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From YouTube: Internet Society Board of Trustees Meeting 163-Day 2
Description
Internet Society Board of Trustees Meeting 163-Day 2
A
B
That
all
right,
great
sorry
about
that,
so
thank
you.
Everyone,
these
slides
circulated.
I
think
that
probably
you
notice
that
there's
a
lot
of
text
in
them.
This
is
an
effort
to
try
to
include
a
number
of
stories
that
were
left
out.
The
previous
version
we
reported
just
on
the
numbers
and
people
suggested
that
perhaps
more
color
was
necessary.
So
this
is
an
attempt
to
provide
you
with
that
color,
but
I'm
not
going
to
read
all
of
this
text
or
so
on.
B
B
First
of
all,
that
there's
been
a
significant
improvement
in
the
in
the
in
our
ability
to
capture
our
to
capture
our
goals
and
the
results
of
those
goals
so
that
we've
got
you
know
a
regular
pattern
of
making
commitments
in
the
action
plan,
and
then
you
know,
reporting
back
to
the
community
so
that
people
can
see
hey.
You
know
we
did
these
things
or
we
did
did
not
or
whatever,
and
that's
you
know,
that's
one
thing
that
I
think
is
is
a
positive
trend.
B
The
the
staff
have
been
working
on
that
over
the
last
several
years,
and
it's
one
of
the
things
that
we
we
see
here.
The
second
on
piece
of
this
is
the
extent
to
which
all
of
these
efforts
revolve
around
collaboration
with
the
community
and
with
our
wider
set
of
participants
within
the
work
that
we
do.
The
internet
society
is
tiny
on
the
scale
of
the
of
the
problems
that
face
the
internet
we
have
to.
We
have
to
collaborate
with
lots
and
lots
of
other
people.
B
It's
the
only
way
that
we're
ever
going
to
achieve
any
of
this,
and
so
I
think
that
that
is
a
a
thing
that
you
can
see
throughout
this
and
I'll
be
highlighting
it
as
we
go
along.
But
it's
one
of
the
things
that
I
wanted
to
draw
to
your
attention
as
one
of
the
themes.
So
next
slide,
please
kevin
and
next
please.
B
I
think,
as
I
mentioned
already
there,
there's
lots
and
lots
of
evidence
here,
a
very,
very
strong,
positive
move
within
the
community.
We
have
lots
and
lots
of
partner
organizations,
lots
and
lots
of
engagements
throughout
the
year
and
plenty
of
training,
and
you
know
opportunities
for
people
to
gain
technical
knowledge
and
so
forth,
and
that's
all
part
of
part
of
the
goals
that
we've
set
for
ourselves.
Next,
please.
B
B
But
the
critical
thing
about
community
networks
is
that
they
are
designed
around
the
problems
that
the
communities
who
are
affected
have
so
it's
really
not
just
about
building
networks
and
and
ensuring
connectivity,
but
making
sure
that
people
have
the
tools
in
their
hands
to
be
able
to
do
these
things
themselves
and
that's
been
a
very
big
part
of
what
we
work
on
with
community
networks,
and
so
you
can
see,
there's
a
lot
of
training
and
so
forth.
That
is
part
of
the
part
of
the
effort
here.
B
Next
piece,
kevin
and
the
result
of
this
is
is
quite
positive.
We
have
a
large
number
of
of
these
that
were
achieved.
We
aimed
for
10,
we
did
33,
so
there's
a
you
know.
Obviously
we
exceeded
the
goals
there,
but
all
of
these
goals
next
slide.
Please
all
of
these
goals
were
achieved,
and
I
think
that
this
is
a
you
know
a
valuable
thing
for
us
to
recognize.
Hey,
we've
actually
exceeded
our
our
goals.
B
The
other
part
of
it
is
the
community
development
making
sure
that
the
network
operations
communities
around
the
world
are
are
capable
of
administering
this
kind
of
infrastructure
so
that
it
is
not
infrastructure
that
somebody
is
bringing
in
and
dropping
on
people,
and
then
they
have
to
you
know
scramble
to
to
keep
it
in
good
in
good
operational
condition.
So
those
are
the
two
components
of
this.
B
This
doesn't
have
a
perfect
analog
in
the
current
2022
action
plan
because
we
broke
these
into
two
parts
in
order
to
be
able
to
see
them
a
little
bit
more
clearly,
but
I'm
there
together
in
this
one.
Next,
please
kevin
again
goals
here
were
were
were
well
achieved.
There
were
a
number
of
a
number
of
these
that
were
exceeded,
sometimes
quite
dramatically.
You
can
see
there,
for
instance,
their
number
of
partnerships
was
was
very
much
exceeded,
and
I
think
that
this
is
a.
B
This
is
a
positive
development
within
the
organization
that
we
continue
to
develop
these
relationships
with
other
organizations.
Next,
please
one
of
the
things
that
I'm
especially
pleased
about
here
is
the
training
we.
We
spent
a
lot
of
money.
You
know
and
really
significant
investment
in
in
training
efforts
over
the
last
couple
of
years
in
order
to
develop
our
capacity
there
and
what
you
can
see
here
is
you
know
we
figured
oh,
maybe
500
people
will
take
this
network
operations
training
and
it
you
know,
demand
was
completely
overwhelmed.
B
In
fact,
we
couldn't
keep
up
with
the
with
the
demand,
so
this
was
this
was
sort
of
a
capacity
limitation.
We
couldn't
go
any
further,
but
this
is
you
know
very,
very
heartening
from
my
point
of
view,
because
it
tells
us,
oh,
we
decided
to
invest
in
that
yeah
there's
real
demand
for
it,
and
it
shows
that
you
know
we
can
provide
the
kind
of
support
that
the
community
needs
in
order
to
develop
in
order
to
develop
this
capacity.
B
The
last
area
in
in
this
set
of
projects
is
the
measuring
of
the
internet.
You
will
recall
that
at
the
beginning
of
the
year
we
discovered
that
we
named
the
measurement
tool
something
incorrect,
so
we
renamed
it.
So
that
is
the
pulse
platform
that
you
have
heard
so
much
about
recently
and
this
ability
was
sort
of
slow
to
take
off
initially,
because
of
course,
it
was
a
capacity
that
we
had
to.
B
We
had
to
develop
and
we
don't
have
the
measurement
probes
necessary
to
do
this,
so
we've
had
to
develop
it
alongside
partner
organizations
and
get
the
measurements
for
other
people,
but
it
has
become
a
clearinghouse
that
has
been
really
quite
effective
for
for
other
organizations
ted.
I
see
your
hand.
A
Yeah,
I
just
wanted
to
ask
a
quick
question
on
the
on
the
data
you're
collecting
for
internet
shutdowns.
Obviously,
as
you
note
here,
it's
a
frequent
topic:
how
how
easy
has
it
been
to
tie
that
into
the
impact
reports?
Is
there
kind
of
a
a
standard
way
of
doing
that
now,
or
is
that
something
that
you're
looking
to
develop.
B
B
One
problem
that
we've
had
is
that
people,
you
know,
often
ask
well,
is
it
an
outage
or
not,
and
the
the
problem
with
answering
that
question
is
that
the
internet?
You
know
given
the
way
it
works.
It's
not
really
a
binary
answer,
and
so
what
we
have,
what
we've
had
so
far
is
an
effort
to
say:
oh,
not
only
is
this
an
outage,
it's
a
declared
outage.
It's
like
it's
an
intentional
thing
that
a
government
has
done
what
we've
discovered
in
the
last.
B
You
know
few
months
is
that
well
the
way
we
define
this
is
not
completely
intuitive
for
people,
so
we
may
actually
have
to
adjust
some
of
the
meaning
and
so
on.
Nevertheless,
I
mean
this
is
part
of
the
storytelling
that
we're
trying
to
you
know
we're
trying
to
get
better
at
as
an
organization,
and
I
think
that
what
you
see
is
that
the
blog
posts,
for
instance
around
around
measurement,
have
driven
a
lot
of
traffic
towards
us.
B
We've
ended
up
with
a
lot
of
people
interested
in
what
we
have
to
say
about
this
topic,
because
we're
able
to
show
using
the
data
why
why
the
shutdowns
are
having
the
effect
that
they
are
why
the
various
activities
of
various
people
are
having
the
effects
that
they
are
and
and
what
it
means
for
people
who
are.
Who
are
you
know
inside
a
cone?
That's
been
shut
down
in
some
way.
A
So
I
suspect
there
also
might
be
some
different
audiences
here
that
might
be
interested
in
in
slightly
different
language.
I
had
a
conversation
last
week
with
brian
trammell
at
the
itf,
and
one
of
the
things
that
he's
looked
at,
for
this
is
weighted,
reachability
impairment
as
a
message
as
a
method,
and
so
reachability
impairment
as
a
percentage
is
sort
of
useless,
because
there's
lots
of
places
that
you
don't
actually
ever
send
in
traffic
and
the
fact
that
you
can't
reach
them
has
relatively
lim
impact.
A
The
weighted
reachability
impairment
that
he
was
working
on
looks
particularly
at
your
your
pre-event
traffic
flows
and
says
how
many
of
these
traffic
flows
are
impaired
by
this
activity
right
and
so.
The
definition
of
when
you
get
to
impairment
is
like
pretty
much
anything
over.
15
percent
begins
to
look
like.
It
can't
possibly
be
accidental
right
that
that
level
of
impairment
is
action,
and
then
you
go
all
the
way
to
none
of
it
is
available,
which
means
you've
been
you.
A
You
yourself
have
been
cut
off,
so
it
I
think,
for
the
manners
community
and
the
people
that
we
talk
to
who
have
a
fair
amount
of
routing
experience
or
or
organizational
experience
with
it.
That
kind
of
weighted
metric
is
relatively
easy
for
them
to
understand
and
to
to
consider
putting
into
their
own
reporting
et
cetera,
but
for
the
general
public,
it's
a
little
bit
too
inside
baseball,
and
I
really
commend
you
for
the
the
blog
posts
that
have
been
there.
I
think
they've
been
very
useful.
A
I
think
there
is
still
a
little
bit
of
a
storytelling
challenge
as
you,
as
you
were
saying
before.
How
do
you
take
this
and
say
you
know,
15
of
what
you
used
to
be
able
to
do
is
now
cut
off
from
you
20
is
you
know
these
are
the
walls
closing
in
and
the
story
about,
the
walls
closing
in
is
a
little
bit
harder
to
tell
than
the
lights
went
off,
but
it's
still
really
important,
and
I
encourage
you
to
continue
working
on
it.
B
Well,
one
of
the
things
that's
interesting,
actually
kevin.
You
can
go
to
the
next
slide.
One
of
the
things
that's
been
interesting
is
the
the
way
in
which
people
have
responded
to
these
requests.
So
you
can
see
here,
for
instance,
you
know
we
were
sort
of
hoping.
Oh
maybe
we
get
like
three
people
who
are
willing
to
contribute
some
data
to
us
and
so
on,
and
instead
we
got
17..
B
We've
got
this
here,
so
this
is.
This
is
prospective
rather
than
retrospective,
but
this
year
we've
also
just
engaged
or
just
begun
to
engage
with
an
economist
to
help.
Do
some
of
the
analysis
that
we
want
to
do
with
respect
to
that,
because
I
think
you
know
the
economic
dimension
of
this
is
really
really
important
and
it's
one
of
the
areas
where
we
have
been
a
little
bit
weak,
so
we're
trying
to
improve
that.
We
also
did
some
work
on
trying
to
measure
what
centralization
meant.
B
B
If,
if
you
only
had
really
five
paths
prior
to
any
kind
of
interruption,
then
you
know
it's
pretty
easy
to
get
to
15
of
that
thing,
not
working
and-
and
I
think
that
that's
one
of
the
one
of
the
critical
things
we
need
to
understand.
You
know,
to
what
extent
is
the
internet
really,
you
know
being
driven
towards
just
a
few
operators?
This
is
a
thing.
B
You
know
that
we
hear
a
lot,
for
instance
from
from
jeff
houston,
who
says
you
know
everybody's
only
going
to
like
google
and
and
netflix
and
a
few
other
things,
and
if
that's
really
true,
then
you
know
our
story
about
how
the
internet
enables
people
is.
It
has
its
own
problems
right,
because
what
that
tells
us
is
that
there's
a
certain
amount
of
of
erosion
that
is
happening
to
the
very
idea
of
the
internet
and
under
those
circumstances,
it's
not
surprising
that
people
think
oh
well.
B
We
can
just
do
this
shutdown
because
we
only
have
to
negotiate
with
these
five
other
companies,
and
that
is
a
public
policy
issue
that
we
see
over
and
over
again.
I
have
often
thought
that
you
know
the
the
arguments
that
we
hear
right
now
are
very
reminiscent
of
of
some
of
the
early
days
of
the
commercialization
of
the
internet,
where
it
seemed
a
lot
of
the
time
people
wanted
to
do.
B
Well,
if
you
can
get
the
actor
number
down
to
you
know
five
or
six,
you
really
can
get
them
into
a
room
and
you
know
give
them
a
good
talking
to
and
and
that
presents
an
opportunity
for
those
who
want
to
enclose
the
internet
in
in
various
ways,
and
so
that's
a
another
another
area
that
we're
trying
to
analyze
through
this
platform.
It's
not
just
outages,
but
you
know
all
of
these
different
dimensions
that
contribute
to
fragility
of
the
internet.
A
One
of
the
interesting
things,
though,
about
the
regulatory
response
that
we're
seeing
both
initially
from
gdpr
and
now
from
some
of
the
european
data,
governance
and
and
sovereignty,
issues
that
have
been
raised.
Data
sovereignty
issues
that
have
been
raised
is
essentially
speaking,
there's
no
bar
to
new
entrants,
and
so
you
know
the
the
normal
theoretical
response
to
these
five
people
were
hauled
into
a
room
and
told
what
four
is
it
gives
an
opportunity
for.
A
A
Impact
there
of
an
unintended
consequence
when
they
are
putting
forward
these
regulations,
they're
inadvertently,
creating
barriers
to
to
new
entrants
by
making
the
bars
to
to
managing
the
relationship
with
the
government,
a
serious
cost,
and
so
I
think
that's
something
that
everybody
has
an
intuition
about
this.
It
would
be
lovely
if
you
had
actual
data.
B
Yes,
that
is
totally
the
goal,
so
that's
one
of
the
things
that
we're
we're
looking
at
figuring
out,
okay.
Well,
how
do
you
measure
that
next
slide?
Please
kevin,
so
the
other
area
of
projects
that
we
we
build
are
about
strengthening
the
internet
next
slide,
please!
So
you
know
it's!
It's
no
good
to
have
a
big
but
weak
internet.
We
we
want
one
that
is,
is
resilient
and
strong
and
continues
to
work
to
work
properly.
B
It
has
been
a
very,
very
good
year
on
on
this
in
this
area.
We
have
really,
I
think,
achieved
very
much
what
we
set
out
to
do,
despite
the
fact
that
there
were
a
couple
of
of
measurements
that
we
we
missed
on.
The
the
overall
pattern
here
is
is
really,
I
think,
very,
very
strong.
Next
slide,
please.
B
In
particular,
this
internet
way
of
networking
project
gives
us
a
framework
in
which
the
organization's
goals
can
be
understood,
and
what
we've
seen
is
a
number
of
people
have
have
picked
up
on
this.
So
we've
got
now
tools,
we
not
j,
we
don't
just
have
the
you
know
the
the
critical
properties
we
have,
these
enablers
that
allow
us
to
understand.
Okay.
Well,
what
are
the
things
that
you
actually
need
in
order
to
have?
B
You
know
a
really
really
healthy
internet
and
we've
got
a
mechanism
by
which
we
can
analyze
attacks
on
that,
whether
they're
attacks
on
purpose?
That
is,
somebody
actually
trying
to
take
the
internet
down
or
accidental
efforts.
That
is,
somebody
decides.
Oh,
this
would
be
a
good
idea
and
then
discovers
that
what
they've
done
is
something
that
is
quite
bad
for
the
for
the
internet
itself,
and
both
of
these
things
are
parts
of
the
analysis
that
we
want
to
do.
B
We
we
talk
about
these
as
the
internet
impact
assessments
and
the
reason
we
talk.
That
way
is
because
it's
like
environmental
assessments
right
when
you,
when
you
build
a
a
road
or
an
airport
or
decide
to
build
a
dam
or
whatever
you
have
to
do
an
analysis
to
see
okay.
Well,
what's
it's
actually
going
to
do
not
just
oh
well,
we
want
a
dam
there.
You
know,
then
you
start
to
discover.
Oh,
but
it
kills
all
the
fish
and
it
destroys.
B
You
know
a
watershed
and
so
forth
and
that
suddenly
becomes
you
know
part
of
your
calculation
as
to
whether
this
is
a
good
thing
or
not.
We
don't
try
to
tell
you.
You
know,
try
to
tell
policymakers
what
their
policy
goal
ought
to
be.
What
we
try
to
do
is
provide
a
mechanism
by
which
people
can
analyze
this
and
say:
oh,
what's
this
actual,
what's
this
policy
actually
going
to
do
next
slide,
please
kevin!
B
So
that's
been
a
a
positive
effect.
We've
had
some
people
pick
this
up,
as
you
can
see.
In
particular,
again,
training
has
been
a
big,
a
big
focus
last
year,
and
we
see
that
you
know
twice
as
more
than
twice
as
many
people,
as
was
as
expected,
decided
to
take
this
course
and
and
and
to
understand
how
to
apply
these
tools
and
so
forth.
Next,
please.
B
Encryption
has
been
a
big
focus.
I
think
you
will.
You
know
all
have
noticed
that
we
we
talk
a
great
deal
about
encryption,
and
this
is
because
it's
a
fundamental
thing
necessary
to
keep
the
internet
healthy.
You
know,
we
understand
the
policy
reasons
why
people
find
encryption
to
be
frightening
or
dangerous
or
various.
B
You
know
kinds
of
things,
but
we
have
been
pushing
very,
very
hard
to
make
sure
that
people
understand
what
the
consequences
of
that
stance
are
and
and
we've
had
a
lot
of
very
positive
effects
through
our
coalition
with
a
number
of
other
a
number
of
other
members.
As
you
can
see,
we've
got
256
members.
Now,
in
that
coalition
we
had
an
enormous
number
of
people
participate
in
global
encryption
day.
Next,
please
kevin.
B
So
that
was
the
you
know,
one
of
the
really
really
big
results.
So
we've
had
you
know
very
positive
results
in
encryption,
advocacy
and
so
forth,
but
we
really
really
saw
a
lot
of
people
participate
in
global
encryption
day
and
they
you
know
there
was
a
huge
response
to
that.
So
it
was
a
positive
development.
B
D
Thanks
yeah,
so
yeah
super
glad
to
see
this.
This
positive
result
on
global
encryption
day.
I
was
wondering
if
you
could
comment
on
kind
of
what
the
plans
are
going
forward,
but
this
is
this.
You
know
intended
to
be
a
recurring
thing
annually,
or
are
there
any
lessons
learned
from
this
year
that
we
would
feed
into
changes
for
future
events?
Well,.
B
B
You
know,
attract
a
lot
of
attention
through
it
and
I
think
that,
under
the
current
circumstances,
we
should
continue
to
expect
these
kinds
of
advocacy
efforts,
because
you
know
the
the
story,
despite
the
fact
that
we've
had
you
know
a
lot
of
good
news.
We've
had
a
lot
of
attention
to
this.
We've
had
a
lot
of
partners
come
along
and
and
so
on.
B
The
the
legislative
news
is
not
great,
I
mean
it's,
it's
going
the
wrong
direction,
and
so
we
we
still
have
a
lot
of
work
to
do
there,
and
I
think
that
that's
you
know
that's
something
that
we're
going
to
continue.
At
the
same
time,
we've
had
chapters
pick
this
up
and
really
run
with
it
in
like
a
really
great.
There
was
a
great
example
in
belgium
where
the
law
was.
You
know,
the
proposed
legislation
was
terrible
and
the
chapter
said
hey.
We
need
some
help
on
this.
B
You
know
we
did
some
quick
advocacy
there
and
the
the
law
was
withdrawn,
the
legislation
was
was
withdrawn
and
it
was
rewritten
to
try
to
address
the
issues
that
were
like
really
fundamentally
an
attack
on
the
internet.
So
as
long
as
we
continue
to
have
those
kinds
of
successes,
I
think
what
you'll
see
are
these
are
these
efforts
I,
but
I
don't
know
that
we've
got
another
plan
for
global
encryption
day
this
year.
I
think
the
answer
was
no.
A
B
So
the
coalition
is,
I
mean
it
was
a
coalition
activity
right.
It
was
not
just
the
internet
society,
although
we
were,
we
were
obviously
participants
in
it
and
that's
part
of
the
difficulty
when
you're
doing
these
kinds
of
things
in
coalition
right,
you
got
to
get
everybody
to
be
willing
to
lift
at
the
same
time
and
if
everybody's
willing
to
lift
at
the
same
time,
then
you
can
do
the
event,
but
it
was
a
big
deal.
It
wasn't
just
a
big
deal
for
us.
B
It
was
a
big
deal
for
all
of
the
participants.
Part
of
that,
of
course,
is
because
we
had,
you
know
intended
to
like
reach
a
million
people,
and
we
got
four
well.
You
know
when
you
scale
that
way
it
turns
out.
Like
oh
we've
got
a
you
know,
we've
got
a
hurry,
but
we
you
know
we
we
were
able
to
get
some
sponsorship
for
that.
We
got
a
bunch
of
a
bunch
of
advert
sponsorship
that
was
very,
very
helpful
in
in
reaching
all
of
those
people,
and
so
it
was.
B
B
Manners
is
another
area
where
I
think
you
know
we're
continuing
to
build
on
prior
success,
and,
and
the
interesting
thing
about
manners
is
that
it
started
as
a
slow
burn
right.
This
was
something
that
built
very,
very
slowly.
The
early
efforts
people
were
sort
of
skeptical
as
to
whether
this
would
work,
but
by
building
the
community
and
developing
it.
What
we
found
is
people
have
come
on
board.
We've
now
got
key
vendors
who
are
involved.
B
B
It's
it's
really
very,
very
heartening,
because
what
we're
seeing
is
that
people
are
starting
to
to
use
this,
and
there
is
a
kind
of
tipping
point
right
after
which
you
get
to
some
point
and
when,
instead
of
it
being
you
know,
well,
10
of
them
are
rising,
and
so
on.
We
get
to
the
point
where
the
numbers
are
high
enough,
that
people
just
start
to
depend
on
that
on
that
mechanism
and
at
that
point
we'll
actually
have
achieved
a
great
deal
of
what
it
is
that
that
we're
aiming
to
do
next
slide.
D
B
These
are
straightforward
measures
as
well,
so
there
was
one
area
where
we
we're
not
able
to
meet
the
objective
in
here,
and
I
wanna
I
wanna-
you
know
highlight
this,
because
this
is
a
valuable
lesson
that
the
organization-
I
I
will
say,
hates
having
missed
targets
like
this,
but
I
think
it's
very
valuable
to
have
targets
that
you
missed,
because
it
tells
you
you
know.
Oh
here's
a
there's
a
place
that
we're
a
little
weaker
or
whatever.
B
Was
we
wanted?
You
know,
part
of
the
goal
was
on
a
conformance
improvement,
so
people
come
into
the
manners
project.
We
want
to
say:
oh
well,
you
know
this
is
what
you
were
like
at
the
beginning:
here's
what
you
were
like
at
the
end
and
what
we
were
hoping
was
that
gradually
we
would
see
improvements
so
that
people
were
coming
in.
They
were
actually
more
prepared
than
they
used
to
be.
That
was
the
that
was
the
idea.
B
It
turned
out
that
the
ways
we
were
measuring
this
would
work
and-
and
we
had
a
theory
about
how
it
was
going
to
work
and
so
on,
and
it
just
turned
out
that
the
observatory
itself
didn't
have
the
support
that
we
needed.
Okay
well
great
now
we
know
that
and
we
can
fix
it,
and
so
we've
got
a
theory
about
how
we're
gonna,
how
we're
gonna
fix
it
for
next
year,
but
this
is
this
is
a
goal
that
we
we
missed
next
slide.
Please.
B
Maybe
the
community
doesn't
really
want
this
to
be
an
internet
society
thing
where
the
internet
society
is
constantly
pushing,
but
rather
that
the
routing
communities
come
together
and
they
say
to
themselves.
Oh
actually.
This
is
something
that
we
want,
and
you
know,
ideally
that's
what
you
get
you
get
a
you
get
a
community
that
operates
this
way
and
not
every
you
know
not.
Every
network
operator
wants
to
be
a
member
of
the
internet
society
or
so
on.
B
I
would
like
them
to
be,
but
not
everyone
wants
to
be
so
so
the
the
manners
community
has
attempted
to
build
for
themselves.
An
organization
and
they've
got
a
community
charter.
That's
now
been
approved,
they've
had
an
election,
so
they've
got
a
steering
committee
and
so
forth.
The
steering
committee
is
now
driving
this
and
I
think
that's
an
entirely
on
positive
development.
It
really
should
not
be.
B
Please
now,
the
the
other
item
that
we
had
in
the
action
plan
are
are
not
so
much
projects
specific
things
that
we're
attempting
to
achieve,
but
rather
we're
trying
to
empower
people
to
to
to
deliver
the
things
that
they
want
to
deliver
and
and
that's
the
rest
of
the
work
that
on
the
internet
society
has
been
doing
so.
This
is
all
about
community
and
you
know,
capacity,
development
and
all
of
those
kinds
of
things,
and
so
that's
the
rest
of
this
report.
B
Next,
please,
this
is
a
you
know,
an
eye
chart
full
of
all
kinds
of
highlights,
because
this
is
a
big,
a
big
area
instead
of
quite
concrete
individually
separable
things.
You
know
this
is
really
a
lot
of
the
community
action
that
that
we
take,
and
that
makes
that
makes
this
text
heavy,
but
I'm
sure
you
can
all
read
it
next,
please,
the
first
sort
of
sub
category
within
this
is
this:
supporting
of
the
support
of
community
participation.
B
B
One
of
the
things
that
we've
noticed
in
the
discussion
from
the
governance
reform
group
is
that
there
are
a
number
of
people
who
are
dissatisfied
with
the
way
that
individual
membership
is
handled
at
the
internet
society,
which
is
weird
because,
of
course,
individual
membership
is
is
kind
of.
Like
you
know,
half
of
the
half
of
the
way
we
we
function
the
organizational
membership,
but
anybody
who's.
A
member
of
any
chapter,
has
to
be
a
member
of
the
internet
society
as
well.
So
you
would
think
that
we
would
we
would
have
a
solid.
B
You
know
a
solid
program
for
individual
membership.
It's
been
a
little
bit
weak,
and
so
we
decided
hey.
We
need
to
do
something
about
that,
and
so
that's
what
this
has
been
about.
I've
received
a
lot
of
feedback
about.
You
know
regular
membership
communications
that
have
been
going
on
and
so
forth.
That
has
been
improved.
People
have
responded
positively
to
to
to
that
member
newsletter
which
was
relaunched,
and
we
we
did
get
a
number
of
donations
this
year
that
we
haven't
had.
B
B
We
did
a
little
bit
better
than
we
were
expecting,
but
the
baseline
was
this
5000
because
we
were
trying
to
you
know,
understand:
okay,
what's
the
baseline
and
then
we'll
be
able
to
measure
in
the
future.
So
this
is
the
beginning
of
a
set
of
of
actions
that
we're
going
to
take
to
try
to
improve
the
individual
member
experience
at
the
internet
society.
Next,
please.
B
There
was
an
additional
effort,
which
is
not
so
much
focused
on
individual
members,
but
rather
on
chapters.
So
chapters
are
very
important
part
of
the
internet
society.
It's
an
area
that
has
made
the
internet
society
quite
a
bit
more
effective
because
we
are,
you
know
in
some
sense
the
internet
society's
built.
B
The
way
the
internet
is
right,
that
the
whole
society
comes
together
in
these
these
chapters
and
they
focus
on
the
the
issues
that
are
most
important
for
those
you
know
in
that
particular
locality
or
whatever,
and
so
this
is
an
area
where
we've,
where
we've
spent
some
focus
and
there's
been.
You
know
some
difficulty
in
in
communications
across
across
that
boundary,
and
so
this
is
one
of
the
areas
that
we
wanted
to.
B
We
wanted
to
improve
next
slide,
please
kevin,
so
we
had
a
a
goal
of
achieving
people
in
the
in
the
projects
that
we're
having,
and
you
know
what
what
kind
of
training
that
they
needed,
and
so
on
the
sort
of
training,
in
particular,
to
support
the
mission.
We
we
had
lots
and
we
had
a
good
participation
in
in
those
trainings.
B
You
can
see
the
other
thing
that
we
were
trying
to
do
was
see
if
you
know
this
caused
follow-on
activity
and
there
we're
not
doing
as
well.
So,
whereas
we,
you
know,
we
did
lots
of
training
about
about
things
that
we
were
working
on.
There
were
lots
of
people
who
participated
in
that
training,
but
there
wasn't
so
much
on
pickup
and
we
think
this
is
attributable
to
a
couple
of
reasons.
First
of
all,
because
chapter
leaders
do
not
change
over
every
year.
B
This
was
in
this
case
some
somewhat
redundant.
Some
of
the
training
they've
already
taken
it
the
year
before,
so
they
weren't
so
much
inspired
to
pick
it
up.
We
think
that
covet
has
had
a
big
effect
on
this
chapters
can't
get
together.
They
can't
get
things
done,
they're
having
a
hard
time
they're
having
a
hard
time
getting
people
to
to
act
because
they're
under
a
lot
of
a
lot
of
pressure
and
stress
I'm
due
to
covet
and
so
on.
B
A
On
the
on
the
covet
question,
obviously,
everybody's
been
exhausted
with
the
situation
and
the
ability
to
create
cohesion
is
definitely
an
issue.
Is
there
any
way
we
can
do
any
outreach
to
the
chapters
though,
and
see.
If
there
are
things
they
can
identify
to
us
as
ways
that
would
help
them
counter
that
in
general
I
mean
are
there?
Are
there
facilities
that
we
can
provide?
That
would
help
them
counter
that
and
have
have
they
communicated
any
of
them
to
you
or
to
the
staff
or
and
what
were
those
if
so,.
B
I
know
the
staff
are
working
on
that
on
on
answers
to
those
kinds
of
things
and
trying
to
understand
okay.
Well,
what
what
else
can
we
do
to
support
you?
The
the
answer
sometimes
comes
back
as
well.
You
need
to
give
us
more
money,
but
we,
you
know,
we
don't
always
understand
exactly
what
that
is
like.
What's
it
going
to
do,
how
is
it
going
to
help
and
so
on,
and
I
think
that
that's
been
one
of
the
challenges
we
don't
have
a
a
clear
path
for
that.
B
One
of
the
things
that
is
most
challenging
is
that
the
the
chapter
leadership
and
the
members
of
chapters
don't
always
see
eye
to
eye
about
this,
and
and
so
that
that
can
be
a
problem
too,
that
what
you
know
we
get
different
answers,
depending
on
whom
we
ask,
and
I
think
that
that
there's
there's
still
some
kind
of
tension
in
this-
that
I
don't
exactly
understand,
but
the
chapter
staff
are
working
hard
on
this
to
try
to
to
try
to
understand
it.
So
I
don't
have
a.
E
E
Maybe
we
need
to
provide
more
tools
to
people
to
develop,
maybe
a
seminar
or
maybe
a
short
course
for
leaders
how
to
bring
this
training
into
positive
action?
Yes,
the
other
thing
I
have
heard
a
lot
is
what
about
developing
virtual
training
for
members?
Yes,
the
people
find
the
that
great
idea
to
to
to
disseminate
amongst
the
members,
but
they
don't
know
they
really
do
not
understand
how
and
and
the
means
to
do
that.
So
some
people
are
suggesting
to
use
virtual
platforms
to.
B
And
just
a
question
is:
are
we
was
some
of
that
broken
for
other
people,
or
is
that
network
on
my
side?
Okay,
all
right.
I
understood
it
nevertheless,
so
when
I
talk
a
little
bit
later
about
the
training
and
learning
efforts,
you
will
see
that
some
of
that
is
in
fact
in
train
right
now
and
we've
had
you
know
positive
effects,
both
in
the
training
and
and
e-learning
efforts
and
also
in
the
fellowship
area.
B
B
Special
interest
groups
aren't
in
a
place
and
there
was
always
a
challenge
to
figure
out
how
to
operate
these
things,
and-
and
this
was
a
constant
thorn
having
to
do
with
funding
of
these
of
these
special
interest
groups,
and
so
on.
So
over
the
last
couple
of
years,
we've
spent
some
time
trying
to
figure
out
how
to
improve
the
special
interest
groups.
We
came
up
with
a
mechanism
that
was
designed
with
the
community
and
we
started.
We
started
the
transition
of
this
in
2021.
B
You'll
see
this
continue
to
to
roll
out
throughout
this
year,
but
what
we
have,
what
we've
had-
and
you
all
offered
your
congratulations
yesterday
on
the
five
topics
on
of
special
interest
groups
this
year,
internet
for
education,
online
safety,
internet
of
things,
affordable,
internet
access
and
cyber
security,
and
then
these
are
accompanied
with
three
standing
groups
that
are,
you
know,
sort
of
thematic
issues
that
cover
areas
of
work
of
the
internet
society.
So
these
are,
of
course,
on
accessibility
on
youth
and
on
gender.
B
F
B
So
we
we
did
investigate
the
the
elections
process.
It
it
followed
the
the
process
that
we
had
at
the
time.
There
was
some
unpleasant
interaction
between
this
and
the
the
difficulty
that
we
had
with
member
nova
at
the
end
of
the
year.
So
so
that
is,
that
is
one
way
in
which
there
it
was
a
snag
and
of
course,
we
certainly
hope
that
we
do
not
have
a
you
know
a
similar
event
like
that
ever
again,
so
that
was
one
way
in
which
there
was
a
snag.
F
Yeah
exactly-
and
this
is
what
I
am
suggesting
that
I'm
not
saying
that
the
the
rules
should
be
imposed.
Rather,
what
I
am
suggesting
is
some
sort
of
a
working
group
from
within
the
six
and
the
sgs
leadership
and
members
to
to
review
and
finalize
the
election
process
and
the
other
rules.
Of
course,
there
would
be
bylaws
and
other
stuff
as
well.
So
this
should
be
a
community
driven
effort
supported
by
the
organization.
B
B
Well,
the
that
was
a
sort
of
committee
that
was
intended
to
to
address
the
issue
of
special
interest
in
general.
I
I
I
think
I
would
be
leery
of
that
group
imposing
things
on
any
of
the
particular
groups.
I
would
really
much
prefer
to
see
that
if
a
particular
group
wants
to
have
you
know
various
qualifications
for
its
leadership
that
that
that
group,
you
know
sort
of
come
up
with
that
proposal.
B
But
yes,
we
will
of
course
support
any
any
such
effort
in
order
to
make
sure
that
it
is,
you
know,
within
the
bylaws
and
within
all
of
the
all
of
the
rules,
and
so
on.
I
that
that
is
without
question.
We
have
staff
who
are
there
to
support
the
community
in
in
achieving
you
know
their
aims.
That
is
that's
what
that's?
What
we
have
the
professional
staff
for.
E
Yes,
I'm
without
video,
maybe
that's
the
problem
with
my
connection.
The
one
of
the
things
I
I
am
really
surprised
is
the
number
of
members
that
join
the
special
interest
groups,
especially
the
cyber
security.
They
claim
that
they
are
nearly
5
000
members,
which
is
really
impressive,
as
that
said
as
compared
with
the
individual
members
growth,
so
that
that
is
something
that
we.
E
I
think
we
really
need
to
keep
an
eye
on
it,
yes
and
support
that,
because
maybe
that's
a
new
route
to
increase
the
number
of
the
membership
yes
and
the
the
other
as
muhammad
was
saying.
Well,
I
think
we
need
to
polish
the
election
process,
but
it's
understandable
because
it
was
the
first
time
we
used
this
model
so
kudos
to
this.
Thank
you.
Thank
you.
B
B
The
the
measurements
are
primarily
going
to
be
driven
by
this
baseline,
so
so
you
know
in
future
years
we're
going
to
depend
on
on
this
baseline
as
the
basis
on
which
future
future
measurement
will
will
be
seen.
So
that's
why
this
this
fundamental
point.
You
know
that
we
achieved
this
baseline
number.
There
is-
and
I
should
note
that
we
do
this
sig
consultation
every
second
year,
so
this
will
not
be
an
annual
event.
There
is
a
challenge
in
this
that
we
have.
You
know
room
really
for
five
sigs.
B
There
were
200
more
than
200
proposed
special
interest
groups.
This
is
a
big
gap
and
it
tells
us
that
the
community
is
interested
in
a
wide
variety
of
topics
and
and
wants
some
focus
on
it
and
there's
you
know,
there's
just
sort
of
capacity
problem
in
the
staff
to
you
know
to
grow
this
to
a
very
large
number,
so
we're
maybe
going
to
have
to
have
a
discussion
in
the
future
about
how
we're
going
to
how
we're
going
to
respond
to
these
kinds
of
requests,
because
there.
B
Requests
and
the
the
topics
are
are
wide
and
varied,
and
it
it
will
be
difficult
to
satisfy
all
of
the
demand.
So
we're
going
to
need
to
think
about
you
know
how
do
we
want
this
on
this
sort
of
program
to
develop,
because
I
think
that
that's
that
that
will
become
a
a
challenge
in
the
future
if
people
keep
finding
that,
you
know
the
things
that
they
want
to
work
on
within
the
internet.
Society
are
things
that
we
can't
support.
B
B
So
we
have
you,
know,
collaborative
software
that
we
provide
to
the
community
in
order
to
support
them
and
so
on.
We
have
we've
been
doing
a
lot
of
consultation
around
this,
and
this
is
particularly
consultation
with
respect
to
member
nova
and
whether
it
supports
people
in
what
they
need.
We've
had
we've
had
very
positive
response
to
this,
and
we've
been
trying
to
figure
out
okay.
How?
How
are
we
going
to
develop
our
collaboration
platform
so
that
people
get
the
the
kind
of
support
that
they
need?
We've
had
positive
support,
positive
responses.
B
We
have
selected
some
vendors
and
so
on,
but
what
we
did
not
do
was
get
the
implementation
plan
done
and
the
reason
we
didn't
was
because
we
found
out
well,
you
know
some
of
the
consultation
wasn't
as
as
fully
developed
as
we
wanted,
so
we're
going
to
spend
some
more
time
on
that.
You
will
recall
that
when
we
launched
member
nova,
it
was
very
deadline
driven
and
some
of
those
deadlines
happened,
and
you
know
we're
like.
B
Oh,
we
got
to
meet
the
date,
and
so
the
date
became
the
the
driver
and
there
were
a
number
of
people
who
are
dissatisfied
with
the
result,
so
we're
taking
the
time
to
try
to
do
this
as
consultatively
as
possible,
and
what
that
means,
of
course,
is
that
implementation
plans
tend
to
get
pushed
back
a
little
bit
just
because
we
we
need
to.
You
know
ensure
that
everybody
has
been
consulted.
B
Yes
in
part,
because
the
consultations
have
brought
people
inside
the
inside
the
discussion
I
do
want
to
since
we're
in
public
session
here.
I
just
want
to
be
clear
that
it
was
not
a
breach,
and
this
is
an
important
terminological
distinction
that
we
need
to.
We
need
to
ensure,
so
we
did
not
in
fact
have
a
breach,
though
we
had
a
data
incident.
Thank
you
for
the
correction.
It
is
we're.
B
Not
all
of
that
stuff
has
been
consolidated
in
the
way
that
we
would
like
what
we've
seen
over
the
last
over
2021
was
primarily
infrastructure
behind
the
scenes
putting
in
place
the
putting
in
place
the
the
sort
of
support
that
is
necessary
in
order
to
deliver
high
quality
content
reliably
and
consistently
consistently,
because
we
did
have
a
consistency
problem,
and
I
think
that
we
have
largely
addressed
that
and
and
that.
That
is
why
this
summary
looks,
looks
pretty
good
next
slide.
Please
kevin.
B
So
you
will
see
we
had
a
bunch
of
measurement
about
audience,
satisfaction
and
so
on.
We
had
a
baseline
there
we're
going
to
continue
to
measure
that
baseline.
The
basic
idea
is
to
measure
not
just
satisfaction
but
really
to
measure
effectiveness
and
engagement,
because
those
are
those
are
really
what
we've
been
trying
to
do.
We've
also
found
you
know:
the
internet
society
is
now
30
years
old,
there's
a
lot
of
stuff
on
the
website.
That
is
there
because
it's
there,
because
we
it
like
happened.
B
You
know
20
years
ago,
and
some
of
those
things
are
not
are
no
longer
linked
to
us
strategically.
So
the
goal
here
was
to
was
to
make
sure
that
at
least
50
of
the
stuff
that
is
on
our
website
is
somehow
linked
to
our
current
strategy.
You
know
there's
going
to
be
stuff.
That
is
there
because
it's
you
know,
there's
like
legal
obligations
and
so
on,
and
it's
not
clear
that
that's
going
to
be
linked
to
our
strategy.
As
such,
it's
maybe
an
obligation.
B
So
the
idea
was
like
at
least
50
of
the
web
content.
So
there
was
this
enormous
effort
to
go
through
every
single
web
page
that
the
internet
society
has,
and
you
can
imagine
after
30
years,
there's
a
lot
of
them
it.
It's
been
astonishing
to
learn.
Some
of
the
things
that
we
have
kicking
around
about.
25
of
the
content
on
the
site
was
archived,
so
it
went
off
into
our
archives
in
in
some
place,
and
it's
now
you
know
you
can
get
to
it.
It's
not
gone.
B
You
noticed
that
the
website
got
a
pretty
significant
redesign
in
terms
of
navigation
and
so
on,
and
that
was
to
try
to
drive
things
according
to
the
the
sort
of
engagement
that
is
appropriate
in
the
current
website.
So
this
is
something
that
you
know.
It's
all
behind
the
scenes
and
people
don't
notice
this
kind
of
stuff,
but
I
really
want.
B
The
other
area
that
we've
focused
on
a
great
deal
over
the
last
little
while
has
to
do
with
building
expertise
and
capacity.
There's
a
big
demand
from
our
community
to
you
know,
get
training
and
so
on,
and
this
is
one.
This
is
something
that
we
can
offer
and
and
we
can
offer
it
effectively
and
I
think,
there's
a
very
positive
story
to
tell
about
this
next
slide.
Please
so.
We've
had
a
lot
of
improvements.
We've
had
a
bunch
of
courses
developed.
B
We
offer
the
courses
in
multiple
languages
some
things
we
have
offered
beyond
our
our
usual
portfolio
of
languages.
So
our
standard
is
everything
is
available
in
english
and
spanish
and
french,
but
there
are
some
things
that
we
target
at
other
communities
right.
So
there
are
some
things
that
have
been
translated
into
arabic,
for
instance,
because
that
is
where
the
community
really
really
wants.
It.
B
We've
had
9
000
learners,
a
little
over
9
000
enrolled
in
these
courses.
We
have
some
revenue
generation
opportunities
because
we've
got
people
on
that
we're
working
with
who
are
willing
to
sponsor
on
this
effort.
We
always
believed
that
this
was
something
that
could
you
know
could
become
self-sustaining,
we're
not
all
the
way
there
yet,
but
you
know
we're
developing
it.
B
B
B
You
know
80
a
little
over
80.
we
intended
to
reach
10
000
people.
We
got
to
9
000.
the
there
was
a
delay
in
the
launch
of
the
software,
which
meant
that
we
missed
basically
a
quarter.
So
I
I
think
this
was
on
track.
It
was
just
really
software
schedules
that
drove
this
we've
been.
You
know.
We
expect
very
high
satisfaction
and
perceived
value
and
we're
achieving
that.
I
think,
and
we
do
have
partners
who
are
willing
to
figure
out
with
us.
B
Okay,
how
do
we
make
this
a
sustainable,
a
sustainable
thing,
so
this
is
not
just
like
oh
another
money
pit
that
the
internet
society
has
to
keep
dumping
money
into.
But
you
know
if
this
is
really
valuable.
Presumably
people
will
pay
for
it
and
and
what
we
find
is
that
you
know
we
are
getting
partners
who
are
who
are
willing
to
back
us
up
next,
please.
B
We
also
wanted
to
prepare
future
internet
advocates.
So
you've
heard
me
talk
about
this.
This
is
dear
to
my
heart,
the
development
of
the
fellowships
programs,
and
so
last
year
we
had
on
the
early
career
fellowship
and
on
the
youth
ambassador
program,
the
mid-year
fellowship
launched
only
this
year.
So
we
don't
have
things
to
report
about
that,
but
we
have
very,
very
positive
feedback
about
the
first
year
of
the
of
the
early
career
fellowship.
B
B
So
this
has
been
really
very.
You
know,
everything's
been
achieved,
it's
been
really
really
great.
I
I
have
to
say
the
enthusiasm
I
went
and
spoke
to
the
to
the
early
career
fellows
at
the
end
of
their
program.
It
was
all
done
online
and
so
on,
and
you
know
we
expected
that
people
were
going
to
be
tired
and
worn
out
and
so
on.
B
Some
of
them
were
doing
this
in
the
middle
of
the
night
for
them
because
it
was
you
know
some
of
it
was
synchronous
and
so
on,
and
the
the
the
goal
here,
of
course,
was
to
you
know,
really
build
more
advocates
for
the
internet
to
make
sure
that
people
are
enthusiastic
about
the
internet
and
the
opportunities
that
it
brings
and
can
carry
that
forward
in
their
career,
and
it
was
a
very
happy
day
from
my
point
of
view.
We
were
very
successful
in
in
getting
people
who
were
really
enthusiastic.
B
B
B
B
You
know
a
conference
that
we
put
together
that
approximately
breaks,
even
it
wasn't
perfect
this
year,
but
it
historically
has
been
very,
very
good,
but
also
that
it
remains
a
really
high
quality
conference
so
that,
if
we're
going
to
do
this
kind
of
thing
that
it
needs
to
be
among
its
leaders,
it's
we
wanted
to
make
sure
that
it
remained
in
the
top
five
it's
actually
risen
in
in
in
its
ranking.
We
have
got,
you
know,
collaboration
between
a
research
community
and
the
open
standards
community.
B
So
you
know
our
traditional
support
of
the
open
standards.
Community
continues
to
go
hand
in
hand
with
with
research,
and
we
continue
to
work
on.
This
ndss
has
been
moved
a
little
bit
this
year
because
we're
going
to
do
a
hybrid
event
it's
coming
up,
but
you
know
all
signs
are,
are
good.
That
ndss
remains
a
high
quality
conference
next
slide.
Please.
B
We
also
need
to
pay
for
all
of
this,
and
that
is
that
has
been
one
of
the
challenges.
You've
all
heard
me
talk
about
the
public
support
test
and
how
how
anxious
it
makes
me
at
the
same
time.
The
story
here
is
much
better
than
you
would
think.
Given
my
anxiety
about
the
public
support
test
next
slide,
please
and
the
next
one
please
so.
B
The
interesting
thing
about
this
is
that,
despite
the
fact
that
we
missed
on
the
public
support
test
on
this
year,
we
didn't
do
as
well
as
we
intended.
We
had
very,
very
good
results
with
with
funding,
so
we
actually
beat
our
our
revenue
target
by
a
not
insignificant
amount
of
money.
We
have
new
sources,
more
news
sources
than
we
anticipated.
We
have.
You
know
a
large
number
of
memoranda
of
understanding
that
we're
collaborating
with
other
people
and
so
on.
So
the
the
trend
is
right.
B
You
know
part
of
public
support,
as
opposed
to
some
other
kind
of
thing,
and
so
that
is
a
refinement
that
we're
going
to
have
to
do
for
the
next
year,
but
the
the
results
are
actually
positive,
despite
despite
all
of
that-
and
I
think
that
it's
it's
worth
celebrating
this
and
keeping
in
mind
that
people
are
looking
at
the
internet
society
and
saying
oh
yeah
they're
doing
good
work,
and
we
want
to
continue
to
support
that,
and
that
makes
me
hopeful
that
you
know
we
can.
We
can
actually
achieve
this.
B
You
know
public
support
goals
that
we
have
more
easily
than
many
people
have
thought,
and
you
know
this
comes
down
I'll
I'll
get
to
you
in
just
a
second
richard.
This
comes
down
to
the
the
theory
of
operation
of
this
that
we
always
had,
which
was
if
we
build
high
quality
programs.
If
we
do
the
stuff
that
people
want,
the
public
support
will
come
because
that's
what
a
charity
is
right.
You
do
good
stuff
and
then
people
want
to
give
you
money
to
do
it.
D
D
Is
you
know
the
the
fraction
of
non-pir
revenue
in
dollar
terms
is
improving
we're
getting
these.
You
know
increased
diversity
increased
number
of
dollars.
It's
just
that
the
way
we
can
count
that,
in
terms
of
the
specific
types
of
you
know,
categories
of
revenue
that
the
irs
bins
is
public
support
or
not
like.
We
need
to
get
those
dollars
aligned
to
the
right
bins
in
order
for
the
public
support
question
to
improve.
D
B
The
you
know
what
we
have
to
be
careful
about,
for
instance,
when
we
do
this
with
partners.
Is
that
we,
you
know,
don't
present
it
as
a
quid
pro
quo
or
that
kind
of
thing,
and
I
think
some
of
the
ways
that
we
approached
people
last
year
were,
like
you
know,
kind
of
sponsorship,
sort
of
arrangements
and
sponsorship
is
essentially
like
you
give
us
this
thing
and
you
get
this
benefit
and
what
we
needed
to
do
was
instead
approach.
B
A
Since
say
is
all
over
this,
I,
this
is
no
doubt
something
you
guys
have
already
considered,
but
just
to
mention
it.
One
of
the
things
that
I've
I've
seen
successful
in
the
past,
especially
around
training,
is
the
kind
of
buy
one
for
yourself
and
give
one
away
approach
that
in
a
lot
of
cases
when
folks
do
have
some
disposable
or
discretionary
money,
they're
they're
willing
to
say
I'm,
I'm
getting
this
benefit.
B
E
Yes,
thanks
drew
excellent
repurpose,
always
yeah
less
text
will
be
very
helpful,
but
the
it's
your
style
and
we
respect
it.
The
the
the
issue
that
concerns
me
is
about
diversity.
I
don't
see
any
address
to
all
the
diversity
things
that
have
been
running
around
us
in,
as
you
said,
in
the
internet
reform
group,
but
the
also
a
membership
talks
usual
about
usually
about
diversity.
A
Kind
of
a
clarifying
question
before
we
turn
to
enter
and
it's
like,
can
you
be
a
little
bit
more
specific
of
what
in
a
presentation
like
this,
you
would
like
to
see
addressed.
Are
you
like
wanting
to
see
a
diversity
of
say
the
people
being
trained?
Are
you
wanting
to
see
a
diversity
in
the
geographic
reach
of
some
of
the
programs?
A
E
Maybe
geography
is
the
right,
the
the
right
number,
seeing
in
a
graphical
way
that
we
are
diverse
as
a
as
a
as
a
professional
society
right,
because
if
we
go
into
just
like
how
many
hispanic
people
combination
any
caucasian,
then
we're
going
to
get
into
a
lot
of
problems.
But
if
we
address
geography,
maybe
it's
the
right
approach.
B
Well,
so
I
I
can
certainly
provide
you
with
with
the
numbers
that
there
is
a
in
fact
a
counter
on
the
website.
That
tells
you
something
about
the
diversity
of
the
of
the
organization
and
then
and
the
places
that
people
come
from
there.
There
is
actually
a
legal
challenge
in
providing
too
much
of
the
information
about
where
people
are
coming
from
in
the
learning
pool
and
so
on,
because
there
there
is,
when
you
start
to
break
down
the
the
numbers.
B
The
the
next
thing
that
starts
to
happen
is
people
ask
for
quotas,
and
you
know
we
we're
we're
not
comfortable
with
the
idea
that
we're
going
to
require.
You
know
people
from
from
various
particular
regions.
Be
part
of
this.
We
have
had
programs
that
were
structured
like
that
in
the
past
and
and
and
two
results
came
of
it.
B
One
was
that
we
sometimes
found
that
a
given
region
didn't
have
the
necessary
didn't,
have
the
necessary
pool
to
deliver
the
the
people
who
would
who
would
participate
in
the
program.
So
there's
a
good
example
of
this,
which
was
the
the
travel
fellowships
to
the
ietf.
This
was
broken
down
by
by
geography,
and
what
we
found
was
that
there
were
some
of
those
participants
who
were
basically
taking
a
vacation.
B
They
would
go
to
where
the
ietf
meeting
was,
and
they
would
not
show
up
for
the
entire
week
and
then
they
would
get
on
the
plane
on
the
way
home
and
because
it
was
quota
driven
it
caused
it
caused.
This
problem,
like
we
couldn't
just
refuse,
if,
if
it
was,
if
there
was
no
evidence
that
somebody
was
going
to
participate
for
real,
and
so
that
was
a
that
was
a
a
structural
problem
in
that
in
that
program.
That,
I
I
think,
is
something
we
want
to
be
very
careful
about.
B
So
I
take
your
point
that
it
is.
It
would
be
valuable
to
break
down
community
participation
by
geographic
region,
and
we
can.
We
can
look
at
how
that
how
that
would
work
for
for
this
report,
but
I'm
I'm
also
conscious
of
some
of
the
potential
incentives
that
that
might
create,
and
it's
something
that
I
think
we
want
to
think
about
very
very
carefully
before
we
start
making
that
the
the
only
lens
through
which
we
look
at
this.
B
There
is
one
other
thing
that
I
will
say
about
it,
and
that
is
another
complaint
about
some
of
the
geographic
things
we
have
done
in
the
past
came
from
people
who
said
okay,
but
this
doesn't
capture
actually
the
income
diversity.
That
is
part
of
what
it
is
we're
trying
to
address
here
and,
and
that
also
created
a
bunch
of
a
bunch
of
tensions,
because
of
course,
we
can't
very
well
ask
people
what
their
income
is
when
they're
applying
to
when
they're
applying
to
to
programs
that
that
we're
offering.
F
Yes,
thank
you
andrew.
The
presentation
was
well
covered,
despite
the
loss
of
text,
and
I
for
one
would
appreciate
more
text
instead
of
graphs,
because
that,
for
one
for
me,
is
easier
to
comprehend
and
understand,
and
it
takes
less
time
not
that
the
tables
and
graphs
are
not
understood,
but
it
takes
less
time
as
compared
to
the
to
the
other
one.
So
that's
the
other
side
of
the
story.
F
F
But
what
I
am
a
little
concerned
about
the
is
the
is
the
participation
of
organization
members.
We
have
seen
an
advice
from
the
organization
members,
but
so
far,
my
interaction
with
the
organization
members
at
the
round
tables
and-
and
I
I
sometimes
feel
a
little
bit-
I
use
the
word
very
cautiously-
disappointed
because
in
the
in
the
seven
of
the
round
tables
that
have
held
so
far,
I
think
I
attended
about
four
or
five
of
them
and
there
were
hardly
people
more
than
20
attending
one
roundtable
at
a
time.
F
So
I
hope
there
would
be
some
new
strategies
by
the
staff,
some
change
of
times
or
some
other
strategies
to
communicate
the
message
in
a
better
way
or
to
set
up
round
tables
topic
in
a
way
that
the
organization
member
take
more
interest
in
and
and
participate.
Do
you
want
to
answer
this
too?
Before
I
come
to
the
second
point,.
B
I
think
that
the
involvement,
the
the
recommendation
from
the
omac
to
try
to
figure
out
how
to
engage
the
organization
members
themselves
is
a
positive
one,
and
it's
it's
it's
it's
a
positive
sign,
because
I'm
not
actually
convinced
that
some
of
the
omacs
that
we've
had
in
the
past
would
have
asked
for
that.
So,
despite
the
fact
that
you
know,
I,
like
I'm,
not
exactly
sure
how
we're
going
to
address
this
problem,
I'm
I'm
pleased
that
it.
It
looks
like
the
the
organization.
B
Members
are
in
fact
asking
asking
for
that
kind
of
engagement.
So
that's
a
positive
development,
but
we've
gotta,
we've
gotta,
respond
to
it
and
and
my
theory
about
organization
members
has
long
been
that
if
we
provide
the
kinds
of
stuff
that
are
attractive
to
organization,
members
that
we
will
develop,
you
know
will
become
more
attractive
to
such
organizations.
B
That
is,
for
instance,
part
of
the
reason
for
this
year's
action
plan
containing
the
the
amicus
effort.
That's
there
primarily
because
it
makes
it.
You
know
it
it's
the
kind
of
thing
that
is
probably
actually
not
that
attractive
for
individual
members.
It's
probably
something
that
you
know
most
of
them
I
mean.
Maybe
some
would
be
interested,
but
most,
I
think,
would
be
much
less
interested.
B
But
institutionally
you
know,
corporations
might
be
interested
in
that
and-
and
other
organizations
might
be
interested
in
that-
and
so
there
there
are
efforts
afoot
to
try
to
deal
with
that.
But
this
is
a
long-standing
issue
of
decline.
It's
not
something
that
has
has
developed
overnight
and
it
therefore
is
is
going
to
require
a
lot
of
a
lot
of
groundwork
in
order
to
make
sure
that
we're
attracting
the
kinds
of
organization
members.
B
So
I
take
your
point,
I
I
agree
with
you
that
there
is
some
weakness
there
as
as
you'll
know
ted,
and
I
agreed
yesterday
that
we
would
approach
the
omac
chairs
to
try
to
figure
out
what
else
it
is
that
we
need
to
do
to
to
engage
with
them.
So
I
we
will
do
that
and-
and
I
certainly
believe
that
the
that
there
is
an
opportunity
to
engage
with
our
org
members
more
more
generally.
F
My
stance
on
this
has
been
that
it
whether
it
would
be
good
to
to
include
more
diversity
into
the
organization
and
show
the
regards
and
results
as
well,
but
we
we
also
need
to
define
the
diversity
that
what's
the
internet,
society's
definition
of
of
diversity
and
I'm
not
sure
if
we
we
have
one.
There
was
an
effort
at
the
governor's
group
to
go
on
as
committee.
Rather
I
say
I
I
think
to
to
to
have
the
definition,
but
I'm
not
sure
that
we
we
still
have
one
for
the
organization.
F
F
F
They
felt
that
these
lockdowns,
particularly
the
students
with
disabilities.
They
felt
that
these
lockdowns
and
the
educational
institutional
response
to
it,
despite
there
were
number
of
tools
that
were
being
used,
were
inaccessible
for
screen
readers
and
other
stuff,
but
they
these
lockdowns
were
a
kind
of
blessing
for
them,
because
it
was
easier
for
them
to
participate
in
the
classroom
and
other
activities,
educational
related
activities
as
compared
to
when
these
classes
were
having
in
a
physical
environment.
B
B
B
It's
challenging
at
the
internet
society
because
usually
these
things
are
are
taken
within
a
a
national
context
or
maybe
sometimes
a
cultural
context,
and
we
have
you
know
very,
very
broad,
cross-section
of
the
of
the
world,
so
it
can
be
a
little
bit
challenging
and
that's
part
of
the
difficulty
that
we
had
the
last
time
we
engaged
with
this
and
then.
Finally,
there
is
the
issue
of
the
diversity
of
of
members
I'll
just
paste
in
the
chat
here.
Well,
I
I
should
have
sent
it
to
everyone.
D
B
There
we
are
there,
there
is
a
url
there,
it's
it's
a
map,
so
I
don't
know
how
useful
it
will
be
to
you
muhammad.
But
this
is
is
a
a
world
map
that
shows
where
the
active
chapters
are
and
so
on.
We
have
a
lot
of
chapters
and
they're
in
a
lot
of
different
countries,
and
this
is
you
know
the
fundamental
thing
that
we
you
know
we
try
to
do.
We
try
to
develop.
A
So,
thank
you
both
for
the
comments
on
this
topic.
I
think,
given
the
time
I
I'd
like
to
move
on
and
in
particular
I'd
like
to
suggest
a
small
agenda
change
since
hans
patel
has
joined
us
already,
I'd
like
to
bring
forward
his
report
on
the
gwg
as
the
governance
reform
working
group
and
have
that
discussion
now
and
then
we
can
turn
to
say's
report
and
the
piarra
report,
which
both
need
executive
session
before
bringing
back
to
the
open
to
observer
session.
A
A
C
I
I
tried
to
be
rather
brief,
mostly
because
there
is
not
much
to
report.
There
was
no
real
big
progress,
made
george
wanted
to
introduce
a
scribe
or
a
secretary
which
didn't
resolve
or
didn't
come
through,
and
everybody
was
waiting
for
something
to
crystallize
around
it,
because
the
idea
was
out
of
the
120
something
ideas
which
were
recorded
and
written
down.
C
You
have
proposed
that
last
time,
so
this
written
part
never
succeeded,
and
I
think
george
tried
to
find
somebody
to
write
up
those
things
a
little
bit
more
consistent
and
didn't.
Have
luck
to
really
find
people
who,
in
this
body
of
the
government
reform
group
who
really
have
enough
time
and
energy
to
write
such
a
thing
down
and
and
defend
it
against
the
voices
of
the
rest?
So
yeah?
C
C
A
A
We
only
have
a
few
months
now
before
the
annual
general
meeting,
so
a
few
months
for
this
board
to
act
rather
than
to
make
a
recommendation
to
the
next
board,
and
since
this
this
board
in
essence,
got
a
a
recommendation
from
the
previous
board
to
to
try
and
accelerate
this
to
act.
I'd
I
kind
of
hate
to
to
do
it
again.
C
I
I
think
there
were
clearly
at
least
two
which
came
to
the
top
or
which
were
on
the
top
of
the
discussion
list.
One
is
diversity,
and
I
just
joined
the
meeting
10
minutes
15
minutes
ago,
and
I
think
you
were
already
on
top
of
this
discussion
believe
because
it's
the
governance
reform
group,
it
should
be
number
one
to
find
out
ways
how
either
the
governance
of
isaac
at
all,
or
at
least
of
the
board,
should
be
adapted
to
be
more
diversity,
friendly
or
diversity
requiring
or
whatever.
The
solution
could
be.
C
That's
more
or
less.
Clearly
the
number
one
on
the
discussion
list
without
seeing
any
real
proposed
solutions.
It
was
just
mentioned
so
often
and
reopened
again
on
on
other
discussion
lists
that
I
believe
it
would
be
easily
or
it
would
be
correct
to
put
this
on
number.
One
number
two
would
be
in
my
impression:
that's
a
little
bit
more
fussy,
but
number
two
would
be
involvement
of
membership
into
decisions
again.
C
A
Okay,
so
it
sounds
like
if
I'm
hearing
correctly
the
if
we
were
to
schedule
public
forums,
the
first
of
those
forums
would
probably
be
around
board
diversity,
because
that's
the
governance
question.
That's
the
diversity
question
that
has
to
come
to
this
level
and
then
next
would
be
around
consultation
and
structures
of
consultation.
I
think
that
I
think
you're
quite
right.
A
I
don't
think
those
would
immediately
turn
into
next
steps
for
setting
up
the
specific
structures,
because
I
think
that
would
take
some
more
time,
but
it
sounds
like
those
would
be
reasonable
public
forum
to
announce,
at
least,
if
I
heard
you
correctly.
Yes,
is
there
discussion
from
the
the
trustees
about
this
as
a
potential
plan.
A
F
A
Okay,
thank
you
very
much
hans
vetter
for
taking
the
time
to
join
us
today.
I
think
we'll
have
a
short
discussion
on
this
in
the
upcoming
executive
session
and
then
we'll
have
the
ongoing
fun
of
trying
to
schedule
something,
especially
in
a
situation
like
this,
where
it's
probably
going
to
be
important
for
us
to
have
more
than
one
session
to
account
for
geographic
diversity.
It's
going
to
be
somewhat
challenging,
but
I
I
think
that
that's
probably
our
next
step.
A
Okay,
I
think,
with
that
we're
ready
to
move
to
executive
session,
because
the
next
thing
that
would
have
been
in
this
slot
had
we
not
brought
hans
peter
forward,
is
the
cfo's
report,
which
is
in
executive
session.
So
I
think
what
we're
going
to
try
and
do
is
just
bring
all
of
the
executive
session
pieces
together
kevin.
If
you
would
do
that
and
then,
when
you
flash
up
here
when
we
return,
if
you'll
just
add
those
together
into
the
into
the
into
the
counter
when
setting
it
up,
I'd
appreciate
it
so.
A
A
A
A
Be
it
result
that,
pursuant
to
the
terms
of
the
mou,
the
assad
board
of
trustees
authorizes
a
gift
to
the
nsrc
in
the
amount
of
600
thousand
dollars
to
be
made
in
2022
and
further
resolve
that
any
officer
or
trustee
of
isak
is
authorized
for
and
on
behalf
of
isak.
To
do
all
such
acts
reasonably
required
in
connection
with
the
foregoing
resolution,
including
the
authority
to
execute
and
deliver
documents.
On
behalf
of
any
questions
about
the
resolution.
A
D
C
A
One
of
those
documents
is
a
short
update
to
the
iab
charter.
It's
contained
in
draft
carpenter,
rfc
ad
iab
charter,
because
it
is
part
of
the
ieb
charter.
It
will
actually
be
published
by
the
itf
as
a
best
common
practice
or
bcp,
with
a
note
that
it
has
been
proved
by
the
iab
and
they're
asking
whether
we
would
also
give
our
ascent
at
this
time.
A
That
now
creates
a
body
called
the
rsad
which
may
appeal
to
the
ieb,
as
you
are
all
no
doubt
aware,
appeals
related
to
the
functioning
of
the
itf
and
the
iab
when
they
may
relate
specifically
when
they
relate
to
process
issues
may
come
to
the
isec
board
of
trustees
and
therefore
our
assent
to
this
change
makes
it
clear
that
we
were
okay
or
this
particular
board
was
okay.
With
this
change.
For
anybody
who
may
consider
a
later
appeal.
A
This
update
resolved
that
the
isak
board
approves
of
the
update
to
the
charter
of
the
ib
contained
in
draft
carpenter
rc
at
ib
charter.
I'll
note
that
there
is
one
small
typo
here
where
it
says
ied
board
here,
and
I
propose
that
we
simply
strike
the
board
this.
It
would
be
redundant
since
it
is
the
internet
architecture
board.