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From YouTube: Higher Education in Crisis
Description
Scott Jaschik, Editor of Inside Higher Ed, discusses the challenges facing higher education institutions and the students they serve. May 12, 2020.
A
A
We
know
a
lot
of
you
have
a
lot
of
questions
about
what
is
the
status
of
things
and
what
do
we
know
about
what
to
expect
coming
up
and
try
to
get
your
questions
answers
so
that
you
can
make
some
decisions
as
you
move
forward
to
finalize
this
legislative
session
and
head
into
your
next
legislative
session
today
who
we
have
with
us,
Scott,
jessic
and
Sonny
da?
Who
is
our
education
higher
education
experts
before
we
get
started?
I
just
wanted
to
run
through
the
protocol
for
today's
virtual
meeting.
A
We
want
to
make
sure
that
you
join
by
video
but
other
than
phone
so
that
you
can
take
full
advantage
of
Ewing
the
slides
and
also
we'd
love
it.
If
you
turn
your
video
cameras
on
so
that
we
can
see
you
and
it
feels
more
like
an
in-person
meeting,
we
would
also
ask
that
you
add
your
phone
name
to
your
tile
as
well
as
your
state
or
the
organization
you
represents,
so
that
we
know
for
security
purposes.
Who
is
joining
our
meeting?
A
A
B
Hello:
everyone,
Thank
You,
Michelle,
I'm,
sunny
day
I
work
with
NCS
l's,
post-secondary
team
out
of
our
Denver
office
and
also
on
the
line
today
are
my
colleagues
Marilyn
Villalobos
and
your
Smalley,
as
well
as
our
DC
federal
committee,
director
Austin
Reed.
So
we
welcome
your
questions
in
the
chat
box
and
we
will
address
them
throughout
this
hour.
We've
titled
this
virtual
meeting
higher
education
in
crisis
because
there
are
so
many
unknowns.
For
example,
will
students
return
in
the
fall?
What
are
liabilities
to
campuses
if
they
close
or
if
they
don't?
B
What
will
happen
to
students
who
need
to
transfer?
Who
need
to
stop
temporarily
and
I
wanted
to
mention
that
it's
important
also
to
understand
the
demographics
of
today's
students.
The
students
were
accessing
higher
education.
Now,
nearly
half
of
undergraduate
students
attend
community
colleges.
Almost
forty
percent
of
today's
higher
ed
students
are
working
adults.
So,
as
you
might
imagine,
these
students
are
now
facing
additional
challenges
that
are
already
challenges
during
normal
times
like
access
to
childcare
and
transportation,
and
food
and
housing
and
above
all,
affordability.
B
B
B
We
have
a
speaker
who
follows
education
policy
trends
across
the
states
and
among
higher
education
institutions
who
can
speak
to
some
of
the
challenges
facing
states
and
institutions
and
systems
and
perhaps
shed
some
light
on
the
areas
where
state
legislature
should
continue
to
focus
their
attention
in
this
very
fast-moving
environment
and
pleased
to
introduce
mr.
Scott
jessic
editor.
One
of
and
one
of
the
founders
of
Inside
Higher
Ed
Scott
is
a
leading
voice
on
higher
education
issues.
B
He's
quoted
regularly
in
publications
nationwide,
he
publishes
articles
on
colleges
in
publications
such
as
the
New
York
Times
in
the
Boston
Globe
in
the
Washington.
Post
he's
also
served
as
editor
at
The
Chronicle
of
Higher
Education
and
needless
to
say,
Scott
is
well
versed
and
all
of
the
issues
you're
confronting
right
now
as
state
policymakers
in
the
arena
of
higher
education
Scott.
B
I
know
these
are
on
your
mind
too,
and
I'm
looking
forward
to
hearing
what
other
issues
you
might
flag
as
needing
immediate
attention
and
what
really
is
a
crisis
time
for
higher
education,
so
Scott
thanks
again
for
being
here,
I'll,
let
you
take
over
and
we
will
continue
to
keep
keep
our
eye
on
that
chat
box
throughout
and
continue
to
pose.
Questions
to
you
thank.
C
You
so
much
for
your
introduction
and
welcome
to
all
of
you
for
to
this
program.
First
off
I
want
to
say
that
the
title
of
higher
education
in
crisis
is
not
an
exaggeration.
It
is
in
crisis
right
now.
Higher
ed
has
never
moved
as
quickly
and
as
broadly
as
it
did
in
getting
the
students
to
go
home.
You
know
higher
ed
mobilized
massively
to
to
do
this
and
that's
great.
They
needed
to
do
it,
and-
and
you
know
so,
it's
great-
they
did
it.
But
what
happens
now?
C
What
are
the
questions
and,
as
a
see
I
can
see
some
of
your
questions
in
the
chat
box.
The
first
and
most
important
question
I
think
is:
will
the
students
come
back
the
FAFSA?
You
know
that
statistics
that
Sonny
cited
suggest
that
they're
not
going
to
be
as
many
students
as
there
were
in
the
past,
and
there
have
been
a
series
of
polls.
Most
of
the
polls
have
been
of
traditional
age
students,
while
the
FAFSA
should
pick
up
all
trends
and
they
suggest
that
it's
not
going
to
be
the
same.
C
Students
are
not
is
excited
about
online
education
as
they
are
about
in-person
education
and
also
students
who
are
going
far
from
home
are
now
looking
at
places
close
to
home
if
they're
looking
at
all
now,
what
do
you
make
of
the
fact
that
a
lot
of
colleges
are
announcing
that
they're
gonna
be
back?
All
is
gonna
be
well
and
they're
gonna
enroll,
you
know
we
see
this
in
Texas
a
lot
of
colleges.
I,
don't
know
if
you
have
any
Texans
here,
but
a
lot
of
colleges
are
saying
they're
gonna
come
back.
C
Other
colleges
are
saying
not
so
fast.
If
you
I
just
saw
a
great
explanation
from
Assumption
College
today
about
why
they
can't
say
if
they're
going
to
be
back
and
and
I
think
that's
probably
an
honest
answer,
they
don't
know
now.
Why
don't?
They
know
the
American
College
Health
Association
released
a
guide
for
how
colleges
prepare
to
come
back
and,
among
other
things,
they
said
to
operate
efficiently
in
an
on-campus
environment.
You
need
to
have
access
to
a
lot
of
testing
of
you
know
of
students.
Do
they
have
coronavirus?
C
You
need
to
have
a
system
for
contact
tracing,
which
means
for
every
student
who
is
found
to
have
coronavirus.
You
need
to
immediately
be
able
to
determine
who
they
had,
who
exposed
who
they
were
exposed
to,
and
you
need
to
have
a
separate
rooms
in
isolation
for
those
who
are
isolated
now
this
would
be
impossible,
in
my
opinion,
at
a
large
University
with
many
many
students
and
most
public
universities
are
large
I'm.
Looking
at
you
know,
we've
got
Colorado
Oregon
Virginia
at
New,
Mexico
Georgia.
C
Here
you
have
some
smaller
colleges
and
certainly
some
small
private
colleges,
but
most
of
your
colleges
are
large
and
that's
really
difficult.
You
know,
if
you
want
to
think
about
the
fact
that
you
know
you
may
be
afraid
to
fly
in
an
airplane.
Well,
why
should
you
not
be
afraid
to
go
in
a
large
lecture
room
where
there
are
lots
and
lots
of
students?
C
Colleges
in
in
this
environment
are
just
going
to
be
very,
are
very
much
exposed
to
other
people's
diseases,
and
it's
not
just
coronavirus.
Cotton
campus
is
a
great
way
to
spread
anything
and,
and
students
do
spread
disease
every
year,
but
it's
not
as
dangerous
as
coronavirus.
Now
I
know
that
some
of
you
are
saying:
well,
students
aren't,
you
know,
aren't
a
high
risk
group
now.
C
First
of
all,
that's
debatable
because
a
lot
of
students
have
been
dying
or
getting
coronavirus,
but
the
faculty
are
a
high
risk
group,
or
at
least
some
of
them
are
eight
by
age
by
a
diseases
that
they
have
had
conditions
that
they
have.
They
are
a
high-risk
group,
so
I'm
not
saying
that
colleges
will
not
reopen
I'm
just
saying
to
reopen
responsibly.
C
C
Think
it's
particularly
hard
in
New,
York
City
I
need
to
be
particularly
hard
in
New
York
City
people
accept
that
that
a
lot
of
a
lot
of
students
are
just
in
an
environment
where
everyone's
around,
but
for
for
dealing
with
coronavirus,
defense,
it's
not
a
good
environment,
and
it's
not
a
surprise
that
Governor
Cuomo
and
that
the
New
York
legislature
have
not
set
a
quick
date
for
New
York
City,
especially
to
reopen
the
other
thing
that
I
want
to
mention
about
New
York
State
is
a
lot
of
the
funding.
Is
it
funding?
C
Is
not
the
only
decision?
There
are
private
colleges
in
New,
York
State.
That
also
needs
the
states
okay
to
reopen,
and
when
I
give
you
an
example
of
wells
College.
They
are
a
private
college
in
in
the
Finger
Lakes
region,
beautiful,
College,
they're,
very,
very
small
College
500
students.
They
could
probably
function
with
social
distancing
but
for
them
to,
but
they
need
to
reopen
and
Wells
has
said
that
if
the
state
doesn't
give
them
permission
to
reopen,
they
will
close
permanently
because
they
depend
on
this.
C
The
rumen
Board
fees
from
students
to
operate,
and
so
this
just
goes
to
show
that
you,
you
know
you
can
be
urban
or
rural.
You've
got
a
big
problem
in
and
whether
or
not
you
and
reopen
and
and
I
think
in
particular,
it's
going
to
be
some
of
the
small
poor
private
colleges
that
are
not
going
to
survive,
and
that
leads
me
to
the
next
question:
who
will
survive
and
and
who
is
in
danger?
C
You
know
they
are
a
branch
of
Franklin
University
which
isn't
closing,
but
my
point
is
only
that
there
are
numerous
small
colleges
that
are
going
to
close
we've
been
in
a
period
of
time
when
small
colleges
have
been
in
danger,
but
the
the
corona
virus
epidemic
has
made
it
just.
You
know
impossible
for
many
small
colleges
to
function
and
to
survive
and
I
think
we're
gonna
see
more
of
them
closed
in
the
next
month.
C
Now,
what
about
larger
public
universities,
I,
don't
think
are
going
to
close
most
of
them,
but
I
think
they're
going
to
be
under
pressure
to
either
from
Sutton
some
states.
The
governors
are
gonna,
want
them
to
reopen
and
in
some
states
that
the
governor's
I
didn't
want
them
closed,
tend
to
close
for
the
time
being
and
I
think
this
is
one
of
the
key
questions
for
legislators.
C
C
Please
please
talk
to
the
public
health
experts
in
the
state
and
listen
to
them.
Do
not
listen
to
the
the
football
coaches
who
are
telling
you
that
you
have
two
football
boosters
I
should
say
we're
telling
you
have
to
play
football.
Maybe
it's
safe,
but
I
I
am
doubtful
and,
and
you
need
to
get
an
honest
discussion
going
about
about
what
is
possible
and
and
that's
the
key
things
that,
when
the
campuses
are
shut
down,
how
are
you
going
to
to
make
it
possible
now
there's
a
question
here?
C
Is
the
NCAA
not
going
to
come
up
with
a
nationwide
policy
on
that?
Well,
in
theory,
they
will
but
look
at
what
the
NCAA
president
said
recently.
He
said:
if
there
aren't
all
the
students
on
campus,
we
won't
play
sports.
You
can't
just
bring
the
athletes
back
or
just
bring
the
athletes
and
a
few
students
back.
So
what
is
going
to
happen?
If,
if
on
some
campuses,
you
have
students
and
on
others,
you
don't
what's
going
to
happen.
If,
on
some
campuses,
you
do
not
have
permission
for
fans
to
watch
games.
C
If
you
didn't
see
the
proposal
of
the
baseball
owners,
they
are
proposing,
evidently
that
we
played
a
year
without
any
fans.
How
is
that
going
to
function?
And
that's
gonna
be
a
really
key
question.
I'd,
say
I
want
to
get
to
your
questions,
but
I
just
want
to
say
a
few
things
about
what
I
think
legislators
need
to
do.
First,
above
all,
legislators
need
to
be
aware
that
the
college
is
getting
the
most
money
from
Congress
are
not
the
colleges
that
serve
the
most
low-income
students.
C
C
You've
got
to
really
you
know,
talk
to
people
about
what's
necessary
now,
I
want
to
turn
to
some
of
these
questions.
Students
in
off-campus
housing
often
did
not
get
prorated
refunds,
that's
correct.
They
are
concerned
about
committing
to
come
back.
If
school
may
be
shut
down
again,
I
would
say
they
should
be
concerned.
C
They,
the
the
prorated
refunds
for
room
and
board,
were
either
encouraged
or
required
by
many,
not
by
many
states
or
by
the
colleges,
and
so
they
need,
but
the
colleges
have
no
control
over
off-campus
housing.
Now
you
may
have
some
control
I,
don't
know
if
it's
you
or
the
localities
in
your
states,
but
that's
very
tough
to
to
legislate
about
and
so
I
think.
Students
in
off-campus
housing
were
really
screwed.
Pardon
my
language
and
then
really
have
to
be
careful
about
what
they
want
to
do.
Let's
see,
are
there
other
sunny?
B
C
Yes,
institutions
are
giving
that
back
mainly
to
their
Pell
Grant
students.
Pell
Grant
students
were
favored
in
the
formula.
The
reason
that
you
they
go,
oh
great,
that's
great
for
community
colleges
they
educate,
so
many
students
are
Pell
eligible,
but
you
had
to
be
a
full-time
student
to
count
and
many
community
colleges
and
roll
very
few
community,
very
few
full-time
students.
So
the
community
colleges
did
not
get
do
out,
but
yeah
those
who
have
it
are
giving
it
back,
but
I
think
it's
important
to
remember.
B
Certainly
efficiency
is
something
we've
been
talking
about
for
a
while,
and
so
there
was
that
big
story
in
the
news
from
Massachusetts,
where
a
small
campus
closed
pretty
late
in
the
spring
and
really
didn't
give
a
heads
up.
And/Or
the
state,
policymakers
or
kind
of
it
was
a
surprise
to
everyone
already
been
talking
about
Massachusetts
approach
and
we
do
have
a
legislature
on
the
way
in
from
Massachusetts.
If
we
want
to
ask
him
questions
about
that,
but
what
what
do
you
think?
C
The
college
is
in
danger
in
Massachusetts,
our
small
private
colleges
and,
and
they
are
in
danger
in
the
rest
of
the
United
States
too,
but
very
small
and
private.
Under
a
thousand
students,
no
meaningful
endowment,
that's
who's
in
danger.
Now
the
question
now
is
going
to
be:
will
public
colleges
take
the
same
approach
in
Georgia,
for
instance,
Georgia's
become
like
the
king
of
mergers.
They
have
been
merging
colleges
for
a
few
years,
but
their
mergers
are
not
don't
shut
a
campus.
C
They
they
combine
two
colleges
that
are
relatively
close
together
physically
and
have
a
single
president,
but
they
aren't
shutting
campuses
on
I.
Think
the
big
question
is
whether
we'll
see
shutting
of
campuses.
Now
in
Vermont,
there
was
a
proposal
to
close
three
campuses
through
our
parts
of
three
campuses
and
it
got
withdrawn
on
the
was
so
much
opposition
to
it.
A
problem
is,
if
you
are
a
state,
a
college
is
an
important
economic
resource
to
the
people
who
live
near.
C
It
has
nothing
to
do
with
education,
but
they
depend
on
the
college
for
their
for
their.
You
know,
for
you,
know
everything
really
in
some
small
college
towns
they're
the
main
employer,
the
means
you
know,
social,
I
and
and
and
they're
going
and
so
they're
gonna
be
very,
very
insistent
that
they
not
close
the
thing
that
may
force
the
issue,
and
no
you
know
no
one's
advocating
for
college
closures
is
that
if,
if
the
states
need
to
cut
budgets
by
so
much,
then
they
might
look
at
closures.
C
I
want
to
comment
on
something:
that's
in
the
chat
box.
It
says
the
right
thing
seems
to
be
quite
the
subject
and
I
agree.
The
right
thing
may
seem.
You
know
like
an
obvious
thing.
You
know
what's
right,
but
it's
not
you
know.
What's
right
depends
on
how
much
money
you
have
depends
on
whether
you
can
adequately
financed
colleges.
You
know,
I
think
a
state's
colleges
when
they
fund
them
at
levels
that
are
inappropriate.
C
Frankly,
funding
for
mediocrity
is
not
necessarily
a
good
thing,
and
yet
that
may
seem
the
right
thing
to
do,
and,
and
so
you
really
need
to
think
about.
How
are
you
going
to
fund
minimal
levels
and
also
important
is
how
are
you
going
to
serve
the
students
minority
students
first-generation
students
go
to
community
colleges,
go
to
go
to
public
regional
public
universities
that
do
not
get
as
much
money
as
flagship
state
universities.
The
flagships
have
endowments.
C
B
You
know
and
I'll
just
mention
them
briefly-
that
there's
a
lot
of
conversation
around
efficiency
and
sort
of
what
what
policies
might
support
community
colleges
in
this
environment
right
and
then
some
questions
about
whether
they
should
be
offering
any
four-year
degrees.
And/Or
right,
replicating
other
programs
that
may
be
accessible.
Have
you
seen
anything
that
you
think
isn't
of
interest?
B
C
A
lot
is
going
on
with
community
colleges
that
I
think
you
should
be
paying
attention
to
on
community
colleges
in
some
ways
by
the
nature
of
the
word.
Community
tend
to
obstruct
like
the
concept
of
well
efficiency.
Well,
we've
got
for
community
colleges
in
our
state
and
they
all
are
teaching
a
program
in
acts.
So
let's
just
combine
them
well,
people
value
community
colleges
for
being
able
to
go,
someplace
really
close,
and
they
want
to
be
able
to
go
there
now
if
they're
online.
C
Obviously
you
can
do
more,
and
but
community
colleges
have
a
tricky
tricky
record
with
online
enrollment.
On
the
one
hand
they
do
it
and
they
welcome
online
students,
but
some
at-risk
students
tend
not
to
do
well
with
community
colleges
online
therein.
Let
me
give
an
example:
many
this
semester,
when
many
community
colleges
what
everyone
has
gone
online
community
colleges,
have
kept
their
parking
lot.
C
C
Community
College
students
do
not
have
that
community
college
students
also
don't
have
necessarily
have
a
good
computer
to
work
on
for
many
poor
students
and
poor
I
mean
low
income,
not
poor
performers
on
the
phone.
It
is
their
device
and
you
need
to
think
about
that.
You
know
I
love
my
phone,
but
I
wouldn't
want
to
to
do
it
on
to
take
a
course
on
my
phone
and
that's
why
a
lot
of
colleges
have
been
giving
community
college
students
laptops
to
use.
C
So
you
know
it's
just
a
real
mess,
but
on
a
four-year
degree,
some
community
colleges,
particularly
in
Florida,
really
has
taken
off,
have
moved
into
four-year
degrees.
The
difference
in
the
reception
of
four-year
colleges
in
Florida,
public
and
private
has
been
wonderful.
They
have
said,
please
go
for
it
because
they
don't
have
enough
space
for
their
students,
but
in
Michigan
when
they
tried
the
four-year
colleges
organized
against
it.
So
it
really
depends
where
you
are.
C
How
likely
that
is
to
happen,
looks
like
some
good
questions
came
in
regarding
the
question
on
Higher
Education
impact
on
teacher
prep,
there's
been
a
significant
effects
challenge
to
get
teachers
in
the
program
trying
to
compete,
complete
requirements
such
as
licensure
exams
and
our
student
teaching
completed.
We
have
an
upcoming
meeting
that
will
focus
on
the
issue.
So
here's
what
I'd
say
you
need
to
show
flexibility,
but
you
also
need
to
assure
that
your
standards
are
still
net
and
how
to
do
that.
I
cannot
tell
you,
but
the
flexibility
is
in.
You
know.
C
Most
states
have
tighter
regulation
of
teacher
prep
than
they
have
had
in
previous
years
and
I
would
say
if
States
should
not
wipe
the
slate
clean,
but
they
might
find
some
ways
to
temporarily
loosen
up
some
regulations
to
let
people
teach
but
I
would
I
would
be
very,
very
careful
in
doing
that.
I've
read
some
articles
from
inside
higher
ed
that
study
abroad.
Program
providers
may
be
going
out
of
business
from
this.
Can
you
discuss
the
future
of
study
abroad
providers?
Okay.
C
Home
I
had
a
niece
who
was
rushed
home
from
Spain
when
the
virus
broke
there
and
it's
a
big
mess
I
you
know
she's
home
and
taking
courses
and
whatever,
but
it's
not
what
she
wanted,
but
study
abroad
generally
is
going
to
be
very
badly
and
these
these
companies
are
laying
off
massive
numbers
of
people.
They
are
shutting
down
their
programs
now
I
believe
that
study
abroad
will
be
back.
Study
Abroad
is
an
important
part
of
a
college
education
or
many
people's
college
education.
C
It's
going
to
be,
you
know
it's
gonna
come
back,
but
there
may
be
a
period
of
time
when
it's
not
and
I
think
it's
important
for
colleges
to
think
about.
How
are
they
going
to
preserve
the
fact
that
College
for
many
students
is
a
place
where
they
interact
with
students
from
all
over
the
world
colleges
in
the
fall,
the
one
they
may
not
be
in
session,
but
even
if
they
are
in
session
they're
not
going
to
be
getting
students
from
abroad
or
not
beginning
new
students
from
abroad?
C
So
it's
more
important
than
ever
that
that
colleges
be
international
in
some
sense
that
they
can
be
that
they
can
be
the
schools
are
facing
regarding
grading
regarding
refunds,
value
of
online
learning,
etc.
There
are
many
suits
that
have
been
brought
it's
too
early
to
say
whether
who's
gonna
win
I
tend
to
think
that
in
most
cases
the
colleges
are
gonna
win
the
suits
over
this
semester.
My
stress
is
on
this
semester:
colleges,
weren't
scheming,
to
come
up
with
some
sort
of
way
to
rip
off
their
students
and
they
had
to
convert
now.
C
C
I
think
parents
are
gonna,
look
very
carefully
for
at
what's
in
the
contracts,
and
students
are
going
to
look
very
carefully
what's
in
the
contracts,
so
they're
going
to
really
care
and
be
much
more
prone
to
a
to
get
a
lawsuit,
a
question
about
competency
assessments.
This
is
so
important.
One
of
the
big
trends
in
higher
education
in
the
last
five
to
ten
years-
and
many
of
you
have
no
doubt
been
involved
in
it-
has
been
the
move
toward
assessment
in
higher
education
and
that's
been
very
on
the
whole.
C
Very
good
colleges
have
to
prove
that
they
are
doing
something
now
what
happens
when
colleges
immediately
evacuate
and
they
can't
a
do
an
assessment
and
even
their
their
testing.
They
have
to
teach
pass/fail
and
so
forth.
Here
again,
I
think
this
semester
people
are
going
to
college
as
a
bit
of
a
break
they're
going
to
accept
that
colleges
can't
do
everything,
or
at
least
they
certainly
can't
do
everything
with
no
notice,
but
it's
gonna
be
next
semester.
C
C
A
student
who
is
a
wealthy
student
who
just
graduated
from
high
school
is
going
to
be.
Ultimately
it's
going
to
be
fine,
they're
going
to
be
miserable
at
home,
but
they're
gonna
get
back
and
they're
gonna
be
fine.
A
community
college
student
could
may
not
have
a
home
to
go
back
to
may
or
may
have
an
uncomfortable
home
to
go
back
to
where
there
is
not
the
same.
Support
and
I
think
that
if
that
happens
well,
that
is
happening.
It's
essential
to
provide
the
services.
C
Now,
it's
very
important
to
note
services
can
continue
when,
from
afar
you
know,
centers
of
counseling
tend
to
work
from
afar.
Academic
advising
can
go
on
from
afar,
but
you
need
to
make
sure
that
this
is
recognized
and
supported
by
your
by
your
legislators.
A
testing
is
a
huge
concern.
What
are
you
hearing
about
the
availability
of
testing
and
who
will
pay
for?
Yes,
that
is
a
huge
concern.
I
mean
it
relates
to
this
semester.
A
lot
of
colleges
went
pass/fail
and
a
lot
of
professors.
C
You
know
took
the
opportunity
to
sort
of
go
easy
on
on
the
students,
and
you
know
I
can't
blame
the
professor's
for
going
easy
on
students.
They
had
to
go
undergo
a
major
change
in
very
little
time.
Oh,
not
not
the
question
testing
for
Co
mid.
This
fall
okay
testing
for
Kogan.
The
key
questions.
Are
our
tests
going
to
be
available
for
all
students
to
come
back
and
not
just
students
showing
symptoms,
but
all
students
and
right
now
in
many
communities?
I
do
not
think
there
is
a
positive
answer
to
that.
B
C
I
mean,
and
particularly
right
now,
if,
as
some
people
think
now,
just
some
people
think
this
many
students
will
go
to
a
community
college
in
the
fall
and
not
go
to
other
to
the
places
they
were
not
supposed
to
go
to.
If
this
happens
or
just
regularly,
because
many
community
college
students
would
be
great
students
to
transfer
to
a
four-year
institution,
there's
gonna
be
pressure
to
make
sure
the
courses
taught
the
count,
and
you
know,
community
college
transfer
is
something
that
people
say
that
say
they
are
doing
right
and
everyone
says
they're
doing
it
right.
C
But
if
really
community
college
transfer
works
well,
there
should
be
a
lot
more
four-year
degrees
from
a
student
going
to
years
of
Community
College
two
years
in
four-year
college.
That
is
very
hard
to
do,
and
so
I
think
there
will
be
pressure
to
check
on
that.
What
are
you
hearing
about
reconnecting
adult
workers
who
are
underemployed
unemployed
to
higher
education?
This
is
one
of
the
most
important
questions,
because
we
have
I,
think
33
million
unemployed
people
and
actually
we
just
have
33
million
people
filing
for
unemployment.
There.
C
Who
are
unemployed?
This
is
a
great
opportunity,
I
hate
to
say
it
for
higher
education.
Higher
education
historically
has
done
well
in
times
when
there's
a
lot
of
people
who
are
employed
by
an
unemployed
person
does
not
want
to
spend
a
lot
of
money
on
tuition.
An
unemployed
person
maybe
has
a
part-time
job
and
doesn't
want
the
expectation
that
he
or
she
is
a
full-time
worker,
so
I
think
it's
a
great
area,
especially
for
community
colleges
and
colleges
that
are,
you
know
in
in
urban
areas,
but
I'm
not
yet
convinced
it'll
go
well.
D
I
get
good
just
good
to
be
seen
your
your
we
retained
after
our
legislative
session,
so
haven't
been
out.
Much
no
serious
question
for
Scott
Georgia
was
one
of
the
places
in
around
the
country
that
didn't
go
to
pass/fail
there
right
some
student
consternation
on
that
there
was
a
article
I
think
recently
in
the
Wall
Street
Journal
that
applauded
the
Board
of
Regents
for
doing
that.
For
those
that
don't
know
that
our
college
system
is
constitutionally
separated
from
the
legislature.
So
that's
entirely
up
to
the
Board
of
Regents.
D
Have
you
had
any
conversations,
or
do
you
know
of
any
conversations
around
the
country?
There
are
some
graduate
programs
that
will
not
take
a
pass/fail
in
a
class
that
should
have
had
a
letter.
Gray
has.
Are
those
discussions
being
had
any
place?
What's
your
theory,
s
fell
versus
hanging
in
there
and
learning.
We
felt
like
I,
believe
in
Georgia
that
if
you
let
the
students
go
home
in
March
and
a
seventy
was
the
same
as
a
ninety
nine
there
wouldn't
have
been
near
as
much
learning.
C
You
know
Georgia
took
a
very
principled
position
on
this
and
and
you
they,
they
probably
are
not
the
most
popular
with
the
students,
but
the
administrators
cheered
them
on
I.
Think
in
states
where
most
of
the
colleges
went
to
pass/fail.
There
have
been
efforts
started
that
will
lead
graduate
schools
to
admit
some
students
to
some
programs
with
pass/fail
for
this
semester.
Typically,
pass/fail
is
something
you
can
only
take
in
a
few
courses,
not
a
whole
semesters
courses.
C
So
I
think
that
there
are
going
to
be
efforts
to
make
it
possible.
I
would
not
expect
it
to
be
the
same
in
in
med
school
or
maybe
law
school,
and
so
students
have
had
to
make
a
choice
that
you
know
in
us.
In
most
systems
that
went
pass/fail,
it
was
the
students
choice
whether
to
go
pass/fail
and
some
students
you
know
didn't,
but
they
will
have
to
do
it
and
also
there's
the
same
issue
for
high
school
students.
C
High
schools
are
also
going
pass/fail
and
many
colleges
are
going
to
have
a
look
at
transcripts
with
more
pass/fail
grades
than
they're
used
to
my
guess,
and
it's
just
a
guess
is
that
if
students
have
a
overall
record
that
shows
them
to
be
a
good
fit
for
a
college,
the
college
will
will
let
them
in.
But
my
assumption
is
that
for
this
semester,
they're
gonna
go
back
to
letter
grades
and
I.
Don't
know
if
that's
true.
D
Thank
You
sky
and
just
a
quick
follow-up
that
was
the
conversation
about
I've,
had
with
some
students,
since
it
was
an
opt-in
that
was
requested
at
the
university
system
and
is
available
around
the
country.
My
assumption
is,
if
you
opt
in
for
a
pass/fail,
you
were
going
to
get
a
seat
and,
and
I
was
fearful
that
if
students
went
that
way
that
that
was
how
it
would
be,
it
would
be
viewed
so
I
guess
this,
like
a
like
I
mentioned
earlier,
the
right
thing
is
always
subjective.
This
is
yes,
yeah.
C
And
that's
important
to
remember
that
whatever
a
student's
average
was
before,
you
have
to
expect
some
effect
of
the
of
the
work
from
home.
Even
a
student
who
was
better
than
a
C
might
might
have
had
issues
at
home.
So
that's
why
they
offered
it
a
statement.
Really
certificate
programs
might
be
helpful
for
adults,
II
D
rather
than
two
plus
two
degrees.
Absolutely
and
many
colleges.
Community
colleges
and
four-year
institutions
have
a
range
of
of
certificate
programs
to
consider.
C
C
B
We're
kind
of
at
the
end
of
our
time
and
I'm
thinking
folks
will
start
to
hop
off,
so
we
will
yep
we'll
go
forward.
I
have
to
say
Scott
that
you
touched
on
everything.
That's
on
all
of
our
minds
and
I
just
really
appreciate
the
opportunity
to
give
legislators
a
chance
to
ask
questions
about.
What's
on
your
minds,
we
here
at
NC
SL,
very
much
want
to
help
you
through
the
questions
that
are
ahead
of
you.
So
please
don't
hesitate
to
reach
out
to
us.
B
B
D
A
It
answered
a
lot
of
yours
sue
and
you
think
of
additional
questions.
Please
feel
free
to
email
me
or
sunny
and
we
can
pass
those
along
just
got
and
try
to
get
those
questions.
The
answer
for
you
just
wanted
to
remind
you
to
have
the
virtual
meetings
that
we
have
coming
up.
We
are
going
to
continue
our
series
through
the
end
of
June
and
we
have
some
really
great
discussions
coming
up
for
you
on
Friday
we're
gonna
be
focusing
on
the
issue
of
distance
learning.
A
A
How
much
learning
loss
do
we
really
think
we're
going
to
have
and
what
approaches
our
states
or
districts
taking
to
summer
learning
so
that
we
can
come
up
with
ideas
or
ways
to
reach
students
over
the
summer
to
stem
some
of
that
learning
loss,
as
you
will
notice
we're
taking
off
Friday
May
22nd,
since
that
is
the
Memorial
Day
weekend,
and
then
we
have
a
whole
list
of
other
virtual
meetings
planned
for
you.
That
will
focus
on
on
issues
that
we've
been
asked
a
lot
about
and
that
we
know
that
you
want
to
hear
about.