that
in
the
neighborhoods,
where
we
found,
or
rather
the
communities
where
we
found
positive
impact,
were
communities
that,
were
you
know,
economically
challenged
access
and
functional
needs
communities.
Visalia
california
was
probably
the
biggest
one
that
we
found
an
impact.
N
There
was
a
sixteen
percent
positive
impact
on
property
valuation
in
visalia,
and
I
think
that's
that's
really
notable,
because
that
network
actually
led
to
that
network
actually
led
to
visalia
being
more
desirable
because
there,
because
these
homes
were
connected-
and
I
think
that
seems
at
a
gut
level
obvious
to
us
next
slide.
Please
heavy
and-
and
I
think
the
reason
why
is
is
is
obvious-
is
that
you
know
as
millennials
and
jen
and
gen
z
start
buying
their
homes
and
they
become
the
dominant
economic
force
in
real
estate
property
purchases.
N
They
they
want
they're
a
generation
that
is
connected
and
they
want
better
connectivity.
You
know,
looking
back
on
that
number
that
I
had
earlier.
86
of
people
under
the
age
of
34
are
wireless.
Only
well
guess
what,
when
you
move
to
a
house,
you
want
your
phone
to
work.
You've
never
had
a
landline
phone.
I
N
N
So
I
suppose
you
all
know
where
to
find
me
if
you,
if
you
know
me,
but
if
not
then
jointventure.org
wireless
is,
is
my
website,
my
home,
where
all
this
lives
you
can
download
copies
of
our
handbook,
our
real
estate
reports,
if
you
want
to
reach
out
to
me
david
w
at
jointventure.org,
that's
that's
how
to
get
to
me
and
I'm
going
to
hand
it
back
to
abby
at
this
point.
Thank
you
all
for
the
opportunity
to
be
here
today.
B
Thanks
abby
appreciate
that
david
always
great
to
see
you
thanks
for
the
work
you're
doing
at
joint
venture
and
well
well,
the
public
may
not
agree
with
your
aesthetic
sense
of
the
beauty
of
the
cell
towers.
I
think
the
the
research
on
on
health
and
property
values
is
helpful
to
see
so
appreciate
the
walk
through.
Why
don't
we
head
over
to
public
comment
and
once
we
get
the
timer
up
here,
we
will
go
to
blair.
L
Hi
glare
beekman
here,
I'm
now
on
a
computer,
so
hopefully
my
connection
can
be
good
thanks.
A
lot
for
this
item.
I've
been
trying
to
learn
that
you
know
this
is
a
process
of
a
compromise
and
give
and
take.
I
think,
all
processes
of
a
community
should
work
in
those
terms
instead
of
government
dictating
its.
You
know,
long-term
goals,
I
mean,
I
know
that
that
does
happen,
and
that
is
an
ultimate
goal
of
5g.
L
If
you
do
that,
well,
then
we're
doing
our
good
due
diligence
towards
a
good
community
effort,
and
then
the
second
part
of
that
you
know
is
bridging.
The
digital
divide
is
incredibly
important
and
I
do
not
want
to
deny
that
at
all,
but
and
and
and
so
from
that
local
neighborhoods
and
people
have
to
make
you
know,
choices
and
discretion
how
they
want
5g
placed
in
their
neighborhood
from
that
space.
L
This
technology
has
been
really
forced
on
us
by
kovid,
and
it
just
makes
misery
in
those
terms
for
ourselves
as
a
city
government,
we
have
great
policy
ideas
that
can
really
make
it
an
open,
shared
process,
a
full
community
process,
and
this
is
the
ideas
of
walking
hand
in
hand
in
the
future
of
bridging
the
digital
divide
and
open
public
policies
working
towards
that
good,
positive,
sustainable,
open
democracy.
Community
future.
H
H
That's
been
very
opposed
to
the
small
cell
deployments
and
they're
getting
their
information
from
you
know
the
studies
that
you
referenced
and
youtube
videos-
and
you
know
other
sources
that
aren't
reputable,
and
so
my
question
is:
is
there
a
definitive
place
that
we
can
direct
residents?
You
know
fcc
or
some
other
location
where
you
know
where
we
can
direct
them
to
to
see.
You
know
some
type
of
definitive
statements
about
the
you
know,
safety
of
the
small
cell
deployments
and
small
sales.
N
There
are
vice
mayor
jones,
and-
and
thank
you
for
that
question.
Certainly
you
know
if
you
wanted
to
look
at
the
research
on
this,
the
the
ice
would
be
the
best
place
to
go.
The
reality
is,
unfortunately,
that's
that's
sort
of
written
in
phds,
and
so,
if
you're,
if
you're,
not
into
really
reading
academic
research,
that
would
be
challenging,
probably
the
I
mean.
N
Obviously,
the
the
government
agencies
that
have
published
and
there
are
websites
for
a
variety
of
government
agencies,
including
some
you
know,
other
some,
like
medical
organizations
like
cancer.gov
and
such
like
that
I
mean,
because
people
have
complained
over
the
years,
primarily
about
the
concerns
that
some
wireless
technologies
will
cause
cancer.
But
then
there
are
other
claims
that
are
made
about
other
health
effects.
N
I
know
I
send
out
for
the
people
who
attend
our
our
regular
meetings.
Abby
gets
an
email
from
me
every
six
weeks
and
one
of
the
things
that
I
I
do
refer
people
to
is
I
we
maintain
a
media
tracker.
So
whenever
a
reputable
media
agency,
like
cnet
cnbc
cnn
a
lot
of
c's
out
there
put
the
wired
magazine
every
time,
I
get
an
article
on
this.
N
I
put
it
in
my
tracker
and
that
is
a
live
document
that
we
update
on
on
a
regular
basis,
and
so
I
would
really
honestly
refer
you
to
to
that,
because
I
think
it's
it's
often
good
for
people.
That
would
say
well,
yeah
those
academics,
you
know
they
they
talk
in
these
strange
terms,
and
but
what
does
the
media
say
about?
N
This
is
is
really,
I
think,
probably
the
most
consumable
thing
that
I
would
refer
people
to
and
I'm
sure
abby
could
easily
send
you
that
or
I
could
send
it
to
you
if
you'd,
like
whatever
you
think,
is
the
appropriate
process.
But
you
take
a
look
at
that
document.
There's
gosh!
I
want
to
say
it's
five
pages
long
at
this
point
in
small
type.
H
N
To
for
some
peop,
for,
I
can
think
of
a
few
individuals
that
for
some,
for
they
is
a
religion
for
them
there's
one
particular
person.
I
know
that
that
operates
out
of
northern
california,
and
I
I
don't
know
where
he
finds
the
time
or
money
to
travel
so
widely
to
oppose
things
in
town
that
he
does
not
live
in,
but
there's
one
individual
in
particular.
I
can
think
of
that.
It
is
rather
it's
a
pious
devotion
than
his
part.
Shall
we
say
actually.
H
F
B
Great-
and
I
want
to
get
us
out
of
here
but
abby-
I
did
have
one
quick
question
for
you.
I
really
appreciated
the
tables
that
showed
where
we
want
to
be
on
permit
review.
Where
we
are,
I
think,
that's
great
kind
of
relevant
to
our
data
analytics
conversation
previously,
I'm
curious
for
the
permit
review
on
macro
sales,
where
we're
at
5.7
and
want
to
be
at
five
or
lower.
What's
the
what
insights
do
we
have
about?
A
M
So
one
of
the
things
we're
looking
at
is
whether
the
staffing
agencies
could
be
a
more
long-term
support
so
that
this
number
can
be
reduced
or
if
we're
able
to
pinpoint
a
dedicated
staff
member
who
is
doing
these
reviews
over
time
within
the
department.
So
that's
what
we're
looking
at
right
now
to
bring
the
the
timeline
back
into
the
five
days
we
have
seen
it
fluctuate.
So
just
our
point
in
time,
right
now
is
or
the
5.7,
but
we
have
seen
it
at
the
five
day
mark.
B
Got
it-
and
I
realize
we're
not
that
far
off,
but
I
just
thought
since
we
had
the
data
there,
I'd
ask
what
the
next
step
is
to
get
to
the
target.
So
I
again
appreciate
the
transparency
around
where,
where
we
are
and
where
we
want
to
be
thanks,
abby,
unless
there's
anything
else
from
my
colleagues
not
seeing
any
other
hands,
why
don't
we
take
a
vote.
L
B
L
Hi,
thank
you
blair,
beekman
here
I
guess
I'll
start
off.
First,
without
what
I've
been
trying
to
say
offer
recently,
I
think
there
really
can
be
ways
that
we
can
offer
the
ideas
of
peace
for
the
future
of
the
ukraine
area.
I
think
all
sides,
no
good
ideas.
I
hope
we
could
work
toward
them.
We
can
use
our
local
practices.
We
do
here.
L
A
racial
equity,
health
and
human
services
and
reimagine
actually
can
really
be
important
facilitators
or
you
know
I
just
hope
we
really
can
talk
about
peace
and
ending
war
in
that
area.
All
sides
can
do
that
with
that
said,
you
know
I
I
hope
racial
equities
can
really
be.
Racial
equity
can
really
be
considered
in
how
things
were
spoken
of
today
and
really
addressed
and
helpful
to
the
process.
L
But
yet
it's
difficult
to
talk
about
those
things
openly.
Yet
still
good
luck
to
yourselves.
How
to
do
that.
I
think
open
public
policies
are
the
ideas
of
peace
and
sustainability,
open
democracy,
community
positiveness
and
getting
together
and
yet
you're
too
afraid,
there's
going
to
be
an
uprising
of
the
masses.
Yet
this
is
work
that
is
simply
intended
to
work
within
creating
better
policies
and
better
community
practices.
L
It
asks
about,
and
we
have
to
learn
how
to
say
that
to
each
other
and
learn
how
to
really
address
that
and
when
we
do
that's
bringing
out
our
better
selves
and
our
better
community
practices
towards
the
future
of
good
democracy,
open
democracy,
it's
really
important
good
stuff.
Good
luck!
How
we
can
figure
out
ways
to
interpret
it?
Thank
you.