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From YouTube: Applications of 3D Printing in Construction
Description
Summary: 3D printing is now being widely used to print small plastic, 3-dimensional objects from digital files. A large number of useful household objects can already be printed, but extending the scope of 3D printing to larger objects and different materials can have a significant impact on local production of building materials, including the shells of houses themselves. For the case of the Seed Eco-Home, we are particularly interested in 3D printing of multiwall, polycarbonate glazing for the Aquaponic Greenhouse, plumbing parts, and even fence posts - all of which can be printed from commonly-available, recycled plastic. This provides new opportunities to close material cycles using local manufacturing. The cost savings for the Seed Eco-Home can be in the thousands of dollars. This webinar covers these opportunities - including the production rates possible using widely-available, open source technology. We will also cover the current 3D printer development of OSE, and how this is intended to contribute to the next build of the Seed Eco-Home.
The presentation for the above webinar is found at http://opensourceecology.org/wiki/Applications_of_3D_Printing_in_Construction
Find our more about the webinars at http://opensourceecology.org/wiki/OBI_Webinars#Signing_Up
Do you want to contribute to this work as an OSE Developer? We are building dedicated working teams - take a minute to see our 2017 Invitation - http://opensourceecology.org/wiki/OSE_Developers
Take a minute to subscribe to our email newsletter (updates, workshops, etc): http://bit.ly/1LtcM44
A
Welcome
everybody,
as
this
is
loading
welcome
to
OB,
I,
open
building,
Institute
webinar
number,
nine
on
the
applications
of
3d
printing
to
construction
and,
in
particular,
the
construction
of
the
CD
go
home
as
there's
a
lot
of
unique
applications.
We
do
use
3d
printing
for
so
open
building
institute
is
a
crowdsourced
effort,
open
source
effort
to
make
affordable
ecological
housing,
widely
accessible,
building
upon
the
work
of
OSC,
the
machine
building
work
up
to
building
of
applying
the
machines
to
build
housing.
A
This
is
our
build
from
2016
a
proud
result
where
we
built
a
1,400
square
foot
structure
in
five
days
with
50
people
and
then
another
five
days
for
the
greenhouse
with
50
more
people.
This
is
the
floor
plan
in
general.
What
we
have
right
now-
and
I
put
this
micro
factory
in
here
up
to
the
north,
which
doesn't
exist
yet
it's
not
built.
We
do
have
the
utility
room,
the
main
structure
and
the
aquaponics,
but
the
micro
factories.
A
In
addition,
where,
if
we
talk
about
3d
printing,
hey,
why
don't
we
set
up
a
little
3d
printing
cluster
right
in
our
home,
such
that
we
can
combine
the
productivity,
the
natural
ecosystems
and
small
scale
manufacturing
all
in
one?
So
what's
a
3d
printer,
let's
get
into
this,
and
why
is
it
so
important?
It's
a
device
that
typically
the
way
3d
printers
are
known
today
is
devices
that
they
typically
work
on
plastic.
A
A
This
is
the
3d
printer
in
construction
I
mean
the
3d
printer
applies
to
so
many
different
things:
the
same
kind
of
technology,
basically
a
robot,
robotic
XYZ
axis
with
a
tool
head
computer-controlled
where
you
can
feed
it
any
kind
of
program
and
you
design
a
structure
to
do
anything
like,
for
example,
house,
printing,
a
big
big
3d
printer,
like
here,
you
see
with
the
nozzle
laying
out
these
wall
patterns
here
by
a
Chinese
company.
Look
at
that.
We
thought
we
were
great
with
the
seed
eco-home
build
in
five
days.
A
Well,
these
guys
build
ten
houses
in
a
single
day,
so
the
promise
there
is,
of
course,
the
speed
because
you've
got
the
automation.
One
of
the
things
I've
heard
about
this
is
that,
if
you're
working
with
cement,
so
we
use
instead
of
melting
plastic,
you're,
just
extruding
cement
through
the
tool
head
layout
patterns
like
this,
what
I
see
there,
I
think,
is
mesh.
I
guess
to
keep
this
from
cracking.
It
looks
like
metal
mesh
in
there,
but
how
3d
printing
is
a
it's
happened.
How
relevant
is
is
well,
you
can
print
out
of
mud.
A
It's
kind
of
more
marched
like
it
like
we
do
competitors
block.
This
is
a
huge,
huge,
3d
print.
Look
at
this
precise
for
the
scale
there
I
mean
this
thing
is
like
what
is
it
like:
20
meters
or
so
tall
little
people
down
below,
and
it's
a
it's
an
it's
Delta
configuration
printer
with
those
three
long
arms
that
move
into
any
kind
of
geometry.
Here:
they're,
building
this
Hut
out
of
mud,
butt,
3d
printers
can
print
also
all
types
of
other
other
materials.
A
Like
there's
initial
experiments
on
the
open
source,
3d,
printing
and
metal
by
our
friends
from
Michigan
Tech
University,
you
can
do
things
like
print
3d,
3d
print,
cordless
drill
bodies
or
just
about
anything
any
small
or
medium
scale
structure.
It's
all
doable
an
advantage
of
being
that
you
can
print
out
as
complex
as
the
geometry.
As
you
can
imagine.
So
that's
good
now,
cordless
drills
I
mean
the
promise.
A
One
of
the
promises
that
we
like
in
terms
of
3d
printing
is
some
of
the
environmental
aspects,
because
if
you
can
take
the
plastic,
you
can
rimmel
tit.
These
are
we're
talking
about
thermoplastics
things
that
could
be
once
used
up
or
you
don't
throw
this
drill
away.
You
grind
it
down
into
the
plastic.
You
you
make
filament
again
and
you
riri
extrude
again
for
a
complete
closed
loop
on
the
chimp
on
the
the
chain
of
plastics,
still
plastics,
all
going
into
the
waste
stream
and
polluting
the
earth.
You
can
reuse
them
forever.
A
It
can
make
it,
for
example,
an
all
plastic
3d
printer,
if
you
like,
but
it's
more
effective
with
with
metal,
of
course,
to
use
both
plastic
and
metal.
What
idea
is
that
you
reprap
stands
for
red
replicating,
rapid
prototyper,
so
reprap,
very
nice
idea
and
literally
the
entire
three
home
scale.
Consumers
3d
printer
industry
has
been
started
by
the
reprap
project,
including
the
three
of
the
largest
companies
in
the
world
that
do
that
today,
ulta
maker
there's
there
was
oh.
A
There
was
also
the
story
of
MakerBot,
which
used
to
be
the
largest
3d
printer
company
in
the
world
that
so
which
was
based
on
this
open-source
printer,
but
that
one
that
then,
when
proprietary
but
a
whole
industry,
a
huge
market,
is
growing
on
this.
The
the
market
value
of
the
3d
printing
is
about
500
million
per
year
right
now,
and
it's
doubling
every
year
right
now.
So
it's
a
big
deal
and
for
that
reason
we
think
3d
printing
is
important.
A
Back
back
in
history,
I
included
the
3d
printer
as
one
of
the
critical
tools
because
of
its
robust
power
to
do
a
lot
of
different
things.
I'll
talk
more
about
that,
but
for
us
the
three
printer
leads
to
construction.
Actually,
in
a
couple
of
ways,
one
you
can
print
various
building
materials
now
to
get
into
that
or
you
can
build
more
machines.
How,
with
a
3d
printer?
Well
we're
not
really
talking
about
well,
let
me
get
get
to
that.
Let
me
cover
the
building
materials
right
now.
A
So,
as
far
as
construction
material
goes,
the
three
printers
part
of
the
open
source
material
production
facility,
which
takes
soil,
limestone,
hey
and
trees
and
converts
it
to
various
usable
products
like
lumber,
compressed
earth,
blocks,
installation,
concrete,
pellets,
charcoal
pellets
and
paint
and
glazing.
Now
the
glazing
comes
from
a
3d
printer,
but
if
we
talk
about
the
products
of
a
3d
printer,
you
can
be
talking
about
glazing,
plumbing
sensing,
decking
and
others,
and
I'll
get
into
that
now.
A
How
does
the
3d
printer
cause
you
to
make
more
machines
that
then
build
housing?
Well,
when
we
talk
about
3d
printer,
we
really
talked
about
the
3d
printer
Construction
Set,
so
it's
not
just
the
3d
printer,
but
but
a
universal
cnc,
XYZ
robot
that
can
it
can
be
equipped
with
various
tool.
Heads
such
as
a
larger
version
of
the
3d
printer
would
be
a
CNC
torch
table,
which
is
once
again
an
XY
gantry
a
little
bit
of
emotion.
A
A
We
start
with
a
universal
axis
and
axes.
That's
used
in
XYZ
directions
to
create
the
XYZ
motion.
All
these
axes
here
in
this
simple
3d
printer.
That's
what
we're
building
right
now
are
the
same.
Here's
our
current
build!
That's
our
current
frame,
and
this
is
the
universal
actions.
What
we're
actually
doing
is
adding
magnets
to
the
axis,
so
they
are
reconfigurable.
A
A
So
this
is
a
detail
of
the
magnetic
mounts,
so
you
can
stick
that
axis
onto
the
the
metal
frame
in
any
configuration
you
like,
so
you
can
go
from
a
3d
printer
to
a
much
larger
device
like
a
CNC
torch
table,
a
router
or
other
heavier
machines.
Here's
a
little
bit
of
a
heavier
router
and
the
nice
idea
here
is
that
the
magnetic
mounts
work
for
non-contact
machines
like
the
3d
printer,
but
for
heavier
duty
things.
A
A
A
So
the
idea
is
there
and
for
the
super
heavy-duty
we
might
not
use
electric
stepper
motors.
We
might
actually
attach
hydraulic
motors
to
drive
the
system
and
we
might
put
metal
plates
on
these
plastic
pieces
to
reinforce
them
to
use
what
we
would
call
plastic
metal
composites
that
make
for
a
super-strong
machine
but
with
3d
printed
pieces.
So
the
complex
geometry
is
achieved
by
a
3d
printer
and
then
the
strength
is
it
achieved
by
the
metal
pieces
in
there.
A
A
Can
you
can
play
and
do
creative
things,
so
the
overall
Oh
Dobie
I
roadmap
for
housing
means
that
we
can
be
producing
materials
or
the
machines
that
then
produce
other
machines
that
build
houses,
and
we
can
be
talking
up
to
other
things
like
rubber
tracks
for
tractors
and
o-rings.
I
mean
think
about
that
there's.
So
so
some
rubbers
are
also
thermoplastic.
A
They
they
can
be
melted
down
and
they're
rubbery
they
stretch
but
they're
thermoplastic,
meaning
that
they
can
be
melted
down
and
reformed
into
another
shape,
which
means
that
it
lends
rubber
thermoplastic
elastomers,
lend
themselves
to
3d
printing.
Now.
Imagine
that
wheels
for
bicycles,
open-source
bicycles
and
big
tracks
for
our
heavy-duty
tractors.
Yes,
I
mean
there
is
nothing
stopping
us
here,
so
so
yeah.
A
Oh
no
did
I
forget
to
screen
share.
That's
not
you
know,
that's
a
good
point
here.
Okay,
thank
you
for
speaking
up.
I.
Might
okay,
that's
crazy
here
that
kind
of
ruins
all
the
fun
here,
but
but
let's
keep
going
I'm
going
to
just
rewind
it
to
show
you
really
quickly.
That's
embarrassing
people!
Okay!
Let
me
go
back
in
there
kind
of
show
you
what
I
was
talking
to
myself
about
here.
So
let's
present
this
right
now,
so
you
can
see
it
now
right.
It's
loading
up.
A
Okay,
assuming
that
everyone
can
see
so
just
briefly
going
through
all
the
pictures
here
that
we've
seen
about
the
3d
printer
and
you
can
actually
for
the
watching
of
the
actual
presentation,
that's
recorded,
the
link
to
the
presentation
will
be
below
so
people
can
go
through
this
manually.
But
here
are
the
pictures
of
the
the
houses
that
are
3d
printed.
That
I
was
talking
about
these
huge
3d
printers
that
print
out
of
mud,
other
3d,
printing
activities,
parent
and
child,
the
first
3d
printers
based
on
the
reprap
project.
A
That's
why
we're
including
our
own
3d
printer
in
the
global
village,
Construction
Set,
leading
to
machines
and
two
houses,
so
I'm
going
through
the
the
universal
access
system
and
the
frames
that
can
be
used
to
build
any
kinds
of
machines,
seem
visually
here,
so
I
go
and
we'll
be
able
to
look
at
this
presentation
afterwards
to
to
catch
up
to
to
all
this.
So
the
roadmap
for
housing
includes
both
machines
and
materials,
and
the
special
interest
from
OPI
side
revolves
around
recycling
and
local
production.
So
the
recycling
part
closes
the
material
cycles.
A
Plastic
is
a
pervasive
pollutant
and
there's
so
much
of
it,
and
it's
completely
reusable
as
I'll
talk
about
with
simple
infrastructures
that
actually
right
now
are
completely
open
source
and
doable
opening
up
routes
for
local
manufacturing,
which
is
the
relocalization
of
economies.
So,
like
you
know,
think
about
the
plastic
industry
that
is
huge
that
can
be
brought
down
very
easily
to
local
communities,
not
and
centralized
manufacturing
plants.
A
The
products
that
we
talked
about
here
that
are
interesting
to
OB
I
from
there
come
from
the
3d
printer
are
glazing,
affordable,
high-performance
aquaponic,
greenhouse
bills.
That's
the
result,
I'll
talk
about
that
plumbing
toilets,
two
sinks,
two
showers,
including
the
actual
actual
utilities
themselves.
A
The
pipes
to,
let
me
know,
that's
all
thermoplastics
and
seeing
like
fence
posts,
decking
outdoor
furniture,
large
growing
beds
that
could
be
3d
printed
in
place,
rubber
tires
gaskets
and
seals,
so
that
comes
from
the
rubber
thermoplastics
very
unusual
and
hard
to
source
parts,
I
mean
sometimes
in
aquaponics,
like
I
did
with
with
the
nut
breeding
experiments.
I
needed
these
very
unusual
fittings
that
were
not
to
be
found
in
a
store,
so
I
printed
them.
So
so
the
full
tool
chain
of
plastic
making
starts
with
grinding
like
it.
A
A
A
You
can
get
one
of
those
for
like
three
dollars
right
now
off
the
shelf,
but
if
you
printed
it
yourself
that
would
cause
$25
if
you
printed
it
with
the
off
ship
off
the
shelf.
Filament.
That's
already
wound
up
for
you
on
a
spool,
so
let's
go
to
making
our
own.
So
if
you
buy
regrind
or
pellets
that
goes
way
down
so
the
pellets
they
called
resin
or
pellets
or
regrind,
meaning
regrind
means
that
it's
ground
up
waste
plastic.
A
You
can
get
that
in
huge
quantities
from
recyclers
at
a
dollar
a
pound,
or
you
can
go
even
further
back
to
get
the
actual
unground
bales,
which
are
like
a
ton
and
that
ends
up
costing
you
one
tenth
of
that
so
about
ten
cents,
a
pound.
So
almost
a
hundred
fold
factor
of
cost
reduction
if
you
start
going
back
to
the
plastic
source.
So
if
you
recycle
your
own
plastic,
that
would
be
for
free,
so
we
have
to
consider
the
electricity
costs
if
the
material
stock
is
near
free,
like
there's
other
inputs.
A
That's
your
time
and
really
the
electricity.
That's
used
to
run
your
3d
printer,
which,
with
its
heaters
and
electronic
controls.
Well,
it
turns
out.
You
can
read
in
a
paper
that
the
electricity
costs
are
about
a
fifty
cents
per
pound
of
finished
3d
printed
product.
That's
just
an
electricity,
so
it's
not
not
zero,
its
considerable
and
that's
counted
at
ten
cents
per
kilowatt
hour
as
the
electricity
costs.
A
So
clearly,
high
value
items
are
worth
while
to
print,
but
what,
if
you
start
actually
built
the
printing
products
that
are
heavier
like
lumber
or
plasteel,
decking
fence
posts
which
are
heavy
well
to
buy
for
lumber?
That
weighs
say
10
pounds?
That's
how
much
a
two
by
four
ways
to
buy
for
eight
feet
long.
There
will
be
five
dollars,
an
electricity
right
there,
that's
probably
what
you
get
it
at
the
store
for.
If
you
were
to
get
plastic
lumber,
so
you
would
get
no
advantage
outside
of
recycling
and
doing
it
yourself.
A
So
you
really
have
to
talk
about
how
you
could
reduce
that
electricity
costs
and
when
we
say
fifty
cents
a
pound.
That
means
these
open
chamber
build
platforms,
no
enclosure
where,
on
the
on
the
3d
printer
itself,
which
means
all
the
heat
just
leaks
out,
so
you
can
talk
about
insulating
your
3d
printing
nozzles
and
the
entire
build
surface.
A
That's
why
part
of
the
reason
why
we're
going
to
these
nice
cubic
structures
for
our
structure
is
that
you
can
enclose
that
relatively
easily
by
covering
the
side,
so
you
retain
the
heat
and
hopefully
get
the
energy
reduction
of
this
down
by
a
factor
of
two
to
four.
I
would.
I
would
like
to
hope
and
we'll
see
that
in
practice.
A
A
It's
an
existing
open
source,
one
to
one
point
to
a
millimeter,
aperture
extruder,
that's
the
size
of
the
hole
that
emits
the
printed
filament,
the
melted
filament.
It
prints
at
five
pounds
for
24
hours,
not
bad
I
mean
that's
the
half
of
the
weight
of
a
two-by-four
piece
of
lumber.
So
we
can
get
around
this
so
speed
up
the
rate.
We
can
just
use
multiple
print
heads
so,
for
example,
9
as
in
the
former
discussion
that
we
talked
about.
So
let
me
just
check
in
here
so
definitely
as
far
as
print
rates
are
concerned,.
A
Definitely
doable
just
put
more
printheads
on
your
3d
printer
and
then
with
the
99
heads
on
this,
the
existing
technology
of
a
fast
extruder
head.
You
got
45
pounds
in
24
hours.
That's
plenty!
That's
that's
enough
to
go
on
so
think
of
a
cluster
of
either
ten
individual
machines
or
one
machine
with
like
10
heads.
A
A
But
the
idea
is
that
if
you
want
to
do
things
like
fence
posts
or
tubes,
most
effective
weight
is
to
go
vertically
up.
If
you
print
the
polycarbonate
multiwall
glazing,
you
want
to
kind
of
go
with
the
grain
of
the
print,
which
is
up
the
natural
direction
of
a
tube.
The
natural
way
you
want
to
print
the
tube
is
going
up.
If
you
lay
it
flat,
I
mean
it
will
kind
of
collapse
on
you.
It's
not
a
good
way
to
print
it
there'll
be
because
there's
still
gravity
on
a
3d
print.
A
So
you
can't
print
a
full
bridge
when
there's
nothing
supporting
a
bridge
like
a
tube
printed
sideways.
You
can't
really
print
that.
Well,
so
you
want
to
print
vertically.
So
you
want
to
go
to
a
vertical
3d
printer
that
could
be
a
small
size,
but
it's
just
very
tall
so
think
about
six
feet
or
eight
feet
tall
to
do
things
like
steaks
or
poly
carbonate,
multi-walled
blazing.
So
let's
talk
a
little
bit
about
the
tool
chains
involved.
So
if
you
do
go
from
from
the
scrap
feedstocks,
then
you
have
to
shred
them.
A
First,
there's
a
nice
project
out
there
called
precious
plastic.
Some
of
you
might
recognize
that
this
is
where
I
copied
that
from,
but
they
have
a
good
design
of
a
of
a
filament
shredder
of
a
plastic
shredder
where
you
dumped
in
your
ball
and
everything
else
and
outcomes
flakes
of
plastic
that
can
then
be
put
into
a
filament
extruder,
which
basically
is
a
hopper
driven
by
a
motor.
The
motor
drives
a
screw
as
the
pieces
fall
down,
the
hopper
the
screw
pushes
them
in
into
the
heated
zone.
A
The
heaters
and
the
screw
provide
heat
both
by
friction
and
by
electricity
to
melt
the
plastic,
and
then
it
comes
out
as
a
strand
at
the
end.
So
you
can
print
out
spaghetti
out
of
this,
make
make
things
like
filament
or
other
things
or
think
about.
If
you
put
a
ad
I
a
form,
that's
like
a
like
a
ring.
You
can
print
out
to
be
using
this
kind
of
a
device
here
and
then
you'd
go
to
a
3d
printer
after
you
have
your
filament
produced.
A
That's
a
representation
of
the
3d
printer.
Well,
that's
not
what
it
is
really
in
the
project
there,
okay,
but
here's
a
look
at
this
example
of
a
3d
filament,
extruder,
3d,
printing
filament
extruder.
This
is
a
fully
open
source
version
that
produces
about
a
half
a
pound
of
filament
per
hour.
The
accuracy
like
it
gets
you
like
three
millimeter,
filament
plus
minus
ten
percent.
I
mean
the
accuracy,
is
really
good.
Material
costs.
Two
hundred
fifty
dollars,
driven
simply
by
a
small
stepper
motor.
A
The
electronics
behind
there
are
arduino
xand
ramps,
the
electronic
controllers
from
the
reprap
project.
So
this
is
this
is
how
the
machine
works.
You
send
some,
so
you
get
get
a
container
full
of
pellets.
Stick
it
down
into
the
extrude
extrude
the
fiber,
and
this
fiber
is
sent
out
here
now.
This
is
the
actual
pooler
here
which
controls
how
fast.
So
this
is
all
electronically
controlled
with
sensors,
fully
automated,
where
you
pull
the
filament
out,
depending
on
how
fast
you're
pulling
it
that
determines
the
the
thickness
of
the
filament.
A
So
you
can
regulate
it
very
finely
with
some
feedback,
and
then
you
end
up
winding
that
on
the
spool.
So
there's
some
trickery
involved,
but
this
is
fully
open
source.
You
can
download
the
plants
and
and
3d
printing
class
because
a
lot
of
these
parts
here
all
these
things,
the
white
stuff-
is
all
3d
printed
here.
Actually,
so
you
can
build
this
at
very
low
cost
and
just
one
more
note
here,
the
spooling
is
very
important.
A
There's
fine
controls
that
happen
there,
but
this
is
great
half
a
pound
per
hour,
not
bad,
like
12
pounds
per
per
day,
running
24
7.
So
that's
decent,
not
not
too
bad.
I
mean
very
small
inexpensive
and
this
was
actually
developed
as
a
challenge.
A
few
years
ago,
a
foundation
funded
a
challenge
where
there
was
a
contest
made
to
make
the
best
open-source
filament
extruder.
The
lyman,
hugh
lineman,
is
the
83
year
old
gentleman
who
won
that
contest.
A
So
this
is
versions
version
five
of
his
extruder
now
he's
up
to
actually
version
six,
but
it
would
be
interesting
to
to
actually
make
this
for
initial
test
with
open
source,
ecology
and
Obi
I.
So
how
feasible
is
it
to
print
building
materials
even
in
a
home
scale
print
cluster?
All
you
need
is
a
room
with
a
few
3d
printers.
So
take
a
look
at
the
lineman
filament
extruder
12
pounds
extruded
in
24
hours.
A
So
if
you
have
four
of
these
so
think
of
a
little
army
of
four
of
those
tiny
extruders,
you
can
feed
a
nine
head.
3D
printer
at
the
maximum
production
right
side,
extrusion
right
side
discussed
before
so
the
filament
extruders
would
cost
you
under
a
thousand
dollars
at
under
two
hundred
fifty
dollars
a
pop
for
four
of
them,
so
think
about
a
nine-headed
monster.
3D
printer
each
had
printing
five
pounds
in
24
hours,
that's
45
pounds
of
print
per
day
under
a
thousand
bucks.
For
that.
A
That's
what
we're
estimating
material
costs
to
be
on
that
one,
based
on
our
experience
with
the
3d
printing,
because
3d
printing
is
the
prices
of
that
because
it's
fully
open
source
they're,
very
benign,
it's
not
too
expensive.
So
the
point
is:
is
that
four
of
those
extruders
get
now
get
you
plastic
from
scrap,
so
we're
talking
about?
You
know,
think
of
actually
making
materials
and
selling
them
well.
It
would
cost
you
a
lot
of
money.
A
If
you
bought
filament
of
the
of
the
shelf,
as
I
said,
it
wouldn't
make
sense
for
heavier
objects,
so
you'd
be
limited.
So,
but
right
at
home
you
can
do
1350
pounds
so
over
half
a
ton
of
plastic
goods
produced
per
month.
So
you
can
be
talking
about
setting
up
a
real.
You
know
pretty
much
take
over
the
recycling
in
your
city
and
take
all
their
plastic
and
make
useful
products
out
of
that.
So
that
could
even
be
relevant
for
things
like
the
structural
plastic
lumber
and
everything
else.
A
1350
pounds.
That's
a
lot
of
plastic
and
it's
that's
definitely
more
than
we
have
in
in
a
CD
go
home
right
now,
so
you
can't
produce
all
the
plastic
value.
Yeah
I
haven't
counted
exactly
the
amount
of
weight
of
plastic.
That's
used
in
the
CD
go
home.
We
should
do
that
and
we
will.
But
we
know
we
have
the
greenhouse
towers.
We
have
a
lot
of
the
water
storage
containers.
A
lot
of
the
all
the
plumbing
essentially
is
all
kinds
of
plastics
water
panel
with
the
filters.
A
Those
are
plastic
casings
a
lot
of
plastic,
and
then
you
can
talk
about
various
useful
utensils
household
goods,
but
you
would
have
plenty
of
3d,
printing,
3d,
printing
filament
capacity
to
be
making
the
filament
and
extruding
that
at
this
rate,
so
this
is
print
cluster.
With
nine
heads
using
a
1.2
millimeter
open-source
extruder
set
great
opportunity
for
local
production.
Here,
let's
go
through
a
little
case
study.
So
let's
just
take
a
look
at
our
prize.
The
multi
wall,
polycarbonate
glazing,
can
see
link
there.
So
how
would
you
do
that?
A
Well
start
the
tool
chain
from
the
very
beginning.
You
can
start
with
CAD.
This
is
free
cat,
so
you
can
learn
freecad
101
by
clicking
on
that
link.
That's
we
have
a
good
instructional
on
the
wiki
draw
yourself
the
structure
of
the
multi-wall
glazing.
This
is
a
cross
section
of
the
multi-wall
glazing.
A
You
put
that
in
there
that's
a
representation
of
the
print
bed,
so
he
printed
a
six
by
six
inch
piece
of
that
just
out
of
pla,
which
is
a
common
bioplastic,
and
that
was
the
result.
So
could
we
use
that
for
our
glazing,
I'm
very
encouraged?
Actually,
so
this
is
not
even
a
polycarbonate.
This
is
just
PLA
and
the
initial
results
are
quite
promising.
The
structure
itself
is
quite
strong.
A
A
If
you
talk
about
UV
protection,
if
that's
going
to
be
out
in
the
Sun,
you
can
paint
it
with
UV
some
kind
of
a
UV
protected,
coating
or
begin
with
additives
to
your
resin
that
are
UV,
stabilizers
like
titanium
or
carbon-carbon,
wouldn't
char
or
carbon
would
darken
it.
So
you
don't
want
to
go
with
dark,
but
maybe
titanium,
which
would
which
has
large
molecules
that
block
the
light
block
the
UV,
but
also
let
some
of
the
light
through
so
there's
a
hole
that
could
be
a
whole
science
of
how
do?
U?
A
Uv
stabilized,
that,
if
you're,
using
as
a
greenhouse
glazing
I
mean
they
do
have,
for
example,
marine
UV
stabilizers
for
sales
for
wind
sales
that
could
be
used.
So
that's
some
trickery
there
to
find
out
about.
But
let's
look
at
the
cost
here,
the
four
by
eight
sheet
of
polycarbonate
six
millimeter
thick
is
$45.
So
that's
four
by
eight
feet:
$45.
A
It
weighs
about
5
pounds
or
so
so,
if
you
were
to
3d
print
on
yourself,
you
would
pay
five
dollars
in
polycarbonate
regrind
that
you
get
from
a
recycling
supply
and
then
you
would
pay
to
two
dollars:
fifty
cents
for
the
electricity
involved
in
printing.
So
if
you
add
up,
those
costs
will
be
six
times
lower
if
you
3d
printed
that
at
home,
using
commercially
bought,
polycarbonate
regrind,
so
polycarbonate
is
a
thermoplastic.
It
melts
under
high
temperature
and
you
can
extrude
it
over
and
over
again.
So
poly
carbonate
is
very
strong,
quite
durable.
A
Now,
if
you
now
CDs
so
CDs
like
the
CD
players
were,
are
made
of
polycarbonate
too.
So
if
you
save
a
bunch
of
CDs
or
have
all
your
friends
bring
you
off
all
these
old
CDs,
you
can
regrind
them
yourself
and
then
have
the
material
for
free.
So
that's
one
resource
that
you
can
recycle
yourself,
but
if
you,
if
you
had
the
feedstock
for
free,
then
you're
talking
18
times
lower
cost
compared
to
what
you
could
get
at
the
store.
So
in
principle
we
can
make
nine
of
these
panels
in
24
hours
each
each
printhead.
A
I
mentioned
prints
out
five
pounds
per
24-hour
period
each
one
of
these
panels,
4
by
8
feet,
big
weighs
about
5
pounds
so
about
a
panel
per
day
per
head,
so
use
your
9
head
printer.
It
only
will
take
you
a
few
days
or
a
week
or
so
to
print
out
all
the
glazing
for
the
800
square.
Foot
aquaponic
greenhouse,
like
we
built
in
20
2015
4
2016.
A
So
there
are
many
other
things
that
are
relevant
for
for
cost
savings
and
production
like
here
in
the
picture.
That's
Larry
happy
the
guy
who
actually
open-source
these
towers,
the
the
same
towers
that
we're
using
he's
the
guy
that
that
developed
that
design,
basically
by
taking
a
piece
of
PVC
tubing
or
probably
ethylene
tubing
and
ripping
out
little
holes
for
the
plants.
Well,
he
can
3d
print
that
that
structure
yourself.
So
here's
what
he's
doing
here
is
using
six.
Basically
like
these
four
or
six
inch.
I
think
these
are
four
inch
tall.
A
Little
sections
you
print
out
each
one
of
them
individually,
see
if
there's
one
printed
right.
There
he's
got
a
bunch
of
them
3d
printed,
but
you
can
print
out
your
entire
Tower
just
made
out
of
little
pieces,
so
you
can
click
on
this
link
to
see
how
he
does
that
how
he
connects
them.
So
if
you
talk
about
savings
and
all
the
different
materials
that
we
use
in
the
cdk
home
visit,
there's
a
lot
of
different
stuff
like
greenhouse
glazing,
is
the
polycarbonate
for
our
greenhouse
costs
about
two
thousand
dollars.
A
We
could
print
that
at
one
sixteenth,
the
cost,
so
150
bucks,
that's
one
time.
200
bucks
will
be
one
time
under
200
bucks.
We
could
print
it
if
we,
if
we
paid
for
that
electricity
and
then
you
can
talk
about
well
with
we
getting
up
solar
panels
and
they're
paid
for
and
we
could
be
doing
solar
printing
so
we're
not
using
any
precious
energy
off
the
grid.
A
So
you
can
go
think
about
solar,
3d,
printing
as
well
greenhouse
towers
they're
about
two
hundred
dollars
for
the
plastic
for
about
48
hours.
Something
like
that
about
that.
Much
about
their
about
likes,
I
believe,
like
five
bucks
at
our
57
bucks
at
our
x,
40
40
towers.
So
there's
a
few
hundred
dollars
there
a
lot
of
aquaponics
fittings.
We
could
3d
print
warm
towers
like
for
growing
red
worms
or
composting
worms,
first
flush
diverter
that
we
bought
for
rainwater
catchment
across
the
security
box.
A
Just
for
a
little
piece
of
fitting
separating
toilet,
we
could
3d
print
that
whole
thing,
six
hundred
dollars.
That
would
cost
you.
If
you
bought
it
off
the
shelf,
filter
housings.
We
paid
about
a
hundred
bucks
for
about
six
of
them,
plumbing
there's
at
least
two
hundred
dollars
worth
of
plumbing
pipes
and
fittings
poly
water
pipes,
at
least
a
hundred
dollars,
and
then
think
about
what
about
structural
plastic
lumber
man.
Imagine
we
built
all
the
all
the
wall
panels
out
of
3d
printed
plastic
lumber.
A
That
would
be
insane,
but
we
can
try
that
I
mean
it's
I
mean
it's
going
to
get
down
like
once,
you're
making
so
much
printing.
Think
about
the
capacity
which
I
mentioned
about
1,300
pounds
per
month
that
gets
into
really
a
material
materials
handling
operation.
You
have
to
grind
it
then
extrude,
the
filament.
Oh,
you
can
automate
a
lot
of
it,
but
when
you
say
receive
that
bail
from
the
recycler,
you're,
probably
talking
about
a
tractor
putting
it
into
a
large
grinder.
A
A
You
know
to
move
thousand
three
hundred
pounds,
that's
easily
done
in
a
single
day,
but
you
know
you
could
definitely
use
the
help
of
machines
if
you're
getting
serious
about
this
and
say
going
to
local
recycling,
centers
and
picking
up
from
them
or
having
bailed
delivered
to
you.
That's
where
the
heavier
equipment
does
come
in.
A
So
imagine
we
printed
them
that
would
be
awesome,
house
more
house
windows.
Imagine
we
got
the
polycarbonate
prints,
got
them
really
smooth
and
maybe
single
layer
just
flat
layers
that
we
shine
polished
inside
and
outside.
We
could
possibly
print
our
house
windows.
Now
windows
are
very
expensive.
In
a
house
we
paid
at
least
a
thousand,
probably
like
2,000,
for
windows
and
doors
in
the
cdk
home.
A
Then
you
can
talk
about
some
clothing
items
like
shoes
and
belts
made
of
rubber
rubber,
like
materials
and
rubber,
tires
and
rubber
transmission
belts
for
the
heavier
equipment.
3D
printed,
cordless,
drills,
like
when
we
do
our
extreme
manufacturing
workshops.
We
have
like
20
to
40,
cordless
drills
on
the
sauna
site.
We
go
through
a
lot
of
drills,
so
if
we
could
make
our
open
source
cordless
drills,
that
I
think
is
actually
a
big
big
potential
savings
because
cordless
drills
last
between,
like
a
year
to
a
few
years,
even
the
professional
ones.
A
A
That's
pretty
much
all
I
have
on
the
presentation
on
the
applications
of
3d
printing
covers
a
lot
of
what
we
want
to
do
here
and
currently
I'll
talk
about
I'll
talk
about
what
we're
doing
right
now
make
a
pitch
for
the
ofc
developers
group,
but
our
roadmap
for
this
year,
just
to
tell
you
how
the
3d
printing
fits
in
there
right
now
we're
actively
developing
the
3d
printer.
If
you
follow
the
osc
workshops
page
or
the
osc,
facebook
you'll
see
some
updates
on
that
we're
doing
our
first
workshop
in
hamburg,
germany
in
april
twenty.
A
Second,
with
idea
for
2016,
as
we
start
with
the
3d
printer
and
we
build
the
larger
cnc
torch
table
based
on
a
design
pattern
that
I
talked
about
before.
And
then
we
build
some
more
of
the
heavy
machines
like
the
track,
another
version
of
the
tractor
excavator,
brick
press
and
sawmill
and
other,
and
then
we
build
the
house
towards
the
end
of
the
year,
so
there's
a
whole
progression.
But
if
you'd
like
to
get
involved
in
this
more
deeply,
the
requirement
is
to
spend
10
hours
of
volunteer
time
with
us
per
week.
A
We
have
an
interview
process
and
we
have
a
dedicated
working
team
on
the
meets
on
mondays.
So,
if
you'd
like
to
join
that
and
become
more
involved
in
its
development,
we
encourage
you
to
do
so,
and
our
goal
is
to
release
a
product
so
I'm
going
to
quit
the
screen
share
here.
Our
goal
is
to
release
a
product
of
some
sort
like
the
3d
printer
after
the
first
quarter.
A
Our
goals
for
the
3d
printer
actually
quite
ambitious
in
that
we're
looking
to
do
a
workshop,
a
big
grand
finale,
3d
printer
workshop
in
December.
We
build
100
that
is
it
100
3d
printers
in
a
single
day
using
our
modular
construction
set
and
we're
really
paying
a
lot
of
attention
to
absolute
plug-and-play,
modularity,
simple
design
like
the
simple
frames,
the
magnetically
attached
axes
and
the
universal
access
that
same
throughout
so
radically
reduced
parts
count
and
everything
else.
A
A
A
We
don't
know
if
we're
going
to
open
up
the
cnc
torch
table,
work,
shopper
and
forget
us
do
that.
Privately.
Here
depends
how
far
we
are
in
that
design,
but
definitely
it's
very
important
for
us
to
develop
the
cnc
torch
table.
Such
that
we
can
make
all
the
heavier
machines
work
out,
built
much
more
quickly
than
before
so
Oh
question
why'd
actively
developing
a
3d
printer.
There
are
so
many
open-source
3d
printers.
What's
the
difference,
good
question,
the
answer
is
very
clear.
A
For
example,
if
you
wanted
to
do
3d,
printing
of
a
polycarbonate
multi-well
glazing,
where
you
need
the
four
by
eight
sighs,
there's,
not
a
single,
we
don't
know
of
an
open-source
printer,
that's
god
that
worked
out.
So
we're
focusing
there's
several
aspects
of
that.
One
is
that
there
is
nobody
in
the
world
right
now
is
offering
a
single
day.
3D
printer,
build
workshops.
A
Our
design
is
designed
to
be
absolute
minimum
parts
count
which
means
that
you
can
build
it
authentically
from
scratch
in
a
single
day.
That's
a
big
deal,
the
other
part
about
it
is
the
Construction
Set
approach,
so
we're
not
just
building
a
3d
printer,
as
I
mentioned,
we're
using
that
same
design
pattern
to
build
much
larger
machines,
production
machines
like
the
torch
table
or
the
or
the
heavy-duty
cnc
machine.
So
if
we
used
an
existing
3d
printer,
those
are
not
designed
to
be
scalable
in
any
way.
A
The
other
aspect
of
our
3d
printer
is
we're
going
to
use
a
universal
controller
which
can
handle
much
larger
stepper
motors.
So
the
controller
that
we're
going
to
do
is
going
to
be
once
again
like
a
construction
set
of
a
controller.
Our
electronics
are
going
to
be
I,
mean
just
every
single
aspect
in
terms
of
the
production
engineering
design
it
for
the
swarm
build
such
that
many
of
them
can
be
built
in
a
single
large
event.
Why
is
that
important?
A
Because
if
you
can
show
that
you
can
produce,
for
example,
I
mean
the
crazy
idea
of
a
hundred
printers
in
the
day,
that's
exciting,
and
that
now
you
can
replicate
that
worldwide,
because
the
plans
are
open
source,
then
you're,
rivaling
factory
production
in
terms
of
the
volume
output
that
you
have
and
production
ability.
So
that's
big.
A
So
no
one
has
the
features
of
primarily
the
scalability
and
modularity
that
you
not
only
make
a
3d
printer,
but
essentially
any
is
basically
a
platform
for
making
all
the
different
CNC
machines
in
the
world
from
laser
cutters
to
torch
tables,
two
routers
and
everything
else.
So
we
have
to
do
our
own
because
nobody
is
thinking
along
the
route
of
modular
scalable
and
that's
the
same
point
like
doing
nine
heads
on
a
3d
printer,
the
other
part
of
that
song
so
going
further
are
not
issues
because
we
run.
A
That's
a
printer.
That's
got
80,000
at
least
copies
the
last
time.
I
checked,
so
that's
the
best
one
in
the
world
and
best
print
quality.
But
it's
not
scalable
I,
don't
think
we
can
build
it
in
a
single
day.
It
doesn't
have
the
magnetic
reconfigurable
axes
not
designed
to
scale
well,
so
there's
the
economic
relevance
of
the
workshop
model,
but
also
where
we're
designing
the
whole
infrastructure
to
have
the
plastic
melting
into
the
filament
and
producing
of
larger
things
using
your
print
cluster.
A
So
we
also
want
to
open
source
the
print
cluster
yeah,
but
as
far
as
just
the
answer
of
why
not
use
an
existing
one.
Well,
there
is
no
modular
scalable
one,
that's
out
there
and
meet
their
needs,
yeah
yeah,
so
that
makes
sense
to
Daniel
I'm
glad
I
answer
that
do
the
panels
that
come
from
the
3d
printing
come
with
the
same
stability.
Well,
that
depends
how
we
do
them
and
what
resins
we
would
do
so
on
a
polycarbonate
panels.
A
We
know
that
one
side
of
them
has
got
the
UV
protective
coating
and
the
other
doesn't
so
you
have
to
the
commercially
purchased
product.
You
have
to
put
it
on
a
certain
way,
so
they
see
UV
stabilizers
on
one
side
only,
but
whether
it's
stable
or
not
depends
what
kind
of
UV
stay
but
I'm
assuming
you're
talking
about
ultraviolet
radiation
from
the
Sun
that
makes
things
decompose
over
time.
If
that's
so,
then,
then
you
would
need
to
put
in
UV
stabilizers
into
the
resin
or
afterwards
paint
the
surface
with
some
kind
of
a
UV
stabilizer.
A
The
commercial
panels
are
extruded,
meaning
they're,
completely
solid
they're,
not
going
to
break
on
you
in
a
3d
printer
out.
You
do
have
to
watch
out
for
layer
to
layer
adhesion
the
the
weakness
in
3d
printing
is,
if
you
have
very
thin
material
that
you're
printing
with
the
layers
might
delaminate,
because
it's
a
big
strand
that
you're
you're,
depositing
and
that
sticks
to
itself,
because
it's
melted,
so
yeah
I
mean
we'll
see
what
we
can
do.
A
I
mean
is
I
can
theorize
what's
going
to
happen
by
mean
our
goal
would
be
to
get
something:
that's
actually
workable,
that
works
and
can
be
used,
and
last
at
least
5-10
years
I
mean
you've
got
to
make
it
last
like
10
years
at
least
otherwise
it
so
you're
replacing
them
all
the
time
the
commercial
lifetime
is
I,
think
that
he
say
something
like
20
years,
but
that
would
be
the
goal
the
goal
would
be
to
meet
or
exceed
industry
standards.
So
I
hope
that
answers
the
question.
Any
other
questions.
A
Ya
heard
you
say
something
about
Windows,
not
sure
3d
printed,
so,
as
you
saw
in
a
twin
wall
polycarbonate,
you
saw
how
it
wasn't
particularly
translucent.
Well,
you
kind
of
want
to
look
out
your
window
and
see
what's
outside,
so
you
do
want
to
get
get
your
3d
print
to
be
very
shiny,
very
transparent.
Now
there
are
ways
to
do
that.
A
You
can
buff
that
both
the
surface
afterwards
there's
techniques
for
getting
it
smooth
by
either
applying
a
solvent
that
kind
of
melts
the
surface
and
makes
it
very,
very
smooth
and
transparent,
or
you
possibly
can
paint
it
with
another
layer
of
something
that
makes
the
little
little
imperfections
kind
of
hide
and
therefore
the
final
window
would
look
very,
very
transparent,
so
those
techniques
are
out
there.
But
the
main
thing
is:
if
your
3d
printing,
typically,
what
you
get
out
of
the
3d
printer,
is
not
exactly
transparent.
A
It's
it's
not
like
glass,
which
has
been
melted
or
or
like
a
piece
of
polycarbonate
is
just
a
solid
sheet.
That's
been
melted
and
poured
because
you've
got
the
layers
of
3d
print
stuck
one
upon
another
that
interferes
with
how
the
light
transmits
through
that,
which
is
great
for
greenhouses
or
diffused
light,
is
a
plus,
but
in
a
home
the
window
idea
would
be
good
for
privacy
windows
if
you
don't
to
see
outside.
A
But
if
you
want
to
make
transparent
windows,
you
have
to
post
process
them
after
you,
3d
print
them
so
doable
would
require
more
work,
but
definitely
worth
trying
because
a
window
cost
you
like.
A
hundred
bucks
windows
are
expensive,
that's
a
big
cost
of
a
house.
So,
if
you're
trying
to
build
low-cost,
you
typically
want
to
get
recycled,
reused
windows.
Yeah
Donald
says
we
can
design
workshops
with.
Others
are
interested
as
well
yeah
for
people
who
are
close
by
we
are
considering.
A
Definitely
as
far
as
visitors
day
like
once,
we
get
the
aquaponic
greenhouse
CD
go
home
finished
up,
we're
looking
at
tours,
starting
around
May
we're
considering
some
some
shorter
crash
course
workshops.
So
you
don't
have
this
final
schedule
yet
so
can
stay
tuned
sign
up
to
our
Facebook
or
our
newsletter
or
the
ofc
workshops.
Facebook
page
those
of
the
base,
the
workshops
page
in
the
Facebook
page-
are
the
most
most
frequent
posted
places
so
yeah
any
other
questions.
A
Going
going,
ok,
ok,
well,
I,
think
that
will
wrap
up
for
here.
Thank
you
for
listening,
we're
going
to
publish
this
for
all
the
people
who
are
not
listening
to
this
online
and
then
this
will
be
made
available
to
the
more
general
public
after
our
Kickstarter
period
is
over.
So
thank
you
again
for
listening
next
week,
we
will
talk
about
something
Oh,
bi
webinars
stay
tuned
for
next
week.
You
can
look
at
the
schedule
of
webinars
three
more
coming
up
next
week.
Is
the
automation
webinar,
where
I
will
cover
the
design
of
all
the
automation?