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From YouTube: Building Identity and Credit Solutions for the Developing World Using Hyperledger... Alan Krassowski
Description
Building Identity and Credit Solutions for the Developing World Using Hyperledger Technology - Alan Krassowski, Kiva
In this session, Mr. Krassowski will provide a technical overview of the solutions Kiva has been putting in place in the developing world that provide better access to identity and credit for traditionally underserved communities.He will walk through fundamental design decisions Kiva has made relative to its project requirements and how the Kiva team chose among Hyperledger technologies including Indy, Aries, Ursa, Fabric, and Besu.The system-level architecture will be reviewed, and the audience will gain a perspective on how the solution has achieved interoperability among various Hyperledger technologies and also with parts of the existing banking infrastructure in at least one implementation country.Engineering trade-offs and design decisions will be discussed, as well as the roadmap for continued development and expansion of the system, giving the audience a holistic view of how Kiva is leveraging Hyperledger technologies for human betterment.
----
Hyperledger – Open Source Blockchain Technologies
Hyperledger is an open source community focused on developing a suite of stable frameworks, tools and libraries for enterprise-grade blockchain deployments.
It serves as a neutral home for various distributed ledger frameworks including Hyperledger Besu, Fabric, Sawtooth, Indy, as well as tools like Hyperledger Avalon, Cactus and libraries like Hyperledger Aries, Ursa. Learn more about Hyperledger projects: https://www.hyperledger.org/use
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A
This
is
my
typical
slide
deck,
but
I
wanted
to
stay
true
to
the
to
the
hyper
ledger
event
today
and
the
first
question
I
often
get
asked
at
a
talk
like
this
is:
who
are
you
to
talk
about
identity?
Drummond
was
making
fun
of
me
yesterday
for
people
to
ask
that
question
at
events
like
this,
but
this
is.
This
is
kind
of
a
professional
version
of
Who.
I
am
and
I'm
leading
a
team
at
Kiva,
but
do
I
know
who
I
really
am
and
am
I
sure
am
I
sure
I'm
really
me.
A
There's
a
song
I
listened
to
last
summer
that
this
line
kind
of
stuck
in
my
head
and
I
think
it's
appropriate
for
this
space.
So
there's
a
term
called
sonder
which
is
like
looking
at
every
human
being
in
a
city
or
in
a
room
like
this
and
saying.
Well,
who
are
you
and
who
have
you
been,
and
here's
a
here's,
a
flash
at
my
life
for
one?
You
know
a
few
slices
through
it.
I
was
born,
I
was
given
a
name
by
my
parents:
I
wasn't
self
sovereign
out
of
the
womb.
A
I,
don't
think
many
of
you
were
I.
First
about
thirty
years,
I've
been
in
tech,
I
got
an
apple
too
in
the
late
70s
and
I
got
a
degree
at
a
good
school
in
upstate,
New
York
and
had
a
very
blessed
kind
of
white
male
privilege,
tech
career
as
a
programmer,
and
then
an
architect
and
the
chief
architect
did
a
little
bit
of
work
in
FinTech
over
those
years.
Like
a
lot
of
people
in
the
self
sovereign
identity,
space
I
was
in
anti-malware
and
antivirus.
A
Sadly,
only
computer
antivirus,
not
biological,
so
I
can't
help
much
these
days,
but
I've
also
spent
some
time
in
in
block
train
I
worked
at
consensus
for
about
16
months
prior
to
joining
Kiva,
where
I'm
at
now
and
for
some
of
those
years
I
had
a
specific
identity
focus,
but
I
don't
come
to
you
with
decades
of
experience
in
identity.
So
that's
a
little
bit
about
me
a
little
bit
about
Kiva
the
organization
I
work
for
now
for
and
I've
worked
here
for
about
nine
months
or
so.
A
A
We
take
a
lot
of
these
things
for
granted
in
the
Western
world
and
sadly,
let
me
before
I
get
into
that
there's
a
lot
of
people
that
don't
have
this
type
of
financial
power
over
their
lives
to
trade
value
with
others
Kiva,
as
a
company
has
been
around
for
15
years.
It's
a
non
profit
started
in
2005
and
there's
some
pretty
amazing
stats.
Here
I
was,
and
these
are
the
most
up
to
date.
A
I
could
get
from
our
own
website
three
and
a
half
million
borrowers
over
those
15
years
in
77
countries
and
81%
of
the
borrowers
have
been
women,
which
I
think
is
just
an
amazing
statistic
to
think
about,
and
it's
it's
very
empowering
for
women
around
the
world.
There's
been
almost
one
and
a
half
billion
dollars
lent
by
micro
lenders
throughout
the
prep
throughout
the
platform,
and
this
is
Kiva's
main
platform
I'm
talking
about.
We
also
just
launched
a
mobile
app
that
you
can
download
from
the
Apple,
Store
or
Android
store
and
lend
that
way.
A
Now
to
so
you'll
see
people
throughout
the
world
that
might
need
some
money
to
get
a
business
going
or
send
their
kid
to
college,
or
just
some
schooling
that
kind
of
stuff
the
average
loan
rate
is
four
hundred
dollars.
So
that's
a
micro
loan
right.
A
traditional
bank
in
the
u.s.
can't
give
a
loan
profitably
for
less
than
five
figures
and
that,
but
the
way
we're
doing
this
with
400
partners
around
the
world
and
we've
been
doing
it
for
a
decade
and
a
half
and
continuing
to
do
it
and
continue
to
expand.
A
It
is
called
micro
lending
and
another
surprising
statistic:
is
we
almost
have
a
97%
repayment
rate
from
our
borrowers?
These
are
very
credit
worthy
individuals
when
they're,
given
this
kind
of
opportunity
and
we've
proven
that
so
in
order
to
scale
the
kind
of
the
base
of
the
pyramid.
Further,
the
keep
a
protocol
project
was
launched
and
it's
about
financial
inclusion
for
kind
of
the
bottom
billion
on
the
planet.
A
Right
we
have
seven
and
a
half,
eight
or
so
billion
people
on
the
planet
right
now
and
a
lot
of
them
do
not
have
access
to
financial
inclusion.
I
mentioned
earlier
that
the
smaller
loans
are
a
lot
more
difficult
for
traditional
banks
to
facilitate
and
rural
markets,
especially
in
countries
like
this.
Don't
have
access
to
banks
necessarily
or
or
just
even
getting
cash
can
be
difficult
and
then,
even
if
a
person
has
gotten
and
taken
a
lot
of
loans
on
the
Kiva
system
and
paid
them
back
faithfully
with
a
hundred
percent,
you
know
repayment
rate.
A
How
do
they
then
take
that
credit
worthiness
and
go
to
a
real
bank
and
try
to
get
you
know
a
bigger
loan
to
build
a
house
or
to
build
a
storefront
when
a
bank
or
a
system
like
that
might
not
even
understand
or
trust
Kiva
like
well,
the
Kiva
website
says,
or
the
Kiba
database
says
that
this
person
has
repaid
the
loan.
But
how
do
we
build
that
kind
of
trust
into
the
whole
system?
So
that's
what
the
project
is
about.
There
are
some
challenges
related
to
regulations.
A
There
are
people
out
there
who
would
want
to
exploit
the
poor.
There
are
some
mobile
apps
in
certain
countries
where
they're
really
encouraging
people
to
take
these
high-risk
loans
and
at
a
hundred
percent
interest
rates
or
higher,
with
a
lot
of
fees
tacked
on
and
get
people
into
like
kind
of
too
much
debt
and
there's
also
a
great
challenge
with
identity,
if
you're
the
lender.
A
Sometimes
so.
Our
first
implementation
is
in
Sierra
Leone
in
West
Africa,
and
they
currently
have
a
credit
and
when
the
project
started,
they
had
a
credit
bureau
that
handled
the
tracked
2000
different
loans,
mostly
for
group
loans
and
the
more
wealthy
in
the
population.
There's
8
million
citizens
in
Sierra
Leone
that
they're,
not
all
adults,
let's
say
roughly
five:
six
million
adults,
it's
a
rapidly
growing
country.
A
Five
million
citizens
were
recently
given
govern
government
IDs,
and
the
government
is
expanding
that
program
to
provide
a
way
for
citizens
to
prove
where
they're
from.
But
this
is
a
country,
that's
been
war-torn.
There's
been
a
bola
virus,
there's
been
changes,
changes
of
government
and
you
know
that
may
continue
going
forward.
So
there's
it's
a
pretty
challenging
environment.
I
listened
to
a
talk
in
a
room
nearby
here
yesterday.
A
That
was
some
work
going
on
in
South
Africa,
where
the
company
was
working
with
just
the
banking
system
and
literally
just
starting
with
one
bank
in
a
bank
consortium.
Kiva
is
taking
a
bit
of
a
more
holistic
view
with
this
project
we're
working
with
the
government
of
Sierra
Leone,
and
that
includes
several
sub
parts
of
that
government.
You've
got
the
central
bank.
A
You've
got
regulators,
you've
got
just
the
identity
piece
of
the
bank
of
the
of
the
central
bank
or
of
the
government
we're
also
working
with
lots
of
banks
in
the
area
we're
working
with
microfinance
institutions
in
the
area.
So
it's
a
holistic
kind
of
approach,
we're
also
somewhat
working
with
different
UN
agencies
as
well
that
have
helped
fund
fund.
The
project
and
get
us
you
know,
doors
open
into
bringing
the
entire
country
along
for
this.
For
this
journey,
anybody
recognize
this
building.
A
You
might
have
seen
it
when
you
walked
in
its
like
a
block
from
here.
It's
a
chase
big
bank
building
I'm.
Just
trying
to
give
you
a
feel
for
the
difference
between
something
like
this,
which
is
one
block
from
where,
when
our
you
know
where
we're
sitting
today
and
here's
one,
the
berapa
community,
bank
and
lanza-
and
this
is
in
Sierra
Leone,
not
quite
as
sophisticated,
but
to
give
you
even
more
of
a
real
feel
for
what's
it
what's
it
like,
there,
I
hadn't
visited
Sierra
Leone
before
this
project.
A
A
B
B
D
E
One
of
the
major
issues
with
Financial
Inclusion
today
is
that
there's
this
lack
of
verifiable
identity
and
more
than
that,
there's
no
credit
history.
That's
tied
to
that
individual.
We
started
working
with
the
Syrian
government
for
the
past
eight
months.
Now
many
people
with
in
Sierra
Leone
may
not
have
actual
documentation
for
proving
their
identity.
E
B
A
A
Yeah,
so
that
should
give
you
a
little
more
flavor
of
what's
on
the
ground
there
some
goals
of
what
we've
designed
the
protocol
to
do.
We
definitely
want
to
empower
individuals
to
prove
their
identity
and
prove
their
credit
history
to
the
existing
banking
system.
We
want
to
leverage
and
contribute
to
open
source
projects
like
hyper,
ledger
and
and
support
kind
of
emerging
w3c
standards,
because
I
think
there's
going
to
be
a
lot
more
interoperability
of
these
types
of
digital
identity,
primitives
than
we've
seen
in
just
kind
of
one-off
projects
from
some
of
the
pioneers.
A
We
definitely
want
to
reduce
friction
for
the
banking
activities.
That's
saving
time
for
users.
That's
also
helping
banks
and
MFIs
be
able
to
serve
their
customers,
I
mean
ostensibly.
The
banking
system
would
exist
to
serve
those
who
are
using
it
and
definitely
respecting
the
privacy
of
borrowers
and
kind
of
I've
enjoyed
daniel
hardman.
A
Here
are
the
hyper
ledger
projects
that
we
are
currently
using.
We
use
Indy,
we
use
areas
we
use
Ursa,
we
use
best
sue,
that's
a
different,
a
decent
subset
of
kind
of
the
poster
you
see
and
on
the
third
floor,
of
all
the
projects
out
there-
and
here
is
how
we're
giving
back
some
examples
of
how
we're
giving
back
to
these
platforms.
A
So
we
wrote
a
database
plugin
for
Indy
SDK
I
mentioned
that
Sierra
Leone,
the
government
of
Sierra
Leone
had
five
million
identities
in
their
system
that
they've
ceded
and
we
wanted
to
quickly
be
able
to
create
five
million
kind
of
you
want
to
call
them
cloud
wallets
for
citizens
there
to
be
able
to
do
that.
In
a
reasonable
amount
of
time,
with
all
the
cryptography
involved
in
the
storage,
so
getting
that
was
important
and
we
achieved
that
last
year
we've
participated
in
Ares,
JavaScript
working
groups,
we've
done
some
key
management
and
secure
storage.
A
A
You
know
earlier
versions
around
kiba's
founding
15
years
ago
of
what
identity
should
be
from
Kim
Cameron
of
Microsoft
at
the
time
to
a
more
a
more
recent
kind
of
way
of
thinking
about
these
things
in
terms
of
in
terms
of
SSI
principles,
but
it
turns
out
what
Kiva
is
doing
is
not
quite
pure
SSI
we're
not
starting
with
a
citizen
just
declaring
their
own
high
entropy
number
as
this
is
about.
This
is
the
way
thou
shalt
refer
to
me,
we're
not
starting
from
scratch
in
that
way.
A
We're
working
in
partnership
with
the
government
who
has
issued
government
IDs
and
who
has
officially
fingerprinted
people
that
have
end
up
in
a
government
database
so
I
tend
to,
and
this
is
a
slide
with
a
lot
of
words
on
it,
but
I
tend
I've.
Given
other
talks
about
this
as
well.
I
spoke
at
SSI
meetup.
If
you
want
to
hear
more
of
my
in-depth
thoughts
about
this,
but
I
think
there's
kind
of
a
trend
here
towards
something
I
would
call
something
more
akin
to
identity.
Stewardship.
A
I
actually
heard
the
term
identity
management
yesterday
and
there's
some
trust
involved
here
when
it's
not
the
individual
necessarily
creating
their
own
identity
from
scratch.
But
I
I
got
excited
and
I
am
still
excited
about
a
lot
of
SSI
concepts.
I
just
see
that
the
trend
might
be
more
towards
peers
talking
to
each
other
at
some
point
and
standards
coming
about
for
handling
this
stuff
and
and
yes,
all
the
governments
is
super
important,
but
I'm
also
a
little
leery
of
architecture
slides
where
there's
one
blockchain
to
rule
them
all
on
the
bottom
layer.
A
I
has
been
that
way.
Even
when
I
worked
at
consensus
and
seeing
his
theory,
public
aetherium
is
gonna,
be
the
end-all,
be-all
network,
I,
think
the
network
of
networks
approach
and
the
interoperability
and
the
standards
in
the
IETF
kind
of
way
that
we
got
to
the
Internet
as
it
exists
today
will
be
the
way
that
this
works
going
forward.
I
think
it's
important
and
other
speakers
at
this
conference
have
noted
that
the
results
of
kind
of
a
single
sign
on
ooo,
Open,
ID
Connect,
has
been
surveillance.
Kaplan
has
been
Cambridge
analytic.
A
It
has
been
kind
of
collusion
among
the
big
parties
to
share
your
data.
That's
not
what
we
want,
but
we
also
don't
want
kind
of
siloed
block
chains
that
don't
have
any
use
out
of
their
own
their
own
silo.
We
want
kind
of
a
global
system
for
this
kind
of
stuff.
I
am
encouraged
when
I
see
interoperability,
evidence
of
it
like
this,
or
at
least
the
evidence
of
desiring
it.
A
You
know
here
the
evident
eeeem
is
congratulating
the
you
port
team
from
from
consensus
on
some
of
this
stuff
and
I
can't
predict
who's
gonna,
you
know
come
out
with
the
best
standards
moving
forward,
but
I'm
very
encouraged
at
some
of
the
w3c
work
and
I
should
also
mention.
Last
summer,
I
was
very
encouraged,
I'm,
not
sure
if
Stephen
currents
in
the
room
but
I
was
in
Braden.
Thank
you
seeing
like
this
really
encouraged
me
last
summer.
We
started
talking
about
Ares,
and
this
is
an
example
of
a
diagram
on
the
left.
A
I
saw
this
diagram
take
up
the
full
screen
yesterday
and
people
were
taking
screenshots
of
it
to
me,
the
big
AHA
was
more
on
the
right,
and
maybe
it's
not
the
prettiest
diagram
in
the
world,
but
the
notion
of
pluggable
blockchain
support
on
the
top
versus
having
that
be
on
the
bottom.
That
was
just
kind
of
an
AHA
for
me
and
I
liked
that
diagram
better.
It
might
just
be
a
different
way
to
think
about
the
problem.
A
I
was
also
at
a
tech
conference
speaking
it
one
up
in
Redmond
last
year,
and
someone
said
this
turn
this
phrase.
If
you
don't
have
a
device,
what
are
you
doing
here
and
it
was
a
joke
and
it
was
about
hey?
Let's
do
some
voting
online.
Do
you
like
the
speaker,
that
kind
of
thing
break
out
your
slide
on
your
phone
and
answer
this
question
and
I've
seen
ads
like
this
one
on
the
left.
A
We
are
working
with
borrowers,
who
look
like
this,
who
may
not
have
a
thousand
dollar
phone
and
may
not
have
a
phone
who
may
not
have
an
access
to
a
infrastructure
that
can
even
give
them
cheap
enough
bandwidth
to
be
able
to
communicate
over
a
cell
phone
I've
been
encouraged
by
folks
like
Daniel
Hardman,
who
have
promoted
things
like
paper
sovereign?
How
would
you
support
someone
who
doesn't
have
a
physical
device
if
they
just
end
up
in
a
refugee
camp
and
there's
been
some
really
good?
A
A
We
take
it
for
granted
right
now
that
the
lights
are
gonna
stay
on
in
this
room,
and
then
my
presentation
will
continue
and
there's
recording
and
all
that
and
that
all
requires
electricity.
This
is
a
ship
sitting
off
of
Freetown
in
Sierra
Leone
that
has
a
bunch
of
diesel
generators
on
it,
and
the
power
goes
out
fairly.
Often
in
that
city,
the
power
goes
out
fairly
often
in
the
government.
A
The
government
database
Center
data
center,
so
I
mentioned
there's
also
kind
of
just
bandwidth
challenges
as
well,
but
the
electricity
limitations
are
difficult
and
we've
put
in
some.
You
know
ups
systems
on
kind
of
the
more
hardcore
government,
databases-
and
you
know
we'll
do
what
we
can
do
and
maybe
solar
will
micro
solar.
What
nanosolar
will
get
there?
Eventually
in
decades,
but
for
right
now,
we've
got
some
challenges
there.
A
So
what's
been
talked
about
in
terms
of
Kiva
protocol.
Well,
I
can't
control
what
people
in
the
world
say
about
this
project.
A
lot
of
people
get
super
excited
about
it.
You
men's
you
may
have
heard
Brian
mention
it
in
his
keynote
yesterday
we
just
heard
down
Tapscott
mention
it
in
his
keynote
this
morning
and
people
will
say
all
kinds
of
things
about
this
project
is
if
it's
perfect
and
exists
today,
and
it's
working
super
well
and
I
can't
totally
refute.
A
That
I
think
it's
a
great
project,
but
let
me
tell
you
kind
of
where
it's
at
with
some
level
of
accuracy
and
where
we
have
challenges
and
where
we're
going
with
this
so
phase,
one
has
been
described
in
Prior
talks
by
myself
and
others
as
a
citizen
skins,
their
finger
into
a
to
get
kind
of
this
know
your
customer
type
of
situation
happening
like
a
customer
literally
walks
into
a
bank
branch.
There's
a
teller
there
that
machine,
the
teller
has
is
equipped
with
a
fingerprint
reader.
A
Kiva
has
installed
software
on
that
banking
computer
and
like
hooked
up
the
USB
port
and
all
that,
and
it
has
a
live
connection
to
key
both
servers
which
have
connection
to
the
government
database.
So
this
part
is
actually
live.
We
are
in
pilot,
we
are
in
multiple
banks
in
in
Sierra
Leone,
and
this
is
working
and
we're
learning
we're
learning
about
user
education,
teller,
education,
you
saw
Nancy
in
the
video
say:
I
always
have
my
fingerprint.
You
know
with
me,
but
she
might
not
remember
her
government
ID.
She
knows
her
name.
A
She
knows
a
few
other
place.
You
know
aspects
of
her
life
and
there
might
be
enough
information
there,
along
with
a
liveness
test
by
someone
who
works
in
the
banking
system
and
along
with
some
biometrics.
Now.
This
is
also
the
first
project.
I've
worked
on
personally
that
that
you've
kind
of
deeply
involved
biometrics.
You
know
I
turned
on
this
laptop
today
with
my
fingerprint
I
look
at
my
iPhone
and
it
does
facial
recognition.
A
I
think
we're
all
collectively
as
humans
getting
used
to
computers
kind
of
like
taking
some
biometrics
from
us,
but
I'm
uneasy
about
it.
When
someone
can
use
my
fingerprint
or
take
a
finger
of
my
picture
of
my
fingerprint
and
use
it
to
pretend
to
be
me-
and
we
all
should
be
concerned
about
stuff
like
that-
so
just
know
we're
taking
this
very
seriously
and
the
liveness
test
is
super
important.
A
So
this
is
what
we're
currently
doing
now
and
a
lot
of
presentations
on
Kiva
protocol
just
kind
of
skip
on
to
the
next
step,
but
I
want
to
go
back
a
little
bit.
The
phase
zero
2.9
of
this
project
is
just
worth
thinking
about
for
a
minute
kiba's
been
around
for
15
years,
we're
not
a
start-up.
The
keto
protocol
is
essentially
being
run
as
a
start-up
within
a
larger.
A
You
know,
parent
company,
if
you
will
but
we're
you
know
a
dozen
or
so
employees
and
a
bunch
of
volunteers
working
on
this
stuff
and
we've
got
people
staying
long
periods
in
Sierra,
Leone
in
Sierra,
Leone,
in-country
or
staying
at
least
in
the
time
zone.
Maybe
Londyn
from
time
to
time-
and
you
know
we're
we're
on
the
ground
and
I'll-
show
you
some
examples
of
that
soon.
A
There's
a
ton
of
coordination
with
government
entities
and
banking
entities
and
regulators
and
global
thinkers
about
how
we
can
introduce
this
into
other
countries
that
has
some
overhead
to
it.
That
has
you,
know,
slowed
the
project
down
from
like
say
a
typical
San
Francisco
startup.
That's
doing
some
cloud-based
thing
that
they
can
just
kind
of
put
out
there
for
the
world
and
ramp
to
a
million
users
in
a
day
or
so
that
we've
had
some
user
interface
testing.
Like
I've
mentioned,
we've
had
performance
and
load
testing
that
we've
done.
A
I
also
mentioned
that
I
come
from
a
software
security
background
I
spent
15
years
in
the
space
at
companies
like
Symantec
and
McAfee,
and
silence
and
I
have
taught
programmers
how
to
do
like
more
secure
code
and
avoid
buffer
overflows
and
sequel
injection,
and
things
like
that.
So
we've
had
teams
of
people.
Look
at
our
code
base.
Look
at
our
project.
Try
to
attack
it.
You
know,
show
hey.
We
found
a
weakness
in
this
area.
Let's
fix
that
before
we
go,
live
I.
A
Think
these
kinds
of
activities
get
short
shrift
at
some
conferences
like
this
and
we
just
say:
hey.
We
invented
this
thing:
here's
the
architecture
we
built
it
and
it's
shipping.
It's
very
important
to
do
these
kind
of
activities
and
keep
has
been
investing
in
that
here
are
some
of
the
coordination
challenges.
These
are
pictures
of
my
colleagues
on
the
ground
in
Sierra
Leone,
working
with
regulators
working
with
the
banking
system,
getting
this
system
kind
of
slowly
up
to
speed
and
seeing
what
works
and
what
doesn't?
How
do
you
presented
to
the
user?
A
What
is
informed
consent?
How
do
you
get
all
these
different
stakeholders
aligned
for
the
benefit
of
the
community
in
this
one
country
and
again
abstract
this
out?
The
next
country
we
go
to
and
we're
talking
to
a
lot
of
them
might
not
have
a
database
full
of
fingerprint
records.
How
are
we
gonna
how
we
going
to
authenticate
people,
you
know?
Is
it
going
to
be
Irish
scans?
Is
there
gonna
be
wrist
or
hand
scans?
Is
it's
just
gonna,
be
blind
trust
we'll
see
we'll
get
there?
A
Here's
an
architecture
diagram,
that's
super
simplified,
but
if
it's
a
way
that
you
can
think
about
what
we've
built
so
far
in
the
system,
so
the
green
bits
at
the
top
and
the
bottom
are
on
premise:
in
Sierra
Leone,
the
top
part
is
more
about
like
the
banking
system.
This
would
be
at
a
bank
or
at
a
microfinance
institution.
Maybe
someday
it'll,
be
you
know
just
on
somebody's
mobile
device
when
they're
out
on
a
moped
visiting
a
farmer
in
a
field
right,
but
for
right
now.
A
This
is
where
the
system
is
that
we
have
a
fingerprint
reader
installed
at
a
bank
connected
to
a
teller
machine.
There's
banking
software
there
that
Kiva
installs
some
software
on
to
be
able
to
talk
to
our
own
cloud,
hosted
micro
services
that
are
this,
I've
really
simplified
this,
but
we've
got
a
gateway
and
then
we've
got
some
credential
management.
We've
got
credit
tracking
in
the
works.
We've
got
some
off,
we've
got
some
matching
of
the
biometrics
and
these
are
all
hosted.
Web,
Services
micro
services.
A
Excuse
me
we're
also
working
with
an
external
authentication
provider
for
the
bank
employees
themselves
to
log
into
that
system.
Someday
they
might
as
well,
they
might
fingerprint
it
as
well.
That's
not
happening
today
we're
working
with
hyper
ledger
block
chains.
Now,
I've
I've
been
to
this
conference
for
a
day
and
a
half
now
and
I've
already
had
several
business
business
development.
People
from
different
companies
try
to
entice
me
to
use
their
kind
of
blockchain
as
a
service
or
hosted
blockchain
services.
Kiva
is
running
in
D
nodes
right
now.
A
Kiva
is
running
best
two
nodes
right
now,
our
ourselves
and
now,
what's
the
governance
of
that?
Well,
it's
Kiva
right
now
we
are
planning
to
open
that
up
to
others
running
that,
but
we
have
control
of
that
system
right
now.
So
it's
it's
not
sovereign
network.
It's
not
another
kind
of
it's!
Not
public
aetherium
will
might
keep
a
go
there
in
the
future.
Yeah
maybe.
But
this
is
what
we
have
today
and
we're
building
this
out.
A
We
also
have
a
separate
kind
of
cloud,
hosted
observability
system
for
logs
and
analytics
and
measuring
uptime
and
trying
to
deduce
problems
across
these
really
distributed
micro
services,
and
we
have
another
cloud
service.
That's
helping
kind
of
host
some
of
the
UI
that
gets
pulled
down
to
the
banking
system,
so
we
can
update
that
without
having
to
kind
of
have
a
massive
system
in
place
to
manage
that,
so
that
should
give
you
kind
of
just
a
picture
of
what
we've
built
so
far.
Now,
where
are
we
going
from
here?
A
Well,
one
of
the
next
steps
is
providing
credit
reports.
This
is
this
would
be
for
actors
in
the
system,
people
who've
taken
out
loans
to
be
able
to
prove
their
creditworthiness.
You
know
what
is
the
repayment
and
we
don't
want
to
be
Equifax
here,
but
we
want
to
kind
of
provide
a
way
to
track
information
about
people's
repayment
histories.
A
So
those
those
are
kind
of
the
next
two
phases
of
where
we're
going
again
phase
two
is
about
just
providing
credit
reports.
Phase
three,
these
might
be,
might
reverse.
This
is
work,
that's
ongoing
in
the
field
and
they're.
You
know,
I'm
not
gonna,
share
more
than
I
shed
today
about
just
where
we're
at
on
these
things,
but
that's
how
you
should
think
about
the
project.
We've
got
identity,
working
and
we're
building
out
the
credit
solutions.
A
Some
challenges
are
the
fraud
and
deception
are
rife.
I
again,
I
come
from
software
security.
So,
if
you
show
me
a
system,
I
will
think
about
how
to
break
it.
It's
just
naturally,
where
my
brain
goes
to
and
there's
a
lot
of
theft
and
thievery
in
the
world.
I've
talked
to
experts
who
have
worked
at
say,
American
Express
for
20
years,
and
if
you
get
20
small
companies
to
start
vouching
for
each
other
and
then
they
all
leave
the
AMEX
system
in
mass,
that's
really
hard
to
try
to
predict
in
your
fraud
modeling.
A
You
know,
Google's
had
the
same
problem
with
PageRank
and
all
these
sites
kind
of
pointed
to
each
other,
but
they're
all
just
ripoff
sites.
There
is
some
machine
learning
and
AI
techniques
that
might
help
with
that,
but
there's
some
really
sophisticated
attacks
here
that
we
want
to
ultimately
try
to
prevent
against.
In
this
case,
some
of
the
stewardship
and
trust
models
that
are
coming
out
of
the
SSI
world
may
make
sense.
A
We
also
wanted
to
kind
of
separate
our
identity
management
system
from
our
credit
tracking
system.
If
you
take
a
system
like
Indy
that
was
purpose-built
for
identity,
it
would
be
possible,
I
think,
but
probably
not
practical
or
easy
to
build
a
credit
tracking
system
on
that,
and
maybe
there's
folks
from
every
name
in
the
room.
Who
would
disagree
with
that?
But
that's
my
current
understanding
and
so
we're
looking
to
more
of
a
system
where
there's
kind
of
broad-based,
smart
contracts
that
can
do
things.
A
I've
mentioned
some
of
these
as
well
that
biometric
confirmations,
like
a
fingerprint,
can
be
used
to
confirm,
like
in
Nancy's
case
in
the
video
she
was
literally
providing
consent
by
putting
her
fingerprint
down
there,
she
might
have
looked
at
information
on
the
bank
screen
and
said.
Yes,
this
is
all
accurate,
but
in
other
cases
she
might
have
moved
recently
and
the
government
doesn't
have
her
updated
address.
One
bank
does
another:
Bank
has
a
even
older
address.
How
do
we
synchronize
these
things?
How
do
we
know
that
she's
the
authority
to
say
where
she's
living?
A
Can
she
prove
it
through
other
means?
Does
she
have
verifiable
credentials
from
her
utility
company
or
her
mobile
phone
company
or
others
in
her
in
her
neighborhood?
Who
can
help
track
her
down
because
we're
building
a
system
here
that
will
also
eventually
work
for
shopkeepers,
who
want
to
extend
credit
and
track
the
payment
rehidden,
the
payment
bridge,
the
repayment
history.
A
This
is
also
the
first
project
I
can
think
of
where
it's
so
explicit
that
one
of
the
executive
sponsors
of
the
project
might
turn
and
be
corrupt
and
try
to
subvert
the
project.
I
mean
I'm.
Sure
I've
worked
on
him
before
you
know
my
board
of
directors
or
some
nefarious
actors
made
me
think.
I
was
working
on
something
good
and
then
they
just
want
to
exploit
it
later.
A
You
can
probably
think
of
companies
where
you
think
of
the
employees
as
being
good
people,
but
there's
some
people
at
the
top
that
do
some
sinister
things
in
this
case,
like
let's
just
think
through
this
example,
Sierra
Leone
has
had
many
governments
and
coos
over
the
past
few
years,
and
citizens
sometimes
have
to
flee
places
like
Sierra,
Leone
or
like
Syria
or
like
Turkey
or
etc.
Right
and
climate
change
might
drive
some
of
this
in
the
future
as
well,
where
it's
just
kind
of
act
of
God
stuff.
A
But
if
you've
got
a
government
like
say
the
current
government
of
Sierra,
Leone
and
they're
issued
an
ID
and
a
citizen's
starts
tracking
their
creditworthiness
and
other
things
like
may,
their
education
credits
or
their
health,
and
things
like
this
and
some
government
sees
them
as
a
dissenter
and
wants
to,
like
you,
know,
exit
them
or
and
end
their
history.
How
do
we
protect
the
citizen
against
that?
If
the
government
themselves
was
the
sponsor
of
the
original
system?
A
That
is
a
case
where
black
chains
may
be
able
to
help
when
there's
a
more
broad
governance
and
there's
there's
actors
like
the
UN
and
and
Kiva
and
other
microfinance
institutions
and
other
countries
that
can
support
the
system.
So
our
goal
here
is
to
make
it
such
that
when
someone
is
in
the
system
and
builds
a
credit
history,
that's
transportable
that
is
portable
across
borders.
That
is
portable
across
time
to
the
extent
that
they
want
it
to
be,
and
some
aspects
of
it
are
private.
A
But
I
think
this
is
another
space
where
the
SSI
community
gets
a
little
tangled
up
when
I
hear
phrases
like
your
data,
because
when
you
take
out
a
loan
with
another
counterparty
you're
the
subject,
but
it's
not
your
data
right,
so
you
don't
get
full
privacy
on
whether
you
defrauded
someone
who
gave
you
some
money
right.
It's
that
should
be
information
that
the
next
lender
should
be
able
to
get
about
you
now,
maybe
there's
a
time
limit.
A
We
don't
look
back
more
than
seven
years
in
this
country
or
we
tend
not
to
look
at
bankruptcy
is
like
your
unbelief,
but
there
are
constraints
and
limits
here
that
need
to
be
worked
with,
and
this
slide
is
attempting
to
get
at
just
some
of
the
challenges
of
when
bad
things
happen
to
good
people.
How
do
we
support
those
good
people?
A
It
might
work
for
some,
so
maybe
some
can
kind
of
exit
having
their
identity
and
their
credit
tracking
hosted
or
their
at
least
the
private
key
material
hosted
by
another
entity,
and
maybe
they
want
to
put
that
in
their
pocket
or
on
a
thumb,
drive
or
spread
or
out
throughout
their
community.
In
some
way.
I've
also
mentioned
data
access
issues
and
sometimes
there's
delay
tolerances.
We've
we've
got
this
down,
but
we'll
test
from
San
Francisco
or
from
Portland
Oregon
where
I
live,
and
you
know
hitting
AWS
servers.
A
The
ping
is
pretty
quick,
but
from
Sierra
Leone
there
can
be
severe
challenges,
getting
to
databases
and
then
just
it's
an
educational
issue
that'll
be
ongoing
teaching
actors
in
the
system
about
how
it
does
work,
how
it
might
work,
how
it
used
to
work
last
week,
but
now
it
works
this
way
differently.
These
are
all
kind
of
constant
challenges
of
most
software
systems
that
are
no
different,
and
where
are
we
going
from
here?
A
Well,
the
whole
purpose
of
this
project
is
to
kind
of
drive
down
the
cost
of
capital
to
get
into
these
areas
in
the
world
where
people
you
know,
want
a
better
lives
for
themselves.
They
might
be
great
local,
small
business
people
that
just
need
to
expand
their
business.
They've
got
a
working
system
where
they've
got
you
know
three
cows
and
they
want
to
buy
a
fourth
one
or
they've
got
20
chickens.
A
So
that's
that's
what
we're
trying
to
do
here
and
there's
a
lot
of
unlocked
capital
that
would
love
to
flow
into,
let's
say
the
continent
of
Africa
and
get
good
rates
of
repayment
and
get
you
know.
B
it'd
be
a
good
social
good.
That
also
makes
money
and
makes
a
return
for
investors,
and
that's
part
of
what
Kiva
is
trying
to
do
here
is
introduce
technology
and
systems
and
trust
into
this.
A
These
parts
of
the
world
that
you
know
among
us,
like
one
out
of
eight
every
eight
people
on
the
planet,
doesn't
have
a
way
to
kind
of
build
credit
and
to
to
be
financially
included
into
a
larger
system
than
themselves
right
now.
So
I
mentioned
we're
in
discussions
with
other
countries
where
we're
not
going
to
end
in
Sierra.
A
Those
who
are
kind
of
displaced
for
whatever
reason
out
of
out
of
countries
and
be
able
to
kind
of
show
up
and
reconstitute
one's
some
aspects
of
one's
life
and
identity,
and
not
just
literally
lose
everything
and
leave
everything
related
to
your
past.
When
you
have
to
kind
of
move
out
of
a
dangerous
area.
A
So
here's
my
typical
plea
at
the
end
of
these
talks,
you
know
help
join
us.
If
you
think
this
stuff
is
interesting,
there's
been
a
number
of
you
in
this
room,
who
have
been
very
supportive
and
very
helpful
if
Kiva
Veuve
helped
educate
me
and
some
of
the
how
the
hyper
ledger
stuff
works.
We
are,
you
know,
we're
hiring.
We've
we've
been
hiring
for
this
team
for
a
while,
and
we
also
have
a
lot
of
volunteers.
A
We
have
trustees,
we
have
folks
working
on
the
ground
for
internships,
and
things
like
this
that
are
that
are
available.
So
please
check
out
Kiva.
We
also
I,
think
I
mentioned
launched
a
mobile
app
recently
that
can
get
you
thinking
about
all
the
people
in
the
world.
You
might
be
to
help
with
your
your
spare
money
or
your
idle
capitalist
just
sitting
there.
A
When
you
make
a
key
ballon,
you
actually
get
that
money
back
and
then
you
can
loan
out
to
someone
else,
and
if
you
want
to
withdraw
your
money
from
the
kippah
system,
you
can
it's.
It's
not
pure
charity,
where
you're
just
giving
someone
money
and
then
walking
away
you're
you're,
enabling
them
to
use
that
money,
and
then
it
comes
back
to
you
and
I
also
like
putting
this
slide
up.
Just
to
tell
you
about
about
the
company
I'm
working
for
here.
A
These
are
six
Kiva
core
values
that
are
taken
pretty
seriously
around
the
place
and
they
help
align
us
all
in
our
thinking
about
what
we're
doing
and
why
so
we
we
definitely
value
the
impact
we
have
on
the
world.
You'll
see
it
was
quoting
the
impact
a
lot,
but
it's
a
company,
that's
been
around
for
15
years
and
has
had
a
lot
of
impact
around
the
world
and
it's
done
a
lot
of
good
and
there's
an
aspect.
A
It's
a
little
bit
military
of
extreme
ownership,
and
there
was
a
book
by
that
title
by
a
military
guy.
It
was
like
you
know,
on
the
campaign
and
the
mission,
but
it
really
stands
kind
of
this
personal
accountability
for
for
what
you're
doing
which
drives
meaning
in
your
life.
I
mentioned
that
eighty-one
percent
of
our
loans
go
to.
A
Women
were
definitely
about
inclusion
and
diversity
and
equity
and
being
inquisitive
and
asking
questions
and
kind
of
challenging
assumptions
on
systems-
and
you
know
thinking
like
an
attacker
I
think
is
a
skill-
that's
pretty
valuable
there
and
can
I.
You
know
not
continuously
doing
that
as
a
denial-of-service
attack
on
the
project,
but
in
making
forward
motion,
but
also
thinking
wisely
about
risks.
We
try
to
do
the
right
thing
in
the
most
right
way
and
we
try
to
have
this
kind
of
love
and
kindness
always
now.
A
Do
we
sometimes
send
snarky
slack
messages
to
each
other
and
we're
kid
and
we
kid
around
like
yeah
we're
not.
We
do
have
senses
of
humor
at
the
place,
but
that's
a
nice
thing
to
see
a
company
value
because
I've
worked
in
in
fin
tech.
I
worked
at
big
banks
and,
let's
just
say
they
can
be
pretty
mean
places
at
times
when
people
value
money
more
than
they
value.
Let's
say
the
other
humans
and
the
humanistic
nature
of
those
you're
dealing
with
so
I
appreciate
these
things
about
about
my
current
employer
and
with
that.