►
From YouTube: Local Offline Collaboration Monthly 2020-07-16: Knapsack for satellite filecasting to Iran
Description
https://www.netfreedompioneers.org talk about their work making critical content available offline when it is needed most!
Topic: Reach Beyond Communication Barriers
Summary: Exploring alternative solutions like Knapsack satellite filecasting to inject content into IPFS and other P2P networks during internet shutdown or in offline communities.
https://github.com/ipfs/local-offline-collab/issues/25#issuecomment-653940184
For more information on IPFS
- visit the project website: https://ipfs.io
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A
B
B
Sorry
so
hope,
you're
all
doing
fine
during
this
pandemic
and
thanks
to
the
ipfs
community
for
providing
us
this
opportunity,
I'm
evan
firozi
technical
coordinator
of
net
freedom,
pioneers
here
with
ahmad
my
good
colleague,
net
freedom
pioneers,
is
a
nonprofit
organization
with
the
primary
mission
of
providing
tools
and
partnership
to
protect
the
free
flow
of
information.
In
the
past
seven
eight
years
nfp
successfully
launched
several
projects
which,
amongst
them,
I
will
mainly
talk
about
knapsack
and
upside
for
hope
and
lisa
also
called
the
backbone
of
knapsack
for
hope.
B
B
B
B
Then
we
need
to
lease
a
channel,
a
tv
channel
on
a
commercial
tv
satellite
and
on
the
user
side,
the
only
thing
they
need
is
a
setup
box
that
they
use
to
watch
tv,
a
usb
flash
drive
and
a
pc
or
an
android
device
to
extract
the
data.
The
only
part
that
they
need
to
have
internet
connection
in
this.
This
whole
process
is
to
download
a
really
a
small
application.
B
Our
extractor
application
to
extract
the
record
and
to
extract
files
from
the
recorded
recorded
data
from
satellite,
a
knapsack
can
be
broadcasted
anywhere
it
the
the
the
coverage
of
because
it's
a
satellite,
it's
similar
to
a
satellite
tv.
It's
it
has
a
broad
continental
or
regional
coverage.
It
can
be
accessed
by
anyone
with
any
any
type
of
technical
knowledge
or
no
technical
knowledge.
B
The
users
don't
need
to
obtain
new
equipment
or
they
they
don't
need
to
buy
any
new
hardware.
They
can
use
what
they
are
using
to
watch
tv
and
obviously
it's
cost
effective
for
them,
because
it
doesn't
put
any
burden
on
them.
On
the
other
hand,
it's
cost
effective
for
publishers,
because
they
can
they
can
send
their
content
to
millions
of
people
at
once,
without
being
worried
about
their
bandwidth
or
in
their
infrastructure.
B
So
how
this
work
is
actually
pretty
interesting.
You
might
ask
question
that,
for
example,
we
had
data
channels
that
we
were
traditionally
using
to
transfer
data
through
satellites,
but
I,
if
you've
ever
used
any
of
those
you
needed
to
have
the
minimum
of
technical
knowledge.
You
needed
you
needed
a
pc
or
a
macbook.
A
dvd
card
and
all
that
process
is,
is
not
a
trivial
process
for
for
everybody
to
use.
B
So
what
we
thought
about
was
to
make
make
everything
easier,
that
I'll
explain
in
a
little
but
the
back
before
before
going
there,
I
I'll
rather
talk
about
the
backbone
of
knapsack
and
how
it
works
to
to
make
this
system
work.
We
designed
a
new
protocol
lisa
protocol
that
is
based
on
mpegas
standard
over
ts.
B
This
allows
us
to
freely
transfer
any
types
of
binary
files
to
a
tss
string,
so
we
use
a
ts
null
packet
and
without
manipulating
the
ts
header.
We
inject
our
data
to
the
payload
of
the
ts
packet.
On
the
other
side,
a
user
satellite
receiver
treat
the
received
packets
as
regular
ts,
packets
and
therefore
they
can.
They
can
record
it
on
a
usb
flash
drive
for
further
use
that
recorded
file.
Then
we
can,
we
can
take
it
to
a
computer
or
a
cell
phone
to
be
extracted
to
achieve
this.
B
We
designed
the
file
we
designed
the
file
system.
We
call
it
lee
cluster
that
can
contain
two
types
of
the
two
types
of
payloads
lee
packets
and
lean,
for
I
will
explain
each
one
of
them
in
a
little
bit
before
that.
The
lisa
has
another
specification,
which
is
a
error:
correction,
dynamic,
error,
correction.
We
use
the
scheme
similar
to
rate
zero
for
our
packet
recovery,
obviously
because
the
the
data
is
transferred
and
a
stream
through
satellite.
B
So
we
need
we
needed
to
account
for
that,
and
because
of
that,
we
added
this
dynamic
error
correction
and
in
the
past
four
years
it
allowed
us
to
have
consist
consistent
stream
of
data
to
era.
Even
though
we
experienced
severe
jamming
at
some
points,
but
I
talked
about
lead
cluster
leak
cluster
is
the
data
type
that
we
designed.
So
we
can.
We
can
transfer
data
through
ts
packets.
Each
hts
packet
is
188
bucks
that
four
bytes
of
it
is
the
tslr.
We
don't
touch
the
kia
setter,
so
the
receiver.
B
I
think
that
it's
still
receiving
a
regular
ts
that
contains
either
audio
video
or
or
mix
of
both.
So
what
we
do
we
er
we
extracted
payload
in
inject,
our
own
payload.
We
designed
for
that.
We
designed
two
types
of
payloads
lead
packet
and
lean
lead.
Packets
are
actually
the
chunks
of
files
that
we
transfer
through
ts.
These
chunks
of
files
are
181
one
bytes
and
we
defined
them
in
the
leap
packet
header
if
it's
a
linfo
or
it's
a
link
packet.
B
But
to
do
so,
we
designed
another
file
type,
which
is
lee
info.
That
holds
all
the
metadata
of
all
the
clusters
it.
It
helps
the
extractor
to
find
each
part
of
each
file
from
the
stream.
The
infos
are
repetitively
sent
in
the
middle
of
the
lead
package
to
make
sure
that
the
user
can
extract
only
a
fragment
of
the
stream
without
having
to
record
the
entire
packets.
B
This
design
also
provided
us
some
flexibilities,
since
we
send
our
bundles
in
24
hour
cycles
at
each
time.
Each
packet
is
between
around
two
to
four
hours
and
it
takes
between
two
to
four
hours
to
be
transferred
entirely.
A
user
can
record
at
any
given
moment
and
as
long
as
they
record
for
that
time,
they
can
receive
the
the
whole
package
or
even
if
they
record,
only
a
part
of
a
fragment
of
the
two
to
four
hours.
B
For
example,
they
record
only
for
30
minutes,
they're
gonna
receive
they
they're
gonna
be
able
to
extract
the
files
that
have
been
sent
in
that
30
minutes.
I
know
that
it
might
get
a
little
bit
confusing
so
because
of
that,
we
prepared
the
demo
of
how
the
extraction
work
and
that,
hopefully,
that
clears
up
the
system
a
little
bit.
B
B
The
channel
has
audio
video
like
a
regular
channel,
however,
because
of
the
because
we
wanted
to
use
most
of
the
bandwidth
for
data
transfer,
we
are
not
showing
any
videos,
so,
instead
of
that,
we
are
having
slides
on
the
channel.
That
has
information
about
about.
Two
share:
has
information
about
internet
censorship,
about
the
content
that
we
are
transferring
through
the
true
touche,
and
on
top
of
that
it
has
four
four
specific
data
that
that
can
be
used
by
our
users
and
the
first.
B
If
you
look
at
look
up
here
where
my
mouse
is,
we
have
we
show
four
four
pieces
of
data.
The
first
piece
is
the
date
that
we
sent
that
that
model
and
the
second
one
is
the
time
that
they
need
to
record
the
bundle
to
receive
all
the
files
in
that
the
third
line
is
the
size
of
the
bundle,
and
the
last
line
is
a
counter
that
counter.
B
I
believe
it
goes
from
0
to
100
in
minutes
and
seconds,
so
it
it
shows
for
a
user.
For
example,
if
your
user
starts
recording
at
this
one
is
85
84,
minutes
and
five
seconds.
So
if
they
start
from
here,
they
need
to
wait
until
the
counter
comes
back
to
this
number,
so
it
shows
that
they
receive
the
whole
the
whole.
B
Package,
what
can
we
do
with
that
and
in
another
layer
of
the
ts
there
is?
There
is
our
data
so
to
use
that
data.
We
designed
an
extractor
application
that
can
extract
that
file
right
now
on
this
demo,
we
have
the
files
on
a
on
a
local
storage,
but
usually
people
have
them
on
usb
flash
drives
and
if
they
connect
usb
flash
drives,
they
can
do
all
these
parts
of
finding
the
ts
file
and
so
on
may
make
that
automatic
they
don't
they
don't
need
to
do
anything.
B
B
So
the
extraction
takes
a
little
bit
of
time,
and
currently
we
have
the
this
extractor
for
windows
and
android,
and
we
have
a
light
version
of
the
extractor
for
for
users
that
they
don't.
They
don't
want
to
use
all
the
features
that
I'm
going
to
talk
about,
and
they
only
want
to
use
the
extractor
itself.
So
it
extracts
all
the
files
you
can
see
the
files
inside
the
extractor
or
they
can
browse
them
just
like
folders
files
are
including
software,
for
example.
B
Here
we
have
all
the
android
filters
regularly
on
on
a
daily
basis.
We
send
the
updates
to
all
the
anti-filters
that
are
either
are
active
in
era
we
have
tutorials
audios
videos,
movies
books
and
almost
all
types
of
files
that
that
anybody
might
need.
On
top
of
that,
we
developed
an
application,
a
sitegrounder
application
that
makes
a
offline
replicate
of
websites
that
are
censored
and
filtered
in
europe,
such
as
bbc,
and
send
them
through
through
this
application
to
our
users,
so
they
can
browse
it
like
they
are
using
internet.
B
But
all
these
websites
are
locally
hosted,
they
are
completely
offline
and
they
can
easily
share
it
with
other
people
as
well.
Another
feature
of
this
site,
grabber,
is
that
they
can.
They
can
actually,
if
they
want
they
can
they
can
download
these
packages
from
internet
too.
So
they
are,
they
are
not
too
big
of
a
package,
so
the
main
use
case
of
it
was
was
making
sure
that
everybody
can
access
these
these
websites
on
demand
either
through
internet
or
if
they
want
to
receive
it
through
satellite,
they
can
record
it.
B
Another
feature
of
this
extractor
application
is
that
they
can
share
the
files
and
they
can
share
the
application
through
local,
their
local
network.
This
is
a
new
feature.
We
added.
We
are
still
testing
it,
but
we
try
to
make
it
also
as
easy
as
possible.
So
we
added
the
qr
code
that
anybody
can
use
their
phones
to
scan
it
and
they
are
on
the
same
wi-fi
and
they
can
access
the
application.
Based
on
the
accessibility
that
the
admin
provides.
B
For
example,
they
can
access,
they
can
have
full
access
to
the
to
the
whole
extractor
or
they
can
only
see
the
files
without
being
able
to
modify
them.
And
if
you
go,
we
go
to
that
link.
It
is
the
exact
same
ui
of
the
application
and
they
can
do
almost
everything
that
they
were
doing
locally.
They
can
do
it
now
over
the
over
the.
B
B
B
In
the
past
four
years,
we
sent
over
five
terabytes
of
digital
content,
including
educational
courses,
wikipedia
ebooks,
offline
websites,
anti-censorship
applications
and
more,
and
consequently,
we
save
millions
of
dollars
in
bandwidth
and
vpn
costs
for
our
users.
Currently
touche
is
actively
working
with
more
than
200
publishers
that
both
include
mainstream
producers,
such
as
bbc
and
radio,
free
europe
and
small
publishers
and
small
organizations
that
are
active
in
that
area.
B
Tusha
was
the
reason
we
started
this
project,
but
that
is
definitely
not
the
only
use
case
of
this
system.
We
can
use
knapsack
in
cases
such
as
emergency
response
and
post-conflict
rehabilitation,
refugee
camps,
remotely
sorry,
remote
locations
and
offline
communities,
rural
areas
with
no
fixed
broadband
network
and
this
list
and
goes
on
since
most
of
these
use
cases
are
in
areas
that
we
can.
We
can
access
and
we
can
directly
operate.
We
came
up
with
another
configuration
for
our
system.
B
Knapsack
content
decision
is
a
is
a
local,
is
a
central
local
server
that
automatically
download
content
from
satellite
and
make
them
available
through
lan
and
wi-fi.
This
setup
can
be
used
for
educational
institutes,
health
care,
centers,
libraries,
community
centers
among
others,
and
can
hold
thousands
of
gigabytes
of
digital
content
for
on-demand
access
of
that
community.
B
This
setup
is
pretty
flexible
to,
for
instance,
using
the
system
for
a
rural
school.
We
can
install
a
learning
management
system,
lms
system,
and
that
can
improve
the
learning
experience
for
those
students.
While
their
content
is
getting
updated
through
satellite
and
they
can,
they
can
benefit
from
that
that
up-to-date
information
as
well.
B
To
test
this,
this
idea
we
started
the
pilot
plan
and
we
installed
the
content
station
for
a
school
in
oaxaca
mexico,
which
is
a
rural
rural
school.
They
did
not
have
any
access
to
the
internet
and
to
use
this
service,
students
could
easily
connect
to
wi-fi
that
we
were
providing
them
and
enjoy
a
variety
of
content
that
was
once
on
the
server
and
also
the
contents
were
getting
updated
as
well.
So
their
learning
experience
completely
changed.
B
B
A
You
thank
you
very
much
this.
This
was
absolutely
fascinating
and
it's
really
amazing
to
see
what
you've
done,
and
it's
also
so
rare
to
see
a
project
like
this
that
has
been
working
under
pretty
extreme
conditions
for
for
more
than
four
years,
serving
serving
content
to
populations
that
are
desperately
in
need
of
this
content.
Okay,
I
I
know
I
have
a.
I
have
a
couple
of
questions
that
I
wanted
to
ask,
but
first
anybody
else
in
the
channel.
It
sounds
like
nico,
had
some
comments
about
other
types
of
integrations.
D
D
It's
an
interesting
project
in
relation
to
web
archiving,
and
that
basically
proposes
to
do
like
what
internet
argument
does
at
the
global
scale
you
being
able
to
do
it
at
a
at
that
individual
scale,
and
it
will
be
I'm
curious
if
you
are
aware
of
of
them
of
the
worker
work
format
and
if
you
have
any
plans
for
integration,
mainly
because
the
the
tooling
is
very
developed.
So
it's
some
and
the
experience
is
very
straightforward.
D
I
I
tried
it
out
and
you
could
even
you
can
even
archive
interactive
websites
with
with
no
issues
at
all,
like
you
know
like
if
sites
that
fetch
resources
in
a
in
an
interactive
way,
the
way
it
it
reproduces
them
perfectly
even
due
to
video.
So
it's
a
very
interesting
technology
and
then,
of
course,
as
many
of
the
usual
attendance
to
this
call.
D
Now
I
represent
the
router
project,
this
mesh
network
router
for
for
rural
communities
that
can
be
deployed
without
any
technical
knowledge
and
maintain
and
expand
it,
and
I
think,
there's
some
low-hanging
fruit
in
in
using
mesh
technologies
to
expand
the
reach
of
of
your
bots
of
your
of
your
servers
to
wider
audience
by
using
mesh
technology.
So
I
would
be
really
glad
to
explore
that
possibility.
Two
things.
B
B
B
One
thing
that
that
is
necessary,
I
think
it's
necessary
to
talk
about,
is,
I
believe
everybody
in
this
community
is
familiar
with
projects
like
libraries
without
borders,
the
the
main
difference
that
our
system
has
compared
to
all
of
those
all
those
systems
is
that
we
can
update
them
on
the
map
and
so,
for
example,
libraries
without
borders.
They
provide
a
system
that
has
a
lot
of
data,
but
to
update
any
of
those
systems.
They
they
need
to.
B
The
person
needs
to
go
there
and
update
the
content
themselves,
so
the
the
benefit
of
using
knapsack
compared
to
those
system
is
that
it
can.
It
can
be
updated
without
without
any
human
interaction.
So
once
we
installed
the
servers,
we
insulted
the
content
station,
it
can
get
all
the
updates
through
satellite
without
and
nobody
needs
to
be
there
to
update
this
content.
B
D
E
B
No
currently,
currently,
our
system
is
continuously
downloading
all
the
content,
and
the
reason
is
that
we
are.
We
cannot
see
the
content
before
we
actually
extract
them,
so
what
we
see
is
and
how
it
is
a
is
a
regular
ts
file
that
has
audio
on
video
and
until
we
start
extracting
them,
we
cannot
see
what's
what's
in
inside
the
inside
the
content,
so
we
can't
really
benefit
from
that
and
since
the
mechanism
does
not
does
not
add
any
cost
to
the
system,
so
we
really
didn't
didn't
follow
that.
C
Yes,
next
question
and
with
regard
to
the
colibri
yeah,
we've
been
in
contact
with
learning
a
quality
team
and
we
actually
deployed
colibri
on
our
content
station
server
in
our
pilot
project
in
mexico
and
yeah,
we
are
looking
actually
for
making
the
making
tusha
more
available
for
integration
with
other
offline
internet.
You
know
services,
including
colibri,
from
the
interfaces
all
the
way
to
internet
in
the
box.
C
You
know
having
deploying
the
system
on
android,
you
know
receivers,
so
even
the
extraction
would
be
you
know
done
automatically
on
satellite
receivers,
so
they
don't
have
to
go
through
this
process
of
recording
and
extraction.
So
it
would
be
actually,
you
know,
shared
a
stored.
You
know
recorded
stored,
extracted
stored
and
you
know
shared
over
a
wi-fi
network.
So
even
you
know
the
average
users
with
very
basic
knowledge
of,
like
you,
know,
tech
literacy.
They
can
use
and
access
the
services
and
and
data.
C
So
yeah
I
mean
some
learning
management
systems
that
can
operate
in
an
offline
situation
like
colibri
yeah.
We've
been
you
know
with
other
leader,
engineer
and
liz,
and
also
devon
to
to
explore
the
ways
that
we
can
integrate.
The
services
and
update
it,
you
know
more
frequently,
rather
just
you
know,
using
sneaker
net
strategies.
A
I
I
had
a
question
a
little
bit
from
a
maybe
less
technical
but
more
on
the
usability
aspect.
So
I'm
curious
how
you
are
testing
things
like
like
it's
very
interesting.
These
flows,
I
think
in
in
western
internet
world.
You
have
these.
These
blinders
on
of,
like
the
internet,
just
works
all
the
time
right.
You
click
the
button.
A
That
thing
happens
right,
but
these
are
very
like
disconnected
user
interaction
flows
where
you
have
a
television
and
you
have
television
hardware
and
then
you
have
a
usb
key
and
you
take
the
usb
drive,
and
then
you
load
that
into
other
external
systems
that
you
use
for
content.
Consumption,
curriculum
wikipedia
viewing
videos
things
like
this.
Have
you
have
you
worked?
Do
you
have
a
design
team
at
freedom
pioneers
and
have
you
worked
and
done
user
testing
and
user
research
into
how
how
these
flows
work
and
where
people
fall
off
in
these
flows?
B
Actually,
at
the
beginning,
the
flow
is
not
is
not
natural,
because
everybody
use
satellite
receivers
for
for
record
for
only
watching
tv.
I
actually
thought
that
was
a
struggle
that
we
had
to
get
people
to
actually
try
it
once
and
see
that
it's
a
trivial
flow.
They
don't
really
need
to
do
anything
specific,
like
recording
their
favorite
show
they
can
record
from
our
channel
and
then
connect
the
usb
flash
drive
to
their
computer
and
extract
files.
It
sounds
bizarre.
B
I
I
know
that
it
sounds
bizarre,
but
one
thing
that
we
learned
was
that
in
a
case
like
iran,
the
best
way
to
because
we
cannot
go
there,
we
cannot
have
anybody
directly
there
we
have.
We
have
people
that
they
report
to
us.
They
report
that
their
usage
or
if,
if
something
goes
wrong
or
our
signal
is
not
as
strong,
they
let
us
know
or
if
there
is
jamming
they
let
us
know,
but
obviously
we
can't
go
there.
B
So
we
found
out
that
the
best
way
to
promote
this
system
and
tell
people
how
easy
they
can
access
free
and
reliable
information
is
that
somebody
that
has
already
used
it
tell
someone
else
and
show
them
and
show
them
once
that.
Okay,
you
just
need
to
record
and
extract
it's
a
like
one
to
two
step,
really
trivial.
You
don't
need
to
have
any
knowledge
or
you
don't
need
to
make
any
modification,
and
so
that
was
that
was
a
struggle.
B
That's
a
sealer
struggle,
but
thankfully,
in
the
past
four
years
we
we
made
a
really
good
user
base
that
they're
really
interested
in
receiving
all
the
content,
and
me
myself,
if
somebody
when
I
was
in
iran,
I
moved
he
moved
out
of
iran
eight
nine
years
ago.
If
someone
back
then
was
offering
me
two
to
four
gigabytes
of
data
on
a
daily
basis,
I
would
go
around
and
tell
everybody
you
can
start
using
that
too.
B
So
we
found
that
that
that
solution
is
the
best
solution
for
us,
but
other
than
that
we
are
using
social
media
to
tell
people
how
we
use
our
slides
that
we
have
on
the
channel
to
show
them
how
they
can.
They
can
extract
for
us
and
it
becomes
pretty
easy
for
them
after
one
after
one
time
that
they
go
through
this
process.
That's
why,
for
outside
of
iran,
for
users
like
schools,
community
centers
and
places
that
we
can
have
it,
we
can
have
a
central
content
station.
We
came
up
with
that.
B
C
And
the
other
point
that
I
want
to
add
is
with
the
extractor
some
users,
you
know
when
they
are
using
that
you
know
they
they
could
be
online.
We
could
actually
collect
some
information,
but
due
to
the
situation
in
iran-
and
you
know
our
our
policy
of
having
a
privacy
built
in
in
our
system,
we
don't
collect
any
information
of
the
users
like
how
many
now,
how
many
times
you
know,
they're
extracting
the
information
or
what
files
are
they're
exploring.
C
A
So
we
have
to
collect
the
telemetry
and
we
only
use
google
analytics
to
do
that
part
and
it's
mostly
anonymous,
but
still
people
it's
in
your
situation,
it's
a
very
good
example
of
when
it's
better
to
be
safe
and
you
put
the
user
first
by
not
collecting
that
data
in
that
matter.
So
I
really
appreciate
that
one
of
the
other
questions
that
I
had
was
around
dns.
You
know
these
are
the
type
like.
I
like
archie's
talk
two
two
sessions
ago.
He
was
like
in
refugee
camps,
where
he's
trying
to
provide
content.
A
Dns
is
the
biggest
biggest
challenge
and
the
biggest
barrier
for
him
to
be
able
to
get
content
to
actually
work
offline
in
your
site,
grabber
tool.
How
have
you
worked
around
that?
Have
you
have
you
either
chosen
content
that
works
specifically,
that
way
already
or
have
you
done
hacks
and
things
like
that
to
be
able
to
spoof
dns
or
things
like
that?
Have
you
gotten
over
the
the
dns
hurdle.
B
B
So
anybody
who
wants
to
share
the
files
right
now
or
share
the
news
specifically
they
can
easily
grab
that
one
html
and
send
it
to
anybody
else.
That
was
the
whole
idea
behind
the
site,
grabber
and
that's
why,
for
example,
in
our
site,
grabber
we'll
remove
all
the
interactive
features
of
all
the
websites,
so
they
are
literally.
F
B
If
you
want
more
in-depth
information
about
the
process
that
they
that
led
to
this
design,
but
at
what
I
know
is
that
we
explore
different
different
configurations.
For
example,
we
explored
that
we
don't
have
any
audio
and
video
and
we
just
transferred
data,
but
we
ran
into
trouble
because
the
receivers
were
not
recording
because
they
couldn't
decode
the
channel
at
all.
They
were
dropping
all
the
packets.
B
B
On
the
second
audio
channel,
we
put
the
files,
we
put
the
content,
we
put
the
ts
that
are
containing
our
files
and
because
the
first
two
are
recognizable
for
the
receiver
and
they
can
actually
play
it
and
show
it
on
the
tv
they
when
they
record
the
the
channel,
the
ts
would
be
recorded
entirely,
so
all
three
layers
would
be
recorded
and
makes
us
able
to
extract
the
files
from
from
that
from
that
package.
I
know
that
that
was
one
of
the
challenges
they
were
facing
and
they
were
they.
B
They
tested
it
with
different
types
of
mpeg,
but
I
believe
mpeg2
was
the
best
solution
for
us,
because
it
was
providing
us
with
a
null
packet
in
their
design
and
that
null
packet
helped
us
a
lot.
We,
as
I
said,
we
use
that
in
our
packet
that
we,
so
we
don't
touch
the
header
and
we
only
touch
the
we
only
inject
the
data
to
the
payload
so
later
on.
B
B
D
I
have
another
question:
well
a
few
comments.
Actually,
the
first
question
is
related
to
air
time.
So,
if
you're
using
a
hundred
percent
of
your
available
air
time
or
you're
using
low
less
than
100
and
if
you're,
using
less
than
100
of
it,
if
you're
using
any
strategy
for
specifically
for
like
er
error,.
D
C
D
And
six
of
them
any
of
the
six
of
them.
You
can
read
information.
So
in
these
cases,
where
you,
you
might
have
a
clothes
or
something
that
might
stop
you
from
fetching
a
piece
of
it,
it
allows
you
to
be
able
to
reveal
information,
even
though
you
haven't
got
the
whole
package,
and
I
think
it
would
be
very
useful,
then,
and
and
two
more
comments.
One
is
in
relation
to
a
packaging
format
that
is
being
cooked,
a
website
packaging
format
that
has
been
cooked.
That
is
called
web
package.
D
D
So
if
you
fetch
it
as
a
an
encrypted
request,
because
it's
location
based,
you
will
still
be
exposing
that
you're
accessing
that
website.
So
in
that
sense,
you
you
don't
know
which
website
you
you,
which
part
of
the
site
you're
accessing,
but
because
of
its
location,
you
are
giving
away
a
lot
of
information.
D
On
the
other
hand,
you
don't
need
so
if
the
information
is
public
enough
or
if
you
don't
mind
giving
away
the
information
that
you're
sharing,
you
there's
a
lot
that
you
can
gain
because
by
being
signed,
it
can't
be
tampered
with,
but
you
can
cache
it
and
you
can
you
can
forward
it.
For
example,
you
can
share
it
via
bluetooth
or
via
offline
mechanisms
or
peer
to
peer
mechanisms
without
breaking
the
the
information
that
would
be
very
useful
for
your
project
and
thank.
E
D
This
is
like
a
village
where
they
have
set
up
a
wireless
network
and
in
that
village
they
have
very
little
energy
like
no
infrastructure,
and
the
system
that
they
have
created
for
themselves
is
there's
one
person
in
the
village
that
usually
roams
from
their
village
to
the
main
city
and
in
the
main
city.
This
person
has
access
to
prado
band
or
like
a
very,
very
narrow
road
for
our
typical
use
case,
but
broadband
for
them
yeah.
D
So
the
villagers
ask
him
hey.
Please
fetch
me
something
about
this
topic
or
or
please
search
a
video
about
these
other
topics.
So
this
person,
when
he
goes
to
the
city
he
looks
around
on
the
internet,
he
he
downloads
content
and
when
he
goes
back,
he
hosts
them
on
a
raspberry
pi
in
his
village
and
the
the
villagers
can
access
this
content.
Is
there
any
system
that
you
might
have
in
place
to
do
this?
D
I
I
know
that
you,
I
don't
remember
if
it's
with
your
project
or
the
outer
net
flush
project,
other
net
project
alternate
project.
Sorry,
I
I
get
messed
up
with
these
two
projects,
yeah
that
there
were
a
way
to
ask
for
something
and
I'd
rather
remember
it
was
if
it
was
a
spreadsheet
on
the
on
on
the
web
or
something
like
that.
D
B
We
can
we
can
we
can
we
get
requests
from
our
users,
they
can't
send
the
request
through
their
through
their
satellite.
Obviously,
it's
a
one-way
connection,
but
we
we
are
in
contact
with
our
users
because
in
iran
most
of
the
people
they
have
access
to
the
internet,
but
the
internet
is
not
reliable,
so
how
they
they
can.
B
They
can
contact
us,
they
can
email
us,
they
can
phone
call,
they
can
call
us,
they
can
send
us
text
messages
they
and
we
are
available
on
all
social
media
platforms
and
like
whatsapp
telegram
so
on,
so
they
can
contact
us
and
we
receive
hundreds
of
messages
every
day
requesting
for
different
types
of
content.
So
we
have
that
channel,
but
that
channel
is
obviously
not
true
through
the
infrastructure
that
we
have.
B
D
D
B
C
Yeah
with
anna
and
rafael
yeah,
we
we've
been,
you
know
in
contact
with
them.
I
learned
about
their
project,
especially
the
amazon
project
that
they
are
doing.
You
know
for
sending
so
yeah.
Definitely
especially
you
know
their
their
challenge.
Was
it's
a
two-way.
You
know
communication,
but
still
you
know
the
bandwidth
that
they
have
and
they
can
tap
onto
it's
very
limited,
very
limited,
but
the
the
idea
is
basically
you
know.
Most
of
the
benefits
are
consumed
for
download
right,
rather
just
you
know
offload,
so
they
can
still
like.
C
You
know,
sending
some
requests,
making
some
requests
and
on
the
other
way
back,
we
can,
you
know,
bundle
the
content
it
either
automatically
or
manually
and
transfer
the
content
over
there
either.
You
know
it
could
be
shared
over
a
wi-fi
network
similar
to
an
outside
content
station
or
the
users.
They
can
receive
the
content.
You
know
on
their
own
using
the
satellite.
You
know
fta
dishes,
and
the
other
thing
is
with
with
this
content
that
we
are
sending.
C
Is
we
rather,
for
example,
in
iran
or
afghanistan?
We
rather
it's.
It
covers
the
whole
region.
So
it's
a
bit.
You
know
complicated
to
it's
a
broadcasting,
it's
not
unicasting
or
multicasting,
so
the
content
has
to
be
kind
of
universal
or
you
know.
If
you
are
sending
to
a
specific
person
or
a
specific
group,
you
know
we
have
some
ways
to
encrypt.
You
know
part
of
that
fondle,
so
specific
users,
they
can
only
only
use
that
service.
C
A
It's
one
of
those
things
where
the
like
this
specification
speaks
to,
especially
in
its
use
cases,
so
many
of
the
things
that
projects
like
knapsack
are
doing
and
ipfs
and
a
bunch
of
related
projects,
but
from
the
infrastructural
standpoint.
As
long
as
that
dependency
on
the
security
model
of
the
web
exists,
you
can
only
get
so
far.
It's
really
it's
really
hard.
D
Well,
I
I
would
I
yes,
but
I
would
say
so
so
right
now,
most
of
the
computers
are
distributed
are
set
up
by
from
factory
or
from
your
from
the
very
moment
that
you
set
them
up
with
root
certificates
installed.
So
you
can
rely
on
those,
though
it's
the
mo
the
least
the
the
the
least
trust
worthy
like
that
you
you,
you
can't
rely
as
much
as
any
other
yeah,
of
course,
but
again
the
the
benefits,
our
outcome,
the
the
the
out.
D
A
Yeah
yeah,
by
the
way
I
agree,
it's
it's
a
really
hard.
It's
a
really
hard
problem
right,
and
one
thing
that
I
think
is
interesting
about
this
is
that
it's
a
specification
that
affects
decision
making
and
technology
adoption
for
2,
5,
10,
15
years
down
the
road.
If
people
adopt
web
packaging-
and
that's-
I
think,
that's
one
of
the
reasons
why,
for
projects
like
this,
I
think
like
I
would
be
very
reticent
to
to
adopted
wholesale,
because
then
you
have
that
dependency
for
the
next
10
5
10
15
years.
Also.
A
Getting
hardware
into
like
the
root
certificates
is
something
that
every
single
phone
manufacturer
tweaks
when
they
put
hardware
into
a
specific
market.
So
if
I
am
huawei
and
I
want
to
get
huawei
phones
sold
in
iran,
the
I
need
iranian
version
of
of
the
fcc
to
approve
each
one
of
those
root
certificates.
D
But
then
I
I
think
it
is
like
I
well
this.
This
might
be
stranding
away
from
the
the
conversation.
But
again
there
are
a
few
other
projects
that
have
tried
to
package
the
web
in
a
certain
way,
for
example
amp
the
amp
project
or
facebook
internet.org
or
whatever,
and
it
is
super
important
that
we
get
into
this
conversation
and-
and
these
are
very
valid
options
like
this
well,
the
web
package
is
one:
the
web
archiving
resource
form
the
work
format.
D
These
are
things
that
and
it
is
on
our
hands
like,
for
example,
for
but
by
by
by
them
and
for
us,
for
example,
two
in
the
from
the
community
network
from
the
user's
perspective.
We
need
to
try
out
these
technologies
because
it's
at
our
way
to
participate
in
this
discussion,
if
not
we're
just
leaving
the
the
conversation
for
the
big
players
and
it's
yeah.
A
A
So
you're
like
a
write-up
from
knapsack
for
hope
on.
We
could
not
looking
at
this
web
package
specification,
which
is
the
basically
the
standardized
version
of
amp
by
google.
We
could
not
adopt
it
for
our
use
case,
and
here
is:
why
is
the
type
of
feedback
that
the
standards
bodies
desperately
need
and
it
affects
how
they
make
this
the
decision?
So
I
think
I
think
that's
a
fantastic
point.
I
I
agree
completely
have
to
be
part
of
the
conversation.
D
Yes,
the
tooling
is
one
weak
point
in
distance
because
it's
a
very
early
stage
of
the
protocol,
so
there
are
not
many
tools
around
for
the
web
package.
At
least
I
haven't
found
many
because
it's
also
an
exploration.
It
is
different
for,
for
example,
work
the
web
archiving
format
where
it
is
not
good
for
your
use,
not
the
best
for
your
use
case,
because
it
is
basically
the
tcp.
D
It's
like
a
tcp
ramp
like
it's
like
the
exchange
of
packages
at
the
very
level
low
level
written
down
in
an
archive
in
in
a
tar
file
like
a
in
a
in
a
target
set
file.
So
it
is
difficult
to
search.
It
is
difficult
to
open
it
to
process
it
and
it
brings
things
that
you
might
not
even
need
so
tailor-made
html
would
be
the
best
for
the
bandwidth
that
you
have,
but
still
it
is
something
that
to
keep
to
keep
in
mind.
D
This
is
that
you're
saying
like
we
need
to
be
very
banned
with
efficient.
Then
this
is
not
as
it
is.
It
doesn't
serve
our
use
case.
Okay,
then,
what
should
be
added
to
the
to
the
syst
to
the
system,
to
the
protocol
or
to
the
underlying
tools
that
would
effectively
solve
that
problem,
so
you
could
use
it
because
the
other
features
might
be
very
valuable
for
the
for,
for,
for
the
project
and
also
being
part
of
the
conversation
is
very
valuable.
A
D
A
For
the
hour,
I
really
wanted
to
thank
evan
for
coming
today.
It's
been
a
fascinating
presentation,
a
great
conversation
thanks,
everybody
for
participating
and
giannis
is
gonna
take
over
hosting
for
next
couple
of
months.
So
we'll
have
update
the
issue
for
this
meeting.
If
you
have
suggestions
of
things
projects,
you
would
like
to
see
come
and
present.
Please
do
do
suggest
and
maybe
file
an
issue
in
the
repo
thanks
again
everybody
thank
you.