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From YouTube: APR 15, 2021 | Redistricting Advisory Commission
Description
City of San José, California
Redistricting Advisory Commission of April 15, 2021
This public meeting will be conducted via Zoom Webinar. For information on public participation via Zoom, please refer to the linked meeting agenda below.
Agenda https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=A&ID=856862&GUID=F14179F3-A780-46E2-AE66-34BD0CC2A51E
A
B
A
A
A
A
A
B
C
D
C
A
D
D
A
D
C
C
C
D
D
I
feel
and
we're
refining
it
a
bit
and
but
nonetheless,
to
have
to
be
able
to
ask
those
fundamental
questions
is
is
the
basis
of
how
we
build
the
future
of
a
community
and
good
democratic
practices
and
and
want
to
work
towards.
You
know
previous
good
efforts
of
community
and
city
council
ideas,
and
thank
you
that
you
are
really
addressing
those
and
those
seem
important
components
and
an
important
part
of
this
entire
process
and
their
ideas.
D
B
A
C
A
Oh
yes,
I
was
like.
I
know
there
was
something
I
needed
to
report
so
we
have
live
transcripts
of
this
meeting.
So
if
you
or
a
member
of
the
public
wants
to
see
on
zoom,
closed
captioning
or
a
transcript,
you
go
to
the
bottom
of
your
screen
and
you
click
live
transcript.
So
I
that's
enabled
it's
approximately
80
accurate
and
it's
kind
of
exciting,
because
you
can
also
view
the
full
transcript.
C
Great,
thank
you
tony
and
I
know
we
have
a
placeholder
here
for
the
consultant,
but
I
believe
we'll
be
hearing
from
the
consultant
in
just
a
moment.
So
if
there's
no
objection
by
our
consultant
we'll
move
on,
there
is
no
public
hearing
tonight.
So
we
will
move
on
to
new
business
item.
Six,
which
is
the
first
item,
is,
and
our
only
item
is
the
redistricting
process.
A
workshop
and
I'll
ask
our
city
clerk
to
introduce
our
consultants
in
the
process.
A
We
have
paul
mitchell
who's
with
redistricting
partners.
I
think
you
guys
are
very
lucky
to
get
redistricting
partners
as
your
redistricting
consultant
they're.
One
of
the
the
top
companies
out
there
that
help
different
agencies
with
redistricting,
and
so
paul
is
here
to
give
you
his.
I
think,
102
redistricting.
B
E
E
So
the
things
I'm
going
to
be
going
over
what
is
redistricting
touching
on
the
federal
state
and
federal
voting
rights
act.
What
gerrymandering
is
what
the
traditional
registering
principles
are:
some
census
data
information,
talk
about
public
input
and
then
go
through
really
kind
of
where
the
rubber
meets
the
roads,
the
methods
for
line
drawing
that
are
used
by
agencies
and
commissions
in
ultimately
getting
to
a
final
plan
and
completing
your
work.
E
So
what
is
redistricting
redistricting
at
the
core
of?
It
is
the
balancing
of
populations-
and
we
do
this
after
every
census,
in
order
to
achieve
a
couple
different
things
to
create
equitable
relationships
between
government
and
the
public
that
it's
serving.
The
first
is
the
idea
of
equal
representation.
E
E
In
that
same
example,
you
might
not
have
all
12
000
being
eligible
voters
or
100
000,
but
maybe
you
have
70
000
in
the
big
district,
and
you
know
10
000
in
a
small
district.
In
that
instance,
you
still
have
a
seven
to
one
inequity
in
the
voting
power
that
each
of
those
individuals
have
so
in
the
big
district.
You
would
have
to
have
seven,
you
and
six
of
your
friends
voting
for
the
candidate
to
have
the
same
voice
as
one
individual
person
in
the
district
with
ten
thousand
voters.
E
E
E
One
is
elimination
of
section
five
of
the
voting
rights
act
in
california,
not
the
whole
state,
but
just
some
counties
were
covered
by
the
federal
voting
rights
act.
Section.
Five
and
its
elimination
won't
affect
santa
clara
county
or
agencies
in
santa
clara
county,
but
it
will
affect
some
counties
in
the
central
valley
and
north
of
you
up
in
yuba
county
supreme
court
decisions
have
also
had
an
impact
when
we
talked
in
the
previous
slide
about
those
ideas
of
equal
representation
and
one
person.
One
vote
there's
always
been
this
question
about.
E
Are
we
drawing
districts
primarily
to
deal
with
equal
representation
or
primarily,
to
deal
with
voting,
and
in
a
case
in
texas
having
to
do
with
state
senate
districts?
They
were
trying
to
draw
districts
kind
of
looking
more
at
the
voter
side.
Looking
at
can
we
draw
districts
to
balance
them
based
on
equal
number
of
registered
voters
or
eligible
voters
using
other
data
sets
and
the
supreme
court
came
down
and
said
no
and
reinforced
the
idea
that
when
we
talk
about
districts
being
equal,
we
talk
about
them
based
on
total
people,
not
voters
and
then
hr.
E
One
is
also
a
federal
attempt
to
try
to
create
protections
for
voters
in
a
number
of
different
areas.
The
redistricting
element
would
be
portions
of
the
law
that
would
impose
a
california
style,
statewide
redistricting
around
the
country,
but
that
and
other
things,
even
potentially
the
federal
level
reimposing
portions
of
section
five
would
have
impacts
on
redistricting,
so
we
still
have
kind
of
a
fluid
state
at
the
federal
level.
Another
supreme
court
decision
by
the
way
has
to
do
with
their
decision
recently
saying
that
they
cannot
adjudicate
partisan,
redistricting
and
partisan
gerrymandering.
E
So
we
won't
have
that
necessarily
impact
our
redistricting
here,
but
that's
just
to
say
that
there's
still
a
lot
of
activity
at
the
federal
court
level
in
california
and
both
at
the
california
statewide
level
and
in
municipalities.
We
also
see
a
lot
of
activity
regarding
redistricting,
the
big
one
that
will
impact.
What
we
do
here
is
the
fair
maps
act.
E
That
law
recently
enacted
will
affect
all
cities
and
counties
with
a
number
of
different
process
and
criteria.
Considerations
that
you'll
have
to
use
in
your
redistricting
and
you'll
have
to
use
those
in
concert
with
any
local
ordinances
that
you
have
pop
11
and
20.
The
statewide
redistricting
won't
affect
us
in
our
city
redistricting,
but
it's
an
example
of
the
state,
significantly
changing
the
way
that
redistricting
happens
and
prop
11
and
20
really
did
help
set
some
new
norms
that
will
trickle
down
into
local
redistricting
as
well.
E
In
a
recent
survey,
a
whopping
97
percent
of
voters
said
that
local
government
should
be
required
to
have
open,
transparent,
redistricting
and,
in
addition
to
voter
sentiment,
the
media
and
their
focus
on
redistricting
and,
in
part,
simply
their
ability
to
do
better
reporting
on
what's
happening
in
the
districting
process
is
really
transforming
the
landscape
for
all
agencies
that
are
doing
redistricting
in
and
really
elevating
the
expectations
for.
What's
going
to
happen
throughout
the
process
in
the
state
and
federal
voting
rights
act,
there
are,
like,
I
said,
the
federal
voting
rights
act.
E
I
mentioned
section
5
of
the
voting
rights
act
that
has
been
basically
put
on
hold.
It's
now
inactive,
but
section
2
of
the
voting
rights
act
is
alive
and
well,
and
it's
an
important
element
of
the
federal
protections
for
protected
classes
in
ensuring
that
districts
are
not
drawn
to
weaken
the
voting
power
of
those
communities,
particularly
in
areas
where
they
have
enough
cohesiveness
and
enough
density
to
make
more
than
50
of
any
individual
district.
E
You
vote
for
two
people
or
something
like
that,
and
the
conversion
of
those
agencies,
two
districted
elections
and
in
your
county.
You
have
examples
of
many
agencies
that
have
had
to
convert
under
the
california
voting
rights
act,
but
while
people
might
mention
it,
it
actually
is
an
operative
in
the
redistricting
for
agencies
that
are
already
california
voting
rights
act
compliant
like
san
jose.
E
Now,
when
we
get
to
the
federal
voting
rights
act
and
any
questions
regarding
it,
we
will
be
looking
to
your
your
legal
counsel
to
really
help
define
what
is
required
and
that
might
get
into
a
lot
of
additional
work
for
your
legal
counsel
to
really
kind
of
dig
into
those
into
all
the
conditions
that
apply
to
the
federal
voting
rights
act.
But
I'll
give
you
my
kind
of
from
the
redistricting
professional
description
of
of
what
it
requires.
E
E
Maybe
groups
like
maldef
and
other
social
justice
groups
would
come
forward
and
say:
look
we
understand
that
that's
technically
majority
minority,
but
in
order
for
that
majority
minority
district
to
be
effective,
we
believe,
given
their
lower
rates
of
registration,
disenfranchisement
or
other
factors
that
it
needs
to
be
55,
sit-in,
citizen
voting,
age,
population
or
some
other
metric.
So
when
we
talk
about
majority
minority
down
the
road,
we
might
talk
about
it
needing
to
be
a
little
bit
higher
than
that.
E
E
You
can
draw
districts
based
on
you,
know
historic
communities,
language,
access
to
facilities,
shared
educational
income,
other
factors,
but
you
would
be
prohibited
essentially,
and
your
lawyers
would
try
to
kind
of
tamp
down
any
discussion
of
drawing
a
district
based
predominantly
on
race.
Unless
the
determination
determination
has
been
made
that
that
is
a
district
that
would
qualify
under
section
two
of
the
voting
rights
act
and
again
yeah.
C
C
E
E
So
when
I
tell
people
I
do
redistricting
oftentimes.
The
first
word
that
comes
out
of
their
mouth
is
gerrymandering
because
that's
what
most
people
think
about
when
they
think
about
redistricting
and
that
comes
oftentimes
from
this
picture-
that
people
remember
from
their
high
school
textbook
of
the
first
gerrymander.
E
It
was
a
political
cartoon,
governor
gary,
so
technically,
some
redistricting
nerds
will
call
it
a
gerrymander,
but
it
was
state
senate
districts
that
were
drawn
in
a
way
to
protect
political
power
and
had
this
snaking,
you
know
district
that
went
from
one
end
of
the
state
to
the
other
and
that's
what
where
this
political
cartoon
came
from.
So
that's
kind
of
an
old-timey
thing,
it's
208
years
old
to
be
specific,
but
it's
not
that
very
matters
don't
happen
anymore.
In
fact,
this
is
one
of
my
favorites.
E
E
In
this
instance,
they
are
the
majority
they
would
be
able
to
elect.
Generally,
two
candidates
of
their
choice
in
in
this
three-district
scenario,
but
somebody
who
wanted
to
potentially
gerrymander
the
district
could
draw
this
and
magically.
Now
the
green
is
able
to
elect
candidates
of
their
choice
in
a
manner
that
is
not
proportional
to
their
share
of
the
population
and
oftentimes.
If
you
see
this
you'll
see
these
as
red
and
and
blue
dots
to
represent
political
parties.
E
When
we
talk
about
municipal
redistricting,
I
purposefully
don't
use
the
partisan
construct
because
oftentimes
in
municipal
redistricting,
it
really
isn't
about
political
party.
It's
about
other
things.
So
when
we
talk
about
redistricting
and
gerrymandering,
I
think
it's
important
to
get
beyond
this
first
example
of
gerrymandering
that
most
people,
think
of
which
is
the
partisan
gerrymandering,
partisan
gerrymandering,
exists.
E
It's
obviously
extremely
problematic
around
the
country
and
you
do
see
a
lot
of
instances
where
states
have
that
proportional
representation
of
their
political
party
not
being
represented
in
the
proportional
members
of
of
state
legislatures
or
congress
elected
from
those
states.
So
it's
clearly
a
problem,
but
it's
also
something
that
the
courts
have
said
is
not
something
that
they
can
enforce.
E
They've
decided
essentially
at
the
supreme
court
level,
at
least
for
right
now
to
say
we
take
a
pass
on
partisan
gerrymandering.
Fortunately,
as
I've
mentioned
earlier,
a
lot
of
states
have
stepped
up
and
localities
have
stepped
up
to
try
to
enforce
their
own
state
laws,
and
there
can
still
be
state
lawsuits
on
partisan
gerrymandering.
Just
not
federal
racial
gerrymandering
is
an
area
where
the
courts
are
willing
to
step
in
and
they've
repeatedly
found
racial
gerrymandering
to
be
unlawful
and
they've
accepted
certain
methodologies
for
identifying
and
kind
of
pulling
out
what
is
a
racial
gerrymander
there's.
E
Obviously,
if
you
read
up
on
this,
some
concern
in
this
redistricting
cycle
that
agencies
will
continue
to
do
racial
gerrymanders
and
then
just
call
it
a
partisan,
gerrymander
they'll
say
well
that
racial
group
sure
they're
all
shoved
in
one
district
in
a
way
that
disenfranchises
them.
But
we
were
just
trying
to
draw
democrats
together,
so
there
is
concern
that
racial
gerrymandering
will
still
be
done
under
the
guise
of
the
more
permissible
partisan
gerrymandering,
but
we'll
see
how
that
carries
out
through
this.
E
The
rest
of
this
redistricting
cycle
incumbent
gerrymandering
is
another
way
that
we
see
districts
being
drawn
in
a
way
that
it
essentially
violates
the
the
concept
that
districts
are
drawn
to
meet
those
other
two
main
criteria
about
equal
representation
in
one
person.
One
vote
when
districts
are
drawn
primarily
to
preserve
the
cores
of
areas
represented
by
incumbents
or
to
draw
a
district
where
district
is
drawn
and
then
like
a
little
lip
of
the
district
is
pushed
out
to
take
in
the
house
of
a
incumbent
or
candidate.
E
When
we
talk
about
traditional
redistricting
principles,
a
lot
of
these
are
built
to
try
to
eliminate
the
opportunity
for
those
types
of
gerrymandering
and
I'll
talk,
first
about
the
traditional
criteria,
and
then
I
can
get
into
specifics
of
of
what
rules
we
have
here
in
california,
and
you
have
locally.
So
the
traditional
criteria
start
with
that.
E
First
thing
that
I've
talked
about
a
couple
times
already,
which
is
that
districts
are
equal
size
and
when
we
do
that,
we
talk
about
people,
not
citizens
or
voters,
or
something
else,
and
it's
pretty
easy
to
see
kind
of
equal
size.
When
you're.
Looking
at
this
utilizing
the
census
data
and
it's
important
to
note
that
equal
size
does
not
mean
perfectly
equal
equal,
it
means
within
a
certain
deviation.
E
Now
that
10
deviation,
sometimes
is
interpreted
to
be
one
district,
is,
can
be
more
than
five
percent
below
the
ideal,
and
another
district
can't
be
five
percent
above
the
ideal,
but
in
reality
it
means
that
the
total
deviation
from
the
smallest
district
to
the
largest
district
is
no
more
than
ten
percent.
You
could
theoretically
have
a
district.
That's
nine
percent
above
if
all
the
other
districts
are
one
percent
below.
E
E
So
I
always
encourage
agencies
to
start
with
the
idea
that
they
have
the
full
breadth
of
this
10
deviation
in
order
to
kind
of
start
the
process
of
drawing
their
lines
and
here's
the
reason
why,
as
we
get
through
all
the
multiple
criteria,
you're
going
to
have
to
follow
you're
going
to
want
to
do
things
like
preserve
neighborhood
boundaries
to
protect
the
federal
voting
rights
act.
To
ensure
communities
of
interest
can
be
effective
in
elected
candidates
of
choice
and
districts.
E
By
being
kept,
you
know
as
densely
as
possible
into
individual
seats
and
if
down
the,
if
at
the
beginning
of
your
redistricting
process,
you
say.
Aha,
we
want
to
do
a
one
percent
deviation,
because
that
sounds
like
it's
really.
You
know
strict
and
something
we
want
to
hold
to
and
then
down
the
road.
E
E
So
let's
say
that
jonathan
and
I
live
in
two
homes
and
we're
so
close
to
each
other
that
we
could
probably
throw
a
frisbee
from
each
other's
backyards.
To
the
other
person,
however,
between
us
is
a
freeway
and
to
get
from
my
house
to
jonathan's
house,
I
have
to
drive
out
of
my
house
down
a
busy
road.
Maybe
a
mile
to
a
freeway
underpass
go
under
the
freeway.
Come
back
the
other
way
go
through
another
district
and
then
drive
back
over
to
get
to
jonathan's
house
to
go
retrieve
my
frisbee.
E
We
would
be
functionally
con,
we
would
be
literally
contiguous
from
a
satellite
photo,
but
we
wouldn't
be
functionally
contiguous
in
the
way
that
we
would
be
represented
as
a
community
of
interest
or
the
way
that
we
would
kind
of
see
ourselves
in
in
action.
So
we
need
to
think
about
contiguous
as
being
more
than
just
hey
paul.
That
looks
like
a
whole
circle,
so
it's
all
contiguous,
it
might
mean
other
things.
E
Maintaining
communities
of
interest
is
really
one
of
the
most
important
parts
of
the
redistricting
process,
and
it
can
include
those
protected
classes
that
we
talk
about
in
the
federal
voting
rights
act.
It
can
include,
you
know,
language,
minorities,
religious
minorities
and
those
other
groups,
but
then
there
are
other
communities
of
interest
that
also
have
a
claim
to
be
drawn
in
a
district
in
a
way
that
can
maximize
their
voting
power.
E
E
Sometimes
they
can
be
in
political
campaigns.
You
know,
attacked
based
on
their
sexual
orientation
or
that
can
become
an
issue
in
political
campaigns
we've
seen
in
california
as
recently
as
12
years
ago,
a
state
ballot
measure
that
infringed
on
their
civil
rights
being
passed
by
the
voters.
So
you
know
this
community
has
a
lot
of
need
for
protections
that
are
very
similar
to
the
same
underlying
preconditions
that
we
find
in
the
federal
voting
rights
act.
E
Other
communities
of
interest
could
be
things
like
senior
seniors
who
might
live
more
densely
in
a
part
of
a
city
and
really
need
different
services
from
the
city
government,
students,
downtown
areas,
suburban
areas,
rural
areas
versus
you
know.
Urban
areas,
and
even
things
like
social
economic
status,
renters
versus
homeowners
and
what's
important,
is
in
these
communities
of
interest
are
three
parts
one
is
you
want
to
identify
communities
or
have
communities
come
forward
that
can
identify
their
shared
culture,
their
characteristics?
E
A
community
of
interest
is
not
a
community
of
interest
as
a
community
of
interest.
A
community
of
interest
for
a
city
council
redistricting
could
include
something
that
maybe
isn't
a
community
of
interest
for
a
water
district
redistricting
I'll.
Give
an
example
is
that
when
we
do
water
disregardings,
we
see
issues
around
things
like
people's
elevation.
E
Maybe
they
have
different
water
rates
based
on
their
elevation.
We
see
issues
with
mapping
where
the
almond
growers
and
walnut
growers
are.
These
are
actual
literal
examples
of
things
we've
done
in
redistricting,
but
that's
not
something.
That's
going
to
be
important
for
school
board,
redistricting
and
what's
important
for
school
board,
redistricting
may
be.
The
attendance
patterns
of
students
might
not
be
important
for
a
county
supervisorial
redistricting.
E
We
want
to
know
where
it
exists
and
how
to
identify
it
on
a
map,
and
we
want
to
know
how
it
relates
to
the
functions
of
government
for
the
agency
that
we're
doing
the
redistricting
in
following
existing
neighborhoods
is
in
a
way
simply
the
another
kind
of
community
of
interest.
You
might
say
to
somebody:
what's
your
community
of
interest
and
it's
like.
Oh,
I
live
in
spa
heights
and
that's
my
community
of
interest
and
the
fair
maps
act
actually
identifies
neighborhoods
as
one
of
the
key
communities
of
interest
that
needs
to
be
preserved.
E
In
a
districting
process,
and
so
we'll
do
a
process
through
this
redistricting
to
work
to
identify
what
the
communities
of
interest
are
or
what
the
neighborhoods
are
in
the
city
of
san
jose
and
then
draw
those
neighborhoods
down
to
the
census.
Geographies
in
a
way
for
us
to
be
able
to
come
up
with
calculations
for
your
redistricting
to
say
how
many
neighborhoods
are
being
preserved
or
not
through
the
process.
E
E
Your
district
is
naturally
going
to
have
a
weird
shape
when
you
draw
there,
so
it's
not
an
indictment
of
the
districting
for
it
to
have
weird
shapes,
but
in
that,
in
the
same
time,
to
draw
districts
as
compact
as
possible
is
one
of
the
criteria
now
in
california,
we've
given
up
on
a
lot
of
these
types
of
measurements,
we've
gone
to
one.
That
is
a
little.
I
really
like
it.
It's
an
elegant
definition,
but
it
takes
a
moment
to
really
understand
and
digest,
and
so
I'm
going
to
give
some
examples
here.
E
E
E
E
And
if
I
was
just
looking
at
this
area-
and
I
know
this
area
b
and
c
are
kind
of
like
the
nearby
populations,
and
so
normally
you
would
want
to
draw
those
districts
with
other
nearby
populations
and
not
bypass
those
nearby
populations
to
go
to
a
distant
population,
but
that's
exactly
what
they
did
in
this
redistricting
in
this
redistricting.
They
went
to
these
two
populations
and
essentially
figured
out
a
way
to
get
from
a
to
d,
and
in
doing
so,
they
actually
went
through
this
little
underpass
on
the
80.
That's
an
under
unpopulated.
Underpass.
E
E
So
this
was
what
under
state
law
now
would
be
considered
a
non-compact
district.
We
would
call
this
a
gerrymander
and
in
fact
it
was
done
in
a
circumstance
where
they
were
converting
to
district
elections,
and
the
mayor
happened
to
be
living
in
that
area
of
d,
so
we
might
never
get
the
redistricting
contract
for
that
city,
but
we
like
to
call
that
one
out.
Another
example
is
nearby
you.
E
This
is
actually
martinez.
So
this,
if
you
were
to
google,
google
martino's
redistricting
you'll,
see
these
maps
because
it
was
pretty
outrageous
and
in
this
instance,
they
made
districts
that
were
these
long
sinuous
districts
breaking
up
populations
splitting
census
blocks
in
order
to
ensure
that
each
of
the
incumbents
that
were
in
that
circle
had
seats
to
run
in
in
the
future.
But
by
in
doing
this
they
essentially
connected
one
population
area
with
another,
far
away
population
area,
bypassing
a
ton
of
other
nearby
populations.
E
E
E
If
you're
familiar
with
this
driving
out
the
80
you'll
go
by
past
the
richards
exit,
and
then
you
go
past
the
mace
boulevard
exit
and
in
this
instance
in
between
those
two
is
the
capital
corridor
train,
there's
a
railroad
track
that
you
cannot
pass,
except
on
a
little
foot
bridge,
and
so
in
a
way.
This
is
like
that
example.
I
gave
earlier
with
jonathan
and
I
living
close
to
each
other
in
a
satellite
photo,
but
not
actually
contiguous
to
each
other.
E
In
reality,
to
get
from
one
end
of
from
the
middle
of
five
to
the
middle
of
four
requires
you
to
go
all
the
way
to
one's
extreme
side
of
the
district
or
the
other.
So
when
we
think
about
these
things,
we
need
to
think
about
these
things,
not
just
as
individual
criteria
but
how
they
work
with
each
other
and
trying
to
balance
them.
E
So
that
might
mean
you
know
more
hillier
areas
or
more
flatland
areas
or
lakes
and
rivers,
and
things
like
that:
cohesiveness,
contiguity
integrity
and
compactness
of
territory
and
then,
finally,
the
communities
of
interest
which
we've
discussed
the
fair
maps
act
adds
additional
criteria.
On
top
of
those
traditional
elements
that
I
already
mentioned
so
inclusive
of
the
traditional
criteria.
They
say
that
you
cannot
consider
the
residence
of
individual
people
inclusive
of
incumbents
or
candidates.
E
E
They
can't
draw
districts
to
advantage
or
disadvantage
political
parties
so
again,
not
something
we
really
see
in
a
lot
of
municipal
redistricting
or
almost
at
all,
but
it
is
something
that
can't
enter
the
conversation
as
we're
drawing
districts
to
say.
Well,
you
know
that
district's
not
going
to
be,
as
you
know,
supportive
of
one
political
party
or
another.
E
The
website
that
manages
that
redistricting,
that
has
to
have
all
the
agendas
posted
to
it
all
the
presentations
like
this
one,
all
materials,
all
hearings,
minutes
everything
that
website
has
to
be
up
and
active
for
10
years
after
the
redistributing
process.
So
it
creates
a
permanent
repository
for
all
this
information,
so
moving
on
census
data.
E
E
The
second
type
of
data
is
statistical,
averages,
estimated
data,
and
that
would
be
most
commonly
the
american
community
survey
that
gives
us
average
data
to
determine
a
number
of
different
factors
about
the
the
composition
of
the
population.
Above
and
beyond
the
the
very
basic
total
population
you
find
in
the
decennial
census.
E
For
the
tiger
geo
for
the
the
geography
it's
called
the
tiger
files,
the
tiger
tiger
is
an
acronym,
but
I
like
putting
this
little
graphic,
because
the
back
story
is
that
the
la
times
did
a
public
records
act
request
and
in
the
public
records
act
request.
They
found
some
bill
from
a
graphic
designer
who
had
created
a
logo
that
they
never
used
for
the
tiger
file.
So
the
l.a
times
website
sells
little
t-shirts.
E
We
use
the
census
geographies
as
the
the
way
that
we
calculate
our
data
and
at
the
end
of
the
process,
we
work
with
the
counties
to
move
that
information
into
precincts
and
they
use
parcel
layers.
So
there
are
different
geographies
that
will
come
up
very,
very
late
in
the
process
when
we
think
about
these.
It's
important
to
give
kind
of
a
visual
example
of
of
how
these
census
blocks,
block
groups
and
tracks.
Look
as
we'll
be
seeing
a
lot
of
these
and
possibly
moving
in
between
these
different
geographies
as
we
do
our
work.
E
Looking
at
an
area
I,
this
is
just
some
random
area
in
the
state
that
looked
interesting
on
a
map,
but
we
have
as
an
example
here
all
these
little
census
blocks.
It's
actually
it's
in
long
beach.
These
tiny
little
census
blocks
have
some
of
them
have
zero
population,
some
have
15
or
50
or
176,
and
so
on,
but
they're
small
areas
and
in
more
urban
areas
you
can
see
there
are
more
squares
and
rectangles,
but
where
they
meet
like
a
waterway
or
some
other
freeway,
they
start
to
have
kind
of
weirder
shapes
overlapping.
E
The
census
blocks
are
census,
block
groups,
that's
groups
of
census,
blocks
that
are
clumped
together
and
when
we
talk
about
the
american
community
survey,
this
is
the
the
geography
in
which
a
lot
of
that
data
comes
is
the
census
block
group
level
and
then.
Thirdly,
we
have
these
tracts
census,
tracts
are
pretty
big
and
they
encompass
multiple
census
block
groups,
so
they're
perfectly
nested
geographies
for
us
to
do
our
work.
In
now
I
talked
about
the
data
products.
E
The
primary
data
product
used
in
redistricting
comes
from,
what's
called
the
pl
94171
decennial
redistricting
file.
This
is
the
census,
block,
geography
and
the
total
population
counts,
and
it
is
required
to
be
released
as
of
two
weeks
ago,
but
that
data
is
not
going
to
be
released
until
september
30th,
based
on
the
current
census
timeline.
E
I
don't
believe
that
there
is
a
state
facility
in
the
city,
although
somebody
could
correct
me.
Maybe
there
is,
but
the
more
likely
effect
of
this
is
that
you're
going
to
have
some
redistribution
of
population
into
portions
of
the
city
representing
where
those
populations
that
are
currently
incarcerated
lived
prior
to
being
arrested.
E
The
american
community
survey
is
the
other
data
piece
that
we
hear
about
and,
like
I
said,
this
is
the
data
that
often
comes
in
the
census
block
group
layer.
It's
estimated
data,
the
data
we're
going
to
be
using
is
actually
a
five-year
estimated
data
from
surveys
conducted
between
2015
and
2019,
and
those
surveys
included
tons
of
questions
about
you
know
what
kind
of
workforce
are
you
in?
What
was
your
education
level?
What's
your
commute
time,
but
most
important
to
the
redistricting
process,
they
ask
questions
about
ethnicity
and
citizenship
that
allow
us
to
identify.
E
What's
called
the
citizen
voting
age
population,
steve
app
is
the
way
it'll
commonly
be
termed
the
steve
app
population.
You
can
think
about
that,
as
essentially
like
a
eligible
voter
population,
it's
not
perfectly
the
eligible
voter
population,
but
it's
something
akin
to
it
and
it
allows
us
to
say
when
we
put
on
a
map,
this
district
is
39
latino.
This
district
is
33
asian.
It's
a
calculation,
that's
required
by
the
federal
department
of
justice
for
the
census
to
produce,
and
it
will
be
a
part
of
the
districting
process.
E
E
A
couple
that
I
think
are
are
most
commonly
seen
and
will
be
pretty
active
in
this
redistricting
cycle
will
be
that
lgbtq
population
that
I
mentioned
earlier
in
full
disclosure.
This
is
one
of
the
the
groups
that
we've
worked
with
for
the
last
10
plus
years
on
helping
identify
some
of
these
populations
and
working
with
the
state,
registering
commission
but
they're
able
to
help
agencies
and
the
state
identify
where
their
populations
are
for
the
purposes
of
defining
those
communities
of
interest.
E
Public
input
is
essentially
what
takes
a
lot
of
the
data
and
gives
it
life
saying
here's
a
geographic
shape
and
here's
a
bunch
of
numbers
from
the
census
is
valuable,
but
what
is
really
valuable
is
when
the
communities
can
come
forward
and
express
what
those
other
elements
are
that
make
them
cohesive.
What
makes
them
a
community
where
they
interact
with
government
and
all
those
other
factors
that
are
important
to
determining
how
you're
going
to
draw
district
lines
to
preserve
those
communities
of
interest
now
meaning
of
interest.
E
After
the
data
has
been
released,
there's
actually
going
to
be
a
21
day
period
in
which
we
cannot
draw
draft
plans.
We
have
to
essentially
sit
on
our
hands.
We
can
have
the
data.
We
can
look
at
how
the
data
looks
in
the
existing
lines.
We
can
have
that
data
put
into
the
public
mapping
tool
so
members
the
public,
can
map
and
draw
lines,
but
we
are
prohibited
in
this
21
day
waiting
period
from
actually
drawing
draft
plans.
We
want
to
essentially
give
the
public
a
little
bit
of
a
head
start
on
the
process.
E
If
the
data
comes
out
so
late
that
we're
within
60
days
of
our
deadline,
that
window
will
shorten
to
seven
days
if
we're
within
30
days
of
our
deadline
that
time
period
will
shorten
to
seven
days.
But
at
some
level
we
will
need
to
make
sure
that
the
public
has
access
to
that
data
and
an
ability
to
start
to
give
that
more
informed
input
with
the
total
population
numbers.
E
Now,
after
we
are
able
to
draw
draft
plans,
then
that's
another
opportunity
for
public
input
that
public
input
is
we'll
learn,
really
changes
gears
when
we
actually
have
draft
lines
oftentimes,
you
won't
see
as
much
kind
of
abstract
discussion
about
communities
of
interest
and
you'll
see
more
discussion
of
you
know.
Why
did
you
draw
the
line
down
this
road?
E
E
Another
way
that
we
can
get
community
of
interest
testimony
is
through
written
forms,
forms
that
people
can
fill
out.
You
know
in
the
public
from
drawing
down
a
pdf
from
a
website
or
from
filling
out
a
form
on
a
website.
These
are
ways
to
get
those
answers
to
those
questions
of
who
are
you?
What
is
your
community?
E
E
We
need
to
probably
be
considering
ourselves
kind
of
technology
agnostic
if
we
develop
a
tool
for
people
to
draw
lines,
that's
great.
We
want
to
take
in
that
information
if
people
want
to
go
off
and
create
their
own
mapping
tool.
Like
some
organizations
have
done
great,
they
can
send
us
data
and
we
can
make
sure
that
that's
available
to
the
commission
in
a
way
that
gives
all
maps
equal
and
puts
them
all
on
equal
footing
if
they
want
to
use
some
of
these
other
organizations,
groups
or
groups
websites
to
draw
maps,
that's
wonderful!
E
E
These
are
the
three
primary
ways
that
lines
are
drawn
in
a
commission
process
or
in
in
a
current
redistricting
under
the
current
kind
of
norms
that
we
have
in
the
old
days.
If
you
were
to
look
at
a
redistricting
from
10
20
30
years
ago,
most
redistricting
started
with
here's
our
existing
districts.
Let's
try
to
adjust
them
as
little
as
possible
in
order
to
preserve
and
keep
everything
together
as
they
normally
have
been,
and
that
might
still
happen
in
parts
of
the
state,
but
in
most
public
republic
facing
open,
transparent,
redistricting
processes.
E
E
A
second
way
to
do
it
is
to
have
staff
draw
maps
very
common
in
these
redistrictings,
in
fact,
in
napa
and
and
davis,
and
in
santa
ana
and
other
recent
redistrictings
we've
done.
We've
been
asked
to
supplement
what
this,
what
the
public
has
done
by
drawing
maps
based
on
criteria
that
the
council
or
a
commission
gives
us
they
say.
Can
you
draw
a
draft
plan
that
preserves
these
communities?
E
Can
you
draw
a
different
version
of
the
plan
that
follows
the
city,
big
streets
and
freeways
and
gives
us
criteria
and
the
staff
can
draw
plans
for
you
to
review
and
the
third
is
to
do
a
live
line?
Drawing
we
don't
commonly
see
agencies
do
a
live
line,
drawing
like
from
scratch,
but
maybe
live
line.
Drawing
is
a
tool.
That's
used
once
we're
narrowing
down
plans
or
looking
at
trade-offs
between
different
plans
to
say,
plan
b
we
really
like.
E
These
these
different
methods
can
be
used
in
concert
with
each
other,
but
we
also
see
some
agencies
that
essentially
get
into
a
pattern
of
essentially
doing
a
hands-off
redistricting
in
a
way.
It's
not
necessarily
something
I
I
always
recommend,
but
it's
one
way
that
some
agencies
have
gone,
which
is
really
relying
on
the
public
to
draw
maps
and
they
view
their
job,
not
as
going
back
home
and
drawing
their
own
maps
and
then
coming
back
to
another
meeting,
but
instead
trying
to
look
in
way
different
options
that
have
been
presented
by
the
public.
E
I
like
to
use
example
of
loading,
the
dishwasher,
when
I
moved
into
our
house,
you
know
the
first
couple
times
I
loaded
the
dishwasher.
I
started
putting
the
big
plates
in
one
section,
the
little
plates
in
another,
the
big
bowls
in
another,
the
little
bowls
in
another,
and
I
kind
of
started
creating
a
little
structure,
and
I
swear
every
time
I
do
the
the
dishes
from
then
on.
E
I
always
put
the
dishes
in
the
same
way,
just
in
my
brain,
it's
kind
of
like
how
they
fit
some
other
person
could
come
and
very
rationally
come
up
with
a
totally
different
way
of
doing
it,
but
I'm
rather
stuck
by
the
way
that
I've
seen
it
done
it
and
that
practice
of
doing
it
and
physically
being
involved
in
it
has
has
kind
of
precluded
my
ability
to
see
other
things
as
much.
Now
that
I've
done
this
loading,
the
dishwasher
in
the
same
way
a
few
times
the
map
drawing
process
can
be
the
same.
E
You
could
go
out
now
today
go
onto
a
website.
One
of
these
public
websites
start
drawing
maps
of
the
city
and
you
might
fall
in
love
with
a
certain
construction
of
districts
in
a
way
that
precludes
you
from
being
as
open-minded
when
the
public's
giving
you
testimony
or
when
you're
actually
in
the
drawing
process.
E
E
The
community
input
on
this
is
really
what's
important
and,
as
I
said
earlier,
you'll
see
a
change
as
we
get
into
post-draft
map
process,
where
you're
going
to
get
community
input.
That's
very
focused
on
the
specifics
about
particular
lines
and
less
about
communities
of
interest,
but
it's
still
very,
very
valuable
part
of
the
process,
and
one
of
the
things
in
the
state
law
is
that
when
we
do
draft
maps
they
need
to
be
public
for
seven
days
before
we
actually
have
discussions
about
them.
E
Gone
are
the
days
when
somebody
walks
into
a
meeting
and
says.
Oh,
my
cousin
drew
this
map.
I
want
to
pass
this
map,
that's
not
how
it
works
anymore.
We
want
to
have
draft
maps
be
up
on
the
website
for
a
week,
so
the
public
can
see
them
develop
their
own
testimony,
maybe
send
an
email
into
the
commission
prepare
to
testify
and
not
just
be
surprised
by
some
map
that
somebody
shows
up
with
at
an
upcoming
hearing.
E
So
really
the
transparency
is
reinforced
by
a
requirement
that
these
maps
are
public
for
seven
days
before
we
consider
them
now.
Right
now,
you'll
have
your
own
deadlines.
We'll
have
our
own
scope
of
our
own
work
plan
that
will
develop
about
when
things
have
to
be
done,
but
it's
important
to
note
that
the
agency
has
to
complete
their
redistributing
process
by
december
15th
under
the
fair
maps
act.
This
is
a
deadline
that
is
set
by
the
legislature,
but
it
might
change.
So
we
need
to
be
understanding
that
things
might
have
to
be
flexible.
E
We
can
proceed
under
the
assumption
that
this
deadline
won't
change,
but
there's
possibility
that
the
legislature
or
courts
will
step
in
at
some
point
because
of
the
late
census.
Data
and
essentially
you
know,
maybe
give
the
commission
a
week
or
two
or
three
extra
weeks
in
order
to
complete
the
full
process,
we'll
be
updating
you,
as
that
happens,
so
that
you
know
the
latest
as
to
what
those
timelines
are
looking
like.
E
C
That
was
fantastic.
Thank
you,
so
much
paul.
Are
there
any
commissioner
questions?
You
can
raise
your
hand.
That
would
be
great.
If
not,
I
will
start
with
a
couple
of
questions.
Obviously,
for
the
time
being,
we
are
in
a
period
where
we
can
gather
feedback.
Oh,
I
see
a
couple
of
hands
up
feedback
about
communities
of
interest.
I
would
love
your
thoughts
about
that
paul.
C
E
E
So
what
I
really
would
and
we're
doing
this
in
other
agencies?
What
I
really
encourage
is
that
we
have
a
process
where
we
start
to
set
up
hearings
that
are
designed
for
the
community
to
engage
those
input.
Hearings
should
probably
start
with
one
of
you,
as
the
commissioners,
giving
a
little
bit
of
my
presentation
will
pull
out
some
of
these
elements.
My
presentation
to
explain
you
know
what
a
community
of
interest
is
to
really
kind
of
pull
out
of
the
people
who
are
giving
their
input.
E
It's
a
key
part
of
understanding
how
you're
going
to
enact
your
redistricting
plan
and
also,
as
we
finalize
our
districting
plan,
we'll
be
looking
backwards
too.
We'll
say:
okay,
this
is
the
district,
the
agent
that
the
commission
has
voted
on.
How
are
we
going
to
tell
the
council?
How
are
we
going
to
tell
the
public
what
district
4
is
we'll
define
it
by
its
communities
of
interest
and
we'll
point
back
to
testimony
that
was
given
by
different
members
of
the
of
the
public
in
order
to
kind
of
reinforce
the
essentially
the?
E
A
E
Is
there
a
population
in
the
city
that
votes
cohesively,
meaning
that
racially
polarized
voting
analysis
has
been
done
either
by
the
by
the
city
or
their
attorneys,
or
even
maybe,
by
an
outside
group
like
a
maldef
or
asian
asian
americans,
advancing
justice?
Some
racially
polarized
voting
analysis
been
done.
That
shows
hey
this
population,
not
looking
at
the
existing
lines
or
not
looking
at
future
lines.
Just
this
population
in
this
part
of
the
city
qualifies
under
that
first
metric.
They
vote
cohesively.
E
Then
they'll,
look
at
okay!
If
we
have
this
population
that
votes
cohesively,
they'll
ask
somebody
who
does
essentially
what
I
do
they'll
say:
hey
you're,
not
actually
drawing
the
district
lines
but
you're
just
a
a
consultant
outside
of
the
process.
If
you
were
drawing
lines,
can
you
actually
draw
an
area
where
that
population
that's
cohesive,
is
50
or
more
of
a
district,
and
that
consultant
will
be
able
to
tell
them?
E
Can
you
look
at
past
election
results
and
essentially
stimulate
elections
within
that
area,
to
say
that
that
group
will
have
the
ability
to
elect
their
candidates
of
choice
in
a
district
that
is
comprised
of
50
or
51
or
52
or
53
percent
of
their
population,
and
with
all
that
information,
your
legal
counsel,
probably
without
exposing
all
of
that
analysis
and
all
those
potential
lines
and
all
that
data.
But
your
legal
counsel
will
come
forward
and
they'll
be
able
to
say
yes,
as
we've
looked
at
it
or
know,
depending
on
what
their
answer
is.
E
There
is
a
need
for
the
commission
to
consider
this
population
as
a
section
two
protected
group,
and
there
is
a
requirement
that
in
the
districting
process
that
there
be
a
district
in
this
general
area
where
that
population
is
50
or
more
of
its
total,
that
isn't
voting
age
population.
So
it's
a
process
and
once
the
section
two
determination
has
been
made,
then-
and
only
then,
can
you
start
talking
about
okay?
E
How
are
we
going
to
draw
this
district
to
make
sure
that
latino
or
asian
or
other
community
has
the
ability
to
elect
a
candidate
of
choice
in
this
area?
It
essentially
opens
up
the
doors
for
you
to
talk
about
the
racial
composition
of
a
district
where,
in
another
part
of
the
city
you
won't
be
able
to,
because
you
won't
have
your
attorney
signing
off
on
that
section.
2
requirement.
A
E
A
No,
I
mean
it
is
something
that
we
would
want
to
look
at
to
determine.
You
know,
I
don't
believe
in
the
past,
under
prior
redistricting,
we
ever
had
a
section.
Two
district
I'd
have
to
do
some
research
on
that.
But
yes,
any
any
type
of
question
we
would
look
into,
and
we
really
can
only
do
that
until
the
data
has
been
produced.
A
Paul,
thank
you
very
much
for
for
that
thorough
presentation.
I
feel
like
it's
something
that
we're
probably
going
to
use
and
refer
back
to
as
we
move
forward
with
this.
So
I
think
that
my
question
is
a
variation
of
teresa's
question
and
I'm
I
I'm
hoping
that
you
might
be
able
to
provide
a
little
bit
of
more
clarity
to
the
the
term
community
of
interest.
A
For
me,
I
guess
what
I'm
struggling
with
is
whether
it's
enough
for
a
community
group
to
to
have
certain
similar
characteristics
or
is
the
definition
a
little
bit
more
specific.
One
thing
that
I
heard
from
you
today
was
almost
like:
it's
a
group
that
might
need
to
be
protected
that,
like
there's
some
interest,
that
we
are
trying
to
protect.
E
E
C
E
So
it
isn't
an
effective
community
of
interest
because
it
can't
be
geographically
represented,
so
you
say:
okay,
dog
parks,
people
who
take
their
dogs
to
dog
parks.
That
is
something
that
is
a
shared
interest,
a
shared
common
relationship
between
people
and
I
can
map
where
the
dog
parks
are
and
where
people
go
to
dog
parks.
But
let's
say
as
an
example,
I
don't
know.
If
that's
true,
but
let's
say
the
city
doesn't
manage
dog
parks,
but
the
county
does
so
you'd,
say:
okay,
you
check
the
box
number
one.
You
have
a
shared
relationship.
E
If
you've
checked
the
box
number
two,
we
can
map
you,
but
you
didn't
check
the
box
number
three,
because
there's
nothing
about
going
to
dog
parks
that
relates
back
to
the
work
of
the
city
council.
That
makes
you
a
really
important
community
of
interest
for
drawing
city
council
lines
because
you're
not
going
to
be
able
to
have
a
more
effective
voice
in
your
city
government
regarding
dog
parks,
if
dog
parks
aren't
in
the
jurisdiction
of
the
city
council.
E
E
We
are
have
a
shared
common
relationship.
We
have
a
geographic
area
where
we're
more
dense
and
we
have
this
need
to
make
sure
that
our
rights
are
protected
because
we
are
constantly
needing
to
get
these
services.
That
is
part
of
what
the
city
provides
to
us.
So
you
want
to
try
to,
as
people
are
testifying
you're
not
going
to
tell
somebody.
E
E
One
of
the
people
on
our
staff
who's
listening
right
now
is
sophia
garcia,
who
will
be
working
with
the
city
on
their
outreach
plan
and
sophia
was
at
the
dolores
huerta
foundation.
When
we
first
met
her,
she
was
representing
groups
of
farm
workers
and
and
other
community
members
in
kern
county
who
are
honestly
afraid
to
come
forward
to
a
big
redistricting
meeting
and
speak
before
50
or
100
people
to
identify
their
community
of
interest.
A
A
E
E
So
you
want
to
think
about
these.
These
are
ranked
criteria
from
the
state,
equal
population,
compact
communities
of
interest,
and
we
go
down
the
list,
but
it's
also
that
one
doesn't
necessarily
dominate
all
the
others.
You
don't
say
well.
This
is
more
compact
than
this.
So
we're
going
to
split
this
community
of
interest
just
in
the
name
of
compactness.
E
What
we'll
likely
need
to
do
is
balance
a
lot
of
these
criteria
and
I
often
like
to
think
about
it
as
kind
of
check
boxes.
We
want
to
look
at
a
plan
and
look
at
those
those
districts
and
say:
okay,
those
districts.
They
look
compact
enough
check.
We
want
to
make
sure
that
they're,
equal
population,
so
within
that
10
percent
range
or
whatever,
is
determined
check.
It's
competi
it's
equal
and
it's
compact.
Then
we
want
to
look
at.
How
are
we
preserving
communities
of
interest?
E
You
might
end
up
with
a
plan
that
has
districts
that
are
less
compact
than
another
proposed
plan,
but
you're
doing
in
order
to
preserve
more
communities
of
interest,
even
some
communities
of
interest
that
aren't
those
section
two
communities
of
interest.
So
you
don't
want
to
be
in
a
situation
where
you
you
say
well.
Well,
the
demographers
said
they
need
to
be
equal.
So
I'm
just
going
to
pick
the
redistricting
plan.
That's
most
equal,
that's
not
going
to
be
equitable
right.
E
We
want
to
have
a
process
that
takes
all
these
different
criteria
and
tries
to
balance
them.
As
you
decide
among
potentially
many
different
competing
redistricting
plans,
and
it
is,
there
are
trade-offs.
We
might
have
a
situation
in
a
hearing
where
you
have
some
members
of
the
commission
that
favor
one
plan
because
they
think
that
it's
more
compact
it
preserves
more
neighborhoods
and
another
person
or
another
set
of
people,
preferring
another
plan.
E
That's
less
compact,
maybe
splits
one
or
two
neighborhoods,
but
really
keeps
a
key
community
of
interest
more
whole
in
one
district,
and
if
you
said
to
me
which
plan
is
better
I'd,
probably
say
they
both
meet
all
the
criteria
and
it's
up
to
you
to
determine
some
of
those
trade-offs
all
right.
Thank
you
and
thank
you
for
being
part
of
my
earlier
example.
C
E
Yeah
I've
been
I'm
not
actually
on
staff
with
the
state,
redistricting
commission
or
anything
like
that,
but
you
know
yesterday
I
was
part
of
a
lengthy
hearing.
They
had
talking
about
how
the
state's
going
to
do
community
of
interest
testimony
I'll
be
on
a
panel
later
this
month
with
equality
of
california
talking
about
the
identification
of
lgbtq
communities
around
the
state.
So
I'm
engaged,
but
I
don't.
I
don't
work
for
them.
C
Great,
so
not
thinking
about
san
jose
in
particular,
I'm
not
asking
you
about
our
city.
Is
there
a
sense
that-
and
I
know
every
jurisdiction
will
be
different,
but
we
can
expect
big
changes
this
time
around
and
the
reason
I
say
that
is,
I
don't
know
what
happened
in
the
last
redistricting,
but
just
I
guess,
compare
2011
to
2021.
If
you
would.
E
Sure
so,
first
off
operationally
it's
going
to
be
the
same
process
as
last
time
now
with
the
statewide
registrant
commission,
using
it
doing
its
second
run
here.
So
some
things
will
be
the
same,
particularly
in
process.
Some
things
are
very
different
already
in
terms
of
their
process
because
of
the
late
census
data,
but
the
idea
of
the
hearings
being
open,
transparent
the
criteria
they're
using
a
lot
of
that
stuff's
the
same
one,
big
change
that
I
think
well
there's
a
couple
of
changes
that
are
going
to
impact
the
redistributing
process.
E
Total
population
is
going
to
obviously
impact
the
redistributing
process,
maybe
even
how
many
congressional
districts
we
have
will
be
determined
by
the
census
we
believe
by
april
30th,
but
maybe
as
soon
as
april,
27th
the
ethnic
composition
of
the
populations
around
the
state.
A
real
quick
way
of
putting
it
is
that
the
latino
population
has
grown
almost
everywhere
in
the
state.
The
api
the
asian
community
population
has
grown,
most
has
grown
the
most
in
the
most
heavily
dense
api
communities
so
places
in
in
your
county
and
in
san
gabriel
valley.
E
We
see
extraordinary
parts
of
orange
county.
We
see
really
high
rates
of
growth
of
the
asian
community
in
areas
that
are
already
heavily
asian
and
then
the
african-american
community
has
dissipated
again,
just
like
it
did
in
2010,
where
you
see
more
people
from
that
african-american
community
and
and
the
black
citizen
voting
age,
population
kind
of
going
out
of
traditional
areas
like
oakland
and
richmond,
or
down
in
l.a
and
more
out
to
elk
groves
and
riverside
or
san
bernardino
and
other
suburbs
and
excerpts.
E
E
Section
five
of
the
voting
rights
act
required
pre-clearance
of
the
redistricting
before
the
lines
could
be
implemented
and
the
way
it
worked
is
imagine
we
did
all
our
work
as
this
commission
and
somebody
told
you
that
when
we're
done,
there's
going
to
be
some
federal
agency
that
has
to
sign
off
on
our
plans
and
if
they
don't
like
our
plans,
they're
going
to
give
it
to
the
courts
to
redo
all
of
our
work.
And
that's
what
the
decision
was
made
by
the
state
registrant
commission
in
2011
was
because
section
5
was
in
place.
E
C
A
Yes,
thank
you,
madam
chair
paul.
Thank
you
for
a
very
thorough
presentation.
I
found
it
very
informative
and
something
I
wanted
to
prove
a
little
bit
with.
You
was
something
that
you
had
mentioned
in
regards
to
non-us
citizens
and
not
being
part
of
our
consideration
with
the
equal
population,
for
the
districts
and
in
san
jose.
A
E
Now,
when
we
talk
about
that
other
piece
under
the
federal
voting
rights
act,
when
you
say
hey
paul,
what
percentage,
latino
or
asian
or
african-american
is
that
district
we'll
have
a
separate
data
set.
We
use
for
that
that
data
set
is
essentially
looking
at
the
eligible
voter
population
because
we're
talking
about
that
equitable
share
of
voting
power
in
each
district,
and
so
while
there
was
a
lot
of
debate
about
whether
or
not
citizenship
would
be
included
in
the
us
census.
E
The
fact
is
that
citizenship
is
included
in
that
american
community
survey,
and
so
we
do
have
data
from
the
department
of
justice
required
from
the
census
required
by
the
department
of
justice
that
allows
us
to
look
at
that
citizen
voting
age
population
over
18
and
the
ethnicity
of
those
populations.
In
order
to
determine
how
effective
a
district
could
be
in
electing
candidates
of
choice.
C
My
question
is,
I
think,
sort
of
related
linka
those
populations.
We
have
to
trust
that
the
census
captured
non-citizen
populations
in
addition
to
citizen
populations,
and
so
my
question
is:
are
you
starting
to
hear
any
grumbling
about
the
national
census
and
the
data
that
we're
going
to
receive?
I'm
just
worried
that
you
know
at
the
10th
or
11th
hour,
somebody
will
overturn
the
data
that
we
received,
or
there
will
be
some
kind
of
conflict
over
them.
Any
any
sense
of
that.
E
Yeah
so
in
redistricting,
unfortunately,
we're
required
to
use
the
u.s
census
database,
it's
provided
to
us
and
we're
not
able
to
manipulate
or
change
that,
even
if
we
know
of
areas
that
have
had
chronic
underperformance
in
the
census
or
low
completion
rates
or
other
information,
this
can
be
incredibly
frustrating.
One
of
the
redistrictings
I
did
was
in
the
city
of
santa
ana
and
at
the
time
we
were
doing
it.
E
We
actually
knew
from
research
that
there
was
a
chronic
undercount
of,
in
particular
non-citizen
kids,
because
families
were
feeling
compelled
to
complete
the
census,
but
they
just
wouldn't
put
their
kids.
I
I
could
understand
why,
and
there
was
also
chronic
undercounts
of
sometimes
people
putting
in
their
household,
maybe
the
two
primary
adults,
but
not
putting
a
grandmother,
because
maybe
the
grandmother
isn't
a
citizen,
so
they
just
wouldn't
put
that.
E
Why
would
you
want
to
potentially
in
a
in
a
country
where
you
feel
like
your
data,
is
going
to
be
used
against
you
and
there
have
been
things
in
the
culture
that
have
increased
this
distrust
fears
that
the
state's
undocumented
driver's
license
program
data
would
be
utilized
by
the
federal
government
to
do
enforcement
fears
that
daca
data
would
be
utilized
to
do
enforcement
in
that
environment.
You
can
see
why
you
know
a
third
person
comes
to
you.
You
know
you
gave
your
information
to
the
dmv.
E
You
have
that
buffer
of
the
deviation-
and
you
could
say,
okay,
we've
got
five
different
plans
in
that
one
plan
that
part
of
the
city-
it's
in
a
district
that
is
three
percent
under
four
percent
under
that
might
be
more
equitable,
because
in
a
district
that's
a
little
bit
smaller.
It's
it's
in
a
way,
accounting
a
little
bit
for
that
under
count
in
the
census.
E
This
can
sometimes
come
into.
You
might
have
somebody
else
who
says
well,
there's
a
new
development
over
here,
so
we
need
to
adjust
for
that
new
development
or
the
student
population
had
been
gone
on
the
day
that
the
census
was
conducted.
So
we
need
to
account
for
that.
You
know
imperfection
in
the
census
data.
C
B
The
the
city
or
the
county
have
not
taken
a
formal
position
with
respect
to
those
redlined
areas
that
concentrated
populations
created,
voting
blocks,
created
and
and
what
they
did
is
they
leveraged
power
from
those
positions
it
determined
where
schools,
it
determined
the
quality
of
certain
schools.
I
mean
the
redlining
must
be
critical
it.
There
must
be
a
baseline
by
which
you
use
those
redlining
policies
and
what
the
damage
that
it
did
and
then
use
that
and
institute
that
into
these
and
factor
that
into
these
decisions.
B
B
You
see,
pre
prior
back
in
the
70s
80s
and
90s,
and
even
the
2000s
willow
glen
wanted
absolutely
nothing
to
do
with
that
area,
and-
and
we
already
know
that,
because
of
the
neglect
in
terms
of
in
terms
of
of
of
resources
in
that
particular
neighborhood.
As
related
to
roads,
as
related
to
a
lot
of
other
city
services,
with
respect
to
that
area,
I'm
from
that
area
I
was
raised
there.
My
father
picked
fruit
in
salsa
puedes
in
the
1940s.
B
C
B
Zero,
you
know
instead
of
redistricting.
Has
anybody
in
this
city,
in
this
county,
in
this
state
ever
thought
of
just
doing
a
good
job
for
its
residents
and
not
having
to
jumble
around
all
these
districts
and
everything
we
ever
just
thought
of,
like
you
know,
spending
the
money
wisely,
investing
in
proper
infrastructure,
but
you
guys
are
worried
about.
B
I
mean
it
gets
really
weird
how
you're
worrying
about
certain
demographics.
This
sounds
like
the
chicago
democratic
machine
under
mayor
daley,
how
you're
trying
to
draw
draw
these
districts.
It's
really
weird.
I
mean
it's
really
almost
orwellian
and
and
buildings
on
segregation
when
you
guys
are
against
segregation,
you're,
really,
not
because
it's
just
a
it's
just
a
way
to
manipulate
everybody
to
get
everybody
against
each
other.
B
It's
it's
classic
marxism.
What
what
you
people
are
doing!
It's
disgusting
really,
I
mean
just
do
a
good
job
with
the
city
make
it
so
the
police
and
fire
can
show
up
on
time
versus
an
hour
later,
make
sure
that
the
you
know
the
toilets
aren't
overflowing
at
our
public
parks
make
sure
the
fountain
works
at
the
rose
garden,
and
you
guys
want
to
redraw
districts.
You
can't
even
run
this
city
correctly.
This
city
is
a
joke.
I
mean
you're
the
downtown
it
looks
like
detroit
looks
like
detroit
like
in
1982.
B
I
mean
it's,
it's
unbelievable.
I
wonder
when
they're
just
going
to
hit
the
whole
place
with
the
bulldozer
or
someday,
because
there's
no,
you
know
no,
no
one's
living
down
there,
no
one's
shopping
down
there.
How
are
you
able
to
run
a
redistricting
in
in
this
city,
state
or
county?
It's
a
disaster.
D
Hi,
thank
you.
Thank
you
for
allowing
my
public
comment
earlier
on
the
consent
calendar.
My
mind
was
in
a
different
place
and
I
was
thinking
of
the
city
charter
process.
I
thought
this
was.
There
was
a
special
meeting
of
the
city
charter
coming
up
this
week
and
I
I
got
my
signals
crossed
I'm
very
sorry
about
that.
This
was
an
interesting
item
to
listen
to
and
learn
about,
and
I
was
a
bit
taken
aback
by.
I
thought
it
was
a
really
good
lecture.
D
I
was
taken
a
bit
back
by
that,
since
the
supreme
court
has
taken
away
a
federal
government
power
in
in
having
a
say
in
in
certain
voting
districts,
the
present
presenter,
you
know
made
that
sound
like
a
good
thing
for
states
and
that
states
now
have
a
bit
more
freedom
to
work.
At
least
california
does
you
know
in
other
states?
D
And
you
know
I
guess
you
know
both
sides.
There
is
both
sides
of
the
argument
and
I
don't
want
to
get
too
much
into
that,
but
I'm
much
more
interested
in
the
negotiated
process
that
and
the
transition
of
power
from
say
a
federal
agency
to
a
state
agency
and
how
that
can
work
in
the
future.
And
so
I
thought
I'd
just
make
light
of
that
this
time.
It's
just,
I
don't
know
something
to
think
about,
and
what.
C
Thank
you.
That
was
the
final
public
speaker.
Thank
you
very
much
so
paul.
I
wanted
to
just
a
couple
just
a
couple
of
closing
questions.
You
know,
given
that
keeping
districts
compact
and
following
existing
neighborhoods
are
important
principles
for
the
redistricting
process.
Do
you
want
to
talk
about
historic,
redlining
and,
and
what
that
is
meant
for
neighborhoods.
E
Yeah,
I
think,
first
off
I,
I
hope
that
the
members
of
the
commission,
when
they
listened
to
paul,
speak
that
they
were
able
just
like
I
was
to
kind
of
tick
off
those
three
things
that
we
talked
about
and
what
defines
a
community
of
interest.
I
mean
that
was
really
ideal.
Testimony
in
that
it
talked
about
a
shared
community,
shared
experiences,
family
history,
something
that
defined
a
community
and
and
and
brought
it
together.
E
Right
then
talked
about
physical
geography
described
a
neighborhood
described
a
physical
area
in
the
city,
and
then,
thirdly
tied
it
to
something
that
has
to
do
with
the
governance
of
the
agency.
That
you're
doing
the
redistricting
in
the
history
of
redlining
is
obviously
something
that
throughout
the
bay
area
and
I'm
not
as
specific
to
the
actual
space.
E
You
know
areas
in
san
jose
where
it
was
most
endemic,
but
that
history
of
that
redlining
does
provide
us
an
opportunity
to
look
at
certain
communities
and
how
there
was
active,
disenfranchisement
and
disempowerment
of
communities
that
can
be
used
as
a
way
of
helping
to
define
a
community
of
interest.
Even
now,
and
another
thing
is
that
there
are
maps
I
know
throughout
the
state
that
could
be
superimposed
onto
a
map
of
the
city
in
order
to
help
define
where,
in
the
city,
those
historic
red
line
communities
were
and
to
see.
E
If
there
are
ways
that
districting
can
be
done,
where
whoever
gets
elected
to
that
district
will
have
the
needs
of
that
community
kind
of
foremost
in
their
minds.
Is
there
as
they're
working
on
behalf
of
the
residents,
so
that
was
ideal
testimony?
I
thought
it
was
great
to
have
at
the
end
of
the
presentation
that
I
gave
and
we're
happy
to
work
with
you
on
helping
integrate
that
kind
of
data
to
the
the
maps
that
you'll
end
up
working
on
for
the
districting
process.
C
E
E
When
I
say
that
I
say
particular
segments
of
the
population,
there
might
be
other
segments
of
the
population
for
whom
in-person,
interact
and
in-person
opportunities
provide
a
greater
opportunity
to
have
input.
So
I
think
that,
through
the
course
of
this
depart,
depending
on
the
realities
of
whatever
the
current
health
orders
are
at
the
time,
we
should
consider
meeting
people
where
they
are
at
some
level
in
order
to
ensure
that
we're
not
kind
of
disenfranchising
anybody
from
participating
in
the
process.
E
E
But
when
it's
time
for
me
to
give
some
input,
I
might
be
listening
to
the
hearing
remotely
and
being
able
to
provide
input
in
an
environment
like
this
and
then
still
be
able
to.
You
know
hop
over
berkeley.
Redistricting
commission
is
having
their
meeting
at
this
exact
same
time
and,
if
necessary,
a
half
hour
later,
I
can
be
in
berkeley
which,
honestly
I
can't
do
that
in
real
life.
Right.
A
C
C
Thanks,
okay,
so
moving
on
to
item
seven
new
business,
we
do
not
have
any
old
business
agendas.
We
just
talked
that
should
have
been
old
business.
We
don't
have
any
old
business
agendas.
We
just
talked
about
new
business
and
finally,
item
eight
on
the
agenda
is
what
we're
calling
open
forum.
This
is
a
time
for
the
public
comments
on
items
that
are
not
on
the
agenda.
The
brown
act
prohibits
the
commission
from
discussing
any
items
that
is
not
agendized.
B
B
They
have
never
been
checked
on
that.
That
was
a
deprivation
of
ancestral
wealth
that
I
was
deprived
of,
and
I
was
deprived
of
it
in
two
ways:
due
process
of
law
and
equal
protection
under
the
law.
Those
are
two
constitutionally
protected
rights
that
were
stripped
from
the
mexicans
as
a
result
of
redlining.
That
needs
to
be
rectified.
I
I
can't
put
it
anywhere
clear:
it
must
be
rectified,
and
here
in
this
in
this
forum,
this
is
the
means
in
place.
Where
that's
done.
B
I
mean,
if
we're
really
going
to
talk
about,
if
we're
really
going
to
be
a
city
that
is
going
to
move
in
in
the
direction
of
equity,
it
really
is
going
to
take
people
with
courage.
It's
going
to
take
people
with,
with
with
understanding
and
and
a
lot
of
research.
I've
been
doing
research
for
probably
about
maybe
about
15
years,
and
so
I'm
I
come
to
these
meetings
equipped.
I
come
to
these
meetings
prepared
and
if
there
ever
was
a
department
that
is
going
to
be
saddled
with
the
responsibility
of
undoing
institutionalized
racism.
D
D
D
There's
also,
you
know
the
threat
of
wildfires
and
its
electrical
outage
and
sea
level
rise
that
are
going
to
be
really
important
issues
for
san
jose
and
the
bay
area
in
the
next
few
years,
and
I
I
don't
know
how
you
can
consider
that
if
it
needs
to
be
considered
in
your
redistricting
plans,
but
I
thought
I
would
mention
it
if
it
is
applicable,
you
know,
maybe
it
can
help
as
it
should
in
your
decision
making.
However,
you
need
to
work
at
this
time
in
redistricting
ideas.
D
You
know
a
natural
disaster
event
and
that
we
would
really
be
going.
You
know
with
all
our
best
after
2025
and
I'm
hopeful
of
what
that
can
offer,
but
I
feel
we
may
be
in
for
a
tough
few
years
coming
up,
and
I
I
just
I
just
felt
I
should
mention
it.
I
don't
know
how
correct
I
am,
but
just
that
so
you
can
have
choices,
how
you
can
think
and
work
at
this
time.
D
B
You
know
I'd
like
to
see
what
this
city
and
county
would
look
like
if
it
didn't
have
all
the
wealth
and
all
these
supposed
smart
people
and
all
these
technology.
Could
you
imagine
what
this
place
would
be
like?
If
you
people
didn't
have
money
it
would.
I
I
couldn't
imagine
it's
it's
horrible.
Now
the
telecom
is
bad.
You
know
our
internet's,
not
very
good.
The
utility
companies
are
and
trash
companies
are
raising
up
the
rates
with
poor
service
dirty
water,
bad
dirty,
electrical
power,
natural
gas
pipelines
that
haven't
been
retrofitted.
B
For
you
know,
for
probably
half
a
century,
maybe
more-
and
I
I
don't
know
I
mean
redistricting,
like
that's
going
to
make
something
better.
You
you're
crazy,
you're
you're.
You
know
you
want
to
redistrict,
you
want
to
do
the
urban
villages.
You
want
to
do
road
diets.
You
want
to
do
all
these
things,
but
you,
but
this
city
cannot
provide
basic
emergency
services
in
a
timely
manner.
You've
got
these
public
bat
or
the
toilet
at
the
rose
garden
overflowing.
You
can't
even
keep
the
fountain
running
at
the
rose
garden.
B
I
want
to
know
what
you
can
do,
which
is
really
nothing
potholes
everywhere,
the
worst
roads,
it's
like.
We
have
snow
here
or
something
this
city
needs
to
get
back
to
the
basics
and
stop
focusing
on
things
that
aren't
that
aren't
bettering
the
community.
Everything
that
this
city
ever
talks
about
is
doubling
down
on
bad
ideas.
It's
like
a
bunch
of
hippies
trying
to
run
a
commune,
and
the
city
council
should
be
ashamed
of
themselves.
The
police
department,
all
the
powers
that
be
in
this
city
and
county,
are
terrible
people.
B
C
Thank
you.
Are
there
any
more
public
comments?
That
was
the
last
public
speaker?
Thank
you.
So
much
ramon,
I
see
your
hand
up
or
do
you
have
a
questions,
don't
know
you're
good,
okay.
Moving
on
to
item
nine
is
the
meeting
schedule
and
agenda
items,
so
the
next
meeting
will
be
on
may
20th
at
six
pm
via
zoom
hope
to
see
you
all
then,
and
until
then
we
get
a
chance
to
adjourn
now.
Is
there
a
motion
to
adjourn?
E
A
B
A
Some
sort
of
timeline
to
give
us
a
framework
with
certain
benchmarks
for
for
us
to
meet,
and
you
know
so
that
we
can
have
our
recommendations
ready
in
time,
and
I
don't
know
what
the
proper
mechanism
would
be
to
like.
Put
that
on
on
for
our
agenda
for
next
month,
as
well
as
maybe
begin
discussing,
community
engagement,
I'm
still
not
clear,
on
what
our
role
will
be
and
how
much
you
know
outreach
we
can
do
as
a
commission,
and
so
those
are
some
things
that
have
been
on
my
mind.
C
Thank
you.
So,
yes,
absolutely.
We
should
we'll
talk
about
timeline
next
time
and
community
engagement,
so
the
idea
was
again
to
have
our
consultants
on
board.
They're
gonna
help
us
design
a
community
engagement
strategy
and
program,
and
I
think
for
the
next
meeting
we
are.
They
are
helping
us
to
get
a
panel
of
individuals
who
have
served
on
previous
commissions.
C
Who
can
give
us
advice
on.
You
know
the
deliberations
that
they
went
through.
All
of
this
to
prepare
us
to
then
start
doing
the
public
input.
But
absolutely
I
think,
talking
about
the
timeline
and
starting
to
get
a
sense
of
community
engagement
is
perfectly
right
on
track
staff.
Do
you
have
any
thoughts,
city
clerk.