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A
All
right,
thank
you,
so
much
I'll
go
ahead
and
give
my
nod
to
the
secretary
that
we're
ready
to
begin.
A
Recording
okay,
welcome
to
the
senate
committee
on
growth
and
infrastructure.
Will
the
commit
will
the
secretary
please
call
the
roll.
C
A
Here
and
we
will
mark
senator
spearman
present
as
she
arrives.
Actually
I
see
her.
A
A
B
A
Here
there
are
five
members
present:
we
have
a
quorum,
just
a
friendly
reminder.
Please
be
courteous
and
respectful
with
others
during
this
meeting.
Even
if
you
disagree
with
another
person's
position
and
for
those
participating
on
zoom,
please
be
sure
to
meet
your
microphone
when
you
are
not
speaking.
A
The
first
item
on
our
agenda
today
is
a
presentation
on
the
state
climate
strategy.
We
have
with
us
the
department
of
conservation
and
natural
resources,
as
well
as
the
governor's
office
of
energy.
I
believe
we
should
have
bradley
crowl,
director
of
the
department
of
conservation,
natural
resources,
greg
lovato
administrator
of
division
of
environmental
protection
avert.
I
hope
I
said
that
correct
state
climate
policy
coordinator
and
david
bosnian
director
of
the
governor's
office
of
energy.
I
will
turn
it
all
over
to
you
all.
C
Thank
you,
chair
harris.
Can
you
hear
us?
Okay,
great
and
it's
it's
favorite
I'll,
do
that
for
dr
avery?
Now
and
yes,
it's
not
easy,
you
gotta
learn
it
once
and
then
you
get
it
so.
Yes,
thank
you,
chair
harris
and
members
of
the
committee.
My
name
again
is
bradley
krall
and
the
director
of
the
nevada
department
of
conservation
and
natural
resources.
C
Building
on
the
success
of
the
rps
nevada
must
now
broaden
its
focus
and
actions
to
address
climate
pollution
across
all
economic
sectors
in
nevada.
My
colleagues
will
discuss
further
the
key
sectors.
Nevada
must
focus
on
to
swift
focus
on
swiftly
to
achieve
the
goals
we've
set
for
our
state
and
to
be
a
leader
amongst
our
peers
in
in
other
states
for
climate
action.
C
C
Our
efforts,
our
efforts
to
more
broadly
tackle
climate
change,
began
in
earnest
in
2019,
under
governor
systec's
leadership
when
he
joined
nevada
with
the
u.s
climate
alliance.
The
current
membership
of
the
alliance
includes
25
states,
with
both
democratic
and
republican
governors
representing
over
50
percent
of
the
u.s
population.
C
C
in
exchange
nevada
receives
valuable
technical
and
analytical
support
from
the
alliance
to
help
track
our
emissions
profile
and
offer
input
for
policy
designs
that
will
work
best
for
nevada
next
slide,
also
in
2019,
as
a
complement
to
nevada's
membership
in
the
climate
alliance,
the
nevada
legislature
passed
two
important
bills
to
enhance
nevada's
focus
on
climate
change.
The
first
sp
358
increased
nevada's
rps
to
50
clean
electricity
generation
by
2030.,
the
second
sb
254
established
in
statute,
economy-wide
greenhouse
gas
reduction
milestones
for
nevada.
C
C
However,
by
working
together
to
design
smart
climate
policy
for
nevada,
we
can
still
meet
these
goals
if
we
act
now
with
that,
I
will
turn
it
over
to
director
bob's
ian
to
discuss
the
actions
we
are
taking
now
to
mitigate
climate
pollution
from
various
sources,
but
much
more
still
needs
to
be
done.
Director,
bob's,
posing.
D
Thank
you,
director,
kroll,
and
thank
you,
madam
chair
members
of
the
committee,
for
allowing
me
to
spend
some
time
with
you
this
afternoon,
david
bobson,
director
of
the
governor's
office
of
energy,
continuing
forward
with
the
work
that
was
done
in
2019
on
on
climate.
In
november
of
2019,
the
governor
signed
executive
order,
2019
22,
which
further,
I
think,
makes
the
point
that
we
have
made
much
progress
when
it
comes
to
clean
energy
generation
and
and
the
renewable
portfolio
standard.
D
But
we
have
other
sectors
of
the
economy
that
we
now
need
to
focus
on
for
our
climate
action,
and
so
the
goals
of
the
executive
order
again
are
to
move
beyond
just
the
consideration
of
clean
energy,
but
also
to
address
statewide
impacts
of
climate
change,
wildfire,
critical
infrastructure,
drought,
wildlife,
etc.
So
the
effort
under
the
executive
order
for
the
administration
was
co-led
by
the
nevada
department
of
conservation,
natural
resources,
as
well
as
the
governor's
office
of
energy.
D
D
But
even
with
the
executive
order
and
the
development
of
the
climate
strategy,
we
have
numerous
examples
of
the
administration
not
waiting
to
act
on.
This
there's
been
a
lot
of
activity
in
the
climate
space,
clean
cars,
nevada,
probably
at
the
top
of
the
list,
for
for
notable
actions,
and
this
is
the
development
of
new
regulations
to
make
more
available
low
and
zero
emission
passenger
vehicles
for
consumers
in
nevada.
D
We
have
a
lot
of
activity
around
the
volkswagen
settlement
and
the
funds
derived
from
that
a
lot
of
activity
from
division
of
environmental
protection
for
the
replacement
of
diesel,
school
buses,
transit
buses
and
other
vehicles,
and
also
a
lot
of
work
with
ground
support
equipment
at
both
mccarran
and
reno
tahoe
airports
replacing
those
with
electric
options
and
then
also
the
ghg
emissions
reduction
strategy
from
the
department
of
transportation.
D
D
And,
of
course,
when
we
talk
about
the
volkswagen
settlements,
it's
also
important
to
note
the
nevada
electric
highway
and
the
milestones
have
been
hit
on
that.
I-15
is
now
completed
and
eligible
for
designation
as
a
federal
alternative
fuels
corridor
for
ev,
as
as
a
corridor
designation,
we're
still
working
on
interstate
80,
u.s,
50,
95
and
93..
Those
are
scheduled
for
substantial
completion
in
2021.
D
D
The
annual
cost
savings
for
average
nevada
households
comes
out
to
81
dollars
and
also
you'll,
see
examples
of
again
climate
change
and
addressing
climate
change
being
handled
at
the
individual
agency
level.
Probably
the
best
example
is
climate
features
front
and
center.
If
you
review
the
public
utilities,
commission
of
nevada
and
their
strategic
report
really
puts
climate
change
right
at
the
front
of
the
report
and
with
that
we'll
I'll
go
ahead
and
turn
it
over
to
dr
avert
our
state
climate
coordinator,
who
can
present
the
strategy
to
you.
F
So
good
afternoon,
kristen
avett
for
the
record
and
thank
you
chair
harris
for
the
opportunity
to
present
on
the
climate
strategy
a
bit
today.
So,
as
director
bob
zian
pointed
out,
we
are
already
seeing
a
tremendous
amount
of
action
around
climate
across
the
entire
state
and
with
the
recognition
of
the
need
to
tie
all
of
this
action
together
and
have
a
home
for
climate.
As
we
move
forward,
governor
sislek
launched
his
nevada
climate
initiative
in
august
of
2020
its
mission
to
ensure
a
healthy,
vibrant
climate
resilient
future
for
all
nevadans.
F
With
this
in
mind,
when
we
designed
the
climate
strategy,
we
wanted
to
ensure
that
it
provides
the
scaffolding
around
which
the
entire
state
of
nevada
climate
initiative
can
be
built.
The
strategy
is
about
laying
the
foundation
for
the
broader
initiative
and
really
creating
a
legacy
of
climate
action
for
our
state.
So
there
are
three
overarching
goals
for
the
state
climate
strategy,
the
first
to
provide
a
framework
for
reducing
nevada's
greenhouse
gas
emissions
across
all
economic
sectors.
The
second
lay
the
groundwork
for
climate
adaptation
and
resilience.
F
F
The
first
was
a
scientific
survey
that
was
developed
by
unlv
faculty,
where
we
really,
we
asked
nevadans
about
what
they
care
about,
as
it
relates
to
climate
change
and
then
the
second
was
a
series
of
listening
sessions
focused
on
different
climate
topics
and
these
listening
sessions.
These
were
convened
by
representatives
from
different
state
agencies,
but
they
were
not
about
us
presenting
to
the
public.
It
was
about
hearing
from
nevadans.
F
So
in
this
spirit,
at
every
listening
session,
we
accommodated
every
request
for
public
comment
and
we
do
have
archives
of
these.
Should
you
be
interested
on
our
website
at
climateaction.nv.gov,
so
on
to
the
strategy
itself,
we
did
release
the
strategy
to
the
public
on
december
1st
on
our
website
and
you
can
find
it
at
climatestrategy.nv.gov
and
we
release
this
document
in
a
web
format,
and
we
did
this
for
two
primary
reasons.
The
first
is
that
we
wanted
it
to
be
approachable,
given
the
scope
of
the
executive
order.
F
The
strategy
is
necessarily
quite
comprehensive
and
there
is
a
lot
of
material
all
told
if
we
were
to
print
it
all
out
single
spaced
with
10
and
a
half
point
font.
It
would
be
150
pages
so
as
a
print
version
read
in
serial.
That
could
be
fairly
overwhelming,
so
we
structured
a
landing
page
that
really
allows
people
to
dig
in
on
the
issues
that
are
most
interest
to
them
and
what
they
think
is
most
important.
F
The
second
reason
is
that
web-based
formats
lend
themselves
to
the
concept
of
a
living
document,
the
strategy
is
intended
to
be
used.
It's
not
intended
to
sit
on
a
shelf.
We
really
want
to
be
able
to
have
a
platform
where
we
can
expand
and
dig
deeper
into
different
components
of
the
strategy
as
we
move
forward
and
develop
different
roadmaps
towards
climate
action
in
our
state.
F
Okay,
so
the
first
section
of
the
strategy
is
about
what
we
do
and
what
we
don't
know
about
climate
change
and
about
it.
This
was
led
by
our
state
climatologist
at
unr,
dr
stephanie
mcafee,
and
the
team
was
composed
of,
I
would
argue,
the
best
climate
scientists
in
our
state
from
unlv,
unr
and
dri.
F
Now
this
section
represents
the
first
climate
assessment
that
has
been
done
very
specifically
for
the
state
of
nevada,
and
it
is,
I
will
say
it
is
fairly
complex.
However,
there
are
two
things
in
this
section
that
I
would
direct
you
to.
The
first
is
a
table
of
climate
impacts
that
is,
at
the
very
start
of
this
section
of
the
strategy.
This
table
lays
out
how
the
impacts
of
climate
change
affect
different
sectors
across
the
state,
including
public
health,
agriculture,
tourism,
as
well
as
water
resources.
F
The
second
thing
I
would
encourage
you
to
look
at
is
at
the
very
end
of
the
section,
and
this
is
where
the
team
lays
out
the
risks
that
are
posed
to
nevada
by
climate
change.
All
told
this
particular
section
of
the
strategy
it
really
it
is
the
baseline
work.
That's
really
necessary
for
us
to
develop
a
very
detailed
risk
assessment
to
ensure
that
nevadans
are
resilient
to
the
impacts
of
climate
change.
F
So
the
next
section
of
the
strategy
is
about
what
nevadans
think,
and
it
includes
the
initial
results
from
that
scientific
survey
about
climate
that
was
conducted
by
unlv,
and
the
key
takeaway
here
is
that
nevadans
are
they're
concerned
about
climate
change.
The
initial
results
show
that
over
75
of
those
who
responded
to
the
survey
are
very
concerned
about
the
climate
and
the
issue
that
they're
most
concerned
about
is
drought.
F
Then
we
applied
this
framework
to
very
specific
climate
mitigation
policies.
Now
the
first
question
that
we're
always
asked
is:
how
did
we
select
the
policies
that
we
included
in
the
climate
strategy?
Where
did
they
come
from?
Well,
if
you
recall,
per
sb
254,
the
ndap
greenhouse
gas
inventory
is
required
to
include
a
catalog
of
potential
policies
that
could
be
implemented
in
our
state
to
help
us
achieve
our
emissions
reduction
targets.
F
So
all
of
the
mitigation-focused
policies
that
are
included
in
the
strategy
they
were
drawn
directly
from
the
policy
catalog
that
was
included
in
the
2019
iteration
of
the
ndap
greenhouse
gas
inventory
and
for
convenience.
We
included
the
relevant
text
from
the
policy
catalog
in
the
strategy
and
we
included
links
to
the
different
parts
of
the
strategy
that
addressed
the
policies,
programs
or
the
concepts
that
were
called
up
called
out
in
that
in-depth
catalog.
F
So
all
told
we
specifically
evaluated
17
different
climate
mitigation
policies
across
five
different
economic
sectors.
Now,
at
this
point,
there
are
two
things
I
really
want
to
be
sure
to
make
clear
the
first.
We
did
not
develop
any
new
mitigation-focused
policies
in
the
strategy
and
then
the
second
is
that
we
did
not
make
specific
recommendations
to
implement
these
policies,
as
is,
nor
did
we
prioritize
one
policy
over
the
another
and
the
reason.
F
So
the
approach
that
we
took
was
to
evaluate
these
17
different
mitigation
policies,
and
then
we
provided
a
pathway
to
figure
out
how
we
can
make
each
of
these
work
for
nevada
and
the
way
that
we
did.
This
was
through
the
design
of
our
policy
framework,
all
right.
So
the
framework
I'm
going
to
walk
through
this.
The
framework
was
comprised
of
four
different
metrics,
the
first
metric.
What
is
the
potential
to
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions
and
on
what
time
frame
should
this
particular
policy
be
implemented?
The
second
climate
justice?
F
What
impacts
might
the
policy
have
on
low-income
households,
communities
of
color,
indigenous
populations
and
other
marginalized
communities?
Do
we
know,
and
is
there
the
opportunity
for
a
net
benefit
for
these
historically
marginalized
communities?
Third
budget?
What
does
it
cost
to
implement?
What
about
the
cost
to
administer
any
related
programs
attached
to
the
policy
and
then
the
fourth
metric
implementation
feasibility?
This
is
about
legal
barriers
to
decarbonization.
F
Essentially,
do
we
have
the
authority
in
statute
already,
or
is
this
something
where
we
actually
need
federal
action
to
move
forward
with
implementing
this
particular
option
so
for
each
of
the
17
policies,
the
relevant
climate
working
groups
that
I
mentioned
earlier?
They
applied
this
framework.
They
assessed
the
state
of
the
knowledge
on
the
topic
for
each
issue.
They
dug
into
the
research
and
they
incorporated
the
input
that
we
received
from
the
listening
sessions
and
through
our
stakeholder
engagement
activities.
F
F
F
Let's
take,
for
example,
the
policy
analysis
for
the
transition
from
fossil
fuel
electricity
generation
to
clean
energy
sources
in
this
particular
write-up.
The
team
points
out
that
we
have
two
cold
fire
power
plants
currently
operating
in
the
state,
and
we
have
a
fairly
good
idea
of
what
the
greenhouse
gas
emissions
are
that
are
associated
with
both
those
plants.
However,
we
do
not
have
a
good
idea
of
the
exact
timing
of
the
retirement
of
both
of
those
power
plants.
F
Consequently,
we're
really
not
sure
whether
or
not
these
retirements
could
help
us
meet
our
2025
and
2030
emissions
reduction
targets,
so
the
working
group
team
they
assigned
not
the
dark
green,
but
they
signed
a
green
metro.
A
green,
green
designation
for
this
particular
metric
now.
The
point
here
is
that,
just
because
this
wasn't
assigned
a
dark
green,
this
doesn't
mean
that
a
policy
can't
be
implemented.
F
What
we're
doing
is
we're
highlighting
an
issue
that
needs
attention
in
that
poll
in
the
development
of
a
policy
in
this
particular
case,
we're
pointing
out
that,
if
we're
going
to
use
the
transition
from
coal-fired
generation
to
clean
sources
to
meet
our
near-term
goals,
there
may
need
to
be
guardrails
in
place.
That
would
direct
the
timing
of
those
retirements.
F
So
now,
let's
consider
the
climate
justice
metric
and
in
this
one,
we're
looking
at
the
analysis
of
the
transition
from
residential
and
commercial
use
of
natural
gas.
Now,
in
this
case,
research
clearly
shows
that
the
use
of
indoor
gas
appliances
and
very
specifically
gas
ovens,
can
compromise
indoor
air
quality
and
children
are
actually
particularly
vulnerable
to
this.
Those
children
that
are
living
in
homes
with
gas
stoves
and
gas
ovens
are
42
percent,
more
likely
to
have
asthma
than
children
that
don't,
and
so
this
transition
could
have
very
clear,
positive
health
outcomes.
F
On
the
other
hand,
we
heard
from
nevadans
loud
and
clear,
through
our
stakeholder
engagement,
concerns
about
the
costs
associated
with
replacing
natural
gas
appliances
as
well
as
concerns
about
hey.
I
don't
have
access
to
electricity,
so
I
rely
on
natural
gas.
So
clearly,
there
are
issues
that
require
discussion
and
balance
as
we
need
to.
We
necessarily
must
transition
from
natural
gas
in
order
to
meet
our
net
zero
2050
target.
F
With
the
economic
metric,
we
took
a
slightly
different
approach.
We
actually
looked
at
the
investments
that
other
states
are
making
to
support,
implementation
and
administration
of
similar
policies.
In
other
words,
what
kind
of
appropriations
were
states
making
how
many
ftes
are
necessary?
What
does
it
really
take
in
terms
of
state
investment
to
make
these
policies
happen?
F
In
this
particular
example,
we
show
an
estimate
of
the
number
of
ftes
in
states
that
are
implementing
or
have
implemented
clean
car
standards.
So
this
gives
us
an
idea
of
what
kind
of
investments
might
be
required
to
support
similar
policies
should
they
be
adopted
here
in
nevada
and
then
finally,
implementation
feasibility?
F
I
will
say
that
the
content
for
this
particular
metric
across
all
of
the
policies
was
led
by
the
attorney
general's
office
and
by
faculty
and
students
from
the
unlv
boyd
law
school,
and
the
idea
with
this
metric
is
to
lay
out
a
possible
roadmap
for
implementing
a
policy
in
this
particular
particular
example
related
to
energy
audits.
The
team
laid
out
where
the
authority
to
make
this
this
happen
should
exist
and
provided
a
fairly
clear
path
forward.
F
That,
in
this
case,
would
likely
require
legislation
in
order
to
enact
so,
hopefully,
this
overview
of
our
policy
framework
and
just
walking
through
these
four
metrics.
Hopefully,
this
illustrates
how
this
section
can
help
all
of
you,
this
committee
and
policymakers
really
to
shape
climate
policies
so
that
they'll
work
for
our
state.
F
F
Reconciling
environmental
justice
issues
tackling
climate
change
is
complicated.
It
is
not
straightforward,
I
mean
if
it
was
easy,
we
would
have
solved
it
already,
but
finding
solutions
is
not
necessary,
it's
not
insurmountable.
We
can
do
it.
So
our
approach
to
this
section
was
to
lay
bare
all
of
the
issues
at
play
within
four
key
themes
that
are
focused
on
the
need
for
economy-wide
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
reductions,
transportation,
transformation,
transmission
planning
and
grid
modernization,
urban
planning
and
green
buildings
and
land
use
and
natural
and
working
lands.
F
With
respect
to
climate
adaptation
that
is
dealing
with
the
impacts
of
climate
change,
treating
these
separately
gives
a
distorted
perspective
that
does
not
consider
the
entire
portfolio
of
risk.
So,
for
example,
you
know
most
of
these
big
issues
that
we
just
laid
out
large-scale
mitigation
actions.
F
They
involve
significant
financial
investments
to
retool
or
deploy
new
infrastructure
around
say
you
know:
mass
transit
highways,
new
development
or
anything
of
course
related
to
energy
infrastructure,
but
this
infrastructure
itself
may
be
and
may
be
vulnerable
to
natural
hazards,
which
are,
in
many
cases,
becoming
more
frequent,
more
intense
and
more
unpredictable,
so
to
manage
future
risk
in
planning.
We
must
integrate
the
medium
and
long-term
vulnerabilities
to
infrastructure
that
are
posed
by
an
increasingly
volatile
environmental
conditions.
F
Finally,
in
this
section,
we
can't
pretend
that
a
single
action
is
going
to
solve
climate
change
and
it
won't
just
be
federal
action
alone
or
state
action
that
will
provide
the
solutions.
We
need
to
develop
a
catalog
of
excuse
me,
policies,
programs,
plans
that
are
coordinated
and
harmonized
across
different
levels
of
governance.
Only
then
are
we
going
to
be
able
to
optimize
our
investments
in
climate
action
and
truly
make
sure
that
we
get
to
zero
before
2050.
F
And
this
segways
nicely
into
the
next
section
of
the
strategy,
which
is
focused
on
monitoring
modeling
and
managing
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
My
top
line
summary
of
this
section
is
you
can't
manage
what
you
can't
count
and
so,
of
course,
we're
all
aware
that
end
up
has
its
own
greenhouse
gas
inventory
an
own
platform
for
for
developing
this
inventory.
F
However,
there's
a
relatively
long
list
of
entities
across
the
state
who
are
developing
or
have
already
adopted
their
own
greenhouse
gas
inventory
process
so
similar
to
the
point
that
I
just
described
in
the
complex
challenges
section
about
the
need
to
harmonize
our
policies.
We
also
need
to
coordinate
in
our
accounting
right
now.
F
For
example,
clark
county
could
implement
a
policy,
that's
geared
towards
reducing
greenhouse
gas
emissions
and
it
might
be
captured
in
their
inventory,
but
because
of
the
differences
in
accounting,
modeling
or
even
data
availability
at
the
state
level,
we
might
not
capture
those
reductions
that
are
consequence
of
implementing
that,
given
that
specific
policy-
and
now
this
is
not
a
bean
counting
issue,
this
is
not
just
about
the
state
wanting
to
take
credit
or
anything
for
for
every
action
that
everybody
is
taking.
F
This
is
important
for
projecting
the
impact
of
a
policy
on
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
That
way,
we
can
chart
our
path
forward
across
the
entire
entire
state,
because
it
could
actually
be
the
implementation
of
a
policy
in
clark
county
that
will
help
us
to
best
optimize
our
reductions
and
help
us
meet
our
greenhouse
gas
emissions
reduction
targets.
F
F
So
another
section
of
the
strategy
is
focused
on
lead
by
example,
which
is
the
term
of
art
for
adopting
internal
strategies
across
our
state
agencies
to
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions
and
director
bob
ian
already
alluded
to
this.
But
right
as
we
were
beginning
to
build
the
climate
strategy,
ndot
started
the
process
of
developing
and
implementing
their
own
internal
policies
to
help
them
reduce
their
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
F
Ndot
made
a
significant
contribution
to
the
climate
strategy
in
that
they
documented
their
process
and
the
result
is
a
roadmap
that
any
other
agency
can
pick
up
and
adopt
for
their
own
use
to
develop
their
own
internal
policies
that
will
help
them
to
maximize
their
reductions.
In
excuse
me,
maximize
reductions
in
their
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
F
Next,
the
next
section-
this
is
where
we
address
the
economics
of
climate
action.
Now,
a
few
minutes
ago,
I
described
how,
when
we
analyze
the
individual
climate
policies
that
we
describe,
how
other
states
are
making
investments
bottom
line
is
addressing
climate
change
is
not
a
revenue
neutral
proposition.
It
requires
upfront
investment,
but
it
will
cost
a
lot
more
in
the
long
run.
F
F
The
take
away
from
this
section
nevada
can
and
should
ensure
that
climate
action
is
part
of
the
state's
economic
recovery
resilience
and
job
growth
efforts
and
that
it
really
becomes
hardwired
into
the
state's
economic
development
plans.
This
section
was
really
framed
around
three
pillars.
The
first
and
this
is
to
quote
the
us
climate
assessment.
Climate
change
is
expected
to
cause
substantial
net
damage
to
the
us
economy
between
1980
and
2017.
F
The
massive
rain
and
snow
storms
in
the
west
that
we
just
experienced
51
billion
dollars
over
the
last
40
years,
the
2012
to
2015
drought,
that
cost
us
55.7
billion,
but
we
can
prepare
and
ensure
the
resilience
of
our
economy
and
one
way
that
we
can
do.
This
is
the
focus
of
the
second
pillar.
It's
about
climate-friendly
jobs.
We
have
tremendous
opportunities
in
our
state
to
amplify
job
creation,
be
it
through
clean
energy,
tech,
transportation
or
water
conservation.
F
Nevada
can
demonstrate
how
to
mobilize
climate-friendly
a
climate-friendly
economy
across
many
different
sectors
and
then
finally,
workforce
development,
training
and
education,
our
nsh
institutions
and,
very
specifically,
the
community
colleges.
They
can
support.
Building
a
workforce,
skill
set
for
emerging
industries
and
our
research
institutions
can
contribute
further
through
r
d
and
innovation
that
is
directly
connected
with
the
state's
climate
action
goals.
F
And
this
brings
me
to
the
last
section
of
the
strategy
which
is
about
climate
governance,
and
I
would
argue
that
this
is
probably
the
most
important
section
of
the
strategy.
If
nevada
is
going
to
be
positioned
to
respond
to
climate
change,
a
robust
climate
governance
structure
needs
to
be
established
so
based
on
the
positive
experiences
of
other
states,
as
well
as
insights
from
scientific
research.
There
are
six
guiding
principles
that
should
be
adhered
to
when
developing
a
climate
focused
organizational
structure,
the
first
intergovernmental
and
interagency
coordination.
F
This
is
a
theme
that
is
really
it's.
It's
it's
stitched
throughout
the
entire
strategy.
We
need
to
be
working
together
in
order
to
tackle
the
challenges
of
climate
change,
the
second
stakeholder
in
community
engagement.
We
must
have
people
at
the
table
from
the
start,
and
I
just
have
to
emphasize
very
specifically
that
ensuring
that
our
communities
are
at
the
table
at
the
beginning
of
discussions
is
particularly
important
for
reconciling
environmental
justice
issues.
F
The
third
science-based
climate
assessment,
as
the
science
of
climate
change
evolves,
and
we
learn
more.
Our
risks
and
vulnerabilities
will
also
change.
So
it's
critical
that
decision
makers
are
provided
with
the
best
available
science,
technology
and
engineering
insights.
So
that
way,
this
information
can
be
considered
in
developing
sound
public
policy.
F
Adaptive
governance
with
the
multiple
challenges
posed
by
climate
change
and
the
need
to
quickly
pivot
to
address
emerging,
emerging
issues.
There
can't
be
it
can't
be
bogged
down
in
too
much
bureaucracy.
It
needs
to
be
nimble,
executive
leadership
and
staff,
given
the
multiple
scales
of
coordination
that
are
really
necessary
across
sectors
and
really
transcend
all
governmental
jurisdictions.
F
Dedicated
leadership
with
a
distinct
focus
on
climate
change
should
be
in
place
otherwise
climate
as
a
priority
gets
lost
in
the
shuffle
high
level.
Climate
focused
leadership
is
what's
needed
to
ensure
that
climate
action
sustains
momentum
and
progresses
in
a
timely
manner
and
is
truly
integrated
into
decision
making
and
then
finally
dedicated
resources.
F
So
I'm
going
to
leave
you
with
this
last
slide
that
about
keep
with
which
really
just
summarizes
the
key
takeaways
from
the
strategy.
Climate
change
is
happening,
nevadans
want
action
and
we
can
do
something
about
it
and
this
strategy.
What
we've
done
here
it
is
fairly
sweeping.
There
is
a
lot
of
content
in
here,
but
in
my
professional
opinion,
it's
going
to
take
that
robust
climate,
focused
governance
structure
to
realize
the
tactical
implementation
of
everything
that
we've
laid
out
here
in
the
climate
strategy.
F
This
is
what
we
need
to
ensure
that
that
scaffolding
that
we're
putting
in
place
right
here
really
cements
the
legacy
of
the
state
of
nevada
climate
initiative.
So
thank
you
for
the
opportunity
to
present
and
at
this
point
I'd
like
to
turn
it
back
to
directors,
bob
zee
and
then
crowd
crawl.
F
C
Avert
chair
harris
we're
happy
to
take
questions
now.
This
last
slide
is
just
a
reiteration
of
our
desire
and
intent
to
work
with
you
all
to
design
good
policies
and
please
fire
away.
A
All
right,
it
does
look
like
we
have
some
questions
from
a
few
members,
but
first
I
just
wanted
to
thank
you
all
for
all
of
the
work
that
you
you've
done,
and
your
thorough
presentation
on
that
work
and
let
you
all
know
that
the
senate
committee
stands
as
a
partner
in
reaching
these
lofty
goals.
A
I'll
turn
it
over
to
senator
pickard
for
a
question.
E
Hey
matter
chair,
I
just
have
a
few
questions.
I
mean
I
am
not
one
of
these.
I
think
the
term
is
climate
deniers.
I
mean
it
is
what
it
is.
We
can
observe
it,
and
so
I
think
that
it's
wise
for
us
to
be
looking
at
this.
E
That
is
a
backdrop
I'm
wondering
I
have
kind
of
a
general
question
and
then
a
couple
of
specific
ones.
If
I
may,
madam
chair
first,
if,
if
we
were
to
adopt
all
of
the
recommendations
say
we
were
to
do
that
in
in
the
next.
I
assume
I
don't
know
how
many
bills
are
going
to
put
this
together
but
say
in
the
next
session
or
two
we
were
to
adopt
all
of
the
the
recommendations
can
do.
We
know
how
much
this
will
improve
the
climate
in
nevada.
E
Are
these
things
going
to
accumulate
and
are
they
cumulative
and
substantial
enough
that
we're
going
to
see
a
noticeable
change,
or
are
we
assuming
that
these
are
part
of
a
more
global
effort
and
assume
that
everyone
else
in
the
world
is
doing
the
same
thing
before
we
see
any
measurable
improvements.
C
Senator
pickard,
this
is
brett
krul,
director
of
nevada
department
of
conservation,
natural
resources,
I'll
take
first
shot
at
that,
and
my
colleagues
will
likely
add
on
so.
The
the
strategy
is
not
intended
to
be
a
set
of
recommendations
for
adoption
in
whole.
It's
supposed
to
be
a
roadmap
for
adoption
of
policies
at
the
right
time
to
meet
the
targets
that
are
in
front
of
us
now.
If
you
look
at
the
near-term
challenges,
we
have
in
front
of
us
to
meet
our
2025
goals
and
20-30
goals.
C
We
really
need
to
focus
heavily
on
electrifying
the
transportation
sector
in
improving
the
efficiency
of
our
residential
and
commercial
buildings
and
lowering
industrial
emissions
from
industrial
processes
largely
the
result
of
these
hscs
and
I'm
happy
to
have
greg
lovato,
our
administrator
of
nvp
go
into
those
sectors
more,
if
you'd
like
more
background,
but
in
the
near
term,
the
legislature,
if
we
focus
on
on
those
areas
that
will
allow
us
to
meet
our
near-term
goals,
we
want
to
be
smart
as
we
look
at
our
emissions
profile
to
choose
the
sectors
that
need
need
to
be
addressed.
C
Most
energies,
the
energy
generation
sector
is
going
down
because
the
rps,
whereas
the
transportation
sector,
efficiency,
industrial
emissions,
are,
are
projected
to
continue
to
continue
going
up
under
current
policies.
Contrast
that,
with
things
like
agricultural
missions,
those
are
so
minimal
in
nevada
that
there's
not
a
near-term
need
to
focus
on
those,
and
so
really
this
is
this.
Is
this?
C
The
strategy
is
designed
to
to
identify
those
strategic,
near-term
policies
that
need
to
be
implemented
in
order
to
reach
the
goals,
not
not
necessarily
a
whole
suite
of
things
to
be
done
at
the
same
time
and
durger
bombs
in
the
dark
behavior.
Please
chime
in
if
you'd
like
to
add
to
that.
E
All
right
well
since
they're
not
jumping
in.
Let
me
just
ask
a
broader
question
and-
and
maybe
this
will
help
fill
some
gaps,
but
when
we
talk
about
zero
emissions,
I
was
assuming
we're
not
talking
about
zero
emissions
across
all
different
sectors.
I'm
I'm
thinking
more.
Just
you
know
the
industrial
transportation.
E
I
I
can't
imagine
we
could
ever
get
to
zero
total
emissions,
because
that
would
drive
things
like
agriculture.
Out
of
the
state.
I
mean
it's
impossible
to
get
to
zero
agricultural
emissions
as
long
as
we
have
live
animals
that
we're
dealing
with.
So
when
we
talk
about
zero
emissions,
what
are
we
actually
talking
about?
Is
that
a
true
zero
or
is
that
relative
to
some
standard.
F
So
yes,
kristen
averitt
for
the
record,
so
you
know
kind
of
getting
back
to
your
prior
question.
I'm
sorry!
I
didn't
jump
in
quickly
enough,
but
to
answer
that
as
well
as
this
one
in
terms
of
if
we
were
to
implement
every
single
one
of
those
strategy
or
the
17
policies
that
we
described,
it
would
really
depend
on
how
those
policies
are
actually
designed
that
in
terms
of
what
kind
of
emissions
reduction
would
be
achieved.
F
But
one
thing
we
don't
have
in
this
state
is:
we
don't
have
access
to
all
the
data
that
we
need
to
be
able
to
appropriately
catalog
what
kind
exactly
what
kind
of
emissions
reduction
could
be
achieved
if
we
were
to
implement
all
of
those
policies.
We
just
don't
have
the
data
available
at
this
point
to
do
that.
That
said,
tying
into
your
next
question
about
net
zero
yeah,
it's
it
is
net
zero
and
there
are
opportunities
in
the
sense
that
land
use
practices.
For
example,
you
know
our
forests
and
our
landscape.
F
They
naturally
sequester
or
keep
they
hold
carbon,
and
so
there's
an
opportunity
through
land
use
practices
and
really
partnerships
with
agriculture.
Actually,
to
really
help
to
maintain
that
carbon
there
that
would
offset
perhaps
a
marginal
marginal
carbon
emissions.
F
That
said,
zero
is
zero,
and
what
what's
happening
right
now
is
we
are
adding
carbon
into
the
atmosphere
faster
than
we
can
take
it
out,
and
until
we
get
to
that
point
where,
on
balance
we're
not
pumping
as
much
into
the
atmosphere
as
is
being
taken
out,
we
will
continue
to
realize
the
problematic
impacts
of
climate
change.
So
we
really
globally
have
to
get
two
to
zero
as
soon
as
we
can.
E
Sure,
and-
and
I
appreciate
the
distinction,
because
net
zero
is
very
different
from
true
zero.
We
can't
get
to
true
zero.
We
have
to
kill
all
life
on
the
planet
if
we
get
to
true
zero,
because
anybody
that
breathes
is
expending
or
expelling
carbon
dioxide
right
and
I'm
not
trying.
I
know
that
I'm
being
a
little
extreme
here,
but
that's
the
distinction.
I
wanted
to
make
sure
that
we're
clear,
because
I
think
people
miss
that.
E
E
My
hope
is
that
we're
getting
to
a
point
where
we're
talking
about
all
energy
sources,
because
I
know
when
we
were
talking
about
the
the
portfolio
standards
and
the
2017
session,
which
I
voted
in
favor
of
I
I
think
it
was
important
to
distinguish
at
that
time.
We
weren't
talking
about
hydroelectric,
even
though
it's
a
renewable
source,
because
that
would
skew
the
numbers.
E
We've
got
hoover
dam
in
our
backyard,
providing
us
with
most
of
our
energy
and
so
all
of
a
sudden,
we
automatically
meet
the
standard,
and
I
know
that
that
wasn't
the
intent.
But
when
we
talk
about
this
as
a
well,
I
almost
said
global,
but
as
a
statewide
solution
are
we
going
to
be
looking
at
all
of
the
sources
or
just
the
chosen
select
few
that
we're
focusing
on
and
excluding
things
like
the
existing,
geothermal
and
and
hydroelectric
sources?
But
is
it?
Is
it
all
hands
on
deck?
E
You
know
all
sources
considered,
or
is
this
policy
discussion
about
promoting
certain
others
to
the
exclusion
of
the
existing.
D
Fair
harris-
this
is
david
bobsien
from
the
governor's
office
of
energy
through
you
to
senator
pickard
senator.
This
is
this
is
an
important
question
and
I
think
it
it
really
brings
to
light
that.
You
know
the
initial
purpose
behind
the
renewable
portfolio
standard
and,
of
course,
nevada
was
the
was
the
second
state
to
implement
such
a
policy
going
back.
Many
many
years
was
not
around
ghg
reduction
or
climate
imperatives.
D
It
was
more
the
economic
opportunity
afforded
to
us,
which
is
still
tremendous
and
still
remains
around
our
domestic
renewable
energy
resources.
I
I
think
a
couple
things
to
be
responsive
just
for
your
awareness
of
conversations
that
are
happening.
D
Certainly,
the
dramatic
shift
that
the
legislature
took
last
session
between
sb
254,
the
setting
of
its
ghg
reduction
goals,
were
able
to
already
track
tremendous
ghg
reduction
in
the
electricity
sector
because
of
the
renewable
portfolio
standard
and
the
aggressive
standard
that
we
have,
but
going
forward.
Once
we
get
past
the
50
rps
and
once
we
get
to
more
of
a
a
measurement
of,
can
we
get
to?
You
know
a
totally
clean
grid,
these
questions
of
what
gets
counted
and
how
are
going
to
become
important.
D
I
think
two
things
to
watch
nevada
along
with
a
number
of
other
western
states
and
we're
talking
red
states
and
blue
states,
there's
an
active
regional
conversation
between
energy
offices,
energy
advisors
at
the
state
level,
along
with
utilities,
in
acknowledgement
that
we
have
some
differences
between
the
states
and
also
between
different
utilities
that
have
their
own
sort
of
net
zero
targets
as
to
how
to
harmonize
all
of
those
policies
to
make
sure
to
to
eventually
get
us
to
a
place
where
we
have
a
a
common
understanding
of
what
the
standard
should
be
when
it
comes
to
electricity
generation.
D
I
think
that
this
is
also
going
to
become
a
very
important
conversation
now
that
we're
seeing
federal
interest
in
in
a
clean
energy
standard
of
some
sort,
and
so
you
know,
I
think
nevada
is
in
a
very
good
place
when
it
comes
to
this,
but
yeah
and
looking
ahead
into
the
future.
These
will
be.
These
will
be
important
conversations.
E
All
right,
but
the
question
was:
are
we
going
to
be
counting
the
existing
things
like
hydroelectric
in
this
total
equation,
and
so
I
think
your
answer
was
yes.
It
did.
I
understand
that
correctly
we're
going
to
be
looking
at
the
totality
of
sources.
D
Sure
senator
picker
david
bobsley
for
the
record.
Yes
and
again
it's
it's.
I
I
think
that
happens
outside
of
the
context
of
the
rps
and
how
the
rps
is
calculated,
we're
looking
at
overall
ghg
emissions,
and
so
you
know
hydroelectric
there
may
be.
You
know,
ancillary
services
that
produce
ghg,
but
you're
right
I
mean
it's
reduction
of
ghg
is
reduction
of
ghg,
no
matter
your
preferred
flavor
when
it
comes
to
electricity
generation,.
A
B
Spearman,
thank
you,
madam
chair.
Can
you
still
hear
me
so
a
great
presentation
about
the
future
and
well
exactly
what
we're
doing
now.
I
just
have
a
couple
questions.
The
first
one
would
be
have
we
identified
any
other
resources
for
our
renewable
energy
and
I'm
speaking
specifically
about
hydrogen
fuel
cells
and
geothermal,
and
we
have
we
looked
at
how
we
might
move
into
that
space
eventually,
even
before
2050.
D
Chair
harris
david
bobson
for
the
record
through
you
to
senator
spearman,
two
updates
on
those
two
energy
sources
you
cited.
I
know
you
have
an
interest
in
in
hydrogen.
You
will
be
pleased
to
hear
that
nevada
is
part
of
a
western
hydrogen
initiative
of
different
state
energy
offices
across
the
intermountain
west
that
are
looking
at
green
hydrogen
applications
and
potential.
Whether
it
comes
to
you
know,
long-term
storage
of
renewable
electricity
generation
through
electrolysis,
whether
it's
the
transportation
applications,
it's
a
longer
term
project.
D
But
that
is
something
that
we're
watching
when
it
comes
to
geothermal,
we'll
we'll
be
hearing
some
more
about
this
next
week.
But
there
was
a
a
pretty
major
decision
that
happened
in
front
of
the
california
public
utilities
commission
this
past
week,
where
in
their
planning
portfolios
for
their
resource
plan,
they
had
a
significant
bump
up
in
both
desired
procurement
of
solar
generation
in
southern
nevada,
as
well
as
geothermal
there's.
D
Certainly
a
lot
of
discussion
and
focus
around
the
base
load
aspects
of
geothermal,
particularly
after
some
of
the
black,
as
that
happened
in
the
shortages
that
happened
in
california
last
year.
So
I
I
still
think
that
you
know
we're
just
on
an
upswing
right
now
when
it
comes
to
interest
in
nevada's,
renewable
energy
resources.
B
Thank
you
and
my
final
question,
madam
share
with
your
indulgence.
So
a
lot
of
these
technologies.
If
we
look
back
like
three
years,
if
we
look
back
five
years,
we
look
back
ten
years.
A
lot
of
these
technologies
have
really
taken
off
in
the
last
two
years
and
innovation,
so
my
question
would
be:
are
we
updating
the
information
that
you
presented
to
us
and,
if
so,
how?
How
often
and
within
that
question
would
be?
B
If
we're
talking
about
hydrogen
fuel
cells,
we're
talking
about
infrastructure,
has
there
been
any
thought
given
to
using
existing
infrastructure
gas
infrastructure
as
we
begin
to
incorporate
hydrogen
fuel
cells
into
our
energy
mix?.
D
Sure
harris
david
bobson
for
the
record
through
you
to
senator
spearman
I'll,
take
the
first
I'll
take
the
second
part
of
your
question
and
then
I'll
probably
turn
it
over
to
director
kroll
to
come
in
as
backup
that
infrastructure
question
is
front
and
center
to
this
multi-state
coalition.
You
know
what
is
the
future
of
of
infrastructure
in
in
the
gas
sector?
Can
there
be
an
application
of
green
hydrogen
that
can
use
that
infrastructure
for
mobility?
D
It's
a
little
more
complicated
than
just
you
know,
starting
to
transition
with
the
existing
infrastructure.
There's
technological
issues
that
still
need
to
be
worked
out.
I
think
at
this
point
it's
fair
to
say
that
you
know
we've
started
the
conversation,
but
we
have
a
long
way
to
go,
but
that
is
a
long-term
focus
is,
is
how
can,
across
the
west,
green
hydrogen
take
on
a
a
larger
role
in
our
in
our
energy
mix
in
our
clean
energy
mix,.
C
And
chair
hairs
to
senator
spearman,
I'm
gonna,
let
greg
lovato,
take
the
first
part
of
that
question
great.
Thank
you.
Senator
spearman
greg
lavato
ndp
administrator.
C
So
I
think
you
raise
a
good
point
about
you
know
evolving
technology
and
how
we
can
appropriately
capture
that
in
the
future,
to
make
sure
that
our
projections
of
emissions
reductions
accurately
reflect
advances
in
technology.
Unfortunately,
that
is
one
limitation
of
our
inventory
right
now.
It
has
some
static
assumptions
about
policies
as
well.
C
You
know
current
policies
as
well
as
technology,
but
there
are
available
models
and
platforms
that
you
know
a
learning
capacity
and
a
technology
improvement
capacity
that
we
can,
you
know,
take
account
for
in
terms
of
future
ghg
reduction
emission
emission
reduction
opportunities.
So
that
is
something
that
we'd
like
to
expand
our
capability
on,
not
only
to
examine
you
know
comparative
benefits
of
different
policies,
but
also
within
existing
policies.
How
we
can
you
know
fully
realize
or
recognize
technology
improvements.
B
A
And
I'll,
just
as
we
answer,
questions
go
ahead
and
let
everyone
know
it's
perfectly
fine
to
address
the
sanders
directly,
we'll
turn
to
senator
hammond.
G
Thank
you
chair.
I
quick
question.
Actually
I
think
I
have
two
questions
and
maybe
a
follow-up
to
the
first
one.
You
know
I've
had
several
conversations
with
my
good
friend
senator
gwykochia,
who
represents
most
of
the
rural
areas
and,
of
course,
the
rural
areas
they
have
their
set
of
challenges,
but
before
I
get
into
it
actually
I
should
step
back
just
a
second
and
say.
Thank
you
very
much
for
the
presentation.
G
Thank
you
for
the
information.
You
know
I,
as
a
you
know,
young
child
of
the
70s
and
80s.
You
know
I
grew
up
in
the
the
gas
shortages
and
all
the
you
know,
the
the
energy
crisis
that
we
went
through
and
I
think
that
we've
we've
we're
well
overdue
for
trying
to
change
how
we
do
things
in
this
country
and
getting
off
of
fossil
fuels.
I'm
also
one
who's
a
little
bit
more.
You
know
trying
to
figure
out.
How
do
you
do
it
and
how
do
you
do
it?
G
You
know
fast
enough,
but
not
too
fast,
that
you're
hurting
those
that
you're
trying
to
help
and
to
that
point
I'm
going
to
get
back
to
senator
gwen
the
conversation.
I
had
with
him
you
know
the
ruler
is
dependent
on
some
of
these
coal-fired
plants
that
were
mentioned
by
mrs
just
you
know
not
even
knowing
when
we're
gonna,
be
decommissioning
them
and
slowing
them
down.
A
lot
of
rulers
have
since
got
on
to
natural
gas
trying
to
wean
themselves
off,
but
they're.
G
Just
you
know,
starting
off
with
natural
gas.
This
ambitious
plan
is
talking
about
the
elimination
of
natural
gas,
as
we
try
to
get
that
at
net
zero
has
there
been,
and
I
think
I'm
going
to
be
getting
to
senator
pickard's
question
actually
and
that
is.
Has
there
been
a
cost-benefit
analysis
done
with
all
of
these?
You
know
really
large
policy
programs
that
you're
talking
about
specifically
natural
gas
in
trying
to
figure
out.
G
You
know
how
do
we
get
away
from
them
and
also
the
other
big
policy
one
was
trying
to
you
know:
reduce
the
fossil
fuels
and
creating
and
generating
electricity
I'll.
Let
you
go
ahead
and
answer
that
and
then
I'll
probably
have
a
follow-up
and
then
one
more
question.
F
So
kristen
avert
for
the
record.
Thank
you
for
the
question.
Senator
hammond,
so
with
respect
to
cost
benefit
analysis.
The
way
that
we
approach
the
strategy
is
we
we
did
lay
out
what
other
states,
what
it's
costing
other
states
and
what
investments
they're
making
to
implement
those
specific
17
policies
for
kind
of
as
a
as
a
comparison.
F
But
then
we
also
laid
out
what
the
avoided
costs
would
be
in
the
future,
using
the
social
cost
of
carbon
and
those.
I
want
to
emphasize
that
social
cost
of
carbon
component,
because
it's
not
just
about
what's
happening
to
the
market.
It
is
about
public
health
and
it
is
about
morbidity
and
mortality
within
the
population.
So
you
know
there
are
very
real
data
behind
some
of
this
in
terms
of
that
cost
benefit
component,
and
we
do
know
that
the
impacts
of
climate
change.
F
You
know
what
we
experienced
with
wildfires
and
air
quality
just
this
last
summer
that
that's
pretty
much
what
we're
going
to
be
looking
at
with
the
baseline
future
moving
forward
and
it
could
get
worse.
And
so
those
are
the
kind
of
things
that
we
need
to
be
thinking
about.
In
terms
of
what
investments
we
make
now
and
what
happens
in
the
future,
but
very
specific
cost
benefit
analysis.
No,
we
didn't.
We
didn't
do
that.
We
didn't
have
the
the
opportunity
to
do
that.
I
think
I
think
I
answered
the
question.
D
Yeah
thank
thank
you,
dr
avery,
david
bobsy.
For
the
record
senator
I
mean
you're
absolutely
right
about
the
complexity
of
of
what's
ahead
of
us
when
it
comes
to
our
energy
mix
and
the
reliance
on
energy
that
different
communities
have
across
nevada.
I
think
it's
important
to
note
that
the
the
economic
discussions
and
analysis
that
go
into
energy
governance
right
now
are
are
well
established.
D
I
mean
certainly
the
public
utilities
commission
in
nevada,
as
they
go
through
their
receive
their
filings
and
do
the
resource
planning
behind
our
electricity
mix.
D
These
cost
questions
are
obviously
front
and
center
to
how
they
do
that
and,
of
course,
of
the
two
power
plants,
the
coal
power
plants
that
were
mentioned,
one
of
them,
you
know
balmy,
is
subject
to
that
whole
process,
and
so
that's
the
venue
for
determining
you
know
the
the
the
cost
of
the
asset,
its
continued
operation,
when
is
the
optimal
time
for
its
retirement,
etc,
etc.
D
And
so
there
is
a
section
that
I
think
if
if,
if
no
one
reads
anything
else
in
in
the
climate
strategy
spending
time
with
the
cl,
the
complex
issues
section
of
the
doc
of
the
document
is
probably
the
most
important.
We
have
a
whole
section
on
the
need
for
a
transition
from
national
net
natural
gas.
We
don't,
we
don't
use
the
term
elimination
we're
not
talking
about.
You
know
ripping
up
people's
gas
lines.
D
What
we're
talking
about
is
this
long-term
transition
in
focus
and
in
fact
there
is
discussion
of
you
know
what
should
be
considered
in
terms
of
how
do
you
do
the
analysis?
The
cost
benefit
analysis
to
determine
you
know
the
the
future
of
the
assets,
the
future
investments
that
may
or
may
not
be
taken
to
get
us
to
that
point
all
while
having
the
sensitivities
for
ratepayers
across
the
state.
D
So
I
I
hope,
that's
a
little
clearer
of
a
of
a
response
in
terms
of
the
energy
mix,
questions
that
I
think
you're
you're,
you're,
very
right
to
focus
on.
G
And
yes-
and
I
do
appreciate
the
answer
because
I
think
it
you
know
we
have
to
have
that
discussion.
We
need
to
know
what
you're
thinking
in
in
terms
of
how
the
conversion
happens
and
and
who's
going
to
be
paying.
Because
you
know
one
of
the
you
know.
One
of
the
the
tenants
of
your
plan
is
really
about
the
social,
the
the
climate
justice
portion
of
it.
G
G
You
know
of
people
in
a
different
population
of
that
of
that
sort
of
subset,
and
I
think
I
think
that
everybody
needs
to
know
what
the
cost
is
going
to
be,
or
at
least
as
as
close
to
an
approximation
of
what
that
cost
might
be,
because
you
know
the
typical
ratepayer
or
the
typical
customer
out
there
eventually
they're
going
to
have
to,
for
example,
convert
you
know
their
appliances.
G
You
know
my
wife
and
I
just
bought
a
new
dryer
friday
and
I
think
it's
a
gas
dryer
and
eventually
in
the
next
so
many
years
in
order
to
meet
those
goals
that
we
have
we're
going
to
have
to
convert
that
appliance
from
natural
gas
to
electricity.
I
mean:
have
you
considered
that?
Have
you
have
you
been
able
to
publish
out
to
folks?
This
is
what
we're
talking
about
as
we
transition
as
you
put
it
transition
from
this
to
that,
because
again,
I
think
the
goals
are
admirable
and
I
think
we
need
to
get
there.
G
D
Yeah,
no,
absolutely
senator,
I
I
I
think
it's
important
again,
david
bobson,
for
the
record.
I
think
it's
important
again
that
we
reiterate
that
the
strategy
was
not
intended
to
be
a
list
of
bdrs
that
you
just
plug
into
a
session
and
away
you
go
and
you've
solved
the
climate
problem.
We
know
that
this
is
a
long-term
discussion.
We
know
that
this
is
gonna,
require
more
information
and-
and
I
think
policymakers
in
particular
are
are
in
a
a
complex
environment
right
now,
where
they're
trying
to
figure
out
okay.
D
When
do
I
have
enough
information
to
direct
action
on
these
various
fronts,
and
I
would
say
particularly
on
the
on
the
gas
side
of
it,
we
have
available
to
us
policy
makers
have
available
to
them.
You
know
existing
models
and
analytical
frameworks
for
making
these
sorts
of
long-term
decisions
right.
D
So
if
it's,
the
public
utilities,
commission
and
the
electricity
sector
is
directed
to
meet
some
policy
goals,
you
know
they
have
the
analytics
the
tools,
the
understanding
of
the
economics,
the
understanding
on
on
customers
and
and
the
rape
base
as
to
how
and
when
to
time
those
various
milestones
along
the
transition.
So
you
know
all
these
questions
of
of
you
know:
replacement
of
appliances,
future
infrastructure
development.
You
know,
I
don't
think
you're
going
to
get
a
okay,
here's
the
complete.
You
know
next
20-year
plan
legislature.
What
do
you
think?
D
Can
you
endorse
this
or
not?
I
think
it's
steps
to
take
along
the
way
and
you
you
task
the
the
public
utilities,
commission
and
others
to
figure
out
the
details
for
it
and
the
opportunity
here
is
to
start
the
transition
and
and
start
to
to
put
in
place
the
guiding
policies
to
get
us
there,
because
you
know
you're
absolutely
right.
I
mean
all
these
things
are
very
complicated,
but
there
are
also,
you
know,
regrets
if
you
don't
start
soon
enough
or
if
you
make
additional
decisions
or
investments
along
the
way.
D
You
may
find
yourself
in
a
in
a
more
difficult
position
later
on
to
make
up
make
up
the
distance
that
you
need
to
cover.
C
Madam
chair,
if
I
may
or
said
on
hammond,
if
I
may
just
very
briefly
add
on
to
that
and
speak
a
little
bit
more,
just
direct
to
you
and
bradford
for
the
record
for
our
near-term
goals,
particularly
2025,
but
also
for
2030.
C
If
we're
able
to
transition
away
from
adding
to
our
our
use
of
natural
gas,
we're
not
talking
about
taking
it
away
from
anyone
or
transitioning
away,
but
in
new
construction,
providing
those
options
for
folks
if
we're
able
to
start
transitioning
effectively
away
from
adding
new
natural
gas
in
a
in
a
you
know,
in
a
sensitive
way
for
the
gas
companies
and
consumers
we'll
get
to
those
goals
in
the
in
the
near
term.
C
In
the
five
and
ten
year
range
beyond
that,
there
is
a
transition
for
existing,
that's
going
to
have
to
start
to
come
into
play,
but
in
the
near
term,
we're
really
talking
about
moving
away
from
expanding
those.
The
use
of
gas
and
energy
inputs
that
have
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
G
Well,
thank
you
very
much.
I
think
that
answers
everything
I
think
if
there's
any
other
questions
I'll
take
those
offline,
like
you
know,
if
you're
not
using
razors
or
shaving
cream.
If
that
actually
helps
save,
you
know
greenhouse
gas
that
I
I'll
find
that
out
from
director
bob's
you
when
I
talk
to
him.
H
H
Well,
first
of
all,
what
what
ndep
has
done,
what
the
governor's
office
of
energy
has
done
and
what
dr
abram
has
done
is
is
better
than
I
possibly
could
have
imagined
were
the
outcomes
that
we
were
looking
for
when
I
was
sitting
here
drafting
the
bill
that
you
know
kind
of
envisioned
a
lot
of
this
two
and
a
half
years
ago,
and
so
it's
just
the
the
work
that's
been
done
by
the
state
of
nevada
and
all
the
agencies
and
all
the
folks
I
just
listed
and
the
endless
amount
of
hours
put
in
is
just
a.
H
Well,
that's
a
completely
logical
question
to
ask:
that's
one
that
we
should
all
be
concerned
with
and
and
what
this
this
climate
plan
has
done
has
created
the
steps
that
need
to
happen,
and
then
we,
as
legislators
and
policy
makers,
get
to
decide
when
we
implement
the
steps
to
get
us
there
based
on
the
most
cost,
effective
ways
of
doing
it.
H
If
you
would
have,
if,
if
I
would
have
proposed
a
50
rps
10
years
ago,
not
only
would
I
have
been
laughed
out
of
this
building
if
it
would
have
tripled
your
power
bill
now
doing
it.
Today,
we
have
by
doubling
our
rps
in
the
last
session,
now
we're
seeing
that
it's
not
only
doable
it
is.
It
is
saving
us
money.
H
We
we've
reduced
our
power,
the
cost
of
electricity
in
the
state
of
nevada
every
year
for
five
years,
while
we've
increased
drastically
the
amount
of
renewables
we've
brought
on
every
year
for
five
years,
and
so
this
gives
us
a
menu
of
items
that
we
can
choose
from,
and
then
we
can
collectively
and
work
with
industry
pick
the
items
that
we
need
at
the
times
that
we
need
to
do
them,
and
you
know
as
an
example,
if
we
made
a
two
billion
dollar
investment
and
transmission
in
the
state
of
nevada,
we
would
see
that
we
recovered
over
50
years.
H
We
would
see
a
minimum
10
billion
dollars
of
economic
activity
that
in
in
just
five
years
and
so
these,
and
that
is
all
to
help
us
lower
our
carbon
emissions.
So
those
are
the
kinds
of
decisions
and
the
electrification
of
transportation.
You've.
Given
us
all
these
policy
options,
we
can
choose
from,
you
did
not
mandate,
we
do
any
of
them,
and,
and
now
we
can,
we
can
pick
and
choose
them
as
we're
trying
to
reduce
our
carbon
but
increase
the
economic
diversification
of
our
state
and
and
without
displacing
jobs
that
currently
exist.
H
And
so
this
is
this
is
everything
we
I
could
have
dreamed
of
and
more
and
you
guys
have
done
it
just.
But
all
of
you
folks
have
done
an
amazing
job,
and
it
gives
me
and
the
rest
of
the
senators
on
this
committee
and
everybody
in
the
legislature.
It
gives
us
some
stuff.
H
Zero
carbon
energy
of
any
sort,
including
hydro,
is
part
of
the
the
current
rps
and,
and
that
is
because
we're
moving
towards
a
a
zero
carbon
type
of
energy,
as
opposed
to
incentivizing,
encouraging
a
particular
type
of
energy,
and
so
we
get
very
little
of
our
energy
in
the
state
of
nevada
from
from
hoover
dam.
Believe
it
or
not.
But
all
of
that
we
do
get
goes
towards
that.
H
A
Okay,
do
we
have
any
additional
questions
from
members.
A
Not
seeing
any
so
I
will
let
you
all
go
and
again.
Thank
you.
So
much
for
the
thorough
presentation,
please
be
sure
to
follow
up
with
members
who
expressed
that
they'd,
like
some
additional
information,
we
will
go
ahead
now
and
turn
to
the
next
item
on
our
agenda,
which
is
a
work
session
on
sb17,
which
revises
provisions
governing
motor
vehicles.
I'll
turn
it
over
to
our
policy
analyst.
Ms,
a
short
reminder
of
what
that
bill
was
about.
A
Thank
you,
chair
harris
senate
bill.
17
was
heard
by
this
committee
on
february
8
that
was
presented
by
the
department
of
motor
vehicles.
You'll
recall
that
this
bill
primarily
addressed
driving
schools
and
updated
statutes
by
removing
the
requirement
that
driving
schools
have
a
physical
bricks
and
mortar
office.
A
It
also
required
and
clarified
the
production
of
records
upon
the
request
of
the
department
of
motor
vehicles
and
it
set
three
years
as
the
retention
period
for
records.
The
measure
also
granted
dmv
some
discretionary
authority
to
renew
instruction
permits
under
certain
circumstances,
there
were
no
amendments
proposed
and
there
was
no
fiscal
impact
of
this
bill.
A
A
A
Motion:
okay,
since
we're
in
this
virtual
world,
we
will
be
doing
our
votes
by
roll
call
secretary.
Will
you
please
call
the
roll
on
this
vote.
B
A
A
This
bill
involved
entering
into
contracts
appointing
persons
to
act
as
agents
of
the
dmv
for
the
purpose
of
issuing
salvage
titles
and
also
the
collection
of
the
required
statutory
fees.
The
bill
sets
forth
the
qualifications
and
also
gave
the
department
the
authority
to
conduct
audits
and
investigations
as
it
deems
necessary.
There
were
no
amendments
proposed.
This
bill
will
require
a
two-thirds
vote
on
the
senate
floor.
Two
fiscal
notes
were
received
from
the
dmv
and
the
department
of
public
safety,
both
of
which
showed
zero
impact
over
the
biennium.
A
A
Okay,
let's
just
note
for
the
record
these
both
actually,
I
should
have
clarified
our
motions
for
due
pass,
so
we
have
a
motion
from
senator
spearman
and
a
second
from
senator
hammond,
and
it
looks
like
we're
to
have
some
discussion
on
it.
Senator
hammond.
G
Actually,
I
I
don't
want
to
redo
the
whole
bill.
I
just
had
a
real,
quick
question
and
maybe
legal
counsel
committee
counsel
can
it
can
answer
this?
Was
I'm
trying
to
find
the
right
section,
two
subsection,
three
c
after
re-reading
that
in
the
the
the
text
there
I
just
want
to
see
if
that's
sort
of
boilerplate,
I
think
that
probably
exists
somewhere
else
in
statute
where
we're
actually
authorizing
somebody
from
our
state
to
go
out
there.
G
If
there's
an
office,
I
would
anticipate
that
we're
talking
about
maybe
co-part
or
something
like
that.
They
may
have
a
national
office
somewhere
else
that
if
you
have
to
go,
investigate
or
take
a
look
at
it,
that's
kind
of
boilerplate.
I
just
want
I'd
never
seen
that
before.
I
guess
I'd
never
noticed
it.
I
just
wanted
to
see
if
that
was
my
interpretation
as
a
spoiler
plate.
A
G
A
And
if
you'll
just
follow
up
with
senator
hammond
with
that
research,
once
you
have
it
available,
that
would
be
much
appreciated.
All
right
so
looks
like
we
have
a
motion
on
the
floor.
E
I'm
sure
I
have
a
quick
question,
if
I
may
sure,
and
and
it's
so
actually
something
that
senator
hammond
just
kind
of
spurred
my
own
mind.
We
talked
about
other
agents
partnering
with
the
department
to
accomplish
this
sort
of
thing
do
we
have
to,
and
this
is
probably
a
question
for
miss
o'brady
that
can
be
taken
offline
as
well.
B
A
E
All
right,
madam
chair,
I
don't
know
if
we
have
another
bill
coming
up.
That
would
give
us
a
vehicle
to
do
this,
but
we
might
consider
an
amendment
to
give
them
kind
of
blanket
authority
to
do
that,
but
I'm
not
recommending
that
I'm
not
proposing
that.
A
All
right,
thank
you.
So
much
will
the
secretary
go
ahead
and
call
the
roll
call
for
roll
call
vote
on
this
motion
to
do
pass.
G
E
A
I
I
I
I
J
Good
afternoon
my
name
is
jessica.
Ferrado
j-e-s-f-I-c-a
f
is
in
frank
e-r-r-a-t-s
and
tom,
oh
of
crowley
and
frato
public
affairs
and
today,
on
behalf
of
advanced
energy
economy.
Awe
is
an
industry
association
comprised
of
businesses
dedicated
to
making
the
energy
we
use,
secure,
clean
and
affordable.
We
represent
over
a
hundred
companies
that
include
technologies
such
as
energy
efficiency,
demand
response,
solar,
wind
storage,
electric
vehicles,
advanced
metering,
infrastructure,
transmission
and
distribution
equipment,
geothermal
hydropower,
enabling
software
among
others,
used
together.
J
These
technologies
and
services
create
and
maintain
a
higher
performing
energy
and
transportation
system,
one
that
is
reliable
and
resilient
and
diverse
and
cost
effective,
while
also
improving
the
availability
and
quality
of
customer
facing
services.
Aw
also
represents
large
electricity
consumers
interested
in
increasing
their
purchases
of
affordable,
clean
energy
to
power
their
operations
in
the
state.
I
first
want
to
applaud
the
governor
and
his
administration
and
senator
brooks
for
the
ambitious
undertaking
that
was
the
state
climate
strategy.
J
The
strategy
identifies
many
critical
policy
priorities
necessary
to
achieve
nevada's
emissions
reduction
goals.
A
double
e
is
particularly
glad
to
see
such
an
emphasis
in
the
report
on
building
and
transportation,
electrification
and
regional
power
sector
cooperation
that
will
help
nevada
reduce
emissions
while
maintaining
reliability
and
low-cost
electricity.
J
They
stand
by
stand,
ready
to
invest
and
ready
to
help.
You
shape
these
policies
to
ensure
maximum
economic,
economic
benefits
from
the
clean
energy
transition.
These
benefits
aren't
just
theoretical
we've
seen
strong
growth
from
these
sectors
in
the
past
and
fully
expect
them
to
drive
economic
recovery
and
diversification
over
the
next
few
years
and
decades
to
come.
The
climate
strategy
policies
allow
nevada
to
get
ahead
of
the
curve
and
reach
the
economic
job,
economic
and
job
benefits
sooner
than
later.
Thank
you
for
your
time.
Thank
you
to
the
governor's
office
and
administrative
staff.
J
J
I
K
Thank
you,
madam
chair
and
members
of
the
committee
for
the
record.
My
name
is
christy
cabrera
c-h-r-I-s-t-I
c-a-b-r-e-r-a.
I
am
the
policy
and
advocacy
director
for
the
nevada
conservation
league.
First
of
all,
I
just
want
to
thank
the
nevada
climate
team.
K
Ncl
was
able
to
participate
in
their
listening
sessions
and
we
were
really
excited
to
see
the
climate
strategy
come
out
in
december.
Nevada's
climate
strategy
makes
it
clear
that,
in
order
to
meet
our
strong
climate
goals,
we
need
to
electrify
transportation,
move
away
from
methane
gas
and
other
fossil
fuels
and
invest
in
green
jobs.
Nevada
has
a
lot
to
be
proud
of
in
our
work
to
move
towards
a
clean
energy
future,
but
we
can't
slow
down
now
as
home
to
some
of
the
fastest
warming
cities
in
the
united
states.
K
K
82
percent
of
nevada
voters
believe
that
climate
change
is
a
serious
problem
and
67
percent
believe
it
is
already
having
a
serious
impact
on
this
part
of
the
country.
Nearly
65
support
lawmakers,
taking
strong
action
to
combat
climate
change
and
believe
that
taking
action
will
have
positive
effects
on
our
families,
our
climate
and
weather,
and
the
economy.
K
Nevada
has
made
strides
to
become
a
cleaner
and
greener
state,
but
we
are
still
not
on
track
to
meet
our
climate
goals
and
there
is
still
plenty
of
work
to
be
done.
We
look
forward
to
continuing
working
with
the
nevada,
client,
climate
initiative
team
and
the
legislature
to
find
solutions
to
this
crisis.
Thank
you
for
your
time.
I
I
I
L
Emily
duff
e-m-I-l-y
diaz
and
david:
u
s
and
frank
s
and
frank
hi
members
of
the
committee.
My
name
is
emily
duff
and
I'm
a
manager
of
state
policy
with
ceres
sirius
runs
the
bicep
network,
which
is
a
coalition
of
nearly
70
major
employers
leading
consumer
brands
and
fortune
500s,
including
many
with
operations
in
nevada.
Our
members
recognize
that
climate
change
poses
a
significant
risk
to
the
long-term
economic
success
of
the
business
community
because
of
these
risks,
companies
in
nevada
and
nationwide
are
making
significant
commitments
to
reduce
their
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
L
In
fact,
more
than
a
thousand
companies
have
set
comprehensive,
science-based
targets
to
reduce
their
emissions,
and
approximately
200
of
them
are
headquartered
in
the
us.
However,
businesses
are
often
constrained
in
how
much
they
can
do
to
drive
down
their
total
carbon
footprint.
Therefore,
they
have
a
significant
interest
in
finding
ways
to
systematically
improve
the
emissions
performance
of
the
overall
economy.
L
Accordingly,
there
is
an
increasing
need
to
adopt
strong,
comprehensive
public
policies
that
send
clear
long-term
economic
signals
for
addressing
the
risk
that
climate
change
creates.
Today,
I'm
speaking
to
express
our
deep
appreciation
to
governor
sislek
and
his
administration
for
their
time
and
effort
in
developing
the
state
climate
strategy
and
to
senator
brooks
for
his
leadership
in
the
passage
of
fb
254
in
2019..
L
The
81st
legislative
session
provides
an
opportunity
to
put
this
comprehensive
framework
into
action
and,
among
other
priorities,
tackle
nevada's
largest
source
of
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
The
transportation
sector,
during
a
time
of
unprecedented
health
and
economic
crises,
policies
that
accelerate
the
transition
to
low
emission
in
zero
emission
vehicles
present
an
opportunity
to
create
financial
savings
for
consumers
and
businesses,
cut
health
costs
by
reducing
smog,
forming
emissions
and
support
economic
development.
We
look
forward
to
working
with
you
this
session
to
adopt
policy
solutions
that
provide
significant
economic
and
public
health
benefits
to
all
nevadans.
Thank
you.
I
A
Okay,
great,
I
believe
that
will
conclude
the
committee's
business
before
we
adjourn.
Are
there
any
comments
from
members.