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From YouTube: 4/28/2021 - Senate Committee on Government Affairs
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A
Okay,
I
think
we're
finally
ready
for
class
to
start
so
good
afternoon.
Welcome
to
the
committee
on
government
affairs.
Thank
you
all
for
joining
us
and
with
the
secretary
please
call
the
roll.
A
Here
and
please
mark
vice
chair
ornshaw
present
when
he
arrives,
he
is
out
presenting
bills,
and
this
is
that
time
of
year,
where
we're
all
in
and
out
so
please
be
patient
with
us.
We're
actually
going
to
take
the
agenda
out
of
order,
so
we
will
start
with
assembly
bill
103
and
we
will
welcome
assembly,
woman
martinez
as
a
reminder
as
she's
getting
ready.
A
B
I
also
need
to
let
you
know
that
I'm
also
going
to
probably
step
out
I'll
try
to
stay
as
long
as
I
can,
but
I
also
have
to
run
back
to
my
committee
as
well.
So
thank
you
for
your
patience.
So
with
me
today
is
michonne
eben
from
the
reno
sparks
indian
colony.
Who
will
assist
me
with
the
presentation?
B
However,
a
person
who
is
engaging
in
a
lawful
activity
on
private
lands,
including
without
limitation,
construction,
mining
lodging
or
farming,
is
not
required
to
obtain
a
permit
to
engage
in
that
lawful
activity.
The
museum
director
is
required
to
provide
notice
and
consult
with
the
applicable
native
american
tribes
throughout
the
permitting
process.
B
Prior
to
passage
of
sb,
244
nevada
native
american
tribes
were
overlooked
on
how
their
sacred
burial
sites
were
treated
assembly
bill
103
attempts
to
fulfill
the
intent
of
senate
bill
244
by
helping
protect
sacred
prehistoric
native
american
burial
sites.
This
bill
provides
that
such
a
permit
is
not
required
to
engage
in
certain
lawful
activities
on
such
private
lands
if
those
activities
are
exclusively
for
the
purpose
of
other
than
excavating
of
a
prehistoric
indian
burial
site
and
occur
only
on
a
portion
of
the
private
land
that
does
not
contain
the
known
prehistoric,
indian
burial
site.
B
C
Thank
you,
mr
mr
chairman
and
committee
members.
Thank
you
for
your
time
and
opportunity
for
me
to
present
our
perspective
and
thoughts.
My
name
is
michonne
r
eben
and
I
am
the
cultural
resource
manager
for
the
reno
sparks
indian
colony.
The
reno's
fork
sitting
colony
is
in
full
support
of
the
proposed
legislation
in
ab103
as
the
cultural
resource
manager.
C
My
duties
include:
the
protection,
preservation
and
management
of
native
american
ancestral
remains:
funerary
objects,
cultural
resources
and
traditional
cultural
properties.
Our
rich
herit,
our
rich
history
and
heritage,
have
been
passed
down
from
our
ancestors,
many
of
whom
are
buried
throughout
the
state
of
nevada.
In
their
final
resting
places.
C
We
believe
that
ab103
is
another
significant
step
for
the
state
to
recognize
that
tribes
too,
have
a
standing
in
regards
to
our
cultural
heritage.
The
understanding
of
native
american
culture
has
often
been
reduced
to
a
collection
of
unearthed
artifacts,
with
science
providing
its
own
theories
and
opinions
that
has
disincluded
native
american.
C
There
are
snippets
of
appearances
in
western
tv
shows
and
movies,
resulting
in
inaccurate
stereotypes
of
native
people
and
their
lives.
Past
native
culture
is
far
richer
and
more
complex
than
generally
appreciated.
Native
american
remains
and
sacred
objects
were
desecrated
by
early
pioneers
and
settlers.
C
Our
native,
our
native
ancestral,
remains
and
cultural
items
should
be
respected,
just
as
any
human
remains
are
respected
in
any
cemetery
in
native
american
culture,
when
an
individual
dies,
there
are
several
significant
aspects
to
the
transition
from
the
physical
world
to
the
spiritual
world.
First,
there
are
certain
rights
and
traditions
that
take
place
at
the
time
of
death,
then
during
the
dead's
journey
to
the
spirit
world
and
at
the
place
of
burial.
C
C
These
same
ancestors
were
buried
in
the
traditional
societies
in
a
traditional
way.
These
are
considered
our
native
american
cemeteries.
The
current
existing
tribal
communities
still
carry
on
these
traditions
and
we
are
very
spiritually
connected
to
these
age-old
customs.
Our
dead
ancestors
have
a
direct
connection
to
our
communities,
to
the
earth,
to
nature
and
to
us
as
the
living
every
year,
I've
had
several
renal
citizens.
C
C
C
Although
ab103
is
limited
to
native
american
human
remains,
there
is
no
protection
of
our
cultural
items,
and
this
is
something
we
would
like
to
change
in
the
future.
We
are
requesting
respectful
communication
with
private
landowners
to
identify
any
potential
adverse
impacts
to
our
buried
ancestors
and
then
to
cooperately,
decide
the
appropriate
protection
and
disposition
of
our
ancestors.
C
Our
spiritual
practices
and
relationship
with
our
past
relatives
has
the
same,
meaningful
connection
that
you
all
have
to
your
ancestors.
Our
traditional
barrier
practices
are
no
different
from
any
other
people's
practices
and
of
the
past,
or
even
today
we
are
asking
for
mutual
respect
for
our
dead
relatives.
Please
support
ab103,
and
thank
you
for
this
time.
A
Thank
you
so
much
for
your
testimony
and
miss
martinez.
Do
you
have
any
other
comments,
or
would
you
like
me
to
go
to
questions
from
the
committee?
Questions
would
be
great.
Thank
you.
Thank
you
very
much
committee
questions.
Senator
neil,
please.
D
E
Can
you
hear
me?
Okay
now
we
got
you.
Thank
you
for
the
record.
This
is
marlon
mcdade
williams,
with
strategies
360
here
today
on
behalf
of
the
reno
sparks
indian
colony.
E
So
if
you
had
a
500,
acre
property
and
you're
excavating,
you
know
you're
doing
something
on
the
far
north
corner,
but
the
burial
site
is
on
the
far
southern
corner.
You
wouldn't
be
asked
to
get
a
burial
permit
because
you
weren't
excavating
at
the
site.
So
what
happened?
Was
this
provision
got
interpreted
to
be
an
exemption?
E
E
E
What
we're
here
to
do
now
is
just
kind
of
close
the
door
on
an
exemption
and
clarify
that
as
long
as
the
activity
occurs
on
a
portion
of
the
land
that
does
not
contain
the
known
site,
you
don't
need
a
permit
and-
and
I
think
there's
been
some
some
confusion
about
the
the
term
known
under
current
law.
When
you
were
excavating
at
a
site-
and
you
may
have
inadvertently
found
remains,
you
know,
you're
doing
development.
E
You
inadvertently
found
remains,
there's
a
process
that
kicks
in
where,
as
you
can
recall,
from
the
previous
session,
the
state
office
of
historic
preservation
gets
involved,
and
then
they
they.
They
find
the
locus
the
lo,
the
culture,
the
culturally
affiliated
tribe
and
they
discuss
how
to
handle
those
remains,
and
then
they
catalog
it.
They
don't
catalog
it
in
a
public
database
for
the
public
to
see
they
catalog
it
in
in
a
database
that
the
office
of
historic
private
preservation
maintains,
but
the
landowner
now
knows
that
you
know
if
they.
E
E
So
it
would
be
in
the
that
situation
when
the
landowner
wants
to
come
back
and
excavate
over
that
site,
where
they
would
have
to
get
a
permit.
But
if
you're
a
landowner
doing
this
anywhere
and
you
didn't
know
it
was
there,
let
you
know,
let's
say
that
land
changed
hands
and
the
information
didn't
get
carried
forward.
Somehow
and
the
new
landowner
doesn't
know
that
that
site
was
there,
there's
no
consequence,
because
once
they
do
discover
it
again,
it
still
falls
under
the
inadvertent
findings
of
of
the
of
chapter
383
of
the
nrs.
E
D
So
thank
you
for
that.
So
so
I
get
what
the
solution
is,
but
why
not
add
to
like,
if
you,
if
you
find,
if
you
find
any
kind
of
artifacts
or
remains
that
it
is
then
a
part
of
the
deed
or
plot
or
title
transfer
that
because
when
it's
first
found
it's
documented
typically,
but
so,
let's
just
say
in
in
the
scenario
where
it's
first
found
and
then
it
becomes
known
and
then
it's
not
an
inadvertent
finding
on
the
second
finding.
D
Why
not?
Why
not
try
to
tie
something
to
the
land
description
and
make
sure
that
any
conveyance
has
to
specifically
explicitly
say
that
this
is
there
and
where
it's
found
right
so
then,
no
matter
who
lives
dies,
grandchildren,
stranger,
it's
always
carried
forward
and
it's
always
carried
forward
in
the
county
records
for
the
land.
That's
being
conveyed,
like
I'm
just
saying
in
addition
to
what
you
have
in
this
bill,.
E
Thank
you,
madam
chair,
for
the
record,
marlon
mcgade
williams.
If
I
can
respond
to
senator
neil,
I
I
I
don't
disagree
that
that's
a
great
idea.
I
just
know
that
at
this
point
in
time
we
haven't
dealt
with
any
real
estate
law
to
really
understand
how
that
would
go
into
effect,
and
I
think
we're
happy
to
look
at
it
and
consider
it
out
into
the
future
if
that
that
is
a
solution,
but
you
know
for
now.
This
is
the
system
that's
in
place
and
it
seems
to
work.
E
D
F
Thank
you,
madam
chair,
and
I
just
need
to
follow
up
on
where
senator
neil
was
headed.
My
concern
would
be,
and
especially
if
you
were
dealing
with
large
tracks-
and
you
were
going
to
put
actually
something
in
the
title-
you'd
have
to
narrow
it
down
to
where
you're
talking
about
10,
acres
or
or
40
acres
or
clearly,
some
ranches,
especially
out
in
our
area
in
eastern
nevada.
Well,
could
have
a
burial
site.
F
Would
you
require
a
permit,
then,
for
the
whole
ten
thousand
acres
say
so
it
would
get
down
to
it's
different
than
dealing
with
a
lot
or
maybe
even
a
forty
acres,
but
yeah
I
could
see,
but
I
agree
it
would
be
good
to
know
if
you
were
buying
a
piece
of
property.
If
there
was
a
corner
there,
there
was
a
recognized,
a
known,
prehistoric,
indian
burial
site.
It
would
be
nice
to
know
when
you
bought
it.
Thank
you.
Thank
you,
madam
chair.
G
I
gotta
quote
might
be
for
legal.
Actually,
does
this
apply
only
to
prehistoric,
indian
things?
The
reason
I
bring
it
up
is
my
grandfather
years
ago
told
me
a
really
disgraceful
tale
about
the
we
had
a
chinese
cemetery
in
reno.
It
was
right
across
where
high
school
is
now
where
trailer
park
is,
and
as
the
chinese
population
really
declined
in
this
area,
the
city
of
arena
would
actually
dump
all
their
sewage
sludge.
G
On
top
of
the
trailer
I
mean
on
top
of
the
chinese
cemetery
and
eventually
was
buried
and
disappeared,
and
now
there's
a
there's,
a
big
trailer
park
there-
and
I
bet
you
just
about
nobody
knows,
and
he
fought
it
back,
and
this
has
been
the
1930s.
He
fought
that
really
aggressively,
but
I'm
just
wondering
is
there
any
laws
dealing
with
that
wouldn't
be
prehistoric?
Obviously
that
would
be
contemporary,
but
I'm
wondering
if
this
lot
doesn't
deal
any
with
that
type
of
a
situation.
Would
it.
G
Clarkson
with
the
legislative
council
bureau,
no,
this
bill
just
deals
with
prehistoric,
indian
burial
sites.
Is
there
any
laws
in
nevada
about
a
situation
like
I
was
just
describing?
I
would
have
to
double
check,
but
I'm
not
aware
of
any,
but
I
can
look
into
that
for
you.
Thank
you.
A
Thank
you
very
much
how
many
of
these
miss
mcdade?
How
many
of
these
sites
are
there
do
we
know
or
miss
miss?
Even
do
you
know
how
many
sites
there.
C
Are
yes
michonne,
even
for
the
record?
Well,
actually
we,
when
we,
when
we
worked
on
the
2017
legislature,
we
were
able
to
look
at
work
with
the
nevada
state
museum
coming
up
with
protocols
of
not
only
their
permitting
process,
but
also
taking
a
look
at
looking
at
them
doing.
I
guess
a
literature
search
of
what
we
known
of
known
science.
I
do
know
a
couple,
a
couple
things,
I'm
not
sure
exactly
how
many
sites
we
have.
We
do
know
that
there
are
several
burials
out
there.
C
We
also
do
know
that
through
the
through
the
state,
historic
preservation
office,
they
have
a
a
system,
it's
called
chris,
the
cultural
resources,
oh
shoot
system.
I'm
sorry.
I
can't
think
of
the
name
right
now
that
that
provides
confidential
information
of
known
burial
sites,
but
they
also
have
those
sites
that
are
all
it's
not
only
for
state
it's
for
federal,
public,
private
and
and
state.
C
I
guess,
and
then
I
do
know
that
since
the
2017
legislature
that
we
passed
back,
then
we
do
know
that
there's
been
one
permit
given
out
by
the
nevada
state
museum.
I
hope
that
answers
marla.
Can
you
add
to
that?
I'm
not
sure
if
I
answered
correctly.
E
E
Nevada's
laws
was
based
on
the
native
american
graves
protection
and
repatriation
act
that
the
federal
government
had
enacted
for
protecting
these
sites
on
federal
land,
and
so
this
legislation,
although
there
was
a
small,
what
they
call
nav
proland
nagpra
law
in
place
in
nevada
statutes
and
that's
what
this
builds
on
is
that
is
the
state
nagpra.
E
But
it
then
built
on
it
even
more
because
that
to
apply
to
private
land,
you
know
which
is
which
we
did
in
2017..
But
I'd
say
there
are
hundreds
of
sites
listed
in
in
envy
chris
and
again
they're.
Not
it's
not
a
public
database
that
anybody
can
go
in
and
find
information.
A
I
thank
you
very
much
for
that
information.
I
I
guess
I
was
trying
to
process
if,
if
I
didn't
know
where
the
sites
were
right
and
I
and
there's
hundreds
of
them-
and
I
was
very
interested
in
preserving,
but
I
didn't
know
where
they
were,
I
was
trying
to
know
how
I
would
ascertain
that
information
so
that
I
could
be
not
only
helpful
to
the
process,
but
that
if
I
bought
something
you
know,
I
would
be
able
to
be
assured
that
it
was
either.
E
For
the
record,
martin
mcdade
williams,
you
know,
I
think,
there's
probably
a
process
in
place
where
someone
could
work
with
envy
chris
and
identify
the
current
sites.
But
I
do
know
that
you
know
one
of
the
reasons
that
it's
not
made
public
is
because
you
don't
want
people
to
desecrate
them
either
right,
and
so
that's
the
importance
of
of
that.
A
So
true
in
this
world,
so
true,
thank
you.
Any
additional
questions,
senator
kokotea.
F
F
Typically,
these
aren't
cemeteries
or
burial
grounds,
it's
where
they
and
you
I
know
of
at
least
two
that
my
family
has
discovered
over
the
years,
and
so
you
know,
but
they
again
they're
typically
in
many
cases,
just
a
long
grave,
and
so
you
know
it's
it's
problematic
to
it's.
It
was
a
custom
culture.
It's
how
it
was.
A
Any
additional
questions
from
the
committee
any
other
thoughts,
then
I
will
go
to
miss
even
any
other
thoughts
before
we
go
to
support
opposition
and
neutral.
C
Michonne,
even
for
the
record,
I
would
just
like
to
say
you
know.
Thank
you.
Thank
you
for
hearing
this
out
and
I
appreciate
all
the
senators
comments
you
know
exactly.
What
senator
gotechia
just
said
is
that
our
ancestors
are
buried
everywhere,
and
sometimes
they
were
alone.
C
There
ended
up
being
unanticipated
discoveries,
and
I
also
would
like
to
say
that
you
know
not
there's
not
always
going
to
be
a
discovery,
and
we
always
hope
that
there
isn't.
We
just
want
to
make
sure
that
that
when
this
does
take
place,
that
our
native
american
culture
is
protected,
preserved
and
managed
and
that
we
collaborate
together
to
coordinate
what's
the
best
disposition
for
our
native
american
remains
with
the
private
landowner.
So,
thank
you
for
this
time.
Thank
you.
A
Thank
you
and
thank
you
for
what
you're
doing
with
that.
We
will
go
to
support
and
I
don't
know
that
I
have
anybody
in
the
room
who
is
wanting
to
come
forward,
so
we
may
go
right
to
zoom
or
online
phone
calls
broadcasting
please,
when
you're
ready.
I
I
J
C-H-R-I-S-T-I-N-E-S-A-U-N-D-E-R-S,
I'm
the
policy
director
of
the
progressive
leadership
alliance
of
nevada
here
in
support
of
assembly
bill.
103.
nevada
is
made
up
of
lands
that
our
indigenous
neighbors
have
been
stewards
of
for
generations.
Our
state
must
pass
this
legislation
to
show
the
proper
respect
to
our
neighbors
and
we
urge
your
support.
I
I
I
I
K
I
just
wanted
to
share
one
one
sentiment,
and
that
is
I'm
happy
to
see
so
many
tribal
impact
bills.
This
legislative
obsession,
I
think
it's
incredibly
important
as
we
work
to
acknowledge,
recognize
and
honor
the
indigenous
people
of
this
state
and
that
our
our
leaders
within
the
assembly
and
in
the
state
are
are,
are
acknowledging
the
indigenous
voices
and
helping
to
find
solutions
and
uplift
solutions
and
pass
solutions
to
issues
that
are
important
to
the
sovereign
nations.
K
The
tribal
nations
of
the
state
and-
and
we
often
hear
about
you-
know,
allies
and
communities
looking
for
ways
to
support
tribal
nations.
And
here
we
are
during
this
legislative
session
when
there
are
several
tribal
impact
bills.
When
the
tribes
are
coming
out
and
tribal
leaders
are
coming
out
and
and
knowledgeable.
K
A
A
E
Thank
you,
madam
chair,
for
the
record,
martin
mcdade
williams.
I
just
wanted
to
draw
your
attention
to
the
exhibits
on
nellis
for
this
bill.
There
are
quite
a
few
letters
of
support
from
the
local
tribal
communities
and
I
don't
know
if
michonne
has
any
additional
closing
remarks,
but
thank
you
all
for
your
time
today.
A
A
H
For
the
record,
I
am
sarah
peters
representing
assembly
district
24
in
the
heart
of
reno.
It's
my
pleasure
today
to
present
assembly
bill
86
in
its
first
reprint.
The
bill
makes
various
changes
relating
to
the
recovery
of
certain
expenses
and
costs
incurred
in
extinguishing
certain
fires
and
emergencies
with
me
today.
To
present
the
bill
is
terry
taylor,
a
fire
arson
investigator
and
a
certified
wildlife
wildland
fire
investigator
with
over
25
years
of
experience
assembly
bill
86
was
proposed
by
the
committee
to
conduct
a
study,
an
interim
study
concerning
wildfires.
H
It
was
my
pleasure
to
serve
as
a
member
on
this
important
committee
during
the
2019-2020
interim,
the
committee
was
created
by
assembly
concurrent
resolution
4
during
the
2019
legislative
session.
It
was
tasked
with
considering
methods
for
of
reducing
wildfire
fuels,
issues
related
to
early
responses
to
wildfires
and
the
economic
impact
of
wildfires
on
the
state
and
local
communities.
H
H
H
The
committee
received
written
recommendation
by
the
nevada
chapter
of
the
international
association
of
arson
investigators
that
addressed
issues
related
to
the
recovery
of
certain
costs
related
to
wildfires
by
state
and
local
governments.
As
you
might
be
aware,
we
are
experiencing
increased
numbers
of
human-caused
wildfires
in
nevada.
H
Often
it
is
local
governments
that
are
the
first
to
respond
to
wildfires
and
they
often
bear
the
brunt
of
the
costs
associated
with
firefighting.
Thankfully,
they
can
receive
assistance
through
the
wildland
fire
protection
program,
which
is
housed
in
the
division
of
forestry
of
the
state
department
of
conservation
and
natural
resources
after
a
devastating
wildfire.
It
is
important
that
the
funds
of
the
wildland
fire
protection
program
are
not
delete
depleted
and
that
local
governments
tasked
with
putting
out
the
wildfires
can
recover
their
costs.
H
H
In
the
assembly,
we
amended
the
bill
to
provide
certain
exceptions
for
when
a
person,
firm,
association
or
agency
may
be
liable
for
the
expenses
incurred
in
extinguishing
a
fire
or
meeting
an
emergency.
These
are
based
on
best
practices
and
the
evidence.
Experience
of
arson
investigators
like
terry
taylor,
who
have
over
25
years
of
experience
in
this
area.
H
L
Thank
you,
madam
chair.
Basically,
we
have
in
section
one
we're
deleting
the
thing
that
has
thwarted
me
through
much
of
my
career,
along
with
my
colleagues,
which
is
a
language
that
says
you
must
threaten
human
life,
and
it
has
been
traditional
that
those
of
us
in
the
fire
service,
the
police,
service
and
ems
service
are
not
considered
human
unless
we're
greatly
injured
or
deceased,
so
that
has
halted
local
district
attorneys
from
taking
these
cases.
L
I'm
working
a
case
right
now
in
a
rural
county.
Next
to
us,
where
house
was
damaged,
acreage
was
done,
unpermitted
fire
brought
into
basically
a
grazing
area
and
because
there
were
no
human
lives
threatened
at
that
time,
other
than
firefighters
and
deputy
sheriffs,
there
will
be
no
movement
forward
for
cost
recovery.
So
that's
a
really
good.
Nutshell
example
of
what
we're
trying
to
solve
in
section
2
and
you'll
see
it
repeated
all
through
the
bill.
It
talks
about
the
exceptions
working
with
the
assemblywoman
here
and
my
colleagues.
L
L
There
is
one
challenge
that
I
learned
last
night
in
talking
to
the
state
forester
fire
warden,
which
is
they
no
longer
issue
burn
permits
per
se,
so
those
that
permitting
has
actually
been
devolved
to
local
counties,
towns,
cities,
that
sort
of
thing.
So
that's
one
thing
I
just
discovered-
didn't
submit
any
paperwork
because
it
was
too
late
in
the
game.
L
They
didn't
want
to
get
caught
up
in
this,
and
I
have
to
say
that
in
my
26
years,
in
douglas
county
and
and
in
this
region
had
very
very
few
out
of
control
fires
from
ranchers,
burning,
off,
stubble
and
and
having
the
field
you
know
ready
for
spring
and
then,
as
we
continue
on
down
there,
we
put
we
put
some
stuff
in
there
about
that.
I
felt
very
strongly
about
so
did
my
colleagues
that
you
need
to
call
a
fire
department
when
you
lose
control
of
a
fire?
L
Okay,
and
we
have
people
not
doing
that.
I'm
investigating
a
case
like
that
right
now,
where
for
the
jurisdiction
that
I'm
employed
by
at
north
lake
tahoe,
where
in
fact
we
had
a
fire,
there
was
no
reporting,
there
was
an
attempt
to
suppress
it
and
what
was
basically
something
simple
turned
into
eight
or
nine
acres
up
in
the
lake
tahoe
basin,
and
so
that
person
is
would
would
in
fact,
if
this
were
passed,
would
in
fact
be
able.
We
would
be
able
to
recover
from
that
individual.
L
The
other
thing
is,
I
hate
to
say
it.
After
all
these
years,
I've
been
doing
it
is
that
people
lie
to
us
constantly
about
how
the
fire
started
and
whatever,
and
if
somebody
ever
wants
to
join
me
in
a
beer
hall,
some
of
the
things
I've
been
told
are
really
humorous,
but
untrue,
and
so
I
think
it's
really
important
that
people
step
up
to
the
plate
and
say
yes,
I
started
this
fire.
L
L
If
the
person
reports
tries
to
put
the
fire
out
and
is
truthful
to
investigators
that
they're
not
going
to
try
and
go
and
and
get
a
lot
of
money
out
of
them,
my
father
used
to
say
he
can't
squeeze
blood
out
of
a
stone
so,
and
we
also
know
that
some
of
these
people
that
get
involved
in
this
have
little
or
no
financial
resources.
The
idea
isn't
to
bankrupt
people
it's
to
get
them
to.
L
If
you
do
something,
even
if
it's
stupid
or
illegal,
if
you
call
participate
truthfully,
you're
going
to
get
somewhat
of
a
free
ride,
there's
still
criminal
implications
of
other
statutes.
But
that
was
the
idea,
and
then
I
heard
from
our
ranchers
about
warming
fires,
and
I
also
heard
about
livestock
issues.
Most
of
the
livestock
industry.
L
They're
reported
and
there's
certainly
attempts
to
put
them
out,
because
they're
they're
harming
their
own
grazing
grounds
and
then
the
we
finally
have
a
good
definition
of
what
a
firefighting
agency
is,
and
it
includes
all
of
the
two
types
of
special
districts
from
nrs,
318
and
nrs
474,
and
it
finally
includes
municipal
fire
departments
which
we
didn't
have
so
that
that
really
is
the
summation
of
my
testimony
on
this
bill.
L
There
was
a
number
of
us
that
that
brought
the
idea
to
the
committee,
and
I
am
very
thankful
that
the
committee
picked
it
up
and
that
we've
gotten
this
far
and
I'm
especially
grateful
to
the
assemblywoman
next
to
me,
her
neighborhood,
is
twice
in
my
career
has
come
very
close
to
disappearing
the
fire
we
had
the
one
in
november
and
which
I
was
part
of
the
investigative
team
on
that
and
that's
still
ongoing,
and
we
had
the
one
nine
years
ago
in
colin
ranch
and
colin
ranch
is
a
is
a
perfect
example
of
where
you
wouldn't
get
an
exception.
A
Thank
you
very
very
much
for
that
information.
You
are
right.
We
think
a
lot
of
our
assemblywoman
peters
she's,
full
of
incredible
knowledge,
so
we're
glad
that
she's
here
as
well-
and
I
know
just
enough
about
this-
to
be
dangerous
because
I
have
a
brother
who's
done
quite
a
bit
of
firefighting
over
the
years
in
the
forestry
department.
A
So
with
that
any
questions,
senator
kokochia.
F
Thank
you,
madam
chair,
and
I
guess
we
were
kind
of
joking
as
we
got
into
this.
You
know
if
you
had
a
controlled
campfire
for
the
purpose
of
branding
gibbs.
I
guarantee
you
if
you're
welding,
on
a
on
a
water
trough
and
the
fire
gets
away
you're
going
to
throw
a
branding
iron
in
it.
So
I
was
hoping.
Maybe
we
could
expand
that
just
a
little
bit
and
say
you
know,
maybe
if
it
was
some,
you
know
instead
of
just
a
br
narrowing
it
right
to
branding.
F
Maybe
if
it
was,
you
know,
husbandry
or
incidents
of
husbandry
that
pertain
to
the
life.
You
know
there's
far
more
chance
of
starting
a
fire
trying
to
thaw
a
pipe
out
that
was
froze.
You
know
if
the
conditions
were
right
in
the
winter
to
get
water
to
livestock
or,
like
I
said,
maybe
welding
or
fixing
on
a
trough
and
have
that
fire
get
away
from
you.
F
I
guarantee
you
they're
going
to
call
the
fire
department
they're
going
to
fight
the
fire,
but
but
again
I'm
trying
to
these
are
things
that
happen
out
there,
and
I
you
know
if
there
was
some
way
we
could
amend
that
just
beyond
the
branding,
otherwise
you're
going
to
make
everybody
pack
a
brandon,
terry.
I'm
sorry.
H
Thank
you
senator
for
the
comment,
assemblywoman
peters,
for
the
record.
I
I
worry
about
expanding
this
too
far
beyond
the
kind
of
narrowed
specifics
scenarios
because,
like
you
said
in
the
case
of
somebody,
incidentally,
starting
a
fire
due
to
welding
or
other
activities
that
are
a
part
of
the
process
of
husbandry
in
our
rural
communities,
they
would
generally,
you
know,
be
following
the
kind
of
guidelines
we've
outlined
in
here
for
exceptions
of
being
held
liable,
and
so
we
we
built
those
in
in
order
to
kind
of
cover
those
scenarios.
H
The
girl
scout
troop
that
went
out
and
started
a
fire
and
a
pine
cone
got
a
little
away
from
the
fire.
You
know
those
kinds
of
scenarios
that
are
incidental
and
not
purposeful
and
can
impact
anybody,
but
we
don't
want
those
folks
to
be
caught
in
the
idea
or
caught
in
cases
where
they
would
be
held
liable
definitively.
H
So
we
offered
these
exemptions
to
cover
those
kinds
of
cases.
I
mean
we
could
go
case
by
case
right
and
try
and
over
over
regulate
in
the
statute,
who
would
apply
or
in
what
scenario
would
apply
and
what
wouldn't.
But
we
we
really
wanted
to
give
it
the
consideration
that
we
know
our
investigators
already
take
but
put
that
into
statute.
So
it's
a
more
transparent
and
consistent
and
people
have
that,
like
recognition
of
accountability,
what
are
my
accountability
metrics
to
make
sure
that
I'm
covering
my
bases
in
the
case
of
an
accident.
F
A
M
Thank
you
chair.
Thank
you
so
much
peter
for
bringing
this
bill.
Mr
taylor,
it's
good
to
see
you
appreciate
working
with
you
in
the
past.
I
did
a
little
research
this
year
and
I
got
from
some
of
our
state
fire
officials
that,
from
2015
through
2019,
there
were
397
wildland
fires
in
nevada
caused
by
fireworks
and
that
the
cost
of
fighting
those
f,
wildland
fires
started
by
fireworks,
went
into
the
above
above
11
million,
if
not
higher.
M
L
For
the
record,
terry
taylor,
senator
orange
all
you
and
I
share
the
same
opinion
about
illegal
fireworks
and
even
some
legal
fireworks,
because
they
can't
get
a
permit
for
using
fireworks
other
than
commercial
fireworks
under
state
law.
It's
our
opinion.
The
investigators
felt
that
the
fireworks
fires
could
be
successfully
sought
for
the
person
using
the
fireworks
that
you
could
get
cost
recovery
more.
Interestingly,
it
was
brought
up
to
me
in
a
just
kind
of
a
wacky
way.
What
does
that?
How
does
that
affect
a
corporation
that
manufactures
fireworks?
L
So
you
know
that's
an
open
thing
that
wasn't
what
we
were
focused
on,
but
we're
focused
on
individuals
or
groups
or
businesses
or
whatever
that
are
that
are
creating
fires.
We
know
that
in
our
state
about
80
of
the
wildfires
are
human
caused
one
way
or
another,
and
so
and
some
of
those
are
just:
are
there
accidents?
Okay
and
some
of
them
are
intentional,
and
some
of
them
are
so
stupid.
L
They
should
not
be
to
call
the
accidents
and
that's
we
had
the
pine
fire
here
recently,
where
the
guy
in
this
last
august
is
shooting
off
fireworks.
You
know
out
by
mount
pvine,
so
we
feel
very
comfortable
that
the
cost
recovery
is
there
and
that
the
criminal
charges
are
there,
that
and
and
we're
finding
these
people
and
we're
locating
them
and
we're
seizing
stuff.
But
but
it
would
be
nice
to
be
able
to
do
cost
recovery.
M
D
D
L
D
L
So
in
in
talking
to
the
district
attorney's
representatives
before
we
even
brought
this
forward
to
the
wildland
fire
committee,
the
idea
was
that
since
local
governments
are
issuing
permits
for
this
for
the
legitimate
legal
activity
and
in
those
permits,
they
have
express
and
implied
conditions
that
those
permits
would
be
the
four
square
corners
of
an
actual
contract.
L
I
should
know
better,
I'm
married
to
an
attorney,
but
the
that
that
was
their
their
view
of
it,
that,
since
a
permit,
would
be
issued
for
anything
lawful
that
that
becomes
express
and
then
and
then
the
implication
is
that
you
are
going
to
follow
those
guidelines.
D
And
then
quick
follow-up,
so
on
the
truthfulness
piece
which
is
so
after
they
finished
responding
to
the
questions
by
the
fire
warden
you
know,
so
is
the
truthfulness
decided
by
just
a
single
individual
or
is
it
decided
by
multiple
people
to
determine
whether
or
not
liability
will
then
atta
immunity
will
then
attach
for
the
truthfulness.
L
For
the
record,
terry
taylor,
so
in
again,
in
discussing
with
the
district
attorneys
that
I
talked
to
in
this
region,
that
would
be
prosecuting
these
both
civilly
and
criminally.
L
All
of
them
said
that
the
measure
of
truthfulness
is
an
objective
test
rather
than
subjective,
so
that
would
mean
that
if
a
person
is
lying
about
the
act
itself,
the
actus
reyes,
that
that
they,
in
other
words
they're
saying
hey,
I
didn't-
have
any
fireworks.
I
didn't
do
this
and
it's
proven
to
be
untrue,
that
that
then
forms
the
basis
for
the
legal
action.
D
You
did
and
then
I
just
have
one
final
question,
which
is
on
section
four
and
section
three,
so
this
is
so
244
is
the
county.
268,
I
believe,
is
the
cities
so
and
474
I'm
curious
about
the
court
of
competent
jurisdiction.
So
within
the
the
county
language
which
is
244
and
268
you're,
you
want
them
to
bring
the
action
in
the
court
of
competent
jurisdiction,
but
I
don't
see
the
same
application
under
474
or
472..
D
So
so
there's
it
just
appeared
to
be
two
different
kinds
of
standards,
but
I
think
maybe
I
did
see
it.
No,
I
only
saw
it.
I
only
saw
the
court
of
conf
court.
I
think
that
court
language
was
in
the
318,
which
was
the
fire
district
fees.
L
So
if
you,
if
you
look
basically,
the
idea
was
that
if
you
had
a
smaller
event-
and
you
were
seeking
civil
redress
that
your
court
of
competent
jurisdiction
would
be
a
municipal
court
if
it
was
in
an
incorporated
city,
if
it
was
in
senator
goguccia's
county,
it
would
be
a
justice
court,
and
so
that
was
that
was
what
we
were
thinking
about
is
where
would
you
go
for
a
smaller
event
for
a
larger
event
in
excess
of
fifty
thousand
dollars?
You
would
wind
up
in
the
district
court
in
an
attempt
for
civil
recovery.
A
Thank
you.
We've
lost
a
couple
members.
We've
got
people
going
in
and
out
presenting
bills
in
other
committees,
so
I
I
guess
my
question
is:
is
first
of
all,
how
often
are
these
small
events,
because
I
always
feel
like
fires
just
get
out
of
control
and
and
that's
what
we're
trying
to
work
on
here
so
do
we
actually
have
those
smaller
events
like
the
municipal
court
events.
L
L
So
a
perfect
example
is
the
last
colin
ranch
fire
the
pine
haven
fire
lasted
in
excess
of
24
hours,
therefore,
that
funding
source
was
used
by
the
reno
fire
department
to
to
come
forth
and
and
pay
off
the
cost
and
the
cost
of
all
the
other
agencies
putting
the
fire
out.
So
that's
kind
of
an
unusual
case
because
possibly
nb
energy
started
that
fire.
But
the
idea
basically
is
is
that
that
that
that
this
bill
can
help
local
government
feed
money
back
to
that
fund,
and
that's
one
of
the
things
I've
been
looking
at.
L
L
So
if
the
investigators
and
the
local
da's
and
the
city
attorneys
are
willing
to
to
one
fund
themselves,
okay
and
in
recovering
costs
and
two
when
you
get
into
a
larger
fire
where
the
large
fund
is
done,
I
when
I
worked
the
collin
ranch
fire
the
first
one.
Nine
years
ago
I
went
to
the
city
attorneys
and
the
district
attorneys
in
washoe
county,
because
all
of
them
had
expended
money
and
we
were
part.
L
We
couldn't
use
any
of
this
law
to
bring
those
local
agencies
in
so
that
they
could
participate
with
what
the
insurance
companies
were
doing
and
that
just
to
me
that
just
seemed
absolutely
wrong
that
the
taxpayers
were
funding
this
large
operation,
the
insurance
companies
were
recovering
and
and
nv
energy
was
admitted
their
guilt
in
court,
and
so
so
that
part
of
this,
what
we
were
doing
here
is
money
feeding
backwards
from
a
local
level
back
into
the
state
fund.
L
A
F
Thank
you
and
I'll
try
and
be
brief.
We've
got
along
that
in
front
of
us
yet,
but
I'm
just
kind
of
concerned
and
I'll
be
honest
with
you.
The
language
says
willfully
or
negligently
causing
a
fire,
but
you
know
clearly
that's
an
accident.
You
know
it's
easy.
If,
if
you
lose
a
fire
and
it
is
an
accident,
you
start
one,
but
it
probably
was
at
least
some
type
of
negligence.
F
And
yet,
as
we
look
at
it
down
here,
if
you
fail
to
exercise
reasonable
care,
we've
got
we
get
fire
control.
Orders
burn
orders
all
the
time
from
the
federal
agencies.
You
know,
in
fact,
in
some
places
in
eastern
nevada,
they're
already
in
fact,
in
effect
no
open
fire.
F
So
typically,
if
if
the
federal
agencies
have
issued
a
burn
order
and
you're
out
there
doing
something-
and
you
start
a
fire,
then
it's
pretty
easy
to
prove
negligence,
and
so
I
I'm
just
kind
of
nervous
that
there
is
the
ability
here
for
someone
really
to
get
stuck
with
a
huge
bill
and
just
out
there
trying
to
make
a
living.
So
I
get
concerned
about
that
and
I'm
just
voicing
those
concerns.
L
And
terry
taylor
for
the
record,
this
doesn't
parallel
anything
that,
like
blm's
fire,
trespass
program
or
any
of
that
stuff
is
doing.
The
focus
is
strictly
on
local
government
and
and
ultimately,
if
it's
a
large
fire
recovering
money
for
the
fund,
that
could
be
done
by
a
local
district
attorney
or
even
a
private
attorney.
L
If,
if
a
county
commissioner
or
city
council
wanted
to
retain
one
and
have
that
money
feed
back
into
the
state,
so
I
just
I
wanted
to
make
that
clear
that
that
was
our
intent
all
along,
because
the
federal
government
can
kind
of
do
what
they
want.
As
you
know,
senator.
F
Right
and
clearly
looking
at
the
bill,
if
you're
going
to
have
an
activity
out
there,
you
know
in
a
jurisdiction.
You're,
probably
you
probably
would
be
wise
to
go
to
the
county
and
and
pull
a
permit.
If
it's
something
you
had
to
do
in
the
normal
course
of
business
and
get
a
permit
from
the
county,
so
you
had
that
protection
because
they
clearly
can
issue
it,
and
that
would
be
my
recommendation.
F
A
Okay,
any
additional
questions,
all
right,
not
seeing
any
assemblywoman
or
mr
taylor,
do
you
have
any
follow-up
right
this
minute
or
do
you
want
us
to
go
to
support
opposition
in
neutral.
H
I
think
if
the
the
committee
has
felt
their
questions
are
answered,
we
are
happy
to
move
on
to
testimony.
I
do,
however,
need
to
step
out.
I
have
another
bill
I
am
presenting
in
natural
resources
on
our
other
side,
so
I
will
leave
you
in
the
capable
hands
of
mr
terry
taylor,
and
I
really
just
appreciate
your
time
today
on
considering
this.
This
piece
of
legislation.
A
I
I
J
Madam
chair
and
members
of
the
committee
for
the
record,
callie
wilsey
with
the
city
of
reno,
with
I
c-a-l-l-I
s
as
in
sam
ey,
the
city
arena
would
like
to
offer
its
support
to
ab-86.
Today.
This
allows
the
city
to
consider
core
action
against
responsible
parties
for
willfully
or
negligently
causing
a
wildfire
we've
seen
how
destructive
wildfires
can
be
in
the
high
cost
it
takes
to
fight
them
in
order
to
protect
our
community.
J
I
L
L
According
to
casey
casey,
who
I
spoke
to
last
night,
and
and
basically
we
could
insert
some
language.
That
would
say
something
along
the
line
of
your
your
local
authority
having
jurisdiction,
and
I
think
that
would
solve
the
problem,
whether
it's
a
county
commission,
a
city
council,
a
town
board,
whatever
all
in
all.
All
I
can
say
is
is
that
I
think
this
will
give
investigators
and
district
attorneys
city,
attorneys,
town,
attorneys,
etc.
A
tool
in
the
tool
box,
they're
elected
officials
too,
and
I've
noticed
in
the
20-something
years.
L
I've
been
doing
this
26
years
now
that
they'd
really
have
a
pretty
good
judge
of
people
who
to
go
after
you
know
the
we
were
kind
of
thrown
a
curve
with
the
girl
scout
thing.
I
have
to
say-
and
I
can't
imagine,
a
district
attorney
being
reelected
going
after
a
girl
scout
troop
for
for
something
in
a
something
that
happened
accidentally
out
in
the
woods
and
and
this
this
we're
trying
to
sever
true
accidents
from
from
people
that
are
misbehaving.
I
guess
that's
probably
the
best
way
to
put
it.
L
I've
been,
I
just
finished,
investigating
a
fire
permitted
got
away.
The
guy
told
us
what
happened.
I
was
able
to
validate
it
dust
devil,
okay,
temperature
imbalance
between
the
floor
and
the
atmosphere
took
the
fire
caused
14
acres.
So
that
is
a
big.
You
know
it's
a
zero
when
the
when
the
crews
got
there,
they
didn't
know
what
had
gone
on
it.
L
Looked
like
a
controlled
burn
had
gotten
out
of
control,
but
once
we
were
able
to
go
through
everything
and
we
were
able
to
validate
the
weather,
hey
no
harm,
no
foul,
that's
what
we're
paid
for
and
volunteer
for
as
volunteer
firefighters,
so
I
think
it
can
work
and
I
think
normal
sound
people
will
we'll
do
it.
We're
not
we're
not
out
there
to
beat
people
over
the
head.
We
are
out
there
to
educate
and
to
stop
these
fires.
They're
they're
just
there's
too
much
of
them
going
on.
A
Thank
you
very
very
much,
and
thank
you
for
your
time
today
with
that
I
will
close
assembly
bill
86
and
ms
casey
and
mr
taylor.
If
you
wouldn't
mind
I'm
waiting
through,
we
need
to
take
senator
scheible,
so
she
can
get
on
her
way
and
then
we'll
double
back
to
assembly
bill
100.
If
you
don't
mind,
thank.
O
Well,
thank
you
so
much.
It
is
great
to
be
here
in
government
affairs.
I
miss
serving
on
this
committee,
which
I
had
the
privilege
of
doing
last
session
and
for
the
record
my
name
is
melanie
schaible.
I
am
the
state
senator
representing
district
9
in
clark
county
and
I'm
happy
to
be
here
today
presenting
assembly
bill
84,
which
authorizes
the
state
forester
fire
warden,
with
certain
approval
to
enter
into
public-private
partnerships
to
address
the
threat
of
catastrophic
wildfires
with
me
today.
O
By
way
of
background
assembly
bill,
84
was
proposed
by
the
committee
to
conduct
an
interim
study
concerning
wildfires.
It
was
my
pleasure
to
serve
as
the
vice
chair
of
the
committee
during
the
2019-2020
interim
and
it
was
created
by
assembly
concurrent
resolution
4
of
the
2019
session.
The
committee
was
tasked
with
considering
methods
of
reducing
wildfire
fuels,
issues
relating
to
early
responses
to
wildfires
and
the
economic
impact
of
wildfires
on
the
state
and
local
communities.
O
I
trust
by
now
that
you
have
heard
enough
about
the
wildfire
study
committee
committee
or
commission
from
the
interim
and
that
I
can
move
through
some
of
the
lessons
that
we
learned
in
general
science
that
we
were
educated
on,
because
you
all
understand
the
need
for
policies
addressing
wildfires
in
nevada.
So
let
me
just
get
straight
to
what
ab-84
does
as
we
look
into
the
future
there.
The
threat
of
catastrophic
wildfires
only
increases
so
assembly
84
seeks
to
authorize
the
state
to
enter
into
public-private
partnerships,
specifically
without
limitation.
O
A
N
Thank
you
to
senator
scheible
for
that
introduction
to
your
dondero
and
members
of
the
senate
committee
on
government
affairs.
For
the
record,
my
name
is
jane
amone
and
I
am
the
external
affairs
director
for
the
nature
conservancy
in
nevada,
as
senator
scibel
noted
ab-84
originated
from
the
interim
committee
to
conduct
a
study
on
wildfire.
We
thank
that
committee
for
their
work
in
the
interim.
Their
hearings
daylighted
a
number
of
opportunities
for
enhancing
wildfire
prevention,
readiness,
response
and
restoration
efforts.
As
the
committee
was
wrapping
up
its
meetings,
assemblywoman
heidi
swank
asked
the
nature
conservancy.
N
N
Assembly
bill
84
was
one
of
the
ideas
that
resulted
from
our
discussion
with
assemblywoman
swank
in
response
to
this
question,
and
I'm
pleased
to
be
here
today
to
co-present
a
b-84
so
for
the
next
few
minutes.
I
want
to
share
why
we
think
public-private
partnerships
are
a
useful
tool
for
addressing
wildfire
threat.
Public-Private
partnerships
or
ppps
are
financial
and
legal
arrangements
that
use
private
investment
to
fund
or
provide
public
goods
or
services.
Ppps
are
frequently
used
to
develop
transportation
and
infrastructure
projects
in
nevada.
N
There
are
three
places
in
statute
that
we
have
found
that
authorize
public-private
partnerships
number
one
nrs
338
authorizes
ppps
for
transportation
facilities,
nrs
321
authorizes
them
for
the
preservation
and
adaptive,
reuse
of
historic
properties
and
in
nrs
408
357.
They
were
approved
to
complete
the
boulder
city
bypass
project.
N
In
these
instances,
pbps
were
established
to
help
finance
large
infrastructure
or
renovation
projects
with
av-84
we
are
proposing
that
they
can
also
be
used
to
address
wildfire
threat.
We
know
we
need
to
reduce
fuel
loads
and
enhance
healthy
soils
in
our
forests
and
rangelands.
These
activities
are
large
natural
infrastructure
endeavors.
So
the
rationale
behind
ab-84
is
that
a
public-private
partnership
model
can
help
leverage
public
funds
with
private
investment
and
wildfire
threat
reduction
in
landscape,
resiliency
enhancement.
N
We've
done
a
little
research
into
how
public-private
partnerships
have
been
used
to
address
wildfire
threat
and
we've
found
that
they
are
a
multi-purpose
tool.
They
can
be
used
to
enhance
wildfire
prevention
and
readiness
efforts
by
directly
deploying
on-the-ground
conservation
crews,
for
example,
in
2010
the
city
of
auburn,
california,
used
a
ppp
to
mobilize
local
volunteers
and
conservation
corps
for
forest
thinning
projects.
N
Ppps
have
also
been
successfully
used
to
implement
forest
restoration
on
a
large
landscape
level.
Effective
forest
restoration
treatments
seek
to
avoid
stand,
replacing
fires
by
reducing
fuel
loads
through
mechanical
treatments
and
prescribed
fire,
but
to
be
effective,
forest
restoration
needs
to
be
done
at
a
large
scale
and
it
requires
substantial
investment.
The
national
forest
foundation
has
helped
establish
public-private
partnerships
to
provide
long-term
funding
for
forest
restoration
work,
and
I
would
like
to
explain
two
examples
of
successful
efforts.
N
The
second
example
is
the
northern
arizona
forest
fund,
where
a
power
and
water
utility,
the
salt
river
project
partnered
with
the
national
forest
foundation
to
implement
forest
restoration
projects
in
the
headwaters
of
the
salt
and
verde
rivers
that
are
a
source
of
drinking
water
for
the
phoenix
metro
area.
The
source
of
revenue
for
the
forest
fund
is
a
mixture
of
public
and
private
revenue
generated
from
forest
restoration
investment
packages.
N
The
fund
is
used
to
implement
on
the
ground,
restoration
and
fuel
reduction
projects.
The
ppp
model
is
also
being
used
to
enhance
resiliency
in
rangelands
in
2020.
A
public-private
partnership
called
the
cheatgrass
challenge
was
launched
in
idaho
in
this
inaugural
year.
The
challenge
selected
six
restoration
projects
in
sagebrush
habitat
to
receive
his
total
of
750
000
of
investment
generated
from
a
mix
of
federal
and
state
agency
funds
and
private
investments,
in
addition
to
establishing
innovative
funding
mechanisms
for
forest
and
rangeland
restoration.
These
public-private
partnerships
help
provide
jobs
and
they
connect
communities
to
their
watersheds.
N
N
D
Thank
you,
madam
chair,
so
I
had
a
question
on
the
pr
public
private
partnerships
piece.
I
guess
the
expectation
of
you
know
the
dollar
amount
that
you're
expecting
because
you
have
in
the
back
of
the
bill,
it's
a
short
bill,
but
you
have
workforce
development
and
you
you
also
have
the
investment
in
the
wildfire
prevention,
and
so
what
I'm?
I'm
wondering
you
know.
What
are
you
expecting
to
get
in
terms
of
money
from
the
private
public
partnership
and
then
why
isn't
the
workforce
development
piece
tied
to
existing
government
programs.
N
Thank
you
senator
neil
for
that
question.
Chair
don
darrell
loop
through
you
to
senator
neil
that
you
know
the
number
amount
the
dollar
amount
for
the
public-private
partnerships
really
varies
on
the
purpose.
For
that
specific,
public-private
partnership.
This
bill
was
is
just
giving
the
ability
for
the
fire
warden
to
enter
into
those
public-private
partnerships.
Should
she
deem
it
necessary
to
do
so,
and
so
it's
not
necessarily
allocating
a
specific
funding
for
a
specific
project.
N
It's
just
giving
the
ability
for
the
fire
warden
to
enter
into
those
and
the
way
that
the
money
is
raised.
It's
it's
different
for
different
public-private
partnerships,
but
it's
typically
an
investment
among
all
of
the
partners
in
that
public-private
partnership.
So
the
the
private
partners
bring
some
investment
and
that's
matched
by
a
public
investment
and
then
so
the
revenue
is
shared,
but
then
also
typically,
there's
committees
that
decide
on
how
that
money
is
spent
among
those
private
partnerships
as
well.
So
I
I
hope
that
answers
your
question.
It's
a
it's!
N
It's
really
a
tool,
at
least
for
what
rangeland
and
forest
restoration
to
be
able
to
pursue
those
larger
pots
of
funding.
That's
not
a
burden
on
any
one
person,
but
can
help
us
achieve
natural
infrastructure.
D
Yeah,
it
does,
but
I
I
guess
just
you
know
just
for
the.
I
guess
for
my
information,
who
are
you
considering
getting
into
who
are
the
private
companies
that
or
or
individuals
that
you
guys
are
thinking
about
getting
into
partnerships
with.
N
Thank
you,
senator
neil
for
the
question
and
through
you
chair,
donderelu,
to
senator
neil,
that's
a
good
question,
and
you
know
we.
We
provided
this
suggestion,
as
as
as
just
with
our
knowledge
of
public-private
partnerships
that
have
worked
such
as
those
that
I
cited
as
a
way
that
that
nevada
can
approach
this
issue
of
wildfire
threat.
We
honestly,
we
don't
have
too
many
specific
public
private
specific
projects
in
mind.
The
nature
conservancy
does
do
a
number
of
forest
restoration
projects
both
on
our
own
property
up
in
the
sierra
nevada
range.
N
We
we
do
our
own
controlled
burns
up
there,
but
then
we
also
partner
with
the
forest
service
in
the
tahoe
area,
and
then
we
also
partner
with
other
other
partners
in
the
rangelands
in
the
sagebrush
to
implement
various
restoration
land
restoration
projects
that
both
have
have
the
goal
of
understanding
the
dynamics
of
how
the
land
is
responding
to
wildfire
threat
and
climate
change
and
the
threats
that
approach
those,
but
that
also
help
us
develop
solutions
for
managing
those.
N
So
these
the
one
thing
that
we
have
noticed
in
our
work
at
the
nature,
conservancy
is
we've
mapped
out
the
wildfire
threat
to
the
truckee
river
watershed
and
we've
identified
several
areas
that
are,
we
can
target
for
treatment
that
would
be
really
effective
in
not
only
reducing
the
risk
of
stand,
replacing
fire,
but
also
reducing
the
risk
of
the
sediment
load
that
would
run
off
of
our
landscape
post
fire,
and
it's
in
this
work
that
we
have
come
to
understand
the
value
of
pre-restoration
treatments
in
our
forested
glands
and
those
involve
mechanical
thinning.
N
They
are
typically
very
expensive
and
they
typically
take
a
number
of
years
to
really
effectively
implement
a
large
area
of
land
and
treat
a
large
area
of
land,
and
so
knowing
that
and
knowing
that
we
have
an
issue
in
the
state
that
is
essentially
really
you
know
hard
to
meet
our
our
our
revenue,
hard
to
there's
more
need
than
there
is
revenue
to
meet
that
need.
We
proposed
this
as
a
potential
solution
for
just
another
tool
in
the
toolbox
for
opening
it
up.
N
N
We
can
not
only
employ
more
people
and
use
more
jobs,
but
we
can
these
these
jobs
to
treat
forests
are
jobs,
and
so
there's
we
feel
that
there's
a
workforce
development
component
piece
into
that
and
then
that
can
also
feed
into
workforce
development
opportunities
on
our
rangelands,
especially
if
we
really
look
into
research
and
development
opportunities
for
enhancing
the
health
of
our
rain
jobs
to
be
more
resilient
against
fire.
So
those
are
kind
of
some
of
the
areas
that
we
were
thinking
would
be
receiving
investment.
F
Thank
you,
madam
chair,
and
there's
a
piece
of
legislation.
That's
pending
right
now
we
changed.
Who
is
the
state
forester
fire
warden,
I'm
trying
to
remember.
Did
we
go
from
the
state
fire
marshal
back
to
casey
casey,
or
did
we
take
it
from
casey
casey?
There
is
a
there's
a
bill
pending.
That
gives
somebody
that
type
that
title
changes.
Who
is
the
state
forester
fire
warden?
So
I'm
just
trying
to
get
that
right.
In
my
own
mind
I
thought
maybe
it
went
to
the
fire
marshal
now.
G
G
What
that
bill
does
where
that
bill
is
certainly
when
this
bill
was
drafted
or
requested
from
the
wildfire
study,
we
were
dealing
with
a
state
forest
or
fire
warden,
because
that's
the
position
that's
currently
existing
oftentimes,
though
during
session
I
know
things
change
or
we're
dealing
with
bills,
and
we
we
to
the
extent
that
another
bill
would
conflict.
We
do
deal
with
that,
so,
but
I'll
I'll
double
check
to
see
the
status
of
the
state
forester
fire
award.
A
Miss
mullen,
I
believe
we
have
miss
casey
on
the
line
there
and,
if
you
wouldn't
mind,
would
you
be
able
to
address
that
question
for
us?
Please.
P
I'm
sure
thank
you
for
the
record
casey
casey
forester
fire
warden.
I'm
not
aware
of
a
bill
that
changes
the
title
over
to
the
state
fire
marshal.
We
did
have
a
part
portion
of
sb
33,
which
was
removing
some
of
the
duties
from
the
state
forest
or
fire
warden
to
the
fire
marshal's
office
as
it
related
to
the
wui
code,
but
those
have
been
stricken.
So
I'm
not
aware
of
a
title
change
bill.
F
P
A
A
Q
Thank
you,
madam
chair
and
members
of
the
committee,
all
awfully
nice
to
see
you
and
be
here
with
you
today
and
my
name's
keith
lee
I'm
here
today
on
behalf
of
the
alert
wildfire
systems.
Dpa
wildfire
live.
If
I
may
just
jump
ahead
with
your
permission,
madam
chair,
and,
and
to
to
senator
neil's
question
or
dialogue
with
ms
mohn,
I
I
can
tell
you
that
how
it
works
in
in
california
very
effectively
is
the
independently
owned
utilities
over.
There
are
part
of
the
public-private
partnership
with
the
cdf
and
the
camera
folks.
Q
The
the
first
fire
camera
ever
placed
in
the
state
of
nevada
back
in
1913
was
really
a
or
2013
was,
was
really
a
private
sector
alert
tahoe
folks
that
that
funded
the
camera.
So
there's
a
lot
of
ngos
out
there
that
can
participate
in
this.
They
all
have
their
own
particular
interests,
of
course.
But
but
this,
I
think,
ab-84
and
we
testified
in
support
of
it
on
the
assembly
side
certainly
supported
here-
is
it's
a
very
important
tool.
Q
We've
seen
some
limited
success
with
it,
and
hopefully
this
will
open
up
to
greater
success
in
terms
of
the
private
ngos
and
others
getting
involved
in
in
assisting
the
state
in
its
fire
suppression,
detection,
etc
efforts.
So
I
just
put
that
in
there.
If
I
may
again,
madam
chair
good
afternoon
and
members
of
committee,
it's
pleasure
to
be
here.
As
I
said,
my
name
is
keith
lee.
I
represent
the
alert,
wildfire
systems
dba
wildfire
live.
Q
You
may
re
if
I
may
call
your
attention
to
sb180
that
this
committee
heard
I
think,
on
march
17th,
that
you
had
a
more
detailed
presentation
by
dr
graham
kent,
who
is
the
founder
of
who
is
the
director
of
nevada,
seismology
lab
who
founded
these
cameras.
He
and
his
staff
founded
these
cameras
and
put
them
in
place
and
I'll
call
your
attention
to
that
presentation,
as
well
as
the
the
powerpoint.
Q
As
I
said,
the
fire
camera
system
started
in
1913
with
a
single
fire,
a
single
camera
on
snow
valley,
peak
here
in
the
carson
range
that
was
funded
by
the
alert
tahoe
folks.
It
has
now
expanded
to
more
than
800
cameras
in
five
states
with
another
two
to
three
hundred
to
be
deployed
this
year,
and
we
have
just
now
entered
into
an
agreement
in
australia
where
we've
now
deployed
six
cameras
in
australia.
So
this
is
obviously
a
a
going
concern
that
is
very
effective
in
in
early
detection.
Q
The
the
presentation
before
assembling
one
peters
bill,
the
the
pine
haven
fire
that
was
located
two
seconds
or
1.2
seconds
after
the
9
11
call
came
in
one
of
our
cameras
across
the
valley
from
the
fire
detected
that
and
confirmed
that.
So
it's
a
very
important
tool
and
what
we're
proposing
here
in
this
amendment
and
first
let
me
thank
senator
scheible
and
miss
moan
and
and
miss
casey
and
kyle
davis
in
some
rapid
response
to
my
request
to
have
this
added
yesterday
afternoon.
Q
Q
But
you
can
see
that
the
blue
language
simply
is
enabling
language
to
enable
unable
to
store
the
state
forester
fire
warden
to
include
in
in
her
arsenal
of
weapons
against
fire
against
wildland
fires,
the
ability
to
purchase
or
acquire
cameras
or
other
wildlife
or
other
equipment
necessary
for
early
warning
or
detection
of
wildfires.
Q
I
stress
acquiring
cameras,
because
again,
we
are
not
asking
for
any
kind
of
a
a
appropriation
to
purchase
these
cameras,
but
there's
ability-
and
I
think
miss
casey-
has
testified
previously
and
probably
will
say
so
today-
that
right
now
there's
the
ability
dealing
with
the
state
and
or
with
the
federal
government
and
with
with
private
sector,
and
certainly
with
nv
energy
in
this
state,
where
money
can
be
leveraged
both
from
the
private
sector
and
from
ngos
and
others
to
acquire
and
install
these
fire
cameras.
Q
So
it's
again
another
tool
in
her
in
in
miss
casey's
arsenal
to
fight
these
wildfires
and
we're
not
requesting
appropriation.
Nor
do
we
think
it's
appropriate
to
do
so,
but
again,
I
think
it
recognizes
the
value
of
these
fire
cameras
and
certainly
adds
another
tool
to
the
to
the
arsenal.
With
with
that,
madam
chair
I'll,
try
to
answer
any
questions
you
or
other
members
of
the
committee
may
have.
A
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
lee.
I'm
going
to
start
because
when
we
heard
this
bill
I
think
my
biggest
concern
was
is
not
the
acquired
by
donation
supplies
material.
Q
Excuse
me
keith
lee
for
the
record.
Thank
you,
madam
chair
again
it
it's
it's
language
that
you
know
again
adding
a
another
additional
tool.
I
mean
right
now.
We
understand,
obviously,
that
the
general
fund
is
is
overstretched
right
now
and
we
have.
Q
We
have
a
lot
of
issues
we
have
to
deal
with,
but
the
idea
is
that,
if,
in
the
the
future,
if
this
body
should
decide
through
its
its
money
committees
and
through
the
full
body
itself,
that
there's
appropriate
funds
necessary
or
available
rather
and
if
the
state
officials,
the
dc
and
our
folks
and
and
the
forester
fire
warden
would
say
yes,
we
think
now
with
some
additional
that
there's
the
availability
of
funds
and
will
make
an
request
to
have
those
funds
appropriate
is
simply,
is,
I
think,
just
again
part
of
the
the
the
tools
that
we
want
to
be
able
to
give
to
the
state
forester
fire
warden
in
the
event
that
funds
were
available
down
the
road.
Q
This
is
not
something,
as
I
said,
it
is
not
our
intent
and
I
don't
speak
for
dc
r
or
miss
casey,
but
I
don't
suspect
they
have
a
desire
to
chase
some
some
dollars
this
session
to
to
to
acquire
cameras.
But
again
it's
the
it's
just
the
ability
that,
in
in
future
times,
if
it's
availa,
if
it
makes
sense
to
do
so,
that
we
have
the
ability
to
do
so.
It's
not
something
that
that
that
is
necessarily
going
to
go
forward
with
any
degree
of
being
dependent
so
definitive.
A
Thank
you
very
much
and
and
I'll.
Let
others
go
and
ask
questions,
but
we
may
want
to
consider
amending
the
amendment
if
we're
going
to
put
the
word
purchase
in
because
I'm
not
sure
whether
that
would
be
grabbed
by
finance
or
not
so
with
that
any
additional
questions.
Senator
neil
senator
hansen,
awful
quiet
down
there,
senator
goku,
chia,
okay,
everybody's
good,
thank.
A
Very
much
appreciate
it.
Thank
you,
mr
lee,
and
with
that
miss
casey,
did
you
want
to
weigh
in
on
any
of
that?
Okay,
you
just
want
to
stay
out
of
the
line
of
fire.
Okay,
all
righty!
Thank
you
very
much.
Well
with
that,
then
we
will
go
to
our
public
testimony
of
support
opposition
in
neutral
and
broadcasting.
Please,
when
you're
ready.
I
G
Good
afternoon,
madam
chair
and
senators,
my
name
is
tiffany
east
t-I-f-f
a-n-y-e-a-s-p
and
I'm
the
chairwoman
of
the
nevada
board
of
wildlife
commissioners.
The
wildlife
commission
unanimous
unanimously,
supports
ab-84
as
presented
while
the
commission
has
not
yet
reviewed
the
friendly
amendment.
We
did
support
previous
bill.
Fb
180.
you've
heard
a
lot
about
wildfire
this
afternoon,
so
I'm
just
going
to
touch
on
a
few
points.
G
I
J
J
Science
tells
us
that
climate
change
is
making
the
west
hotter
and
drier
contributing
to
larger,
more
intense
wildfires
and
last
year's
fire
season
set
new
records
in
terms
of
geographic
scale,
fire
intensity
and
rate
of
spread.
These
wildfires
have
disastrous
impacts
on
natural
areas
and
wildlife,
habitats
and
the
pollution
effects
from
the
smoke
are
hazardous
to
our
health.
Encouraging
collaboration,
partnerships
and
early
detection
will
help
our
state
better
mitigate
and
respond
to
wildfires.
We
urge
the
committee
support
on
ab-84.
Thank
you
for
your
time.
I
R
Thank
you,
madam
chair
members
of
the
committee,
for
the
record.
My
name
is
kyle
davis,
a
v
s,
and
I
appear
today
on
behalf
of
the
coalition
for
nevada's
wildlife.
We
are
here
in
support
of
the
bill,
as
well
as
the
amendment
that
has
been
offered
today.
We
do
think
that
the
early
detection
of
wildfires
is
incredibly
important
for
the
protection
of
wildlife
habitat
in
the
interest
of
time.
I
would
just
echo
miss
east's
statements
today
and
would
urge
the
committee's
support
for
both
the
bill
and
the
amendment.
Thank
you.
I
A
Thank
you
very
much
and
with
that
we'll
close
the
hearing
unless
miss
mullen,
has
any
closing
comments.
N
N
It
would
protect
our
forest
health,
it
would
protect
our
communities
from
wildfire,
and
these
costs
are
huge
and
exorbitant
and
any
way
that
we
can
find
to
spread
the
cost
out
over
a
larger
portion
with
multiple
people
contributing
in
a
public-private
partnership
is
really
what
we're
interested
in
with
this
bill.
I
don't
those
are
just
two
examples
of
how
it
could
be
used
and
we've
heard
many
more
and
very
much
appreciate
the
testimony
and
the
support
testimony
from
others,
and
I
very
much
appreciate
the
committee's
time
today
and
hearing
this
bill.
A
Thank
you
very
much
and
with
that
we
will
close
the
hearing
on
assembly
bill
84
and
we
will
open
the
hearing
on
assembly
bill.
100
and
mr
taylor,
are
you
back
in
the
queue.
F
A
Well,
we're
gonna
call
you
up,
otherwise
we're
going
to
be
in
trouble,
so
we've
got
miss
casey
on
the
line
and
she's
going
to
also
assist
so
we'll.
Let
her
start
miss
casey
go
ahead
when
you're
ready-
and
you
have
mr
taylor
here.
If
you
need
a
backup
plan.
P
Thank
you
good
evening,
good
evening
now,
madam
chair
members
of
the
committee
for
the
record
kckc
state
forester
fire
award
for
the
nevada
division
of
forestry.
P
This
is
currently
facilitated
through
the
nevada
fire
board
of
director
directors.
Section
2
would
codify
that
partnership
and
statute
to
ensure
that
coordination
among
federal
state
and
local
jurisdictions
remains
a
top
priority
to
ensure
the
closest
available
wildfire
response.
Assets
respond
as
quickly
as
possible
via
coordinated
dispatch,
are
trained
to
the
highest
standards
and
communicate
in
a
timely
and
appropriate
manner.
P
Section
3
would
establish
nevada's
wildland
fire
protection
program
or,
as
you
heard
it
earlier
mentioned,
the
wfpp
in
statute.
Ndf
has
the
authority
to
initiate
these
agreements
with
local
fire
jurisdictions
under
nrs472050
and
the
division
began.
Building
these
agreements
following
legislative
approval
in
the
77th
session
of
the
nevada
legislature,
participating
counties
and
fire
protection
districts,
and
the
interim
committee
requested
this
program
be
specifically
set
forth
in
statute
to
provide
program,
stability
and
longevity
for
participants
to
maximize
the
value
of
the
wildland
fire
protection
program.
It
is
important
that
all
eligible
jurisdictions
become
formal
participants.
P
If
nevada
is
going
to
get
ahead
of
the
catastrophic
loss
of
property,
lives,
infrastructure
and
ecosystems
resulting
from
wildland
fires,
all
four
areas
must
become
the
focus
of
work
at
a
landscape
scale
to
change
fire
behavior.
This
is
consistent
with
ndf's
primary
strategic
plan
goals,
the
division's
mission
and
the
shared
stewardship
agreement
with
our
federal
partners,
signed
by
governor
sisilak
in
november
of
2019,
section
5,
allows
the
state
forest
or
fire
warden
to
provide
meals
to
employees
on
certain
critical
natural
resource
projects
and
wildland
fire
responses.
P
P
Section
5
would
allow
ndf
to
camp
on
site
and
provide
mobile
kitchen
units
where
deemed
more
economical
for
the
project
to
provide
meals.
In
addition
to
being
more
fiscally
responsible,
this
proposal
will
increase
the
production
rate
of
conservation
crews
and
enhance
staff
safety,
which
otherwise
greatly
decreases
because
of
drive
times
to
and
from
projects.
P
Section
5
also
provides
ndf
mobile
kitchen
staff.
Additional
training
needed
for
emergency
response
around
the
state
section
6
requires
the
state
forester
fire
warden
to
cooperate
with
state
federal
and
local
agency
cooperators
on
fire
restrictions
in
nevada.
This
is
current
practice,
however.
Solidifying
the
practice
and
statute
will
insert
can
will
ensure
consistency
into
the
future.
P
S
Thank
you
for
warning,
casey
and
good
evening,
chair
dondera
lou,
I'm
sorry
for
the
sun
here,
I'm
gonna
have
to
sort
of
lean
this
direction,
so
my
name
is
barbara
richton,
I'm
the
insurance
commissioner
for
the
state
of
nevada
and
I'm
here
to
present
just
section
9
of
the
assembly
bill
100,
so
section
9
is
going
to
allow
the
insurance
commission
returns
the
discretion
to
create
an
incentive
program
to
promote
and
encourage
property
owners
to
take
measures
to
mitigate
the
proper,
the
risk
of
property
loss
or
damage
caused
by
wildfire.
S
The
bill
directs
that
the
commissioner
must
consult
with
the
state
forester
fire
warden
to
determine
the
mitigation
measures
that
will
be
included
in
the
incentive
program
described
in
the
bill.
So
as
additional
comments
on
the
division
would
like
to
note
that,
while
this
bill
focuses
on
individuals
taking
mitigation
steps
to
help
curb
the
devastating
effects
of
wildfire,
the
division
has
concerns
on
the
efficacy
of
solely
focusing
on
individuals
taking
mitigation
efforts
for
the
incentive
program.
S
A
Senator
neal.
Please.
D
Thank
you,
madam
chair,
so
that
the
main
question
I
have
was
on
section
nine.
What
are
the
incentives
that
you
think
you're
going
to
provide
to
promote
this
behavior.
S
We
actually
talked
about
some
of
the
incentive
issues
prior
to
this,
and
what
we
found
is
that,
if
you
follow
what's
happened
in
california,
there
are
some
incentive
programs
that
can
be
put
in
place
to
actually
have
the
insurance
carriers
support
the
community
efforts
and
so
that
they
get
a
mitigation
break
on
the
cost
for
the
consumers.
S
So
I
think
that's
the
kind
of
program
that
we're
going
to
be
looking
at.
We've
also
worked
with
some
of
the
other
federal
partners
to
try
to
figure
out
what
kind
of
incentive
programs
would
be
helpful,
and
one
of
the
focuses
that
we're
probably
going
to
be
looking
at
specifically
is
that
there
is
a
human
nature
or
human
behavior.
That
needs
to
be
adjusted
as
far
as
making
sure
that
folks
know
that
there
is
a
change
in
potential
wildfire
concerns
in
western
zones
and
the
western
states.
D
So
man
of
charge
just
quick
follow-up,
so
so,
okay,
let's
say
you
know,
this
is
liberty,
mutual
right
and
you're.
You,
you
offer
you
say:
okay,
liberty,
mutual!
We
we
want
you
to
get
involved
and
offer
these
incentives
to
property
owners.
What
do
the
property
owners
get?
Do
they
get
a
reduction
in
the
the
premium
like
what?
Because,
if
you
say
well,
you
you
get
a
booklet,
that's
getting
ready
to
educate
you
on
wildfires
you're,
just
like,
I
think,
I'm
getting
gypped
right
like
I'm,
not
I'm!
S
Yeah
no
you're,
I
totally
understand
where
you're
coming
from
yeah.
No,
I
it's
not
a
pamphlet,
so
the
idea
is
to
do
much
like
do
they
do
with
hurricanes
on
the
east
coast
and
then
the
like
texas
and
louisiana
area
is.
There
are
certain
mitigation
programs
that
get
put
in
in
place
by
the
or
not
programs
but
potential
options
or
offerings
that
come
from
the
insurance
carriers.
S
So
if,
for
example,
we
were
heading
into
the
into
the
tahoe
area,
we
would
look
to
all
the
the
insurance
carriers
who
are
servicing
homes
in
that
area
to
try
to
come
up
with
mitigation
efforts
that
would
cross
not
just
boundaries
of
you
know,
making
sure
or
having
the
potential
of
having
a
like
a
sprinkler
system
in
your
home,
which
would
help
a
homeowner,
but
it
wouldn't
help
the
community.
So
there
are
community
efforts
that
can
be
put
in
place.
S
That
would
actually
help
all
the
community
members
and
also
provide
breaks
and
cost
controls
and
one
would
hope,
a
decrease
in
premiums
for
the
actual
consumers
themselves.
D
L
If
I
can
give
a
real
world
example,
homeowners
association
liability
in
the
wildland
urban
interface
is
very
difficult
to
write
and
place
with
carriers,
and
we've
had
very
good
success
with
my
fire
department,
of
course
we're
a
wealthier
community.
L
We
match
it
with
a
thousand
dollar
grant
that
comes
from
a
third
party.
We
use
our
own
crews
to
come
in
as
well
as
there's
also
available
for
private
crews
to
be
used.
The
a
defensible
space
inspection
is
done,
the
work
is
completed,
and
then
what
we're
finding
is
that
the
carrier,
the
hoa
carrier,
is
happy,
then,
at
that
point,
that
the
common
areas
for
the
condo
project
or
the
apartments
or
or
the
townhouses
has
been
sufficiently
protected.
L
A
So
don't
I
don't
know
who
this
is
is
for,
but
is
there
a?
A
I
don't
even
know
how
to
like.
Is
there
a
mandate
for
this
section
nine,
or
is
it
just
creating
these
this
information
and
encouraging
this
to
happen?
Mr
taylor,
you
were
just
talking
about,
you,
know
condos
and
apartments
and
things
is
there
a
mandate
for
them
to
have
the
insurance.
L
So
that's
your
that's
your
balancing
test
there
and
again
we're
you
know
we're
a
wealthier
community.
So
what's
happened
is
you
we've
had
fundraisers
we've
had
other
things:
we've
had
neighbors
helping
neighbors
where
you
might
have
a
couple:
that's
elderly
and
doesn't
have
the
financial
resources,
so
it'll
take
care
of
it.
The
most
you
can
get
from
any
of
our
programs
at
north
lake
tahoe
is
a
one
thousand
dollar
stipend.
L
If
you
will
towards
the
work
that
needs
to
be
done
and
we
we
have
crew,
we
have
four
inspectors
that
that
are
authorized
to
inspect
vegetation.
L
You
can't
get
a
sign
off
on
any
sort
of
home,
remodel
or
new
construction
unless
you
go
through
a
defensible
space,
in
fact,
inspection
and
then,
then,
really
from
that
point
on,
my
organization
follows
and
makes
sure
the
work
gets
done,
and
so
we've
we've
had
insurance
carriers
that
have
abandoned
other
areas
due
to
wildfire
we're
we're
a
prime
wildfire
area.
The
prevailing
winds
hit
us
every
day
and
again
steep
slopes,
lots
of
fuel,
big
trees,
we're
not
really
having
a
problem.
Renewing
insurance.
A
M
M
A
Thank
you
very
much
and
with
that
did
we
lose
miss
casey
there
she
is
hey.
Do
you
have
any
closing
comments
for
us?
Please.
P
Thank
you,
chair
again
for
the
record
kckc
state
forester
prior
award.
I
don't
have
any
closing
comments.
I
just
want
to.
Thank
you
all
for
your
time
today.
P
As
you
all
know,
wildfire
is
a
is
a
critical
issue
in
the
state
of
nevada
not
only
to
lives
and
property,
but
also
to
our
ecosystems
and
you've,
heard
a
lot
of
ways
today
in
which
we
can
help
try
to
prevent
and
reduce
that
risk
across
the
state,
and
I
appreciate
the
time
you
all
took,
and
I
also
appreciate
the
interim
committee
on
on
some
of
these
ideas
that
came
out.
So
thank
you
very
much
for
your
time.
A
Thank
you
very
much
for
your
time
as
well.
We
know
that
it
makes
the
day
long
for
you
as
well.
So
thank
you
very
much
and
with
that
I'll
close
the
hearing
on
assembly
bill
100
and
with
that
we
have
one
item
left
and
that
is
public
testimony.
Our
public
comment.
So
if
anybody
is
on
the
line
for
public
comment,
please
join.
I
I
R
Good
evening
chris
bailey
daly
nevada
state
education
association,
the
voice
of
nevada
educators
for
over
120
years
on
monday,
40
educators
from
across
the
state
convened
in
carson
city
for
our
educator
lobby
day.
Thank
you
to
all
of
you
who
sat
down
and
listened
to
educators
this
week.
One
of
the
concerns
raised
is
the
impact
language
included
in
sb
543,
the
new
school
funding
formula,
which
raises
the
amount
of
ending
fund
balance
rolled
off
from
collective
bargaining
to
16.6
percent
of
district
operating
budgets.
R
Unless
amended,
this
provision
is
set
to
go
into
effect
on
july
1st
and
would
be
one
of
the
biggest
anti-union
shifts
collective
bargaining
decades.
First,
a
little
bit
of
history.
Back
in
the
weeks
these
teacher
strikes
and
walkouts
became
increasingly
common,
both
in
clark
and
washoe.
In
response
to
this,
in
a
movement
across
the
country,
republican
senator
carl
dodge
brought
forward
nevada's
public
sector
collective
bargaining
process
in
nrs
280a.
R
This
provided
public
employers,
employees,
a
process
for
discussion
and
resolution
of
differences
regarding
wages,
hours
and
conditions
of
employment,
while
ensuring
that
services
to
the
public
would
continue
without
interruption.
The
collective
bargaining
process
is
designed
to
push
parties
to
reach
agreement
whenever
possible.
This
is
accomplished
through
a
series
of
proposals
and
counter
proposals
where
parties
move
towards
agreement.
It
also
includes
binding
arbitration
with
the
last
best
offer
package.
If
parties
cannot
reach
agreement,
either
side
can
declare
impasse.
R
When
this
happens,
parties
present
their
proposals
to
an
arbitrator
accepts
either.
The
employees
are
the
employer's
proposal
and
both
parties
are
bound
to
that
decision.
This
process
also
requires
parties
to
determine
district's
ability
to
pay
for
items
before
the
arbitrator.
This
is
why
the
issue
of
ending
fund
balance
is
so
important
in
most
negotiations.
Ending
fund
balance
is
the
main
source
of
funds
identified
to
cover
proposals
with
a
financial
cost
proposed
by
employee
associations.
This
includes
wages
and
benefits
like
health
care
and
retirement,
but
it
also
includes
many
proposals
related
to
workplace
safety.
A
R
Thank
you,
madam
chair.
I'm
sorry
we
weren't
able
to
have
a
hearing,
but
we'll
keep
talking
about
this
through
the
rest
of
this
session.
Thank.