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From YouTube: Panel Discussion: Hyperledger and the Global South
Description
Moderated by Rose Shuman, BrightFront Group
Countries around the world struggle with patronage political culture, political party supporters are rewarded with contracts to build roads, schools, hospitals. In the vein of recouping 'expenses', these contractors cut costs. The result is a case of poorly constructed roads, inadequate facilities and the consequent deaths in hospitals, dysfunctional school systems and numerous road accidents. Global South is really pioneering the extended use of enterprise-grade blockchain solutions in governmental processes to promote transparency and accountability. From the integration of Brazilian banks to maximize identification of banknote exchange opportunities to coffee trading in Africa, there is no limit to Blockchain innovation. Metropolis as the World Association of Large Metropolis has 138 member metropolitan regions around 5 continents. Out of them 69 are already using the technology in 255 projects! Let's discuss how Global South utilizes Blockchain, strategic guidelines for the development of DLT applications to solve particular urban issues of citizenship and democracy, land and real estate markets, infrastructure and public services, exchanges of total values, financial and non-financial, governance and finance
----
Hyperledger – Open Source Blockchain Technologies
Hyperledger is an open source community focused on developing a suite of stable frameworks, tools and libraries for enterprise-grade blockchain deployments.
It serves as a neutral home for various distributed ledger frameworks including Hyperledger Besu, Fabric, Sawtooth, Indy, as well as tools like Hyperledger Avalon, Cactus and libraries like Hyperledger Aries, Ursa. Learn more about Hyperledger projects: https://www.hyperledger.org/use
Case Studies: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/case-studies
Training & Certification: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/training
Tutorials: https://www.hyperledger.org/use/tutorials
Webinars: https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/webinars
Events: https://www.hyperledger.org/events
Vendor Directory: https://www.hyperledger.org/use/vendor-directory
Subscribe to the Hyperledger Newsletter: https://www.hyperledger.org/newsletter
Follow-us on Twitter @Hyperledger
Learn about Hyperledger Membership: https://www.hyperledger.org/about/join
#Hyperledger #HyperledgerGlobalForum2018 #Blockchain
A
Things
are
coming
to
the
global
south
panel
I
think
it's
going
to
be
actually
a
very
interesting
discussion
to
get
started.
I'll
just
give
us
some
context.
I'm
ross
shuman,
founder
of
bright
friend
group.
I
was
up
on
the
keynote
earlier
today,
so
if
you
were
there
for
that,
you
have
a
bit
of
an
idea
of
who
I
am
but
at
bright
front
we
work
on
mainstreaming
innovations
in
with
large
institutional
partners
such
as
the
UN,
amongst
others,
as
well
as
foundations
and
governments
and
corporations.
A
But
we
look
more
at
how
do
you
make
a
new
thing
happen
in
a
large
and
complex
environment,
and
we've
done
quite
a
lot
of
work
in
the
global
South.
So
I
am
moderating
this
panel
and
happy
to
be
here
and
happy
to
see
all
of
you
in
terms
of
what
is
this
panel
about?
It's
gone
through
a
little
bit
of
a
refinement.
A
Our
panelists
are
actually
both
from
Latin
America,
so
we'll
have
a
stronger
look
at
Latin
America
I'll
bring
in
some
perspective
from
other
parts
of
the
world
as
well,
but
I
think
we're
going
to
have
a
very
interesting
and
responsive
conversation.
It'd
be
good
to
also
we're
going
to
in
a
minute.
Ask
you
guys
to
identify
yourself
a
little
bit,
so
we
also
know
who
you
are,
then
we
can
bring
each
other
into
the
conversation
and
also
make
sure
that
we
understand
why
you're
here
and
help
ensure
that
you
get
what
you
need
from
this.
A
So
in
terms
of
some
just
broader
overview,
global
South
is
a
term
that
may
be
new
to
some
of
you.
It's
it
used
to
mean
the
previous
words
that
meant
the
same
region
was
developing
world
or
third
world.
Now
it's
about
global
South.
It's
therefore
less
of
an
economic
judgment
and
more
just
a
geographical
one,
but
it
gives
a
sense
of
what
that
term
might
mean
if
you're
not
familiar
with
it.
It's
really.
B
B
Metropolis
is
a
world
association
of
largest
cities,
but
cities
that
are
metropolis
are
special
combination
of
cities,
they're
cities
that
might
be
with
different
local
governments,
different
municipalities,
each
with
its
own
government,
but
all
together
into
a
very
large
urban
complex.
So
it's
a
special
kind
of
cities,
large
complex
and
as
a
consultant
for
metropolis.
B
We
did
a
research
for
a
publication
that
is
internet
metropolis,
org
and
the
publication
is
blockchain
a
tool
for
metropolitan
governance
with
a
question
mark
at
the
end,
because
we
didn't
know
if
that
was
possible
or
not,
we
did
the
research
and
we
look
at
one
each
and
every
one
of
the
hundred
and
thirty
seven
city
members,
and
we
found
69
cities
doing
already
254
blockchain
projects.
As
of
June
of
this
year.
B
Every
day
a
new
project
might
be
coming.
So,
to
tell
you
a
simple
thing
is
that's
what
I
do
my
interests
and
my
passions
is
about
cities
about
citizenship,
Civic,
literacy
and
using
technology
as
a
vehicle,
not
as
a
destination?
There's
a
saying
in
sailing
that
I
like
very
much
that
it
is.
There
are
no
good
winds
to
sail
on
if
you
don't
know
where
you're
going.
So
that's
me,
hi.
A
Before
we
launch
into
it,
it's
I
think
hopeful
for
all
of
us
to
know
to
the
extent
you
want
to
share
who
you
are
by
raising
of
hands.
So
how
many
here
are
representative
from
a
public
sector
or
a
social
nonprofit
type
of
background,
I
feel
okay,
how
many
are
from
companies
that
develop
blockchain
solutions,
okay
and
how
many
are
from
business?
A
Okay,
so
make
so.
It
looks
like
mix
of
people
who
have
familiarity
and
also
people
who
are
here
to
learn.
If
you,
okay,
I'm,
gonna,
go
and
I
know
people
don't
make
people
on
the
spot,
but
raise
your
hand
if
you
would
like
to
have
a
round
in
which
we
actually
introduced
each
other
or
whether
you
want
to
be
quiet
and
let
us
drive
the
truck.
Okay,
raise
your
hand
if
you
think
would
be
useful
to
know
who
else
is
in
the
audience
versus
rather
be
quiet.
D
My
name
is
Anil
for
me,
going
from
from
Brazil
I'm
market
cpqd,
speaker
D
is
a
non-profit
but
private
research
center
in
Brazil.
We
have
nowadays
true
ongoing
projects
related
to
blockchain,
one
about
traceability
for
me
chain
beef
chain
and
another
one
is
related
to
digital
identity,
self,
sovereign
identity
use
indie
and
the
first
one
using
fabric.
Okay,.
E
Thank
you
hi.
My
name
is
Royce
Fulton
I'm,
a
part
of
a
non-profit
based
in
Geneva,
looking
at
building
the
evidence
base
for
emerging
technologies
for
data
for
development
and
sustainable
development,
called
denominator
group
I'm,
currently
part
of
launching
a
part
of
Gates
Foundation,
funded
exploration
of
blockchain
and
the
vaccine
supply
chain
in
Kenya
with
partnered
academic
partners.
There
we
hope
to
distill
the
best
practices
and
evolve
that
into
some
sort
of
operational
framework
for
incorporating
this.
So
it's
a
lot
to
learn,
especially
from
your
experience.
F
Hi,
my
name
is
divaldo
Santos
from
original
from
Angola
in
sub-saharan
Africa
I'm
a
I'm,
a
a
graduate
student
in
geophysics,
which
I
know
doesn't
have
anything
to
do
with
blockchain,
but
I
understand
that
there
are
many
applications
that
could
be
they're
being
developed
for
blockchain.
This
type
of
technologies
in
Africa
and
I
have
several
family
members
that
work
for
the
government
and
not
be
trying
to
convince
them
that
there's
potential
for
them
to
improve
what
they
have
is
in
this.
So
I'm
here
to
learn
more
basically.
E
H
Hello,
I'm
ghost
tube
I
have
worked
in
the
MFI
industry
before,
as
a
software
programmer
and
I
am
interested
in
blockchain
is
because
it
gives
us
abilities
to
do
the
credit
history
management
and,
if
we
can
use
blockchain
to
you,
know,
create
securitize
securitisation
of
MFI
tones,
so
something
along
those
terms.
So
that's
what
I'm
here
to
explore
and
I've
come
here.
This
specific
discussion
to
know
is
what
kind
of
real
life
challenges
one
faces,
while
working
in
environments
where
the
infrastructure
is
not
so
good.
I
There
are
existing
banking
systems,
they
are
informal,
but
they
are
effective,
and
so
nobody
at
while
everybody
has
a
phone.
Nobody
necessarily
needs
an
app
to
manage
an
identity
wallet
so
I'm
trying
to
understand
how
we
can
use
the
the
SSI
and
hyper
ledger
inde
kind
of
technologies
that
are
starting
to
surround
these
people
and
connect
them
to
that
kind
of
ecosystem
and
their
day
to
day
life.
A
L
A
Thanks,
thank
you.
Okay
did
everybody
who
wanted
to
introduce
themselves
introduce
themselves?
Okay,
I
think
this
was
great.
If
so,
we
know
what
we're
going
to
drive
our
talk
towards
and
also
you
guys
now
can
find
each
other
and
I
think
discover
who
the
other
folks
in
the
room
are
that
share
some
interest.
So
this
was
good.
A
A
C
The
interbank
projects
I
mentioned
what
happens
in
Brazil
is
that
it
quite
often
happens
that
our
large
bank
has
either
too
much
cash
physical
money,
because
well
certain
day
there
are
too
many
deposits
or
one
large
bank.
He
needs
a
lot
of
money
to
feed
ATMs
agencies,
and
that
happens
all
over
the
country
and
usually
those
banks
would
have
to
go
to
central
bank
in
Brazil
to
either
deposit
or
withdraw
money,
but
the
problems
that
central
bank
charges
are
considerable
fee
for
that
service.
C
The
banks
can
save
a
lot
of
money
by
simply
exchanging
the
money
between
the
instead
of
the
physical
money.
But
then
there
is
an
additional
problem
to
that
is
that
there
can
be
no
mistakes
or
me
matches
on
that
kind
of
operation,
because
each
Singh
operation
is
millions
in
physical
money
exchanged
between
banks.
So
if
there
is
any
mismatch,
you
actually
have
literally
a
truckload
of
money
lost
somewhere,
know
not
knowing
where
to
take
the
money
in
some
kinds
of
business.
C
It's
acceptable
to
to
have
some
percentage
of
mismatches,
something
to
conciliate
later
or
operations,
but
for
other
kind
of
business.
That's
not
acceptable
and
that's
exactly
one
case
where
it's
not
acceptable
to
have
a
single
mistake
and
I.
Think
that
illustrates
very
well
one
of
the
important
points
of
using
blockchain,
which
is
to
guarantee
operations
without
any
chance
of
mismatches,
so
the
the
protocol
itself
it
ensures
that
no
operation
can
be
in
in
following
that
kind
of
situation.
So
technically
you
have
in
blockchain
you
have
always
each
operation
has
the
hash
of
the
previous
one.
C
So
you
cannot
just
skip
an
operation,
it's
very
for
who
we
fought
using
blockchain.
It
happens
all
the
time
that
whenever
two
companies
make
transactions
with
each
other,
then
at
the
end
of
the
day
one
company
says
okay.
Well,
this
operation,
we
are
mentioning
I,
don't
have
it
in
my
system
or
that
operation
you
are
talking
about.
The
data
I
have
here
is
different
with
blockchain.
That
cannot
happen
because
first,
every
operation
is
sign
it
by
the
participants
according
to
established
rules.
So
if
it
sign
it,
then
no
side
can
say
well.
C
I
have
different
information.
All
the
information
was
the
same
and
it
was
signed
at
you.
You
cannot
have
a
different
one.
The
blockchain
itself
has
always
the
hash
to
the
previous
operation,
so
you
cannot
escape
an
operation
without
noticing
it,
because
then
the
hedge,
the
hash,
won't
match,
and
you
cannot
have
the
same
operation
started
twice,
because
the
protocol
itself
guarantees
against
double
spending.
B
B
Basically,
what
blockchain
did
at
the
beginning
in
the
beginning
was
Halloween
night
ten
years
ago,
so
the
last
day
of
October,
which
is
Halloween,
you
know
in
Mexico's,
dia
de
Muertos.
Okay,
that's
when
Nakamoto
decided
to
publish
his
white
paper.
Okay,
one
wonders
if
there
was
an
intention
now
with
a
Halloween
joke,
or
it
was
just
a
coincidence,
but
I
don't
believe
in
coincidences.
So
that's
what
it
was
created
for,
but
very
quickly.
B
B
So
we
can
have
total
value
financial
in
the
terms
that
we
all
know
you
know
in
the
bank's
know,
but
also
in
terms
of
many
other
values
which
might
be
ethical
might
be
related
to
food
to
culture,
to
whatever
you
want.
Okay,
if
the
value
can
be
described
precisely
digitally,
then
ownership
of
that
value
can
be
recognized
and
transfer
of
the
ownership
is
possible.
So
blockchain
everyone
talks
about
blockchain
and
the
beginning
of
internet
I'd
like
to
be
disruptive
I'd
like
to
say
that
blockchain
is
equivalent
to
the
invention
of
computing.
B
Okay,
we
all
remember
the
movie
about
no
touring
and
the
machine
for
deciphering
the
German
messages
during
the
war.
Okay,
well,
blockchain
allows
the
internet
a
value,
allows
the
internet
of
transactions,
but
at
the
very
end,
what
it
is
allowing
us
to
do
is
a
computation
of
value,
and
that
is
unique,
and
that
is
something
that
we
have
since
Halloween
2008
that
great
new
not
trick
or
treats
but
trades
of
value.
Okay,
what
are
the
six
lines
of
action
we
found
in
our
researcher
of
a
hundred
and
thirty
seven
cities?
B
One
is
identity
and
citizenship
and
democracy.
The
second
line
is
land
property
of
Land,
Registry
of
land
and
land
uses
land
values.
The
third
is
everything
related
to
infrastructure
and
public
services,
because
we're
talking
about
cities,
so
those
three
first
lines
are
about
us:
the
persons
about
our
position
in
the
territorial
world
and
third,
about
the
channels
we
have
for
interchanging
many
things
from
vital
fluids
to
transport,
to
whatever
exchange
of
value.
On
top
of
those
three
physical
lines
of
actions,
there
are
the
three
lines
that
we
found
out:
markets,
exchanges
of
value,
non-financial
I'll.
B
B
A
value
v
is
governance,
governmental
processes
and
the
sixth
line
of
action
we
found
in
those
69
cities
out
of
their
hundred
and
thirty
seven
members
were
metropolis,
is
no
financial
resources
and
to
give
you
a
short
example,
they're,
a
very
old
idea
you
see,
Kryptos
is
a
new
currency
or
family
of
currencies
that
mean
icos,
which
were
the
rage
of
a
year
ago,
are
just
another
alternative
currencies
with
the
invention
of
money.
Three
thousand
four
thousand
years
ago
we
had
minted
coins,
which
the
crowns
and
the
realms
use
it
for
paying
and
collecting
taxes.
B
But
communities
always
had
come.
You
know,
currencies
those
exist
before
blockchain
and
blockchain
is
particularly
useful.
For
instance,
in
Brazil
you
have
the
Banco
Palmas
in
Fortaleza,
okay,
here
in
Switzerland,
you
have
the
deal.
Okay,
the
Swiss
had
a
cash
problem
in
1929
during
the
crash
believe
it
or
not.
Switzerland
had
a
cash
problem.
Well,
they
created
an
alternative
currency
101
on
a
par
with
a
Swiss
franc.
It's
quite
successful.
B
A
C
A
L
So
this
is
why
a
user
uptake
was
low
and
well
when
digital
identity
and
blockchain
based
identity
exchange
came
in,
for
we
all
had
a
hope
that
that
will
easy
the
citizens
task
to
enroll.
But
again,
I
don't
see
the
tool
given
to
the
citizen,
how
the
process
has
to
be
initiated
again.
Private
key
has
to
be
taught
somewhere,
I
mean
it's
again
very
difficult
for
the
citizen,
especially
for
elderly,
or
for
underprivileged
people.
B
You're
quite
correct:
okay:
I
can
share
some
of
the
examples.
Okay,
that
we
we've
seen.
Okay,
Barcelona
and
Berlin
have
identity
projects
on
blockchain.
You
know
deco
day
in
Barcelona
halal
up
and
in
Berlin,
okay,
they're,
basically
trying
to
protect
privacy
issues
while
at
the
same
time
giving
citizens
the
ownership
of
theta
okay,
but
it
has
all
the
problems
that
you're
talking
about
for
for
elder
and
vulnerable
populations.
B
B
Okay,
that
doesn't
give
you
any
right
that
doesn't
make
you
a
citizen
or
them
a
citizen,
but
it
identifies
the
population.
Their
idea
was
once
you
have
bottom-up
identify
individuals.
Then
an
ecosystem
for
the
transference
of
value
can
grow.
On
top
of
that
information
and
so
blockchain
applications.
New
ideas
startups
would
grow
up.
B
I
just
learned
yesterday
from
two
new
friends
from
India
that
I
met
and
at
the
cocktail
that
the
Supreme
Court
in
India
has
just
forbidden
the
use
of
Allah,
okay,
because
privacy
issues,
okay,
now
blockchain
could
be
a
no
brainer
to
hope
to
solve
that.
Okay,
but
what
I
think
it's
it's
a
combination
not
always
is
a
technical
issue
that
has
to
be
solved.
I
mean
technology
is
a
vehicle,
but
we
want
a
destination
and
in
social
issues
and
in
urban
issues
and
metropolitan
issues.
B
It's
that
combination
that
blending
of
means
political
and
technical
were
the
key
to
success,
lies,
and
there
are
no
prefab
solutions
that
you
can
use.
Every
context
has
to
look
at
their
particular
combinations.
The
technicality
is
there,
but
the
cultural
and
the
social
and
the
political
issues
are
also
there
and
those
cannot
come
from
outside
those
have
to
be
sold
within
I.
C
Problems
but
the
problems
are
you
shoot?
There
is
two
out
there.
The
technology
is
brand
new.
There
is
issue
a
lot
of
built
on
top
of
the
technology
to
actually
solve
the
problems.
I
think
that's.
The
main
purpose
of
this
conference
is
that
we
are
realized
where
we
we
need
to
go
and
how
to
get
there.
A
I
think,
looking
at
the
time
in
the
audience,
yeah
we're
going
to
throw
all
our
questions
out
the
window
if
that's
okay
and
actually
keep
engaging
given
time.
This
was
a
great
question
and
just
scraping
the
surface
I
think
of
a
lot
of
complex
issues.
Would
anyone
else
like
to
respond
to
either
of
the
kiss
that
you
would
great.
E
Thank
you,
hopefully,
to
frame
a
lot
of
this
in
the
context
of
what
I
think
was
discussed,
the
global
South
being
a
target
and
I've
come
into
this
conference
with
you
know
a
thousand
questions,
and
now
I
have
a
thousand
times
ten
times
a
thousand,
but
maybe
try
to
frame
this
to
get
one
kind
of
framing
question.
You
know
there
are
very
unique
challenges
in
each
of
these
two
contexts
that
are
not
seen
in
your
traditional
implementation
space.
E
You
see,
paper
records
being
used
predominantly
and
I've
heard
many
people
who
are
working
on
these
initial
pilots
saying
well.
We
assume
that
this
problem
is
going
to
be
solved
by
2030.
Elon
Musk
can
take
care
of
it
for
us,
okay
sure
we
also
have
the
issues
of
existing
fragmentation,
of
technological
solutions
that
have
honestly
been
foisted
upon
a
lot
of
global
South
actors
by
at
the
global
North
I've,
given
a
great
example
as
being
immunization
tracking
systems,
we
have
two
of
them.
E
We
have
two
parallel
systems
in
certain
of
these
countries
and
the
consequence
of
this
fragmentation
is
that
people
are
lost
in
the
system.
The
current
CERN
that
I
have
going
into
a
place
and
trying
to
build
a
new
platform
that
is
with
unproven
technology
and
going
in
is
that
these
gaps
are
not.
You
know,
kind
of
grok
to
or
being
made,
and
you
know
perfectly
clear
to
those
developing
the
solutions,
and
this
is
why
we
so
focused
so
clearly
on
government
owners
or
country
ownership
of
the
implementation.
We're
not
building
it.
E
We're
letting
like
a
Kenyan
agency
build
it
for
us.
So
in
the
end,
you
know,
and
we're
going
to
have
to
look
for
ways
in
order
to
get
the
data
that
makes
the
most
sense
for
those
of
us
acting
in
global
health
and
development
to
to
react
to
the
realities
in
the
ground.
We
need
to
be
able
to
aggregate
this
data
across
potentially
several
block
chains.
E
I,
don't
hear
a
lot
of
be
talking
besides
just
you
know
the
potential
of
a
digital
identity
Solutions,
for
example,
being
able
to
interoperate
with
each
other,
while
many
pilots
are
operating
in
different
contexts,
a
lot
on
the
right
next
to
each
other.
Geographically.
My
hope
is
that
my
old
colleague
Dakota
Gruner
ID
2021,
solve
all
that
for
us,
but
again,
I
think
the
fundamental
question
is
going
into
this
conference.
E
Is
the
blockchain
community
we
have
now
today
the
ecosystem
we
have
today
fit
for
purpose
and
ready
to
address
the
unique
concerns
of
the
global
south.
When
we
come
in
and
develop,
as
you
say,
hundreds
hundreds,
hundreds
upon
hundreds
of
pilots
potential
hundreds
of
competing
platforms-
maybe
one
ones
that
made
the
other
and
if
and
second
part
of
that
is
the
hyper
ledger
ecosystem
in
particular.
Do
you
feel
that
it's
fit
for
purpose
to
that,
and
if
not,
what
do
we
need
to
do
to
get
there?
C
One
of
the
me
issues
you
mention
is
that,
like
there
are
several
different
solutions
competing
with
each
other
and
the
problems
about
integrating
them
and
defragmentation.
One
of
the
benefits
I
see
also
on
blockchain,
is
that
it's
a
platform
where
you
have
any
specific
owner
of
the
solution.
So
it's
it's
a
platform
where
everyone
can
participate
and
nobody
owes
the
network
or
all
the
assets.
So,
instead
of
trying
to
impose
their
own
solutions,
they
actually
like
the
companies
just
need
to
agree
on
our
network,
and
every
company
can
work
together
and
contribute
to
that.
C
We
fought
the
world
that
okay,
the
information
and
posting
will
be
owned
by
someone
else
or
I
will
be
depending
on
another
company
to
do
that
and
I
will
lose
the
market
for
myself.
Well.
The
parallel
is
like
the
reason
why
Walmart
in
abducted
what
blockchain
to
control
the
entire
supply
chain
is
that
the
main
motivation
for
Walmart
was
avoiding
the
need
to
integrate
with
they're
providers
and
for
him
being
able
to
track
the
assets.
Why
just
establishing
a
blockchain
solution
for
them?
C
B
Also
I'd
like
to
add
you
said
it,
you
frame
it
quite
quite
rightly:
okay,
it's
not
about
developing
isolation
in
isolation.
It's
not
about
selling
a
product,
no
north-to-south,
it's
about
finding
out
a
problem
that
needs
to
be
solved.
I
mean
startups,
need
a
user
base,
okay
for
the
start-up
to
be
successful,
so
it's
those
users
that
have
the
problem,
the
ones
we
have
to
look
at;
okay,
but
also
the
ones
we
have
to
bring
into
ecosystems
of
interaction.
D
B
Okay,
all
of
us
need
to
get
together
in
small
ecosystems
of
interaction
where
we
can
use
tools
that
already
exist,
but
also
what
I
would
suggest-
and
that's
my
dream
at
least
for
cities
and
place
where
we
can
develop
little
tools.
I
mean
the
tools
for
land
Ghana
in
Accra
in
Africa
was
the
first
country
to
do
a
Land
Registry
before
so
it
was
Sweden
and
before
the
economic
authority
of
Hong,
Kong,
okay,
well
m-pesa
in
Kenya
invented
using
time
and
your
phone
as
a
currency.
B
Before
Halloween
of
208
and
I
mean
9
by
10
years
ago,
you
could
pay
a
taxi
with
your
phone
and
I,
don't
be
so
hard
ship
and
misery
like
in
the
song,
ok,
hardship
and
misery.
Our
hot
beds
were
innovation,
because
we
have
no
room,
we
either
succeed
or
we
die
as
simple
as
that.
So
having
that
hardship
and
misery
and
pairing
it
with
technical
knowledge
in
an
ecosystem
of
interaction
who
are
the
social
implications
and
the
social
understanding
of
what
the
solution
is.
B
A
So
I'm
gonna
jump
in
as
well.
Ok,
yeah,
so
I
think
your
points
are
the
cross-cutting
issues,
not
just
with
blockchain
but
any
sort
of
new
technology
intervention
in
any
sort
of
global
South
environment,
particularly
when
it's
being
introduced
by
an
external
actor
and
and
temporarily
financed,
but
then
left
behind
I
mean
it's
in
old-school
development.
It's
a
bit
like
building
schools
and
then
walking
away
and
thinking
you've
done
something
when
you've
got
much
of
an
eye
to
sustainability
and
maintenance,
which
I'm
not
saying
is
always
the
case,
but
can
happen
with
blocked
chain.
A
I
think
there's
still
a
lot
of
evolution
in
terms
of
how
the
use
cases
are
going
to
play
out.
It
has
the
interesting
possibility
in
that
there
is
the
potential
for
leap
frogging.
You
know,
because
of
the
the
state
of
a
lot
of
the
existing
infrastructure
being
sometimes
quite
non-existent
or
poor.
It
is
an
opportunity
to
I
mean,
for
example,
in
a
lot
of
existing
government
infrastructure
in
what's
called
the
Western
developed
world.
A
You've
got
so
many
layers
of
ingrained
IT
solutions
that
to
scrape
those
out
and
replace
them
is
a
massive
scrapping
of
investment
versus
if
you're
still
paper-based
or
using
lighter
technologies.
Maybe
there's
some
potential
around
that,
but
you
still
have
issues
of
maintenance,
ownership,
sustainability
and
because
every
blockchain
is
inherently
an
uneasy
partnership
between
different
players.
A
Our
stakeholders
in
an
environment,
the
amount
of
work
to
establish
that
local
ecosystem
is
not
insignificant
and
for
all
of
them
to
commit
to
maintaining
it
is
something
that
has
to
be
considered
in
the
long
term
and
thinking
about
everybody's
incentives.
I
think
is
very
important,
both
their
technological
capabilities,
in-house
or
the
likelihood
in
country
to
continue
to
maintain
these
solutions,
as
well
as
how
is
this
going
to
be
a
win
for
everybody
involved
so
that
you
don't
have
dropping
out
and
therefore
dropping
the
network
to
being
a
non-functional
blockchain.
A
But
again
you
have
a
lot
of
legislated
entitlements
in
many
governments,
but
actually
for
citizens
to
achieve
the
ability
to
receive
the
benefit
of
those
entitlements
is
very
difficult,
particularly
when
you
have
a
very
uneven
class
of
implementers
within
government
and
social
sector.
That
is
some
of
the
areas.
I
think
are
kind
of
exciting
about
blockchain
implementation.
A
Point
I'm
gonna
put
in
a
quick
plug
for
something
that
may
be
of
interest
for
most
people
in
here
I,
chair,
hyper,
Ledger's,
public
sector
special
interest
group.
We
have
a
webinar
every
two
weeks
in
which
we
bring
together
a
pretty
diverse
range
from
across
the
world
folks
involved
in
anything
remotely
public
sector
oriented.
We
have
case
studies
that
are
shared
as
well
as
a
peer
group
in
which
we
can
discuss
our
peoples
own
issues
and
concepts.
The
way
we
are
now
as
well
as
learn
from
case
studies.
A
So
if
you
look
up
hyper
ledger
public
sector
group,
it's
very
easy
to
enroll
yourself
and
then
you'll
get
announcements
every
two
weeks
about
exciting
webinars
coming
up
our
last
one
actually
had
brian
behlendorf
speaking
to
the
group,
which
was
pretty
neat
as
a
way
to
get
to
get
in
conversation
with
him
now
as
much
fun
and
an
interest
as
this
is
becoming
I.
Have
this
sinking
suspicion
that
we're
at
the
end
of
our
time?
Am
I
right?
A
Are
we?
The
name
of
the
group
is
hyper:
ledger
public
sector
special
interest
group,
but
if
you
just
look
at
public
sector
group,
you'll
find
it
and
there's
a
wiki
and
it
gives
you
instructions
to
sign
up
for
a
mailing
list.
So
if
you
just
do
one
thing
just
put
yourself
on
the
mailing
list,
you'll
then
get
a
mail
every
two
weeks
about
new
case
studies
being
discussed
and
it's
a
webinar
every
Friday,
every
other
Friday.
A
A
Well,
this
has
been
very
brief,
but
very
nice
and
I
really
hope
that
and
I'll
let
each
of
you,
you
know,
send
your
greetings
as
well,
but
I
really
hope
now
that
folks
have
had
the
opportunity
to
identify
one
another
that
you
can
start
to
connect
horizontally,
as
well
as
with
our
speakers.
So
thank
you
and
over
to
you.