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A
Good
afternoon,
everyone
want
to
welcome
you
to
today's
meeting
of
the
senate
committee
on
legislative
operations
and
elections.
Madam
secretary,
we
do
have
a
quorum
present.
Please
mark
majority
leader
canazar
present
when
she
arrives
and
please
mark
senator
sivers
cancer
present
are
absent
excused.
A
I
will
skip
the
housekeeping
notes
as
we've.
You
know
gone
over
them
very
often.
If
anyone
has
any
questions,
they
can
feel
free
to
call
my
office
or
the
committee
staff,
and
we
will
take
things
a
little
out
of
order.
Today.
Assemblyman
cohen,
has
to
run
very
soon
to
go
chair
a
committee
over
in
the
assembly,
so
we're
going
to
take
assembly
bill
121.
B
Sorry
about
that
chair,
I
forgot
about
housekeeping
leslie
cohen
assembly
district
29.
Thank
you,
chair
and
committee
for
hearing
assembly
bill
121.,
I'm
going
to
give
you
some
background
before
we
go
through
the
bill.
B
Voting
is
both
a
right
and
a
responsibility,
and
I
believe
that
every
eligible
voter
should
have
the
ability
to
participate
in
elections
and
make
their
opinions
and
choices
known.
This
includes
every
person
with
a
disability
according
to
the
centers
for
disease
control
and
prevention,
26.8
percent
of
adults
in
nevada
have
some
type
of
disability.
B
Primarily,
the
measure
allows
a
person
with
a
disability
to
use
the
effective
absentee
system
for
elections
or
ease
to
register
and
vote.
The
program
was
established
to
allow
uniform
military
and
overseas
nevadans
to
vote
to
register
request.
A
ballot
and
vote
and
entirely
online
using
a
digital
electronic
signature
so
for
the
bill
summary
on
just
a
few
highlights,
the
measure
includes
a
lot
of
conforming
language,
but
the
bill
itself
is
really
quite
simple
assembly.
B
The
measure
requires
the
system
of
approved
electronic
transmission
to
allow
such
an
elector
or
registered
voter
to
provide
his
or
her
digital
or
electronic
signature
or
on
any
document
or
other
material.
That
is
necessary
for
the
elector
to
register,
to
vote
or
for
the
registered
voter
to
apply
for
and
cast
an
absent
ballot.
B
And
that's
so.
This
is
oh
sorry.
I
forgot
to
say
this
is
section
one
so
and
then
also
in
section
one.
The
secretary
of
state
is
required
to
establish
procedures
to
be
used
by
local
elections.
Officials
in
accepting
handling
and
counting
absent
ballots
received
from
a
registered
voter
with
a
disability
using
ease,
and
one
thing
to
keep
in
mind-
is
that
the
secretary
of
state's
office
has
a
program
already
to
allow
disabled.
B
B
A
yu
akava
covered
voter
is
a
uniformed
service
voter,
an
overseas
voter
or
a
spouse,
or
dependent
of
a
uniform
service
voter
and
pursuant
to
statute.
Right
now,
the
secretary
of
state
is
required
to
make
available
to
covered
voters
under
yuakawa
information
regarding
voter
registration
procedures
for
covered
voters
and
procedures
for
casting
military
overs
overseas
ballots.
B
Additionally,
the
secretary
of
state
is
required
to
establish
a
system
of
approved
electronic
transmission
through
which
a
covered
voter
may
provide
his
or
her
digital
signature
or
electronic
signature
on
any
document
or
other
material.
That
is
necessary
for
the
covered
voter
to
register,
to
vote,
apply
for
a
military
overseas
ballot
or
cast
a
military
overseas
ballot.
B
So
currently,
the
iwakawa
application
to
register
to
vote
and
a
ballot
are
timely,
if
received
by
the
seventh
day
before
the
election.
B
With
regard
to
voter
registration,
if
received
after
the
seventh
day
before
the
election,
it's
treated
as
an
application
to
register
for
a
subsequent
election.
So
to
make
sure
all
voters
have
the
same
access.
What
ab121
also
proposes
is
that
ease
and
the
yuakawa
provisions
in
nevada
law
be
revised
to
align
with
the
same
day,
voter
registration
deadline
provided
to
other
voters
in
nevada.
B
So
with
us
today
on
zoom
is
mark
velashan,
who's,
deputy
secretary
of
state
for
elections
of
the
office
of
secretary
of
state,
and
mr
velashan
is
available
to
answer
any
technical
questions
that
you
might
have
about
ease
implementation
of
the
bill.
That
type
of
thing
and
mr
falashan
will
also
take
us
through
a
demonstration
of
ease,
and
additionally
mr
falashan
is
here
to
express
the
secretary
of
state's
support
of
for
the
bill.
After
that,
we
have
testimony
from
some
co-presenters
on
the
zoom.
B
We
have
santa
perez,
who
is
president
emeritus
of
people?
First
nevada,
a
member
of
the
nevada,
governor's
council
on
developmental
disabilities,
and
I
actually
think
you're
the
president
now
and
santa
I
believe,
you're
the
president
now
so,
and
then
also
a
member
of
the
advisory
committee
on
increasing
competitive,
integrated
employment
for
individuals
with
disabilities.
B
Although
she's
not
representing
her
using
her
role
and
representing
them
as
she
testifies
today
and
further
with
us
here
at
the
in
carson
city
and
at
the
table
is
dora
uel
martinez,
representing
the
nevada
disability,
peer
action
coalition.
B
B
C
Thank
you
good
afternoon,
good
afternoon,
sharon
shaw
members
of
the
committee
mark
velasco
deputy
secretary
of
state
for
elections
for
the
record
chapter
293
d
of
nrs.
Title
24
identifies
the
duties
of
the
secretary
of
state
and
clerks
as
they
relate
to
the
uniform
military
and
overseas,
absentee
voters
act
or
you
acaba.
It
includes
provisions
that
govern
the
distribution
of
ballots
and
balloting
materials,
to
cover
voters
by
a
variety
of
means,
including
through
a
system
of
approved
electronics
transmission
that
is
established
by
the
secretary
of
state.
C
The
effective
absentee
system
for
elections
or
ease
was
first
created
in
2014.
It
has
been
used
by
members
of
the
military
and
overseas
citizens
with
much
success.
Since
then,
covered
voters
are
able
to
register
to
vote,
request
the
ballot
and
receive
elections
documents.
It
does
not
allow
voters
to
vote
online,
but
instead
enables
them
to
send
a
verified
document
back
to
their
county
clerk
or
registrar,
indicating
for
whom
they
wish
to
cast
the
ballot.
C
Since
it's
it's
since
its
inception,
three
thousand
seven
hundred
and
seventy
two
minutes
have
used
the
system
successfully
with
one
thousand
two
hundred
and
seventy
three
alone
using
it.
During
the
2020
general
election
in
april
of
2020,
the
system
was
modified
so
that
eligible
nevada
voters
with
disabilities
were
able
to
use
it
as
well.
93
individuals
with
disabilities
used
this
system
successfully
during
the
2020
general
election.
I
have
reviewed
and
discussed
assembly
bill
121
with
assemblywoman
cohen.
The
office
of
the
secretary
of
state
is
in
support
of
this
bill
over
the
next
few
minutes.
A
C
You,
the
ease
program,
only
turned
is
only
turned
on
45
days
prior
to
the
start
of
an
election,
and
it
is
shut
off
once
polls
close
on
election
day.
So
the
version
I'm
about
to
show
you
is
our
internal
testing
version.
C
The
system
you
see
before
you
is
ease.
This
is
the
front
page
that
an
individual
will
pull
up
when
they
go
to
the
he's
system.
After
reading
over
the
information
providing
some
assessment
about
what
the
system
does,
the
individuals
will,
click
continue
or
again
through
the
ada
compliant
means
be
able
to
continue
on
to
the
different
screens.
C
There's
an
affirmation
on
the
second
page,
identifying
again
that
the
individual
is
qualified
and
eligible
to
use
this.
This
application,
along
with
the
declaration
of
the
individual
again,
is
eligible
after
clicking
and
affirming
the
following
page
provides
the
individual
opportunity
to
enter
their.
C
After
entering
their
information
and
moving
down
further
into
the
classification,
there
are
a
number
of
options
that
the
individuals
are
able
to
click
to
identify
which
covered
version
which
covered
voter.
They
are
in
this
case
we
will
click
their
nevada
resident
with
a
disability
after
completing
the
captcha.
C
You'll
move
on
to
a
voter,
the
information
page.
This
pop-up
comes
up
because,
if
an
individual
goes
through
this
process,
the
system
will
recognize
that
they've
already
created
multiple
ballots
or
another
ballot.
Individuals
are
able
to
make
more
than
one
ballot.
But
again,
the
way
it
works
is
that
the
barcode
on
the
ballot
on
the
only
one
that
is
sent
it's
the
first
one
that
the
clerks
or
registrars
will
count.
Any
other
ballots
that
are
sent
will
be
ignored.
C
C
C
After
confirming
the
information,
the
system
pulls
up
the
precinct
specific
ballot
for
that
voter
based
on
their
residency.
This
allows
the
individuals
to
go
down
through
and
click
the
arrows
to
identify
which
individuals
they
are
choosing
to
cast
their
ballot
for
after
progressing
all
the
way,
through
the
races
to
the
ballot
questions.
C
Voters
are
offered
an
opportunity
to
review
their
selections
as
well.
The
system
also
you'll
notice
identifies
under
votes
and,
if
there's
a
blank
ballot
to
allow
the
voter
to
go
back
and
correct
their
choices
once
they
have
confirmed
that
they
have
selected
the
right
choices,
they
click
confirm
selections
at
the
bottom
and
then
we
get
to
just
about
the
last
step
in
the
process.
C
At
this
point,
everything
is
grayed
out
and
unable
to
be
clicked
until
the
voter
identifies
and
recognizes
that
they
are
responsible
for
returning
this
ballot
to
their
county
election
office.
At
this
point,
they're
offered
three
options.
You
can
return
it
by
mail
and
the
system
automatically
populates
it
with
the
address
of
the
individual's
county
clerk
or
registrar.
C
They
can
return
it
by
a
secured
email
or
return
it
by
fax,
if
they
click
return
it
by
email.
It
creates
a
secured
pdf,
a
digital
document
that
only
the
county,
clerk's
offices
have
the
password
for
the
individuals
are
then
able
to
email
that
secured
and
locked
file
directly
to
their
county
clerks.
Who
will
then
open
it
and
I'll
talk
through
that
process
in
a
moment
if
they
return
it
by
mail?
C
The
individuals
are
allowed
to
print
out
the
the
option
and
I'll
show
you
the
packet
here
in
a
moment
and
then
I'll
be,
are
able
to
mail
this
this
ballot
back
if
they
do
return
it
by
mail,
the
process
and
timelines
are
the
same
for
any
other
absent
ballot.
In
regards
to
how
long
after
election
day
that
ballot
can
arrive,
the
clerks
can
still
be
counted.
It
also
must
be
postmarked
by
election
day.
C
At
this
time,
I
will
show
you
very
quickly
what
the
packet
itself
looks
like.
So,
if
the
individual
clicks,
they
want
to
mail
it
back.
This
is
what
the
individuals
can
print
out.
In
this
case.
It's
only
a
six-page
document.
It
starts
with
a
cover
sheet
that
includes
their
information
and
provides
an
opportunity
or
a
space
rather
for
the
voter
to
sign.
C
This
also
maintains
a
paper
trail
so
again
for
auditing
purposes,
the
again
military
overseas
or
any
ease
voter
still
has
a
paper
ballot
that
can
be
tracked
and
counted
and
audited
the
same
as
everybody
else.
A
B
E
This
past
year
of
2020,
access
to
nves
for
nevada
residents
with
disabilities
due
to
the
pandemic,
has
allowed
me
to
vote
in
two
consequential
elections
from
home.
Using
my
iphone
and
my
refreshable
braille
display
two
pieces
of
technology
I
use
daily
without
having
to
worry
about
transportation,
to
a
reduced
number
of
polling
places,
not
to
mention
possible
exposure
to
cobit
19..
E
I'd
like
to
thank
assemblywoman
leslie
cohen
for
sponsoring
ab121,
which,
if
passed
by
the
entire
nevada
legislature
and
signed
by
the
governor,
will
make
access
to
the
nve's
online
voting
system
for
nevada
residents
with
disabilities
a
permanent
voting
option,
and
I
urge
the
nevada
legislature
to
pass
ab121
and
for
the
governor
to
sign
the
bill.
Thank
you.
A
G
Good
afternoon,
thank
you
so
much
chair
orange.
I
I
wish
I
could
say
it's
good
to
see
you,
but
it's
you
sound
so
much
better
in
person,
sir
good
afternoon
committee
members,
my
name
is
dora
uel
martinez,
for
the
record,
and
I
am
totally
blind-
and
I
just
want
to
thank
assemblywoman
cohen-
for
sponsoring
this
important
bill
in
led
for
people
with
disability
in
nevada
and
those
who
are
uniform
members
to
vote
independently
and
with
dignity.
G
Last
year
I
I
helped
my
husband,
juan
martinez,
who
couldn't
be
here
today.
He
wanted
to
experience,
polling
voting
in
the
polls.
So,
okay,
let's
go,
then
you
know
why
not
it's
it's
you're!
You
have
that
right.
So
we
went
first,
we
had
to
find
an
accessible
trip,
a
transportation
because
both
of
us
are
visually
impaired.
We
cannot
legally
drive,
I
can't
say
I
haven't
driven,
but
for
the
record
it
can't
drive
at
all.
G
So
we
took
a
transfer,
a
bus
to
go
to
our
nearest
polling
place,
which
was
a
library
near
mcqueen.
High
school
we
went
first
thing
is
that
it
was
difficult
to
find
the
door.
We
found
it.
My
dog
service
dog
search
found
for
us
we
went
in,
they
did
not
have
the
they
did
not
have
the
place
to
go
and
register.
It
was
his
first
time
to
vote,
so
we
somebody
helped
us,
but
it
went
really
well,
except
when
we
went
to
do
the
social
security
numbers
instead
of
you
know
doing
it
privately.
G
They
did
it
out
loud,
so
it
was
in
bridge
on
his
privacy.
So
with
this
nves,
I
think
it
would
eliminate
a
problem
with
people
who
are
visually
impaired
or
people
with
you
know
any
type
of
disability.
They
don't
have
to
one
with
what
what
ms
moore
said
not
deal
with
transportation,
accommodations
or
a
personal
care
attendant
to
help
them
to
go
to
that
polling
place
and
help
them
with
voting.
A
H
D
I
I
I
I
I
J
B
Leslie
cohen
assembly
district
29-
I
I
don't
know
the
statistics,
however,
just
to
be
clear
as
far
as
guidelines.
It
is
the
guidelines
of
under
nrs
426.068.
That's
where
we
define
disability.
I
don't
know
if
anyone
else
any
of
the
other
presenters
have
that
answer.
B
No,
I'm
getting
a
no
from
santa,
but
I
mean
being
that
I
think.
What's
the
statistic
is:
is
around
26.8
percent?
Oh
wait!
I'm
sorry
20!
I
did
testify
to
that.
26.8
percent
of
adults
in
nevada
have
some
type
of
disability
and
obviously
not
everyone
would
be
interested
in
doing
this
or
or
benefit
from
it.
J
Thank
you,
and
maybe
this
is
a
question
to
the
deputy
secretary
of
state.
Do
you
know
how
many
people
are
and
it
can
be
a
percentage
or
the
number
are
currently
using
this
program
in
nevada.
C
Thank
you
for
the
question
senator
mark
velashon
for
the
record.
Yes
ma'am,
I
do
again.
There
was
relatively
about
12
to
1200
to
about
2.
000
individuals
have
used
ease
to
develop
a
ballot
with
slightly
less
than
that,
actually
turning
a
ballot
in
since
its
inception.
C
That's
and
that's
pro-election
cycle
to
be
clear.
Does
that
answer
your
question.
J
It
does
thank
you,
and
so
it
seems
like
there's
a
huge
gap
between
the
number
of
people
that
have
used
the
program
and
the
number
of
people
that
are
eligible
to
use
the
program,
and
so
I'm
just
wondering
how
what
we
can
do
to
close
that
gap,
because
what
I
hear
from
the
testimony
today
that
there
are
people
that
want
to
be
able
to
vote,
don't
have
access,
and
so
I'm
just
wondering
how.
I
think
this
is
a
great
step
to
that
for
them
to
get
that
access.
J
C
C
In
addition,
though,
this
is
a
bill
that
we've
discussed
with
assemblywoman
cohen,
that
we
would
make
a
very
concerted
effort
through
the
different
advocacy
groups
that
we
worked
with
to
help
build
it
in
the
first
place,
to
help
ensure
its
ada
compliance
so
that
moving
forward
those
different
groups
that
work
across
the
state
with
different
communities
would
be
the
most
effective
means
for
us
and
most
cost
efficient
as
well
to
really
and
truly
effectively
get
the
word
out
about
this
program.
This
opportunity,
if
assembly
bill
121,
is
passed.
J
B
Thank
you,
leslie
cohen
assembly,
district
29.
so
and
I
believe
it's
a
relatively
new
program,
not
not
yuwikava,
but
but
but
using
nevada
ease
for
allowing
people
who
are
disabled
in
nevada
to
vote.
Missy.
Well,
martinez
was
part
of
the
pilot
program,
and
actually
it
was
she's
the
person
who
told
me
about
it
and
said
we
really
need
to
get
this
into
statute.
So
the
so
it's
you
know.
B
This
is
really
her
bill
and
and
the
bill
of
the
other
people
who
are,
you
know
getting
out
there
and
voting
despite
the
difficulty
that
they
shouldn't
have
to
go
through.
G
Hi
dora
uel
martinez
for
the
record.
Thank
you
assemblywoman.
Although
it
was
a
collat
collaborative
effort
with
me
and
her.
I
just
want
to
say
it's
relatively
new
before
nve's
last
year
took
place
like
janine
moore's
mission
in
morse.
I
had
testify
it
was
it's
accessible
to
go
to
the
poll
and
and
do
the
machines
for
for
you
know
before,
but
now
with
the
pandemic.
G
Nve
is
quite
convenient
because
you
could
do
it
at
your
own
home
at
your
own
comfort
with
iphone
or
an
android
or
even
a
pc
and
a
laptop,
so
it
is
pretty
accessible
and
you
know,
and
and
the
nevada
governor
council
on
developmental
disability
disability
that
santa
perez
is
the
governor
is
the
president
of
their
council.
We
do
have
a
nve's
tutorial
on
their
youtube
and
once
this
passed,
you
can
be
sure
that
I
and
santa
and
janine
morse
will
be
reaching
out
to
those
people
that
we
know,
because
we
have.
G
We
work
with
people
with
disabilities,
our
network
to
help
them
get
the
skills,
because
there
is
some
skills
that
are
required.
You
got
to
know
how
to
use
your
computer
and,
and
all
that
to
to
you
know,
participate
in
this
important
civil
right.
Thank
you.
A
Thank
you
very
much,
mrs
martinez.
Thank
you.
So
much
cohen,
thanks
vice
chair
lang,
any
additional
questions
not
seeing
any
additional
questions.
Thank
you
very
much
for
the
presentation.
Thank
you,
someone
cohen.
I
think
this
bill
is
really
excellent
and
actually,
I
thought
of
one
question
if
I
could
ask
the
chief
deputy-
and
it
might
be
a
more
important
question
for
the
clerks
if
they
come
up
to
testify,
but
do
you
think
that
our
clerks
this
seems
like
an
amazing,
great
program
that
will
help
a
lot
of
people?
C
Thank
you
for
the
question
sharon
martin
velocity
right
here.
Yes,
sir,
absolutely
and
discussing
this
with
the
quirks
and
registrars.
This
is
something
that
they
are
well
aware
of.
They've
been
involved
in
the
discussion
as
well,
and
they
currently
have
the
capacity
to
address
the
even
an
increased
number
of
individuals.
Using
this
the
ease
program
I
did
want
to
clarify,
though
I
realized
I
presented
some
incorrect
information
to
the
senator
a
moment
ago,
approximately
1200
to
2
000.
C
B
Leslie
cohen
assembly
district
29.,
we
did
have
testimony
from
the
clark
county,
clerk's
office
and
from
registrar
of
voters,
joe
gloria
at
the
last
hearing,
and
he
said
that
it
had
worked.
Well.
I
don't
want
to
I'll
be
more
vague,
because
I
don't
want
to
misquote
him,
but
he
just
generally
said
that
it
did
work
well
and
they
had
success
with
it
and
he
is
not
available
today
to
testify,
but
I
believe
he
would
have
testified
otherwise.
J
J
C
Mark
velasco
for
the
record,
I
I
don't
have
an
exact
number
I'll
be
able
to
get
that
information
to
you.
I
do
know
that
systems
similar
to
this
are
relatively
common
and
increasingly
common.
I
guess
I
should
say
across
the
country,
but
again
not
not
all
of
them
are
the
exact
same
there
there's
some
commercial
variants
and
the
like,
but
I
will
get
you
a
number
of
some
additional
information
here
shortly.
J
That's
great,
thank
you.
I
I
just
was
more
curious
than
anything.
I
because
I
think
it's
a
great
program,
and
I
want
to
make
sure
that
it's
accessible
to
everyone
and
that
I'm
just
curious
on
how
it's
worked
in
other
states,
because
I
think
we
can
learn
from
them
and
learn
like
how
they
got
the
message
out
how
they
got
more
people
involved.
And,
if
there's
anything
here
at
the
legislature,
more
that
we
could
do
to
help.
A
A
K
K
K
All
eligible
nevadans
deserve
the
right
to
vote,
no
matter
what
their
abilities
are.
I
will
also
add
that
our
organization
will
happily
share
information
widely
about
this
program.
Upon
passage
of
this
legislation,
we
need
to
make
sure
we
are
not
disenfranchising
differently,
abled
voters
and
that
we
we
can
do
that
by
passing
this
important
bill.
Please
support
av121.
K
121
good
evening
my
name
is
shirley
cyrus,
I'm
the
daughter
of
my
amazing
mother,
who
is
blind.
I
want
to
talk
in
support
of
this
incredible
bill
because,
as
a
14
year
old,
I'm
very
excited
to
be
able
to
vote
within
like
four
years,
but
just
the
thought
that
there's
some
disabled
people
out
there,
but
just
the
thought
that
there's
disabled
people
out
there
who
haven't
been
even
who
haven't
been
able
to
vote
solely
based
on
their
disability
and
solely
based
because
of
the
fact
that
it's
not
accessible
or
because
of
transportation.
K
It's
very
disappointing,
as
my
mother
informed
you
guys
earlier
about
the
store
about
the
story
of
my
stepdad,
who
had
trouble
at
the
polling
place.
I
remember
them
coming
home
and
sharing
that
story
with
me,
and
not
only
is
it
frustrating
for
them,
but
it's
also
frustrating
for
me,
because
I
know
that
they're
able
to
do
so
much,
but
people
put
limits
on
them
because
of
their
disability.
Thank
you.
A
Thank
you
very
much,
thank
you
for
presenting
today
and
thank
you
for
working
with
your
mom
and
some
women
go
on
this
legislation.
A
L
L
M
M
L
D
D
C-H-R-I-S-T-I-N-E-S-A-U-N-D-E-R-S,
I'm
a
policy
director
with
progressive
leadership
alliance
in
nevada
here
in
support
of
assembly
bill
121,
a
plan.
We
believe
that
our
democracy
is
most
vibrant
when
more
people
are
participating.
Ab121
is
an
important
piece
of
legislation
to
ensure
that
voters
with
disabilities
in
nevada
are
able
to
have
their
voices
heard
at
the
ballot
box.
We
urge
your
yes
vote.
Thank
you.
L
D
Good
afternoon,
chair
and
the
committee
for
the
record,
my
name
is
jasmine
j,
a
esses
and
sam
m,
I
n,
as
a
nancy
marguerita
tobin
t,
as
in
tom
o
b,
as
in
boy,
oh
and
as
a
nancy
I
go
by
jobs,
though
I'm
an
organizer
for
planned
parenthood.
Boats,
nevada,
planned
parenthood.
Boats,
nevada
is
supportive
of
ab121,
because
we
should
make
participating
in
elections
easier
and
more
accessible
to
those
who
would
not
otherwise
be
able
to
participate.
D
L
L
E
Hopefully
under
av-121,
voters
with
disabilities
may
register
to
vote
as
well
as
requ
request
and
receive
the
ukava
ballot
under
nevada
ease
a
system
that's
been
used
by
members
of
the
armed
services
and
nevadans
residing
overseas
since
1986.
The
nve
system
is
a
system
based
on
proven
and
secure
technology.
This
bill
would
extend
a
decade-long
program
to
a
voting
block
that
would
greatly
benefit
from
it
by
providing
voters
with
disabilities
access
to
this
tool.
E
This
bill
will
ensure
that
this
body
is
taking
the
proper
steps
to
ensure
that
we're
making
voting
more
accessible
for
all
nevada
voters.
It's
important
to
acknowledge
that
components
of
vote
by
mail
may
not
necessarily
be
accessible
for
all
voters
with
disabilities.
Some
folks,
within
the
community
experience
barriers
when
attempting
to
independently
handle
or
read
or
mark
their
mail
ballet.
You
cover
ballots,
however,
would
eliminate
those
accessibility
issues.
Should
they
decide
to
use
it?
E
There
goes
a
saying
that
persons
with
disabilities
have
to
fight
for
rights
and
privileges
that
able-bodied
folks
do
not
voting
is
not
a
privilege.
It
is
a
right
for
all
u.s
citizens
that
includes
the
374
515
nevadans
living
with
disabilities.
According
to
the
american
community
survey,
this
body
should
ensure
that
voters
with
disabilities
are
able
to
have
their
voices
heard.
We
urge
your
support
in
passing
ab121.
L
H
H
The
nde
process
has
already
proven
to
be
easy
to
implement
and
has
already
allowed
those
in
the
armed
forces
and
people
with
disabilities.
Access
to
vote
for
many
people
with
disabilities.
The
process
of
physically
filling
out
a
ballot
and
appearing
at
a
polling
place
is
extremely
difficult,
as
you've
already
heard
during
this
presentation
many
times.
This
requires
formidable
transportation
needs
as
well,
such
as
requiring
specialized
equipment
in
order
to
get
to
the
polling
place
and
is
then
followed
by
difficulty.
H
Navigating
the
polling
place
itself
and
often
involves
challenging
accessibility
concerns
will
provide
voters
with
a
disability
the
ability
to
use
the
already
existing
absentee
and
ve
system
and
will
alleviate
the
significant
difficulties
voters
with
disabilities
experience
in
voting.
Voters
with
disabilities
should
have
the
same
easy,
simple
access
to
voting
as
all
other
voters.
Democracy
is
a
better
place
with
greater
access
to
voting
for
all
nevadans.
We
urge
your
support
on
this
bill.
Thank
you
and
that
concludes
my
testimony.
L
F
Hello
and
good
afternoon,
chairperson
and
members
of
the
committee,
my
name
is
andrew,
sierra
and
a-n-d-r-e-w-s-I-e-r,
and
I'm
the
organizing
manager
for
the
nevada
conservation
league,
the
speaking
support
of
ab121
ncl,
envisions
a
future
where
all
nevadans
can
thrive
because
they
have
access
to
a
healthy
climate,
clean
air,
clean
water
and
outdoor
spaces,
as
well
as
the
safe,
healthy
and
sustainable
communities.
We
understand
that
that
this
vision
isn't
possible
without
a
fair
and
inclusive
democracy
in
which
all
voters
can
participate.
F
For
us,
passing
strong
laws
to
protect
our
environment
depends
upon
open
and
fair
elections,
because
we
believe
that
the
long-term
health
of
our
planet
is
directly
linked
with
the
health
of
our
democracy.
For
many
voters
with
disabilities,
absentee
voting
has
been
the
safest
and
most
successful
way
to
cast
a
ballot.
This
build
will
make
voting
more
accessible
to
all
nevadans
by
allowing
voters
with
disabilities
to
use
nves
and
extending
and
extending
the
uoc
aba
deadline
to
election
day.
L
F
Thank
you
chairman.
Member
of
the
committee.
My
name
is
eric
cheng
e-r-I-c
on
behalf
of
asian
community
development,
council,
acdc
nevada.
Speaking
in
support
of
ab121,
I
want
to
thank
assemblywoman
cohen.
This
is
a
good
bill.
It
removes
existing
barriers
and
there's
a
group
that
serves
a
lot
of
limited
english
proficiency,
people,
households,
voters.
We
would
like
to
be
in
solidarity
with
the
people
in
the
disabilities,
communities
to
making
sure
we're
removing
barriers,
making
voting
more
accessible
and
equitable
using
existing
and
tried
and
true
platform
like
the
yokava.
L
F
Good
afternoon
the
chairman
orrin
shaw
members
of
the
committee.
My
name
is
mikey
kelly,
first
name
m-I-k-e-y,
last
name
k-e-l-l-y
for
the
record.
F
L
D
Fund
an
organization
that
strives
to
improve
political
efficacy
in
the
latino
community
and
a
partner
of
let
nevada
vote
for
voters
in
full
support
of
ab121,
because
all
eligible
nevadans
should
have
the
proper
accommodations
to
have
their
voice
heard.
This
includes
allowing
voters
with
disabilities
to
register,
to
vote
request
and
cast
aids
balance
by
clarifying
these
accommodations.
It
ensures
that
voters
have
ample
time
and
resources.
They
need
to
vote
from
the
comfort
of
their
home.
D
It's
important
to
acknowledge
that
this
bill
would
eliminate
the
stressful
process
of
trying
to
navigate
a
complex
voting
process
and
this
and
the
inaccessible
components
of
vote
by
mail.
Our
vote
is
our
voice,
and
nevada
must
put
options
in
place
to
allow
voters
with
disabilities
to
have
a
say
in
every
election.
We
need
to
ensure
that
we
are
protecting
people's
right
to
vote.
We
think
assembly
women
go
in
for
extending
access
to
voters
with
disabilities,
members
of
the
armed
forces,
their
spouses
and
dependents
and
nevada's
nevadans
residing
overseas.
Thank
you.
So
much
for
your.
L
E
Good
afternoon,
chair
orange
shaw
and
committee
members,
my
name
is
carrie
dermick.
That
is
k-e-r-r-y.
E
And
I'm
the
nevada
state
director
with
albany's
local,
which
is
a
voting
rights
project
house
of
leadership
conference
on
civil
and
human
rights
and
also
a
proud
member
of
the
let
nevada's
vote
coalition.
Albania's
local
is
in
full
support
of
ab121.
We
need
a
voting
system
that
is
open,
accessible
and
secure
for
all.
Voters.
Nevada
needs
to
ensure
that
we
are
protecting
everyone's
right
and
freedom
to
vote.
This
bill
will
protect
and
expand
the
right
to
vote
of
people
with
disabilities
and
we
are
in
strong
support
of
ab121
and
ask
for
your
support.
L
A
L
A
A
B
B
Thank
you,
chair
and
committee
for
hearing
the
brief
the
bill,
and
I
will
be
very
brief
and
thank
you
to
my
fellow
presenters.
One
of
the
one
of
the
callers
did
make
the
point
about
someone
who
is
paraplegic
and
how
this
would
help
them,
and
actually
we
did
have
testimony
from
a
gentleman
when
we
presented
in
the
assembly
who
did
call
in
who
is
paraplegic.
B
So
it
definitely
is
an
accessibility
issue
and
you
know
it
it.
It
really
actually
makes
me
mad
about
the
person
who
called
in
opposition
in
the
assembly
who
who
offended
my
friend,
miss
perez
and
and
talked
about
being
people
being
too
lazy
to
go
out,
or
you
know
wanting
things
too
easy,
and
I
mean
it's
it's
voting.
B
A
Thank
you
please.
Ms
will
martinez.
Thank
you,
and
we
also
were
very
impressed
with
your
daughter
and
some
days.
You
know
that
you
may
want
to
be
interested
in
the
nevada,
youth
legislature.
We
have
a
program
here
for
teenagers
where
they
can
get
involved
and
actually
work
on
bills
and
and
might
be
something
you
should
want
to
consider
and
our
research
division
knows
a
lot
about
that,
but
you
can
reach
out
to
someone
cohen
or
myself.
B
And
if
I
can
cut
him
very
briefly,
leslie
cohen
assembly
district
29.
her
her
testimony
last
session
and
I
believe
it
was
ab140
stole
the
show.
It
was
the
best
testimony
of
the
hearing.
G
I
don't
know
where
she
gets
it
from.
I
can't
speak
in
public
dora
martinez
for
the
record,
thank
you,
charansha
and
vice
chair
and
the
committee
for
hearing
our
testimony
and
thank
you
to
assemblywoman
district
29,
awesome
cohen,
as
we
call
her
in
our
disability
community.
G
This
is
a
very
important
bill
to
all
of
us,
our
friend
my
friend
santa
and
janine,
and
a
lot
of
people
that
couldn't
call
to
testify
today
because
they
got
a
hospital
appointment.
We
do
wish
and
and
hope
that
you
and
urge
your
support
in
this
matter
and
if
there's
any
questions,
please
feel
free
to
reach
out
and-
and
we
can
answer
any
questions
and
upon
passing
rest
assured
that
we
will
be
involved
in
passing
this
throughout
nevada.
Thank
you
so
much.
Thank
you
very
much.
A
N
L
F
F
F
F
F
A
You
thank
you
very
much,
ms
perez.
Thank
you
for
your
testimony
today
and
thank
you
for
your
work
on
this
important
legislation.
Any
other
closing
comments,
ms
moers
or
chief
deputy
lawson.
All
right.
Thank
you
very
much.
Thank
you,
assemblywoman
cohen,
thank
you,
ms
martinez,
and
appreciate
your
work
on
this
important
legislation,
we'll
now
close
the
hearing
on
assembly
bill
121
and
we
will
open
the
hearing
on
senate
concurrent
resolution
10..
A
We
are
very
fortunate
to
have
my
friend,
my
colleague,
senator
spearman,
here
to
present
the
senate
concurrent
resolution
10,
and
we
appreciate
your
work
on
this
front.
Important
work
on
renewable
energy.
N
N
I
think
we
should
always
hold
first
and
foremost,
that
we
have
a
number
of
people
who
served
in
the
military
and
who
fought
in
the
20-year
long
wars
that
we've
been
in
in
iraq
and
afghanistan,
and
I
know
for
a
fact
that
there
have
been
several
have
come
back
quadriplegic
several
who
have
come
back
and
a
bk
amputation
below
the
knee.
Several
have
come
back
and
they've
not
had
use
of
their
their
limbs
below
the
neck.
N
So
this
is
going
to
help
not
just
those
who
are
differently
abled
now,
but
this
is
also
a
way
to
look
out
and
make
sure
make
sure
that
we
are
taking
care
of
those
who
have
fought
and
many
have
paid
the
price
for
our
right
to
freedom.
And
it
just
seems
to
me
that
it's
just
the
right
thing
to
do
so
with
that
good
afternoon,
chair
orrin,
shaw
and
members
of
the
committee
for
the
record.
N
In
addition
to
the
carbon
emissions,
benefits
of
hydrogen.
Similar
advantages
exist
in
those
of
lithium,
particularly
in
lithium
batteries
for
use
in
electric
and
hybrid
vehicles.
The
state
climate
strategy
recently
identified
nevada
as
having
the
largest
lithium
prospects
in
the
united
states
and
nevada,
has
the
only
the
only
active
lithium
mine
in
north
america.
N
The
potential
for
us
to
become
a
worldwide
leader
in
lithium
production
is
significant
and,
as
you
know,
lithium
is
critical
to
the
burgeoning
electric
car
industry
and
for
battery
technology
in
general.
Clearly,
this
offers
economic
opportunities
to
establish
nevada
as
an
epicenter
for
lithium
mining.
N
In
addition
to
uses
and
batteries,
advanced
manufacturing
of
vehicles
and
battery
recycling
technology,
lithium
enjoys
end-use
applications
in
electronics,
electric
tools
and
grid
storage,
and
I
believe
everyone
in
the
committee
probably
has
one
of
these
handheld
computers,
also
known
as
a
smartphone,
and
every
time
you
plug
that
in
to
be
charged.
You're
charging
a
lithium
battery.
N
Here's
the
scope
of
the
study.
I
want
to
address
what
scr
10
sets
forth.
In
summary,
the
legislative
committee
on
energy
shall
conduct
an
interim
study
concerning
the
development
of
hydrogen,
lithium
and
other
energy
resources
in
the
state
to
include
the
development
of
related
technologies,
with
the
goal
of
achieving
energy
independence
for
nevada,
facilitating
economic
diversification
and
our
national
security
goal
of
energy
independence.
N
N
I
believe
it
was
monday
and
made
sure
that
we
their
concerns
and
their
thoughts
that
they
brought
forward
made
sure
that
they
are
a
part
of
the
a
part
of
the
amendment
that
you
have
on
this
bill,
and
I
just
want
to
emphasize
again.
This
is
really
a
study.
It
does
not
mean
we're
going
to
do
anything,
but
we
have
to
study.
We've
got
to
make
sure
that
we
understand
and
know
all
of
the
opportunities
and
the
possibilities
for
renewable
energy
that
exists
in
our
state.
N
Further.
If
it's
feasible,
the
committee
shall
enter
into
a
contract
or
other
agreement
with
the
university
of
nevada,
reno,
the
university
of
nevada,
las
vegas
or
the
desert
research
institute
for
gathering
data
and
producing
a
cost
benefit
analysis
of
hydrogen
and
lithium
energy
resources
and
the
cost
benefit
analysis
or
the
cba
will
also
include
what
that
looks
like
in
terms
of
health
care.
What
are
the
benefits?
N
What
are
some
of
the
downsides?
What
should
we
be
looking
out
for
in
terms
of
making
sure
that,
as
we're
exploring,
and
maybe
even
implementing
some
of
these
technologies
making
sure
that
we're
doing
it
in
a
way
that
protects
not
just
the
environment
but
also
protects
those
who
are
the
most
vulnerable
in
our
communities?
N
Finally,
as
you
can
see
the
resolution,
the
study
will
assess
the
feasibility
of
using
hydrogen
and
lithium
as
energy
resources
in
nevada
for
various
applications.
This
includes
the
potential
for
using
hydrogen
and
lithium
in
the
operation
of
zero
emission
vehicles,
trains,
watercraft
and
other
equipment.
The
potential
for
converting
existing
mines
into
resources
for
hydrogen
include
the
production
of
green
hydrogen
from
water
associated
with
active
or
abandoned
mines,
and
I'm
not
sure
how
many
members
of
the
committee
have
heard
the
term
brown
water
and
that's
water.
N
It's
it's
not
it's
not
waste
water,
but
it's
water
that
has
been
used.
But
it's
it's
an
opportunity
to
recycle
for
for
programs
such
as
this,
and
we
don't
have
to
use
clean
water.
If
you
will,
the
methods
for
incentivizing
use
of
hydrogen
and
lithium
as
energy
resources
and
a
review
of
any
economic
and
regulatory
barriers
hindering
the
implementation
of
hydrogen
and
lithium
as
energy
resources
and
the
potential
for
using
hydrogen
microgrids
in
the
use
of
lithium
batteries.
N
N
N
N
N
We
want
to
make
sure
that
we're
exploring
all
the
options
and
the
opportunities
to
develop
our
renewable
energy
policies,
strategies
and
resources
in
this
state,
and
if
we
don't
decide
how
that
happens,
it
will
be
decided
for
us,
and
so
that
is
the
genesis
of
the
gist
of
this
bill,
and
I
will
come
back
for
closing
remarks.
I
have
a
presentation
to
make
in
the
assembly
legislative
operations
and
elections,
but
have
a
team
of
presenters
who,
I
know,
can
take
the
realm
right
now
and
I'll
be
back
later
for
questions.
A
A
M
Thank
you,
chairman
orrinshaw
and
members
of
the
committee,
and
thank
you
senator
spearman,
for
fine
work
on
this.
So
my
name
is
steve:
paula,
collis,
that's.
O
M
Hydrogen
alliance
I'll
be
introducing
the
executive
director
of
the
alliance
in
a
moment,
but
I
just
like
to
say
as
an
overview,
I'm
very
proud
of
governor
syslak
for
signing
the
state
climate
stretch
strategy
and
hydrogen
is
going
to
play
an
enormous
role
in
that.
As
many
may
know
or
not
know,
hydrogen
is
the
simplest
and
most
abundant
element
in
the
universe.
Taking
us
back
to
college
or
high
school
chemistry,
75
of
the
sun
is
made
from
hydrogen.
M
We
have
virtually
an
un
limited
access
to
energy
through
the
sun,
but
the
question
is:
how
do
we
use
that
energy
and
deploy
it
here
on
earth
for
storing
and
shifting
hydrogen
and
large
amounts
of
renewable
energy
through
hydrogen?
Hydrogen
represents
the
cleanest
and
most
flexible
solution
to
that
issue.
M
The
redundancy,
the
resiliency,
the
security
of
our
energy
mix
and
the
mix
of
that
energy,
as
senator
spearman
pointed
out,
is
vital
to
mission
critical,
critical
industries
that
we
have
in
nevada,
including
our
airports,
gaming
properties,
hospitals,
police
stations,
fire
stations,
data
centers.
The
importance
of
this
is
a
national
and
state
security
issue
cannot
be
overstated
to
go
into
much
more
detail
about
some
of
these
activities
in
the
world
that
hydrogen
will
play
in
that
I
will
now
introduce
roxanna
beck,
mohammadi
who's
executive
director
of
wisha
western
states,
hydrogen
alliance.
Thank
you.
A
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
polikalos,
very
good
to
see
you
and
please
proceed,
and
we
can.
We
can
see
the
presentation
on
the
screen.
Thank
you.
Ms
pardon
me.
P
Mohammadi
you
so
much.
I
come
to
you
as
an
environmental
policy
advocate
and
engineer
and
as
the
executive
director
of
the
western
states
hydrogen
alliance.
Thank
you,
chairman
orange
all
and
members
of
the
committee
for
hearing
this
important
bill.
I
would
also
like
to
commend
the
legislature
and
the
governor
for
being
dedicated
to
clean
energy
jobs,
which
are
essential
for
the
economic
and
environmental
vitality
of
this
great
state.
Lastly,
I
truly
want
to
thank
senator
spearman.
P
P
Hydrogen
is
the
next
frontier
in
our
quest
to
provide
a
sustainable
future
for
the
next
generation,
while
simultaneously
building
upon
the
state's
success
in
renewable
energy,
green
job
creation,
economic
diversification,
emission
reduction
grid,
resiliency
and
national
security,
you
guys
have
been
quite
busy.
I
wanted
to
go
ahead
into
the
next
slide.
Thank
you.
So
the
western
states
have
generalized
also
known
as
wisha,
is
comprised
of
world
leaders
in
clean
energy
technologies.
P
I
might
be
going
over
some
of
their
technologies
that
they've
deployed
they're,
absolutely
interested
in
investing
in
the
state
and
creating
a
new
hub
of
research
and
economic
development
and
zero
emission
energy
and
transportation
applications.
P
The
federal
government,
including
the
us
department
of
energy,
as
well
as
other
agencies
like
the
usdod,
are
pursuing
hydrogen
as
a
key
way
to
enable
a
decarbonized
economy.
Senator
strand
hello.
We
see
this
focus
due
to
the
ability
for
hydrogen
to
serve
as
the
means
to
achieving
energy
security,
economic
prosperity
and
resilience.
P
You
can
see
that
we
have
primarily
quite
a
bit
of
heavy
production
in
california,
louisiana
and
texas.
A
lot
of
that
hydrogen
production
is
actually
for
the
refinement
of
crude
oil
and
it's
really
truly
to
remove
sulfur
from
that
from
the
crude
oil,
so
that
does
help
eliminate
stocks
emissions.
So
that's
a
key
way
that
hydrogen
has
already
been
playing
a
role
in
cleaning
our
air
hydrogen
is
also
utilized
in
the
production
of
fertilizers,
treating
metals
and
processing
fruits.
So
hydrogen
is
again
all
around
us
and
a
key
component
of
industrial
processes.
P
As
a
result,
we
see
that
over
500
megawatts
of
stationary
fuel
cells
are
powering
our
country
and
numerous
fuel
cell
vehicles
and
equipment
like
cars,
buses,
trucks
forklifts
are
in
operation
today
with
the
great
state
at
the
intersection
of
the
west.
It's
the
ideal
time
to
become
a
major
player
in
these
large,
but
still
nascent
markets
with
so
much
untapped
economic
potential.
P
So
this
is
actually
quite
an
interesting
example.
This
is
this
is
actually
in
japan,
where
they're
producing
hydrogen
from
solar
and
other
renewable
resources,
and
this
is
a
plant
actually
in
fukushima,
and
this
is
a
way
that
they
are
moving
forward
to
provide
clean
and
safe
energy
options
for
their
community.
P
P
I
think
this
is
a
famous
photo.
This
is
a
photo
from
a
home
in
texas
during
the
recent
extended
power
outage
that
the
state
suffered.
Extreme
weather
is
absolutely
expected
at
this
point
and
according
to
climate
scientists,
we
really
need
to
focus
on
the
importance
of
integrating
grid
resiliency
solutions.
P
This
is
a
perfect
example
where
actually,
during
hurricane
sandy,
fuel
cell
power
systems
were
actually
the
most
reliable
backup
power
generator.
So
we
see
that
it's
no
surprise
that
over
800
backup
power,
fuel
cell
systems
have
been
deployed
in
almost
half
of
the
nation.
P
This
is
also
a
fantastic
example
of
what
we're
doing
with
fuel
cells
in
transportation
modes
on
display
is
a
hydrogen
fuel
cell
electric
bus
powered
by
our
member
company
ballard
power
systems.
We
commend
rtc
of
southern
nevada
for
recently
being
awarded
of
two
fuel
cell
electric
buses,
so
a
very
competitive
fta
solicitation,
as
well
as
rta,
sorry
of
rtc
of
washoe
county
for
their
interest
in
advancing
hydrogen
fuel
cell
electric
transportation
to
the
top
right.
P
You
see
a
hyundai
fuel
cell
electric
truck
that
we
anticipate
traveling
through
the
state
and
beyond
on
the
country's
freight
corridors.
This
will
be
one
of
wish's
hallmark
initiatives
by
enabling
hydrogen
highways.
The
bottom
right
picture
is
of
plug
powers,
fuel
cell
electric
forklifts,
with
its
accompanying
feeling
infrastructure.
You
can
see
hundred
of
the
hundreds
of
these
forklifts
right
here
in
a
number
of
las
vegas
distribution
centers
and
we're
not
just
focused
on
zero
emission
transport
on
surface
roads.
P
The
very
pictured
is
a
fuel
cell
powered
ferry
that
will
that
was
built
actually
by
golden
gate,
zero
mission,
marine,
which
is
now
known
as
zero
emission
industries,
and
they
are
actively
working
to
bring
fuel
cell
electric
watercrafts
to
lake
tahoe
and
lake
mead.
P
P
One
of
my
favorites
is
that
hydrogen
is
a
domestically
produced,
foil
of
sorry
fuel
and
it
only
not
only
creates
jobs
that
it
also
reduces
imports
of
foreign
oil.
Increasing
our
national
security,
the
us
military
has
actually
been
quite
an
early
adopter
of
hydrogen
technologies
and
fuel
cell
technologies,
including
the
exploration
of
fuel
cell
electric
tanks,
as
well
as
understanding
that
hydrogen
will
become
actually
a
future
tactical
fuel.
P
So
this
is
a
map
of
fueling
stations
across
the
u.s
note
that
nevada
has
done
a
great
job,
advancing
the
electric
highway
and
helping
facilitate
battery
electric
vehicle
corridors
in
the
western
u.s.
There
is
a
need,
however,
and
actually
an
opportunity
to
provide
fueling
stations
and
infrastructure
for
fuel
cell
electric,
and
I
want
to
emphasize
they
are
electric
vehicles
in
the
in
the
great
silver
state,
so
diversifying
zero
emission
fuels
is
beneficial
by
providing
additional
economic
opportunities,
resilience
in
transportation
and
reducing
greenhouse
gases
and
other
air
balloons.
P
This
is
actually
quite
a
development
in
nevada
and
and
very
famous
in
the
hydrogen
world,
which
is
actually
air
leki's
plant
in
northern
nevada,
they've
spent
hundreds
of
millions
of
dollars
on
this
facility
viewer.
They
will
be
employing
quite
a
number
of
local
constituents,
so
we're
really
excited
about
the
growth
of
this
of
this
facility.
P
So
recently
there
was
a
mckinsey
report
that
came
out.
That
was
quite
substantial.
It
reported
that
you
know
the
by
2050
the
us
hydrogen
industry
could
generate
an
estimated
750
billion
dollars
per
year
in
revenue
and
support
3.4
million
jobs.
We
would
love
to
see
these
jobs
and
this
kind
of
economic
vitality
occur
within
the
silver
state.
P
The
highlights
from
that
study,
actually,
I
would
say,
is
quite
substantial
as
an
engineer
where
you
know
hydrogen
can
meet
14
of
the
energy
demand
that
we
need
in
the
country.
It
can
generate
again.
750
billion
dollars
per
year,
support
3.4
million
jobs,
reduce
carbon
emissions
by
16
and
reduce
nox
emissions
by
36
percent,
also
with
sr10.
P
It
would
help
facilitate
additional
funding
from
federal
grants
for
academic
research
as
well
as
workforce
development.
So
that
is
something
that
we
look
forward
to
pursuing
with
the
passing
of
scr10,
and
I
want
to
thank
you
for
your
time
con
consideration
and
I
look
forward
to
answering
any
questions
and
I
respectfully
ask
for
your
eye
vote.
Thank
you.
A
I'm
not
seeing
any
questions,
so
I
will
open
it
up
for
support
of
seneca
current
resolution
10.
here
in
carson
city
and
then
we've
got
some
folks,
mr
camp.
Oh
yes,.
N
Is
that
senator
speaker?
Yes,
I'm
so
sorry
there
were.
There
were
a
couple
other
people
and
I
I
came
back
real
quick,
but
there
were
a
couple
other
people
that
I
wanted
to
present
and
one
of
them
is
alfredo
alonso
and
I
don't
know
if
I
don't
know
if
frozen
kitty,
james
has
had
an
opportunity
to
weigh
in.
A
A
K
Mr
chairman,
members
of
the
committee
alfredo
alonso
today
and
in
full
support,
we,
we
also
have
a
couple
of
other
individuals
on
the
zoom,
with
the
with
your
indulgence.
Lestanja
baker
with
toyota
is
also
on
on,
and
so
is
kurt
augustine
with
the
auto
alliance.
Certainly,
would
you
like
me
to
go
to
them
first?
That
would
probably
make
sense.
They
have
a
presentation
both
on
the
hydrogen
side
and
on
the
lithium
side.
So
between.
A
Q
Good
afternoon,
chairman
orange
shaw
and
senators
of
the
committee,
my
name
is
for
the
record.
My
name
is
bernard
rowe
spelled
b-e-r-n-a-r-d-r-o-w-e.
I
just
want
to
make
sure
everyone
can
hear
me.
Okay,.
Q
Ahead,
I'm
going
to
present
a
very
brief
overview
of
the
lithium
energy
industry
and
the
opportunity
that
it
presents
for
nevada
in
particular,
given
its
abundance
of
resource.
Q
So,
firstly,
looking
at
the
at
the
importance
of
lithium
to
electrification
and
by
electrification,
I'm
talking
about
electrification
of
transportation,
but
also
the
battery
storage
of
green
energy
into
intermittent
green
energy
that
can
provide
a
meaningful
contribution
to
existing
sources
of
base
load
power.
Q
So
for
for
many
years,
lithium
has
been
used
in
in
industries
in
in
industrial
applications,
electronics,
ceramics,
small
powered
powered
devices,
but
it's
really
the
the
growth
in
demand.
That's
going
to
come
from,
particularly
of
transportation.
That's
going
to
drive
this
tremendous
increase
in
demand
like
we've,
never
seen
before,
really
in
any
other
commodity
it
and
it
applies
to
electric
vehicles,
but
it
also
applies
to
the
static
storage
of
green
power.
Q
The
just
to
give
you
some
very
brief
idea
of
the
quantum
of
the
scale
of
this
of
this
demand.
It's
quite
amazing,
but
as
of
around
today
2019
2020
there's
about
200
000
tonnes
of
lithium
chemicals,
it's
either
lithium
carbonate
or
lithium
hydroxide.
That
goes
into
a
lithium-ion
battery
so
for
the
entire
world.
There's
about
200
000
tons
used
on
top
of
that
there's
about
another
100
000
tonnes
of
lithium
chemicals
that
are
used
in
other
applications.
Q
Q
All
of
that
will
be
con
needed
to
just
for
the
united
states
by
the
end
of
this
decade
and
in
fact,
in
europe,
where
there's
fast
to
take
up
with
electric
vehicles,
all
of
that
300
000
tonnes
will
be
consumed
by
europe
by
2024.
It's
estimated
so
there's
an
incredible
growth
in
this
material.
That's
going
to
be
required
to
make
this
transition
to
electric
and
electrification
and
transportation
possible.
Q
We
look
at
supply
and
demand
the
domestic
annual
production
I've
mentioned
about
the
demand.
That's
that's
on
the
horizon
for
the
united
states.
Q
As
of
today,
the
lithium
that
gets
consumed
in
the
united
states
and
most
other
parts
of
the
world
is
either
comes
from
china
or
is
reprocessed
in
china
and
refined
in
china,
so
to
make
it
into
the
lithium
chemical
domestic
production.
And
yes,
we
heard
earlier
that
there's
about
five
thousand
tons
of
lithium
chemicals
produced
per
year
at
the
silver
peak
mine
in
esmeralda
county.
That
is
the
only
lithium
production
in
the
united
states.
In
fact,
the
only
within
production
in
north
america-
and
it's
it's
around
about
one
percent
of
the
world's
supply.
Q
Here's
the
situation
in
the
united
states
again
it
repeats
some
of
the
numbers.
I've
just
mentioned
gigafactories
everyone's
familiar
with
the
gigafactory
outside
of
reno
53
gigawatt
hours
of
battery
capacity
and
expected
to
grow
over
time
and
tesla
have
now
announced
another
one
in
to
be
built
in
texas,
there's
some
others
that
are
listed
there,
that
are
either
in
construction
or
already
started,
producing,
but
they'll
be
added
and
I'm
sure
there'll
be
others
at
it
over
time.
Q
But
to
to
to
in
order
for
that
to
happen,
then
there
is
this
incredible
need
for
the
raw
material
to
be
provided,
and
it's
not
such
a
simple
solution
to
say
we
can
get
it
from
somewhere
else,
because
there's
very
limited
places
where
you
can
get
that
from.
Q
So
if
we
look
at
where
it
comes
from
as
again
as
it's
a
snapshot
in
time
today,
I'm
only
going
to
look
at
lithium.
Q
You
can
forget
that,
for
for
the
time
being,
we
won't
talk
about
the
other
commodities,
but
stage
one
is
the
mining,
the
mining
of
the
raw
material,
the
united
states,
one
percent
of
the
world's
lithium
and
interestingly
china,
zero
percent,
so
that
china
doesn't
have
any
lithium
of
its
own
of
any
significant
size,
but
look
over
here
and
see
on
the
right
hand,
side
that
by
the
time
you
start
processing
it
into
the
refined
chemicals.
Q
China
is
about
sixty
percent
in
the
us,
only
four
percent,
and
then,
by
the
time
on
the
bottom
left,
you
put
it
into
a
cathode
that
goes
inside
a
battery.
The
u.s
is
back
to
zero
china's
61
and
then
it
goes
into
a
battery
in
the
bottom
right
corner.
The
us
about
10
china's
73,
so
lithium
ion
battery
global
manufacturing
capacity.
73
goes
through
china.
Q
There's
lots
of
implications
for
not
developing
an
industry
and
and
relying
on
external
sources,
there's
the
environmental
there's
the
environmental
risks
and
and
impacts
that
are
far
less
controlled
when
you
just
simply
buy
and
bring
in
that
material
from
someone
else
somewhere
else,
there's
the
obviously
the
the
strategic
element
of
it,
the
reliability
of
that
source
and
where
it
comes
from
there's
the
social
risks
around
not
developing
your
own
supply
chain,
because
you
miss
out
on
those
job
opportunities
and
business
opportunities,
including
in
rural
nevada,
and
an
important
thing
too.
Q
To
remember.
If
you
look
at
where
I
said,
lithium
comes
from
around
the
world
and
gets
processed
in
china
and
then
moved
elsewhere,
there's
a
there's,
a
tremendous
cost
in
the
fossil
fuels
and
the
related
emissions
that
come
from
moving
lithium
all
around
the
world
as
it
currently
stands
today.
So
the
idea
of
developing
a
domestic
supply
chain
within
the
united
states
has
a
huge
number
of
benefits
in
those
key
risk
areas.
Q
I'll,
I'm
not
going
to
dwell
on
this
because
we're
starting
to
get
into
a
little
bit
of
geology
here,
but
there
are
a
couple
of
different
types
of
lithium
deposits,
there's
the
brines,
which
is
a
salty
water
that
gets
pumped
out
of
the
ground
and
evaporated,
as
happens
at
silver
peak
in
esmeralda
county
and
then
there's
spoganine,
which
is
a
mineral.
Q
Q
So
and
the
other
source
that
I'm
talking
about
is
sedimentary
type
of
lithium,
so
this
is
lithium.
That's
not
pumped
out
of
the
ground
in
a
brine
and
have
evaporation
ponds,
and
nor
is
it
a
mineral
that
needs
to
be
sent
to
china
for
processing.
It's
these
sedimentary
deposits,
which
occur
in
esmeralda
county,
humboldt
county
nye
county
that
are
around
lithium
clays.
Q
So
I'm
going
to
finish
on
this
slide,
so
there
are
tremendous
opportunities
in
in
nevada,
there's
the
opportunities
to
become
major
supply
for
the
united
states
for
north
america,
a
major
non-chinese
supplier
for
other
parts
of
the
world
as
well.
Certainly,
there
are
challenges
in
developing
any
new
mineral
deposits.
We
are
very
aware
of
that.
Q
There's
the
processing
technology
that
has
to
be
developed,
which
takes
many
years
and
many
millions
of
dollars
most
deposits
are
on
federal
land,
not
all
of
them,
but
many
of
them
are
so
there's
the
permitting
requirements
that
go
alongside
that
and
that
takes
some
time
to
develop
these
these
deposits
and
these
mineral
processing
refining
facilities
are
large
capital
intensity
projects.
Q
So
there's
there's
a
lot
of
capital
investment
required,
but
you
know:
nevada
and
nevada
has
invested
heavily
in
the
in
building
a
lithium-ion
battery
facilities
already
with
the
tesla
gigafactory
and
the
tesla
car
manufacturing,
and
there's
certainly
an
opportunity
to
add
to
that,
build
on
it
to
develop
a
more
fully
a
lithium-ion
battery
supply
chain
from
raw
material
or
all
the
way
through
to
batteries
that
go
in
cars
and
storing
renewable
power.
Q
There's
obviously
other
benefits
that
come
with
that.
I've
said
that
these
are
big
projects,
big
capital
intensity
projects,
there's
tremendous
job
creation
opportunities,
the
the
economic
benefit
that
comes
with
developing
these
projects
in
rural
nevada
and
importantly,
as
you
develop
this
supply
chain
domestically.
Q
A
A
Thank
you
very
much,
no
questions
right
now
I
see
we've
got
mr
augustine.
Thank
you,
mr
augustine,
for
joining
us.
O
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
chairman
and
members.
My
name
is
kurt
augustine,
that's
c-u-r-t,
a-u-g-u-s-t
ine
and
I'm
the
senior
director
of
government
affairs
for
the
alliance
for
automotive,
innovation
and
the
alliance
is
the
trade
association
that
represents
the
99
of
the
auto
manufacturers
and
vehicles
sold
in
the
united
states
as
well
as
many
of
the
technology
providers
for
zero
emission
vehicles.
O
Also
both
belong
to
our
association,
so
zero
mission
vehicles
for
the
autumn
industry
are
the
are
the
future
the
currently
we
have
53
models
of
electric
vehicles
for
sale
in
the
united
states
and
there
will
be
over
100
zevs
by
2023
and
as
part
of
our
commitment
to
this
tradition,
to
this
industry,
we're
in
spending
250
billion
dollars
by
2023
on
zero
emission
vehicles,
and
that
includes
both
battery
electric
vehicles
and
hydrogen
fuel
cell
electric
vehicles.
O
But
that's
really
just
the
beginning,
because
we
are
on
the
the
cusp
of
having
an
all
sev
future,
that
many
of
our
manufacturers
have
announced
that
by
2030
or
2035,
that
their
entire
product
lines
will
be
doing
that.
In
addition,
nevada,
as
you
know,
is,
is
in
the
process
of
adopting
the
sev
mandates
based
on
california
standards.
O
By
complete
coincidence,
today,
the
california
air
resources
board
announced
their
goals
for
the
net
for
the
next
decade
on
zero
mission
vehicles,
and
they
are
saying
that
by
2026
the
mandate
will
be
that
25
of
all
vehicles
sold
in
california
will
need
to
be
zevs
33
by
2027
50
by
2029
and
75
by
2031.,
and
these
are
very
ambitious
goals
and
that
we
are
prepared
to
meet.
However,
this
can't
be
done
without
the
fuel
to
support
these
vehicles
as
they
are
driving
around.
O
So
the
sourcing
of
hydrogen
and
lithium
is
critical
to
any
future
success.
We
have
in
the
zero
vehicle
market,
particularly
important
about
the
sourcing,
is
now
with
president
biden's
plans
for
a
buy
america
future,
so
without
more
u.s
source
materials.
We're
not
going
to
be
able
to
meet
these
standards
of
both
hydrogen
and
the
lithium
for
batteries
that
power,
both
electric
and
hydrogen
powered
vehicles.
O
A
R
Thank
you,
mr
chair.
Madame
vice
chair
and
members
of
the
committee,
I
am
stani
s-t-a-n-I
baker
b-a-k-e-r,
and
I
am
regional
director
of
government
affairs
for
toyota
motor
north
america,
a
member
of
the
alliance
for
automotive,
automotive,
innovation,
and
we
are
just
here
today
in
support
of
scr
10
and
certainly
want
to
thank
senator
spearman
again.
R
We
just
introduced
our
next
generation
mirai,
the
beautiful
car
you
see
behind
me
here.
Our
2021,
with
a
range
of
400
miles
and
a
time
to
refuel,
of
three
to
five
minutes,
and
so
what
we
see
with
fuel
cell
electric
vehicles,
because,
as
I
mentioned,
toyota
sells
vehicles
with
plugs
and
without
plugs.
R
R
The
ability
to
do
that
with
a
quick
refuel
and
no
concerns
about
being
able
to
travel
the
distance
you
need
to
travel
to
get
back
and
forth
is
crucial.
We
also
look
at
the
other
benefits
of
the
the
community
being
that
you
know.
In
some
cities
you
aren't
able
to
have
electric
charging
on
community
locations,
but
if
you've
got
a
fueling
station
in
a
central
location,
usually
with
an
attendant
or
a
convenience
store,
there
are
folk
there.
R
It
just
provides
a
better
opportunity
for
folk
to
be
able
to
quickly
fuel
and
move
on
you've
heard
about
the
scalability
of
hydrogen.
So
I
won't
comment
too
much
on
that
other
than
to
say
that
we
see
the
need
for
light
duty.
The
vehicles
behind
me
and
heavy
duty,
which
I
don't
have
a
picture
of,
but
but
you
saw
the
the
hyundai
products
toyota
is
also
partnering
in
the
heavy
duty
realm.
R
And
you
know
you've
heard
a
lot
of
information
today
and
we
certainly
just
encourage
you
to
support
the
resolution
that
is
before
you
today,
because
studying
all
of
this
and
having
a
better
understanding
of
it,
I
think,
gets
us
where
we
need
to
be
you've
heard
all
of
the
the
targets
and
the
metrics.
R
And
I
can
tell
you,
as
I
said,
we've
been
selling
this
vehicle
behind
me
like
not
this
model,
but
the
the
the
first
generation
since
2015
and
we've
got
like
49
stations
in
the
state
of
california,
and
that
has
taken
a
while
to
get
there.
And
so
it
is
very
prudent
to
study
now
to
be
prepared
for
tomorrow
and
with
that
I'd
like
to
thank
you
for
your
time
and
attention
and
encourage
your
support
of
the
resolution
for
us
today.
A
R
Thank
you
for
that
question.
It
was
as
if
I
wrote
that
for
you-
and
I
did
not,
but
thank
you
it's
about
three
to
five
minutes
to
refuel.
It
can
travel
400
miles
and
the
only
emission
from
this
vehicle
is
water,
vapor,
which
I
have
seen
some
of
our
engineers
actually
drink.
It
is
potable.
I
don't
recommend
that,
and
I
haven't
myself
tried
it,
but
I've
seen
them
do
it.
A
Wow,
that's
amazing,
you
know
as
a
child
of
the
1970s.
I
I
didn't
think
I'd
see
vehicles
like
that
in
my
lifetime.
That's
really
wonderful
that
you're
producing
something
like
that.
That's
going
to
be
available
or
is
available,
I
guess
already
for
for
sale.
R
It
is
available-
and
I
can
tell
you
right
now
today
we
are
offering
really
great
incentives
to
our
customers
to
make
them
attractive.
Toyota
and
frank
the
other
manufacturers
today,
when
you
purchase
at
least
one
of
these
vehicles
from
any
of
us,
you
get
a
fuel
card
and
for
us,
it's
fifteen
thousand
dollars
or
three
to
six
years
of
fuel
that
the
customer
gets
in
addition
to
experiencing
the
vehicle
they
get
the
fuel
as
well,
because,
obviously
we're
trying
to
encourage
the
production
and
distribution
of
hydrogen.
A
R
It
actually
has
more
power
because
it's
an
electric
engine,
so
it's
an
electric
drive
vehicle,
so
you
don't
have
the
combustion
of
the
engine
right.
So
we've
got
a
lot
of
low
end
torque.
These
are
our
pre.
We
were
on
another
conversation
and
I
was
sharing
with
friends
of
mine
the
first
time
you
step
on
the
accelerator.
R
It
can
be
mind-blowing
frightening
and
thrilling
all
at
once,
so
they
are
very
fast
vehicles
and
in
fact
we
can
share
after
this
a
link
where
we
did
a
test
of
a
diesel
heavy
duty
truck
18-wheeler
compared
to
a
fuel
cell
and
they
raced
them
and
literally
the
fuel
cell
is
off
the
frame
before
the
diesel
is
shifting
in
to
come
into
into
the
frame
of
the
of
the
competition.
So
they're
pretty
fast.
A
Well,
that's
amazing
that
we've
got
vehicles
like
that,
any
any
advice,
turtling.
J
I
just
want
to
say
that
car
is
beautiful.
I
think
thank.
J
I
think
we're
all
salivating
at
how
beautiful
it
is,
but
I
think
one
of
the
great
things
I
just
a
comment,
one
of
the
great
things
about
as
we
make
the
transition
to
more
energy
efficient
vehicles,
is
the
style
and
how
they
look
is
so
important,
because
you
know
we've
gotten
used
to
driving
certain
types
of
cars
that
have
nice
style.
R
Yes,
thank
you
very
much.
I
will
share
just
a
quick
hang
that
I
know
we're
running
late,
but
we
actually
have
a
full
line
of
prius
vehicles,
because
there
is
a
certain
segment
of
our
customer
base.
That
wants
you
to
know
from
a
distance
that
they're
driving
a
hybrid
vehicle
right.
So,
even
though
we
have,
as
we
say,
hybridized
many
of
our
other
vehicles,
so
you
can
have
a
hybrid
lexus.
We
found
that
a
lot
of
customers
just
want
people
to
be
able
to
see
from
a
distance
that
they
are
driving
a
hybrid.
R
N
Mr
chair,
if
I
may,
I
just
want
to
ask
miss
baker.
One
thing-
and
I
don't
know
if
you
covered
it
while
I
was
zooming
in
and
out
of
meetings,
but
there's
another
nice
thing
about
the
hydrogen
fuel
cell.
When
you
apply
the
brakes,
the
rechargeability,
I
don't
know
if
you
covered
that
at
all.
R
I
didn't,
and
so
that's
regeneration
for
the
battery
yes,
and
we
do
that,
particularly
in
our
hybrid
vehicles
and
it's
a
way
to
capture
the
heat
energy
from
braking,
as
you
said,
and
regenerate
and
recharge
the
batteries,
and
we
can
do
that
for
the
accessories,
particularly
on
electric
vehicles,
on
a
on
a
fuel
cell
electric
vehicle.
You
don't
have
as
much
concern
about
drainage
on
the
battery
because
you're
generating
the
electricity
as
you
go
along
with
the
fuel.
But
absolutely
that
is
a
component.
R
R
If
there
were
natural
disasters,
you
could
take
the
your
vehicle
and
use
it
as
a
generator,
because
there's
no
emission,
so
you
could
theoretically
plug
your
vehicle
into
your
house
and
generate
power
for
your
home
for
up
to
two
weeks
on
the
fuel
in
the
tank,
if
necessary
during
an
emergency
in
the
future,
and
there
are
vehicles
in
other
parts
of
the
world
hydrogen
fuel
cell
electric
vehicles.
That
already
have
that
component.
J
I
just
have
one
more
question,
so
I'm
just
interested,
I
think
california
is
much
further
ahead
than
we
are
on
some
of
these
things,
and
so
it
are
your.
Is
this
vehicle
and
the
2015
model
that
you
had,
because
one
of
my
friends
just
texted
me
and
told
me
that
her
husband
drove
the
2015
model
and
loved
it,
and
I'm
just
wondering
if
they're
predominantly
available
in
california
or
are
they
available
in
all
the
states?
I
mean
I
haven't
seen
one
on
the
road,
so
I'm
just.
R
Solely
solely
in
california,
and
only
because
that
is
where
the
fueling
infrastructure
exists
today,
as
roxanna
said,
her
organization-
and
we
are
members
of
a
number
of
organizations
in
common-
are
working
to
try
to
extend
that
hydrogen
highway
because
where
there
is
fueling
infrastructure,
we
want
to
be
able
to
offer
these
vehicles
to
our
customers
and-
and
some
of
your
discussions
that
you
had
earlier
today
about
taking
some
of
your
excess
capacity
and
storing
it
as
hydrogen
and
having
the
opportunity
to
take
hydrogen
and
either
feed
it
back
into
the
grid
or
use
it
for
transportation
are
exactly
the
kinds
of
things
that
we're
working
on
in
the
pacific
northwest
right
now,
and
so
we
definitely
see
opportunities
in
the
pacific
northwest
to
be
able
to
probably
bring
these
vehicles
next.
J
So
if
I
and
this
study
will
I'm
sure,
addressed
some
of
these
items,
but
I'm
just
curious
if
nevada
were
to
get
the
capacity
to
be
able
to
have
those
fueling
stations,
what
is
the
time
frame?
I
mean:
how
long
would
it
take
for
that
to
happen.
J
J
R
Yes
and
I'm
probably
not
your
expert
on
station
development
and
building,
although
I
can
say
that
you
know
we've
seen
stations
take
probably
from
six
months
to
a
year
in
california,
they
are
getting
better
because
they
have
learned
all
right,
so
they
didn't
necessarily
do
the
study.
I
think
it's
been
a
sort
of
an
on-the-job
training
if
you
will
and
the
station
development
is
coming
along
a
lot
faster.
The
permitting
is
better
local
jurisdictions,
understand
better
what
the
stations
are,
and
I
don't
know
occurred.
R
O
These
cities
obviously
have
authority
of
that
and
they're
concerned
about
it,
it's
new
and
and
different,
but
what
has
is
important
on
hydrogen
specifically,
but
of
course,
that
with
truck
compared
to
with
charging
stations
for
electric
vehicles
that
have
to
be
permitted
and
put
over
the
local
gas
station
owners
are
very,
very
interested
in
hydrogen
because
of
the
throughput
time
that
donnie
talked
about.
It
only
takes
three
to
five
minutes
to
fill
up
a
vehicle
as
opposed
to
an
hour
to
two
hours
or
whatever,
to
charge
up
a
vehicle.
O
O
It
is
a
challenge
to
get
locals
to
accept
that,
and
we've
been
working
with
some
legislators
in
nevada
on
these
issues,
as
we
are
preparing
for
nevada
to
be
a
mandate
state,
and
there
are
a
lot
of
different
incentives
for
property
owners
and
potential
station
owners
to
put
these
in
and
that's
what
we're
working
and
hopefully,
we'll
have
some
solutions.
Crafted
whether
it's
this
session
or
in
in
two
years,
to
make
it
as
a
sev
roll
out
more
successful.
P
So
senator,
I
would
also
like
to
add
on
to
the
comments
made.
Thank
you
lastonja
and
kurt.
I
wanted
to
mention
the
fact
that
there's
two
other
factors
that
are
important
as
well
to
discuss
with
hydrogen
infrastructure.
Fueling
infrastructure-
that
is
you
know,
there's
also
stationary
fuel
cells
that
can
provide
power
to
these
chargers
for
battery
electric
vehicles,
especially
those
bigger
vehicles
that
require
so
much
power.
P
The
stations
are
comparable.
There's
no
paradigm
shift,
it's
really
going
to
the
gas
station,
just
like
you
would
with
your
normal
car.
It's
really
a
fabulous
experience
and
a
nice
way
to
move
toward
a
clean
energy
economy.
There's
also
something
that
is
kind
of
neglected
as
well.
P
That
I
want
to
highlight,
is
you
know,
we're
very
lucky
in
nevada
to
have
the
air
like
heat
and
the
production
plant
that
they
have
there,
because
truly
volume
is
going
to
be
really
important,
especially
not
just
with
the
light
duty
vehicles,
but
also
these
heavy
duty
applications
or
even
stationary
power.
I
mean
really.
Hydrogen
plays
a
lot
of
different
roles
and
there's
going
to
be
a
need
for
distribution,
eventually,
maybe
distribution
infrastructure.
P
As
we
update
our
you
know,
natural
gas
pipelines,
we
might
consider
hydrogen
compatible
compatible
materials,
so
there
is
truly
an
ecosystem
that
we
can
develop
in
this
state
that
will
enable
you
know,
hopefully
gasoline
and
diesel
parity
with
the
zero
emission
solution.
Thank
you.
A
Thank
you
very
much,
and
I
really
appreciate
your
comments
and
for
the
record
that
was
miss
kamadi
sorry
about
my
mispronunciation
members,
any
additional
questions.
I
guess
one
question
I
had
for
mr
rowe.
You
mentioned
the
lithium
line
at
silver
peak
and
is
that
lithium
is
only
available
in
nevada
and
in
in
the
people's
republic
of
china.
A
O
Yeah
hi
kurt
augustine
for
the
record.
No
lithium
is
found
in
other
places
in
the
world
in
in
australia,
south
america,
africa,
obviously
the
site
in
nevada,
there's
also
consideration
at
the
salton
sea
in
southern
california.
So
there
are
many
places,
but
often
many
of
these
places
are
in
frankly,
politically
unstable
parts
of
the
world,
and
this
is
why
it
is
important
that
we
are
considering
u.s
based
alternatives
for
stability.
We
don't
you've,
often
referenced
in
your
comments
about
the
70s.
O
Nobody
wants
to
be
back
at
these
70s
oil
shock
days,
where
we're
held
captive
to
to
foreign
agendas
and
that,
so
that's
why
we
we
really
like
this
like
this
resolution,
because
it
does
help
domesticate
our
needs
for
these,
for
these
battery
components.
Thank.
A
S
Thank
you,
mr
chairman.
I'm
delighted
to
be
here.
I'm
rose
mckinney
james
n,
n
e
hyphen
james
j
mes
here
today
at
the
invitation
of
the
bill
sponsor
I'm,
the
managing
principal
of
energy
works,
llc
and
mckinney
james
and
associates,
and
I
appreciate
the
opportunity
to
speak
and
I
promise
to
be
brief.
S
I
think
you
know
better
than
most
that
nevada
has
been
a
leader
in
clean
energy
development
for
more
than
three
decades,
and
that
support
has
been
demonstrated
by
the
commitments
of
multiple
legislatures
as
a
state.
Over
those
many
years
as
policy
makers,
you
have
approved
a
very
aggressive
suite
of
key
policies
that
have
promoted
significant
investment
in
our
abundant
renewable
energy
resources
and
that
success
has
given
us.
S
I
think,
a
really
important
place
in
the
world,
and
I
know
this
because,
as
a
very
young,
a
very
new
lobbyist,
I
came
to
this
body
and
approached
you
to
request
the
support
of
an
amendment
to
a
major
energy
bill
that
would
have
provided
for
us
the
opportunity
to
establish
our
first
renewable
portfolio
standard,
and
so
I've
been
involved
in
this
process
for
more
years
than
I
want
to
count.
S
S
I
will
leave
the
technical
answers
to
the
scientists
and
researchers
and
those
who,
I
hope
will
participate
in
this
study,
because
I
think
fundamentally,
what
we
need
is
to
make
sure,
as
we
move
forward
that
we've
taken
the
time.
These
are
complex
issues.
They
require
thoughtful
consideration,
we're
moving
to
the
next
chapter.
S
S
So
there
are
a
variety
of
embedded
benefits
in
our
ongoing
commitment
to
advancing
what
I
believe
is
going
to
be
the
new
energy
economy,
a
resilient
climate
approach,
and
I
think
the
state
of
nevada
can
lead
in
that
way.
S
So
I
appreciate
the
opportunity
to
be
here-
and
I
can't
say
I'll-
stand
ready
to
answer
any
technical
questions,
but
I'm
certainly
here
to
help.
A
Thank
you
for
presenting.
We
appreciate
your
expertise
and
the
great
contribution
you've
made
to
renewable
energy
in
nevada.
Mrs
mckinney
james
members,
any
questions
nope,
I
don't
see
any
questions.
Thank
you
so
much
for
being
here
and
your
patients,
it's
been
a
long
evening,
anyone
else
either
on
zoom.
A
T
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
chair
members
of
the
committee
for
having
me
for
the
record
ken
evans,
president
of
the
urban
chamber
of
commerce
k-e-n-e-v-a-n-s,
I'm
here
today
to
lend
my
support
on
behalf
of
the
urban
chamber
of
commerce
for
two
primary
reasons.
First
and
foremost,
as
it
has
been
suggested,
this
represents
a
chance
to
move
into
the
renewable
energy
space
and
expand
and
diversify
the
nevada
economy,
especially
given
recent
events.
T
Time
and
time
again,
unfortunately,
we've
gone
through
some
economic
cycles
that
I'm
sure
we'd
like
to
have
a
more
resilient
economy
moving
forward.
So
for
that
reason,
as
well
as
for
several
other
reasons
that
have
already
been
mentioned,
we
definitely
support
the
fact
that
this
will
make
a
great
effort
to
expand
and
diversify
the
economy
by
going
into
an
emerging
market
regarding
renewable
energy.
T
So
for
that
reason
we
definitely
want
to
suggest
and
encourage
and
support
our
businesses
into
getting
in
the
renewable
energy
sector,
which
is
the
reason
why
doing
a
study
like
this
is
important,
because
I'm
sure
it
will
have
an
economic
development
component
to
it.
For
example,
imagine
doing
charging
stations
in
the
89106
zip
code
that
would
be
powerful
because
it
could
possibly
create
some
employment
opportunities,
some
small
business
opportunities,
as
well
as
introduce
the
technology
to
a
segment
of
the
community
that
sometimes
and
traditionally
has
been
underrepresented
in
initiatives
like
this.
T
The
second
reason
why
we
support
this
is
because
there's
the
opportunity
for
diversity
and
inclusion
in
this
new
market,
whether
it's
having
our
small
businesses,
act
as
suppliers
as
vendors
as
professional
service
providers.
And
yes,
we
also
have
technicians
and
individuals
that
may
have
scientific
backgrounds.
That
could
be
a
benefit
as
well.
T
A
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
evans,
and
certainly,
as
was
mentioned
earlier,
in
thanking
senator
spearman
for
her
service.
I
certainly
thank
you
for
your
service
to
our
country
and
fighting
overseas
and
putting
yourselves
in
harm's
way
to
defend
our
country
and
thank
you
for
representing
the
urban
chamber
today
in
support
of
this
bill.
A
M
Sorry,
mr
chair
and
charlotte's
difficult
zoom,
as
I'm
sure
you
have
it's
great,
I
wish
I
could
make
a
point
that.
L
We
can
add
about
some
of
the
work.
P
Thank
you
steven.
I
just
wanted
to
say
that
the
senator
has
been
extremely
proactive
in
actually
supporting
all
of
these
companies
that
are
here
today
to
expand
into
the
great
silver
state
and
bring
hydrogen
to
fruition.
I
thank
her
for
her
leadership.
I
mean
you've
heard
from
toyota
and
other
automakers,
and
she
has
been
working
very
closely
with
our
organization
to
ensure
that
all
of
the
things
that
need
to
be
in
place
will
be
in
place.
A
We
will
come
back
to
carson
city.
Thank
you
very
much
for
for
being
here
and
please
proceed.
A
Thank
you.
Thank
you
very
much,
mr
mcclinton.
Thank
you
for
your
patience.
Thank
you
for
supporting
your
speaking
in
support
of
this
measure.
We
appreciate
your
your
testimony.
Anyone
else
who
would
like
to
speak
in
support
of
senate
concurrent
resolution
10.
If
there's
anyone
I
missed
on
zoom,
please
please
say
something
make
sure
I
didn't
miss
anyone.
A
I
don't
see
anyone
else
in
the
committee
room
and
then
I'll
go
to
phone
lines
next,
and
if
I,
if
there's
no
one,
I've
missed
broadcasting.
If
we
can
go
to
the
phone
lines
in
support
of
senate
concurrent
resolution,
10
we're
loading
two
minutes
per
caller.
L
E
Good
afternoon,
chair
members
of
the
committee
for
the
record,
my
name
is
alexandria,
dazzlich
d-a-z-l-I
and
I'm
the
director
of
government
affairs
for
the
nevada
restaurant
association,
the
nevada
restaurant
association
is
here
today
in
support
of
scr
10..
The
nevada
restaurant
association
is
committed
to
taking
steps
to
combat
the
effects
of
climate
change
and
believes
this
bill
addresses
our
environmental
commitment.
E
We
believe
studying
the
implementation
of
hydrogen
and
lithium
as
an
alternative
energy
resource,
is
a
good
step
towards
developing
a
more
client,
climate-friendly
alternative
energy
option.
We
appreciate
senator
spearman
for
bringing
this
issue
to
the
committee
today
for
discussion
and
thank
you
for
your
time.
F
Thank
you
so
much
peter
guzman,
president
of
the
latin
chamber,
of
commerce,
first
and
foremost,
want
to
thank
senator
spearman
for
leading
this
effort.
This
is
so
exciting
and
listening
to
the
to
the
experts
and
the
testimony,
I'm
even
more
excited
scr10
provides
an
opportunity
for
the
state
to
study
the
development
of
hydrogen
resources
in
nevada,
a
low-carbon
fuel
that
can
be
blended
into
natural
gas
infrastructure
to
help
lower
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
F
That
alone
is
enough
to
be
excited
for,
but
when
you
include
that
we
can
actually
be
the
leaders
here
in
nevada
that
we
can
create
jobs,
create
opportunities
for
folks
in
this
in
this
clean
energy
realm,
it
is
extremely
exciting
to
us.
It's
the
reason
why
we
support
this
study
and
believe
it
is
a
critical
step
towards
a
decarbonized
future
and
opportunity
for
nevadans.
Thank
you
so.
L
L
L
M
M
I'm
an
application
specialist
for
ballard
power
systems
where
we,
along
with
other
experts
in
the
u.s
and
globally,
know
and
are
demonstrating
that
hydrogen
and
fuel
cells
are
an
ideal
solution
for
zero-emission.
Heavy
duty
applications,
including
truck
bus,
rail
and
maritime
fuel
cells,
are
zero
emission
solution.
Oxygen
and
hydrogen
are
combined
in
the
fuel
cell
to
produce
electricity
and
a
little
bit
of
heat
and
water
vapor.
M
They
meet
the
requirements
of
heavy-duty
applications.
They
refuel
quickly
carry
heavy
payloads,
have
long
range
between
refueling,
which
enables
high
utilization
and
additionally,
the
vehicles
are
quiet,
resulting
in
a
more
pleasant
experience
for
operators
and
neighbors
fuel
cells.
Vehicles
are
already
commercially
available,
transit
buses
and
cars
are
available
for
multiple
manufacturers
and
heavy
duty.
Trucks
will
be
commercially
available
before
2025.
M
First
trains
and
vessels
are
in
planning
now
regarding
hydrogen
there's
multiple
pathways
to
produce
it.
Some
are
zero
emission
and
result
in
zero
carbon
on
a
well-to-wheels
basis,
and
you
know
possibly
nevada
could
produce
green
hydrogen
from
your
domestic
and
winds
and
solar
resources.
So
I
fully
support
scr-10
as
a
good
step
leading
to
decarbonization
for
nevada.
L
M
K
e
t
I
b
b,
I
t
t
s
and
I'm
the
eureka
county
natural
resources
manager
representing
eureka
county.
So,
mr
chairman
members
of
the
committee,
thanks
for
the
opportunity
today,
eureka
county
supports
scr
10
and
the
study
to
work
out
some
of
the
supply
chain
factors
of
the
renewable
energy
equation
in
nevada.
M
We've
also
submitted
an
amendment
for
the
committee
and
sponsors
consideration,
and
this
amendment
would
add
vanadium
as
part
of
the
interim
study
upon
learning
the
bill
was
introduced.
Just
one
week
ago,
we've
tried
to
work
within
the
time
and
covet
constraints
to
connect
with
the
sponsor
and
others,
with
the
concept
of
a
cl,
including
vanadium
into
the
mix
and
we're
hoping
our
amendment
is
viewed
as
friendly
and
that's
our
intent.
M
M
In
the
usgs
professional
paper
1802-u,
the
usgs
recognizes
quote:
vanadium
is
becoming
more
widely
used
in
green
technology
applications,
especially
in
battery
technology
and
vanadium.
Redox
flow
batteries
or
vrb
are
a
major
potential
future
use
for
the
emerging
need
for
large-scale
electricity
storage
because
of
their
large-scale
storage
capacity.
Development
of
vrbs
could
prompt
increases
in
the
use
of
wind,
solar
and
other
renewable
intermittent
power
sources.
M
Lithium,
vanadium,
phosphate
batteries
produce
high
voltages
and
high
energy
to
weight
ratios,
which
which
make
them
ideal
for
use
in
electric
cars.
Again
we
do
support
scr,
10
and
hope.
The
committee
will
see
the
importance
of
including
vanadium
into
the
study
and
the
renewable
energy
equation.
Thank
you.
A
A
A
L
L
M
C-H-R-I-S-T-O-P-H-E-R-H-U-S-S-E-Y
and
I'm
a
resident
of
north
las
vegas,
eight
8903
run,
so
I'm
super
thankful
for
my
senator
spearman
for
bringing
this
bill
and
this
resolution
to
the
floor.
So
I
also
want
to
thank
the
committee
members
and
chairman
ocean
saul
for
considering
scr
10.,
I'm
here
representing
lancer
energy.
We
are
a
utah-based
company
and
pine
creek
power
company
is
also
utah-based,
we're
actively
pursuing
hydrogen
projects
in
nevada
and
see
nevada
as
a
critical
corridor
between
arizona,
california
and
utah.
M
In
the
expansion
of
hydrogen
as
a
transportation,
fuel
lancer
energy
is
looking
to
expand
our
operations
into
las
vegas
due
to
the
amount
of
abundant
solar
and
wind
projects,
and
also
with
the
low
cost
of
renewable
electricity.
We
believe
las
vegas
can
play
a
pivotal
role
in
the
production
of
green
hydrogen.
M
Green
hydrogen
offers
the
clearest
path
towards
reducing
emissions
in
the
medium
to
heavy-duty
vehicle
markets
and
as
an
alternative
for
peak
shaving
activities.
So
we
want
to.
I
want
to
thank
you
guys
also
for
taking
this
into
consideration,
and
we
are
at
support
of
scr
10.
and
thank
you
again.
Senator
spearman
for
your
service
to
the
country
and
also
to
me
as
a
resident.
I
appreciate
it.
Thank
you.
L
D
The
city
of
north
las
vegas,
the
city
of
north
las
vegas,
is
in
support
of
s
cr-10.
We
believe
that
studying
hydrogen
in
lithium
as
an
energy
resource
in
this
state
will
be
a
great
opportunity
to
provide
nevadans
with
greater
energy
choices,
create
good-paying
jobs
and
for
us
to
utilize
our
state's
natural
resources
even
more.
We
urge
the
support
and
passage
of
sbr
pin.
Thank
you.
L
H
E
Evening,
my
name
is
marie
steele
m-a-r-I-e-s-t-e-e-l-e,
and
I'm
here
today
to
testify
in
support
of
scr
10
on
behalf
of
nv
energy.
Thank
you
to
senator
spearman
care,
orangehall
vice
chair
lang
and
the
committee
for
bringing
this
opportunity
forward.
We
share
the
sponsors
and
presenters
enthusiasm
and
commitment
to
clean
energy
development
and
zero
emission
transportation.
E
I'll
keep
this
brief.
We
look
forward
to
the
opportunity
to
study
and
discuss
over
the
interim
how
hydrogen
and
lithium
can
further
benefit
the
people
of
nevada
and
our
economy
while
advancing
our
climate
goals.
Thank
you
again
for
your
time
this
evening.
That
concludes
enemy
energy's
testimony
in
support
of
scr.
E
L
F
L
E
Good
afternoon,
chairman
orange
hall
and
members
of
the
senate
committee
on
legislative
operations
and
elections,
my
name
is
nikki
bailey
lundell
and
I
k
k
I
b
a
I
l
e
y
hyphen
l-u-n-d-a-h-l,
the
government
affairs
manager
at
the
nevada
mining
association.
I'd
like
to
thank
the
bill
sponsor
senator
senator
spearman
for
this
innovative
piece
of
legislation
that
we
believe
will
further
position.
Nevada
as
a
global
weber
leader
in
the
emerging
green
economy,
as
fcr
10
identifies
nevada,
has
the
largest
lithium
prospect
in
the
united
states.
E
Nevada's
mining
industry
is
positioned
to
supply,
not
just
this
state
with
critical
minerals
necessary
to
achieving
energy
independence,
but
also
the
united
states
has
achieved
its
global
commitments
to
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
Supporting
the
development
of
both
of
these
critical
minerals
will
facilitate
economic
diversity.
Diversification
create
much-needed
workforce
development
opportunities
across
the
state,
promote
stem
fields
in
our
state
schools
and
universities
and
make
nevada
the
epicenter
of
emerging
green
economy
in
the
united
states.
The
nevada
mining
association
urges
your
support
of
fcr-10.
Thank
you.
L
M
Good
evening,
chair
and
members
of
the
committee,
my
name
is
jared
simek
j-a-r-e-d-s-e-m-I-k,
I'm
the
chief
executive
officer
of
eternium
airspace
and
I'm
here
to
testify
to
testify
in
support
of
scr-10
in
the
pursuance
the
hydrogen
economy.
M
According
to
our
research
and
development
efforts,
hydrogen
can
be
produced
in
unlimited
quantities
using
only
the
ambient
energy
of
the
sun,
wind,
geothermal
and
hydraulic
energy,
which
in
one
form
another
available
across
the
entire
planet.
Unlike
hydrocarbon
fuel,
which
is
harvested
in
limited
terrestrial
reserves
requiring
access
or
control
over
said,
reserves
lending
to
a
host
of
geopolitical
and
economic
difficulties,
the
capacity
of
our
energy
to
be
harvested
from
any
water
source
and
a
local
source
of
ambient
energy
creates
the
potential
for
true
energy
independence,
not
only
of
a
strategic
military
but
economic
importance.
M
Additionally,
hydrogen
does
not
require
separate
resources
for
harvesting
and
refining,
as
does
petroleum,
not
only
reducing
the
complexity
of
the
infrastructure
but
orders
of
magnitude
by
orders
of
magnitude,
but
allowing
for
on-demand
and
on-location
production,
further
reducing
costs
and
difficulties
associated
with
trans
transported
fuel.
M
L
L
L
F
F
F
The
other
thing
I
wanted
to
comment
that
I
I
really
appreciated
with
this
legislation
was
that
it
is
technology
agnostic
and
it
is
putting
forth
both
battery
electric
and
hydrogen-based
technologies
for
examination.
M
Which
is
really
important
because
a
lot
of
legislation.
F
I
do
see
is,
is
very
special
interest
driven
and
not
really
for
the
best
interest
of
kind
of
the
strategic
goals
of
the
ecosystem.
So
thank
you
for
the
contribution
and-
and
I
heartily
support
this-
this.
M
L
A
Thank
you
very
much
broadcasting
I'll
now
go
to
opposition
on
senate
concurrent
resolution
10..
I
don't
see
anyone
here
in
the
room
in
carson
city
in
the
hearing
room,
so
broadcasting.
If
we
can
go
to
the
phone
lines,
anyone
who
wants
to
speak
in
opposition
to
senate
concurrent
resolution,
10.
we're
allotting
two
minutes
per
caller.
L
L
A
Thank
you
and
now
we'll
go
to
neutral
on
the
measure.
Anyone
who
wants
to
speak
neutral,
two
minutes
per
caller,
there's
no
one
here
in
the
committee
room,
so
we'll
go
broadcasting
to
the
phone
lines.
L
M
Thank
you,
mr
chairman
and
members
of
the
committee
for
the
record.
My
name
is
kyle
davis,
kyle
davis
and
I
appear
tonight
on
behalf
of
the
nevada
conservation
league.
The
nevada
conservation
league
is
neutral
on
scr
10,
as
we
do
not
have
opinion
whether
the
subject
matter
is
an
appropriate
topic
for
the
legislative
on
committee
on
energy
to
study.
We
did
want
to
note
a
few
items
for
the
committee's
information,
though
lithium
and
hydrogen
are
certainly
important
components
to
our
state's
clean
energy
future
as
we
reduce
our
carbon
emissions
to
meet
our
state's
climate
goals.
M
That
being
said,
it's
important
to
understand
that
hydrogen,
specifically
green
hydrogen,
presents
an
opportunity
to
decarbonize
hard
to
decarbonize
sectors
such
as
aviation
marine
shipping,
steel,
making
and
long
distance
trucking.
There
is
a
growing
body
of
research
in
this
area
and
nearly
all
studies
have
found
that
it
does
not
make
sense
to
use
green
hydrogen
in
places
where
direct
use
of
renewable
energy
is
available.
Specifically,
it
makes
much
more
sense,
economically
and
environmentally,
to
electrify,
home
space,
heating
and
cooking
with
renewable
energy
than
to
replace
methane
gas
with
hydrogen.
M
M
L
H
I
want
to
first
thank
senator
spearman
for
introducing
this
resolution.
It's
vitally
important
that
our
state
does
its
due
diligence
and
studying
how
lithium
extraction
and
application
will
impact
our
state
going
forward
and
why
we
understand
this
metals
importance
and
the
advancement
of
electric
potential
of
electric
vehicles
and
large-scale
energy
storage.
It's
also
important
to
acknowledge
and
minimize
the
potential
impacts
of
the
state's
limited
water
resources
to
wildlife,
their
habitats
and
communities.
H
The
study
can
improve
how
well
mines
for
lithium
and
other
minerals
are
permitted
to
minimize
their
negative
impacts.
The
energy
transition
needs
to
be
more
than
technology
technological,
though
it
also
needs
to
consider
how
we
develop
and
deploy
these
technologies.
Finally,
mining
inherently
disproportionately
affects
certain
communities
and
the
environment.
The
transition
process
and
the
legislative
study
needs
to
recognize
this
reality.
As
our
state
transitions
to
100
renewable
energy
by
2050,
looking
at
options
like
hydrogen,
while
taking
into
account
any
consequences
needed
for
this
technology
will
also
be
extremely
important.
H
With
this
in
mind,
we
urge
the
study
to
consider
the
use
of
green
hydrogen
that
is
produced
by
clean
energy.
Sierra
club
is
opposed
to
hydrogen
that
would
extend
the
life
cycle
of
fossil
fuels
in
nevada.
We
are
testifying
in
neutral
stance
today
due
to
these
and
a
few
other
factors
we
believe
are
missing
from
the
resolution,
as
it's
currently
written,
as
many
have
mentioned
before.
H
The
demand
for
these
resources
will
increase
significantly
significantly
over
the
next
five
to
ten
years,
and
while
hydrogen
may
be
an
infinite
resource,
lithium
definitely
is
not,
and
its
supply
is
actually
its
demand
is
supposed
to
exceed
supply
and
as
early
as
2025..
H
So
specifically,
we
urge
the
committee
to
add
language
for
the
parameters
of
the
study
to
include
lithium
battery
recycling,
including
how
batteries
can
be
designed
for
reuse
and
recycling,
free
prior
informed
consent
based
mining
and
considerations
for
air
and
water
quality
due
to
future
lithium
and
hydrogen
projects.
In
addition,
the
bill
should
include
provisions
guaranteeing
that
the
study
will
allow
for
and
include
input
from
environmental
activists,
social
justice
groups
and
impacted
communities.
Thank
you
again,
chair
and
members
of
the
committee
for
hearing
this
important
resolution
and
for
the
opportunity
to
speak
today.
L
M
This
is
patrick
donnelly.
It's
d-o-n-n-e-l-l-y,
I'm
nevada
state
director
with
the
center
for
biological
diversity.
Thank
you,
mr
chair
and
members
of
the
committee,
and
thank
you
senator
spearman,
for
bringing
the
bill.
I'm
speaking
to
you
today
in
neutral
on
this
bill,
with
a
request
for
an
amendment
to
include
an
examination
of
the
environmental
impacts
of
lithium
production.
M
M
It's
important
to
note
because
there's
time
sensitivity
to
the
renewable
energy
transition
and
if
your
goal
is
to
rapidly
develop
lithium
resources
than
choosing
to
cite
mines
in
the
same
places,
endangered
species
or
on
the
ancestral
lands
of
local
indigenous
populations
like
attack
or
pass
it's
a
really
bad
way
to
produce
lithium
quickly.
Both
the
rhyolite
ridge,
mine
and
the
sacropass
mine
will
be
tied
up
in
litigation
for
years,
because
they
are
poor
places
to
mine
lithium.
M
That's
why
we
can
only
support
this
study
if
it
includes
a
robust
analysis
of
the
environmental
impacts
of
lithium
mining
and
production
mining
companies
shouldn't
be
the
ones
deciding
where
we
mine,
lithium
they're,
going
to
be
making
billions
of
it.
The
state
environmental
regulators
and
communities
and
scientists
should
all
have
input
on
where
lithium
production
occurs
and
ultimately,
we
must
reject
proposals
like
the
rhyolite
ridge
mine,
which
drives
species
to
extinction.
M
It's
essential
that
any
study
on
the
future
of
lithium
production
in
nevada
include
a
component
focusing
on
avoiding
and
minimizing
the
environmental
impacts
of
such
production,
including
a
large-scale
spatial
planning
exercise.
We
look
forward
to
seeing
any
possible
amendments
for
this
bill.
Thank
you.
L
L
L
L
F
F
F
There
is
broad
consensus
that
green
hydrogen
and
that's
the
hydrogen
that
is
produced
from
renewable
electricity
and
water.
There's
broad
consensus
that
green
hydrogen
will
be
needed
to
avoid
even
more
dangerous
climate
change
by
helping
us
achieve
a
net
zero
emissions
global
economy
by
mid-century.
F
That's
because
green
hydrogen
can
potentially
fill
in
in
places
in
the
economy
where
using
renewable
electricity
directly
is
not
a
great
option.
So
examples
of
those
places,
as
my
colleague
mr
davis
mentioned,
are
aviation
marine
shipping,
steel,
making
long
distance
trucking
as
well
as
low
hanging
fruit
existing
applications
where
we
already
use
hydrogen
made
from
natural
gas
like
in
refineries
and
chemical
plants,
to
the
essence
that
we're
going
to
have
green
hydrogen
supportive
policy
in
nevada.
It
needs
to
ensure
that
efforts
are
focused
on
places
where
the
business
and
climate
case
for
hydrogen
are
strongest.
F
F
Also
there
are.
This
is
the
second
big
caveat.
There
are
a
lot
of
varieties
of
hydrogen.
Almost
all
the
hydrogen
produced
in
the
u.s
is
made
from
natural
gas,
the
fossil
fuel
so
producing
this
hydrogen
releases
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
At
the
point
where
it's
made
just
like
burning
that
gas
would
any
policy
effort
needs
to
be
really
clear
about
what
type
of
hydrogen
we
are
talking
about?
F
I'm
testifying
in
neutral
today
because,
like
like
mr
davis
from
the
conservation
league,
I
don't
have
an
opinion
about
whether
the
legislative
committee
on
energy
should
investigate
this
topic.
F
I'll
note
that
the
nevada
climate
initiative
may
be
a
good
place
to
investigate
some
of
these
issues
around
hydrogen.
It's
an
existing
public
process
where
the
state
is
looking
broadly
at
how
to
meet
state
climate
goals.
With
that,
all
in
my
testimony,
thank
you
for
the
opportunity
to
speak.
L
D
Good
evening
my
name
is
chelsea
hand
c-h-e-l-s-y-h-a-n-d,
I'm
the
outreach
and
program
coordinator
of
great
basin
resource
watch,
which
is
a
nevada-based
public
interest
organization
and
we're
testifying
on
as
neutral
on
sdr
10.
gprw
supports
what
we
understand
as
the
intent
of
this
resolution,
to
develop
a
plan
to
achieve
the
goals
from
the
2019
nevada
legislature
and
senate
bill
358
incorporated
into
the
nrf.
However,
this
is
not
stated
in
the
text
of
the
resolution.
D
Rather,
the
resolution
reads
to
support
specific
technologies
that
could
potentially
assist
in
achieving
the
unspoken
intent
the
parameters
outlined
in
the
resolution
for
the
legislative
study,
in
our
view,
are
too
narrow
in
focus
in
line
with
the
intent
of
the
resolution.
The
following
should
be
specified
one
that
both
environmental
and
economic
justice
analysis
of
various
approaches
to
achieving
the
mrs
goals,
including
the
disproportionate
effects
of
communities
in
their
environment
from
lithium
and
other
mining.
D
D
The
energy
transition
needs
to
be
more
than
technological,
but
also
in
how
we
develop
and
deploy
these
technologies.
Mining
inherently
disproportionately
affects
certain
communities
in
their
environment.
The
transition
process
needs
to
be
sensitive
to
this
reality.
We
do
appreciate
senator
spearman's
leadership
in
moving
nevada
towards
a
concrete
plan
to
address
climate
change
in
a
just
way.
Thank
you
so
much
for
the
opportunity
to
speak.
L
H
H
It's
also
a
critical
resource
for
transportation,
electrification
and
increasing
the
relative
proportion
of
zev
vehicles,
including
evs,
will
reduce
nevada's
tail
type
ghc
emissions.
The
development
of
the
cv
infrastructure
is
one
of
goe's
key
program
areas.
Finally,
should
the
study
proceed?
Goe
would
be
happy
to
provide
input.
Thank
you
again
for
the
opportunity
to
speak
on
a
c
par
10
and
goe
is
available
as
a
resource
or
for
any
questions.
A
A
P
Thank
you
so
much
senator
spearman,
yes,
a
roxanna
beck,
muhammadi,
there's
just
too
many
syllables,
but
yes,
so
green
hydrogen
in
europe.
There
has
been
this
beautiful,
color
spectrum
that
they've
come
up
with
and
we
love
the
europeans,
but
I
wouldn't
say
that
we
should
adopt
that
kind
of
terminology
in
the
states.
To
be
honest,
there
has
been
a
misuse
of
the
term.
I
really
like
to
just
go
and
refer
to
renewable
hydrogen,
so
it
means
that
it
would
be
coming
from
renewable
feedstocks.
P
There
were
some
comments
that
were
made
a
little
earlier
that
I
thought
was
also
pretty
important
for
me
to
address,
which
is
the
fact
that,
as
an
engineer,
I
want
to
warn
all
of
all
of
the
policy
makers
here
to
really
really
value.
Redundancy
redundancy
is
so
important
with
all
of
these
extreme
climate
events
with
even
energy
security
threats
like
north
korea,
possibly
you
know
getting
into-
are
having
access
to
our
electric
grid.
We
certainly
do
want
some
redundancy
with
the
natural
gas
system,
be
it
with
renewable
natural
gas,
renewable
hydrogen.
P
I
think
that
we
really
truly
need
to
make
sure
that
we
do
not
put
all
our
eggs
into
just
the
grid,
because
when
the
grid
goes
down
and
it
is
going
down-
and
you
see
it
happening
in
so
many
states
for
various
reasons,
what
are
you
going
to
rely
on
and
so
again
this
is
an
issue
that
we
need
to
study
and
I
think
it's
really
important
to
evaluate
nevada's
resources
and
think
about
what
renewable
hydrogen,
what
kind
of
renewable
hydrogen
makes
the
most
sense.
P
First
of
all,
I
will
say
that
you
can
use
biogas
to
produce
renewable
hydrogen
and
the
statements
that
were
made
earlier-
that's
not
actually
true.
Co2
is
recycled
in
that
in
the
carbon
cycle.
It
can
also
be
sequestered,
and
I
will
want
to
actually
make
a
cute
point,
so
I
apologize
but
vegans
even
produce
biogas.
As
long
as
you
have
humans
on
this
earth,
you
will
be
producing
biogas
anywhere
and
everywhere.
P
I
can't
say
that
we
have
the
same
situation
with
water,
so
I
would
want
to
be
careful
about
always
pushing
for
electrolytic
hydrogen,
which
is
sometimes
mis.
There's
the
misnomers
really
that
it's
green
hydrogen-
I
I
wouldn't.
I
wouldn't
recommend
that,
and
I
I
say
that
humbly
so
again.
I
think
that
it
is
important
to
study
this,
which
is
the
whole
point
of
this
resolution.
Also,
I
do
want
to
say
something
with
respect
to
equity.
P
The
green
lining
institute
has
recognized
the
fact
that,
well,
you
know
there
are
certain
nationalities
that
actually
like
to
use
gas
for
for
their
cooking
and
actually
using
an
electric
stove
takes
that
away
from
them.
P
So
there
are
equity
components
here
that
aren't
truly
understood,
and
I
really
do
want
to
encourage
you
all:
go
ahead,
build
a
bunch
of
chargers
and
all
the
electric
infrastructure
and
substations
that
you
would
need
to
do
for
your
transit
fleets
and
heavy
duty
fleets,
and
I
beg
to
see
what
happens
in
a
scenario
like
that
it
is
unbelievably
expensive.
You
will
certainly
have
a
lot
of
problems
with
that,
so
I
would
like
to
just
say:
there's
a
lot
of
different
ways
to
produce
renewable
hydrogen.
I
wouldn't
be
close
to
it.
P
A
A
N
Thank
you.
Thank
you,
mr
chair
and
committee,
for
your
indulgence
and
I
think
the
the
array,
the
diversity
and
the
array
of
comments
both
in
support.
I
don't
think
we
had
anyone
in
opposition,
but
those
that
were
in
neutral.
I
think,
really
punctuate
the
need
for
a
study,
and
there
were
several
things,
several
several
areas
that
were
mentioned.
N
That
may
not
be
in
the
explicit
in
the
study,
but
that's
why
you
see
and
other
technologies,
and
I
think
that
assuming
I
think
that
lcb
was
able
to
able
to
put
together
a
real,
quick
mock-up
that
will
make
it
clear
that
we're
not
just
talking
about
these
two
but
we're
talking
about
everything.
N
As
I
said
in
my
opening
remarks,
we
have
passed
since
1996
1997
and
I
think
rosemary
kenny
james,
I
don't
know
she's
she's
still
gone
or
not,
but
I
think
those
have
been
around
for
for
a
minute
since
that
time,
randolph
townsend,
we
had
a
real
long
talk
about
things
of
this
nature
in
2017,
and
I
worked
very
very
closely
with
all
of
the
environmental
groups
that
testified
today
when
we
were
skinny
advocating
for
more
solar
and
more
green
and
clean
energy.
N
So
I
just
want
to
be
clear
with
everybody.
This
is
not
saying
this
is
something
we're
going
to
do,
but
I
think
it
is
important
that
we
study
it.
We
have
2023
25
27
and
when
we
come
back
when
the
legislature
meets
in
february
of
2029,
that
will
be
10
months
before
the
2030
50
is
supposed
to
be
reached,
and
what
we've
not
done
well
is
to
step
back
and
say:
what
do
we
have
here
in
nevada?
N
What
can
we
use?
How
can
we
use
it?
How
long
can
we
use
it?
The
cba?
What's
the
cost
benefit
analysis,
and
that's
not
just
money?
That's
we
talked
about.
I
think
I
said
this
in
my
opening
testing
when
you
talk
about
health
care,
we're
talking
about
economics,
we're
talking
about
a
number
of
different
different
areas,
and
if
we
don't
study
these
things,
then
to
be
sure
in
27
and
29
stuff
will
be
happening
to
us.
We
only
have
120
days
every
other
year,
120
days
every
other
year.
N
N
If
we
do
not
do
this
study
and-
and
I
appreciate
all
of
the
comments
and
all
of
those
things
have
been
taken
into
consideration,
that
was
one
of
the
reasons
I
wanted
to
have
the
the
meeting
with
the
environmental
groups,
because
we
were
so
pressed
to
try
to
get
all
of
the
other
bills
out.
N
We
did
not
have
an
opportunity
to
get
this
particular
bill
out,
except
for
within
the
last
two
weeks,
because
our
lcb
staff
has
been
busy
not
just
writing
bills,
but
those
of
you
who
are
legislators
know
that
every
time
we
say
there's
got
to
be
an
amendment,
they'll
do
a.
They
may
do
a
a
conceptual,
but
then
they
have
to
go
back
and
do
the
mock-up.
So
they
have.
N
They
have
been
what
I
call
elbows
in
the
air
trying
to
make
sure
that
all
the
amendments,
all
the
bills
and
all
the
amendments
get
out
to
include
those
amendments
that
are
still
coming
from
different
committee
meetings.
So
the
amendment
that
we
we
will
have
coming
will
will
be
explicit
about.
This
is
a
study.
N
No
one.
Let
me
say
that
again,
no
one
and
no
thing
is
included
is
is
excluded
from
this
study
and
I
would
invite
everyone
who
has
major
concerns,
minor
concerns
or
any
concerns
at
all.
I
would
invite
you
that
once
we
we
get
going
on
putting
together
what
the
study
team
will
look
like,
I
would
invite
you
to
come
aboard
because
we
need
all
voices.
N
But
if
we
don't
study-
and
I
think
that's-
I
think-
that's
what's
happened
to
us
so
far-
we've
not
we've
not
been
real
intentional
about
studying
what
this
looks
like
I
I
would.
I
would
encourage
you
and
I
can
get
the
link
for
you.
I
would
encourage
you,
not
just
committee
members,
but
anyone
who's
listening,
I'd,
encourage
you
all
to
look
at
what
new
york
did
with
their
rev
renewable
energy
vision.
They
took
the
time
to
say
what
do
we
have
in
new
york?
What
do
we
want
to
use?
N
N
That's
what
I
did
my
doctoral
research
on
global
energy
policy
and
the
competitive
edge
of
the
competitive
advantage
that
it
gives
skinny
to
those
businesses
who
will
who
will
use
those
concepts.
This
is
a
study
again.
This
is
a
study.
N
We
can't
include
everything
in
the
study,
but
when
you
see
the
phrase
up
to
and
without
limitation,
that
means
that
the
study
can
go
wherever
the
research
leads
them,
and
so
nothing
is
off
the
table.
But
if
we
don't
do
this
study
we're
going
to
continue
every
session
every
session,
we're
going
to
have
some
more
energy
bills,
more
energy
bills,
more
energy
bills,
but
it's
it's!
It's
like
a
quilt
and
and
and
a
quilt
is
a
patchwork.
N
It's
you
know
nothing
wrong
with
the
bills
that
we're
passing,
but
what
I'm
advocating
for
the
reason
we
need
to
do
this
study
is,
we
have
to
know
the
direction
in
which
we
are
going.
We
have
to
know,
we've
got
to
make
sure,
and
I
think
that's
what
I
said
in
senate
bill
254
is,
you
know,
was
all
about.
N
Let's
look
at
the
policies
are:
are
they
leading
us
to
where
we
said?
We
want
to
be
in
2050,
I
don't
know
that
they
are
right
now.
I
don't
know
that
they
aren't.
Why,
because
we've
not
evaluated
how
all
of
the
things
that
we've
passed
independently
independently
in
the
senate,
independently
in
the
sen
in
the
assembly,
sometimes
joint
resolution,
sometimes
concurrent
resolution,
but
we
passed
all
of
those
independently
and
I've
not
heard
since
I've
been
in
in
this
body.
N
I've
not
heard
any
bill
that
starts
with
this
will
get
us
to
where
we
want
to
be
in
2050..
Please
do
not
hear
that
as
castigation
of
my
colleagues
or
impugning
what
my
intentions
were.
That
is
not
what
I'm
saying.
What
I
am
saying
is
that
up
until
this
point,
I
don't
know
that
we
have
collectively
and
that's
legislature-
that's
executive.
I
mean
that's,
that's
environmental!
That's
economic!
That's
industry!
Everybody!
We've
not
come
together
to
say
how
do
we
get
there?
N
It's
like
saying
we
want
to
go
to
chicago
and
then
you're
trying
to
say.
Well,
you
got
a
car.
No,
I
have
a
car,
you
got
a
bus
ticket.
No,
I
have
a
bus.
Stick,
you
got
a
plane
ticket.
I
don't
have
a
plane
ticket
well,
how
are
we
going
to
get
there
so
all
of
the
goals
and
things
that
we
we
have
right
now
with
the
legislation?
All
of
that
is
beautiful.
N
It
is
wonderful,
but
we
do
not
know
how
all
of
those
things
will
work
together
to
get
us
where
to
get
us
where
we're
supposed
to
be
by
2030
or
by
2050
or
even
beyond
or
even
beyond,
and
I
think
about
you
know
one
one
of
the
things
that
the
conundrum
that
we
are
in
is
the
fact
that
everybody
and
I'm
pretty
sure,
even
people
who
called
in
with
you
calling
for
support
or
in
opposition
or
neutral
everybody
probably
had
that
handheld
computer
and
the
handheld
computer
has
lithium
in
it.
N
I
don't
know
what
we
would
do
without
it,
our
computers,
our
laptops,
have
lithium
and
the
cameras
and
things
that
we
use
have
lithium
in
it.
We've
been
pressing
and
pushing
for
the
adoption
of
more
evs.
All
of
those
are
lithium
batteries.
Now
the
university
of
san
diego
has
come
up
with
a
way
to
to
recycle
them.
That
is
better
for
the
environment,
because
they're
not
thrown
away
they're,
simply
recycled
and
repurposed.
N
So
I
mean
that's
one
of
the
areas
that
the
study
can
look
at,
but
if
we
continue
to
go
down
the
road,
we
are
right
now
simply
saying
we're
going
to
use
all
solar
we're,
not
we're
going
to
put
this
off
the
table.
We're
going
to
put
that
off
the
table.
There
are
a
number
of
areas
number
of
things
about
solar
that
25
years
ago.
N
N
We
will
not
have
time
to
go
back
and
make
an
elaborate
amendment,
but
you
will
see
in
there-
and
please
refer
to
this-
testimony
refer
to
what
I'm
saying
if
you,
if,
if
you
see
the
study
getting
off
course
and
not
abiding
by
what
we
said,
what
we've
said
during
this
hearing,
it
will
entail.
Please
remind
us
again,
go
back
to
to
this
hearing.
Pull
up,
pull
up
the
the
youtube
and
and
show
us.
N
This
is
what
you
said,
because
if
we
don't
get
started
and
like
I
said,
we
can't
do
an
elaborate,
elaborate
mockup,
because
we
just
don't
have
the
time
all
of
these
bills
have
got
to
be
out
of
committee
and
by
the
14th
and
then
out
of
second
house
by
the
22nd,
so
the
words
up
to,
but
not
limited
or.
However,
that
phrase
goes.
That
includes
a
lot
of
things
I
would
just
encourage.
I
would
encourage
people
whatever
your
argument
was
for.
N
Please
participate
whatever
your
argument
was
against.
Please
participate
whatever
argument,
your
whatever
your
argument
was
in
neutral,
please
participate,
and-
and
I
just
I
want
to
comment
on
something
that
I
think
roxanna
just
kind
of
hit
on,
and
I
think
ken
evans
mentioned
it,
but
I
don't
know
that
he
elaborated
one
of
the
things.
That's
happened
as
we
move
towards
a
more
clean
and
green
world.
N
Is
that
bipod
communities,
even
even
though
we
know
that
there's
some
things
we
have
to
make
sure
happen
when
we're
creating
energy
so
that
it
doesn't
destroy
them
as
of
right.
Now
there
are
very
few
people
in
the
bipap
community
who
have
participated
in
earnest
with
the
studies
in
terms
of
how
do
we
grow
this?
How
what
does
this
look
like?
What
does
renewable
energy
look
like
if
you,
if
you
would
call
together,
50
executives
right
now
for
solar?
N
N
When
we
talk
about
study,
that's
what
we're
doing
consider
this
a
research
project
and-
and
you
go
where
the
research
leads
on
the
other
side
of
this,
it
is
my
hope
that
all
of
the
things
that
we
know
right
now
would
be
a
detriment
to
the
environment.
It
is
my
hope
that
we've
looked
out
to
see
where,
where
technology
is
coming
along
and
innovation
is
coming
along,
that
will
mitigate
or
eliminate
that,
and
we
have
to
do
that.
We
have
to
do
that.
This
is
a
study.
It
is
a
study.
N
Everyone
is
invited
to
please
participate
and-
and
do
so
you
know
as
earnestly
and
as
vociferously
as
you
have
supported
as
you
have
opposed
or,
as
you
have
stated
in
in
neutral
everybody
in
the
environmental
community
knows
how
hard
I
have
fought
for
renewable
energy
and
to
make
sure
that
we
protect
the
environment.
Okay,
those
bonafides
have
not
diminished.
N
My
commitment
to
that
has
not
diminished,
but
what
has
increased
is
the
fact
that
if
we
don't
buckle
down
and
study
this
23
25
and
27
80
of
the
people
who
are
here
right
now,
I
think
on
the
dice
right
now.
I
think,
probably
probably
one
of
the
only
people
that
will
be
here
in
2030
is
senator
senator
lane.
N
A
Thank
you
senator
spearman.
I
appreciate
your
leadership
in
the
renewable
energy
area
and
I
personally
know
how
inclusive
you
are
of
all
stakeholders
and
how
much
you
want
every
voice
to
be
heard
and
no
voice
to
be
muted.
So
I
I
appreciate
your
work
on
this
bill
and
appreciate
you
being
here
at
the
slate.
N
Bad
actors
have
poked
our
grid.
They
they
have.
There
has
been
some
intrusions
into
our
grid
that
ought
to
scare
us
and
set
our
hair
on
fire,
because
that
means
that
there
are
people
who
do
not
like
us
do
not
like
us
that
have
the
ability,
if
they
go
into
the
grid,
if
they
were
able
to
if
they
were
able
to
compromise
the
grid
once
or
twice.
That
means
that
they
can
do
it
again
at
their
own
under
their
own
volition.
N
This
study
is
also
important
for
that,
because
all
of
the
things
that
we're
doing,
if,
if
someone
was
to
come
in
and
compromise
the
grid
right
now,
everything
right
now
would
be
would
go
dark.
Everything
would
go
dark.
What
are
we
going
to
do?
We've
got
to
have
a
study
because
it
is
also
a
part
of
our
national
security.
A
Process.
Thank
you
very
much.
Senator
spearman
appreciate
your
presenting
senate
concurrent
resolution.
10.
appreciate
your
passion
on
this
issue.
I
will
now
close
the
hearing
on
senate
concur
resolution
10
and
the
last
item
on
our
agenda
is
public
comment.
I
don't
see
anyone
here
in
the
hearing
room
in
carson
city,
so
broadcasting.
If
we
we
can
go
to
the
phone
lines.
Public
comment
we're
allowing
two
minutes
per
caller.