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From YouTube: Day 2: Enabling Communities to Grow the Internet
Description
Community Networks are a way to bridge the connectivity gap. They happen when people come together to build and maintain Internet infrastructure to connect on their own terms. Internet by the community, for the community. In this session, community members from Pakistan to Hawaii will showcase their success stories and experiences in facing a range of different challenges related to community networks. We'll look at concrete examples of how you can get engaged and help grow the Internet locally.
Speakers: Bikram Shrestha, Aamer Hayat Bhandara, Naveed Haq
A
My
name
is
navidhak
and
I'm
gonna
moderate
today's
session
and
with
me
been
joined
by
two
fabulous
people.
A
Pakistan,
before
we
go
into
the
substance,
let
me
just
quickly
give
some
housekeeping
rules,
so
the
session
is
being
interpreted
in
spanish
and
french.
We
also
have
closed
captioning
available.
There's
a
chat
window
on
your
right
side
where
you
can
post
your
comments.
Questions
maybe
introduce
yourself,
put
your
first
name,
your
question
or
maybe
tell
us
from
where
you're
joining
us
we'll
be
taking
questions
at
the
end
of
the
session,
but
feel
free
to
put
any
question.
A
While
our
speakers
will
be
giving
their
presentation,
this
event
is
being
guided
by
internet
society
code
of
conduct,
and
we
asked
the
participants
and
and
the
people
who
are
joining
us
today
to
engage
responsibly
and
respectfully
well.
Of
course
you
all
will
be,
but
it's
just
something
that
I
wanted
to
remind
all
of
you
for
those
of
you
who
are
on
social
media.
Please
do
follow
us
and
use
hashtag
communityweek21,
so
the
people
are
your
followers,
and
everyone
can
see
what's
happening
here
and
what
we're
talking
about
today.
A
So
today
we're
gonna
talk
about
community
networks,
something
which
is
very
near
to
my
heart,
something
that
I've
been
working
for
years
in
asia.
A
Pacific
and
something
that
brings
connectivity
to
the
people
who
are
not
connected
community
networks,
in
essence,
are
are
networks
which
are
built
by
the
people
for
the
people,
so
they
are
different
than
traditional
mobile
networks
or
isps
per
se,
and
they
actually
address
the
needs
of
most
remote
rural
areas
where
there
is
no
connectivity
and
with
me,
when
we'll
be
hearing
bikram
and
ahmed,
they
will
telling
you
more
about
their
work
in
their
respective
communities
and
I'm
sure
you
all
will
be
inspired
by
their
work
and
I'll
I'll,
really
encourage
all
of
you
to
ask
questions,
because
I'm
sure
this
session
would
be
of
a
lot
a
lot
of
learning
and
inspiration
for
all
of
us.
A
B
Hello
and
namaste,
my
name
is
vikram
sareshta,
I'm
the
president
for
nepal,
international
foundation
and
past
president
of
indian
society
in
nepal
and
chair
co-chair
of
cooperation,
sikh,
epinik
and
vice
chair
of
nepal,
internet
governance
forum,
and
I
have
different
hats
in
nepal
as
well
as
I
am
professionally
working
in
sunny
my
bank
as
a
digital
banking
department,
head
and
technical
coordinator
for
card
industry.
Council
of
nepal
is
under
a
banker
banker
assistant
of
nepal.
B
So
thank
you
very
much
navid
and
all
the
teams
to
providing
me
this,
such
a
wonderful
opportunity
to
share
some
of
my
experience
and
some
of
our
community
network,
which
we
have
already
started
in
a
different
place
of
nepal.
So
the
the
main
area
we
have
been
working
in
nepal
is
most
effective
area
of
after
this
earthquake,
so
the
ongoing
project
which
we
have
been
doing
in
nepal.
B
B
So,
to
provide
ict
service
with
free
content,
we
have
maintained
the
content
also
there
in
in
in
local
area
network
and
to
provide
technical
skill
to
operate
that
ict
hub,
which
we
had
already
set
up
and
to
facilitate,
communicate
and
information
flow
required
for
the
rebuild
process
and
to
provide
a
more
model
of
the
community
ict
hub
for
other
interested
group
to
duplicate
in
other
villages
or
areas.
So
this
why
we
select
this
uttar
gaya
this
place.
B
This
place,
basically,
is
one
of
the
most
affected
district
in
during
this
earthquake.
2015
7.8
magnitude.
B
So
many
people,
many
leaves
and
house
were
destroyed
during
that
time
and
they
are
forced
to
leave
that
place
and
they
have
shipped
it
in
forced
to
shift
in
the
teen
house
with
the
consistent
condition,
and
we
have
observed
that
from
for
the
betterment
of
their
life,
they
have
to
go
the
abroad
and
for
the
other
place,
this
place
is
basically
in
the
bank
of
trishuli
river.
B
The
kalti
was
the
cult.
The
name
is
the
kalte
and
was
settled
after
the
earthquake
2015
without
the
basic
necessity.
B
So
the
main
the
total
population
is
almost
more
than
600
peoples
and
200
household
there
more
than
200
household
and
they
they
don't
have
internet
access
during
while
we
visit
their
place
and
now
we
had
to
set
up
their
community
hub
community
network
and
now
now
they
they
are
able
to
access
that
internet
and
the
most
challenging
they
have
been
facing.
B
You
know
before
providing
internet
to
the
community
network
and
the
the
student
could
not
make
study
during
this
pandemic
and
they
forced
to
use
this
3g
or
2g
network,
because
it's
very
expensive
and
they
couldn't
affordable.
So
that's
one
challenge
we
they
have
been
facing
and
talking
to
their
near
and
dear
one
on
their
one
in
abroad
and
urban
area.
So
that's
the
second
challenge
and
and
and
on
other
is
the
most
of
the.
B
B
So
that's
the
issue
so
beside
this,
before
the
pandemic
and
after
the
earthquake,
we
had
a
beyond
the
net
project
and
that
project
we,
as
did
the
three
earthquake
affected
place,
that
is
one
is
nikon
municipality,
world
number,
eight
ramco
ramco,
that's
other
part
of
the
district
is
studying
and
one
is
cabrio
bdc
and
that
that
the
place
name
is
the
minor
prokary
is.
B
It's
a
it's
in
cabrillo
district,
so
other
one
is
melanche
that
is
grand
shore
it's
in
cinder
baltic,
so
we
have
set
up
that
before
the
spend.
I
make
it,
but
now
it's
it's
running
smoothly,
but
some
some
challenges
also
there.
So
I
will
share
the
challenges
in
coming
during
our
discussion.
So
these
are
our
team.
During
we
establish
this
community
network
and
the
the
student
at
ramco
dading,
they
are
studying
during
their
class.
B
B
We
had
four
projects
and
that
project
is
ongoing
and
the
main
objective
and
the
main
expectation
outcome
is
benefiting
in
users
and
the
community
network
themselves,
with
cost
oriented
approach,
encouraging
digital
literacy,
empowering
the
knowledge
of
local
people
on
the
use
of
ict,
and
there
may
reduce
a
digital
divide,
creating
new
working
opportunity,
a
significant
number
of
people
from
the
project
and
the
moral
of
the
course
to
live.
The
better
life
is
restored
in
the
project
implementation.
B
The
human
relationship
to
local
people
re-establish
so
this.
There
are
some
experience
there
during
this
course.
They
have
shared
their
issues
and
challenges
and
januka
aurelia.
B
She
was
a
entrepreneur
and
she's
running
her
own
business
and
and
she,
if
she
get
the
internet,
then
she
will
go
with
the
online
business
and
some
of
the
experience
sharing
by
chan,
ching
tamang,
as
she
is
a
student
of
12
years
in
12th
grade,
but
she
is
having
problem
during
the
study
during
the
covet
pandemic
and
she
is
not
able
to
study.
So
now
she
is
able
to
study
with
this
community
network
and
nirmala
acharya.
B
She
is
a
housewife
and
she
is
totally
depend
with
her
husband
and
she
need
to
talk
with
her
son
or
daughter
who
is
in
abroad
and
or
urban
urban
areas.
So
if
she
get
this
community
network,
then
she
will
have
this
own
social
media
or
social
access.
Social
apps
access
so
should
see
that
so
that
she
can
talk
with
her
her
near
and
dear
one,
and
this
is
our
our
experience.
So
during
this.
B
So
thank
you,
nabeet
over
to
navigate
for
if
there
is
any
more
questions.
A
Thank
you
so
much
bikram
yeah
folks.
If
you
have
any
questions,
please
start
putting
them
in
the
chat
and
I
will
take
them
after
we
hear
from
ahmed
hayat
vendara,
but
vikram.
I
think
one
thing
that
really
struck
me
was
that
this
community
network
is
connecting
the
internally
displaced
people
who
were
affected
from
the
2015
earthquake.
A
So
that's
that's,
I
think.
That's
that's
itself
is,
is
a
great
work
and
then,
when
I
see
the
entrepreneur
that
student
that
mother,
who
can
talk
with
her
family
abroad,
you
know
these
are
those
a
local
context.
You
know
that's
why
we
say
it's
important
to
bring
the
people
through
community
networks,
so
so
they
can.
You
know,
build
their
own
network
and,
and
these
examples
really
set
the
base
on
how
important
the
connectivity
is
for
different
people
even
inside
a
similar
community.
A
So
thank
you
so
much
bikram
I'll,
of
course
ask
the
questions
after
we
hear
from
bin
ahmed
bhandara,
so
ahmed
bhandara
will
tell
now
his
story
up
he's
been
I'm
really
inspired
by
this
person.
You
know
he's
he's
a
farmer
by
profession.
He
runs
his
own
startup
agriculture
republic,
and
you
know
it's
like
something
happened.
Last
year
we
just
had
a
conversation
over
our
phone
and
that
has
actually
became
a
reality
now
so
amir
I'll
not
take
more
of
your
time.
A
Please
tell
us
what
has
been
happening
in
your
village
in
in
punjab,
pakistan.
A
Well,
I'm,
as
mr
naveed
had
told
a
little
about
me,
I'm
basically
a
farmer
and
me,
and
my
friend
fought
created
agriculture
republic
and
that
actually,
that
was
hub
by
the
internet
society
to
to
move
forward
for
this
community
network.
I'm
I'm
going
to
share
with
all
of
your
participants
next
slide,
please!
A
A
48
percent
labor
force
is
engaged
in
this
sector,
and
still
it
is
the
sector
that
is
providing
unskilled,
labor
a
huge
opportunity,
punjab
prevents
total
cultivation
of
57
percent
of
the
total
area
is
in
punjab,
and
69
percent
is
of
the
total
cropped
area,
which
means
that
it
is
the
black
red
park
basket
of
pakistan.
A
A
A
If
I
discuss
about
the
pakistani
agriculture
sector,
it
is
still
an
unorganized
sector.
We
have
some
very
low
level
low-level
cellular
internet
connectivity,
people
do
not
have
skills
technology
is
not
available.
A
Brain
drain
is
like
youth
is
moving
towards
cities,
and
that
is
another
challenge
that
is
creating.
I
mean
impacting
the
national
economy
and
impacting
the
national
resources
as
well.
Youth
and
women
are
not.
I
mean,
exploiting
the
freelancing
and
e-commerce
opportunities
which
can
be
done
if
internet
is
a
proper
available
in
the
rural
areas
of
pakistan.
So
if
there
is
no
internet,
people
are
really
unaware
about
internet
governance.
They
do
know
not
know
about
their
rights,
so
I
mean
they
they're
unable
to
experience
internet
and
pakistan
in
the
localities
in
the
rural
areas.
A
A
Agriculture
republic-
I
told
you
earlier
it
was
co-founded
by
me
and
my
friend
and
it,
which
is
the
pakistan's
first
food
security
policy
and
rural
innovation
startup.
We
are
empowering
small
farmers
to
access
agriculture
imports,
innovations
to
address
pressing
agriculture,
related
issues
like
climate
change
technology.
I've
already
informed
you
that
what
what
type
of
information
and
data
is
required,
that
that
is
the
thing
we
are
helping
them
around
to
achieve
the
food
productivity
and
to
ensure
the
food
security
to
the
nation.
A
A
Well,
since
may,
2020
agriculture
republic
has
conducted
some
11
national
consultations
in
pakistan
and
those
impacted
more
than
60
percent
of
this.
These
consultations
impacted
the
national
policy
somewhere
and
end
up
stabilizing
the
crop
rates,
starting
the
innovation
in
some
areas,
including
some
technological
implementation.
Through
this
group
and
the
rule
technological
in
innovation
in
october
2021,
with
the
support
of
internet
society,
we
deployed
the
digital
agricultural
community
network
to
provide
internet
to
the
marginalized
community
establishing
a
digital
data.
A
That's
like
a
pharma
learning
center
and
rural
agriculture,
business
incubator
to
help
youth
and
rural
women
to
learn
and
to
execute
their
ideas
what
they
have
there
in
their
minds.
So
this
is
first
of
all,
it's
kind
in
in
in
the
vicinity
like
pakistan
or
perhaps
in
the
world.
Next.
A
Digital
agriculture,
community
network
is
primarily
funded
and
technically
advised
by
internet
society.
Global
accountability,
lab
provider,
strategic
management
management
internet
is
provided
by
ptcl
farmer
community
was,
I
mean,
supported
by
the
hyatt
farms.
A
A
Well,
this
is
this
is
the
map
I
was
telling
about
you
that
this
is
going
to
impact
some
16
to
18
000
community
members.
The
red
dot
is
the
central
place
of
the
connectivity
and
we
have
established
one
in
this.
The
dark,
blue
and
all
these
five
villages.
People
are
directly
getting
benefit
from
that
digital
data,
which
has
been
established
in
in
part
button
next
slide.
A
This
is
some
work
going.
We
have,
I
mean,
prepared
our
local
champions
to
jump
in
and
do
everything
themselves.
This
is
the
installation
of
the
main
tower
which
provided
p2p
connectivity,
one
site
from
the
internet
hub
to
the
rural
villages.
Next
slide.
A
A
A
Digital
data,
the
first
digit
there
are
what
I've
already
informed
you-
and
this
is
this-
was
supported
by
initially
and
majorly
by
the
internet
society.
Then
agriculture,
republic,
high
art,
farms
and
accountability
lab
next
slide.
A
This
is
on
the
launching
ceremony
this.
This
was
the
front
of
of
the
data.
This
is
in
in
urdu.
You
can
see
one
side,
it
sits
in
digital
data
in
english.
Let
me
just
give
you
an
overview
of
what
the
digital
data
is.
Dera
is
a
local
language
name
in
punjabi.
That's
the
place.
It's
the
common
place
in
every
village,
where
farmers
can
come
sit
together
to
discuss
their
problems.
What
we
why
we,
I
mean,
decided
the
name
digital
data.
A
Digital
data
was
the
major
theme
behind
this
name
was
the
place
where
farmers
can
gather
and
digitally
solve
their
problems
in
the
agriculture
sector
to
to
sustain
their
livelihoods
and
uplift,
their
social
and
financial
status
of
their
living
standards
and
contribute
to
the
national
economy
through
agriculture,
productivity
enhancement.
Next
slide.
A
And
the
important
thing
is
that
this
is
all
solar
powered.
We
do
not
need
any
state
power
generation,
it
is
all
run
by
the
solar
energy,
the
sustainable
energy,
to
run
all
the
operations
of
of
the
the
center
there,
which
called
digital
data
next
slide.
A
These
are
the
people
getting
benefit.
We
have
the
latest
laptops
available
there.
We
have
let
us
latest
tablets
available
there.
We
have
projector
and
the
screen
to
to
conduct
trainings
and
sessions
for
capacity
building
of
the
farmers.
A
This
is
the
digital
data
covered
by
this
is
now
a
keyword.
If
you
just
google
it,
you
will
see
that
the
digital
data
is
a
keyword
on
google.
You
can
see
a
lot
of.
I
mean
references
there
to
read
next
slide.
A
A
These
are
just
the
few
cuttings
of
the
all
the
credible
and
authentic
newspapers,
of
not
only
pakistan,
but
some
international
newspapers
as
well,
who
covered
the
story
of
the
launching
and
the
impact
of
the
digital
data
in
the
local
communities
and
agriculture
sector
of
pakistan
at
large
next
slide.
A
This
was
the
physical
training
and
it
was
the
training
was
led
by
me
where
around
20
male
farmers
and
some
15
female
farmers
and
five
students
attended
that
training
on
digital
data,
and
this
this
picture
is
from
the
screen
of
my
co-founder,
who
was
sitting
some
200
kilometers
away
and
was
live
communicating
with
the
farmers
and
the
participants
about
what
digital
data
is
and
what
the
digital
agriculture
is
and
how
digital
data
is
going
to
support.
That
was
the
first
training
we
did
in
11th
november,
perhaps
last
week,
next
slide.
A
I
think
me,
my
area,
my
co-founder,
and
perhaps
all
the
pakistan
is
thankful
to
internet
society.
For
this
work
me
and
my
co-founder,
you
can
see
in
the
picture
we
were
invited
by
a
by
a
provincial
government
in
pakistan
to
let
them
understand
what
the
concept
of
digital
data
is.
So
the
internet
society
and
agriculture
republic's
digital
data
is
taking
interest
from
the
national
pakistani
nation
next
slide.
A
This
was
published
by
one
of
the
leading
authentic
national
newspaper
dawn
next
slide
again,
thank
you
very
much
for
all
your
support
to
establish
first
of
its
kind
center
only
for
the
rural
and
the
farming
community
to
help
them
sustain
in
their
livelihoods
and
to
contribute
positively
in
productivity
in
the
national
economy.
Thank
you
very
much,
I'm
open
to
the
question
yeah,
let's
jump
into
the
questions,
thank
you
so
much
amir
for
the
presentation
and
and
rightly
spot
on,
and
you
know
an
agriculture-based
economy.
A
It
does
require
these
kind
of
connectivity
solutions
to
help
the
farmers,
understand
the
technology
and
give
them
access
to
the
internet
so
really
inspiring
and
and
good
to
see
the
work
that
the
agriculture
republic
is
doing
in
in
pakistan.
So
I
already
have
a
question.
In
fact,
before
going
to
the
question,
I
just
want
to
give
a
reminder
to
our
audience
that
if
they
need
close
captioning,
please
do
refresh
your
browser,
so
you
can
see
the
closed
captioning
as
well.
A
Now.
The
question
that
I
got
in
the
chat
is
from
yusef
amadu,
and
the
question
is
to
bikram
and
it's
a
very
plain
question
saying
that
this
was
a
very
insightful
presentation
and
how
do
you
fund
the
project?
So
how
do
you
get
the
funding
for
the
project.
B
Thank
you
yeshu
for
your
questions.
It's
very
simple
questions,
because
of
internet
society
and
with
the
local
partners
in
nepal.
We
are
able
to
make
it
successful
community
network
hub.
We
established
in
different
areas
of
nepal.
So
it's
it's
a
hybrid
kind
of
font.
We
we
had
some
fun
from
the
internet
society
global
and
then
we
we
collect
some
fun
from
the
local
sponsors
and
supporters
and
that's
how
we
we
have
been
working
in
nepal.
B
So
this
is
not
a
one
project
and
we
are
trying
to
make
it
more
because
in
in
in
urban
area,
we
can
have
easily
internet
access
in
for
the
rural
area.
It's
very
nepal.
Geographical
region
is
very
diverse
and
in
in
mountain
areas,
it's
very
difficult
to
reach
there.
So
my
next
plan
is
to
go
to
the
this
entrepreneur
base,
cam
or
or
abreast
basecamp.
That's
our
main
we
are
looking
for.
The
internet
is
for
everyone.
A
Folks,
if
you
don't
know
annapurna
is,
is
one
of
the
highest
mountains
in
nepal.
I
had
an
opportunity
to
see
the
sunrise
and
it's
beautiful,
but
mount
everest
base
camp
or
really
become.
That
would
be
something-
and
I
think
amir
because
you
have
mount
everest
in
pakistan-
has
k2,
which
is
the
second
highest
peak.
A
So
perhaps
you
know
there
could
be
some
synergies
to
build
such
kind
of
connectivity
in
those
highest
peak
base
camps,
but
that
would
be
fabulous
because
I
know
there
is
so
many
interest
not
only
from
the
tourist
but
also
from
the
people
who
do
the
summit,
the
climbers
during
the
peak
season.
They
they
equally
go
to
the
north
of
pakistan
and
also
in
nepal
to
to
summit
mount
everest
or
k2
or
other
other
peaks.
But
that's
very
interesting
idea.
A
A
Actually
so
I
don't
see
any
questions,
but
let
me
continue
the
discussion
and
perhaps
I'll
come
to
amir
amy
tell
us
so
when,
when
I,
when
I
go
through
your
presentation,
one
message
I
get
and
please
correct
me-
is
that
being
an
agriculture
based
economy,
there
have
not
been
much
attention
given
by
the
stakeholders
by
policy
makers
to
make
sure
that
the
farmers
can
be
equipped
by
internet
and
digital
technology,
which
can
help
them
to,
of
course,
bring
more
efficiency.
A
Save
time
and
also
you
know,
practice
some
of
the
technologies
that
a
lot
of
the
other
countries
are
already
following,
because
I
know
there
is
a
soil
moisture.
There
are
drones
which
are
being
used
for
pesticides
and
there
are
automated
irrigation
systems
being
deployed.
So
there's
there's
huge
amount
of
you
know
elements
or
applications
which
are
out
there.
But
what
I
hear
from
you,
perhaps
digital
data
has
started
that
in
pakistan.
A
A
Like
yours,
of
course,
can
make
a
lot
of
change,
but
it's
always
important
that
you
get
a
more.
You
know,
support
from
from
more
powerful
circles,
if
I
can
say
them
because
then
it
brings
a
more
revolution
at
a
country
level,
so
tell
us
about
what
has
been
the
support
by
the
government
and
how
you
see
the
future.
A
Well.
Thank
you
very
much
very,
very
brilliant
question.
Naveed
government
has,
if
I
talk
about
government
government,
is
actually
learning
from
our
model
that
what
what
we
did
in
collaboration
with
the
internet
society
in
support
by
by
the
internet
society.
A
This
is
something
very
new
government
was
planning
for
since
long
they
had
an
idea
about
smart
villages,
but
how
to
execute
that
idea.
That
was
a
challenge,
so
this
their
is
actually
providing
a
foundation
for
the
government
to
let
their
future
project
go
on.
Through
these.
This
this
I
mean
project
and
when
you're
talking
about
the
internet
and
technology,
you
are
right.
Policy
makers
haven't
played
much
a
bigger
role
to
provide
all
the
internet
or
technological
solutions.
A
In
the
I
mean
excess
of
a
small
and
medium
scale-
farming
community,
but
during
my
presentation
I've
already
told
you
that,
for
better
productivity
for
better
decision
in
agriculture,
you
have
to
have
data.
You
have
to
have
information,
you
have
to
have
advisory
and
you
have
to
have
I
mean
technology,
but
without
internet.
A
How
you
can
even
imagine
to
grow,
to,
to
I
mean,
fly
a
drone
for
satellite
imagery
or
or
as
a
prey
with
without
having
internet
and
in
in
the
firm
or
in
the
rural
area,
how
you
can
even
just
get
the
better
weather
advisory
with
a
very
basic
level
weather
advisory
for
like
seven
days.
If
you
do
not
have
proper
data.
A
Actually
you
do
not
have
a
power
to
decide
what
to
do
for
next
season
or
next
day
or
next
crop.
So
I
believe
this,
this
type
of
setup,
which
is
physical.
As
you
know,
the
pakistani
farm
farming
market.
They
are
they
all.
The
people
are
not
very
much
educated
and
most
of
the
people
do
not
know
even
how
to
utilize
a
smartphone.
A
So
this
data
is
actually
providing
them
a
physical
space
to
come
in
and
if
they
do
not
know
even
to
write
and
read,
they
can
ask
the
local
champions
who
are
trained
for
this,
that
in
a
local
language
verbally,
they
can
provide
us
advisory
for
next
four
days
or
five
days
or
seven
days.
Well,
answer
to
your
question
about
technology
and
what
is
happening
on
the
digital
data.
Beside
that
we
have,
we
are
about
to
start
automation
of
tuples.
A
A
device
is
on
a
pilot
stage
at
associated
farm
with
digital
data
that
has
been
controlled
by
the
smartphone.
A
Well,
if
you
are
away
from
the
tube
well
or
the
water
pump,
you
can
operate
that,
and
similarly,
we
we're
working
on
to
to
to
install
some
sensors
to
understand
and
to
get
the
real-time
information
how
much
water
is
needed
to
the
crop.
How
much
moisture
is
in
the
air
and
how
much
I
mean
water
fertilizer
is
required,
which
type
of
fertilizer
is
required
for
what
crop,
so
that
all
will
be
happening
with
this
digital
latest
setup,
because
it
is
internet.
A
A
Fabulous,
I
think,
one
one
particular
interest
for
my
side
would
have
been
how
these
networks
have
empowered
the
local
people.
So
I
mean
you
told
us
about
this
community
network
champions
I
saw
when
vikram
was
telling
us.
A
You
know
the
local
people
are
involved,
so
it's
not,
as
you
are
just
providing
internet
access,
but
you
are
making
it
sustainable
by
the
involvement
of
the
local
people,
which
I
think
is
a
very
important
aspect
of
a
success,
because
eventually
these
are
the
people
who
have
to
manage
and
run
those
networks
and
beyond
that
there
is
a
lot
of
learning
as
well.
That
comes
with
this.
You
know,
so
I'm
sure
bikram.
A
If
I
asked
you
what
was
your
experience
when
you
went
to
that
community,
the
internal
displays
people
with
a
mix
of
you,
know
young
population
and
also
some
old
generation.
How
did
they
perceive
this
internet?
I
mean
what
were
their
internal
initial
impression,
because
I
have
also
seen
that
the
the
buy-in
from
the
community
is
very
important.
You
cannot
sell
anything
whether
it's
internet
or
it's
a
product
until
you
have
the
buy-in
from
the
community.
So
so
what
was
the
initial
impression
from
the
community
in
utragaya?
A
Bikram
bikram?
That's
my
first
question.
The
second
part
of
the
same
question
is
about
the
content.
One
of
the
problem
that
I
see
is
that
a
lot
of
our
young
generation
are
into
social
media,
youtube,
facebook,
etc,
etc,
which
is
okay,
it's
part
of
the
internet,
but
somehow
they
take
it
as
the
internet
itself.
You
know
as
a
whole.
They
think
internet
is
only
about
you
know
putting
something
in
on
google
or
watching
some
videos
on
youtube
or
doing
some
social
media
stuff.
So
how
are
you
gonna
break
that
myth?
A
You
know
how
you're
gonna
address
that
challenge,
to
make
sure
that
the
people
in
utragaya
are
able
to
get
the
real
content
which
is
of
benefit,
and
it's
not
in
english,
because
english
is
another
problem
in
in
you
know,
even
our
countries,
you
know
you
go
to
rural
population.
People
cannot
speak
english
come
on,
I
mean
they.
They
they
just
cannot
and
for
them
it's
it's
really
hard
to
understand
content
in
english,
so
so
bikram.
A
B
Thank
you,
naveed.
First
of
all,
we
identified
that
location
with
some
of
my
internal
resources,
that
from
the
banking
site
so
and
my
one
of
our
colleague
the
greece,
also
is
involved
in
this
project.
He
is
a
expert
in
making
this
community
network.
So,
first
of
all,
we
try
to
make
it
four
piece.
Four
piece
means
the
public
private
and
we
used
to
say
upon
site
and
partnership.
B
That's
our
main
model
to
to
you
know
sponsored
that
areas
and
we
we
had
requests
to
the
community,
the
local
government
official.
We
can
easily
identify
them
and
we
came
to
know
that
there
is
the
reputed
villages,
the
chair
portion
and
we
collect
them
all
in
in
one
place,
and
we
had
one
event
during
our
visa
visit
and
and
when
we
had
in
in-depth
discussion
with
the
challenges
and
opportunities
and
the
benefit.
B
Villages
and
they
want
to
try
to
collect,
but
we
we
convince
them
to
know.
First,
we
will
have
this
community
network
in
the
central
area,
the
the
affected
area
and
then
and
then
we
we
convinced
them
and
we
get
support
from
them
locally.
Government
official
also-
and
that's
how
we
we
have
been
approaching
and
the
community
is
very
acceptable
for
this,
and
I
do
have
a
lot
of
videos,
but
it's
a
very
limited
time.
We
have
for
four
minutes,
but
I
can
show
that
videos
also,
but
that's
our
strategy.
B
We
made
to
four
piece:
public
private
and
this
side
kind
of
things
and
partnership,
and
then
we
go
through.
But
during
the
con
in
regarding
content,
we
had
a
supporting
midas
e-class,
the
learning
platform.
That's
that's
in
nepal,
the
from
one
to
12
class.
B
They
have
already
built
that
content
in
nepali,
so
we
we
had
partnered
with
that
midas
technology
and
there's
other
one
open
learning,
actions,
nepal
or
ole
is
a
social
benefit
organization
dedicated
to
enhance
this
education
quality
and
to
get
to
make
the
content
in
in
nepali
language.
So
that's
how
we
have
been
collaborating
with
different
organization
and
we
provide
them
in
online
user
name
and
accreditancer,
username
and
password,
and
then
how
we
have
providing
this
nepali
content
over
to.
A
Yeah,
I
know
excellent,
and
I
think
that's
also
an
important
point
here
is
that
you
don't
have
to
reinvent
the
wheel.
You
know
you,
you
told
us
about
ole,
so
you
already
saw
that
there
is.
There
is
a
content
company
who
has
put
educational
content,
it's
just
that
how
you
bring
in
them
into
the
into
your
network,
rather
than
you
know
again,
putting
all
your
energy.
So
that's
good
and-
and
that's
a
I
like
this
panchayat
panchayat
is
just
like
data
folks.
A
So
you
know,
panchayat
is
also
a
very
common
word
in
south
asia.
It's
just
similar
to
what
amir
was
telling
us
about
the
data
ahmed.
Before
you
answer,
I
have
one
question
and
I
think
you
perhaps
can
take
this
question.
It's
from
diana
franco
and
she's
asking.
I
want
to
know
please
how
you
handle
the
technical
education
or
formation
in
this
process,
which
was
their
initial
level,
and
how
did
you
handle
it?
A
So
I
think
what
she
is
trying
to
ask
is:
how
did
you
handle
the
technical
capability
or
education
of
the
people
on
the
ground
when
they
were
building
this
network
and
and
how
how
they
were?
They
became
part
of
the
process
of
amir
well,
we
asked
few
people
who
were
actually
working
in
this
field
in
our
local
area,
so
we
invited
them
to
let
our
champions
prepare,
how
they
can.
A
I
mean
practically
jump
into
this
setup
and
can
learn
something
that
can
connect
the
the
point-to-point
connectivity
wirelessly
at
the
farm
and
I
think
they
did
well.
They
were
little
training,
I
think.
Perhaps
it
was
a
one
day
or
a
two-day
a
person
came
and
he
taught
them.
The
four
young
champions
who
were
already
energetic
and
wasn't
main
thing
we'd
have
ever
experienced
with
the
agriculture
and
rural
communities
is
interest.
A
If
you
are
interested
in
having
trust
in
some
project,
you'd
learn
very
quickly
and
it
was
not
a
not
a
rocket
science
thing
that
they
were
unable
to.
I
mean
understand
the
technical,
like
connectivity,
type
of
things.
A
That
was
just
a
normal
thing
for
them
how
to
install
the
whole
project
and,
and
they
did
it-
you
know
a
viewer-
I
mean
we
did.
A
I
think
perhaps
it
was
a
couple
of
weeks-
type
thing
that
they
installed
many
of
the
things
there
and
now
I
I
think
that
let
me
coming
back
to
the
content
point
that
the
time
is
running
already
short.
Well,
what
we
are
doing
it
at
the
content.
A
We,
I
think
that
we
need
to
develop
the
content
in
local
language
for
the
agriculture
community
and
rural
community,
particularly
well.
I
am
delivering
the
training
what
I
know
about
sustainable
agriculture,
the
support
of
the
digital
tools
with
the
agriculture
sector
and
crop
farming
and
livestock
farming.
I
am
delivering
in
the
local
language
that
is
punjabi.
A
A
I
was
planning
for
just
60
minutes
and
you
know
I
think
we
passed
some
two
and
a
half
hours
and
my
thought
was
like
swelling
at
that
time
when
they
were
asking,
because
they
they
they
went
and
just
entrusted
and
they
they
were
taking
interest
in
the
communication.
Locally
things
were
new
to
them.
Farmers
were
really
interesting
to
know
the
technology.
A
What
america
is
using,
what
ua,
using
what
israel
is
using
or
what
other
countries
are
using
so
earlier,
they
knew,
or
they
have
shown
just
the
youtube
videos
and
that
those
were
in
english
but,
like
you
were
telling
that
if
they
do
not
know
english,
that
is
useless
for
them
for
any
training.
But
that
day
I
was
speaking
punjabi,
the
local
language.
Everyone
was
taking
interest
and
even
they
was
when
I
was
asking
them
to
take
some
food
or
water.
A
A
Absolutely
okay,
thank
you
so
much
everyone
I
mean.
I
wish
we
had
more
time
because
I'm
really
feeling
more
energy
now
with
this
discussion,
but
the
crunch
line
I
I
couldn't
see
is
that
local
solutions
need
local
involvement
and
local
participation,
and
you
don't
have
to
really
be
thinking
very
high
up
on
a
very
fancy
stuff
you
can
just
build
using
your
local
resources
and
involvement
of
the
local
community
is
is
is
of
key
importance
for
a
success
of
a
community
network.
Thank
you
so
much
bikram
and
amir
for
joining
us
today.
A
I
hope
the
audience
had
a
very
good
and
time
and
we'll
catch
you
folks,
in
our
next
session.
From
now,
it's
goodbye
and
good
day.