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Description
Welcome to Webinar 2 from the Open Building Institute. See webinar schedule for 2016-17 on the wiki - http://opensourceecology.org/wiki/OBI_Webinars - where you can sign up for live webinars.
For Aquaponic Greenhouse Webinar - see Presentation Slides - http://bit.ly/2isKAps - which you can download as PDF. This presentation has a complete set of links to prior work on the first page.
This is all work in progress, where prototypes are updated on an ongoing basis.
Please leave comments about the Aquaponic Greenhouse webinar below, so we can improve the content in the future. Or, fill out a more formal Webinar Survey for our learning purposes at http://opensourceecology.org/wiki/Webinar_Survey.
License - CC-BY-SA 4.0 - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
A
Okay,
well
welcome
everybody
to
the
open
building
Institute
webinar
number.
Two.
Last
week
we
talked
about
the
the
Living
Building
house
and
today
we're
covering
the
aquaponic
greenhouse.
The
schedule
is
on
the
on
osc
wiki.
What
I
will
do
is
I
will
send
both
this
presentation,
all
the
links
and
all
the
recording
to
everyone.
So
you
can
refer
to
any
questions
that
you
may
have
there's
a
lot
of
different
links
in
a
presentation.
So,
let's
begin
open
building
institute
open
source
ecology,
we
have
teamed
up
this
year
to
develop
open
source,
affordable
housing.
A
Modular
construction,
where
we
build
a
large
number
of
modules
with
it
with
a
large
team
such
as
the
glazing
panels,
that
roof
panels
vented
wall
panels
and
everything
else.
We
assemble
them
quickly
into
put
into
place
and
that's
how
we're
able
to
do
this.
This
type
of
a
5-day
build
of
a
greenhouse
in
a
rapid
fashion,
so
the
modular
greenhouse
concept
initially
started
as
an
experiment,
and
could
we
design
a
greenhouse?
A
So
we
use
a
combination
of
fish
ponds
and
towers,
growing
towers,
vertical
space
in
all
kinds
of
ways
that
allows
us
to
pack
in
an
extreme
level
of
growing
density,
into
a
into
a
structure,
a
year-round,
growing
structure.
So
here
you
see
the
beginnings
very
beginning
as
it's
a
tractor
and
that's
the
the
pallet
of
the
16
foot
glazing
pieces,
which
we
then
used
to
build
this
here.
You
see
people
pretty
much
finishing
up
on
them
on
a
greenhouse
2015
using
the
double
wall,
polycarbonate
glazing,
here's
what
it
looked
like
in
April.
A
This
was
before
a
Kickstarter
campaign.
Things
are
growing
inside
and
in
the
middle
of
winter.
That
is
what
we
saw.
So
this
is
the
classic
picture
from
februari
we
planted
as
soon
as
we
built
this
greenhouse
from
this
place
in
November
right
when
we
ended
the
workshop,
we
planted
it
up,
so
we
we
grew
stuff,
begin
growing
stuff
and
by
februari.
This
is
what
we
had
in
that's
mostly
here.
A
What
you
see
is
an
overload
of
bok,
choy
and
lettuce
in
our
vertical
growing
towers,
where
we
install
the
24
of
the
vertical
towers
over
a
30-foot
pond.
We
had
two
ponds
in
that
system.
That's
one
of
the
growing
beds
that
we
we
put
in
with
some
bok
choy
their
lettuce,
strawberries,
onions
and
things,
but
the
idea
was
to
use
the
aquaponic
method
and
combine
the
productivity
of
fish
and
plants
in
one
where
the
fish
excrete
their
waste
and
that
waste
water
is
used
to
feed
all
the
plants
so
into
that
system.
A
We
we
attempted
to
do
worms
black
soldier
fly
larvae.
Where
we
can
eat
the
fish,
we
can
eat
the
plants
the
the
fish
can
eat
the
duck
weed
that
grows
in
the
vertical
troughs,
both
duckweed
in
izola.
We
also
added
a
chicken
greenhouse
there,
where
the
idea
behind
the
chickens
is
that
they
can
provide
us
with
eggs
year-round
for
the
humans.
They
also
poop,
where
the
worms
eat
the
droppings
to
make
make
vermi
compost
and
we
also
tried
a
black
soldier
fly
which
are
detritivores.
A
They
do
just
about
anything,
so
you
can
feed
them
a
lot
of
different
things
that
we're
used
to
feed
the
chickens.
That
experiment
was
kind
of
aborted.
We
still
are
doing
the
worms
and
fish
chickens
and
the
vertical
growing
and
other
systems,
but
the
idea
is
that
we're
trying
to
get
as
close
to
a
closed-loop
system
as
possible
in
terms
of
all
the
ecology
in
there.
So
what
you
see
in
this
picture
is
the
greenhouse.
A
This
was
now
about
in
May
or
June,
where
we
built
not
only
the
vertical
towers,
where
you
see
little
plants,
primarily
lettuce,
growing
in
there
with
the
fish
ponds
right
underneath,
where
a
continuous
pumping
you
see
the
black
feed
line,
that's
the
water
line
that
feeds
to
the
top
of
the
the
vertical
towers
and
water
trickles
through
the
medium
inside
the
the
towers,
which
is
just
a
foam
medium,
very
lightweight,
porous
material
that
supports
the
plant
growth.
So
here
what
we
had
is
we
planted
10,000,
hazelnuts
and
chestnuts.
A
That's
what
you
see
on
all
the
all
the
troughs
on
the
walls,
the
front
walls
and
the
side
walls,
that's
a
big
load
of
actually
breeding
glint
grade,
hazelnuts,
because
we're
getting
involved
in
hazelnut
and
chestnut
breeding
as
perennial
crops
for
perennial
agriculture,
so
that
that
was
in
the
middle
of
summer.
Since
then,
we
have
planted
these
out,
but
the
idea
here
is
you
see
the
water
trickling
through
the
ponds
in
the
back
there.
A
You
see,
okay,
one
of
the
things
that
the
fish
need:
the
tilapia
there
a
tropical
fish,
so
we
need
they
need
an
optimal
of
about
optimum
temperature
of
about
80
degrees.
So
what
we
did
in
the
winter,
we
kept
the
temperature
up
the
what
you
see
back
there.
Those
red
tubes
are
actually
hydronic
heating
lines
which
run
from
our
stove.
A
Otherwise,
one
day
we
actually
reached
32
fahrenheit
now
is
the
coldest
day
the
ponds
remained
at
their
typical
72,
fahrenheit
temperature
or
so,
but
on
a
super
cold
day
we
had
a
little
bit
of
died
off
on
tomato
plants,
but
the
bok,
choy
and
lettuce
and
everything
actually
came
back-
was
just
a
little
nip.
But
the
hydraulics
is
a
good
way
to
go
here
because
we're
the
idea
for
us
is
to
have
the
greenhouse
right
in
front
of
the
house
where,
in
the
winter
the
greenhouse
is
reducing
our
heating
bills,
it's
very
hot.
A
It
provides
the
humidity
and
hot
temperature
the
it's
about.
You
know
80
or
90
in
there,
not
on
a
sunny
day
in
the
winter,
so
we're
using
that
heat,
and
we
basically
now
have
to
heat
our
with
our
stove
only
about
fifty
percent
as
much
on
the
days
where
it's
super
sunny,
we
don't
even
turn
the
stove
on
it's.
It's
warm
enough
from
all
that
solar
gain
in
the
greenhouse.
A
Now
there
is
an
issue
that
we
definitely
ran
into
with
that
because
this
this
air
here
in
this
greenhouse,
you
see
all
the
water
everywhere,
transpiration
and
and
the
water
dribbling
down
the
towers,
definitely
moist
like
hundred
percent
humidity
or
close
to
that
a
lot
of
the
times
and
what
that
does.
Is
it
actually
in
the
time
right
before
winter,
which
is
about
october
november?
The
humidity
is
actually
intolerable
in
a
sense
that
there's
water,
condensing
on
our
windows
inside
the
house
and
everything
else
it
makes,
makes
food
rot
quicker.
A
So
we
actually
have
to
address
this
humidity
issue
and
we
do
have
that
plan.
We
have
a
an
idea
for
that
for
the
next
greenhouse,
which
we
just
built,
which
we
are
going
to
implement.
I'll
tell
you
about
that
in
a
second,
but
basically
we're
going
to
go
through
a
heat
exchanger,
not
blowing
the
hot
air
directly
with
the
humidity,
but
with
a
heat
exchanger,
which
runs
hot,
the
water
from
the
greenhouse,
which
is
actually
heated
through
through
the
solar
gain.
A
A
Okay,
okay,
so
we
started
the
aquaponic
ponds
with
seven
medium
fish,
which
we
dropped
into
the
first
pond
here,
and
that
was
our
beginning,
beginning
of
the
fish
population.
But
basically
the
beautiful
thing
is
after
some
time
they
do
their
thing
and
we
had
a
whole
cloud,
maybe
a
hundred
or
two
hundred
little
fish
swimming
in
a
pond.
So
basically,
what
happened?
A
Is
the
pond
took
care
of
itself
in
terms
of
propagating
itself
so
right
now,
the
first
pot
here
is
filled
with
about
two
or
three
hundred
fish
that
are
currently
about
eight
or
nine
inches
long
from
these
that
have
basically
self
propagated.
So
it's
a
self-maintaining
system,
though
we
do
want
to
establish
a
reliable
breeding
system
where
we
can
on
demand,
decrease
or
increase
the
population.
I
say
after
it
right
after
we
harvest,
we
want
to
make
sure
that
we
can
bring
a
population
back
up,
so
we
probably
do.
A
We
do
want
to
set
up
independent
breeding
tanks
like
like
aquariums,
because
ideas
after
harvest
when
all
the
fish
are
big.
If
you
were
to
put
little
fry
in
there
they're
going
to
get
all
eaten
by
the
big
fish,
the
big
fish
eats
little
fish
is
correct
here,
so
we
either
have
to
provide
habitat
where
they
can
hide
like
here.
What
you
see
is
the
actual
you
see
the
red
in
there.
A
That's
the
heat
exchanger
coil
inside
the
water,
actually
there's
hiding
space
there,
but
at
the
beginning
there
were
there
was
a
bunch
of
the
big
fish
and
these
tiny
ones,
and
they
were
able
to
hide
that
we
set
up
a
little
cage
for
them.
Little
protective
environments
there,
but
you
want
to
be
able
to
make
sure
that
the
young
fish
live
so
and
you
want
to.
A
If
you
want
to
run
an
operation
where
you're
controlling
the
numbers
and
she
can
produce
on
a
in
a
reliable
way,
then
you
want
to
set
up
an
independent
tank
for
for
breeding
them.
So
you
have
a
reliable
restocking.
Population
say
after
harvest,
okay
and
our
idea
was
to
do
two
ponds
and
that
was
for
resilience
and
there
that's
actually
troublesome,
and
we
went
to
a
single
pond
in
the
next
iteration.
So,
just
to
tell
you
what
happened
if
you
look
at
right
here,
you
can
see.
A
A
Even
if
you
have
automation,
we
decided
to
go
away
from
this
middle
walkway.
So
you
have
these
two
ponds,
one
here,
one
there,
but
the
idea
is
that
if
you
empty
one
pond,
you
have
all
the
weight
of
that
water
from
the
other
pond
pressing
against
this
wall,
which
here
is
only
30
inches
wide
and
that
actually
can
put
a
lot
of
stress
on
that
mean
tons
of
stress
on
that
wall
and
it
makes
it
cave
in
to
the
other
pond
and
that's
exactly
what
happened.
A
So
we
had
some
cave
and
a
little
bit
of
cave,
and
so
we
don't
recommend
this
under
the
assumption
that
at
one
point
or
another
you're
going
to
drain
upon
by
mistake,
so
to
do
to
get
away
from
that,
we
were
designing
for
one
pond.
That's
what
we
built
the
last
time.
So
another
feature
of
this
is
the
of
this:
greenhouse
is
a
chicken
house
where
we
get
we
get
chicken
eggs
daily,
they're
still
producing
right
now,
Brown
get
brown
eggs,
green
eggs,
wide
10
eggs
set
some
of
our
crop
from
the
summer.
A
That's
also
some
potatoes.
We
grew
in
a
greenhouse
potatoes.
Don't
do
really
well
because
it
gets
too
hot
for
them,
but
actually
sweet
potatoes.
Do
really
well,
we've
had
it,
so
we
also
did
the
the
mushrooms
it
was
part
of
the
greenhouse.
We
planted
five
buckets
up.
We've
documented
the
full
procedure
on
wiki.
You
can
link
to
click
on
this
link
here,
but
basically,
what
you
do
is
use.
A
One
way
to
grow
mushrooms
is
to
soak
straw
in
water
for
a
week
until
it
ferments,
and
then
you
put
the
grain
spawn
of
the
mushrooms
in
there.
You
layer
that
into
the
buckets
you
poke
little
half-inch
holes
into
the
buckets
and
the
mushrooms
grow
out
of
the
buckets
side.
So
out
of
this
five
tower
height
of
mushrooms,
we
got
12
pounds
of
mushrooms
like
this
over
a
period
of
90
days.
A
A
Inoculant
or
or
the
mushrooms
mushroom
live
mushrooms
in
a
in
a
solution
you
can
propagate
them
using
the
techniques
that
Peter
McCoy
has
has
documented
for
us
to
do
to
do
basically
to
propagate
your
own
mushrooms,
get
the
mushroom
spawn
yourself
in
a
kitchen
environment
by
using
these
clean
room
techniques
on
your
kitchen
kitchen
top.
So
full
details
are
on
the
wiki
on
that,
so
how
we
typically
start
with
what
we
did
was
we
planted
seeds
and
perlite
for
the
plants?
That's
perlite
there.
A
That's
that's
lettuce,
bok,
choy
and
kale
in
this
picture
here,
then
we
transplanted
these
into
net
pots.
That's
where
a
little
bit
of
3d
printing
came
and
we
took
out
the
3d
printer
and
print
out
a
bunch
of
these
net
pots
which
go
inside
all
these
holes
in
the
towers,
so
you
plant
the
little
perlite
and
the
the
plants
in
these
little
net
pots,
which
are
one
inch
across
just
tiny
little
net
pots.
You
put
them
in
holes
in
these
four
inch
growing
too.
So
that's
what
we're
using!
A
We
use
five
inch
sections
of
four
inch
diameter
PVC
pipe.
We
make
these.
What
you
do
is
you
mark
all
the
hole
locations
you
use
a
chop
saw
to
to
make
a
slit.
Then
you
heat
it
up
with
a
heat
gun
and
we
have
a
whole
procedure
on
that.
There's
a
wiki
link,
I'll
everyone
will
get
access
to
this.
Basically,
you
stick
a
bottle
into
the
slit
that
you've
made
and
you
remit
out
after
you've
heated
it
with
a
heat
gun
and
you
get
these
nice
structures.
A
They
look
like
they're
professionally
made,
but
that's
just
heated,
you
cut
it.
You
heat
it
and
you
remit
out
with
a
bottle
and
inside
you
see
that
that's
the
nature
of
the
medium.
That's
inside
it's
a
foam
type
material,
it's
reticulated,
foam
the
links
for
the
sourcing
and
that
are
also
online
each
piece
of
foam
for
a
five
foot
length.
A
Sorry,
these
are
actually
three
foot
lengths
cost
a
dollar
seventy-five,
but
you
have
to
order
it
in
bulk.
However,
but
one
one
section
of
to
being
the
10-footer
costs
about
seven
dollars
such
a
big
box
store,
then
you
got
for
ten
feet
and
then
you
got
a
dollar
seventy-five
of
this
foam
for
each
one
of
these
towers,
and
then
you
use
hanger
wire
to
hang
this
and
the
way
you
connect
them
together.
A
Some
of
the
tubing
has
bailed
bottoms,
so
we
can
slip
one
and
through
the
other
and
screw
them
in
or
you
can
drill
a
little
hole
on
the
side
and
use
hanger
wire
to
connect
the
two
pieces
together.
So
you
can
make
a
three
foot
tower
a
six
foot
tower
right
now
in
an
old
greenhouse
the
2015
version,
we've
got
six
foot
towers,
which
you
saw
in
all
the
pictures
and
then
a
new
new
greenhouse
that
we
built
is
a
little
taller.
A
It's
actually
that's
one
picture
of
the
new
greenhouse,
we're
using
10
foot
towers,
the
full
10
foot,
lengths
hanging
from
the
ceiling
now
I
want
to
talk
about
the
hillbilly
heater.
One
of
the
big
issues
about
that
we
learned
about
the
ponds
are
that
the
ground,
so
the
ponds
are
four
foot
deep
over
meter,
deep
they're,
reaching
pretty
much
into
that
area
of
the
ground,
which
is
about
60
Fahrenheit
year
round.
A
So
we
have
two
inch
insulation,
foam
insulation
underneath
the
the
liner,
the
liner,
is
a
double
layer
of
ten
mil
poly
and
that's
worked
well
for
us
in
the
old
greenhouse
we've
got
that
polyethylene
layer,
there's
the
insulation
underneath
it
and
then
the
ground.
We
were
just
digging
a
hole
in
the
with
a
backhoe
in
the
ground
before
we
build
the
greenhouse
to
build
the
ponds,
so
we're
not
using
tanks.
A
This
way
we're
able
to
for
about
five
hundred
dollars
we're
able
to
build
a
three
thousand
gallon
pond,
which
would
otherwise
cost
you
a
few
times
more
than
that.
If
you
get
a
big
pond,
but
idea
was
to
use
three
thousand
gallons
so
that
we
have
ample
space,
we
can
stock
the
fish
at
low
density.
Without
you
know,
without
worrying
about
all
the
balance
and
all
the
things
that
can
go
wrong,
we're
trying
to
run
it
at
a
light
load
by
using
a
large
pool
of
water,
which
is
good
thermal
thermal
properties.
A
It
keeps
the
greenhouse
warm
traps
heat,
but
we
found
it
doesn't
trap
so
much
heat.
That's
why
we're
going
to
basically
right
now
without
heating,
like
towards
the
end
of
the
the
summer,
once
it
starts
cooling
off
you're,
going
dropping
right
down
to
60
Fahrenheit,
even
though
in
the
greenhouse
you
could
be
90
or
you
know
it's
really
a
hundred
twenty
at
the
top
on
a
typical
sunny
day.
You'll
get
without
with
all
the
windows
closed.
You'll
get
a
hundred
twenty
Fahrenheit.
A
This
was
just
recently
in
November
over
a
hundred
Fahrenheit
towards
the
ceiling
and
sixty
Fahrenheit
at
the
at
the
bottom.
During
the
day
when
it's
sunny,
so
there's
all
that
heat
upstairs,
but
nothing
downstairs
in
the
ponds
and
because
there's
plants
there
there
there
shading
a
lot
of
the
the
ponds
from
the
direct
solar
gain.
So
if
we
didn't
heat
in
the
summer,
you'd
get
close
to
60
60
65,
even
in
the
summer,
when
it's
so
hot,
in
a
greenhouse,
really
bad
thermal
transfer.
A
So
to
address
that
we're
using
this
hillbilly
heater,
basically
you're
right
now,
we're
installing
1500
feet
of
half
inch
tubing
in
the
greenhouse
which
does
direct
heat
exchange
with
the
water,
so
you're
trapping
the
hot
water
from
the
the
heat
of
the
Sun
from
the
top
of
the
greenhouse.
So
there's
both
the
direct
thermal
gain
as
well
as
some
conduction,
because
it's
so
hot
up
there
and
we're
pumping
that
water
directly
into
the
ponds
and
our
solution
for
the
heat
of
the
ponds,
because
right
now,
we've
kept
them
about
70,
Fahrenheit
winter
and
summer.
A
So
one
thing
we
learned
is
that,
because
these
fish
want
to
be
more
like
80
than
70
every
10
degrees
of
temperature,
you
double
the
growth
rate,
so
we
could
in
principle,
be
doubling
the
growth
rate
of
the
fish
by
using
the
hotter
water
that
till
a
PR
hot
water
fish.
They
grow
fast
at
the
hotter
temperature.
So
that's
a
critical
thing:
we
learn
we.
A
Well,
the
tubes
at
the
top
of
the
towers,
you
run
little
eighth
inch
tubes
into
the
top
of
the
towers,
but
they
clog
up
all
the
time
once
the
fish
system
gets
all
fished
up
and
the
fish
are
pooping
in
there
there's
a
lot
of
waste
material
floating
in
the
water,
because
these
are
the
filters.
The
the
towers
are
the
filter.
We
are
not
actually
not
doing
any
other
filtering
outside
of
occasional
watering
of
all
the
different
plants
there
in
the
greenhouse,
like,
for
example,
in
this
summer,
we
we
flooded
all
the
nut
nut
plants.
A
I
used
a
lot
of
water.
So
a
lot
of
that
fish
waste
also
went
into
the
growing
troughs
on
the
sides
of
the
greenhouse,
but
most
of
the
filtration
is
occurring
through
the
towers,
so
they're
going
to
plug
up
the
little
one.
Eighth
inch
holes
are
going
to
plug
up
all
the
time,
so
you
can
of
course
go
to
hire.
A
You
know
bigger
hole
like
a
half
inch,
but
then,
if
you
have
a
22
towers
or
48,
which
we
have
right
now,
a
44
right
now,
that's
a
lot
of
water
pressure
that
you
need
to
pump.
If
you
had
half
inch
holes
so
right
now
we're
using
a
small,
a
hundred
watt
submersible
pump
with
about
seven
gallons
per
minute
to
to
flood
all
the
towers
with
a
drip,
but
that
gets
plugged
up.
A
So
our
idea
next
is,
is
to
go
to
automation,
actually
and
hook
up
a
small
number
of
towers
like
we're
thinking
about
5
and
this
we're
currently
working
on
this,
but
basically
use
a
large
number
of
water,
solenoids
and
Arduino
control
or
microcontroller,
and
little
Sol
annoyed
valves
that
so
these
are
the
valves.
These
are
just
plain,
washer
solenoids
that
you
get
from
a
washer.
Each
one
of
them
has
two
channels
water
goes
in
there.
You
can
turn
on
one
or
the
other
automatically
using
your
Arduino
microcontroller.
It's
an
open
source
controller.
A
The
little
diaphragm
pump
has
35
psi,
so
that
should
with
no
problem
blow
any
stuck
and
that's
that's
fish
waste,
primarily
just
little
chunks
of
fish
waste,
typically
or
anything
else
that
gets
into
the
pump.
You
can
force
that
through.
If
you
have
a
water
system
that
uses
a
very
small
pump,
and
then
you
just
switch
a
small
section
of
your
watering
system
on
at
one
time
now,
of
course,
you
can
go
to
a
huge
pump
and
just
blow
force.
A
You
know
hammer
through
it
using
a
large
pump,
but
one
of
the
constraints
here
is
low
energy
use
as
little
energy
as
you
can
to
water.
The
entire
system
so
right
now
we're
using
currently
we're
using
two
60-watt
pumps
in
the
next
iteration
we're
actually
going
to
the
system.
That's
going
to
feed
all
the
all.
A
The
hanging
towers
is
going
to
be
a
single
wat
pomp,
a
35
35
psi
small
diaphragm
pump,
that's
DC
running
straight
off
the
PV
panels
that
we
have,
and
that
will
be
enough,
so
just
20
watts
to
water
all
your
towers,
because
we're
switching
from
one
one
of
them
to
the
next
basically
switch
at
whatever
pattern.
We
want
right
now
we're
designing
a
system
with
16,
solenoids
and
16
on
and
off
banks.
A
So
if
you've
got
with
16
solenoids
and
about
50
towers,
you
can
run
three
towers
/
solid,
but
we
also
want
to
do
other
things
like
one
other
thing
that
we
definitely
want
to
do
for
automation
is
watering.
The
the
chicken
the
worms
under
the
chickens
in
the
summer
gets
really
dry
under
the
chickens
where
they
poop
and
there's
the
warm
worm,
worms
that
live
in
there.
It
just
dries
out.
A
That's
been
our
experience,
so
we
want
to
use
the
automation
for
that
as
well
as
well
as
for
other
parts
which
I'll
get
into
the
the
duckweed
troughs,
which
are
actually
a
complex
engine,
semi
complex
engineering
problem.
How
do
you
I'll
talk
about
the
duck
read
troughs
later
here,
but
okay,
so
part
of
the
nut
breeding
experiments
here
was
one
interesting
thing
about
3d
printing,
like
I,
showed
you
the
these
3d
printed
parts.
Well,
when
we
did
the.
A
If
you
go
back
to
the
very
beginning
where
we
have
our
our
nut
plantation
here,
we're
growing
out
10,000,
hazelnuts!
Well
in
these
pictures
here
those
had
automatic
watering,
semi
automatic
watering.
We
basically
filled
the
top
trough,
I
turn
on
a
pump,
fill
the
top
trough
and
then
the
water
in
the
troughs
on
the
side.
Here,
the
wooden
structures
that
you
see
they
would
stay
there
for
a
few
hours
to
get
bottom
watering
to
the
hazelnut
plants.
A
The
fitting
allows
you
to
fill
up
the
troughs
to
about
24
bottom
watering,
but
then
it
allows
the
water
to
drip
slowly
out
to
the
bottom
and
in
order
for
the
troughs
not
to
overflow
and
your
first
flooding
this,
you
have
a
big
hole
in
the
top
of
this
fitting.
So
just
to
show
you
what
I
mean
precisely.
A
This
is
the
fitting.
This
is
actually
the
fitting
that's.
It's
fully
documented
you're,
actually
download
the
3d
print
file,
but
a
fitting
which
allows
you
basically
to
clamp
on
to
the
troughs.
It's
a
basically,
that's
the
where
the
wood
of
whatever
trucks
you
have
or
whatever
container
you
have.
You
got.
You've
got
a
nut
that
screws
on
and
you
grab
onto
a
piece
of
wood.
A
There's
a
there's,
a
washer
rubber,
washer
I
just
cut
out
it's
a
threaded
fitting
that
allows
water
to
spill
over
the
top
and
go
over
the
top
to
flood
the
bottom
more
of
the
bottom
troughs,
because
there
were
three
layers
so
that
water
was
flooded
into
the
top
troughs.
Then
it
just
overflowed
into
the
the
two
layers
below
through
the
big
opening
in
this
fitting.
Now
you
want
that
water
to
leak
out
of
that
over
time.
A
So
there
was
a
little
tiny
weep
hole
towards
the
bottom
of
this
fitting
where
the
water
would
drip
out
over
like
a
few
hours.
So
that's
an
example
were
3d
printing
is
actually
quite
useful
because
you
can't
get
this
type
of
fitting
it.
With
this
system
of
planting
those
10,000
hazelnuts
would
have
been
really
hellish
if
I
had
to
water.
That
I
mean
I
watered
it
every
other
day
so
and
it
would
take
an
hour
and
a
half
to
water
everything
by
hand,
so
I'm
saving
all
that
time.
A
What
I
did
was
just
flood
turn
on
the
pump.
It
would
drip
drip
into
the
top
cop.
So
just
to
explain
this
is
actually
quite
useful
for
anyone
who
wants
to
do
this,
you,
you
flood
the
top
layer.
It
drips
down
to
the
second
layer,
then
to
the
bottom
layer,
and
then
it
overflows
back
into
the
pond.
So
just
by
turning
in
a
pompon
and
walking
away,
I
was
I
was
confident
that
all
the
plants
would
be
watered
and
then
just
come
back
in
to
turn
the
pump
off.
A
A
Let's
talk
about
some
of
the
problematic
issues
and
the
pH
balance
is
a
critical
issue
that
you
got
to
concern
yourself
with
in
a
in
a
system
like
this,
because
the
the
fish
and
the
water
system
tends
to
make
the
pH
around
more,
like
88,
ph
with
all
the
biological
activity
and
plants
like
more
of
a
pH,
five
or
six.
So
there's
a
inherent
battle
going
on
in
the
pH
level
that
the
plants
want
plants
want
something
different
than
the
fish
and
that's
one
of
the
challenges
of
an
aquaponics
system.
A
A
Where
we
now,
what
we're
doing
now
is
using
the
the
little
net
pots
we're
putting
perlite
directly
into
them,
putting
the
seeds
into
those
and
then
transplanting
the
net
pot
into
the
deep
pod,
the
little
little
propagation
pod
that
we're
sticking
into
the
tower,
so
the
plants
are
actually
growing
in
soil
now.
The
next
iteration
of
that
is,
of
course
well.
If
we
did
all
those
hazelnuts
like
we
did,
why
not
plant
the
plants,
the
little
lettuces
right
in
the
same
pots
that
we
used
for
the
the
hazelnuts
those
are
hundred
plant
trays.
A
You
see
a
little
bit
of
those
with
the
white
pots
there
and
that's
fully
documented
once
again
on
the
wiki
above
the
sourcing
for
those
plant,
the
seedlings
of
the
your
food
crop
directly
in
those
and
then
put
them
in
the
towers.
So
how
long
does
it
take
you
to
do
a
plant,
a
seed,
a
second
or
a
few
seconds?
How
long
does
it
take
you
to
transplant
it
into
the
towers
another
few
seconds,
so
it
could
be
a
really
optimal
way
to
plant.
A
You
know
plant,
you
know
15
20
50
plants
a
day
and
then
transplant
them
directly
into
the
towers
in
their
final
pots
and
and
therefore
you're
also
addressing
the
pH
issues.
Because
right
now
we
pretty
much
don't
measure
the
pH
anymore.
We're
just
sending
forget
that,
let's,
let's
give
the
plants
a
little
bit
of
a
soil
buffer
so
that
they're
not
living
with
a
pH
of
the
of
the
ponds
and
to
date
we
haven't
figured
out
how
to
keep
that
balance.
Yeti
I
mean
you.
A
You
do
various
additives
to
reduce
the
pH,
but
then
we
did
that
like,
for
example,
we
put
vinegar,
there's
one
way
to
do
it
and
then
but
the
pH.
So
it
went
down
to
your
six
or
seven
about
seven
ph.
You
want
to
keep
it
about
seven
neutral
to
as
an
interim
between
it
was
a
good
good
balance,
but
then
again
it
just
did
the
day
after
a
few
days
after
when
went
back
up
to
ph
of
eight
or
8.5.
So
we
said
okay
forget
about
that.
A
Now
we're
planting
things
in
pots
and
then
planting
the
little
pots
like
you
see
here
right
here.
No,
no,
not
in
this
picture,
might
have
some
pictures
later.
So
let's
continue
about
the
different
techniques.
So
there's
the
automation,
there's
the
3d
printed
fittings.
There's
the
some
chlorosis
issues.
Nutri
plant
nutrition
issues
from
the
plant
plants.
We've
seen
really
good
success
with
the
BOK
Choy's,
the
kales.
They
always
grow
pesto
pesto.
What
is
that
basil
grows
really
well?
A
A
Hey
Fitz
are
a
big
issue.
You
have
to
deal
with
like
here.
Oh
here,
a
little
integrated
pest
management.
This
is
that
praying
mantis.
You
see
this
load
of
pests.
You
got
you
CRA
fits
here,
but
this
mantis
might
be
taken
care
of
them.
I
haven't
seen
it
in
there,
but
we
put
that
in
the
greenhouse
when
we
caught
that
during
the
workshop
integrated
pest
management,
you
got
tree
frogs
that
are
in
there
and
toads
also
these.
But
what
happened
with
these?
We
release
these.
Just
about
two
weeks
ago,
they
munch
down
all
the
aphids.
A
You
see
that
I
think
the
dead
aphid
bodies
on
them
on
the
leaves
here,
but
now
I
don't
see
a
lot
of
them
anymore.
I
know
if
they
went
to
hibernate
or
they're,
not
there
or
they
ran
away
I
mean
maybe
there's
some
holes
in
the
greenhouse
that
we're
missing,
but
that's
an
issue
that
we're
facing
right
now.
Definitely
there's
a
lot
of
aphids
right
now.
That's
why
we
got
the
ladybugs.
A
We
planted
a
whole
bunch
of
napa
cabbage,
it's
growing
well,
except
for
a
for
an
aphid
infestation
like
here.
You
see
this
is
arugula.
This
does
also
have
an
aphid
infestation
and
last
towards
last
winter,
last
January,
when
we
had
the
bok
choy,
the
beautiful
load
of
bok
choy
growing,
the
eighth,
the
aphids
were
decimated
by
the
ladybugs
I
mean
the
ladybugs
propagated
like
crazy.
They
were
all
over.
A
The
place
like
each
plant
would
have
a
lot
a
lot
of
your
ladybugs
and
ladybug
larvae
and
eggs,
and
we
had
no
problem,
but
right
now
we're
actually
I,
don't
know
what
happened
to
the
Athens.
Here's
some
other
pest
damage.
These
are
these
little
beetles
that
look
like
Colorado
beetles,
but
they're.
Not
so
that's
Peston,
integrated
pest
management
is
definitely
something
you
have
to
master
and
it's
the
whole
balance
of
what
what's
living
in
your
soil
like
what?
A
What
you're,
keeping
around
like
the
ladybugs
I
mean
we're
hoping
that
we
have
a
constant
population
of
them,
so
they
can
do
their
business
on
the
nut
population.
We
had
a
major
major
outbreak
of
fungus
gnats
and
we
took
care
of
them
by
getting
a
shipment
of
parasitic
nematodes
that
took
care
of
those,
but
we
lost
about
twenty
five
percent
of
the
hazelnuts
so
you're
talking
about
like
like
like
thousand
or
two
thousand
of
them,
because
we
had
10,000
growing.
A
We
lost
a
large
number
due
to
fungus
gnats,
which
we
took
care
of
with
parasitic
nematodes,
which
we
just
sprayed
onto
the
plants
and
into
the
soil,
and
that
took
completely
took
care
of
the
the
fungus
gnats,
but
we
do
see
some
fungus
gnats
around
their
store.
Now
here's
the
gone
to
the
next
greenhouse
here
we
have
the.
What
you
see
here
is
the
new
build
with
the
10
foot
tall
green
house
here
at
the
back,
it's
10
feet.
The
walls
are
8
feet.
A
You
see
the
towers
that
are
not
hung
yet,
but
here's
the
pond
that
we
saw
in
this
house
we're
actually
doing
an
autonomous
system
on
water,
both
water
and
energy.
So
we
just
dug
a
this
is
just
from
a
couple
of
days
ago,
a
30
thousand
gallon
pond
right
southeast
of
the
greenhouse,
which
will
provide
the
water
both
for
the
aquaponics
and
for
the
house
after
a
filtration
system,
so
we're
experimenting
with
an
a
completely
autonomous
water
and
energy
system
in
the
in
the
greenhouse.
A
So
the
big
question
that
we
asked
ourselves
at
the
very
beginning
of
this
experiment
is
is
a
crazy,
productive
greenhouse
like
this,
which
you
know
we're
seeing
some
evidence
of
good
productivity.
The
fish
we
haven't
harvested,
even
one
fish.
Yet
though,
and
we
did
have
rabbits,
which
one
of
them
ran
away,
and
we
didn't
have
success
with
that.
We
gave
that
up
primarily
because
my
partner
didn't
want
to
eat
those
because
they're
furry.
So
that's
one
of
the
you
know.
Human
issues
are
also
there,
like
you
know,
are
you
eating
your
animals?
A
A
Well,
let's
look
at
basic
principles
in
the
green
house
that
we
built,
which
is
800
square
feet,
you're
getting
about
70
kilowatts
of
solar
input
and
the
bottom
line
is:
do
you
have
the
first
principle,
solar
energy,
to
produce
that
food
that
we
as
humans
are
eating?
So
we
go
to
plants?
They
can't
rap
about
one
percent
of
that
solar
energy
and
convert
that
into
plant
biomass.
It's
the
lettuce,
it's
the
it's,
the
potato
that
you
eat.
So
that's
about
10
watts,
per
square
meter
at
optimum
efficiency
on
average
for
average
plants.
A
That
means
you're
trapping
700
watts
of
food
energy
as
the
maximum
possible.
If
you
use
all
the
space
in
the
greenhouse
now,
that's
at
one
percent
conversion.
Right
now
there
are
plants.
There
are
more
than
one
percent
like
two
three
four
five
percent
like
like
I,
believe
sugarcane
is
like
in
a
five
percent
or
so
for
the
conversion
rate
of
solar
energy
into
plant
mass
or
the
sugars
in
the
plant,
but
say
you
have
700
watts
of
income
coming
in
well,
an
average
human
uses,
a
hundred
watts
of
power.
A
So
if
you
were
to
take
that
food
that
you
grew
in
a
greenhouse,
you
can
in
principle
well,
you
have
to
you,
can
imprint.
Let's
say
you
can
in
principle
support
a
human
or
two,
but
you
also
have
to
consider
that
the
Sun
doesn't
shine
at
night
and
we
need
food.
You
know
we
use
energy
day
and
night,
so
you
really
have
to
have
the
700
in
two
by
two
like.
A
If
half
the
day
is
this
day
or
even
by
four,
if
you've
got
the
you
know
this,
you
know
essentially
like
six
growing
hours,
you're
in
the
northern
climates
or
something
but
say
you
have.
You
know
12
12
hours
of
sunlight,
maybe,
but
you
still
have
to
have
that
700
watts
by
two
saloons.
So
half
that
is
350
watts
of
available
food
energy
that
you
have
well.
If
cumin
uses
a
hundred
watts,
that's
marginally,
you
know
two
humans
would
be
say:
150
each
100
hundred
fifty,
so
two
humans
would
be
about
300
watts.
A
So
in
principle,
it's
if
you,
if
you're
growing,
you're
you're
trapping
the
energy
and
in
the
plants
and
you're
eating
the
plants,
you
can
in
principle
get
a
full
full
diet.
Now,
that's
assuming
that
you're
not
putting
in
any
extra
food
into
that
system.
What's
food
like
chicken
food
rabbit,
feed
fish
food?
If
you
add
those
into
the
system,
then
it's
pretty
trivial
actually
to
get
your
full
diet.
So
the
question
becomes:
how
do
you
generate
the
animal
feed?
Well,
why
do
I
say
it's
easy
to
get
all
your
food
from
that
green
as
well?
A
Just
have
a
bunch
of
rabbits
in
there
have
a
bunch
of
chickens
have
a
bunch
of
fish.
Just
just
take
the
fish
in
a
three
thousand
gallon
pond
that
low
stocking
efficiency
you
can
stock
300
pounds
of
fish
very
very
easily.
The
fish
growth
rate
is
one
percent,
so
you're
getting
three
pounds
of
fish
mass
per
day.
Now
that's
enough
to
feed
pretty
much
a
full
diet
for
a
person.
Can
you
survive
on
three
pounds
of
fish
yeah
energetically,
wise
yeah?
A
So
we're
experimenting
on
that,
and
one
thing
you
have
to
ask
is
okay:
let's
talk
about
how
do
you
trap
that
most
effectively
so
I
just
talked
about
the
fish
yields
300
pounds
of
fish
mass
in
a
three
thousand
gallon
pond?
You
can
see
the
tilapia
fish
so
who
feeds
the
fish?
Is
it
the
algae
that
are
growing
in
there?
Well,
let's
talk
about
mushrooms,
also,
let's,
let's
bring
the
mushrooms
in,
because
our
yields
have
been
from
the
five
buckets
that
we
planted.
A
We
we
got
12
pounds
of
mushrooms
over
90
days
now
out
of
a
square
foot
because
they're
vertically
stacked,
that's
awesome.
12
pounds
of
mushrooms
is
not
bad
for
a
1
square
foot
footprint
and
they're
thirty
percent
protein.
As
far
as
the
mushrooms
go,
they
convert
the
straw
which
looks
like
it
has
no
protein
into
a
substance.
That's
thirty
percent
protein!
So
that's
extra
food.
A
But
let's
talk
about
how
you
feed
the
fish,
you
can
say
feed
the
mushrooms
to
the
fish,
but
let's
talk
about
duckweed
in
izola,
which
we
think
has
a
lot
of
potentials.
So
this
is
our
new
floor
plan.
That's
a
new
house
that
and
green
house
that
we
built
3600
gallon
pond
right
here.
There's
the
30
thousand
gallon
pond
I
just
showed
you
the
picture
of
that.
That's
nothing
there,
but
basically
it's
a
house
greenhouse
combination,
the
back
wall
of
the
green
10
foot
tall.
A
So
let's
look
at
the
yields
of
duckweed
that
we
can
get
from
that.
If
you
do,
what
we're
planning
on
is
four
inch
troughs,
essentially
gutters,
so
you
go
to
the
big-box
store,
get
yourself
some
gutters.
There
are
four
dollars
for
ten
feet.
We
can
put
in
ten
rows
of
30
foot
long
gutters
in
that
system.
So
you're
talking
about
each
gutter,
gets
you
about
one
square
meter
of
solar
capture,
so
you
got
10
square
meters
of
solar
capture
area
in
those
gutters
and
a
hundred
grams
is
the
harvest
rate
for
duckweed.
A
So
it's
a
prolific
growing
thing
duck
Rita
Ora
Zola
about
a
hundred
grams
per
square
meter
per
day,
so
we're
talking
about
one
kilogram
harvest
of
duckweed
per
day,
which
is
really
significant
production,
one
kilogram
for
the
fish,
that's
pretty
good!
You
can
see
the
duckweed
izola
pages
on
the
wiki,
but
there's
a
little
trick.
Duckweed
hydraulics
problem
here.
If
you're
going
to
harvest
those
ten
rows,
that's
like
by
hand,
that's
like
impossible.
So
how
do
you
harvest
this
efficiently
and
automatically?
A
A
So
if
you
flood
each
trough
a
certain
amount
at
a
regular
interval,
you
can
be
flushing
some
of
the
older
duckweed
down
down
the
gutter
literally
down
the
spout,
so
you're
feeding
the
fish
through
that,
but
that
would
require
some
timing
issues
and
really
getting
that
down.
We
haven't
done
that,
but
that's
what
we're
planning
on
if
we're
going
to
make
this
efficient,
we
definitely
want
to
put
it
as
part
of
an
automated
system.
So
as
far
as
closing
the
loop
I
do
think
that
is
still
possible.
A
It
would
be
very
hard
to
do
it
if
you
just
rely
on
an
inherent
energy,
though
it's
I
mean
that's
we're
looking
at
I
mean
really
experimenting
with
what
what's
the
limit
with
all
the
gutter
gutters
for
izola
and
then
the
mushroom
growing
and
then
detritivores
your
worm
towers.
We
have
a
bunch
of
worms,
worm
bins
that
are
stacked
vertically,
so
imagine
closing
the
loop
between
the
human,
all
the
wastes
from
the
humans,
the
kitchen
wastes,
possibly
the
biota
jester
waste
with
which
we
have
which
we
are
building
into
this
house.
A
If
you
include
starting
cleaning
the
detritivores
and
growing
things
like
worms
like
red
worms
or
other
critters
that
feed
on
dead
matter
like
mushrooms
that
feed
on
dead
dead,
biomass,
you
can
definitely
talk
about
harvest
having
plenty
of
nutrients
in
there
to
feed
a
person
and
we're
just
trying
to
see
what
the
limits
are
in
terms
of
feasibility
in
the
summer,
you
can
have
an
outdoor
pond
where
the
fish
can.
You
can
transfer
some
of
the
fish
into
an
outdoor
pond,
because
it's
hot
in
the
summer
here.
A
So
that's
another
way
to
increase
your
growing
your
area.
If
you
talk
about
the
area
surrounding
the
greenhouse
immediately,
then
you
can
harvest
the
biomass.
There.
I
mean
your
grass
clippings
for
rabbit
food
or
other
plans
for
for
animal
feed.
I.
Think
one
good
way
for
just
that's
robust
just
about
anywhere
is,
if
you
have
a
pelletizer
and
a
grinder,
you
can
take
straw
and
awful
like
a
butcher.
Shop.
Awful,
which
is
high
nutrient
waste
from
from
butcher
shops,
grind
that
up
together
into
pellets
and
make
your
own
fish
food.
A
A
Animals
which
is
nuts
not
so
great,
but
I
mean
you
are
recycling,
it's
not
not
too
bad,
but
if
you
combine
the
duck
weeds
in
the
gutters
red
worms
and
vertical
towers
that
you
can
get
huge
productivity
out
of
the
towers,
I
mean
you
know
one
square
foot,
but
you
go
vertically,
that's
a
huge
growing
area
and
but
then
for
red
worms.
You'd
have
to
talk
about.
Well,
how
do
you
harvest
them
effectively
so
that
it's
not
a
chore
that
you
can
actually
manage
that
within
a
short
you
know
within
a
base
time
so
you're.
A
This
is
not
a
chore
but
something
that
you're
just
pretty
pretty
much
harvesting.
You
have
to
automate
that
somehow
have
a
worm
collector,
somehow
grass
and
hay
from
the
outside
of
the
greenhouse
outdoor
pond
integration.
In
the
summer
algae
bioreactor,
which
we're
still
working
on,
we
haven't
implemented
any
algae
growth.
We
are
trying
to
do
spirulina
as
a
human
superfood
in
the
greenhouse
as
well.
We
haven't
succeeded
in
that
yet
so,
all
in
all
we're
very
optimistic.
This
is
the
recent
build.
A
We
are
as
happy
as
that
about
it,
we're
going
to
add
all
the
automation
in
there
the
hillbilly
heater
we're
running
directly
off
the
PV
panels
there
behind
her.
So
a
lot
of
the
fans,
water
pumps
and
everything
else
that
can
be
done
in
a
day
time
we're
planning
on
running
everything
in
the
daytime,
so
we
use
minimal
power
overnight
so
that
we
literally
can
get
away
with
hardly
any
of
a
battery
bank
to
power
up
the
house
because
we're
running
all
the
loads
in
the
daytime,
so
various
strategies
to
do
that.
A
But
one
major
issue
that
we're
running
into
you
definitely
have
to
have
circulation
in
there,
because
right
now,
I,
don't
have
a
picture
here,
but
I
mean
we
have
mold
growing
on
some
of
our
plants
right
now
in
a
greenhouse
because
it's
really
humid
in
there
and
we're
not
running
fans
inner
in
the
summer.
We,
as
you
see
in
this
picture,
the
bottom
of
the
panels
is
open
about
and
the
very
top
is
open.
A
Well,
so
we
have
a
natural
thermal
siphon
happening
for
cooling
such
that
in
a
summer
with
you
know
how
I
mentioned
was
super
hot
at
the
top
well
in
most
of
the
greenhouse.
It
was
just
about
hot
as
outside,
because
you
get
that
constant
air
flow
just
passively.
But
now
we
closed
up
the
green
house
because
it's
closed
up
all
the
vents,
because
it's
cold
and
now
we're
getting
mold
problem,
so
we
actually
definitely
have
to
definitely
definitely
have
to
add
fans
which
we
didn't
know
this
last
winter,
because
there
was
nothing
growing.
A
Last
November
we
just
started
the
growing
in
November,
so
we
didn't
run
into
that
problem
last
year,
but
we're
very
happy
with
the
opening
windows
at
the
bottom
and
the
top,
which
gets
you
a
natural
circulation.
But
right
now
we're
going
to
run
little
DC
fans
which
are
bilge
fans
from
boats,
12-volt
fans
or
24
volt
fans
directly
of
the
PV
panel,
so
that
so
that
in
the
daytime
you're
blowing
air
around
you
definitely
want
to
have
a
lot
of
airflow
in
a
greenhouse.
A
The
fans
are
a
necessity,
the
major
improvement
we
need
to
trap
the
heat
from
the
top
of
the
greenhouse
and
put
it
into
the
ponds,
and
hence
the
hillbilly
heater
that
we
call
it
we're
going
to
have
a
heat
exchanger.
That's
another
hillbilly
heater
at
the
top
of
this
greenhouse,
which
is
heating
up
water
in
the
daytime
and
then
using
a
radiator,
that's
inside
the
house,
with
a
fan
behind
it
to
blow
hot
air
minus
the
moisture
into
the
house.
A
So
that's
our
strategy
for
for
this
time
around
in
this
new
construction,
now
I
mentioned
that
just
11
more
thermal
thermal
design
point
in
this
greenhouse.
We
have
a
brick
wall
about
8
feet
of
brick
wall.
It's
a
thermal
mass
back
there,
so
we're
using
that
for
heat,
absorption
and
slow
heat
release.
A
The
temperature
I
checked
was
wasn't.
Temperature
was
lack
of
water
that
Tom
that
killed
off
a
few
plants,
but
other
than
that.
We're
quite
optimistic
about
the
future
on
this
and
we're
just
getting
the
started.
Putting
in
all
the
towers
we're
going
to
fill
the
back
with
the
izola
duckweed
troughs
the
front
will
have
on
this
front
and
sides,
we
will
have
troughs
for
growing
beds,
so
we
could
do
things
like
root
crops.
A
The
what
we're
going
to
have
is
january.
Twenty,
I
believe,
is
going
to
be
a
next
webinar
on
the
design
of
the
house
and
greenhouse
there's
going
to
be
one
session,
one
webinar
session,
where
you
learn
how
to
use
sweet
home
3d,
which
is
the
open
source
3d
cad
for
interior
design,
which
were
using
to
design
all
of
our
houses
and
greenhouses.
These
are
all
panels.
These
are
four
by
eight
front
wall
panels
for
the
greenhouse
there's
four
x:
16
roof
panels.
A
This
is
a
mod,
complete
modular
building
system
that
we're
improving
and
adding
on
to
so
you
can
download
all
these
these
parts
and
design
your
own
greenhouse
and
then
you
can
modify
them
but
to
learn
how
to
do
that.
We're
going
to
have
a
webinar
on
that
sweet
right
now
you
can
download
all
the
files
and
sweet
home
3d,
so
you
can
make
your
own
designs,
but
anyway,
we're
quite
excited
about
this,
and
maybe
I'd
like
to
open
this
up
to
any
questions.
I
wrap
up
here
and
take
a
few
few
questions.
A
I
do
see
a
question
here:
700
watts
and
100
watts
per
what
time
frame.
That
is
a
rate,
so
that
means
joules
per
second.
So
that's
whenever
the
sun
is
shining,
you
get
that
rate
of
energy
flow.
So
the
question
that
you
might
be
asking
is
what
hours
which
is
had
that?
What
time
frame
you
get
that,
for
so
over,
say
you
got
six
hours
of
light
during
the
day
you
would
have
a
hundred
watt
times
six
hours,
so
600
watt
hours,
that's
energy.
A
The
hundred
watts
the
wat
is
a
power
which
is
a
rate,
so
it's
a
little
different,
but
from
first
principles
it's
marginally
possible,
if
you're
absolutely
efficient,
that
trapping
all
that
energy
and
cheating
a
little
bit
by
using
your
saprophytes,
like
your
worms
and
and
mushrooms
that
eat
that
stuff.
That
already
has
trapped,
solar
energy
that
you
can
collect
from
elsewhere.
You
can
definitely
get
your
full
diet,
I
mean
you
have
to
get
really
smart
to
do
that,
and
you
know
we're
no
way
near
there.
A
We're
just
saying
we're
trying
to
open
up
the
limit
of
possibilities
to
people
to
think
that
even
such
a
small
greenhouse
could
provide
such
a
substantial
part
of
your
diet
and
we're
just
pressing
the
limits
of
then
the
definite
key
to
that
is
using
the
vertical
space.
Without
that
you
wouldn't
get
anywhere.
What
are
the
costs?
The
costs
for
the
first
greenhouse
was
six
thousand
dollars
about
four
thousand
dollars
for
the
greenhouse
structure
and
pond
and
two
thousand
dollars
for
all
the
other
systems.
There
were
chickens
and
we
put
in
the
black
soldier
fly.
A
We
actually
had
aquatic
worms
in
their
system
to
both
the
aquatic
worms
and
the
black
soldier
flies.
We
gave
up
on
we're
not
doing
that
right
now.
For
the
aquatic
worms,
we're
not
sure
about
the
yields
for
the
black
soldier
fly
was
kind
of
more
infrastructure
that
you
need
and
we
didn't
really
get
the
full
open
sourcing
of
the
effective
propagation
methods
for
how
to
run
black
soldier
fly
propagation
in
a
really
reliable
way.
A
So
this
greenhouse
the
new
greenhouse,
which
is
actually
500
square
feet
that
cost
us
a
little
less.
There
was
a
bill
of
materials
cost
for
this
greenhouse
of
four
thousand
dollars,
including
the
towers,
including
the
pond,
and
a
pond
cost
you
a
few
hundred
dollars
in
excavation.
You
have
to
rent
a
backhoe
but
other
than
that.
It's
just
a
bunch
of
lumber
and
a
little
bit
of
insulation
and
the
biggest
cost
is
the
the
double
wall.
A
You
can
do
things
things
like
you
can
grind
up,
CDs,
which
are
made
of
polycarbonate
and
other
things
are
made
of
polycarbonate
to
make
your
own
3d
printing
filament
and
that's
the
route
we're
going
to
basically
make
our
own
greenhouse
glazing
from
the
scrap
waste
stream
from
waste
plastic,
which
polycarbonate
is
a
waste
stream
plastic.
So
that
would
reduce
the
costs
down
way
more
and
actually
for
me
what
I
do
believe
in
a
lot?
Is
you
got
to
go
underground?
Think
about
60
degrees
Fahrenheit
when
you
go
four
feet
down
or
so
year
round.
A
So
the
pit
greenhouse
idea
is
definitely
a
sound
idea
and
that
in
that
place
you
have
to
have
significant
movie
earth
moving
equipment.
Your
solid
excavator
to
dig
all
of
that
area,
but
after
that
you
basically
need
to
cover
the
top
you're.
Reducing
your
greenhouse
glazing
costs,
you're,
just
opening
up
the
top
two
to
the
solar
income
and
you
basically
got
a
hole
in
the
ground.
A
That's
much
warmer
because
think
about
that
on
a
cold
day,
you
could
be
negative
ironhide
here,
compare
that
to
60
Fahrenheit,
that's
a
70
degree,
Fahrenheit
hotter
that
you
have
just
by
using
the
earth
as
an
insulation
when
you
go
underground,
so
there's
huge
thermal
efficiencies
that
are
gained.
If
you
go
underground
but
I
guess
why
doesn't
everybody?
Do
it
I
think
it's
probably
for
the
the
cost
of
excavation?
How
easy
it
is
to
do
that?
A
That's
a
lot
of
work
and
to
stabilize
the
walls,
it's
probably
a
bigger
upfront
investment,
but
over
time,
when
you
consider
the
lifetime
and
all
the
energy
that
a
greenhouse
would
use.
If
you
run
it
year-round,
then
you
definitely
went
out
in
a
pit
greenhouse
scenario.
So
what
was
your
greenhouse
pounds
per
/
800
feet?
A
First
of
all,
we
used
most
of
the
space
during
the
summer
for
the
nut
propagation,
so
all
the
10,000
plants
that
was
not
not
food
growing
space.
As
far
as
the
lettuces
I
mean
the
bok
choy
that
you
see
in
that
picture,
I
mean
there's
hundreds
of
pounds
there
we,
you
know
we
gave
most
of
it
away
to
to
the
animals
and
and
ate
a
bunch
of
that,
but
we
didn't
harvest
a
lot
at
all
because
we're
first
of
all
we're
just
starting
up.
So
we
don't
have
reliable
data
on
that.
A
Outside
of
we
got
12
pounds
of
mushrooms
from
our
five
buckets.
That's
one
number
I
can
give
you
we're
getting.
We
were
getting
in
about
four
eggs
per
day
from
five
chickens
throughout
the
summer
and
right
now
it's
tapering
off.
So
it's
definitely
abundant
eggs,
abundant
greens,
but
we're
just
we're
not
marketing
that
yet,
and
the
next
goal
is
to
show
a
commercially
feasible
operation,
a
small
CSA
that
can
be
run
out
of
this
and
that's
where
we
would
get
more
numbers.
But
we
sorry
we
don't
have
the
data
right
now
to
to
brag
about.
A
Yet
that's
part
of
the
ongoing
experiment
and
we
really
need
a
full-time
person
on
that.
To
make
that
happen,
we
don't
have
the
energy
here
we're
very
busy
with
all
the
other
stuff,
between
open
source,
ecology
and
open
building
stitute.
So
where
we're
going
to
work
on
defining
a
project
proposal
for
a
replicable
community
supporting
community
supported
agriculture
operation,
so
we're
going
to
be
looking
to
recruit
somebody
to
do
that
on
a
full-time
basis
next
year.
A
So
that's
one
thing:
how
many
men
hours
of
labor
for
each
greenhouse,
if
one
were
to
pay
someone
else
to
build
it
well,
I
would
say
if
you
look
at
60
people
over
five
days
over,
say
probably
six
hour
days,
80
times,
6
that's
500
hours
per
day
times
five
days,
2,500
hours,
that's,
I
would
say
at
a
very
inefficient
rate,
well
2000
hours.
Let's
say
that
would
be
a
lot
of
money.
If
you
paid
somebody
ten
bucks
an
hour,
20
bucks
an
hour
that
would
be
twenty
or
forty
thousand
dollars.
A
But
that's
that's
considering
the
workshop
scenario
where
most
of
that
time
is
not
spent
working.
Most
of
that
is
it's
an
inefficient.
You
can
call
it's
and
it's
inefficient
for
the
amount
of
people
we
have
because
we're
doing
education
at
the
same
time
and
teaching
people
how
to
do
that,
but
I
would
say
probably
six
people
in
five
days,
you
could
probably
build
one
with
a
crew
of
six
people
so
about
30
man
days
or
so.
A
Six
people
x
8
hours
about
50
hours
per
day
times
five
days
say
250
hours,
so,
however
much
you're
paying
for
that,
maybe
20
bucks
an
hour,
maybe
five
thousand
dollars.
That's
my
my
basic
guess
on
that.
If
you
have
to
hire
somebody
do
it
so
typically
the
costs
are
if
you're
building
it
yourself,
materials
are
half
and
build
costs.
Labor
costs
are
another
half,
so
that
kind
of
makes
sense
about
five
thousand
dollars.
The
first
greenhouse
cost
us
six
thousand
materials,
the
second
one,
four
thousand
and
materials
so
about
double
of
the
materials
cost.
A
Okay,
yes,
so
what
I'll
do
is
I'm
going
to
post
this
online?
Definitely
for
for
any
of
you
who
are
watching
it,
we
are
going
to
release
that
at
a
later
date
for
the
general
public
for
right
now
you
can
have
a
copy
of
this
to
review
and
I'll
send
out
all
the
links
to
the
different
topics
we
talked
about
today,
yeah.
Definitely
whoever
came
in
late
or
missed
this.
A
You
will
be
able
to
see
a
re-run
of
this
on
video,
we're
recording
this
and
other
than
that
will
open
up
a
discussion
underneath
once
we
post
the
video
for
the
public
will
open
up
comments
underneath
that
so
people
can
ask
more
questions,
but
we
do
have
links
within
its
presentation
I'll,
send
you
the
presentation,
which
is,
I
mean,
I've
got
a
bunch
of
links
within
the
presentations.
Actually
a
google
document,
an
editable
document.
A
Thank
you
for
listening
and
we'll
continue
the
webinar
series
back
in
January
we're
taking
off
for
the
winter
right
now
back
in
January.
Kick
it
back
in
with
about
10,
more
webinars
and
all
other
topics
related
to
the
open
building,
Institute
and
low-cost
housing
for
everyone.
So,
thanks
for
watching
and
we'll
see
you
soon.